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Births subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Births-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–March_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–March_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>January–March</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–March_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-April–June_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#April–June_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>April–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April–June_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–September_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–September_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>July–September</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–September_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October–December_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Deaths subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–June" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–June"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>January–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–June-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–December" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>July–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1856</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 179 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-179" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">179 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1856 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1856 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1856 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1856 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B5%DB%B6_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۸۵۶ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۸۵۶ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AC" title="১৮৫৬ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৮৫৬" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_n%C3%AE" title="1856 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1856 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1856 йыл – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="1856 йыл" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856." title="1856. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1856." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="1856 ие – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="1856 ие" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B5%DB%B6" title="۱۸۵۶ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۸۵۶" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856%E5%B9%B4" title="1856年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1856年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856-ngi%C3%A8n" title="1856-ngièn – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="1856-ngièn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856%EB%85%84" title="1856년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1856년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AC" title="१८५६ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१८५६" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856." title="1856. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1856." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AC" title="মারি ১৮৫৬ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৮৫৬" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1856-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1856-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AE%E0%B3%AB%E0%B3%AC" title="೧೮೫೬ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೧೮೫೬" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1856 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1856 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1856 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1856 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856-%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="1856-ӧд во – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="1856-ӧд во" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1856 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1856 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_%D0%B8" title="1856 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1856 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856._gads" title="1856. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1856. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="1856 йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="1856 йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_m." title="1856 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1856 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AC" title="१८५६ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१८५६" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AC" title="इ.स. १८५६ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १८५६" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B5%DB%B6" title="۱۸۵۶ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۸۵۶" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1856 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1856 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%88%E1%81%85%E1%81%86" title="၁၈၅၆ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၈၅၆" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AC" title="ई सं १८५६ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ई सं १८५६" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856%E5%B9%B4" title="1856年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1856年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1856 шо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="1856 шо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AE%E0%AD%AB%E0%AD%AC" title="୧୮୫୬ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୮୫୬" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AC" title="१८५६ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१८५६" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1856 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1856 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AC" title="१८५६ – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१८५६" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856%D8%B9" title="1856ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1856ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A8%D9%A5%D9%A6" title="١٨٥٦ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٨٥٦" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856." title="1856. – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1856." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1856 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1856 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2399" title="พ.ศ. 2399 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2399" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1856" title="Соли 1856 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1856" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_%D0%B0%D1%80" title="1856 ар – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="1856 ар" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856%D8%A1" title="1856ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1856ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_nienz" title="1856 nienz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="1856 nienz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856%E5%B9%B4" title="1856年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1856年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856%E5%B9%B4" title="1856年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1856年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856%E5%B9%B4" title="1856年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1856年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856" title="1856 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1856" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7676#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Years</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Millennium</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Centuries</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18th_century" title="18th century">18th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_century" title="20th century">20th century</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Decades</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1830s" title="1830s">1830s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840s" title="1840s">1840s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1850s" title="1850s">1850s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860s" title="1860s">1860s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870s" title="1870s">1870s</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1853" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1853">1853</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1854" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1854">1854</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1855" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1855">1855</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1856" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1856">1856</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1857" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1857">1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1858" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1858">1858</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1859" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1859">1859</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output 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title="Template talk:Year nav"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Year_nav" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Year nav"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edouard_Dubufe_Congr%C3%A8s_de_Paris.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Edouard_Dubufe_Congr%C3%A8s_de_Paris.jpg/250px-Edouard_Dubufe_Congr%C3%A8s_de_Paris.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Edouard_Dubufe_Congr%C3%A8s_de_Paris.jpg/375px-Edouard_Dubufe_Congr%C3%A8s_de_Paris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Edouard_Dubufe_Congr%C3%A8s_de_Paris.jpg/500px-Edouard_Dubufe_Congr%C3%A8s_de_Paris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1192" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/March_30" title="March 30">March 30</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Congress_of_Paris" title="The Congress of Paris">The Congress of Paris</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Dubufe" title="Édouard Dubufe">Édouard Dubufe</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1856)" title="Treaty of Paris (1856)">Treaty of Paris</a> is signed, ending the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Southern_Chivalry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Southern_Chivalry.jpg/250px-Southern_Chivalry.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Southern_Chivalry.jpg/500px-Southern_Chivalry.