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href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom-feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingen&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Mali rootpage-Mali skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Naar inhoud springen</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hoofdmenu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigatie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hoofdpagina" title="Naar de hoofdpagina gaan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Hoofdpagina</span></a></li><li id="n-zoekartikel" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Navigatie"><span>Vind een artikel</span></a></li><li id="n-today" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/28_november"><span>Vandaag</span></a></li><li id="n-Etalage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etalage"><span>Etalage</span></a></li><li id="n-categories" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles"><span>Categorieën</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingen" title="Een lijst met recente wijzigingen in deze wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recente wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:NieuwePaginas"><span>Nieuwe artikelen</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Willekeurig" title="Een willekeurige pagina bekijken [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Willekeurige pagina</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-navigation2" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation2" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Informatie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Gebruikersportaal" title="Informatie over het project: wat u kunt doen, waar u dingen kunt vinden"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-Snelcursus" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Snelcursus"><span>Snelcursus</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Hulp_en_beheer" title="Hulpinformatie over deze wiki"><span>Hulp en contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hoofdpagina" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="de vrije encyclopedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-nl.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Zoeken" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Doorzoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Zoeken</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Doorzoek Wikipedia" aria-label="Doorzoek Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Doorzoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speciaal:Zoeken"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Zoeken</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="De lettergrootte, breedte en kleur van de pagina wijzigen" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Uiterlijk" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Uiterlijk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl" class=""><span>Doneren</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Mali" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Mali" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Mali" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Mali" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geschiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geschiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geschiedenis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Geschiedenis-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vroege_geschiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vroege_geschiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Vroege geschiedenis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vroege_geschiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-De_Fransen_en_dekolonisatie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_Fransen_en_dekolonisatie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>De Fransen en dekolonisatie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_Fransen_en_dekolonisatie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1960-1990" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960-1990"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>1960-1990</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960-1990-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Burgeroorlogen_en_staatshervormingen_jaren_negentig" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Burgeroorlogen_en_staatshervormingen_jaren_negentig"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Burgeroorlogen en staatshervormingen jaren negentig</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Burgeroorlogen_en_staatshervormingen_jaren_negentig-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-De_21e_eeuw,_interne_onrust" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_21e_eeuw,_interne_onrust"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>De 21e eeuw, interne onrust</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_21e_eeuw,_interne_onrust-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Staatsgreep_in_2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Staatsgreep_in_2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Staatsgreep in 2012</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Staatsgreep_in_2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Burgeroorlog_2012-2013" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Burgeroorlog_2012-2013"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Burgeroorlog 2012-2013</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Burgeroorlog_2012-2013-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Staatsgrepen_vanaf_2020" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Staatsgrepen_vanaf_2020"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Staatsgrepen vanaf 2020</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Staatsgrepen_vanaf_2020-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bestuurlijke_indeling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bestuurlijke_indeling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bestuurlijke indeling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bestuurlijke_indeling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bevolking_en_religie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bevolking_en_religie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bevolking en