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I am writing to God’s chosen people who are living as foreigners in the provinces of Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia. <a href="/esv/1_peter/1.htm">English Standard Version</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To those who are elect exiles of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/bsb/1_peter/1.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To the elect who are exiles of the Dispersion throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, chosen <a href="/blb/1_peter/1.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To the elect sojourners of the dispersion of Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/kjv/1_peter/1.htm">King James Bible</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the strangers scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/nkjv/1_peter/1.htm">New King James Version</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To the pilgrims of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/nasb_/1_peter/1.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To those who reside as strangers, scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, who are chosen <a href="/nasb/1_peter/1.htm">NASB 1995</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To those who reside as aliens, scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, who are chosen <a href="/nasb77/1_peter/1.htm">NASB 1977 </a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to those who reside as aliens, scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, who are chosen <a href="/lsb/1_peter/1.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To those who reside as exiles, scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, who are chosen <a href="/amp/1_peter/1.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Peter, an apostle (special messenger, personally chosen representative) of Jesus Christ, To those [elect—both Jewish and Gentile believers] who live as exiles, scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia [Minor], and Bithynia, who are chosen <a href="/csb/1_peter/1.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ: To those chosen, living as exiles dispersed abroad in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, chosen <a href="/hcsb/1_peter/1.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ: To the temporary residents dispersed in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, chosen <a href="/asv/1_peter/1.htm">American Standard Version</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the elect who are sojourners of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/cev/1_peter/1.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> From Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ. To God's people who are scattered like foreigners in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia. <a href="/erv/1_peter/1.htm">English Revised Version</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the elect who are sojourners of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/gwt/1_peter/1.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> From Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ. To God's chosen people who are temporary residents [in the world] and are scattered throughout the provinces of Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia. <a href="/gnt/1_peter/1.htm">Good News Translation</a> From Peter, apostle of Jesus Christ--To God's chosen people who live as refugees scattered throughout the provinces of Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia. <a href="/isv/1_peter/1.htm">International Standard Version</a> From: Peter, an apostle of Jesus, the Messiah. To: The exiles of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/msb/1_peter/1.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To the elect who are exiles of the Dispersion throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, chosen <a href="/net/1_peter/1.htm">NET Bible</a> From Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to those temporarily residing abroad (in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, the province of Asia, and Bithynia) who are chosen <a href="/nheb/1_peter/1.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the chosen ones who are living as foreigners in the Diaspora in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/wbt/1_peter/1.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the strangers scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/wey/1_peter/1.