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1648" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/May_22" title="May 22">May 22</a>: <a href="/wiki/Caning_of_Charles_Sumner" title="Caning of Charles Sumner">Senator Charles Sumner is seriously injured by Congressman Preston Brooks on the floor of the U.S. Senate</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1856" title="Category:1856">1856 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Humanities</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_animation" title="1856 in animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_archaeology" title="1856 in archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_architecture" title="1856 in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_art" title="1856 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_literature" title="1856 in literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_poetry" title="1856 in poetry">Poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_music" title="1856 in music">Music</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> By country</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_Australia" title="1856 in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_Belgium" title="1856 in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_Brazil" title="1856 in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_Canada" title="1856 in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_China" title="1856 in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_Denmark" title="1856 in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_France" title="1856 in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_Germany" title="1856 in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_New_Zealand" title="1856 in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_Norway" title="1856 in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_Russia" title="1856 in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_South_Africa" title="1856 in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_Sweden" title="1856 in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1856 in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_the_United_States" title="1856 in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Other topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_rail_transport" title="1856 in rail transport">Rail transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_science" title="1856 in science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_in_sports" title="1856 in sports">Sports</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Lists of leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_entities_in_the_19th_century" title="List of political entities in the 19th century">Sovereign states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1856" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1856">Sovereign state leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_19th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 19th century">Territorial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_19th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 19th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1856_in_law" title="Category:1856 in law">Law</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1856_births" title="Category:1856 births">Births</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1856_deaths" title="Category:1856 deaths">Deaths</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1856_establishments" title="Category:1856 establishments">Establishments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1856_disestablishments" title="Category:1856 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1856_works" title="Category:1856 works">Works</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C19_year_in_topic" title="Template:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C19_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C19_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1856 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1856<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MDCCCLVI</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2609</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1305<br />ԹՎ ՌՅԵ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6606</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_calendar" title="Baháʼí calendar">Baháʼí calendar</a></td><td>12–13</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1777–1778</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>1262–1263</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2806</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">British Regnal year</a></td><td>19 <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Vict. 1</a> – 20 <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Vict. 1</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2400</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>1218</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7364–7365</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">乙卯</a>年 (Wood <a href="/wiki/Rabbit_(zodiac)" title="Rabbit (zodiac)">Rabbit</a>)<br />4553 or 4346<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />丙辰年 (Fire <a href="/wiki/Dragon_(zodiac)" title="Dragon (zodiac)">Dragon</a>)<br />4554 or 4347</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1572–1573</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>3022</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1848–1849</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5616–5617</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1912–1913</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1777–1778</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4956–4957</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11856</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>856–857</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>1234–1235</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>1272–1273</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ansei" title="Ansei">Ansei</a> 3<br />(安政３年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1784–1785</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 12 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>4189</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>56 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前56年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>388</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2398–2399</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阴木兔年<br />(female Wood-<a href="/wiki/Rabbit_(zodiac)" title="Rabbit (zodiac)">Rabbit</a>)<br />1982 or 1601 or 829<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阳火龙年<br />(male Fire-<a href="/wiki/Dragon_(zodiac)" title="Dragon (zodiac)">Dragon</a>)<br />1983 or 1602 or 830</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1856" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:1856">1856</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <p><b>1856</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDCCCLVI</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Tuesday" title="Leap year starting on Tuesday">leap year starting on Tuesday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Sunday" title="Leap year starting on Sunday">leap year starting on Sunday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, the 1856th year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 856th year of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a>, the 56th year of the <a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th century</a>, and the 7th year of the <a href="/wiki/1850s" title="1850s">1850s</a> decade. As of the start of 1856, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-2"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March"><span id="January.E2.80.93March"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_8" title="January 8">January 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Borax" title="Borax">Borax</a> deposits are discovered in large quantities by <a href="/wiki/John_Veatch" title="John Veatch">John Veatch</a> in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_23" title="January 23">January 23</a> – The American <a href="/wiki/Sidewheel_steamer" class="mw-redirect" title="Sidewheel steamer">sidewheel steamer</a> <a href="/wiki/SS_Pacific_(1849)" title="SS Pacific (1849)">SS <i>Pacific</i></a> leaves <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> (England) for a transatlantic voyage on which she will be lost with all 186 on board.<sup id="cite_ref-:Shipping_Gazette_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:Shipping_Gazette-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">January 24</a> – U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Pierce" title="Franklin Pierce">Franklin Pierce</a> declares the new <a href="/wiki/Free-Stater_(Kansas)" title="Free-Stater (Kansas)">Free-State</a> <a href="/wiki/Topeka_Constitution" title="Topeka Constitution">Topeka government</a> in "<a href="/wiki/Bleeding_Kansas" title="Bleeding Kansas">Bleeding Kansas</a>" to be in rebellion.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">January 26</a> – First <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Seattle_(1856)" title="Battle of Seattle (1856)">Battle of Seattle</a>: Marines from the <a href="/wiki/USS_Decatur_(1839)" title="USS Decatur (1839)">USS <i>Decatur</i></a> suppress an indigenous uprising, in response to Governor Stevens' declaration of a "war of extermination" on Native communities.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">January 29</a> <ul><li>The 223-mile <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Railroad" title="North Carolina Railroad">North Carolina Railroad</a> is completed from <a href="/wiki/Goldsboro,_North_Carolina" title="Goldsboro, North Carolina">Goldsboro</a> through <a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Salisbury,_North_Carolina" title="Salisbury, North Carolina">Salisbury</a> to <a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> institutes the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Cross</a> as a British military decoration.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February" title="February">February</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Tintic_War" title="Tintic War">Tintic War</a> breaks out in <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/National_Dress_Reform_Association" title="National Dress Reform Association">National Dress Reform Association</a> is founded in the United States to promote "rational" dress for women.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1" title="February 1">February 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Auburn_University" title="Auburn University">Auburn University</a> is first chartered, as the East Alabama Male College.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">February 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas, Texas">Dallas, Texas</a>, is incorporated as a city.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_7" title="February 7">February 7</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Oudh" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawab of Oudh">Nawab of Oudh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wajid_Ali_Shah" title="Wajid Ali Shah">Wajid Ali Shah</a>, is exiled to <a href="/wiki/Metiabruz" class="mw-redirect" title="Metiabruz">Metiabruz</a> and the state is annexed by the British <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_12" title="February 12">February 12</a> – American <a href="/wiki/Clipper" title="Clipper">clipper</a> ships <i><a href="/wiki/Driver_(clipper)" title="Driver (clipper)">Driver</a></i> and <i>Ocean Queen</i> leave <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> and London respectively; both will be lost without trace in the Atlantic, perhaps due to ice, killing 374 and 123 respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">February 18</a> – The American <a href="/wiki/Know_Nothing" title="Know Nothing">Know Nothing</a> Party convenes in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> to nominate their first <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">Presidential</a> candidate, former President <a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March" title="March">March</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Great_Trigonometrical_Survey" title="Great Trigonometrical Survey">Great Trigonometrical Survey</a> of India officially gives 'Peak XV' (later to be named <a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest">Mount Everest</a>) the height of 29,002 ft (8,840 m). 'Peak IX' (<a href="/wiki/Kangchenjunga" title="Kangchenjunga">Kangchenjunga</a>), previously thought to be the world's highest, is confirmed as 28,156 ft (8,582 m).