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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button 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class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Golden Fleece</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="الصوف الذهبي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الصوف الذهبي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C4%B1z%C4%B1l_yun" title="Qızıl yun – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qızıl yun" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Златно руно – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Златно руно" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoutken_aour" title="Maoutken aour – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Maoutken aour" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vell%C3%B3_d%27or" title="Velló d'or – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Velló d'or" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlat%C3%A9_rouno" title="Zlaté rouno – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zlaté rouno" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_Gyldne_Skind" title="Det Gyldne Skind – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Det Gyldne Skind" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldenes_Vlies" title="Goldenes Vlies – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Goldenes Vlies" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuldvillak" title="Kuldvillak – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kuldvillak" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CF%81%CF%85%CF%83%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%B4%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Χρυσόμαλλο δέρας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χρυσόμαλλο δέρας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellocino_de_oro" title="Vellocino de oro – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vellocino de oro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ora_%C5%9Daffelo" title="Ora ŝaffelo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ora ŝaffelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urrezko_ahari-larrua" title="Urrezko ahari-larrua – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Urrezko ahari-larrua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B4%D9%85_%D8%B2%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="پشم زرین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پشم زرین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toison_d%27or" title="Toison d'or – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Toison d'or" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lomra_an_%C3%93ir" title="Lomra an Óir – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Lomra an Óir" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9laro_de_ouro" title="Vélaro de ouro – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vélaro de ouro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%A9%EA%B8%88_%EC%96%91%EB%AA%A8" title="황금 양모 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="황금 양모" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%A5_%D5%A3%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%B4" title="Ոսկե գեղմ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ոսկե գեղմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlatno_runo" title="Zlatno runo – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zlatno runo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulu_Domba_Emas" title="Bulu Domba Emas – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bulu Domba Emas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gullna_reyfi%C3%B0" title="Gullna reyfið – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gullna reyfið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vello_d%27oro" title="Vello d'oro – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vello d'oro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%99%D7%96%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%96%D7%94%D7%91" title="גיזת הזהב – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גיזת הזהב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AC%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ოქროს საწმისი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოქროს საწმისი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellus_aureum" title="Vellus aureum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vellus aureum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lana_Oro" title="Lana Oro – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Lana Oro" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aranygyapj%C3%BA" title="Aranygyapjú – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Aranygyapjú" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Златно руно – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Златно руно" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BD%E1%80%BE%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%BD%E1%80%BE%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8" title="ရွှေရောင်သိုးမွှေး – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရွှေရောင်သိုးမွှေး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulden_vlies_(mythologie)" title="Gulden vlies (mythologie) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gulden vlies (mythologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%BE%8A%E6%AF%9B" title="金羊毛 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="金羊毛" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_gylne_skinn" title="Det gylne skinn – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det gylne skinn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tou%C3%A9son_d%27or" title="Touéson d'or – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Touéson d'or" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aus_d%27aur" title="Aus d'aur – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aus d'aur" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C5%82ote_runo" title="Złote runo – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Złote runo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velo_de_ouro" title="Velo de ouro – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Velo de ouro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A2na_de_Aur" title="Lâna de Aur – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lâna de Aur" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Золотое руно – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Золотое руно" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Fleece" title="Golden Fleece – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Golden Fleece" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlat%C3%A9_r%C3%BAno" title="Zlaté rúno – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zlaté rúno" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlato_runo" title="Zlato runo – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zlato runo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlatno_runo" title="Zlatno runo – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zlatno runo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultainen_talja" title="Kultainen talja – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kultainen talja" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyllene_skinnet" title="Gyllene skinnet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gyllene skinnet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3" title="ขนแกะทองคำ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ขนแกะทองคำ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alt%C4%B1n_Post" title="Altın Post – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Altın Post" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Золоте руно – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Золоте руно" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%BE%8A%E6%AF%9B" title="金羊毛 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="金羊毛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Artefact in Greek mythology, part of the Argonauts' tale</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Golden_Fleece_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Golden Fleece (disambiguation)">Golden Fleece (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jason_Pelias_Louvre_K127.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Jason_Pelias_Louvre_K127.jpg/200px-Jason_Pelias_Louvre_K127.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="277" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Jason_Pelias_Louvre_K127.jpg/300px-Jason_Pelias_Louvre_K127.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Jason_Pelias_Louvre_K127.jpg/400px-Jason_Pelias_Louvre_K127.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1915" data-file-height="2650" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a> returns with the Golden Fleece, shown on an <a href="/wiki/Apulia" title="Apulia">Apulian</a> <a href="/wiki/Red-figure_pottery" title="Red-figure pottery">red-figure</a> <a href="/wiki/Krater" title="Krater">calyx krater</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 340</span>–330 BC</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, the <b>Golden Fleece</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Χρυσόμαλλον δέρας</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Ancient_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Ancient Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Khrysómallon déras</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'Golden-haired pelt') is the <a href="/wiki/Wool" title="Wool">fleece</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">golden</a>-woolled,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> winged <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">ram</a>, <b>Chrysomallos</b>, that rescued <a href="/wiki/Phrixus" title="Phrixus">Phrixus</a> and brought him to <a href="/wiki/Colchis" title="Colchis">Colchis</a>, where Phrixus then sacrificed it to <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>. Phrixus gave the fleece to King <a href="/wiki/Ae%C3%ABtes" title="Aeëtes">Aeëtes</a> who kept it in a sacred grove, whence <a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a> stole it with the help of <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a>, Aeëtes' daughter. The fleece is a symbol of authority and kingship. </p><p>In the historical account, the hero Jason and his crew of Argonauts set out on a quest for the fleece by order of King <a href="/wiki/Pelias" title="Pelias">Pelias</a> in order to place Jason rightfully on the throne of <a href="/wiki/Iolcus" title="Iolcus">Iolcus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Thessaly" title="Thessaly">Thessaly</a>. Through the help of <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a>, they acquire the Golden Fleece. The story is of great antiquity and was current in the time of <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a> (eighth century BC). It survives in various forms, among which the details vary. </p><p>Nowadays, the heraldic variations of the Golden Fleece are featured frequently in <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>, especially for Coats of Arms and Flags associated with Western Georgian (Historical Colchis) municipalities and cities, including the Coats of Arms of City of <a href="/wiki/Kutaisi" title="Kutaisi">Kutaisi</a>, the ancient capital city of Colchis. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_Fleece&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:16.0em"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;color:black;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Category:Ancient Greek religion">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#005daa">Greek mythology</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theseus slays the Minotaur under the gaze of Athena"><img alt="Theseus slays the Minotaur under the gaze of Athena" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg/195px-Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg/293px-Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg/390px-Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2025" data-file-height="2025" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><i>Theseus slays the Minotaur under the gaze of Athena</i></div></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;color:black;;background-color:#cef2e0; color: black;"> Deities</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_primordial_deities" title="Greek primordial deities">Primordial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Olympians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">Nymphs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_water_deities" title="Greek water deities">Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chthonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chthonic">Chthonic</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;color:black;;background-color:#cef2e0; color: black;"> Heroes and heroism</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labours_of_Heracles" class="mw-redirect" title="Labours of Heracles">Labours</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles" title="Achilles">Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector" title="Hector">Hector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diomedes" title="Diomedes">Diomedes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Golden Fleece</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perseus" title="Perseus">Perseus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgon" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgon">Gorgon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oedipus" title="Oedipus">Oedipus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sphinx" title="Sphinx">Sphinx</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orphism_(religion)" title="Orphism (religion)">Orphism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellerophon" title="Bellerophon">Bellerophon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus" title="Pegasus">Pegasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_(mythology)" title="Chimera (mythology)">Chimera</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daedalus" title="Daedalus">Daedalus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labyrinth" title="Labyrinth">Labyrinth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atalanta" title="Atalanta">Atalanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippomenes" title="Hippomenes">Hippomenes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_apple" title="Golden apple">Golden apple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Greece" title="Thebes, Greece">Thebes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a></li> <li><a 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazons" title="Amazons">Amazons</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;color:black;;background-color:#cef2e0; color: black;"> Related</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satyr" title="Satyr">Satyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centaur" title="Centaur">Centaurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragons_in_Greek_mythology" title="Dragons in Greek mythology">Dragons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demogorgon" title="Demogorgon">Demogorgon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Ancient Greek religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mycenaean_deities" title="List of Mycenaean deities">List of Mycenaean deities</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Parthenon_from_west.jpg/16px-Parthenon_from_west.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Parthenon_from_west.jpg/24px-Parthenon_from_west.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Parthenon_from_west.jpg/32px-Parthenon_from_west.