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更好发挥文物的当代价值和作用--理论-中国共产党新闻网

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=GB2312"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="utf-8" /> <meta content="all" name="robots" /> <title>更好发挥文物的当代价值和作用--理论-中国共产党新闻网</title> <meta name="renderer" content="webkit"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1" /> <meta name="keywords" content="文物保护法 文物资源 文物利用 文物收藏 中国式现代化 文物工作 当代价值 文物价值 文物保护单位,更好发挥文物的当代价值和作用--理论" /> <meta name="description" content="  11月8日,新修订的《文物保护法》公布。这是《文物保护法》自1982年实施以来的第二次全面修订,距离2002年首次修订已有22年。本次修订坚持问题导向,着力解决实践中存在的突出问题。其中推动文物有,更好发挥文物的当代价值和作用--理论" /> <meta name="filetype" content="0" /> <meta name="publishedtype" content="1" /> <meta name="pagetype" content="1" /> <meta name="catalogs" content="40531" /> <meta name="contentid" content="40368059" /> <meta name="publishdate" content="2024-11-24" /> <meta name="author" content="103411" /> <meta name="source" content="来源:光明日报" /> <meta name="editor" content=""> <meta name="sourcetype" content=""> 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src="/img/MAIN/2020/12/120684/images/share.png" alt="" style=""> </i> </em> </div> </div> <div class="p2j_con03 clearfix g-w1200"> <div class="text_con text_con01"> <div class="text_c"> <h3 id="jtitle"></h3> <h1>更好发挥文物的当代价值和作用</h1> <h2 id="ftitle"></h2> <p class="sou1">王云霞</p> <p class="sou">2024年11月24日08:21&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;来源:<a href="https://epaper.gmw.cn/gmrb/html/2024-11/24/nw.D110000gmrb_20241124_2-11.htm" target="_blank">光明日报</a></p> <!--结束提示--> <!--正文图--> <div class="text_img"></div> <!--结束正文图--> <div class="show_text"> <div class="bza"><span></span><p></p></div> <div class="otitle">原标题:更好发挥文物的当代价值和作用</div><p>   11月8日,新修订的《文物保护法》公布。这是《文物保护法》自1982年实施以来的第二次全面修订,距离2002年首次修订已有22年。本次修订坚持问题导向,着力解决实践中存在的突出问题。其中推动文物有效利用的相关内容无疑是一大亮点。</p> <p>   正确处理保护与利用的关系,是文物工作的重点问题,也是文物法治建设的关键内容。2002年修订的《文物保护法》规定了“保护为主、抢救第一、合理利用、加强管理”的文物工作方针,强调文物利用必须“合理”,以防止因不当利用使文物遭受破坏。进入新时代,实现中国式现代化,丰富人民的精神世界,必须切实提高文物保护力度,更加注重文物利用的效果和效率,更好发挥文物的当代价值和作用。在此背景下,新修订的《文物保护法》在继续强调文物要“合理利用”的基础上,明确提出文物应当“有效利用”,并将其作为国家发展文物保护事业的工作要求的重要组成部分。</p> <p>   文物有效利用必须以确保文物安全为前提。本次修订在增加许多强化文物保护管理措施的同时,明确规定:“国家鼓励开展文物利用研究,在确保文物安全的前提下,坚持社会效益优先,有效利用文物资源,提供多样化多层次的文化产品与服务”,为文物有效利用指明了发展方向;明确要求“基本建设、旅游发展必须把文物保护放在第一位,严格落实文物保护与安全管理规定,防止建设性破坏和过度商业化”,为文物有效利用设置了安全底线。</p> <p>   文物有效利用必须坚持社会效益优先。社会效益优先,就是要注重发挥文物的公共文化服务和社会教育功能,不能一味追求经济利益,更不能对文物资源进行掠夺式开发。新修订的《文物保护法》明确规定,“为保护不可移动文物建立的博物馆、纪念馆、文物保管所、考古遗址公园等单位,应当加强对不可移动文物价值的挖掘阐释,开展有针对性的宣传讲解”;要求文物收藏单位充分发挥馆藏文物的作用,通过举办展览、科学研究、文化创意等活动,加强对中华民族优秀历史文化和革命传统的宣传教育,为开展教育教学、科学研究等活动提供支持和帮助。同时,本次修订重申了已经“建立博物馆、文物保管所或者辟为参观游览场所的国有不可移动文物,不得改作企业资产经营”,并在此基础上进一步规定:不可移动文物管理机构不得改由企业管理;依托历史文化街区、村镇进行旅游等开发建设活动的,应当严格落实相关保护规划和保护措施,控制大规模搬迁,防止过度开发,加强整体保护和活态传承。上述规定确保了文物资源的公益属性不被削弱,从而为不可移动文物经营活动划出了边界。</p> <p>   文物有效利用必须提高文物的利用率。与日益发展的数字化技术相适应,新修订的《文物保护法》规定:“国家加强文物保护信息化建设,鼓励开展文物保护数字化工作,推进文物资源数字化采集和展示利用。”为提高文物资源的可及性,本次修订强调文物保护单位应当尽量向社会开放,并积极为游客提供必要的便利;要求博物馆按照国家有关规定向公众开放,提供科学、准确、生动的文字说明和讲解服务。为提高馆藏文物利用率,进一步让文物活起来,本次修订鼓励文物收藏单位通过文创产品开发、数字化利用等创新手段发挥馆藏文物的社会价值,通过借用、交换、在线展览等方式,为公众提供更多更好的欣赏馆藏文物机会。此外,本次修订新增的鼓励社会力量参与文化遗产保护相关规定,也将在一定程度上促进文物的有效利用。社会力量在不可移动文物保护利用、文物收藏与展示、文化创意产品与服务等方面的积极参与,将极大提高文物资源的利用率,使中华优秀传统文化得到更好的传播和传承。</p> <p>   优化利用效果、提高利用效率,无疑是推动文物有效利用的应有之义。优化文物利用效果,需要更好开展文物的价值发掘和价值阐释工作;提高文物利用效率,需要更好地建章立制、规范日常管理工作。期待修订后的《文物保护法》得到全面严格地贯彻实施,切实推动文物保护利用相关工作高质量发展,夯实文化遗产系统性保护工作基础。</p> <p>   <strong>(作者:王云霞,系中央民族大学特聘教授、中国人民大学法学院教授)</strong></p> </div> <div class="edit">(责编:万鹏、代晓灵)</div> <!--推荐阅读 --> <div id="rwb_tjyd"> </div> <!--推荐阅读 end--> <div class="clearfix text_like"> </div> <div class="clearfix box_cai"> </div> </div> <!--结束正文--> </div> <div class="fr"> <div class="p3Calendar"> <div class="p3CalendarTop"> <a href="http://cpc.people.com.cn/GB/64192/105996/390438/index.html"></a> </div> <div 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