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> Peter, an Apostle of Jesus Christ: To God's own people scattered over the earth, who are living as foreigners in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Roman Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/web/1_peter/1.htm">World English Bible</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the chosen ones who are living as foreigners in the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/1_peter/1.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the chosen sojourners of the dispersion of Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/blb/1_peter/1.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To the elect sojourners of the dispersion of Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/ylt/1_peter/1.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the choice sojourners of the dispersion of Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/slt/1_peter/1.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> Peter, sent of Jesus Christ, to the chosen strangers of the dispersion of Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia,<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/1_peter/1.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the strangers dispersed through Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, elect, <a href="/cpdv/1_peter/1.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> Peter, Apostle of Jesus Christ, to the newly-arrived elect of the dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/nabre/1_peter/1.htm">New American Bible</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the chosen sojourners of the dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/nrsvce/1_peter/1.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To the exiles of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia,<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/1_peter/1.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> PETER, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the chosen ones and pilgrims, scattered throughout Pontus, Ga-la’tia, Cap-pado’cia, Asia Minor and Bi-thyn’i-a, <a href="/aramaic-plain-english/1_peter/1.htm">Aramaic Bible in Plain English</a> Petraus, an Apostle of Yeshua The Messiah, to The Chosen Ones and Pilgrims who are scattered in Pontus and in Galatia, in Qapadoqia, in Asia and in Bithynia;<div class="vheading2">NT Translations</div><a href="/anderson/1_peter/1.htm">Anderson New Testament</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the sojourners that are dispersed through Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/godbey/1_peter/1.htm">Godbey New Testament</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the elect sojourners of the Dispersion of Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/haweis/1_peter/1.htm">Haweis New Testament</a> PETER, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the sojourners, dispersed through Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/mace/1_peter/1.htm">Mace New Testament</a> PETER an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the foreigners dispers'd thro' Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, whom God the father has chosen in pursuance of his decree, <a href="/wey/1_peter/1.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> Peter, an Apostle of Jesus Christ: To God's own people scattered over the earth, who are living as foreigners in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Roman Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/worrell/1_peter/1.htm">Worrell New Testament</a> Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ to the sojourners of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, <a href="/worsley/1_peter/1.htm">Worsley New Testament</a> <bld>Peter</bld> an apostle of Jesus Christ to the strangers who are dispersed through Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, <a href="/parallel/1_peter/1-1.