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ancient_Greece" title="Portal:Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece portal</a><br /> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Draig.svg/16px-Draig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Draig.svg/24px-Draig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Draig.svg/32px-Draig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="713" data-file-height="475" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Myths" title="Portal:Myths">Myths portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_mythology_sidebar" title="Template:Greek mythology sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_mythology_sidebar" title="Template talk:Greek mythology sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_mythology_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek mythology sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Athamas" title="Athamas">Athamas</a> the founder of Thessaly, but also king of the city of <a href="/wiki/Orchomenus_(Boeotia)" title="Orchomenus (Boeotia)">Orchomenus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotia</a> (a region of southeastern <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>), took the goddess <a href="/wiki/Nephele" title="Nephele">Nephele</a> as his first wife. They had two children, the boy <a href="/wiki/Phrixus" title="Phrixus">Phrixus</a> (whose name means "curly", as in the texture of the ram's fleece) and the girl <a href="/wiki/Helle_(mythology)" title="Helle (mythology)">Helle</a>. Later Athamas became enamored of and married <a href="/wiki/Ino_(Greek_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ino (Greek mythology)">Ino</a>, the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a>. When Nephele left in anger, drought came upon the land. </p><p>Ino was jealous of her stepchildren and plotted their deaths; in some versions, she persuaded Athamas that sacrificing Phrixus was the only way to end the drought. Nephele, or her spirit, appeared to the children with a winged ram whose fleece was of <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ram had been sired by <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a> in his primitive ram-form upon <a href="/wiki/Theophane" title="Theophane">Theophane</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">nymph</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the granddaughter of <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a>, the sun-god. According to <a href="/wiki/Hyginus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyginus">Hyginus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Poseidon carried Theophane to an island where he made her into a ewe so that he could have his way with her among the flocks. There Theophane's other suitors could not distinguish the ram-god and his consort.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nephele's children escaped on the yellow ram over the sea, but Helle fell off and drowned in the strait now named after her, the <a href="/wiki/Hellespont" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellespont">Hellespont</a>. The ram spoke to Phrixus, encouraging him,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and took the boy safely to <a href="/wiki/Colchis" title="Colchis">Colchis</a> (modern-day south-east coastal region of the Black Sea), on the easternmost shore of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Euxine (Black) Sea</a>. There the ram was sacrificed to gods. In essence, this act returned the ram to the god Poseidon, and the ram became the <a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">constellation</a> <a href="/wiki/Aries_(constellation)" title="Aries (constellation)">Aries</a>. </p><p>Phrixus settled in the house of <a href="/wiki/Ae%C3%ABtes" title="Aeëtes">Aeëtes</a>, son of Helios the sun god. He hung the Golden Fleece preserved from the ram on an <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a> in a grove sacred to <a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a>, the god of war and one of the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a>. The fleece was guarded by a never-sleeping dragon with teeth that could become soldiers when planted in the ground. The dragon was at the foot of the tree on which the fleece was placed.<sup id="cite_ref-Godwin_41_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Godwin_41-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In some versions of the story, <a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a> attempts to put the guard serpent to sleep. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution_of_plot">Evolution of plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_Fleece&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Evolution of plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a> employed the quest for the Golden Fleece in his Fourth Pythian Ode (written in 462 BC), though the fleece is not in the foreground. When Aeëtes challenges Jason to yoke the fire-breathing bulls, the fleece is the prize: "Let the King do this, the captain of the ship! Let him do this, I say, and have for his own the immortal coverlet, the fleece, glowing with matted skeins of gold".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In later versions of the story, the ram is said to have been the offspring of the sea god <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Themisto" title="Themisto">Themisto</a> (less often, <a href="/wiki/Nephele" title="Nephele">Nephele</a> or <a href="/wiki/Theophane" title="Theophane">Theophane</a>). The classic telling is the <i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Rhodes" title="Apollonius of Rhodes">Apollonius of Rhodes</a>, composed in the mid-third century BC <a href="/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria">Alexandria</a>, recasting early sources that have not survived. Another, much less-known Argonautica, using the same body of myth, was composed in Latin by <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Valerius_Flaccus" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaius Valerius Flaccus">Valerius Flaccus</a> during the time of <a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a>. </p><p>Where the written sources fail, through accidents of history, sometimes the continuity of a mythic tradition can be found among the vase-painters. The story of the Golden Fleece appeared to have little resonance for Athenians of the Classic age, for only two representations of it on Attic-painted wares of the fifth century have been identified: a <i><a href="/wiki/Krater" title="Krater">krater</a></i> at the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> and a <i><a href="/wiki/Kylix_(drinking_cup)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kylix (drinking cup)">kylix</a></i> in the Vatican collections.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <i>kylix</i> painted by Douris, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 480</span>–470, Jason is being disgorged from the mouth of the dragon, a detail that does not fit easily into the literary sources; behind the dragon, the fleece hangs from an apple tree. Jason's helper in the Athenian vase-paintings is not <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a>— who had a history in Athens as the opponent of <a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a>—but <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interpretations">Interpretations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_Fleece&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Interpretations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A long time ago, fleeces were considered very important. </p><p>Several <a href="/wiki/Euhemerism" title="Euhemerism">euhemeristic</a> attempts to interpret the Golden Fleece "realistically" as reflecting some physical cultural object or alleged historical practice have been made. For example, in the 20th century, some scholars suggested that the story of the Golden Fleece signified the bringing of <a href="/wiki/Animal_husbandry" title="Animal husbandry">sheep husbandry</a> to Greece from the east;<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in other readings, scholars theorized it referred to golden grain,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or to the Sun.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Placermine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Placermine.jpg/220px-Placermine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Placermine.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="273" data-file-height="194" /></a><figcaption>A sluice box used in placer mining</figcaption></figure> <p>A more widespread interpretation relates the myth of the fleece to a method of washing gold from streams, which was well attested (but only from <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 5th century BC</span>) in the region of <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> to the east of the Black Sea. Sheep fleeces, sometimes stretched over a wooden frame, would be submerged in the stream, and <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a> flecks borne down from upstream <a href="/wiki/Placer_mining" title="Placer mining">placer</a> deposits would collect in them. The fleeces would be hung in trees to dry before the gold was shaken or combed out. Alternatively, the fleeces would be used on washing tables in <a href="/wiki/Alluvial" class="mw-redirect" title="Alluvial">alluvial</a> <a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">mining</a> of gold or on washing tables at deep <a href="/wiki/Gold_mine" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold mine">gold mines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>j<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Judging by the very early gold objects from a range of cultures, washing for gold is a very old human activity. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> describes the way in which gold could be washed: </p> <blockquote><p>It is said that in their country gold is carried down by the mountain torrents, and that the barbarians obtain it by means of perforated <a href="/wiki/Watering_trough" title="Watering trough">troughs</a> and fleecy skins, and that this is the origin of the myth of the golden fleece—unless they call them <a href="/wiki/Caucasian_Iberians" class="mw-redirect" title="Caucasian Iberians">Iberians</a>, by the same name as the <a href="/wiki/Iberians" title="Iberians">western Iberians</a>, from the gold mines in both countries.</p></blockquote> <p>Another interpretation is based on the references in some versions to purple or purple-dyed cloth. The purple dye extracted from the <a href="/wiki/Purple_dye_murex" class="mw-redirect" title="Purple dye murex">purple dye murex</a> snail and related species was highly prized in ancient times. Clothing made of cloth dyed with <a href="/wiki/Tyrian_purple" title="Tyrian purple">Tyrian purple</a> was a mark of great wealth and high station (hence the phrase "royal purple"). The association of gold with purple is natural and occurs frequently in literature.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>k<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Main_theories">Main theories</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_Fleece&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Main theories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jason_being_saved_by_Athena_from_the_dragon,_Attic_red-figured_kylix,_attributed_to_Douris,_480-470_BC,_inv._16545_-_Museo_Gregoriano_Etrusco_-_Vatican_Museums_-_DSC01046_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Jason_being_saved_by_Athena_from_the_dragon%2C_Attic_red-figured_kylix%2C_attributed_to_Douris%2C_480-470_BC%2C_inv._16545_-_Museo_Gregoriano_Etrusco_-_Vatican_Museums_-_DSC01046_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Jason_being_saved_by_Athena_from_the_dragon%2C_Attic_red-figured_kylix%2C_attributed_to_Douris%2C_480-470_BC%2C_inv._16545_-_Museo_Gregoriano_Etrusco_-_Vatican_Museums_-_DSC01046_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Jason_being_saved_by_Athena_from_the_dragon%2C_Attic_red-figured_kylix%2C_attributed_to_Douris%2C_480-470_BC%2C_inv._16545_-_Museo_Gregoriano_Etrusco_-_Vatican_Museums_-_DSC01046_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2180" data-file-height="2171" /></a><figcaption>Athena stands by as Jason is regurgitated by the dragon protecting the fleece (Douris cup, 480-470 BC, from <a href="/wiki/Cerveteri" title="Cerveteri">Cerveteri</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The following are the chief among the various interpretations of the fleece, with notes on sources and major critical discussions: </p> <ol><li>It represents royal power.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents the flayed skin of <a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Krios</a> ('Ram'), companion of <a href="/wiki/Phrixus" title="Phrixus">Phrixus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents a book on <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents a technique of writing in gold on parchment.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents a form of <a href="/wiki/Placer_mining" title="Placer mining">placer mining</a> practiced in Georgia, for example.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents the forgiveness of the Gods.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents a rain cloud.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bacon_refutes_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bacon_refutes-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents a land of golden grain.<sup id="cite_ref-Bacon_refutes_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bacon_refutes-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents the spring-hero.<sup id="cite_ref-Bacon_refutes_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bacon_refutes-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents the sea reflecting the sun.<sup id="cite_ref-Bacon_refutes_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bacon_refutes-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents the gilded prow of Phrixus' ship.<sup id="cite_ref-Bacon_refutes_37-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bacon_refutes-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents a breed of sheep in ancient Georgia.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents the riches imported from the East.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents the wealth or technology of Colchis.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It was a covering for a cult image of Zeus in the form of a ram.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents a fabric woven from <a href="/wiki/Sea_silk" title="Sea silk">sea silk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It is about a voyage from Greece, through the Mediterranean, across the Atlantic to the Americas.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>It represents trading fleece dyed murex-purple for Georgian gold.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_Fleece&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mythological_objects" title="List of mythological objects">List of mythological objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Absyrtus" title="Absyrtus">Absyrtus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_mining" title="Gold mining">Gold mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_Fleece" title="Order of the Golden Fleece">Order of the Golden Fleece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gideon" title="Gideon">Gideon</a>, another motif represented with fleece in Christian art</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_Fleece&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha" style="column-width: 32em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Χρυσόμαλλος</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Ancient_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Ancient Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Khrysómallos</i></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">That the ram was sent by <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> was the version heard by <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a> in the second century of the Christian era (Pausanias, ix.34.5).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Theophane</i> may equally be construed as "appearing as a goddess" or as "causing a god to appear".