religie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bevolking_en_religie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cultuur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natuurlijk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natuurlijk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Natuurlijk</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Natuurlijk-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Natuurlijk-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Natuurlijk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Geografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Geografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klimaat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klimaat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Klimaat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klimaat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natuurlijke_vegetatie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natuurlijke_vegetatie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Natuurlijke vegetatie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natuurlijke_vegetatie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biosfeerreservaat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biosfeerreservaat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Biosfeerreservaat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biosfeerreservaat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Economie-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Landbouw" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landbouw"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Landbouw</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Landbouw-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mijnbouw_en_Industrie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mijnbouw_en_Industrie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Mijnbouw en Industrie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mijnbouw_en_Industrie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buitenlandse_handel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buitenlandse_handel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Buitenlandse handel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buitenlandse_handel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_link" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_link"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Externe link</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_link-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mali</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 251 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-251" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">251 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Abchazisch" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abchazisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Atjehs" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Atjehs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Adygees" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adygees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Zwitserduits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Zwitserduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9B%E1%88%8A" title="ማሊ – Amhaars" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ማሊ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Oudengels" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Oudengels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="माली – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="माली" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="مالي – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مالي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A1%DC%90%DC%A0%DC%9D" title="ܡܐܠܝ – Aramees" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܐܠܝ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="مالي – Marokkaans Arabisch" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="مالي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Marokkaans Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89" title="مالى – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مالى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%AD" title="Malí – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Malí" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Avarisch" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malia" title="Malia – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Malia" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="مالی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مالی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Balinees" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Beiers" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Beiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malis" title="Malis – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Malis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Малі – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Малі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Малі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Малі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Bataviaans" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Bataviaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8" title="माली देस – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="माली देस" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF" title="মালি – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মালি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="མ་ལི། – Tibetaans" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མ་ལི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF" title="মালি – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মালি" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%AD" title="Malí – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Malí" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Tsjetsjeens" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="مالی – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مالی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Corsicaans" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsicaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Krim-Tataars" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krim-Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="aanbevolen artikel"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dga mw-list-item"><a href="https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Dagaare" lang="dga" hreflang="dga" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Dagaare" data-language-local-name="Dagaare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagaare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Nedersorbisch" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Nedersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="माली – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="माली" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%89%DE%A7%DE%8D%DE%A9" title="މާލީ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="މާލީ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B9" title="Μάλι – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μάλι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malio" title="Malio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Malio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Extremeens" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="مالی – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مالی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maali" title="Maali – Fulah" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Maali" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fulah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="aanbevolen artikel"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Faeröers" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faeröers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malit%C3%B2" title="Malitò – Fon" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Malitò" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="Fon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Arpitaans" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maali" title="Maali – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Maali" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maly" title="Maly – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Maly" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mail%C3%AD" title="Mailí – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Mailí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Gagaoezisch" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagaoezisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A0ili" title="Màili – Schots-Gaelisch" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Màili" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schots-Gaelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%AD" title="Malí – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Malí" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%80" title="માલી – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="માલી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gur mw-list-item"><a href="https://gur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Gurune" lang="gur" hreflang="gur" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Farefare" data-language-local-name="Gurune" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Farefare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malee" title="Malee – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Malee" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99" title="מאלי – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מאלי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="माली – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="माली" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Fijisch Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fijisch Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Oppersorbisch" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Oppersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Haïtiaans Creools" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB" title="Մալի – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մալի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%AD" title="Malí – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Malí" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="マリ共和国 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マリ共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Jamaicaans Creools" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaicaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="მალი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მალი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Karakalpaks" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Karakalpaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Kabylisch" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabylisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalii" title="Maalii – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Maalii" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Gikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Gikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%B8" title="ម៉ាលី – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ម៉ាលី" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF" title="ಮಾಲಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಾಲಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%90%EB%A6%AC" title="말리 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="말리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%AE" title="Malî – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Malî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malia" title="Malia – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Malia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Lezgisch" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Luganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Luganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Ligurisch" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B5" title="ປະເທດມາລີ – Laotiaans" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດມາລີ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laotiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malis" title="Malis – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Malis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="माली – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="माली" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Moksja" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%E1%BB%B3" title="Malỳ – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Malỳ" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81ri" title="Māri – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Māri" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF" title="മാലി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാലി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯃꯥꯂꯤ – Meitei" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯃꯥꯂꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Meitei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mos mw-list-item"><a href="https://mos.