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/1h9-AlUcaGE?start=0" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/1_peter/1.htm">Greetings from Peter</a> 1<a href="/greek/4074.htm" title="4074: Petros (N-NMS) -- Peter, a Greek name meaning rock. Apparently a primary word; a rock; as a name, Petrus, an apostle.">Peter,</a> <a href="/greek/652.htm" title="652: apostolos (N-NMS) -- From apostello; a delegate; specially, an ambassador of the Gospel; officially a commissioner of Christ.">an apostle</a> <a href="/greek/2424.htm" title="2424: Iēsou (N-GMS) -- Of Hebrew origin; Jesus, the name of our Lord and two other Israelites.">of Jesus</a> <a href="/greek/5547.htm" title="5547: Christou (N-GMS) -- Anointed One; the Messiah, the Christ. From chrio; Anointed One, i.e. The Messiah, an epithet of Jesus.">Christ,</a> <a href="/greek/1588.htm" title="1588: Eklektois (Adj-DMP) -- From eklegomai; select; by implication, favorite.">To the elect</a> <a href="/greek/3927.htm" title="3927: parepidēmois (Adj-DMP) -- From para and the base of epidemeo; an alien alongside, i.e. A resident foreigner.">who are exiles</a> <a href="/greek/1290.htm" title="1290: Diasporas (N-GFS) -- From diaspeiro; dispersion, i.e. the Israelite resident in Gentile countries.">of the Dispersion</a> <a href="/greek/4195.htm" title="4195: Pontou (N-GMS) -- A sea; Pontus, a region of Asia Minor.">throughout Pontus,</a> <a href="/greek/1053.htm" title="1053: Galatias (N-GFS) -- Of foreign origin; Galatia, a region of Asia.">Galatia,</a> <a href="/greek/2587.htm" title="2587: Kappadokias (N-GFS) -- Of foreign origin; Cappadocia, a region of Asia Minor.">Cappadocia,</a> <a href="/greek/773.htm" title="773: Asias (N-GFS) -- Asia, i.e. Asia Minor, or only its western shore.">Asia,</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">and</a> <a href="/greek/978.htm" title="978: Bithynias (N-GFS) -- Bithynia, a region of Asia.">Bithynia, chosen</a> 2according to the foreknowledge of God the Father and sanctified by the Spirit for obedience to Jesus Christ and sprinkling by His blood: Grace and peace be yours in abundance.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/acts/2-9.htm">Acts 2:9-11</a> Parthians, Medes, and Elamites; residents of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia, / Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and the parts of Libya near Cyrene; visitors from Rome, / both Jews and converts to Judaism; Cretans and Arabs—we hear them declaring the wonders of God in our own tongues!” <a href="/james/1-1.htm">James 1:1</a> James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, To the twelve tribes of the Dispersion: Greetings. <a href="/romans/1-7.htm">Romans 1:7</a> To all in Rome who are loved by God and called to be saints: Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. <a href="/2_corinthians/1-1.htm">2 Corinthians 1:1</a> Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Timothy our brother, To the church of God in Corinth, together with all the saints throughout Achaia: <a href="/galatians/1-1.htm">Galatians 1:1</a> Paul, an apostle—sent not from men nor by man, but by Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised Him from the dead— <a href="/ephesians/1-1.htm">Ephesians 1:1</a> Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, To the saints in Ephesus, the faithful in Christ Jesus: <a href="/colossians/1-1.htm">Colossians 1:1-2</a> Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Timothy our brother, / To the saints and faithful brothers in Christ at Colossae: Grace and peace to you from God our Father. <a href="/1_thessalonians/1-1.htm">1 Thessalonians 1:1</a> Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy, To the church of the Thessalonians in God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ: Grace and peace to you. <a href="/2_thessalonians/1-1.htm">2 Thessalonians 1:1</a> Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy, To the church of the Thessalonians in God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ: <a href="/1_timothy/1-1.htm">1 Timothy 1:1</a> Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the command of God our Savior and of Christ Jesus our hope, <a href="/2_timothy/1-1.htm">2 Timothy 1:1</a> Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, according to the promise of life in Christ Jesus, <a href="/titus/1-1.htm">Titus 1:1</a> Paul, a servant of God and an apostle of Jesus Christ for the faith of God’s elect and their knowledge of the truth that leads to godliness, <a href="/hebrews/11-13.htm">Hebrews 11:13</a> All these people died in faith, without having received the things they were promised. However, they saw them and welcomed them from afar. And they acknowledged that they were strangers and exiles on the earth. <a href="/genesis/23-4.htm">Genesis 23:4</a> “I am a foreigner and an outsider among you. Give me a burial site among you so that I can bury my dead.” <a href="/exodus/2-22.htm">Exodus 2:22</a> And she gave birth to a son, and Moses named him Gershom, saying, “I have become a foreigner in a foreign land.”</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the strangers scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia,Peter.