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Upon the shield of Jason, as it was described in Apollonius' <i>Argonautica</i>, "was Phrixos the <a href="/wiki/Minyans" title="Minyans">Minyan</a>, depicted as though really listening to the ram, and the ram seemed to be speaking. As you looked on this pair, you would be struck dumb with amazement and deceived, for you would expect to hear some wise utterance from them, with this hope you would gaze long upon them.".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vatican 16545</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gisela Richter published the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum</a> 's <i>krater</i> in: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRichter1935" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gisela_Richter" title="Gisela Richter">Richter, Gisela</a> (1935). "Jason and the Golden Fleece". <i>American Journal of Archaeology</i>. <b>39</b> (2): 182–84. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F498331">10.2307/498331</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/498331">498331</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Archaeology&rft.atitle=Jason+and+the+Golden+Fleece&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=182-84&rft.date=1935&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F498331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F498331%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Richter&rft.aufirst=Gisela&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Interpretation #12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Interpretation #8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Interpretation #10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Interpretation #5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Interpretation #17</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_Fleece&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kerenyi" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Kerenyi">Karl Kerenyi</a>, <i>The Heroes of the Greeks</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hyginus, <i>Fabulae</i>, 163</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Karl Kerenyi <i>The Gods of the Greeks</i>, (1951) 1980:182f</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard Hunter, tr. <i>Apollonius of Rhodes: Jason and the Golden Fleece</i>, (Oxford University Press) 1993:21)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Godwin_41-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Godwin_41_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_Godwin1876" class="citation book cs1">William Godwin (1876). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/livesnecromance04godwgoog"><i>Lives of the Necromancers</i></a>. London, F. J. Mason. p. 41.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lives+of+the+Necromancers&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=London%2C+F.+J.+Mason&rft.date=1876&rft.au=William+Godwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flivesnecromance04godwgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Translation in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholson2000" class="citation journal cs1">Nicholson, Nigel (Autumn–Winter 2000). "Polysemy and Ideology in Pindar 'Pythian' 4.229–30". <i>Phoenix</i>. <b>54</b> (3/4): 192. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1089054">10.2307/1089054</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1089054">1089054</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phoenix&rft.atitle=Polysemy+and+Ideology+in+Pindar+%27Pythian%27+4.229%E2%80%9330&rft.chron=fall%E2%80%93winter&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.pages=192&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1089054&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1089054%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Nicholson&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing1983" class="citation journal cs1">King, Cynthia (July 1983). "Who Is That Cloaked Man? Observations on Early Fifth Century B. C. Pictures of the Golden Fleece". <i>American Journal of Archaeology</i>. <b>87</b> (3): 385–87. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F504803">10.2307/504803</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/504803">504803</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:193032482">193032482</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Archaeology&rft.atitle=Who+Is+That+Cloaked+Man%3F+Observations+on+Early+Fifth+Century+B.+C.+Pictures+of+the+Golden+Fleece&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=385-87&rft.date=1983-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A193032482%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F504803%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F504803&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Cato_the_Elder" title="Cato the Elder">Marcus Porcius Cato</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Terentius_Varro" title="Marcus Terentius Varro">Marcus Terentius Varro</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/12140/12140-8.txt"><i>Roman Farm Management, The Treatises of Cato and Varro, in English, with Notes of Modern Instances</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBraund1994">Braund (1994)</a>, pp. 21–23</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPopko1974" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Popko, M. (1974). "Kult Swietego runa w hetyckiej Anatolii" [The Cult of the Golden Fleece in Hittite Anatolia]. <i>Preglad Orientalistyczuy</i> (in Russian). <b>91</b>: 225–30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Preglad+Orientalistyczuy&rft.atitle=Kult+Swietego+runa+w+hetyckiej+Anatolii&rft.volume=91&rft.pages=225-30&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Popko&rft.aufirst=M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Newman, John Kevin (2001) "The Golden Fleece. Imperial Dream" (Theodore Papanghelis and Antonios Rengakos (eds.). <i>A Companion to Apollonius Rhodius</i>. Leiden: Brill (<i><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne_(journal)" title="Mnemosyne (journal)">Mnemosyne Supplement</a></i> 217), 309–40)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLordkipanidze2001">Lordkipanidze (2001)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a> 4. 47; cf. <i>scholia on Apollonius Rhodius</i> 2. 1144; 4. 119, citing Dionysus' <i>Argonautica</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Palaephatus" title="Palaephatus">Palaephatus</a> (fourth century BC) 'On the Incredible' (Festa, N. (ed.) (1902) <i>Mythographi Graeca</i> III, 2, Lipsiae, p. 89</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/John_of_Antioch_(chronicler)" class="mw-redirect" title="John of Antioch (chronicler)">John of Antioch</a> fr.15.3 FHG (5.548)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Haraxes of Pergamum (c. first to sixth century) (Jacoby, F. (1923) <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Fragmente_der_griechischen_Historiker" class="mw-redirect" title="Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker">Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker</a></i> I (Berlin), IIA, 490, fr. 37)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> (first century BC) <i>Geography</i> I, 2, 39 (Jones, H.L. (ed.) (1969) <i>The Geography of Strabo (in eight volumes)</i> London <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0239&loc=11.2.19">"Strabo, Geography, NOTICE"</a>. Perseus.tufts.edu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strabo%2C+Geography%2C+NOTICE&rft.pub=Perseus.tufts.edu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fptext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.01.0239%26loc%3D11.2.19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTran1992" class="citation journal cs1">Tran, T (1992). "The Hydrometallurgy of Gold Processing". <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Interdisciplinary_Science_Reviews&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interdisciplinary Science Reviews (page does not exist)">Interdisciplinary Science Reviews</a></i>. <b>17</b> (4): 356–65. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992ISRv...17..356T">1992ISRv...17..356T</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1179%2Fisr.1992.17.4.356">10.1179/isr.1992.17.4.356</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interdisciplinary+Science+Reviews&rft.atitle=The+Hydrometallurgy+of+Gold+Processing&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=356-65&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1179%2Fisr.1992.17.4.356&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1992ISRv...17..356T&rft.aulast=Tran&rft.aufirst=T&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120403025125/http://www.minelinks.com/alluvial/goldClassic.html">"Gold – during the Classic Era"</a>. Minelinks.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minelinks.com/alluvial/goldClassic.html">the original</a> on 3 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gold+%E2%80%93+during+the+Classic+Era&rft.pub=Minelinks.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minelinks.com%2Falluvial%2FgoldClassic.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shuker, Karl P. N. (1997), <i>From Flying Toads To Snakes With Wings</i>, Llewellyn</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Renault" title="Mary Renault">Renault, Mary</a> (2004), <i>The Bull from the Sea</i>, Arrow (Rand)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">refuted in <a href="#CITEREFBraund1994">Braund (1994)</a>, p. 24 and <a href="#CITEREFLordkipanidze2001">Lordkipanidze (2001)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Otfried_M%C3%BCller" title="Karl Otfried Müller">Müller, Karl Otfried</a> (1844), <i>Orchomenos und die Minyer</i>, Breslau</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">refuted in <a href="#CITEREFBacon1925">Bacon (1925)</a>, pp. 64 ff, 163 ff</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forchhammer, P. 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(1899), <i>Argonautensage und Verwandtes</i>, Poznań</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vurthiem, V (1902), "De Argonautarum Vellere aureo", <i><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne_(journal)" title="Mnemosyne (journal)">Mnemosyne</a></i>, New Series, XXX, pp. 54–67; XXXI, p. 116</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Mannhardt" title="Wilhelm Mannhardt">Wilhelm Mannhardt</a>, in <i>Zeitschrift für Ethnologie</i>, VII, p. 241 ff, 281 ff</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSvoronos1914" class="citation journal cs1">Svoronos, M. (1914). <i>Journal International d'Archéologie Numismatique</i>. <b>XVI</b>: 81–152.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+International+d%27Arch%C3%A9ologie+Numismatique&rft.volume=XVI&rft.pages=81-152&rft.date=1914&rft.aulast=Svoronos&rft.aufirst=M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNinck1921" class="citation journal cs1">Ninck, M. 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"The last word on the Golden Fleece legend?". <i>Oxford Journal of Archaeology</i>. <b>10</b>: 57–60. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1468-0092.1991.tb00005.x">10.1111/j.1468-0092.1991.tb00005.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Journal+of+Archaeology&rft.atitle=The+last+word+on+the+Golden+Fleece+legend%3F&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=57-60&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1468-0092.1991.tb00005.x&rft.aulast=Ryder&rft.aufirst=M.L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith,_G.J.Smith,_A.J.1992" class="citation journal cs1">Smith, G.J.; Smith, A.J. (1992). "Jason's Golden Fleece". <i>Oxford Journal of Archaeology</i>. <b>11</b>: 119–20. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1468-0092.1992.tb00260.x">10.1111/j.1468-0092.1992.tb00260.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Journal+of+Archaeology&rft.atitle=Jason%27s+Golden+Fleece&rft.volume=11&rft.pages=119-20&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1468-0092.1992.tb00260.x&rft.au=Smith%2C+G.J.&rft.au=Smith%2C+A.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBacon1925">Bacon (1925)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Akaki Urushadze (1984), <i>The Country of the Enchantress Medea</i>, Tbilisi</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051125172255/http://www.lazuri.com/kolheti/en_index.php">"Untitled Document"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lazuri.com/kolheti/en_index.php">the original</a> on 25 November 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Untitled+Document&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lazuri.com%2Fkolheti%2Fen_index.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.great-adventures.com/destinations/rep_georgia/colchis.html">"Colchis, The Land Of The Golden Fleece, Republic Of Georgia"</a>. Great-adventures.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Colchis%2C+The+Land+Of+The+Golden+Fleece%2C+Republic+Of+Georgia&rft.pub=Great-adventures.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.great-adventures.com%2Fdestinations%2Frep_georgia%2Fcolchis.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Graves" title="Robert Graves">Robert Graves</a> (1944/1945), <i>The Golden Fleece/Hercules, My Shipmate</i>, New York: Grosset & Dunlap</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Verrill, A. Hyatt (1950), <i>Shell Collector's Handbook</i>, New York: Putnam, p. 77</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Abbott, R. Tucker (1972), <i>Kingdom of the Seashell</i>, New York: Crown Publishers, p. 184; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324204105/http://www.designboom.com/eng/education/byssus_history.html">"history of sea byssus cloth"</a>. Designboom.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.designboom.com/eng/education/byssus_history.html">the original</a> on 24 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=history+of+sea+byssus+cloth&rft.pub=Designboom.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.designboom.com%2Feng%2Feducation%2Fbyssus_history.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">refuted in <a href="#CITEREFBarber1991">Barber (1991)</a> and <a href="#CITEREFMcKinley1999">McKinley (1999)</a>, pp. 9–29</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/James_R._A._Bailey" title="James R. A. Bailey">Bailey, James R.</a> (1973), <i>The God Kings and the Titans; The New World Ascendancy in Ancient Times</i>, St. Martin's Press</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Silver, Morris (1992), <i>Taking Ancient Mythology Economically</i>, Leiden: Brill <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://members.tripod.com/~sondmor/index-4.html">"Document Title"</a>. Members.tripod.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Document+Title&rft.pub=Members.tripod.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmembers.tripod.com%2F~sondmor%2Findex-4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_Fleece&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 32em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBacon1925" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Janet_Ruth_Bacon" title="Janet Ruth Bacon">Bacon, Janet Ruth</a> (1925). <i>The Voyage of the Argonauts</i>. London: Methuen.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Voyage+of+the+Argonauts&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Methuen&rft.date=1925&rft.aulast=Bacon&rft.aufirst=Janet+Ruth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarber1991" class="citation book cs1">Barber, Elizabeth J. W. (1991). <i>Prehistoric Textiles: the Development of Cloth in the Neolithic and Bronze Ages with Special Reference to the Aegean</i>. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-00224-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-00224-8"><bdi>978-0-691-00224-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prehistoric+Textiles%3A+the+Development+of+Cloth+in+the+Neolithic+and+Bronze+Ages+with+Special+Reference+to+the+Aegean&rft.place=Princeton%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-691-00224-8&rft.aulast=Barber&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth+J.