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauveine" title="Mauveine">Mauveine</a>, the first synthetic <a href="/wiki/Organic_chemistry" title="Organic chemistry">organic</a> <a href="/wiki/Dye" title="Dye">dye</a>, is discovered by <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Perkin" title="William Henry Perkin">William Henry Perkin</a>, while attempting to synthesize <a href="/wiki/Quinine" title="Quinine">quinine</a>. This eventually leads to the birth of the <a href="/wiki/Chemical_industry" title="Chemical industry">chemical industry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March" title="March">March</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nepalese%E2%80%93Tibetan_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepalese–Tibetan War">Nepalese–Tibetan War</a>: The signing of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Thapathali" title="Treaty of Thapathali">Treaty of Thapathali</a> concludes the war.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_5" title="March 5">March 5</a> – Fire destroys the <a href="/wiki/Covent_Garden_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Covent Garden Theatre">Covent Garden Theatre</a> in London.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_6" title="March 6">March 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Agricultural_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Agricultural College">Maryland Agricultural College</a> (modern-day <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park" title="University of Maryland, College Park">University of Maryland, College Park</a>) is chartered.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_20" title="March 20">March 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Filibuster_War" title="Filibuster War">Filibuster War</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Santa_Rosa" title="Battle of Santa Rosa">Battle of Santa Rosa</a>: – <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rican</a> troops rout <a href="/wiki/William_Walker_(filibuster)" title="William Walker (filibuster)">Walker</a>'s soldiers.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_24" title="March 24">March 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Taiping_Rebellion" title="Taiping Rebellion">Taiping Rebellion</a>: Suspecting treachery on the part of East King <a href="/wiki/Yang_Xiuqing" title="Yang Xiuqing">Yang Xiuqing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shi_Dakai" title="Shi Dakai">Shi Dakai</a> garrisons <a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a> and begins his march back to the Heavenly Capital, having defeated a strong Xiang Army detachment.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_31" title="March 31">March 31</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1856)" title="Treaty of Paris (1856)">Treaty of Paris</a> is signed, ending the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a>.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Covent_Garden_Theatre_1827-28.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Covent_Garden_Theatre_1827-28.jpg/250px-Covent_Garden_Theatre_1827-28.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Covent_Garden_Theatre_1827-28.jpg/330px-Covent_Garden_Theatre_1827-28.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Covent_Garden_Theatre_1827-28.jpg/500px-Covent_Garden_Theatre_1827-28.jpg 2x" data-file-width="678" data-file-height="403" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/March_5" title="March 5">March 5</a>: <a href="/wiki/Covent_Garden_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Covent Garden Theatre">Covent Garden Theatre</a> fire.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June"><span id="April.E2.80.93June"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April" title="April">April</a> – The <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Cape_Colony_from_1806_to_1870#Xhosa_cattle-killing_movement_and_famine_(1854-1858)" title="History of the Cape Colony from 1806 to 1870">Xhosa cattle-killing movement and famine</a> begins in <a href="/wiki/Cape_Colony" title="Cape Colony">Cape Colony</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_7" title="April 7">April 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nelson_College" title="Nelson College">Nelson College</a> is founded in <a href="/wiki/Nelson,_New_Zealand" title="Nelson, New Zealand">Nelson, New Zealand</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_10" title="April 10">April 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Theta_Chi" title="Theta Chi">Theta Chi</a> international college fraternity is founded at Norwich University in Vermont.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_16" title="April 16">April 16</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Paris_Declaration_Respecting_Maritime_Law" title="Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law">Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law</a> abolishes <a href="/wiki/Privateer" title="Privateer">privateering</a>, and regulates the relationship between neutral and belligerent and shipping on the high seas.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_17" title="April 17">April 17</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Chicago_History_Museum" title="Chicago History Museum">Chicago Historical Society Museum</a> is established at 1601 N. <a href="/wiki/Clark_Street,_Chicago" class="mw-redirect" title="Clark Street, Chicago">Clark Street, Chicago</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_21" title="April 21">April 21</a> – Building workers agitate for the <a href="/wiki/Eight-hour_day#Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Eight-hour day">eight-hour day</a> in <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, Australia.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_29" title="April 29">April 29</a> – The iron-hulled <a href="/wiki/Paddle_steamer" title="Paddle steamer">paddle steamer</a> <a href="/wiki/RMS_Persia" title="RMS Persia">RMS <i>Persia</i></a> concludes a 9-day 16 hour westbound <a href="/wiki/Transatlantic_crossing" title="Transatlantic crossing">transatlantic crossing</a>, at an average 13.11 knots (24.28 km/h), regaining the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Riband" title="Blue Riband">Blue Riband</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Cunard_Line" title="Cunard Line">Cunard Line</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1" title="May 1">May 1</a> – The province of <a href="/wiki/Isabela_(province)" title="Isabela (province)">Isabela</a> is created in the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, in honor of Queen <a href="/wiki/Isabella_II_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabella II of Spain">Isabella II of Spain</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_3" title="May 3">May 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> of the United Kingdom gives <a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a> to the population of the colony at <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands" title="History of the Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Island</a>, most being descendants of the <a href="/wiki/Mutiny_on_the_Bounty" title="Mutiny on the Bounty">Mutiny on the <i>Bounty</i></a>. They first settle on Norfolk Island on <a href="/wiki/June_8" title="June 8">June 8</a>. <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage" title="Women's suffrage">Women's suffrage</a>, as practiced on Pitcairn, is extended to Norfolk Island.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_14" title="May 14">May 14</a> – The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Committee_of_Vigilance" title="San Francisco Committee of Vigilance">San Francisco Committee of Vigilance</a> is founded in the United States. It lynches two <a href="/wiki/Gangster" title="Gangster">gangsters</a>, arrests most <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> officials, and disbands itself on <a href="/wiki/August_18" title="August 18">August 18</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_20" title="May 20">May 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/David_Livingstone" title="David Livingstone">David Livingstone</a> arrives at <a href="/wiki/Quelimane" title="Quelimane">Quelimane</a> on the Indian Ocean, having completed a 2-year transcontinental journey across Africa from <a href="/wiki/Luanda" title="Luanda">Luanda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_21" title="May 21">May 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sacking_of_Lawrence" title="Sacking of Lawrence">Sacking of Lawrence</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Kansas" title="Lawrence, Kansas">Lawrence, Kansas</a>, is captured and burned by pro-<a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_United_States" title="Slavery in the United States">slavery</a> forces.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_22" title="May 22">May 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Caning_of_Charles_Sumner" title="Caning of Charles Sumner">Caning of Charles Sumner</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States Congressman</a> <a href="/wiki/Preston_Brooks" title="Preston Brooks">Preston Brooks</a> of <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> beats <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner" title="Charles Sumner">Charles Sumner</a> with a cane in the hall of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> for a speech Sumner had made attacking pro-<a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slavery</a> Southerners, especially elderly South Carolina Senator <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Butler" title="Andrew Butler">Andrew Butler</a>, a relative of Brooks. Sumner is unable to return to duty for three years while he recovers; Brooks becomes a hero across the South.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_24" title="May 24">May 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pottawatomie_massacre" title="Pottawatomie massacre">Pottawatomie massacre</a>: A group of followers of radical <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States" title="Abolitionism in the United States">abolitionist</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Brown_(abolitionist)" title="John Brown (abolitionist)">John Brown</a> kill 5 homesteaders in <a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Kansas" title="Franklin County, Kansas">Franklin County, Kansas</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2" title="June 2">June 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Black_Jack" title="Battle of Black Jack">Battle of Black Jack</a>: Antislavery forces, led by <a href="/wiki/John_Brown_(abolitionist)" title="John Brown (abolitionist)">John Brown</a>, defeat proslavery forces in <a href="/wiki/Bleeding_Kansas" title="Bleeding Kansas">Bleeding Kansas</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_9" title="June 9">June 9</a> – 500 <a href="/wiki/Mormon_handcart_pioneers" title="Mormon handcart pioneers">Mormon handcart pioneers</a> leave <a href="/wiki/Iowa_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa City">Iowa City</a> and head west for <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City,_Utah" class="mw-redirect" title="Salt Lake City, Utah">Salt Lake City, Utah</a>, carrying all their possessions in two-wheeled handcarts.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_13" title="June 13">June 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Taiping_Rebellion" title="Taiping Rebellion">Taiping Rebellion</a>: <a href="/wiki/Shi_Dakai" title="Shi Dakai">Shi Dakai</a> arrives at <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_20" title="June 20">June 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/General_Mills" title="General Mills">General Mills</a> is founded in <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis,_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis, Minnesota">Minneapolis, Minnesota</a>, United States, as the Minneapolis Milling Company.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September"><span id="July.E2.80.93September"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_9" title="July 9">July 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Natal" title="Colony of Natal">Natal</a> becomes a British <a href="/wiki/Crown_colony" title="Crown colony">Crown colony</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CBH_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBH-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_14" title="July 14">July 14</a>–<a href="/wiki/July_15" title="July 15">15</a> – In Spain, General <a href="/wiki/Leopoldo_O%27Donnell" title="Leopoldo O'Donnell">Leopoldo O'Donnell</a> takes control of the government, bringing an end to the <i><a href="/wiki/Bienio_progresista" title="Bienio progresista">bienio progresista</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_17" title="July 17">July 17</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Great_Train_Wreck_of_1856" title="Great Train Wreck of 1856">Great Train Wreck</a> (the worst railroad calamity in the world to date) occurs near <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, United States.