<a href="/matthew/4-18.htm">Matthew 4:18</a> And Jesus, walking by the sea of Galilee, saw two brethren, Simon called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea: for they were fishers.<a href="/matthew/10-2.htm">Matthew 10:2</a> Now the names of the twelve apostles are these; The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother;<a href="/john/1-41.htm">John 1:41,42</a> He first findeth his own brother Simon, and saith unto him, We have found the Messias, which is, being interpreted, the Christ… the.<a href="/1_peter/2-11.htm">1 Peter 2:11</a> Dearly beloved, I beseech you as strangers and pilgrims, abstain from fleshly lusts, which war against the soul;<a href="/acts/2-5.htm">Acts 2:5-11</a> And there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven… <a href="/ephesians/2-12.htm">Ephesians 2:12,19</a> That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world: … scattered.<a href="/leviticus/26-33.htm">Leviticus 26:33</a> And I will scatter you among the heathen, and will draw out a sword after you: and your land shall be desolate, and your cities waste.<a href="/deuteronomy/4-27.htm">Deuteronomy 4:27</a> And the LORD shall scatter you among the nations, and ye shall be left few in number among the heathen, whither the LORD shall lead you.<a href="/deuteronomy/28-64.htm">Deuteronomy 28:64</a> And the LORD shall scatter thee among all people, from the one end of the earth even unto the other; and there thou shalt serve other gods, which neither thou nor thy fathers have known, even wood and stone.Pontus.<a href="/acts/2-5.htm">Acts 2:5,9,10</a> And there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven… <a href="/acts/18-2.htm">Acts 18:2</a> And found a certain Jew named Aquila, born in Pontus, lately come from Italy, with his wife Priscilla; (because that Claudius had commanded all Jews to depart from Rome:) and came unto them.Galatia.<a href="/acts/16-6.htm">Acts 16:6</a> Now when they had gone throughout Phrygia and the region of Galatia, and were forbidden of the Holy Ghost to preach the word in Asia,<a href="/acts/18-23.htm">Acts 18:23</a> And after he had spent some time there, he departed, and went over all the country of Galatia and Phrygia in order, strengthening all the disciples.<a href="/galatians/1-2.htm">Galatians 1:2</a> And all the brethren which are with me, unto the churches of Galatia:Cappadocia.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/hebrews/11-34.htm">Aliens</a> <a href="/hebrews/3-1.htm">Apostle</a> <a href="/2_timothy/1-15.htm">Asia</a> <a href="/acts/16-7.htm">Bithynia</a> <a href="/acts/16-7.htm">Bithyn'ia</a> <a href="/acts/2-9.htm">Cappadocia</a> <a href="/acts/2-9.htm">Cappado'cia</a> <a href="/2_timothy/2-10.htm">Choice</a> <a href="/james/2-5.htm">Chosen</a> <a href="/james/2-1.htm">Christ</a> <a href="/james/1-1.htm">Dispersion</a> <a href="/james/5-18.htm">Earth</a> <a href="/titus/1-1.htm">Elect</a> <a href="/hebrews/11-13.htm">Exiles</a> <a href="/hebrews/11-13.htm">Foreigners</a> <a href="/2_timothy/4-10.htm">Galatia</a> <a href="/james/4-4.htm">God's</a> <a href="/james/2-1.htm">Jesus</a> <a href="/james/4-6.htm">Ones</a> <a href="/galatians/2-14.htm">Peter</a> <a href="/acts/18-2.htm">Pontus</a> <a href="/ezekiel/47-22.htm">Reside</a> <a href="/2_timothy/1-15.htm">Roman</a> <a href="/hebrews/13-24.htm">Saints</a> <a href="/james/1-1.htm">Scattered</a> <a href="/ephesians/2-19.htm">Sojourners</a> <a href="/hebrews/13-2.htm">Strangers</a> <a href="/hebrews/2-15.htm">Throughout</a> <a href="/james/4-4.htm">World</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/1_peter/2-11.htm">Aliens</a> <a href="/2_peter/1-1.htm">Apostle</a> <a href="/revelation/1-4.htm">Asia</a> <a href="/acts/16-7.htm">Bithynia</a> <a href="/acts/16-7.htm">Bithyn'ia</a> <a href="/acts/2-9.htm">Cappadocia</a> <a href="/acts/2-9.htm">Cappado'cia</a> <a href="/1_peter/2-4.htm">Choice</a> <a href="/1_peter/1-2.htm">Chosen</a> <a href="/1_peter/1-2.htm">Christ</a> <a href="/jeremiah/25-34.htm">Dispersion</a> <a href="/1_peter/1-17.htm">Earth</a> <a href="/1_peter/1-2.htm">Elect</a> <a href="/1_peter/2-11.htm">Exiles</a> <a href="/1_peter/1-17.htm">Foreigners</a> <a href="/acts/16-6.htm">Galatia</a> <a href="/1_peter/1-5.htm">God's</a> <a href="/1_peter/1-2.htm">Jesus</a> <a href="/1_peter/2-11.htm">Ones</a> <a href="/2_peter/1-1.htm">Peter</a> <a href="/acts/2-9.htm">Pontus</a> <a href="/job/38-19.htm">Reside</a> <a href="/matthew/27-27.htm">Roman</a> <a href="/jude/1-3.htm">Saints</a> <a href="/genesis/9-19.htm">Scattered</a> <a href="/genesis/15-13.htm">Sojourners</a> <a href="/1_peter/2-11.htm">Strangers</a> <a href="/1_peter/1-17.htm">Throughout</a> <a href="/1_peter/1-20.htm">World</a><div class="vheading2">1 Peter 1</div>1. <a href="/1_peter/1-1.htm">Peter praises God for his manifold spiritual graces;</a> 10. <a href="/1_peter/1-10.htm">showing that the salvation in Christ the fulfillment of prophesy;</a> 13. <a href="/1_peter/1-13.htm">and exhorts them accordingly to be holy.