+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBraund1994" class="citation book cs1">Braund, David (1994). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/georgiainantiqui0000brau"><i>Georgia in Antiquity: A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian Iberia, 550 BC–AD 562</i></a></span>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-814473-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-814473-1"><bdi>978-0-19-814473-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Georgia+in+Antiquity%3A+A+History+of+Colchis+and+Transcaucasian+Iberia%2C+550+BC%E2%80%93AD+562&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-19-814473-1&rft.aulast=Braund&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgeorgiainantiqui0000brau&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLordkipanidze2001" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Otar_Lordkipanidze" title="Otar Lordkipanidze">Lordkipanidze, Otar</a> (2001). "The Golden Fleece: myth, euhemeristic explanation and archaeology". <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Journal_of_Archaeology" title="Oxford Journal of Archaeology">Oxford Journal of Archaeology</a></i>. <b>20</b> (1): 1–38. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2F1468-0092.00121">10.1111/1468-0092.00121</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Journal+of+Archaeology&rft.atitle=The+Golden+Fleece%3A+myth%2C+euhemeristic+explanation+and+archaeology&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-38&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2F1468-0092.00121&rft.aulast=Lordkipanidze&rft.aufirst=Otar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKinley1999" class="citation book cs1">McKinley, Daniel (1999). <i>Pinna and her Silken Beard: a Foray into Historical Misappropriations</i>. Ars Textrina. Vol. 29. Charles Babbage Research Centre.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pinna+and+her+Silken+Beard%3A+a+Foray+into+Historical+Misappropriations&rft.series=Ars+Textrina&rft.pub=Charles+Babbage+Research+Centre&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGolden+Fleece" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golden_Fleece&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Jason_and_the_Argonauts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jason_and_the_Argonauts" title="Template:Jason and the Argonauts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jason_and_the_Argonauts" title="Template talk:Jason and the Argonauts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jason_and_the_Argonauts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jason and the Argonauts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Jason_and_the_Argonauts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters<br />and topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeson" title="Aeson">Aeson</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcimede_(mother_of_Jason)" title="Alcimede (mother of Jason)">Alcimede</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a> (spouse)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creusa_of_Corinth" class="mw-redirect" title="Creusa of Corinth">Creusa of Corinth</a> (2nd wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argus_(son_of_Arestor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Argus (son of Arestor)">Argus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ae%C3%ABtes" title="Aeëtes">Aeëtes</a> (father-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelias" title="Pelias">Pelias</a> (uncle)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineus" title="Phineus">Phineus</a> (oracle)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiron" title="Chiron">Cheiron</a> (trainer)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argo" title="Argo">Argo</a></i> (ship)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Golden Fleece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symplegades" title="Symplegades">Clashing Rocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talos" title="Talos">Talos</a> (protector of <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Illustrious <a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herakles" class="mw-redirect" title="Herakles">Herakles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laertes_(father_of_Odysseus)" title="Laertes (father of Odysseus)">Laertes (father of Odysseus)</a> (father of Odysseus)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iolaus" title="Iolaus">Iolaus</a> (friend of Herakles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castor_and_Pollux" title="Castor and Pollux">Castor and Pollux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_(mythology)" title="Nestor (mythology)">Nestor</a> (younger years)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a> (legendary musician)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Medea_(play)" title="Medea (play)">Medea</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Rhodes" title="Apollonius of Rhodes">Apollonius of Rhodes</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Medea_(Seneca)" title="Medea (Seneca)">Medea</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a></li> <li><i>Argonautica</i> (Latin) by <a href="/wiki/Valerius_Flaccus_(poet)" title="Valerius Flaccus (poet)">Gaius Valerius Flaccus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Argonautica" title="Orphic Argonautica">Orphic Argonautica</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film/TV</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jason_and_the_Argonauts_(1963_film)" title="Jason and the Argonauts (1963 film)">Jason and the Argonauts</a></i> (1963 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Medea_(1969_film)" title="Medea (1969 film)">Medea</a></i> (1969 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Young_Hercules" title="Young Hercules">Young Hercules</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jason_and_the_Argonauts_(miniseries)" title="Jason and the Argonauts (miniseries)">Jason and the Argonauts</a></i> (2000 miniseries)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atlantis_(TV_series)" title="Atlantis (TV series)">Atlantis</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i>Epic Tails</i> (2023 animated film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Giasone" title="Giasone">Giasone</a></i> (1649)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_toison_d%27or_(opera)" title="La toison d'or (opera)">La toison d'or</a></i> (1789)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Fleecing" title="The Golden Fleecing">The Golden Fleecing</a></i> (comic book story)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jason_with_the_Golden_Fleece_(Thorvaldsen)" title="Jason with the Golden Fleece (Thorvaldsen)">Jason with the Golden Fleece</a></i> (sculpture)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jason_et_M%C3%A9d%C3%A9e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jason et Médée (page does not exist)">Jason et Médée</a></i> (ballet)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jason_and_Medea" class="mw-redirect" title="Jason and Medea">Jason and Medea</a></i> (painting)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rise_of_the_Argonauts" title="Rise of the Argonauts">Rise of the Argonauts</a></i> (video game)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Fleece_and_the_Heroes_Who_Lived_Before_Achilles" title="The Golden Fleece and the Heroes Who Lived Before Achilles">The Golden Fleece and the Heroes Who Lived Before Achilles</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_in_popular_culture" title="Jason in popular culture">Jason in popular culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancient_Greek_religion_and_mythology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_religion" title="Template:Greek religion"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_religion" title="Template talk:Greek religion"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_religion" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek religion"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_Greek_religion_and_mythology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Ancient Greek religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><div id="Religion_and_religious_practice" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Religion</a> and religious practice</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Main beliefs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ages_of_Man" title="Ages of Man">Ages of Man</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age" title="Golden Age">Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Heroic_Age" title="Greek Heroic Age">Heroic Age</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_accounts_of_Homer" title="Ancient accounts of Homer">Ancient accounts of Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apotheosis" title="Apotheosis">Apotheosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arete" title="Arete">Arete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimon" title="Daimon">Daemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destiny" title="Destiny">Destiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaimonia" title="Eudaimonia">Eudaimonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euhemerism" title="Euhemerism">Euhemerism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunoia" title="Eunoia">Eunoia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebeia" title="Eusebeia">Eusebeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_mean_(philosophy)" title="Golden mean (philosophy)">Golden mean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Rule" title="Golden Rule">Golden Rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_words_for_love" title="Greek words for love">Greek words for love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demigod#Classical" title="Demigod">Hemitheos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Hero cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubris" title="Hubris">Hubris</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca" title="Interpretatio graeca">Interpretatio graeca</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katabasis" title="Katabasis">Katabasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleos" title="Kleos">Kleos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Know_thyself" title="Know thyself">Know thyself</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology" title="Metamorphoses in Greek mythology">Metamorphosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metempsychosis" title="Metempsychosis">Metempsychosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nympholepsy" title="Nympholepsy">Nympholepsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradoxography" title="Paradoxography">Paradoxography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_city-state_patron_gods" title="Greek city-state patron gods">Patron gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pederasty_in_ancient_Greece" title="Pederasty in ancient Greece">Pederasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phronesis" title="Phronesis">Phronesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophrosyne" title="Sophrosyne">Sophrosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soter" title="Soter">Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_madness#Ancient_Greece_and_Rome:_theia_mania" title="Divine madness">Theia mania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenia_(Greek)" title="Xenia (Greek)">Xenia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Texts / <a href="/wiki/Ode" title="Ode">odes</a> /<br /><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">epic poems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Epic_Cycle" title="Epic Cycle">Epic Cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aethiopis" title="Aethiopis">Aethiopis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cypria" title="Cypria">Cypria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iliupersis" title="Iliupersis">Iliupersis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Iliad" title="Little Iliad">Little Iliad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nostoi" title="Nostoi">Nostoi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Telegony" title="Telegony">Telegony</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theban_Cycle" title="Theban Cycle">Theban Cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oedipodea" title="Oedipodea">Oedipodea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thebaid_(Greek_poem)" title="Thebaid (Greek poem)">Thebaid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epigoni_(epic)" title="Epigoni (epic)">Epigoni</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alcmeonis" title="Alcmeonis">Alcmeonis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aesop%27s_Fables" title="Aesop's Fables">Aesop's Fables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretalogy" title="Aretalogy">Aretalogy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Bibliotheca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Women" title="Catalogue of Women">Catalogue of Women</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyranides" title="Cyranides">Cyranides</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_maxims" title="Delphic maxims">Delphic maxims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derveni_papyrus" title="Derveni papyrus">Derveni papyrus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Dionysiaca</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Verses" title="Golden Verses"><i>Golden Verses</i> of Pythagoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homerica" class="mw-redirect" title="Homerica">Homerica</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Homeric_Hymns" title="Homeric Hymns">Homeric Hymns</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Interpretation_of_Dreams_(Antiphon)" title="Interpretation of Dreams (Antiphon)">Interpretation of Dreams</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth_of_Er" title="Myth of Er">Myth of Er</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oneirocritica" title="Oneirocritica">Oneirocritica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orphic_Hymns" title="Orphic Hymns">Orphic Hymns</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_Graecus_Holmiensis" title="Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis">Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sibylline_Books" title="Sibylline Books">Sibylline Books</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sortes_Astrampsychi" title="Sortes Astrampsychi">Sortes Astrampsychi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theogony" title="Theogony">Theogony</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Works_and_Days" title="Works and Days">Works and Days</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Religions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antecedents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minoan_religion" title="Minoan religion">Minoan religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_religion" title="Mycenaean religion">Mycenaean religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mycenaean_deities" title="List of Mycenaean deities">List of Mycenaean deities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Balkan_mythology" title="Paleo-Balkan mythology">Paleo-Balkan mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology" title="Proto-Indo-European mythology">Proto-Indo-European mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religions_of_the_ancient_Near_East" title="Religions of the ancient Near East">Religions of the ancient Near East</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Expressions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atheism#Classical_antiquity" title="Atheism">Atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henotheism#Hellenistic_religion" title="Henotheism">Henotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotheism#Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Monotheism">Monotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism#Ancient_Greece" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_religion" title="Hellenistic religion">Hellenistic