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_31" title="July 31">July 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christchurch" title="Christchurch">Christchurch</a>, New Zealand, is chartered as a city.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August" title="August">August</a> – <a href="/wiki/Neanderthal_1" title="Neanderthal 1">Pre-human remains</a> are found in the <a href="/wiki/Neanderthal" title="Neanderthal">Neanderthal Valley</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_10" title="August 10">August 10</a> – The <a href="/wiki/1856_Last_Island_hurricane" title="1856 Last Island hurricane">Last Island hurricane</a> destroys <a href="/wiki/Last_Island,_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Last Island, Louisiana">Last Island, Louisiana</a>, leaving 400 dead. The whole island is broken up into several smaller islands by the storm.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Osawatomie" title="Battle of Osawatomie">Battle of Osawatomie</a>: Proslavery forces defeat antislavery forces in <a href="/wiki/Bleeding_Kansas" title="Bleeding Kansas">Bleeding Kansas</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1" title="September 1">September 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Seton_Hall_University" title="Seton Hall University">Seton Hall University</a> is founded in <a href="/wiki/South_Orange,_New_Jersey" title="South Orange, New Jersey">South Orange, New Jersey</a>, by Roman Catholic Bishop of Newark <a href="/wiki/James_Roosevelt_Bayley" title="James Roosevelt Bayley">James Roosevelt Bayley</a>, a cousin of future U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> and nephew of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Elizabeth_Ann_Seton" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton">Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2" title="September 2">September 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Taiping_Rebellion" title="Taiping Rebellion">Taiping Rebellion</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wei_Changhui" title="Wei Changhui">Wei Changhui</a> and <a href="/wiki/Qin_Rigang" title="Qin Rigang">Qin Rigang</a> assassinate <a href="/wiki/Yang_Xiuqing" title="Yang Xiuqing">Yang Xiuqing</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_7" title="September 7">September 7</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Saimaa_Canal" title="Saimaa Canal">Saimaa Canal</a> was inaugurated.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December"><span id="October.E2.80.93December"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_8" title="October 8">October 8</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Second_Opium_War" title="Second Opium War">Second Opium War</a> between several Western powers and China begins with the <i>Arrow</i> Incident on the <a href="/wiki/Pearl_River_(China)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pearl River (China)">Pearl River</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_12" title="October 12">October 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/1856_Heraklion_earthquake" title="1856 Heraklion earthquake">1856 Heraklion earthquake</a>: A powerful earthquake rocks the Mediterranean, killing hundreds on the island of Crete and many more in the Middle East.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_13" title="October 13">October 13</a> – American mercenary <a href="/wiki/William_Walker_(filibuster)" title="William Walker (filibuster)">William Walker</a> effectively takes control of <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1" title="November 1">November 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Persian_War" title="Anglo-Persian War">Anglo-Persian War</a>: War is declared between Great Britain and <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_4" title="November 4">November 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/1856_United_States_presidential_election" title="1856 United States presidential election">1856 United States presidential election</a>: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">James Buchanan</a> defeats former President <a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a>, representing a coalition of <a href="/wiki/Know_Nothing" title="Know Nothing">Know Nothings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whigs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_C._Fr%C3%A9mont" title="John C. Frémont">John C. Frémont</a> of the fledgling <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>, to become the 15th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_11" title="November 11">November 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Taiping_Rebellion" title="Taiping Rebellion">Taiping Rebellion</a>: <a href="/wiki/Shi_Dakai" title="Shi Dakai">Shi Dakai</a> arrives at the Heavenly Capital once more with 100,000 men, and demands that <a href="/wiki/Wei_Changhui" title="Wei Changhui">Wei Changhui</a> and Qin Rigang be executed. Shi subsequently becomes head of the government.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_17" title="November 17">November 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/American_Old_West" class="mw-redirect" title="American Old West">American Old West</a>: On the <a href="/wiki/Sonoita_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonoita River">Sonoita River</a> in modern-day southern <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> establishes <a href="/wiki/Fort_Buchanan,_Arizona" title="Fort Buchanan, Arizona">Fort Buchanan</a>, in order to help control new land acquired in the <a href="/wiki/Gadsden_Purchase" title="Gadsden Purchase">Gadsden Purchase</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_21" title="November 21">November 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Niagara_University" title="Niagara University">Niagara University</a> is founded in <a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="Niagara Falls, New York">Niagara Falls, New York</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_27" title="November 27">November 27</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Coup_of_1856" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxembourg Coup of 1856">Coup of 1856</a> leads to <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a>'s unilateral adoption of a new, reactionary <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Luxembourg" title="Constitution of Luxembourg">constitution</a>, as <a href="/wiki/King-Grand_Duke" title="King-Grand Duke">King-Grand Duke</a> <a href="/wiki/William_III_of_the_Netherlands" title="William III of the Netherlands">William III</a> signs the new constitution without the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Luxembourg)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourg)">Chamber of Deputies</a>' consent.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1" title="December 1">December 1</a> – Under the <a href="/wiki/County_and_Borough_Police_Act_1856" title="County and Borough Police Act 1856">County and Borough Police Act</a>, in any county or area of <a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a> where a police force has not already been established, the <a href="/wiki/Justice_of_the_Peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Justice of the Peace">Justices of the Peace</a> must from this date take steps to create one according to nationally defined standards.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2" title="December 2">December 2</a> – The <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery, London</a>, is established.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_9" title="December 9">December 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bushehr" title="Bushehr">Bushehr</a> surrenders to the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">British</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gregor_Mendel" title="Gregor Mendel">Gregor Mendel</a> starts his research on <a href="/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics">genetics</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Warne" title="Kate Warne">Kate Warne</a>, the first female <a href="/wiki/Private_detective" class="mw-redirect" title="Private detective">private detective</a>, begins to work for the <a href="/wiki/Pinkerton_Detective_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinkerton Detective Agency">Pinkerton Detective Agency</a>.</li> <li>Legal protection of widow remarriage is extended in India.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Paul%27s_School,_Belgaum" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Paul's School, Belgaum">St. Paul's School, Belgaum</a>, is founded by the <a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a> in <a href="/wiki/Belgaum" title="Belgaum">Belgaum</a>, India.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/British_Guiana_1c_magenta" title="British Guiana 1c magenta">British Guiana 1c magenta</a> <a href="/wiki/Postage_stamp" title="Postage stamp">postage stamp</a> is issued in <a href="/wiki/British_Guiana" title="British Guiana">British Guiana</a> in limited numbers; the one surviving specimen will become regarded as the world's rarest stamp.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Global <a href="/wiki/Financial_services" title="Financial services">financial services</a> business <a href="/wiki/Credit_Suisse" title="Credit Suisse">Credit Suisse</a> is founded as La Schweizerische Kreditanstalt.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles III of Monaco">Charles III of Monaco</a> grants a concession to Napoléon Langlois and Albert Aubert to establish a German-style <a href="/wiki/Casino" title="Casino">casino</a> at <a href="/wiki/Monte_Carlo" title="Monte Carlo">Monte Carlo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March_2"><span id="January.E2.80.93March_2"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippe_P%C3%A9tain_(en_civil,_autour_de_1930).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Philippe_P%C3%A9tain_%28en_civil%2C_autour_de_1930%29.jpg/110px-Philippe_P%C3%A9tain_%28en_civil%2C_autour_de_1930%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Philippe_P%C3%A9tain_%28en_civil%2C_autour_de_1930%29.jpg/165px-Philippe_P%C3%A9tain_%28en_civil%2C_autour_de_1930%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Philippe_P%C3%A9tain_%28en_civil%2C_autour_de_1930%29.jpg/220px-Philippe_P%C3%A9tain_%28en_civil%2C_autour_de_1930%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7121" data-file-height="9104" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Henri_Philippe_P%C3%A9tain" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri Philippe Pétain">Henri Philippe Pétain</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ELIZABETH_MARNEY_CONNER.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/ELIZABETH_MARNEY_CONNER.jpg/120px-ELIZABETH_MARNEY_CONNER.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/ELIZABETH_MARNEY_CONNER.jpg/250px-ELIZABETH_MARNEY_CONNER.