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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He was a fisherman by trade and was called by Jesus to become a "fisher of men" (<a href="/matthew/4-19.htm">Matthew 4:19</a>). Peter is often seen as a leader among the apostles and is known for his boldness and faith, as well as his moments of doubt and denial. His role as an apostle signifies his authority and mission to spread the teachings of Jesus Christ. The title "apostle" indicates one who is sent with a specific commission, emphasizing Peter's role in the early church and his authorship of this epistle.To the elect who are exiles of the Dispersion The term "elect" refers to those chosen by God, highlighting the doctrine of divine election. This concept is rooted in the Old Testament, where Israel is described as God's chosen people (<a href="/deuteronomy/7-6.htm">Deuteronomy 7:6</a>). In the New Testament, this election extends to all believers in Christ. The phrase "exiles of the Dispersion" refers to Christians living outside their homeland, drawing a parallel to the Jewish Diaspora. This dispersion can be both literal, as many Jews and early Christians lived scattered throughout the Roman Empire, and metaphorical, representing the spiritual state of believers living in a world that is not their ultimate home (<a href="/hebrews/11-13.htm">Hebrews 11:13-16</a>).throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia These regions were part of Asia Minor, modern-day Turkey. Each area had its own cultural and historical significance. Pontus was known for its strategic location along the Black Sea. Galatia was a region with a mix of Celtic and Roman influences, and Paul addressed his letter to the Galatians to this area. Cappadocia was known for its rugged terrain and early Christian communities. Asia, in this context, refers to the Roman province of Asia, not the continent, and was a center of commerce and culture. Bithynia was a prosperous region with a significant Christian population. The mention of these regions indicates the widespread nature of the early Christian church and the diverse backgrounds of its members.chosen The concept of being "chosen" reiterates the idea of divine election and God's sovereign will in the salvation of believers. This choice is not based on human merit but on God's grace and purpose (<a href="/ephesians/1-4.htm">Ephesians 1:4-5</a>). It underscores the security and identity of believers as part of God's family, called to live according to His will and purpose. This theme of being chosen is a source of encouragement and assurance for Christians facing trials and persecution, reminding them of their special status and calling in Christ.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/p/peter.htm">Peter</a> One of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ, originally named Simon. He was a fisherman by trade and became a leading figure in the early Christian church. Known for his boldness and leadership, Peter is traditionally credited with writing this epistle. 2. <a href="/topical/j/jesus_christ.htm">Jesus Christ</a> The central figure of Christianity, believed to be the Son of God and the Savior of humanity. Peter identifies himself as an apostle of Jesus, indicating his authority and mission. 3. <a href="/topical/t/the_elect.htm">The Elect</a> Refers to those chosen by God for salvation. In this context, it emphasizes the special status and calling of the believers Peter is addressing. 4. <a href="/topical/e/exiles_of_the_dispersion.htm">Exiles of the Dispersion</a> This term refers to Christians living outside of their homeland, scattered across various regions. It draws on the Jewish experience of exile and suggests a spiritual parallel for Christians living in a world that is not their ultimate home. 5. <a href="/topical/p/pontus,_galatia,_cappadocia,_asia,_and_bithynia.htm">Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia</a> Regions in Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey) where the recipients of the letter were located. These areas were part of the Roman Empire and had diverse populations, including both Jews and Gentiles.