religions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_the_Christianization_of_the_Roman_Empire" title="Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire">Christianization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_Ancient_Greek_philosophy" title="Christianity and Ancient Greek philosophy">Relationship with Greek philosophy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism#Late_Antiquity" title="Western esotericism">Esoteric</a> systems <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alchemy#Hellenistic_Egypt" title="Alchemy">Early alchemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_Judaism" title="Hellenistic Judaism">Hellenistic Judaism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God-fearer" title="God-fearer">God-fearers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">Syncretic</a> religions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great_in_legend#Deified_Alexander" title="Alexander the Great in legend">Alexander</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_cult_of_Alexander_the_Great" title="Ptolemaic cult of Alexander the Great">Ptolemaic cult</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_religion" title="Etruscan religion">Etruscan religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Buddhism" title="Greco-Buddhism">Greco-Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">Roman religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_imperial_cult" title="Roman imperial cult">Imperial cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)#Religious_issues" title="Julian (emperor)">Religious views of emperor Julian</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Mystery religions<br />and sacred mysteries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcadia_(region)" title="Arcadia (region)">Arcadian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysian_Mysteries" title="Dionysian Mysteries">Dionysian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusinian_Mysteries" title="Eleusinian Mysteries">Eleusinian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbros" title="Imbros">Imbrian Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithraism" title="Mithraism">Mithraism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysteries_of_Isis" title="Mysteries of Isis">Mysteries of Isis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphism_(religion)" title="Orphism (religion)">Orphism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries#Samothracian_Mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Samothracian Mysteries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_religious_movement" title="New religious movement">New religious movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discordianism" title="Discordianism">Discordianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feraferia" title="Feraferia">Feraferia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaianism" title="Gaianism">Gaianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenism_(modern_religion)" title="Hellenism (modern religion)">Hellenism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Religious practice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Worship <br />/ rituals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphidromia" title="Amphidromia">Amphidromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arotoi_Hieroi" title="Arotoi Hieroi">Arotoi Hieroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astragalomancy" title="Astragalomancy">Astragalomancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptes" title="Baptes">Baptes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daduchos" title="Daduchos">Daduchos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_divination" title="Greek divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_funeral_and_burial_practices" title="Ancient Greek funeral and burial practices">Funeral and burial practices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_oration_(ancient_Greece)" title="Funeral oration (ancient Greece)">Funeral oration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Greco-Roman mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Hero cult</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hero%C3%B6n" title="Heroön">Heroön</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierophany" title="Hierophany">Hierophany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieros_gamos" title="Hieros gamos">Hieros gamos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hymns_in_ancient_Greek" title="Category:Hymns in ancient Greek">Hymns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incubation_(ritual)" title="Incubation (ritual)">Incubation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komos" title="Komos">Komos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nekyia" title="Nekyia">Nekyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omophagia" title="Omophagia">Omophagia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgia" title="Orgia">Orgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panegyris" title="Panegyris">Panegyris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice" title="Sacrifice">Sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_sacrifice#Ancient_Greece" title="Animal sacrifice">Animal sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hecatomb" title="Hecatomb">Hecatomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_(sacrifice)#Greek_sacrifice" title="Holocaust (sacrifice)">Holocaust</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libation#Ancient_Greece" title="Libation">Libation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmakos" title="Pharmakos">Pharmakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votive_offering" title="Votive offering">Votive offering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Greece" title="Theatre of ancient Greece">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br />offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphictyonic_league" title="Amphictyonic league">Amphictyonic league</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archon_basileus" title="Archon basileus">Archon basileus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilinna" title="Basilinna">Basilinna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerarai" title="Gerarai">Gerarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiereia" title="Hiereia">Hiereia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierophant" title="Hierophant">Hierophant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hierophylakes" title="Hierophylakes">Hierophylakes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iatromantis" title="Iatromantis">Iatromantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanephoros" title="Kanephoros">Kanephoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystagogue" title="Mystagogue">Mystagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">Oracle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sibyl" title="Sibyl">Sibyl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiasus" title="Thiasus">Thiasus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br />objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baetyl" title="Baetyl">Baetyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_sculpture#Cult_images" title="Ancient Greek sculpture">Cult image</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chryselephantine_sculpture" title="Chryselephantine sculpture">Chryselephantine sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xoanon" title="Xoanon">Xoanon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_terracotta_figurines" title="Greek terracotta figurines">Greek terracotta figurines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kernos" title="Kernos">Kernos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kykeon" title="Kykeon">Kykeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loutrophoros" title="Loutrophoros">Loutrophoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omphalos" title="Omphalos">Omphalos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_amphora" title="Panathenaic amphora">Panathenaic amphora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhyton" title="Rhyton">Rhyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrificial_tripod" title="Sacrificial tripod">Sacrificial tripod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceptre#Greco-Roman_world" title="Sceptre">Sceptre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thymiaterion" title="Thymiaterion">Thymiaterion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Magic_in_the_Greco-Roman_world" title="Magic in the Greco-Roman world">Magic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apotropaic_magic" title="Apotropaic magic">Apotropaic magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curse_tablet" title="Curse tablet">Curse tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_divination" title="Greek divination">Divination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Magical_Papyri" title="Greek Magical Papyri">Greek Magical Papyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hermetica" title="Hermetica">Hermetica</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromancy#Antiquity" title="Necromancy">Necromancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philia_(Greco-Roman_magic)" title="Philia (Greco-Roman magic)">Philia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Festivals <br />/ feasts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actia" title="Actia">Actia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adonia" title="Adonia">Adonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrionia" title="Agrionia">Agrionia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphidromia" title="Amphidromia">Amphidromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthesteria" title="Anthesteria">Anthesteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apellai" title="Apellai">Apellai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apaturia" title="Apaturia">Apaturia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodisia" title="Aphrodisia">Aphrodisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrhephoria" title="Arrhephoria">Arrhephoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascolia" title="Ascolia">Ascolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendidia" title="Bendidia">Bendidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boedromia" title="Boedromia">Boedromia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brauron" title="Brauron">Brauronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buphonia" title="Buphonia">Buphonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalceia" title="Chalceia">Chalceia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meilichios" title="Meilichios">Diasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delia_(festival)" title="Delia (festival)">Delia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphinia" title="Delphinia">Delphinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysia" title="Dionysia">Dionysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecdysia" title="Ecdysia">Ecdysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaphebolia" title="Elaphebolia">Elaphebolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelia" title="Gamelia">Gamelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halieia" title="Halieia">Halieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haloa" title="Haloa">Haloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracleia_(festival)" title="Heracleia (festival)">Heracleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaea_(festival)" title="Hermaea (festival)">Hermaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieromenia" title="Hieromenia">Hieromenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iolaus" title="Iolaus">Iolaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronia" title="Kronia">Kronia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenaia" title="Lenaia">Lenaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnesia_on_the_Maeander" title="Magnesia on the Maeander">Leucophryna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lykaia" title="Lykaia">Lykaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metageitnia" title="Metageitnia">Metageitnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichia_(festival)" title="Munichia (festival)">Munichia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oschophoria" title="Oschophoria">Oschophoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamboeotia" title="Pamboeotia">Pamboeotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandia_(festival)" title="Pandia (festival)">Pandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plynteria" title="Plynteria">Plynteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaieia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemaieia">Ptolemaieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyanopsia" title="Pyanopsia">Pyanopsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skira" title="Skira">Skira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synoikia" title="Synoikia">Synoikia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soteria_(festival)" title="Soteria (festival)">Soteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tauropolia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tauropolia">Tauropolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thargelia" title="Thargelia">Thargelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseia" title="Theseia">Theseia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thesmophoria" title="Thesmophoria">Thesmophoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agon" title="Agon">Agon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_Games" title="Panathenaic Games">Panathenaic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhieia" title="Rhieia">Rhieia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Games" title="Panhellenic Games">Panhellenic Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraean_Games" title="Heraean Games">Heraean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythian_Games" title="Pythian Games">Pythian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_Games" title="Nemean Games">Nemean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmian_Games" title="Isthmian Games">Isthmian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actia" title="Actia">Actia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Sacred places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_temple" title="Ancient Greek temple">Temples</a> /<br /> <a href="/wiki/Sanctuaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctuaries">sanctuaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asclepieion" title="Asclepieion">Asclepieion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphinion" title="Delphinion">Delphinion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithraeum" title="Mithraeum">Mithraeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necromanteion_of_Acheron" title="Necromanteion of Acheron">Necromanteion of Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaeum" title="Nymphaeum">Nymphaeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panionium" title="Panionium">Panionium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion" title="Ploutonion">Ploutonion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesterion" title="Telesterion">Telesterion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temenos" title="Temenos">Temenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Artemis" title="Temple of Artemis">Temple of Artemis, Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Zeus,_Olympia" title="Temple of Zeus, Olympia">Temple of Zeus, Olympia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oracles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphiareion_of_Oropos" title="Amphiareion of Oropos">Amphiareion of Oropos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aornum" title="Aornum">Aornum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claros" title="Claros">Claros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didyma" title="Didyma">Didyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodona" title="Dodona">Dodona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyaneae" title="Cyaneae">Oracle