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="746" data-file-height="1047" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Marney_Conner" title="Elizabeth Marney Conner">Elizabeth Marney Conner</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_6" title="January 6">January 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Martin_von_Feuerstein" title="Martin von Feuerstein">Martin von Feuerstein</a>, German painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_9" title="January 9">January 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lizette_Woodworth_Reese" title="Lizette Woodworth Reese">Lizette Woodworth Reese</a>, American poet and teacher (d. <a href="/wiki/1935" title="1935">1935</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_11" title="January 11">January 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christian_Sinding" title="Christian Sinding">Christian Sinding</a>, Norwegian composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_12" title="January 12">January 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Singer_Sargent" title="John Singer Sargent">John Singer Sargent</a>, American artist (d. <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_27" title="January 27">January 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tel%C3%A9maco_Susini" title="Telémaco Susini">Telémaco Susini</a>, Argentinian physician (d. <a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_31" title="January 31">January 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hermann_von_Fran%C3%A7ois" title="Hermann von François">Hermann von François</a>, German general (d. <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">February 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_Vanderbilt" title="Frederick William Vanderbilt">Frederick William Vanderbilt</a>, American railway magnate (d. <a href="/wiki/1938" title="1938">1938</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_4" title="February 4">February 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Otani_Kikuzo" title="Otani Kikuzo">Otani Kikuzo</a>, Japanese general (d. <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_5" title="February 5">February 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frank_Podmore" title="Frank Podmore">Frank Podmore</a>, British psychical researcher (d. <a href="/wiki/1910" title="1910">1910</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_9" title="February 9">February 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hara_Takashi" title="Hara Takashi">Hara Takashi</a>, Japanese politician, 10th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister of Japan</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1921" title="1921">1921</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_12" title="February 12">February 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Eduard_von_B%C3%B6hm-Ermolli" title="Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli">Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli</a>, Austrian general, German field marshal (d. <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_14" title="February 14">February 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frank_Harris" title="Frank Harris">Frank Harris</a>, Irish author, editor (d. <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_15" title="February 15">February 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Emil_Kraepelin" title="Emil Kraepelin">Emil Kraepelin</a>, German psychiatrist (d. <a href="/wiki/1926" title="1926">1926</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_17" title="February 17">February 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Arnold_von_Winckler" title="Arnold von Winckler">Arnold von Winckler</a>, German general (d. <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_21" title="February 21">February 21</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Puhallo_von_Brlog" title="Paul Puhallo von Brlog">Paul Puhallo von Brlog</a>, Croatian Austro-Hungarian general (d. <a href="/wiki/1926" title="1926">1926</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurycy_Gottlieb" title="Maurycy Gottlieb">Maurycy Gottlieb</a>, Ukrainian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1879" title="1879">1879</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_26" title="February 26">February 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Marney_Conner" title="Elizabeth Marney Conner">Elizabeth Marney Conner</a>, American elocutionist (unknown year of death)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2" title="March 2">March 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_Dartige_du_Fournet" title="Louis Dartige du Fournet">Louis Dartige du Fournet</a>, French admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_4" title="March 4">March 4</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Drewe" title="Julius Drewe">Julius Drewe</a>, English businessman, retailer and entrepreneur (d. <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_William_Rich" title="Alfred William Rich">Alfred William Rich</a>, English watercolour painter, author (d. <a href="/wiki/1921" title="1921">1921</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_8" title="March 8">March 8</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bramwell_Booth" title="Bramwell Booth">Bramwell Booth</a>, English Salvation Army general (d. <a href="/wiki/1929" title="1929">1929</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Roberts" title="Tom Roberts">Tom Roberts</a>, Australian artist (d. <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_9" title="March 9">March 9</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Foy_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Eddie Foy Sr.">Eddie Foy Sr.</a>, American vaudevillian (d. <a href="/wiki/1928" title="1928">1928</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules-Albert_de_Dion" title="Jules-Albert de Dion">Jules-Albert de Dion</a>, French automobile pioneer (d. <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_16" title="March 16">March 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on,_Prince_Imperial" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoléon, Prince Imperial">Napoléon, Prince Imperial</a> of France (k. <a href="/wiki/1879" title="1879">1879</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_20" title="March 20">March 20</a> <ul><li>Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Lavery" title="John Lavery">John Lavery</a>, Irish artist (d. <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Winslow_Taylor" title="Frederick Winslow Taylor">Frederick Winslow Taylor</a>, American inventor and efficiency expert (d. <a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_26" title="March 26">March 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Massey" title="William Massey">William Massey</a>, Irish-born 19th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June_2"><span id="April.E2.80.93June_2"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_4" title="April 4">April 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Washington_Irving_Chambers" title="Washington Irving Chambers">Washington Irving Chambers</a>, American naval officer (d. <a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_5" title="April 5">April 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Booker_T._Washington" title="Booker T. Washington">Booker T. Washington</a>, American educator (d. <a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_6" title="April 6">April 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Sarrail" title="Maurice Sarrail">Maurice Sarrail</a>, French general (d. <a href="/wiki/1929" title="1929">1929</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_12" title="April 12">April 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Martin_Conway,_1st_Baron_Conway_of_Allington" title="Martin Conway, 1st Baron Conway of Allington">Martin Conway</a>, British art critic, mountaineer (d. <a href="/wiki/1937" title="1937">1937</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_14" title="April 14">April 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Albert_W._Grant" title="Albert W. Grant">Albert W. Grant</a>, American admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_18" title="April 18">April 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hammerton_Killick" title="Hammerton Killick">Hammerton Killick</a>, Haitian admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1902" title="1902">1902</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_23" title="April 23">April 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Granville_Woods" title="Granville Woods">Granville Woods</a>, African-American inventor (d. <a href="/wiki/1910" title="1910">1910</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_24" title="April 24">April 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philippe_P%C3%A9tain" title="Philippe Pétain">Philippe Pétain</a>, French soldier, statesman (d. <a href="/wiki/1951" title="1951">1951</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_26" title="April 26">April 26</a> – Sir <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Ward" title="Joseph Ward">Joseph Ward</a>, 17th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand" title="Prime Minister of New Zealand">Prime Minister of New Zealand</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">April 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tongzhi_Emperor" title="Tongzhi Emperor">Tongzhi Emperor</a> of China (d. <a href="/wiki/1875" title="1875">1875</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_6" title="May 6">May 6</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a>, Austrian neurologist (d. <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peary" title="Robert Peary">Robert Peary</a>, American Arctic explorer (d. <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_8" title="May 8">May 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Lascur%C3%A1in" title="Pedro Lascuráin">Pedro Lascuráin</a>, 34th <a href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico" title="President of Mexico">President of Mexico</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1952" title="1952">1952</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_15" title="May 15">May 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a>, American author, poet, playwright, actor and independent filmmaker (<i>The Wizard of Oz</i>) (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_18" title="May 18">May 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Pecori_Giraldi" title="Guglielmo Pecori Giraldi">Guglielmo Pecori Giraldi</a>, Italian nobleman, general and politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_21" title="May 21">May 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Batlle_y_Ord%C3%B3%C3%B1ez" title="José Batlle y Ordóñez">José Batlle y Ordóñez</a>, Twice President of Uruguay (d. <a href="/wiki/1929" title="1929">1929</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_25" title="May 25">May 25</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1n_Bah%C3%BD%C4%BE" title="Ján Bahýľ">Ján Bahýľ</a>, Slovak engineer, inventor (d. <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Franchet_d%27Esp%C3%A8rey" title="Louis Franchet d'Espèrey">Louis Franchet d'Espèrey</a>, French general (d. <a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_14" title="June 14">June 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Andrey_Markov" title="Andrey Markov">Andrey Markov</a>, Russian mathematician (d. <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_22" title="June 22">June 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/H._Rider_Haggard" title="H. Rider Haggard">H. Rider Haggard</a>, English novelist (d. <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_29" title="June 29">June 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maria_Cederschi%C3%B6ld" title="Maria Cederschiöld">Maria Cederschiöld</a>, Swedish journalist (d. <a href="/wiki/1935" title="1935">1935</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September_2"><span id="July.E2.80.93September_2"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tesla_circa_1890.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Tesla_circa_1890.jpeg/110px-Tesla_circa_1890.jpeg" decoding="async" width="110" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Tesla_circa_1890.jpeg/165px-Tesla_circa_1890.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Tesla_circa_1890.jpeg/220px-Tesla_circa_1890.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="1260" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla" title="Nikola Tesla">Nikola Tesla</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alfred_Deakin_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Alfred_Deakin_crop.jpg/110px-Alfred_Deakin_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Alfred_Deakin_crop.jpg/165px-Alfred_Deakin_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Alfred_Deakin_crop.jpg/220px-Alfred_Deakin_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="551" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Deakin" title="Alfred Deakin">Alfred Deakin</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kate_Douglas_Wiggin_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kate_Douglas_Wiggin_01.jpg/120px-Kate_Douglas_Wiggin_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kate_Douglas_Wiggin_01.jpg/250px-Kate_Douglas_Wiggin_01.