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/u/understanding_our_identity_in_christ.htm">Understanding Our Identity in Christ</a> As believers, we are part of the elect, chosen by God. This identity should shape our lives and give us confidence in our faith journey. <a href="/topical/l/living_as_exiles.htm">Living as Exiles</a> Like the early Christians, we are called to live as exiles in this world, maintaining our distinctiveness and hope in Christ while engaging with the culture around us. <a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_community.htm">The Importance of Community</a> The mention of various regions underscores the importance of community and connection among believers, regardless of geographical or cultural differences. <a href="/topical/e/embracing_our_mission.htm">Embracing Our Mission</a> As Peter was an apostle, we too have a mission to share the Gospel and live out our faith authentically in our respective contexts.<a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/1_peter/1.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(1) Peter, an apostle.--The authoritative tone of this Epistle is shown at the outset. The writer assumes his full titles; not (as in the Second Epistle) his merely human name of Simeon, nor his humble capacity of "servant," but the Rock-name which Christ had given him, and the official dignity of an "Apostle of Jesus Christ"--i.e., one charged with full legatine authority from Christ (<a href="/john/17-18.htm" title="As you have sent me into the world, even so have I also sent them into the world.">John 17:18</a>; <a href="/john/20-21.htm" title="Then said Jesus to them again, Peace be to you: as my Father has sent me, even so send I you.">John 20:21</a>)--a vicar of Christ to the Church, and not only a representative of the Church to Godwards. Observe also that while St. Paul constantly adds "by the will of God," or some similar phrase, by way of justifying his assumption of the title, St. Peter has no need to do more than mention it; his claim was never questioned. Again, though St. Silas and St. Mark are with him, they are not associated in the initial greeting, as they would probably have been by St. Paul (e.g., <a href="/1_thessalonians/1-1.htm" title="Paul, and Silvanus, and Timotheus, to the church of the Thessalonians which is in God the Father and in the Lord Jesus Christ: Grace be to you, and peace, from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ.">1Thessalonians 1:1</a> and <a href="/2_thessalonians/1-1.htm" title="Paul, and Silvanus, and Timotheus, to the church of the Thessalonians in God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ:">2Thessalonians 1:1</a>). "Apostle" though Silas was (see <a href="/1_thessalonians/2-6.htm" title="Nor of men sought we glory, neither of you, nor yet of others, when we might have been burdensome, as the apostles of Christ.">1Thessalonians 2:6</a>), and "faithful brother" to the recipients of the Letter (<a href="/1_peter/5-12.htm" title="By Silvanus, a faithful brother to you, as I suppose, I have written briefly, exhorting, and testifying that this is the true grace of God wherein you stand.">1Peter 5:12</a>), his support would have added but little weight to the utterances of the Rock-Apostle. And yet, with all this quiet assumption of dignity, St. Peter knows no higher title to bestow on himself than that which he held in common with the other eleven--"an Apostle;" not "the Apostle," nor "bishop of bishops," nor (which means the same thing) "servant of servants." . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/1_peter/1.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 1. - Peter. It is the Greek form of the name, which the Lord Jesus himself had given to the great apostle; first, by anticipation, in the spirit of prophecy (<a href="/john/1-42.htm">John 1:42</a>); and again when the prophecy was already in a measure fulfilled, and Simon was proving himself to be indeed a stone, built upon the Rock of Ages, which is Christ (<a href="/matthew/16-18.htm">Matthew 16:18</a>). It was his Christian name; he must have prized that name as the gift of Christ, reminding him always, of his confession and of the Savior's promise, urging him to maintain throughout life that rock-like steadfastness which was indeed characteristic of him, but in which he had more than once very sadly failed. The use of the Greek form seems to indicate that the Epistle was originally written in Greek, and gives some slight support to the view that it was addressed to Gentile converts as well as to Hebrew Christians. An apostle of Jesus Christ. He does not add any assertion of the truth of