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%AC" title="Malì – Mossi" lang="mos" hreflang="mos" data-title="Malì" data-language-autonym="Moore" data-language-local-name="Mossi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Moore</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="माली – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="माली" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – West-Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="West-Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Mirandees" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="မာလီနိုင်ငံ – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မာလီနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="مالی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مالی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Nedersaksisch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Nederduits" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="माली – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="माली" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="माली – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="माली" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%A1%DF%8A%DF%AC%DF%9F%DF%8C%DF%AC%DF%93%DF%8A" title="ߡߊ߬ߟߌ߬ߓߊ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߡߊ߬ߟߌ߬ߓߊ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Noord-Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Noord-Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1%C5%82k%C3%A1%C3%A1%CA%BCts%CA%BCin_Bitoo%CA%BC_Hahoodzo" title="Táłkááʼtsʼin Bitooʼ Hahoodzo – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Táłkááʼtsʼin Bitooʼ Hahoodzo" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalii" title="Maalii – Afaan Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Maalii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Afaan Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80" title="ਮਾਲੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਾਲੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Papiaments" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiaments" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="माली – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="माली" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maali" title="Maali – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Maali" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Piëmontees" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piëmontees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="مالی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مالی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="مالي – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مالي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Малі – Roetheens" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Малі" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Roetheens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="माली – Sanskriet" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="माली" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskriet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Jakoets" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakoets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱢᱟᱞᱤ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱟᱞᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Sardijns" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardijns" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="مالي – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مالي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Noord-Samisch" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Noord-Samisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%AFi" title="Malïi – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Malïi" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Tashelhiyt" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tashelhiyt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းမႃႇလီႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းမႃႇလီႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92" title="මාලි – Singalees" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මාලි" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Inari-Samisch" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari-Samisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maari" title="Maari – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Maari" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maali" title="Maali – Somalisch" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Maali" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMali" title="IMali – Swazi" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IMali" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swazi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Zuid-Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Zuid-Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Saterfries" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterfries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Soendanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Soendanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Silezisch" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silezisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF" title="மாலி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாலி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF_(%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%82)" title="మాలి (దేశం) – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మాలి (దేశం)" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%A3" title="Малӣ – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Малӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5" title="ประเทศมาลี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศมาลี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9B%E1%88%8A" title="ማሊ – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ማሊ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Turkmeens" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali_(bansa)" title="Mali (bansa) – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mali (bansa)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali_(Tiko)" title="Mali (Tiko) – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Mali (Tiko)" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Toemboeka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Toemboeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мали – Oedmoerts" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Мали" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Oedmoerts" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89" title="مالى – Oeigoers" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مالى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Oeigoers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Малі – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Малі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="مالی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مالی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C5%82%C3%AC" title="Małì – Venetiaans" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Małì" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Wepsisch" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Wepsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – West-Vlaams" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West-Vlaams" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maliy%C3%A4n" title="Maliyän – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Maliyän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Waals" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Waals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C" title="马里 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马里" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="მალი – Mingreels" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მალი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingreels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99" title="מאלי – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מאלי" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Zeeuws" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%89" title="ⵎⴰⵍⵉ – Standaard Marokkaanse Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵎⴰⵍⵉ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standaard Marokkaanse Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C" title="马里 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="马里" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C" title="馬里 – Klassiek Chinees" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="馬里" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Klassiek Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali" title="Mali – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Mali" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C" title="馬里 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="馬里" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMali" title="IMali – Zoeloe" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IMali" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zoeloe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q912#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hulpmiddelen</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Meer opties" > <div 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:VerwijzingenNaarHier/Mali" title="Lijst met alle pagina's die naar deze pagina verwijzen [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Links naar deze pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingenGelinkt/Mali" rel="nofollow" title="Recente wijzigingen in pagina's waar deze pagina naar verwijst [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Gerelateerde wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=nl" title="Bestanden uploaden [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Bestand uploaden</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:SpecialePaginas" title="Lijst met alle speciale pagina's [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciale pagina's</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&oldid=68429643" title="Permanente koppeling naar deze versie van deze pagina"><span>Permanente koppeling</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=info" title="Meer informatie over deze pagina"><span>Paginagegevens</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Citeren&page=Mali&id=68429643&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informatie over hoe u deze pagina kunt citeren"><span>Deze pagina citeren</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMali"><span>Verkorte URL verkrijgen</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMali"><span>QR-code downloaden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Afdrukken/exporteren </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Mali"><span>Boek aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mali&action=show-download-screen"><span>Downloaden als PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&printable=yes" title="Printvriendelijke versie van deze pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Afdrukversie</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In andere projecten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mali" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikinews.org/wiki/Categorie:Mali" hreflang="nl"><span>Wikinieuws</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Mali" hreflang="nl"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q912" title="Koppeling naar item in verbonden gegevensrepository [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="tpl_Coordinaten"><span class="plainlinks" title="Klik op de coördinaten om een plattegrond of satellietfoto te bekijken" style="font-size:87%;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Coördinaten"><img alt="Coördinaten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Internet-web-browser.svg/23px-Internet-web-browser.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Internet-web-browser.svg/35px-Internet-web-browser.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Internet-web-browser.svg/46px-Internet-web-browser.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=nl&params=17_00_00_N_4_22_00_W_type:country_region:ML&pagename=Mali">17° 0′ NB, 4° 22′ WL</a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Doorverwezen vanaf <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali_(hoofdbetekenis)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Mali (hoofdbetekenis)">Mali (hoofdbetekenis)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><div id="sjabloon_zie_artikel" class="hatnote" style="padding:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Voor het gelijknamige rijk uit de 14e tot 16e eeuw, zie <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Mali" title="Koninkrijk Mali">Koninkrijk Mali</a>. Voor het Zweedse eiland, zie <a href="/wiki/Mali_(eiland)" title="Mali (eiland)">Mali (eiland)</a>.</i> </div> <table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:lightgrey; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3"><span lang="fr" title="Frans">République du Mali</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><div style="display:grid; grid-template-columns:auto 50%; align-items:center; text-align:center;"> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Mali.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/125px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/188px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/250px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Coat_of_arms_of_Mali.