of Apollo Thyrxeus at Cyaneae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptoion" title="Ptoion">Oracle of Apollo at Ptoion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikaros_(Failaka_Island)" title="Ikaros (Failaka Island)">Oracle of Artemis at Ikaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Puerto_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa" title="El Puerto de Santa María">Oracle of Menestheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_of_the_Great_Gods" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctuary of the Great Gods">Sanctuary of the Great Gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegyra" title="Tegyra">Tegyra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mountains</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cretea" title="Cretea">Cretea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Crete)" title="Mount Ida (Crete)">Mount Ida (Crete)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_(Turkey)" title="Mount Ida (Turkey)">Mount Ida (Turkey)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Lykaion" title="Mount Lykaion">Mount Lykaion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Olympus" title="Mount Olympus">Olympus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Zeus,_Ayd%C4%B1n" title="Cave of Zeus, Aydın">Cave of Zeus, Aydın</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Pan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cave of Pan (disambiguation)">Caves of Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychro_Cave" title="Psychro Cave">Psychro Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vari_Cave" title="Vari Cave">Vari Cave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Island_(Ukraine)" title="Snake Island (Ukraine)">Island of Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_Diomedes" title="Islands of Diomedes">Islands of Diomedes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Springs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castalian_Spring" title="Castalian Spring">Castalian Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocrene" title="Hippocrene">Hippocrene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierian_Spring" title="Pierian Spring">Pierian Spring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athenian_sacred_ships" title="Athenian sacred ships">Athenian sacred ships</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Paralus_(ship)" title="Paralus (ship)">Paralus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salaminia" title="Salaminia">Salaminia</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elefsina" title="Elefsina">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiera_Orgas" title="Hiera Orgas">Hiera Orgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanathos" title="Kanathos">Kanathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Way" title="Sacred Way">Sacred Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Dionysus" title="Theatre of Dionysus">Theatre of Dionysus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cef2e0;"><div id="Myths_and_mythology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Myths and <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_figures#Immortals" title="List of Greek mythological figures">Deities</a> <br />(<a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Greek_gods" title="Family tree of the Greek gods">Family tree</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_primordial_deities" title="Greek primordial deities">Primordial deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">Aether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananke" title="Ananke">Ananke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaos (mythology)">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronos" title="Chronos">Chronos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia" title="Gaia">Gaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemera" title="Hemera">Hemera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyx" title="Nyx">Nyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanes" title="Phanes">Phanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontus_(mythology)" title="Pontus (mythology)">Pontus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassa" title="Thalassa">Thalassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)" title="Uranus (mythology)">Uranus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coeus" title="Coeus">Coeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Crius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Titan)" title="Hyperion (Titan)">Hyperion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapetus" title="Iapetus">Iapetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne" title="Mnemosyne">Mnemosyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus" title="Oceanus">Oceanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(Titaness)" title="Phoebe (Titaness)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(mythology)" title="Tethys (mythology)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia" title="Theia">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themis" title="Themis">Themis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteria_(Titaness)" title="Asteria (Titaness)">Asteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astraeus" title="Astraeus">Astraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eos" title="Eos">Eos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimetheus" title="Epimetheus">Epimetheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leto" title="Leto">Leto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metis_(mythology)" title="Metis (mythology)">Metis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(Titan)" title="Perses (Titan)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene" title="Selene">Selene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperus" title="Hesperus">Hesperus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_(morning_star)" title="Phosphorus (morning star)">Phosphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Twelve Olympians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia" title="Hestia">Hestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_water_deities" title="Greek water deities">Water deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphitrite" title="Amphitrite">Amphitrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto" title="Ceto">Ceto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucus" title="Glaucus">Glaucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naiad" title="Naiad">Naiads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereid" class="mw-redirect" title="Nereid">Nereids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereus" title="Nereus">Nereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanids" title="Oceanids">Oceanids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorcys" title="Phorcys">Phorcys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potamoi" title="Potamoi">Potamoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potamides" title="Potamides">Potamides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus" title="Proteus">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scamander" title="Scamander">Scamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaumas" title="Thaumas">Thaumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetis" title="Thetis">Thetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(mythology)" title="Triton (mythology)">Triton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Love deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Erotes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Erotes" title="Erotes">Erotes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anteros" title="Anteros">Anteros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedylogos" title="Hedylogos">Hedylogos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaphroditus" title="Hermaphroditus">Hermaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Himeros" title="Erotes">Himeros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymen_(god)" title="Hymen (god)"> Hymen/Hymenaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotes#Pothos" title="Erotes">Pothos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphroditus" title="Aphroditus">Aphroditus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philotes" title="Philotes">Philotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peitho" title="Peitho">Peitho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">War deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrestia" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrestia">Adrestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alala" title="Alala">Alala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alke" title="Alke">Alke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphillogiai" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphillogiai">Amphillogiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androktasiai" title="Androktasiai">Androktasiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares" title="Ares">Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bia_(mythology)" title="Bia (mythology)">Bia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(deity)" title="Deimos (deity)">Deimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyalius" title="Enyalius">Enyalius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enyo" title="Enyo">Enyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(mythology)" title="Eris (mythology)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gynaecothoenas" class="mw-redirect" title="Gynaecothoenas">Gynaecothoenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homados" title="Homados">Homados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysminai" title="Hysminai">Hysminai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioke_(mythology)" title="Ioke (mythology)">Ioke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kratos_(mythology)" title="Kratos (mythology)">Kratos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kydoimos" title="Kydoimos">Kydoimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_(goddess)" title="Ma (goddess)">Ma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machai" title="Machai">Machai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike_(mythology)" title="Nike (mythology)">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palioxis" title="Palioxis">Palioxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Titan)" title="Pallas (Titan)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perses_(Titan)" title="Perses (Titan)">Perses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(mythology)" title="Phobos (mythology)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonoi" title="Phonoi">Phonoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polemos" title="Polemos">Polemos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proioxis" title="Proioxis">Proioxis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chthonic_deities" title="Chthonic deities">Chthonic deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Psychopomps" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Psychopomp" title="Psychopomp">Psychopomps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charon" title="Charon">Charon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermanubis" title="Hermanubis">Hermanubis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelos_(mythology)" title="Angelos (mythology)">Angelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabeiri" title="Cabeiri">Cabeiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pluto_(mythology)" title="Pluto (mythology)">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keres" title="Keres">Keres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampad" class="mw-redirect" title="Lampad">Lampad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melino%C3%AB" title="Melinoë">Melinoë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreus" title="Zagreus">Zagreus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aceso" title="Aceso">Aceso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegle_(mythology)" title="Aegle (mythology)">Aegle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiron" title="Chiron">Chiron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrhon" title="Darrhon">Darrhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epione" title="Epione">Epione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebe_(mythology)" title="Hebe (mythology)">Hebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygieia" title="Hygieia">Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iaso" title="Iaso">Iaso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paean_(god)" title="Paean (god)">Paean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea" title="Panacea">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesphorus_(mythology)" title="Telesphorus (mythology)">Telesphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sleep deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empusa" title="Empusa">Empusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiales" title="Epiales">Epiales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnos" title="Hypnos">Hypnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasithea" title="Pasithea">Pasithea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneiros" title="Oneiros">Oneiroi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Messenger deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelia" title="Angelia">Angelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arke" title="Arke">Arke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_(mythology)" title="Iris (mythology)">Iris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trickster deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apate" title="Apate">Apate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momus" title="Momus">Momus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magic deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_Trismegistus" title="Hermes Trismegistus">Hermes Trismegistus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of Greek mythological figures">Other major deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anemoi" title="Anemoi">Anemoi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boreas_(god)" title="Boreas (god)">Boreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurus" title="Eurus">Eurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notus" title="Notus">Notus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyrus" title="Zephyrus">Zephyrus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azone" title="Azone">Azone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysaor" title="Chrysaor">Chrysaor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileithyia" title="Eileithyia">Eileithyia</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Erinyes</a> (Furies)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Muses" title="Muses">Muses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis" title="Nemesis">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus" title="Pegasus">Pegasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelus" title="Zelus">Zelus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">Heroes / <br />heroines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abderus" title="Abderus">Abderus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles" title="Achilles">Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actaeon" title="Actaeon">Actaeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adonis" title="Adonis">Adonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Great" title="Ajax the Great">Ajax the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Lesser" title="Ajax the Lesser">Ajax the