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="515" data-file-height="654" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kate_Douglas_Wiggin" title="Kate Douglas Wiggin">Kate Douglas Wiggin</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_McClellan_(Chatham).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/George_McClellan_%28Chatham%29.jpg/110px-George_McClellan_%28Chatham%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/George_McClellan_%28Chatham%29.jpg/165px-George_McClellan_%28Chatham%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/George_McClellan_%28Chatham%29.jpg/220px-George_McClellan_%28Chatham%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="414" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_McClellan_(New_York_politician)" title="George McClellan (New York politician)">George McClellan</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg%28cropped%29.jpg/110px-Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg%28cropped%29.jpg/165px-Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1342" data-file-height="1931" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg" title="Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg">Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:J.J_Thomson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/J.J_Thomson.jpg/120px-J.J_Thomson.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/J.J_Thomson.jpg/250px-J.J_Thomson.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1563" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/J._J._Thomson" title="J. J. Thomson">J. J. Thomson</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_December_2_1912.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_December_2_1912.jpg/120px-President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_December_2_1912.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_December_2_1912.jpg/250px-President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_December_2_1912.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2976" data-file-height="3623" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">July 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Georg_von_der_Marwitz" title="Georg von der Marwitz">Georg von der Marwitz</a>, German general (d. <a href="/wiki/1929" title="1929">1929</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_10" title="July 10">July 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla" title="Nikola Tesla">Nikola Tesla</a>, Serbian-American inventor (d. <a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_11" title="July 11">July 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Georgiana_Drew" title="Georgiana Drew">Georgiana Drew</a>, American stage actress, married <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Barrymore" title="Maurice Barrymore">Maurice Barrymore</a> in 1876 (d. <a href="/wiki/1893" title="1893">1893</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_23" title="July 23">July 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak" title="Bal Gangadhar Tilak">Bal Gangadhar Tilak</a>, Indian political activist (d. <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_24" title="July 24">July 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Ware_Mann" title="Franklin Ware Mann">Franklin Ware Mann</a>, American inventor (d. <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_26" title="July 26">July 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a>, Irish writer, <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize</a> laureate (d. <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_27" title="July 27">July 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Francis_Mossell" title="Nathan Francis Mossell">Nathan Francis Mossell</a>, physician, 1st African American graduate of the <a href="/wiki/Perelman_School_of_Medicine_at_the_University_of_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine</a> and founder of the <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Douglass" title="Frederick Douglass">Frederick Douglass</a> Memorial Hospital and Training School (d. <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_30" title="July 30">July 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Bates" title="Harriet Bates">Harriet Bates</a>, American author (d. <a href="/wiki/1886" title="1886">1886</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_3" title="August 3">August 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Deakin" title="Alfred Deakin">Alfred Deakin</a>, 2nd <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Prime Minister of Australia</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_10" title="August 10">August 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Willett" title="William Willett">William Willett</a>, British promoter of Daylight Saving Time (d. <a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_12" title="August 12">August 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Jim_Brady" title="Diamond Jim Brady">Diamond Jim Brady</a>, American businessman and philanthropist (d. <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_15" title="August 15">August 15</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Franko" title="Ivan Franko">Ivan Franko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainian</a> poet, critic, journalist and political activist (d. <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Hardie" title="Keir Hardie">Keir Hardie</a>, British labour leader (d. <a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1" title="September 1">September 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Winogradsky" title="Sergei Winogradsky">Sergei Winogradsky</a>, Russian scientist (d. <a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_3" title="September 3">September 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_Sullivan" title="Louis Sullivan">Louis Sullivan</a>, American architect (d. <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_18" title="September 18">September 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_von_Gloeden" title="Wilhelm von Gloeden">Wilhelm von Gloeden</a>, German photographer (d. <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_19" title="September 19">September 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Miguel_R._D%C3%A1vila" title="Miguel R. Dávila">Miguel R. Dávila</a>, Honduranian general, 21st <a href="/wiki/President_of_Honduras" title="President of Honduras">President of Honduras</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1927" title="1927">1927</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">September 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kate_Douglas_Wiggin" title="Kate Douglas Wiggin">Kate Douglas Wiggin</a>, American author of <i><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_of_Sunnybrook_Farm" title="Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm">Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm</a></i> (d. <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December_2"><span id="October.E2.80.93December_2"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_15" title="October 15">October 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Nivelle" title="Robert Nivelle">Robert Nivelle</a>, French general (d. <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_21" title="October 21">October 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Plancarte_y_Navarrete" title="Francisco Plancarte y Navarrete">Francisco Plancarte y Navarrete</a>, Mexican archaeologist and Archbishop of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Monterrey" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Monterrey">Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Monterrey</a> (d. June 2, <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_23" title="October 23">October 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Thomas_Turner" title="William Thomas Turner">William Thomas Turner</a>, British ship's captain with <a href="/wiki/Cunard_Steamship_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Cunard Steamship Company">Cunard Steamship Company</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_30" title="October 30">October 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Leroux" title="Charles Leroux">Charles Leroux</a>, American balloonist, parachutist (d. <a href="/wiki/1889" title="1889">1889</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_9" title="November 9">November 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Eberhardt" title="Andrei Eberhardt">Andrei Eberhardt</a>, Russian admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_13" title="November 13">November 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_Brandeis" title="Louis Brandeis">Louis Brandeis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States">Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_14" title="November 14">November 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/J._M._Robertson" title="J. M. Robertson">J. M. Robertson</a>, British <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal Party</a> politician, writer and journalist, <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Board_of_Trade" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade">Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_17" title="November 17">November 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Demetrio_Castillo_Duany" title="Demetrio Castillo Duany">Demetrio Castillo Duany</a>, Cuban revolutionary, soldier and politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_21" title="November 21">November 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Emerson_Ritter" title="William Emerson Ritter">William Emerson Ritter</a>, American biologist (d. <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_22" title="November 22">November 22</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heber_J._Grant" title="Heber J. Grant">Heber J. Grant</a>, 7th president of <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melbourne_MacDowell" title="Melbourne MacDowell">Melbourne MacDowell</a>, American stage and film actor (d. <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_24" title="November 24">November 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bat_Masterson" title="Bat Masterson">Bat Masterson</a>, American lawman (d. <a href="/wiki/1921" title="1921">1921</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_28" title="November 28">November 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mary_Catherine_Crowley" title="Mary Catherine Crowley">Mary Catherine Crowley</a>, American author (d. <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_29" title="November 29">November 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg" title="Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg">Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany_(German_Reich)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chancellor of Germany (German Reich)">Chancellor of Germany</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1921" title="1921">1921</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2" title="December 2">December 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Kajanus" title="Robert Kajanus">Robert Kajanus</a>, Finnish conductor, composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_6" title="December 6">December 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_Molisch" title="Hans Molisch">Hans Molisch</a>, Czech-Austrian botanist (d. <a href="/wiki/1937" title="1937">1937</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_10" title="December 10">December 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dewa_Shiget%C5%8D" title="Dewa Shigetō">Dewa Shigetō</a>, Japanese admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_11" title="December 11">December 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Georgi_Plekhanov" title="Georgi Plekhanov">Georgi Plekhanov</a>, Russian revolutionary, Marxist