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Coat_of_arms_of_Mali.svg/110px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Coat_of_arms_of_Mali.svg/165px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Coat_of_arms_of_Mali.svg/220px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a></span></div> <div><small>(<a href="/wiki/Vlag_van_Mali" title="Vlag van Mali">Details</a>)</small></div> <div><small>(<a href="/wiki/Wapen_van_Mali" title="Wapen van Mali">Details</a>)</small></div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:LocationMali.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kaart"><img alt="Kaart" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/LocationMali.svg/266px-LocationMali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="266" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/LocationMali.svg/399px-LocationMali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/LocationMali.svg/532px-LocationMali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:lightgrey; color:inherit; text-align:center;" colspan="3">Basisgegevens </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Offici%C3%ABle_taal" title="Officiële taal">Officiële taal</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bambara_(taal)" title="Bambara (taal)">Bambara</a> en andere </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hoofdstad" title="Hoofdstad">Hoofdstad</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bamako" title="Bamako">Bamako</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Regeringsvorm" title="Regeringsvorm">Regeringsvorm</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republiek_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republiek (hoofdbetekenis)">Republiek</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Staatshoofd" title="Staatshoofd">Staatshoofd</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/President" title="President">President</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Assimi_Go%C3%AFta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assimi Goïta (de pagina bestaat niet)">Assimi Goïta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Regeringsleider" title="Regeringsleider">Regeringsleider</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Premier_(regeringsleider)" title="Premier (regeringsleider)">Premier</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdoulaye_Ma%C3%AFga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdoulaye Maïga (de pagina bestaat niet)">Abdoulaye Maïga</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Religie" title="Religie">Religie</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a> 95% </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_landen_naar_oppervlakte" title="Lijst van landen naar oppervlakte">Oppervlakte</a> </th> <td colspan="2">1.240.192 km²<sup id="cite_ref-oppervlakte_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oppervlakte-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1,6% water) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_landen_naar_inwonertal" title="Lijst van landen naar inwonertal">Inwoners</a> </th> <td colspan="2">14.517.176 (2009)<sup id="cite_ref-census_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> 19.553.397 (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-schatting_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schatting-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<span style="display: none;" class="sortkey">0000015766 </span><span class="sorttext">15,8/km² <small>(2020)</small></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bijvoeglijk_naamwoord" title="Bijvoeglijk naamwoord">Bijv. naamwoord</a> </th> <td colspan="2">Malinees </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Inwonersnaam" title="Inwonersnaam">Inwoneraanduiding</a> </th> <td colspan="2">Malinees/Maliër (m./v.)<br />Malinese (v.) </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:lightgrey; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Overige </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Volkslied_(nationaal_symbool)" title="Volkslied (nationaal symbool)">Volkslied</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Pour_l%27Afrique_et_pour_toi,_Mali" title="Pour l'Afrique et pour toi, Mali">Pour l'Afrique et pour toi, Mali</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">Munteenheid</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/CFA-frank" title="CFA-frank">CFA-frank</a> <code>(<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">XOF</a>)</code> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/UTC" title="UTC">UTC</a> </th> <td colspan="2">+0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Nationale_feestdag" title="Nationale feestdag">Nationale feestdag</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/22_september" title="22 september">22 september</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Topleveldomein" title="Topleveldomein">Web</a> | <a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-1" title="ISO 3166-1">Code</a> | <a href="/wiki/Landnummer" class="mw-redirect" title="Landnummer">Tel.</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/.ml" title=".ml">.ml</a> | MLI | 223 </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:lightgrey; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Voorgaande staten </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"><span></span> <table style="width:100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr class="vatop"> <td class="ta-left"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Mali_(1959%E2%80%931961).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mali-federatie"><img alt="Mali-federatie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Mali_%281959%E2%80%931961%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Mali_%281959%E2%80%931961%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Mali_%281959%E2%80%931961%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Mali_%281959%E2%80%931961%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Mali_%281959%E2%80%931961%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Mali_%281959%E2%80%931961%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mali-federatie" title="Mali-federatie">Mali-federatie</a></td> <td class="ta-left"><b>1960</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:lightgrey; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Detailkaart </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" style="padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Un-mali.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kaart van Mali"><img alt="Kaart van Mali" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Un-mali.png/266px-Un-mali.png" decoding="async" width="266" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Un-mali.png/399px-Un-mali.