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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern Vietnam</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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title="Vietnam meridional – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vietnam meridional" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85" title="جنوب ویتنام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنوب ویتنام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%C3%AAt_Nam_m%C3%A9ridional" title="Viêt Nam méridional – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Viêt Nam méridional" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">One of the three geographical regions in Vietnam</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the geographical region in Vietnam. For the former country, see <a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VietnameseRegions.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/VietnameseRegions.svg/200px-VietnameseRegions.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/VietnameseRegions.svg/300px-VietnameseRegions.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/VietnameseRegions.svg/400px-VietnameseRegions.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>The eight <a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Vietnam" title="List of regions of Vietnam">regions of Vietnam</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Southern Vietnam</b> (<a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a>: <i lang="vi">Nam Bộ</i>) is one of the three geographical regions of <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>, the other two being <a href="/wiki/Northern_Vietnam" title="Northern Vietnam">Northern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_Vietnam" title="Central Vietnam">Central Vietnam</a>. It includes 2 administrative <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of Vietnam">regions</a>, which in turn are divided into 19 <i>First Tier units</i>, of which 17 are <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Vietnam" title="Provinces of Vietnam">provinces</a> and 2 are <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Vietnam" title="Municipalities of Vietnam">municipalities</a>. Known as <i>Nam Bộ</i> today in Vietnamese since 1975, it was historically called as <i><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gia_%C4%90%E1%BB%8Bnh_Th%C3%A0nh" class="extiw" title="vi:Gia Định Thành">Gia Định</a></i> (1779–1832), <i>Nam Kỳ</i> (1832–1945, 1945-1949), <i>Nam Bộ</i> (1945), <i>Bắc Việt</i> (1949-1954), and <i>Nam Phần</i> (1954–1975).<sup id="cite_ref-Mocban-State-of-Vietnam-administrative-divisions_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mocban-State-of-Vietnam-administrative-divisions-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><b><a href="/wiki/Cochinchina" title="Cochinchina">Cochinchina</a></b></i> or "<span title="Vietnamese-language text"><i lang="vi">Nam Kỳ</i></span>" is a historical exonym for this region, originating during the French colonial period. </p><p>The origin of Southern Vietnam (<i>Basse-Cochinchine</i> in French, or Lower <a href="/wiki/Cochinchina" title="Cochinchina">Cochinchina</a>) was the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Funan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Funan">Kingdom of Funan</a> (from 1st century CE until 6th century CE) and Khmer Empire (from 8th century CE to 17th century). Southern Vietnam was conquered by the Nguyễn force in the 17th and 18th centuries from the Khmer kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main ethnicities in Southern Vietnam are <a href="/wiki/Kinh_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinh people">Kinh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khmer_people" title="Khmer people">Khmer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Han_Chinese" title="Han Chinese">Chinese</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Vietnam&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" border="1" style="font-size:90%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Administrative region </th> <th>First Tier units </th> <th>Area (km<sup>2</sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-gso_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gso-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-monre_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monre-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Population (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-gso_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gso-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Population density<br />(people/km<sup>2</sup>) </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Southeast_(Vietnam)" title="Southeast (Vietnam)">Southeast</a></b> (Đông Nam Bộ, Miền Đông) </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A0_R%E1%BB%8Ba%E2%80%93V%C5%A9ng_T%C3%A0u_province" title="Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province">Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/B%C3%ACnh_D%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_province" title="Bình Dương province">Bình Dương</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/B%C3%ACnh_Ph%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_province" title="Bình Phước province">Bình Phước</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng_Nai_province" title="Đồng Nai province">Đồng Nai</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_City" title="Ho Chi Minh City">Ho Chi Minh City</a> <sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_a"><a href="#endnote_a">†</a></sup><br /> <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A2y_Ninh_province" title="Tây Ninh province">Tây Ninh</a> </p> </td> <td>23,551.42 </td> <td>18,810,780 </td> <td>798.71 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Mekong_Delta" title="Mekong Delta">Mekong River Delta</a></b> (Đồng Bằng Sông Cửu Long)<br /> or <b>Southwest</b> (Tây Nam Bộ, Miền Tây) </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/An_Giang_province" title="An Giang province">An Giang</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%BFn_Tre_province" title="Bến Tre province">Bến Tre</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A1c_Li%C3%AAu_province" title="Bạc Liêu province">Bạc Liêu</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A0_Mau_province" title="Cà Mau province">Cà Mau</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/C%E1%BA%A7n_Th%C6%A1" title="Cần Thơ">Cần Thơ</a> <sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_a"><a href="#endnote_a">†</a></sup><br /> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng_Th%C3%A1p_province" title="Đồng Tháp province">Đồng Tháp</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/H%E1%BA%ADu_Giang_province" title="Hậu Giang province">Hậu Giang</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Ki%C3%AAn_Giang_province" title="Kiên Giang province">Kiên Giang</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Long_An_province" title="Long An province">Long An</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3c_Tr%C4%83ng_province" title="Sóc