his apostleship, as St. Paul often does; his apostolic dignity had not been questioned; the false brethren, who so often disputed the authority of St. Paul, had never assailed St. Peter. He does not join other names with his own in the address, though he mentions at the close of his Epistle Marcus - probably the John Mark who accompanied St. Paul in his first missionary journey - and Silvanus - probably the Silas of the Acts of the Apostles, and the Silvanus whom St. Paul associates with himself in addressing the Church of the Thessalonians. He describes himself as "an apostle of Jesus Christ." All Christians who knew the gospel history knew that St. Peter was one of the first-called apostles, one of the three who were nearest to the Lord, one who had received the apostolic commission in a marked and special manner direct from Christ. But he calls himself simply an apostle, not the prince of the apostles; he claims no superiority over the rest of the apostolic college. The impulsive forwardness which had once been the prominent defect in his noble character had passed away; he had learned that difficult lesson which the Lord had impressed upon the apostles when he set the little child among them as their example; he was now, in his own words, "clothed with humility." To the strangers scattered; literally, to the elect sojourners of the dispersion of Pontus, etc. "The dispersion" (διασπορά) was the recognized term (comp. <a href="/james/1-1.htm">James 1:1</a>; <a href="/john/7-35.htm">John 7:35</a>; 2 Macc. 1:27) for the Jews who were scattered over Gentile countries. The gospel of the circumcision was committed unto Peter (<a href="/galatians/2-7.htm">Galatians 2:7</a>); Paul and Barnabas were to go unto the heathen; James, Cephas, and John unto the circumcision (<a href="/galatians/2-9.htm">Galatians 2:9</a>). But St. Peter had been taught to call no man common or unclean; he did not forget that God had made choice that the Gentiles by his mouth should hear the word of the gospel, and believe (<a href="/acts/15-7.htm">Acts 15:7</a>); he can scarcely have intended to maintain in this Epistle that exclusiveness into which he once relapsed, and for which he was rebuked by St. Paul (<a href="/galatians/2-11.htm">Galatians 2:11-14</a>). He certainly uses the word here rendered "strangers" (παρεπιδήμοις) metaphorically in <a href="/1_peter/2-11.htm">1 Peter 2:11</a> (comp. <a href="/hebrews/11-13.htm">Hebrews 11:13</a>);'and we cannot but think that, by "the sojourners of the dispersion," he means, not merely the Jewish Christians of Asia Minor, but all Christian people dispersed among the heathen. We shall see, as we proceed in the study of the Epistle, that the writer contemplates Gentile as well as Jewish readers. Those readers were sojourners for a brief time on earth (perhaps the preposition παρά marks the passing character of their sojourn). "Here have we no continuing city, but we seek one to come;" they were dispersed here and there among the unbelievers, but they were one body in Christ. Compare Bengel's brief comment, "Advents in terra, in coelo, electis." Throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia. Bengel says," He mentions the five provinces in the order in which the names naturally occurred to one writing from the East." This is not precisely accurate, for Cappadocia lies to the south-east of Galatia, and Bithynia to the north-east of Proconsular Asia; but yet the general arrangement of the names seems to furnish a slight argument 'in favor of the view that the Babylon from which St. Peter wrote was the famous city on the Euphrates. The Churches of Galatia and Asia (by "Asia" St. Peter means Proconsular Asia, that is Mysia, Lycia, and Carla; Phrygia also was commonly reckoned as belonging to it, but not always, see <a href="/acts/2-9.htm">Acts 2:9, 10</a>) were founded by St. Paul and his companions; those of Pontus possibly by Aquila, who, like the other Aquila who translated the Old Testament into Greek, was a Jew of Pontus (<a href="/acts/18-2.htm">Acts 18:2</a>). Of Cappadocia all that we know from the New Testament is that dwellers in Cappadocia, as well as in Pontus and Asia, were in Jerusalem at the Pentecostal outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and heard the great sermon of St. Peter, by which three thousand souls were added to the Church. The Cappadocian Churches may have owed their origin to some of these men, or to some of St. Paul's converts from Galatia or Lycaonia. St. Paul himself had once "assayed to go into Bithy-nia, but the Spirit suffered them not" (<a href="/acts/16-7.htm">Acts 