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Un-mali.png/532px-Un-mali.png 2x" data-file-width="3092" data-file-height="2367" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:lightgrey; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <div style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalpictogram"><img alt="Portaalpictogram" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>  <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Landen_%26_Volken" title="Portaal:Landen & Volken">Landen & Volken</a></b></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Mali</b>, officieel de <b>Republiek Mali</b> (<a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans">Frans</a>: <i>République du Mali</i>), is een <a href="/wiki/Landen_van_de_wereld" class="mw-redirect" title="Landen van de wereld">land</a> in <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a>. Het noorden en noordoosten ligt in de <a href="/wiki/Sahara" title="Sahara">Sahara</a>, het zuiden en zuidwesten in de <a href="/wiki/Sahel_(landstreek)" title="Sahel (landstreek)">Sahel</a>. Het land is volledig afgesloten van de zee. </p><p>Mali heeft 13 officiële talen, waaronder <a href="/wiki/Bambara_(taal)" title="Bambara (taal)">Bambara</a>. Daarnaast wordt er <a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans">Frans</a> gesproken als lingua franca, hoewel het sinds 2023 niet meer officieel erkend wordt<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>De hoofdstad <a href="/wiki/Bamako" title="Bamako">Bamako</a> ligt in het zuidwesten van het land. Mali heeft ruim 20 miljoen inwoners waarvan meer dan 10% in en rond de hoofdstad woont. Het is een van de armste landen ter wereld en kampt met ernstige interne spanningen. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis">Geschiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vroege_geschiedenis">Vroege geschiedenis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Vroege geschiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Vroege geschiedenis"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Van de <a href="/wiki/4e_eeuw" title="4e eeuw">4e</a> tot de <a href="/wiki/16e_eeuw" title="16e eeuw">16e eeuw</a> was Mali onderdeel van drie belangrijke Afrikaanse culturen: het <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Ghana" title="Koninkrijk Ghana">koninkrijk Ghana</a>, het <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Mali" title="Koninkrijk Mali">koninkrijk Mali</a> en het koninkrijk <a href="/wiki/Songhai-rijk" class="mw-redirect" title="Songhai-rijk">Songhai</a>. De belangrijkste verslagen over deze culturen zijn van <a href="/wiki/Arabieren" title="Arabieren">Arabische</a> geleerden die er op bezoek kwamen. Een belangrijk centrum was <a href="/wiki/Timboektoe_(stad)" title="Timboektoe (stad)">Timboektoe</a> in het centrum van hedendaags Mali. In de <a href="/wiki/14e_eeuw" title="14e eeuw">14e eeuw</a> was deze plaats een belangrijk leercentrum voor <a href="/wiki/Geschiedenis" title="Geschiedenis">geschiedenis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rechtsleer" title="Rechtsleer">rechtsleer</a> en de islamitische godsdienst. Timboektoe was ook een handelscentrum en een bestemming voor handelskaravanen. </p> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Mali" title="Koninkrijk Mali">Koninkrijk Mali</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="De_Fransen_en_dekolonisatie">De Fransen en dekolonisatie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: De Fransen en dekolonisatie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: De Fransen en dekolonisatie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Na aanvankelijk fel verzet van de lokale bevolking namen de Fransen het gebied vanaf <a href="/wiki/1893" title="1893">1893</a> in. Onder de naam <a href="/wiki/Frans-Soedan" title="Frans-Soedan">Frans-Soedan</a> werd het een onderdeel van <a href="/wiki/Frans-West-Afrika" title="Frans-West-Afrika">Frans-West-Afrika</a>. </p><p>Op <a href="/wiki/25_november" title="25 november">25 november</a> <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a> kreeg Frans-Soedan autonomie als een zelf-regerend lid van de <a href="/wiki/Communaut%C3%A9" title="Communauté">Franse Gemeenschap</a>, vergelijkbaar met het <a href="/wiki/Gemenebest_van_Naties" title="Gemenebest van Naties">Britse Gemenebest</a>. Op 4 april 1959 fuseerde Frans-Soedan of "Soudan" met Senegal tot de <a href="/wiki/Mali-federatie" title="Mali-federatie">Mali-federatie</a> (<i>Fédération du Mali</i>, hoofdstad <a href="/wiki/Dakar" title="Dakar">Dakar</a>), die op 20 juni 1960 volledig onafhankelijk werd van Frankrijk. Al na twee maanden op 20 augustus stapte Senegal uit de federatie. De belangrijkste aanleidingen waren verschillen van mening over de economische en politieke koers van de federatie tussen de deelregeringen van Soudan en Senegal, en de botsende persoonlijkheden en ego's van de Senegalese leider <a href="/wiki/Leopold_Senghor" class="mw-redirect" title="Leopold Senghor">Leopold Senghor</a> en de Soedanese leider <a href="/wiki/Modibo_Ke%C3%AFta_(1915)" title="Modibo Keïta (1915)">Modibo Keïta</a>. Op 22 september 1960 verklaarde Modibo Keïta in Bamako de onafhankelijkheid van Soudan van de Mali-federatie, onder de naam Republiek Mali, <i>République du Mali</i>. Het land werd als een eenpartijstaat geregeerd door de <a href="/wiki/Union_Soudanaise_-_Rassemblement_D%C3%A9mocratique_Africain" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Soudanaise - Rassemblement Démocratique Africain">Union Soudanaise - Rassemblement Démocratique Africain</a> USRDA onder leiding van Modibo Keïta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960-1990">1960-1990</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: 1960-1990" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: 1960-1990"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het <a href="/wiki/Marxisme" title="Marxisme">marxistisch</a> georiënteerde bewind faalde economische groei te brengen en riep in 1967 de permanente revolutie uit die het land in chaos en geweld stortte. In 1968 volgde een <a href="/w/index.php?title=Staatsgreep_in_Mali_(1968)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Staatsgreep in Mali (1968) (de pagina bestaat niet)">staatsgreep</a> door een groepje jonge officieren, het Comité Militaire de Libération Nationale CMLN, onder leiding van <a href="/wiki/Moussa_Traor%C3%A9_(president)" title="Moussa Traoré (president)">Moussa Traoré</a>. Het bewind bleef militair tot 1979, waarna Traoré formeel een burgerregering installeerde en een nieuwe politieke partij oprichtte, de <a href="/wiki/Union_D%C3%A9mocratique_du_Peuple_Malien" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Démocratique