Lesser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academus" title="Academus">Akademos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphiaraus" title="Amphiaraus">Amphiaraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphitryon" title="Amphitryon">Amphitryon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antilochus" class="mw-redirect" title="Antilochus">Antilochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atalanta" title="Atalanta">Atalanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autolycus" title="Autolycus">Autolycus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellerophon" title="Bellerophon">Bellerophon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouzyges" title="Bouzyges">Bouzyges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysippus_of_Elis" title="Chrysippus of Elis">Chrysippus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyamites" title="Cyamites">Cyamites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daedalus" title="Daedalus">Daedalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diomedes" title="Diomedes">Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castor_and_Pollux" title="Castor and Pollux">Dioscuri</a> (Castor and Polydeuces)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echetlus" title="Echetlus">Echetlus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleusis_(mythology)" title="Eleusis (mythology)">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erechtheus" title="Erechtheus">Erechtheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunostus_(hero)" title="Eunostus (hero)">Eunostus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganymede_(mythology)" title="Ganymede (mythology)">Ganymede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector" title="Hector">Hector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icarus" title="Icarus">Icarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iolaus" title="Iolaus">Iolaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meleager" title="Meleager">Meleager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menelaus" title="Menelaus">Menelaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcissus_(mythology)" title="Narcissus (mythology)">Narcissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_(mythology)" title="Nestor (mythology)">Nestor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oedipus" title="Oedipus">Oedipus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otrera" title="Otrera">Otrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandion_(hero)" title="Pandion (hero)">Pandion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peleus" title="Peleus">Peleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelops" title="Pelops">Pelops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penthesilea" title="Penthesilea">Penthesilea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perseus" title="Perseus">Perseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triptolemus" title="Triptolemus">Triptolemus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar_hunt#The_hunters" title="Calydonian boar hunt">Calydonian hunters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigoni" title="Epigoni">Epigoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_against_Thebes" title="Seven against Thebes">Seven against Thebes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">Oracles</a> <br />/ seers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aesacus" title="Aesacus">Aesacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleuas" title="Aleuas">Aleuas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphiaraus" title="Amphiaraus">Amphiaraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphilochus_I_of_Argos" title="Amphilochus I of Argos">Amphilochus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ampyx" title="Ampyx">Ampyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anius" title="Anius">Anius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asbolus" title="Asbolus">Asbolus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakis" title="Bakis">Bakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branchus" title="Branchus">Branchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calchas" title="Calchas">Calchas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnus" title="Carnus">Carnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carya_of_Laconia" title="Carya of Laconia">Carya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassandra" title="Cassandra">Cassandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elatus" title="Elatus">Elatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennomus" title="Ennomus">Ennomus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimenides" title="Epimenides">Epimenides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halitherses" title="Halitherses">Halitherses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Helenus">Helenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iamus" title="Iamus">Iamus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idmon" title="Idmon">Idmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manto_(mythology)" title="Manto (mythology)">Manto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melampus" title="Melampus">Melampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mopsus" title="Mopsus">Mopsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichus" title="Munichus">Munichus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineus" title="Phineus">Phineus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyidus" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyidus">Polyeidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polypheides" title="Polypheides">Polypheides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythia" title="Pythia">Pythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibyl" title="Sibyl">Sibyls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cimmerian_Sibyl" title="Cimmerian Sibyl">Cimmerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumaean_Sibyl" title="Cumaean Sibyl">Cumaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_Sibyl" title="Delphic Sibyl">Delphic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythraean_Sibyl" title="Erythraean Sibyl">Erythraean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellespontine_Sibyl" title="Hellespontine Sibyl">Hellespontine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Sibyl" title="Libyan Sibyl">Libyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Sibyl" title="Persian Sibyl">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_Sibyl" title="Phrygian Sibyl">Phrygian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samian_Sibyl" title="Samian Sibyl">Samian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemus" title="Telemus">Telemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theiodamas" title="Theiodamas">Theiodamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theoclymenus" title="Theoclymenus">Theoclymenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Other <br /> mortals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegisthus" title="Aegisthus">Aegisthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromache" title="Andromache">Andromache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(mythology)" title="Andromeda (mythology)">Andromeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigone" title="Antigone">Antigone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augeas" title="Augeas">Augeas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briseis" title="Briseis">Briseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassiopeia_(mother_of_Andromeda)" title="Cassiopeia (mother of Andromeda)">Cassiopeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creon_(king_of_Thebes)" title="Creon (king of Thebes)">Creon of Thebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chryseis" title="Chryseis">Chryseis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysothemis" title="Chrysothemis">Chrysothemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clytemnestra" title="Clytemnestra">Clytemnestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocles" title="Damocles">Damocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deidamia_(daughter_of_Lycomedes)" title="Deidamia (daughter of Lycomedes)">Deidamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deucalion" title="Deucalion">Deucalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra" title="Electra">Electra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eteocles" title="Eteocles">Eteocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(consort_of_Zeus)" title="Europa (consort of Zeus)">Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordias" title="Gordias">Gordias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecuba" title="Hecuba">Hecuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen of Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellen" title="Hellen">Hellen</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Heracleidae" title="Heracleidae">Heracleidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermione_(mythology)" title="Hermione (mythology)">Hermione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyta" title="Hippolyta">Hippolyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Io_(mythology)" title="Io (mythology)">Io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia" title="Iphigenia">Iphigenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismene" title="Ismene">Ismene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jocasta" title="Jocasta">Jocasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laius" title="Laius">Laius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycian_peasants" title="Lycian peasants">Lycian peasants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycaon_(king_of_Arcadia)" title="Lycaon (king of Arcadia)">Lycaon</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Maenad" title="Maenad">Maenads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memnon" title="Memnon">Memnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapian_shepherds" title="Messapian shepherds">Messapian shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midas" title="Midas">Midas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrrha" title="Myrrha">Myrrha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoptolemus" title="Neoptolemus">Neoptolemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niobe" title="Niobe">Niobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orestes" title="Orestes">Orestes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_(mythology)" title="Paris (mythology)">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patroclus" title="Patroclus">Patroclus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penelope" title="Penelope">Penelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomela" title="Philomela">Philomela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(son_of_Agenor)" title="Phoenix (son of Agenor)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polybus_of_Corinth" title="Polybus of Corinth">Polybus of Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynices" title="Polynices">Polynices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priam" title="Priam">Priam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procne" title="Procne">Procne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pylades" title="Pylades">Pylades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrrha_(mythology)" title="Pyrrha (mythology)">Pyrrha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemachus" title="Telemachus">Telemachus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troilus" title="Troilus">Troilus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Underworld</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entrances to <br /> the underworld</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acheron" title="Acheron">Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocytus" title="Cocytus">Cocytus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eridanos_(river_of_Hades)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eridanos (river of Hades)">Eridanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethe" title="Lethe">Lethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phlegethon" title="Phlegethon">Phlegethon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx" title="Styx">Styx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lakes/swamps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acherusia" title="Acherusia">Acherusia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Avernus" title="Lake Avernus">Avernus Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lerna" title="Lerna">Lerna Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Cape_Matapan" title="Cape Matapan">Cape Matapan</a></li> <li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Lake_Avernus" title="Lake Avernus">Lake Avernus</a></li> <li>Cave at <a href="/wiki/Heraclea_Pontica" title="Heraclea Pontica">Heraclea Pontica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Charoniums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Charonium at <a href="/wiki/Aornum" title="Aornum">Aornum</a></li> <li>Charonium at <a href="/wiki/Acharaca" title="Acharaca">Acharaca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion" title="Ploutonion">Ploutonion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ploutonion at <a href="/wiki/Acharaca" title="Acharaca">Acharaca</a></li> <li>Ploutonion at <a href="/wiki/Eleusis" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleusis">Eleusis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploutonion_at_Hierapolis" title="Ploutonion at Hierapolis">Ploutonion at Hierapolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Necromanteion (necromancy temple)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Necromanteion_of_Acheron" title="Necromanteion of Acheron">Necromanteion of Acheron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elysium" title="Elysium">Elysium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erebus" title="Erebus">Erebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asphodel_Meadows" title="Asphodel Meadows">Fields of Asphodel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortunate_Isles" title="Fortunate Isles">Isles of the Blessed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld#Mourning_Fields" title="Greek underworld">Mourning Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Judges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeacus" title="Aeacus">Aeacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhadamanthus" title="Rhadamanthus">Rhadamanthus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Guards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Campe" title="Campe">Campe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Cerberus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Residents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anticlea" title="Anticlea">Anticlea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana%C3%AFdes" title="Danaïdes">Danaïdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurydice" title="Eurydice">Eurydice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixion" title="Ixion">Ixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocnus" title="Ocnus">Ocnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmoneus" title="Salmoneus">Salmoneus</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Shade_(mythology)" title="Shade (mythology)">Shades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisyphus" title="Sisyphus">Sisyphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantalus" title="Tantalus">Tantalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titans_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titans (mythology)">Titans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tityos" title="Tityos">Tityos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Katabasis#Trip_into_the_underworld" title="Katabasis">Visitors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous">Pirithous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche" title="Cupid and Psyche">Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols/objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bident" title="Bident">Bident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_of_invisibility" title="Cap of invisibility">Cap of invisibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charon%27s_obol" title="Charon's obol">Charon's