16:7</a>); that province may have received the word of God from Troas; the famous letter of Pliny, written about the year 110, shows how widely the faith of Christ had spread throughout the district. We notice that the missions of the Church in Asia Minor had now covered a field considerably larger than that reached at the date of the Acts of the Apostles. We notice also that many of the Churches addressed by St. Peter were founded by St. Paul or his converts. There was no rivalry between the two great apostles. There had been jealousies among the twelve (<a href="/matthew/18-1.htm">Matthew 18:1</a>; <a href="/matthew/20-24.htm">Matthew 20:24</a>, etc.); there had been differences between St. Peter and St. Paul (<a href="/galatians/2-11.htm">Galatians 2:11</a>); but they were children no longer - they were full-grown Christians now. <a href="/commentaries/1_peter/1-1.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Greek</div>Peter, Πέτρος (Petros) Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_4074.htm">Strong's 4074: </a> Peter, a Greek name meaning rock. Apparently a primary word; a rock; as a name, Petrus, an apostle. an apostle ἀπόστολος (apostolos) Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_652.htm">Strong's 652: </a> From apostello; a delegate; specially, an ambassador of the Gospel; officially a commissioner of Christ. of Jesus Ἰησοῦ (Iēsou) Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2424.htm">Strong's 2424: </a> Of Hebrew origin; Jesus, the name of our Lord and two other Israelites. Christ, Χριστοῦ (Christou) Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_5547.htm">Strong's 5547: </a> Anointed One; the Messiah, the Christ. From chrio; Anointed One, i.e. The Messiah, an epithet of Jesus. To [the] elect, Ἐκλεκτοῖς (Eklektois) Adjective - Dative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_1588.htm">Strong's 1588: </a> From eklegomai; select; by implication, favorite. exiles παρεπιδήμοις (parepidēmois) Adjective - Dative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3927.htm">Strong's 3927: </a> From para and the base of epidemeo; an alien alongside, i.e. A resident foreigner. of [the] Dispersion Διασπορᾶς (Diasporas) Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1290.htm">Strong's 1290: </a> From diaspeiro; dispersion, i.e. the Israelite resident in Gentile countries. [throughout] Pontus, Πόντου (Pontou) Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_4195.htm">Strong's 4195: </a> A sea; Pontus, a region of Asia Minor. Galatia, Γαλατίας (Galatias) Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1053.htm">Strong's 1053: </a> Of foreign origin; Galatia, a region of Asia. Cappadocia, Καππαδοκίας (Kappadokias) Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2587.htm">Strong's 2587: </a> Of foreign origin; Cappadocia, a region of Asia Minor. Asia, Ἀσίας (Asias) Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_773.htm">Strong's 773: </a> Asia, i.e. Asia Minor, or only its western shore. and καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. Bithynia, Βιθυνίας (Bithynias) Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_978.htm">Strong's 978: </a> Bithynia, a region of Asia. <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/1_peter/1-1.htm">1 Peter 1:1 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/1_peter/1-1.htm">1 Peter 1:1 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/1_peter/1-1.htm">1 Peter 1:1 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/1_peter/1-1.htm">1 Peter 1:1 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/1_peter/1-1.htm">1 Peter 1:1 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/1_peter/1-1.htm">1 Peter 1:1 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/1_peter/1-1.htm">1 Peter 1:1 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/1_peter/1-1.htm">1 Peter 1:1 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/1_peter/1-1.htm">1 Peter 1:1 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/1_peter/1-1.htm">1 Peter 1:1 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/1_peter/1-1.htm">NT Letters: 1 Peter 1:1 Peter an apostle of Jesus Christ (1 Pet. 1P iP i Pet) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/james/5-20.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="James 5:20"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="James 5:20" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/1_peter/1-2.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="1 Peter 1:2"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="1 Peter 1:2" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>