Trăng province">Sóc Trăng</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Ti%E1%BB%81n_Giang_province" title="Tiền Giang province">Tiền Giang</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A0_Vinh_province" title="Trà Vinh province">Trà Vinh</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/V%C4%A9nh_Long_province" title="Vĩnh Long province">Vĩnh Long</a> </p> </td> <td>40,922.58 </td> <td>17,432,120 </td> <td>425.98 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_a"><b><a href="#ref_a">^†</a></b></span> <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Vietnam" title="Municipalities of Vietnam">Municipality</a> (thành phố trực thuộc trung ương) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Vietnam&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern,_Central_and_Southern_Vietnam" title="Northern, Central and Southern Vietnam">Northern, Central and Southern Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of Vietnam">Regions of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_Provinces_of_Southern_Vietnam" title="Six Provinces of Southern Vietnam">Six Provinces of Southern Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochinchina" title="Cochinchina">Cochinchina</a> – a historical exonym for <i>South</i> Vietnam</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champa" title="Champa">Champa</a>, ancient coastal states in modern Central and South Vietnam</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Vietnam&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Mocban-State-of-Vietnam-administrative-divisions-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mocban-State-of-Vietnam-administrative-divisions_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRoyal_Woodblocks_of_Nguyễn_Dynasty_–_World_documentary_heritage2021" class="citation web cs1">Royal Woodblocks of Nguyễn Dynasty – World documentary heritage (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mocban.vn/en/about-us/significant-collections/#3f94314fe34b3f4cda490461e78419e8">"Significant collections § Fonds of the Phủ Thủ hiến Trung Việt or Office of the Governor of Trung Viet"</a>. <i>mocban.vn</i>. The National Archives Center No. 4 (State Records and Archives Department of Vietnam)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mocban.vn&rft.atitle=Significant+collections+%C2%A7+Fonds+of+the+Ph%E1%BB%A7+Th%E1%BB%A7+hi%E1%BA%BFn+Trung+Vi%E1%BB%87t+or+Office+of+the+Governor+of+Trung+Viet.&rft.date=2021&rft.au=Royal+Woodblocks+of+Nguy%E1%BB%85n+Dynasty+%E2%80%93+World+documentary+heritage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmocban.vn%2Fen%2Fabout-us%2Fsignificant-collections%2F%233f94314fe34b3f4cda490461e78419e8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Vietnam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooke1998" class="citation journal cs1">Cooke, Nola (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20072012">"Regionalism and the Nature of Nguyen Rule in Seventeenth-Century Dang Trong (Cochinchina)"</a>. <i>Journal of Southeast Asian Studies</i>. <b>29</b> (1): 122–161. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-4634">0022-4634</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Southeast+Asian+Studies&rft.atitle=Regionalism+and+the+Nature+of+Nguyen+Rule+in+Seventeenth-Century+Dang+Trong+%28Cochinchina%29&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=122-161&rft.date=1998&rft.issn=0022-4634&rft.aulast=Cooke&rft.aufirst=Nola&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20072012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Vietnam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoMartinssonOlsson2022" class="citation journal cs1">Ho, Hoang-Anh; Martinsson, Peter; Olsson, Ola (2022-03-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887-021-09194-x">"The origins of cultural divergence: evidence from Vietnam"</a>. <i>Journal of Economic Growth</i>. <b>27</b> (1): 45–89. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10887-021-09194-x">10.1007/s10887-021-09194-x</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1573-7020">1573-7020</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+Growth&rft.atitle=The+origins+of+cultural+divergence%3A+evidence+from+Vietnam&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=45-89&rft.date=2022-03-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10887-021-09194-x&rft.issn=1573-7020&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=Hoang-Anh&rft.au=Martinsson%2C+Peter&rft.au=Olsson%2C+Ola&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%2Fs10887-021-09194-x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Vietnam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gso-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gso_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gso_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gso.gov.vn/en/px-web/?pxid=E0201&theme=Population%20and%20Employment">"Area, population and population density by province"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/General_Statistics_Office_of_Vietnam" title="General Statistics Office of Vietnam">General Statistics Office of Vietnam</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=General+Statistics+Office+of+Vietnam&rft.atitle=Area%2C+population+and+population+density+by+province&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gso.gov.vn%2Fen%2Fpx-web%2F%3Fpxid%3DE0201%26theme%3DPopulation%2520and%2520Employment&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Vietnam" class="Z3988"></span> – Interactive table which you can view by making your selection in three boxes: (1) <i>Cities, provinces</i>: Select all; (2) <i>Year</i>: Select 2022; (3) <i>Items</i>: Select all.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-monre-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-monre_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://monre.gov.vn/VanBan/Pages/ChiTietVanBanChiDao.aspx?pID=3012">Phê duyệt và công bố kết quả thống kê diện tích đất đai năm 2022</a> [Approve and announce the results of land area statistics in 2022] (Decision 3048/QĐ-BTNMT) (in Vietnamese). <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Natural_Resources_and_Environment_(Vietnam)" title="Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam)">Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam)</a>. 18 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Ph%C3%AA+duy%E1%BB%87t+v%C3%A0+c%C3%B4ng+b%E1%BB%91+k%E1%BA%BFt+qu%E1%BA%A3+th%E1%BB%91ng+k%C3%AA+di%E1%BB%87n+t%C3%ADch+%C4%91%E1%BA%A5t+%C4%91ai+n%C4%83m+2022&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Natural+Resources+and+Environment+%28Vietnam%29&rft.date=2023-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmonre.gov.vn%2FVanBan%2FPages%2FChiTietVanBanChiDao.aspx%3FpID%3D3012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Vietnam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Vietnam&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Southern_Vietnam#Q2289221" class="extiw" title="voy:Southern Vietnam">Southern Vietnam</a> travel guide from Wikivoyage</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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