theoretician (d. <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_13" title="December 13">December 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Svetozar_Boroevi%C4%87" title="Svetozar Boroević">Svetozar Boroević</a>, Austrian field marshal (d. <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_18" title="December 18">December 18</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graciano_L%C3%B3pez_Jaena" title="Graciano López Jaena">Graciano López Jaena</a>, Filipino journalist, writer and patriot (d. <a href="/wiki/1896" title="1896">1896</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._J._Thomson" title="J. J. Thomson">J. J. Thomson</a>, English physicist, <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize</a> laureate (d. <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_22" title="December 22">December 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frank_B._Kellogg" title="Frank B. Kellogg">Frank B. Kellogg</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1937" title="1937">1937</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_23" title="December 23">December 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan_Duke" title="James Buchanan Duke">James Buchanan Duke</a>, American tobacco and electric power industrialist (d. <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_25" title="December 25">December 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Bartels" title="Hans von Bartels">Hans von Bartels</a>, German painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_28" title="December 28">December 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a>, 28th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown_2">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCbeyde_Han%C4%B1m" title="Zübeyde Hanım">Zübeyde Hanım</a>, mother of <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Mustafa Kemal Atatürk</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Nepomuceno_Rencoret" title="Juan Nepomuceno Rencoret">Juan Nepomuceno Rencoret</a>, Chilean doctor (d. ?)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–June"><span id="January.E2.80.93June"></span>January–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: January–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heinrich_Heine.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Heinrich_Heine.PNG/120px-Heinrich_Heine.PNG" decoding="async" width="110" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Heinrich_Heine.PNG/250px-Heinrich_Heine.PNG 1.5x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="518" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Heine" title="Heinrich Heine">Heinrich Heine</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_4" title="January 4">January 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brudenell-Bruce,_1st_Marquess_of_Ailesbury" title="Charles Brudenell-Bruce, 1st Marquess of Ailesbury">Charles Brudenell-Bruce, 1st Marquess of Ailesbury</a>, British politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1773" title="1773">1773</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_14" title="January 14">January 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Janko_Dra%C5%A1kovi%C4%87" title="Janko Drašković">Janko Drašković</a>, Croatian politician, reformer (b. <a href="/wiki/1770" title="1770">1770</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_16" title="January 16">January 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_William_Harris" title="Thaddeus William Harris">Thaddeus William Harris</a>, American naturalist (b. <a href="/wiki/1795" title="1795">1795</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_31" title="January 31">January 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Khedrup_Gyatso,_11th_Dalai_Lama" class="mw-redirect" title="Khedrup Gyatso, 11th Dalai Lama">Khedrup Gyatso, 11th Dalai Lama</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1838" title="1838">1838</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_4" title="February 4">February 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anna_Gottlieb" title="Anna Gottlieb">Anna Gottlieb</a>, Austrian operatic soprano (b. <a href="/wiki/1774" title="1774">1774</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_17" title="February 17">February 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Heine" title="Heinrich Heine">Heinrich Heine</a>, German writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_3" title="May 3">May 3</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Charles_Adam" class="mw-redirect" title="Adolphe Charles Adam">Adolphe Charles Adam</a>, French composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1803" title="1803">1803</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-%C3%89tienne_Saint-Denis" title="Louis-Étienne Saint-Denis">Louis-Étienne Saint-Denis</a>, Arab-French memoir writer and servant to Napoleon I (b. 1788)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_23" title="June 23">June 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Kireyevsky" title="Ivan Kireyevsky">Ivan Kireyevsky</a>, Russian literary critic, philosopher (b. <a href="/wiki/1806" title="1806">1806</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_26" title="June 26">June 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Max_Stirner" title="Max Stirner">Max Stirner</a>, German philosopher (b. <a href="/wiki/1806" title="1806">1806</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–December"><span id="July.E2.80.93December"></span>July–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: July–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Avogadro_Amedeo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Avogadro_Amedeo.jpg/110px-Avogadro_Amedeo.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Avogadro_Amedeo.jpg/165px-Avogadro_Amedeo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Avogadro_Amedeo.jpg/220px-Avogadro_Amedeo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="764" data-file-height="925" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Amedeo_Avogadro" title="Amedeo Avogadro">Amedeo Avogadro</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Schumann-photo1850.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Schumann-photo1850.jpg/120px-Schumann-photo1850.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Schumann-photo1850.jpg/250px-Schumann-photo1850.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">Robert Schumann</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_9" title="July 9">July 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Amedeo_Avogadro" title="Amedeo Avogadro">Amedeo Avogadro</a>, Italian chemist (b. <a href="/wiki/1776" title="1776">1776</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_11" title="July 11">July 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Norberto_Ram%C3%ADrez" title="Norberto Ramírez">Norberto Ramírez</a>, Central American politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_14" title="July 14">July 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Vernon_Utterson" title="Edward Vernon Utterson">Edward Vernon Utterson</a>, English lawyer, literary antiquary, collector and editor (b. <a href="/wiki/1775" title="1775">1775</a>/<a href="/wiki/1776" title="1776">1776</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_20" title="July 20">July 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anna_Nielsen_(1803%E2%80%931856)" title="Anna Nielsen (1803–1856)">Anna Nielsen</a>, Danish mezzo-soprano (b. <a href="/wiki/1803" title="1803">1803</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_29" title="July 29">July 29</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karel_Havl%C3%AD%C4%8Dek_Borovsk%C3%BD" title="Karel Havlíček Borovský">Karel Havlíček Borovský</a>, Czech politician, writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1821" title="1821">1821</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">Robert Schumann</a>, German composer, pianist (b. <a href="/wiki/1810" title="1810">1810</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_6" title="August 6">August 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lucas_de_Pearsall" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Lucas de Pearsall">Robert Lucas de Pearsall</a>, English composer; setting of "In dulce jubilo" (b. <a href="/wiki/1795" title="1795">1795</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_14" title="August 14">August 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Buckland" title="William Buckland">William Buckland</a>, English geologist, palaeontologist (b. <a href="/wiki/1784" title="1784">1784</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_19" title="August 19">August 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anna_Maria_R%C3%BCttimann-Meyer_von_Schauensee" title="Anna Maria Rüttimann-Meyer von Schauensee">Anna Maria Rüttimann-Meyer von Schauensee</a>, politically active Swiss salonist (b. <a href="/wiki/1772" title="1772">1772</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_29" title="August 29">August 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mary_Anne_Schimmelpenninck" title="Mary Anne Schimmelpenninck">Mary Anne Schimmelpenninck</a>, British Christian writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1778" title="1778">1778</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Abbott_%C3%A0_Beckett" title="Gilbert Abbott à Beckett">Gilbert Abbott à Beckett</a>, English writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1811" title="1811">1811</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_3" title="September 3">September 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hon%C3%B3rio_Hermeto_Carneiro_Le%C3%A3o,_Marquis_of_Paran%C3%A1" title="Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leão, Marquis of Paraná">Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leão, Marquis of Paraná</a>, Brazilian politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1801" title="1801">1801</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_19" title="October 19">October 19</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josceline_Percy_(Royal_Navy_officer)" title="Josceline Percy (Royal Navy officer)">Josceline Percy</a>, British admiral (b. <a href="/wiki/1784" title="1784">1784</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sprague_III" title="William Sprague III">William Sprague III</a>, American politician from Rhode Island (b. <a href="/wiki/1799" title="1799">1799</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Said_bin_Sultan,_Sultan_of_Muscat_and_Oman" class="mw-redirect" title="Said bin Sultan, Sultan of Muscat and Oman">Said bin Sultan, Sultan of Muscat and Oman</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_21" title="October 21">October 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Plancarte_y_Navarrete" title="Francisco Plancarte y Navarrete">Francisco Plancarte y Navarrete</a>, Mexican archaeologist and Archbishop of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Monterrey" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Monterrey">Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Monterrey</a> (d. June 2, <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_23" title="November 23">November 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Manuela_S%C3%A1enz" title="Manuela Sáenz">Manuela Sáenz</a>, Colombian national heroine (b. <a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">December 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Bentivegna" title="Francesco Bentivegna">Francesco Bentivegna</a>, Italian revolutionary (b. <a href="/wiki/1820" title="1820">1820</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown_3">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enriqueta_Favez" title="Enriqueta Favez">Enriqueta Favez</a>, Swiss physician, surgeon (b. <a href="/wiki/1791" title="1791">1791</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juana_Ram%C3%ADrez" title="Juana Ramírez">Juana Ramírez</a>, "La Avanzadora", Venezuelan heroine (b. <a href="/wiki/1790" title="1790">1790</a>)</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fve02">Veatch, John Allen, Texas State Historical Association</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLinsleyRienstradStiles2002" class="citation book cs1">Linsley, Judith; Rienstrad, Ellen; Stiles, Jo (2002). <i>Giant Under the Hill, A History of the Spindletop Oil Discovery at Beaumont, Texas in 1901</i>. Austin: Texas State Historical Association. pp. <span class="nowrap">9–</span>11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780876112366" title="Special:BookSources/9780876112366"><bdi>9780876112366</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Giant+Under+the+Hill%2C+A+History+of+the+Spindletop+Oil+Discovery+at+Beaumont%2C+Texas+in+1901&rft.place=Austin&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E9-%3C%2Fspan%3E11&rft.pub=Texas+State+Historical+Association&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780876112366&rft.aulast=Linsley&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.au=Rienstrad%2C+Ellen&rft.au=Stiles%2C+Jo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:Shipping_Gazette-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:Shipping_Gazette_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1861/08/07/archives/reminisecence-of-the-lost-steamship-pacific-interesting-statement.html">"Reminisecence of the Lost Steamship Pacific.; INTERESTING STATEMENT"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. London Shipping Gazette. August 7, 1861. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2020</span>. <q>Our readers may have observed recently, amongst our maritime extracts, the copy of the contents of a slip of paper, found in a bottle some weeks ago, on the western coast of Uls, in the Hebrides, and forwarded to us by our agent at Sternoway. The paper in question, apparently the leaf of a pocketbook, used in the hurry of the moment, was covered on both sides with pencil marks, from which the following was with difficulty deciphered: <i>On board the Pacific, from L'pool to N. York. Ship going down. (Great) confusion on board. Icebergs around us on every side. I know I cannot escape. I write the cause of our loss, that friends may not live in suspense. The finder of this will please get it published, WM. GRAHAM.</i> If we are right in our conjecture, the ship here named is the Pacific, one of the Collins line of steamers, which vessel left Liverpool on Jan. 23, 1856, three days before the Persia, and has not since been heard of; and this slip of paper, three inches by two, is probably the only record of the fate of that missing ship.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Reminisecence+of+the+Lost+Steamship+Pacific.%3B+INTERESTING+STATEMENT.&rft.date=1861-08-07&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1861%2F08%2F07%2Farchives%2Freminisecence-of-the-lost-steamship-pacific-interesting-statement.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726152211/http://historync.org/railroads.htm">"Railroads — prior to the Civil War"</a>. <i>North Carolina Business History</i>. 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historync.org/railroads.htm">the original</a> on July 26, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 26,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=North+Carolina+Business+History&rft.atitle=Railroads+%E2%80%94+prior+to+the+Civil+War&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historync.org%2Frailroads.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030313/1856-06-03/ed-1/seq-12/">"Missing Ships – The Gales of the Past Winter - A Melancholy Catalogue"</a>. <i>The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald" title="New York Herald">New York Herald</a></i>. June 3, 1856. p. 12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2019</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Herald&rft.atitle=Missing+Ships+%E2%80%93+The+Gales+of+the+Past+Winter+-+A+Melancholy+Catalogue&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1856-06-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn83030313%2F1856-06-03%2Fed-1%2Fseq-12%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGarfield2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Garfield" title="Simon Garfield">Garfield, Simon</a> (2000). <i>Mauve: How One Man Invented a Colour that Changed the World</i>. London: Faber. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-571-20197-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-571-20197-0"><bdi>0-571-20197-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mauve%3A+How+One+Man+Invented+a+Colour+that+Changed+the+World&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Faber&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-571-20197-0&rft.aulast=Garfield&rft.aufirst=Simon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unimaps.com/cafrica-explored/print.html">"Central Africa, explored"</a>. <i>Unimaps.com</i>. 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 26,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Unimaps.com&rft.atitle=Central+Africa%2C+explored&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funimaps.com%2Fcafrica-explored%2Fprint.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.millcitymuseum.org/timeline">"Mill City Timeline"</a>. <i>millcitymuseum.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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London: Century Ltd. pp. <span class="nowrap">276–</span>277. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7126-5616-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7126-5616-2"><bdi>0-7126-5616-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chronology+of+British+History&rft.place=London&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E276-%3C%2Fspan%3E277&rft.pub=Century+Ltd&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-7126-5616-2&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.au=Palmer%2C+Veronica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">"Saiman kanawa walmistunut". <i>Sanomia Turusta</i> (in Finnish). No. 36. September 2, 1856. p. 5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sanomia+Turusta&rft.atitle=Saiman+kanawa+walmistunut&rft.issue=36&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1856-09-02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFriar2001" class="citation book cs1">Friar, Stephen (2001). <i>The Sutton Companion to Local History</i> (rev. ed.). Stroud: Sutton Publishing. p. 243. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7509-2723-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7509-2723-2"><bdi>0-7509-2723-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sutton+Companion+to+Local+History&rft.place=Stroud&rft.pages=243&rft.edition=rev.&rft.pub=Sutton+Publishing&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-7509-2723-2&rft.aulast=Friar&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160920220655/http://www.npg.org.uk/about/history.php">"Gallery history"</a>. National Portrait Gallery. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npg.org.uk/about/history.php">the original</a> on September 20, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 26,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gallery+history&rft.pub=National+Portrait+Gallery&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npg.org.uk%2Fabout%2Fhistory.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarlton1997" class="citation book cs1">Carlton, R. Scott (1997). <i>The International Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Philatelics</i>. Iola, WI: Krause. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87341-448-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-87341-448-9"><bdi>0-87341-448-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+International+Encyclopaedic+Dictionary+of+Philatelics&rft.place=Iola%2C+WI&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Krause&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-87341-448-9&rft.aulast=Carlton&rft.aufirst=R.+Scott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.credit-suisse.com/about-us/en/our-company.html">"Credit Suisse. Our company"</a>. <i>credit-suisse.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=credit-suisse.com&rft.atitle=Credit+Suisse.+Our+company.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.credit-suisse.com%2Fabout-us%2Fen%2Four-company.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crapsdicecontrol.com/monte_carlo.htm">"History of Casino Monte Carlo"</a>. <i>History of Monte Carlo</i>. Progress Publishing. 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History+of+Monte+Carlo&rft.atitle=History+of+Casino+Monte+Carlo&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crapsdicecontrol.com%2Fmonte_carlo.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSaller" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Saller, Lucas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muba.uba.ar/telemaco-susini/">"Telémaco Susini"</a>. <i>muba.uba.ar</i> (in Spanish). MUBA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 13,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=muba.uba.ar&rft.atitle=Tel%C3%A9maco+Susini&rft.aulast=Saller&rft.aufirst=Lucas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuba.uba.ar%2Ftelemaco-susini%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGilmanPeckColby1906" class="citation book cs1">Gilman, Daniel Coit; Peck, Harry Thurston; Colby, Frank Moore, eds. (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RTorAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA245">"NAPOLEON, Eugène Louis Jean Joseph"</a>. <i>The New International Encyclopaedia</i>. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co. p. 246<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=NAPOLEON%2C+Eug%C3%A8ne+Louis+Jean+Joseph&rft.btitle=The+New+International+Encyclopaedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=246&rft.pub=Dodd%2C+Mead+%26+Co.&rft.date=1906&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRTorAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA245&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://museodezamora.wixsite.com/museozam/single-post/2017/09/08/FRANCISCO-PLANCARTE-Y-NAVARRETE-PIONERO-DE-LA-ARQUEOLOG%C3%8DA-NACIONAL">"Francisco Plancarte y Navarrete, Pionero de la Arqueología Nacional"</a> [Francisco Plancarte y Navarrete, Pioneer of National Archaeology] (in Spanish). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Francisco+Plancarte+y+Navarrete%2C+Pionero+de+la+Arqueolog%C3%ADa+Nacional&rft.pub=Consejo+Ciudadano+de+la+Cronica+de+Zamora&rft.date=2017-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuseodezamora.wixsite.com%2Fmuseozam%2Fsingle-post%2F2017%2F09%2F08%2FFRANCISCO-PLANCARTE-Y-NAVARRETE-PIONERO-DE-LA-ARQUEOLOG%25C3%258DA-NACIONAL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://museodezamora.wixsite.com/museozam/single-post/2017/09/08/FRANCISCO-PLANCARTE-Y-NAVARRETE-PIONERO-DE-LA-ARQUEOLOG%C3%8DA-NACIONAL">"Francisco Plancarte y Navarrete, Pionero de la Arqueología Nacional"</a> [Francisco Plancarte y Navarrete, Pioneer of National Archaeology] (in Spanish). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Francisco+Plancarte+y+Navarrete%2C+Pionero+de+la+Arqueolog%C3%ADa+Nacional&rft.pub=Consejo+Ciudadano+de+la+Cronica+de+Zamora&rft.date=2017-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuseodezamora.wixsite.com%2Fmuseozam%2Fsingle-post%2F2017%2F09%2F08%2FFRANCISCO-PLANCARTE-Y-NAVARRETE-PIONERO-DE-LA-ARQUEOLOG%25C3%258DA-NACIONAL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1856" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1856&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1856" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:1856">1856</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1856&oldid=1275079234">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1856&oldid=1275079234</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1856" title="Category:1856">1856</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Leap_years_in_the_Gregorian_calendar" title="Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar">Leap years in the Gregorian calendar</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Finnish-language_sources_(fi)" title="Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)">CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2011" title="Category:Use mdy dates from March 2011">Use mdy dates from March 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 10 February 2025, at 23:10<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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