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Hétéroside — Wikipédia
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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hétérosides_cyanogénétiques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Hétérosides cyanogénétiques</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hétérosides_cyanogénétiques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hétérosides_anthracéniques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hétérosides_anthracéniques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hétérosides anthracéniques</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hétérosides_anthracéniques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hétéroside</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 48 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="غليكوسيد – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غليكوسيد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ql%C3%BCkozit" title="Qlükozit – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qlükozit" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Гліказіды – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гліказіды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Гликозид – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гликозид" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikozidi" title="Glikozidi – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Glikozidi" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glic%C3%B2sid" title="Glicòsid – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Glicòsid" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykosidy" title="Glykosidy – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Glykosidy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykosid" title="Glykosid – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Glykosid" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoside" title="Glycoside – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Glycoside" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoside" title="Glycoside – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Glycoside" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluc%C3%B3sido" title="Glucósido – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Glucósido" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gl%C3%BCkosiidid" title="Glükosiidid – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Glükosiidid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="گلیکوزید – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گلیکوزید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykosidit" title="Glykosidit – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Glykosidit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glic%C3%B3sido" title="Glicósido – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Glicósido" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%93" title="גליקוזיד – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גליקוזיד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikozidi" title="Glikozidi – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Glikozidi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikozidok" title="Glikozidok – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Glikozidok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Գլիկոզիդներ – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գլիկոզիդներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikosida" title="Glikosida – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Glikosida" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glicosidi" title="Glicosidi – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Glicosidi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E7%B3%96%E4%BD%93" title="配糖体 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="配糖体" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Гликозидтер – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гликозидтер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%BD%94%EC%82%AC%EC%9D%B4%EB%93%9C" title="글리코사이드 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="글리코사이드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Гликозиддер – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гликозиддер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikozidas" title="Glikozidas – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Glikozidas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoz%C4%ABdi" title="Glikozīdi – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Glikozīdi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Гликозид – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гликозид" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoside" title="Glycoside – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Glycoside" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykosid" title="Glykosid – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Glykosid" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikozydy" title="Glikozydy – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Glikozydy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%89" title="گلیکوزیډ – pachto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="گلیکوزیډ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pachto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glicos%C3%ADdeo" title="Glicosídeo – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Glicosídeo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glicozid%C4%83" title="Glicozidă – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Glicozidă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Гликозиды – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гликозиды" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikozidi" title="Glikozidi – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Glikozidi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykozid" title="Glykozid – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Glykozid" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikozid" title="Glikozid – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Glikozid" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Гликозид – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гликозид" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glykosid" title="Glykosid – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Glykosid" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Гликозидҳо – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гликозидҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikozit" title="Glikozit – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Glikozit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Гликозидтер – touvain" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Гликозидтер" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="touvain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Глікозиди – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Глікозиди" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikozidlar" title="Glikozidlar – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Glikozidlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoside" title="Glycoside – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Glycoside" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E8%8B%B7" title="糖苷 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="糖苷" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E7%B3%96%E9%AB%94" title="配糖體 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="配糖體" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-modere"><figure class="mw-halign-right noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:%C3%80_sourcer" title="Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus."><img alt="Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus.</figcaption></figure><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/45px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/68px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/90px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">ne cite pas suffisamment ses sources</a></strong> <small>(<time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-09" data-sort-value="2020-09">septembre 2020</time>).</small> </p><p>Si vous disposez d'ouvrages ou d'articles de référence ou si vous connaissez des sites web de qualité traitant du thème abordé ici, merci de compléter l'article en donnant les <b>références utiles à sa <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V%C3%A9rifiabilit%C3%A9" title="Wikipédia:Vérifiabilité">vérifiabilité</a></b> et en les liant à la section « <a href="/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence" title="Aide:Insérer une référence">Notes et références</a> ». </p><p><b>En pratique :</b> <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources#Qualité_des_sources" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">Quelles sources sont attendues ?</a> <a href="/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_(%C3%89diteur_visuel)" title="Aide:Insérer une référence (Éditeur visuel)">Comment ajouter mes sources ?</a> </p> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Salicin-perspective-2D-skeletal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Salicin-perspective-2D-skeletal.png/220px-Salicin-perspective-2D-skeletal.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Salicin-perspective-2D-skeletal.png/330px-Salicin-perspective-2D-skeletal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Salicin-perspective-2D-skeletal.png/440px-Salicin-perspective-2D-skeletal.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="730" /></a><figcaption> La <a href="/wiki/Salicyline" title="Salicyline">salicyline</a> est un hétéroside de <a href="/wiki/Glucose" title="Glucose">glucose</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Les <b>hétérosides</b> (ou glycosides) sont des <a href="/wiki/Mol%C3%A9cule" title="Molécule">molécules</a> nées de la <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9action_de_condensation" title="Réaction de condensation">condensation</a> d’un sucre (<a href="/wiki/Ose" title="Ose">ose</a>, alors qualifié de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glycone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glycone (page inexistante)">glycone</a>) et d'une substance non <a href="/wiki/Glucide" title="Glucide">glucidique</a> (appelées <a href="/wiki/Aglycone" title="Aglycone">aglycone</a> ou <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9nine" class="mw-redirect" title="Génine">génine</a>). Ces deux éléments sont réunis par une liaison dite glycosidique dont le type définit une classification du glycoside. La liaison peut être de type O- (définissant un O-glycoside), de type N- (définissant une glycosylamine), de type S- (définissant un thioglycoside ex. <a href="/wiki/Glucosinolate" title="Glucosinolate">glucosinolate</a>), ou de type C- (définissant un C-glycoside). Cette liaison peut être rompue par <a href="/wiki/Hydrolyse" title="Hydrolyse">hydrolyse</a>, qui sépare donc glycone et génine. </p><p>La glycone (la partie « sucre » du glycoside) peut être un <a href="/wiki/Sucre_simple" title="Sucre simple">sucre simple</a> (le glycoside est alors un <a href="/wiki/Monosaccharide" class="mw-redirect" title="Monosaccharide">monosaccharide</a>) ou comporter plusieurs sucres (le glycoside est alors un <a href="/wiki/Oligosaccharide" title="Oligosaccharide">oligosaccharide</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Polysaccharide" title="Polysaccharide">polysaccharide</a>). </p><p>L'aglycone (partie non sucrée = génine) peut être de nature chimique très variée : il peut s'agir d'un <a href="/wiki/Alcool_(chimie)" title="Alcool (chimie)">alcool</a>, d'un <a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%A9nol_(groupe)" title="Phénol (groupe)">phénol</a>, d'une substance à fonction <a href="/wiki/Amine_(chimie)" title="Amine (chimie)">aminée</a> ou à fonction <a href="/wiki/Thiol" title="Thiol">thiol</a>, d'un <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9ro%C3%AFde" title="Stéroïde">stéroïde</a>, etc. C'est elle qui confère à l'hétéroside l'essentiel de ses propriétés spécifiques (thérapeutiques ou toxiques par exemple). </p><p>Exemples : </p> <ul><li>les hétérosides de la <a href="/wiki/Digitale" title="Digitale">digitale</a> : <a href="/wiki/Digoxine" title="Digoxine">digoxine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digitoxine" title="Digitoxine">digitoxine ou <i>digitaline</i></a>, gitoxine, etc. ;</li> <li>les autres hétérosides <a href="/wiki/Cardiotonique" title="Cardiotonique">cardiotoniques</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ol%C3%A9andrine" title="Oléandrine">oléandrine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Laurier-rose" title="Laurier-rose">laurier-rose</a>) ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convallatoxine" title="Convallatoxine">convallatoxine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Muguet_de_mai" title="Muguet de mai">muguet de mai</a>) ;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scillarine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scillarine (page inexistante)">scillarine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Scille_maritime" title="Scille maritime">scille maritime</a>) ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strophantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Strophantine">strophantine</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Strophanthus_gratus" title="Strophanthus gratus">Strophanthus gratus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acokanthera_oblongifolia" title="Acokanthera oblongifolia">Acokanthera oblongifolia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acokanthera_ouabaio" class="mw-redirect" title="Acokanthera ouabaio">Acokanthera ouabaio</a></i>);</li> <li>etc.</li></ul></li> <li>les <a href="/wiki/Saponine" title="Saponine">saponines</a> ;</li> <li>etc.</li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hétérosides_cardiotoniques"><span id="H.C3.A9t.C3.A9rosides_cardiotoniques"></span>Hétérosides cardiotoniques</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Hétérosides cardiotoniques" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Hétérosides cardiotoniques"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé : <a href="/wiki/Glycoside_cardiotonique" class="mw-redirect" title="Glycoside cardiotonique">Glycoside cardiotonique</a>.</div></div> <p>Substance d'origine végétale à structure <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9ro%C3%AFde" title="Stéroïde">stéroïdique</a> qui exerce, entre autres, son action sur le <a href="/wiki/C%C5%93ur" title="Cœur">cœur</a> en augmentant la contraction du <a href="/wiki/Muscle" title="Muscle">muscle</a> cardiaque (et donc le débit du cœur), en ralentissant le rythme cardiaque et en diminuant la résistance artérielle ; ces médicaments, par exemple la <a href="/wiki/Digitaline" class="mw-redirect" title="Digitaline">digitaline</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> sont très utiles dans certaines <a href="/wiki/Insuffisances_cardiaques" class="mw-redirect" title="Insuffisances cardiaques">insuffisances cardiaques</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hétérosides_cyanogénétiques"><span id="H.C3.A9t.C3.A9rosides_cyanog.C3.A9n.C3.A9tiques"></span>Hétérosides cyanogénétiques</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Hétérosides cyanogénétiques" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Hétérosides cyanogénétiques"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ce sont des substances d'origine végétale qui par hydrolyse, libèrent de l'<a href="/wiki/Cyanure_d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne" title="Cyanure d'hydrogène">acide cyanhydrique</a> (très toxique). Les <a href="/wiki/Glycoside_cyanog%C3%A8ne" title="Glycoside cyanogène">hétérosides cyanogénétiques</a> sont fréquents chez de nombreuses plantes (<a href="/wiki/Foug%C3%A8re" class="mw-redirect" title="Fougère">fougères</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gymnosperme" title="Gymnosperme">gymnospermes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosaceae" title="Rosaceae">Rosaceae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabaceae" title="Fabaceae">Fabaceae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poaceae" title="Poaceae">Poaceae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Araceae" title="Araceae">Araceae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Euphorbiaceae" title="Euphorbiaceae">Euphorbiaceae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Passifloraceae" title="Passifloraceae">Passifloraceae</a>). Quelques exemples : noyau de <a href="/wiki/P%C3%AAche_(fruit)" title="Pêche (fruit)">pêche</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Cerise" title="Cerise">cerise</a> ou d'<a href="/wiki/Abricot" title="Abricot">abricot</a>, pépins de <a href="/wiki/Pommes" class="mw-redirect" title="Pommes">pommes</a>, amandes amères, graines de lin, <a href="/wiki/Manioc" title="Manioc">manioc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sorgo_commun" title="Sorgo commun">sorgho</a>. Sur le plan chimique on distingue deux familles d'hétérosides cyanogénétiques : ceux qui libèrent par hydrolyse de l'acétone (graines de lin, <a href="/wiki/Haricot_de_Lima" title="Haricot de Lima">haricot de Lima</a> : Linamaroside) et ceux qui libèrent par hydrolyse de l'aldéhyde benzoïque (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Prulaurasine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prulaurasine (page inexistante)">prulaurasine</a> dans le <a href="/wiki/Laurier-cerise" title="Laurier-cerise">laurier-cerise</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Durrhine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Durrhine (page inexistante)">durrhine</a> du sorgho, <a href="/wiki/Amygdaloside" class="mw-redirect" title="Amygdaloside">amygdaloside</a> des amandes amères, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Viscianoside&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viscianoside (page inexistante)">viscianoside</a> de la vesce, …). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hétérosides_anthracéniques"><span id="H.C3.A9t.C3.A9rosides_anthrac.C3.A9niques"></span>Hétérosides anthracéniques</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Hétérosides anthracéniques" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Hétérosides anthracéniques"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ce sont des dérivés de l'anthracène, molécule à propriété laxative et purgative. On les trouve dans les plantes. </p> <ul><li>soit sous forme de génines (ou aglycones)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> libres</li> <li>soit sous forme d'hétérosides.