obol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animals, daemons, <br />and spirits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascalaphus_(son_of_Acheron)" title="Ascalaphus (son of Acheron)">Ascalaphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuthonymus" title="Ceuthonymus">Ceuthonymus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurynomos_(daemon)" title="Eurynomos (daemon)">Eurynomos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoetius" title="Menoetius">Menoetius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Mythical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_creatures" title="List of Greek mythological creatures">Greek mythological creatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of Greek mythological figures">Greek mythological figures</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of minor Greek mythological figures">Minor figures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Trojan_War_characters" title="List of Trojan War characters">Trojan War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor spirits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daemon" class="mw-redirect" title="Daemon">Daemon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agathodaemon" title="Agathodaemon">Agathodaemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacodemon" title="Cacodemon">Cacodaemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaemon_(mythology)" title="Eudaemon (mythology)">Eudaemon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">Nymph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyr" title="Satyr">Satyr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beasts /<br /> creatures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaur" title="Centaur">Centaur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaurides" title="Centaurides">Centaurides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichthyocentaur" title="Ichthyocentaur">Ichthyocentaur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclops" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyclops">Cyclops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragons_in_Greek_mythology" title="Dragons in Greek mythology">Dragon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drakaina_(mythology)" title="Drakaina (mythology)">Drakaina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echidna_(mythology)" title="Echidna (mythology)">Echidna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giants_(Greek_mythology)" title="Giants (Greek mythology)">Giant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgon" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgon">Gorgon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpy" title="Harpy">Harpy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecatonchires" class="mw-redirect" title="Hecatonchires">Hecatonchires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocampus_(mythology)" title="Hippocampus (mythology)">Hippocampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrois" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyrois">Horses of Helios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamia" title="Lamia">Lamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)" title="Phoenix (mythology)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Python_(mythology)" title="Python (mythology)">Python</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scylla" title="Scylla">Scylla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charybdis" title="Charybdis">Charybdis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphinx" title="Sphinx">Sphinx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhon" title="Typhon">Typhon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Captured <br />/ slain by <br /> <a href="/wiki/Greek_hero_cult" title="Greek hero cult">heroes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar" class="mw-redirect" title="Calydonian boar">Calydonian boar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Cerberus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerynian_Hind" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerynian Hind">Cerynian Hind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_(mythology)" title="Chimera (mythology)">Chimera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Bull" title="Cretan Bull">Cretan Bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crommyonian_Sow" title="Crommyonian Sow">Crommyonian Sow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erymanthian_boar" title="Erymanthian boar">Erymanthian boar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalkotauroi" title="Khalkotauroi">Khalkotauroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lernaean_Hydra" title="Lernaean Hydra">Lernaean Hydra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mares_of_Diomedes" title="Mares of Diomedes">Mares of Diomedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemean_lion" title="Nemean lion">Nemean lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthrus" title="Orthrus">Orthrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyphemus" title="Polyphemus">Polyphemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stymphalian_birds" title="Stymphalian birds">Stymphalian birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talos" title="Talos">Talos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teumessian_fox" title="Teumessian fox">Teumessian fox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tribes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaeans_(Homer)" title="Achaeans (Homer)">Achaeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazons" title="Amazons">Amazons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthropophage" title="Anthropophage">Anthropophagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebryces" title="Bebryces">Bebryces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicones" title="Cicones">Cicones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curetes_(tribe)" title="Curetes (tribe)">Curetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dactyl_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dactyl (mythology)">Dactyls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gargareans" title="Gargareans">Gargareans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halizones" title="Halizones">Halizones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korybantes" title="Korybantes">Korybantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laestrygonians" title="Laestrygonians">Laestrygonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapiths" title="Lapiths">Lapiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus-eaters" title="Lotus-eaters">Lotus-eaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrmidons" title="Myrmidons">Myrmidons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pygmy (Greek mythology)">Pygmies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartoi">Spartoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telchines" title="Telchines">Telchines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places <br />/ Realms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia">Aethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ara_(constellation)#History" title="Ara (constellation)">Ara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colchis#In_mythology" title="Colchis">Colchis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erytheia" title="Erytheia">Erytheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperborea" title="Hyperborea">Hyperborea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismarus_(Thrace)" title="Ismarus (Thrace)">Ismarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer%27s_Ithaca" title="Homer's Ithaca">Ithaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Libya (mythology)">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nysa_(mythology)" title="Nysa (mythology)">Nysa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogygia" title="Ogygia">Ogygia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchaia_(island)" title="Panchaia (island)">Panchaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phlegra_(mythology)" title="Phlegra (mythology)">Phlegra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheria" title="Scheria">Scheria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythia" title="Scythia">Scythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symplegades" title="Symplegades">Symplegades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartessos" title="Tartessos">Tartessos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themiscyra_(Pontus)" title="Themiscyra (Pontus)">Themiscyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrinacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrinacia">Thrinacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Troy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_and_Daphne" title="Apollo and Daphne">Apollo and Daphne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar_hunt" title="Calydonian boar hunt">Calydonian boar hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche" title="Cupid and Psyche">Eros and Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgment_of_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Judgment of Paris">Judgment of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labours_of_Hercules" title="Labours of Hercules">Labours of Heracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus_and_Eurydice" title="Orpheus and Eurydice">Orpheus and Eurydice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Returns_from_Troy" title="Returns from Troy">Returns from Troy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazonomachy" title="Amazonomachy">Amazonomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_War" title="Attic War">Attic War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centauromachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Centauromachy">Centauromachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigantomachy" class="mw-redirect" title="Gigantomachy">Gigantomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysiaca" title="Dionysiaca">Indian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theomachy" title="Theomachy">Theomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanomachy" title="Titanomachy">Titanomachy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adamant" title="Adamant">Adamant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegis" title="Aegis">Aegis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosia" title="Ambrosia">Ambrosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_of_Discord" title="Apple of Discord">Apple of Discord</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argo" title="Argo">Argo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_teeth_(mythology)" title="Dragon's teeth (mythology)">Dragon's teeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diipetes" title="Diipetes">Diipetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eidolon" title="Eidolon">Eidolon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatea_(mythology)" title="Galatea (mythology)">Galatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girdle_of_Aphrodite" title="Girdle of Aphrodite">Girdle of Aphrodite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_apple" title="Golden apple">Golden apple</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Golden Fleece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordian_knot" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordian knot">Gordian knot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpe" title="Harpe">Harpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichor" title="Ichor">Ichor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labyrinth#Cretan_labyrinth" title="Labyrinth">Labyrinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_tree" title="Lotus tree">Lotus tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_of_Hera" title="Milk of Hera">Milk of Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moly_(herb)" title="Moly (herb)">Moly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necklace_of_Harmonia" title="Necklace of Harmonia">Necklace of Harmonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orichalcum" title="Orichalcum">Orichalcum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palladium_(classical_antiquity)" title="Palladium (classical antiquity)">Palladium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panacea_(medicine)" title="Panacea (medicine)">Panacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandora%27s_box" title="Pandora's box">Pandora's box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petasos" title="Petasos">Petasos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Winged_helmet" title="Winged helmet">Winged helmet</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheria#The_Phaeacian_ships" title="Scheria">Phaeacian ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosopher%27s_stone" title="Philosopher's stone">Philosopher's stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield_of_Achilles" title="Shield of Achilles">Shield of Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirt_of_Nessus" title="Shirt of Nessus">Shirt of Nessus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocles" title="Damocles">Sword of Damocles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talaria" title="Talaria">Talaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt" title="Thunderbolt">Thunderbolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyrsus" title="Thyrsus">Thyrsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trident_of_Poseidon" title="Trident of Poseidon">Trident of Poseidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_Horse" title="Trojan Horse">Trojan Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnowing_Oar" title="Winnowing Oar">Winnowing Oar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_fire" title="Wheel of fire">Wheel of fire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bowl_of_Hygieia" title="Bowl of Hygieia">Bowl of Hygieia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caduceus" title="Caduceus">Caduceus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornucopia" title="Cornucopia">Cornucopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgoneion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgoneion">Gorgoneion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantharos" title="Kantharos">Kantharos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labrys" title="Labrys">Labrys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphic_egg" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphic egg">Orphic egg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouroboros" title="Ouroboros">Ouroboros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owl_of_Athena" title="Owl of Athena">Owl of Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_of_Asclepius" title="Rod of Asclepius">Rod of Asclepius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_song" title="Swan song">Swan song</a></li> <li>Wind <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_wind" title="East wind">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_wind" title="West wind">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_wind" title="North wind">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_wind" title="South wind">South</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;;width:1%">Modern<br />treatments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_mythology_in_western_art_and_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical mythology in western art and literature">Classical mythology in western art and literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classicism" title="Classicism">Classicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">Classics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology_in_popular_culture" title="Greek mythology in popular culture">Greek mythology in popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_understanding_of_Greek_mythology" title="Modern understanding of Greek mythology">Modern understanding of Greek mythology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div 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