</li></ul> <p>On distingue les : </p> <ul><li>O-hétérosides : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franguloside&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franguloside (page inexistante)">frangulosides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sennoside" title="Sennoside">sennosides</a>…</li> <li>C-hétérosides : <a href="/wiki/Alo%C3%AFne" title="Aloïne">aloïnes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nothofagine" title="Nothofagine">nothofagine</a>, aspalathine…</li> <li>O-hétérosides de C-hétérosides : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascaroside&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cascaroside (page inexistante)">cascarosides</a>.</li></ul> <p>Selon la dose utilisée, les hétérosides anthracéniques ont une action laxative, purgative ou drastique. </p><p>Exemples de drogues à hétérosides anthracéniques : </p> <table class="wikitable alternance"> <caption>Principales drogues à dérivés anthracéniques </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Plante </th> <th scope="col">Nom latin </th> <th scope="col">Drogues végétales </th> <th scope="col">Principes actifs </th> <th scope="col">Propriétés </th> <th scope="col">Emplois </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Alo%C3%A8s" title="Aloès">aloès</a> (plante à feuilles épaisses) </th> <td><i>Aloe ferox</i>, <i>Aloe vera</i> </td> <td>Suc épaissi des feuilles </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alo%C3%AFne" title="Aloïne">Aloïnes</a> </td> <td>Faible dose : Cholagogue <p>Eupeptique Forte dose : Laxatif Purgatif </p> </td> <td>Digestif, traitement des constipations occasionnelles IDEOLAXYL* </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bourdaine" title="Bourdaine">bourdaine</a> (arbuste) </th> <td><i>Frangula dodonei</i> </td> <td>Écorce séchée </td> <td>Frangulosides </td> <td>Laxatif ou purgatif selon la dose </td> <td>Tisane, dragées <p>BOLDOFLORINE*, FUCA*, REX* Constipation exceptionnelle </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cascara_(arbre)" title="Cascara (arbre)">cascara</a> (petit arbuste) </th> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Rhamnus" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhamnus">Rhamnus</a> purshiana</i> </td> <td>Écorce séchée </td> <td>Cascarosides </td> <td>Laxatif ou purgatif selon la dose </td> <td>REX*, FUCA* </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9n%C3%A9_(plante)" title="Séné (plante)">séné</a> (arbrisseau buissonnant) </th> <td><i>Cassia angustifolia</i> </td> <td>Foliole et fruit </td> <td>Sennosides </td> <td>Drastique </td> <td>Constipation très occasionnelle <p>tisane de folioles </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Rhubarbe" title="Rhubarbe">rhubarbe</a> (plante herbacée) </th> <td><i>Rheum officinale</i> </td> <td>Racine et rhizome </td> <td>Hétérosides anthracéniques </td> <td>Laxatif ou purgatif et stomachique </td> <td>Constipation occasionnelle </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cassia" title="Cassia">casse</a> (arbre tropical) <br /> canéficier </th> <td><i>Cassia fistula</i> </td> <td>Pulpe du fruit </td> <td>Hétérosides anthracéniques <p>+ Pectine + Mucilage </p> </td> <td>Laxatif + diurétique </td> <td>Constipation occasionnelle </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/h%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside" class="extiw" title="wikt:hétéroside">hétéroside</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.futura-sciences.com/sciences/definitions/chimie-heteroside-7563/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Définition - Hétéroside</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Futura</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-11-11" data-sort-value="2023-11-11">11 novembre 2023</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/h%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside/39815">https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/h%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside/39815</a></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9t%C3%A9roside&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Techno-Science.net">Techno-Science.net, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techno-science.net/definition/5915.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">🔎 Hétéroside : définition et explications</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Techno-Science.net</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-11-11" data-sort-value="2023-11-11">11 novembre 2023</time>)</small></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressources relatives à la santé<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192639?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D006027"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Medical Subject Headings</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI%20Thesaurus&code=C45653"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">NCI Thesaurus</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/heterosides/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">HÉTÉROSIDES - Index</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Universalis" title="Encyclopædia Universalis">universalis.fr</a></span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-11-11" data-sort-value="2023-11-11">11 novembre 2023</time>)</small></span></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Chimie" title="Portail de la chimie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/36px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/48px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Chimie" title="Portail:Chimie">Portail de la chimie</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Plantes_utiles" title="Portail des plantes utiles"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/MOREmoji_lime.svg/24px-MOREmoji_lime.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/MOREmoji_lime.svg/36px-MOREmoji_lime.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/MOREmoji_lime.svg/48px-MOREmoji_lime.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <span 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