du Peuple Malien">Union Démocratique du Peuple Malien</a> UDPM. In de <a href="/wiki/1970-1979" title="1970-1979">jaren zeventig</a> en <a href="/wiki/1980-1989" title="1980-1989">jaren tachtig</a> werd Mali geplaagd door <a href="/wiki/Watertekort" class="mw-redirect" title="Watertekort">watertekorten</a> en <a href="/wiki/Droogte" title="Droogte">droogtes</a>. In 1985 was Mali in een <a href="/wiki/Agacherstrook-oorlog" title="Agacherstrook-oorlog">korte oorlog</a> verwikkeld met buurland <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Burgeroorlogen_en_staatshervormingen_jaren_negentig">Burgeroorlogen en staatshervormingen jaren negentig</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Burgeroorlogen en staatshervormingen jaren negentig" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Burgeroorlogen en staatshervormingen jaren negentig"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1990 brak in het noorden van het land een opstand van de Toearegs uit die in eerste instantie naar onafhankelijkheid streefden. De Toearegrebellenbeweging Mouvement Populaire pour la Libération de l'Azawad MPLA wist het Malinese leger enkele nederlagen toe te brengen, die het dictatoriale bewind dwongen troepen uit de buurt van de hoofdstad Bamako naar het noorden te verplaatsen. Hierdoor zagen oppositiebewegingen in Bamako meer kans zich te verzetten tegen de dictatuur. In 1991 braken studentenprotesten tegen het regime uit, die op 26 maart uitliepen op rellen in de hoofdstad waarbij veel doden vielen. <a href="/wiki/Generaal" title="Generaal">Generaal</a> <a href="/wiki/Moussa_Traor%C3%A9_(president)" title="Moussa Traoré (president)">Moussa Traoré</a> werd die dag afgezet door kolonel <a href="/wiki/Amadou_Toumani_Tour%C3%A9" title="Amadou Toumani Touré">Amadou Toumani Touré</a>, die een Comité Transitoire pour le Salut du Peuple CTSP had opgericht waarin studentenleiders, de leiders van de ondergrondse oppositiepartijen en de Toearegrebellen zitting namen. Alle partijen onderhandelden onder leiding van Touré, voerden op 11 januari 1992 een nieuwe grondwet in en sloten op 11 april 1992 een vredesverdrag, het Pacte National, dat voorzag in een decentrale overheid, meer autonomie voor het noorden, economische ontwikkeling voor de regio's en het houden van vrije verkiezingen. Dat was voor het eerst sinds de jaren veertig. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Oumar_Konar%C3%A9" title="Alpha Oumar Konaré">Alpha Oumar Konaré</a>, leider van de ADEMA-PASJ-partij, werd 26 april 1992 na twee stemrondes tot <a href="/wiki/President" title="President">president</a> gekozen. Hij bleek echter niet in staat om een definitieve vrede met de <a href="/wiki/Toeareg" title="Toeareg">Toearegs</a> te bewerkstelligen. De MPLA viel uit elkaar in splintergroeperingen. In 1994 ontaardde het conflict in interne gevechten tussen verschillende Toearegstammen onderling, en tussen de Toearegs en de Songhaibevolking, waarbij veel burgerslachtoffers vielen. Konaré begreep dat er van vrede pas sprake kon zijn als de onderlinge geschillen werden bijgelegd, en hij stak veel energie in een onderlinge dialoog. Ook vroeg hij secretaris-generaal van de Verenigde Naties <a href="/wiki/Boutros_Boutros-Ghali" title="Boutros Boutros-Ghali">Boutros Boutros-Ghali</a> om een onderzoek in te stellen naar de handel in kleine wapens. Dit leidde uiteindelijk tot een <a href="/wiki/Moratorium" title="Moratorium">moratorium</a>. In 1996 keerde de vrede terug in het noorden na een langdurig proces van verzoening tussen de verschillende stammen en bevolkingsgroepen. De vrede werd op <a href="/wiki/26_maart" title="26 maart">26 maart</a> <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> luister bijgezet met een ceremoniële wapenverbranding: Flamme de la paix, vertaald: Vlam van de vrede, op de markt van Timboektoe, waarbij alle rebellenbewegingen zich formeel ontbonden. </p><p>In 1997 werd Alpha Oumar Konaré herkozen als president. Hij hervatte de politieke en economische hervormingen en bond de strijd aan tegen <a href="/wiki/Corruptie" title="Corruptie">corruptie</a>. De decentralisering van het bestuur en de politiek in Mali werd in 1999 voltooid. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="De_21e_eeuw,_interne_onrust"><span id="De_21e_eeuw.2C_interne_onrust"></span>De 21e eeuw, interne onrust</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: De 21e eeuw, interne onrust" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: De 21e eeuw, interne onrust"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Op 12 mei 2002 werd president Konaré opgevolgd door de onafhankelijke kandidaat en voormalig luitenant-kolonel Amadou Toumani Touré, de architect van de vrede en hervormingen in 1992. In april 2007 werd Touré voor een tweede termijn verkozen. Onder zijn bewind werd Mali vaak gezien als het goede voorbeeld van <a href="/wiki/Democratie" title="Democratie">democratie</a> in West-Afrika. </p><p>Na tien jaar vrede laaide de strijd in mei 2012 weer kort op. Voormalige rebellen, die als officier dienstdeden in het leger, trokken zich terug in het Tigharghargebergte ten noorden van Kidal. Zij eisten de volledige uitvoering van het oorspronkelijke Pacte National uit 1992 waarvan delen nog steeds niet waren uitgevoerd. Bij de gevechten met deze opstandelingen vielen enkele doden. </p><p>Na bemiddeling door de Algerijnse president <a href="/wiki/Abdelaziz_Bouteflika" title="Abdelaziz Bouteflika">Abdelaziz Bouteflika</a> zijn onderhandelingen gevoerd tussen de Malinese regering en de opstandelingen. Uit deze onderhandelingen is een akkoord voortgekomen, waarin de re-integratie van de soldaten en een speciaal programma voor de ontwikkeling van Kidal is opgenomen. Dit akkoord is door president Touré van Mali ondertekend, maar is niet in de volksvertegenwoordiging, de Assemblée Nationale, behandeld. Dit heeft veel discussie in de media over de legitimiteit van het stuk opgeleverd. </p><p>In 2011 vochten vele Toearegs mee met <a href="/wiki/Moammar_al-Qadhafi" title="Moammar al-Qadhafi">Moammar al-Qadhafi</a> tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Opstand_in_Libi%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Opstand in Libië">Opstand in Libië</a>; toen ze deze verloren, zijn zij en andere Qadhafiaanhangers naar Mali teruggekeerd met zware wapens van het voormalige Libische regime, en hebben sindsdien zich meester gemaakt van verscheidene steden in Noord-Mali. Het Malinese leger meende dat president Amadou Toumani Touré hen onvoldoende bevoorraadde tegen de rebellen en pleegde op 22 maart 2012 een staatsgreep. </p><p>In 2012 is de situatie in het noorden van het land zo verslechterd, dat de regering van <a href="/wiki/Frankrijk" title="Frankrijk">Frankrijk</a> op 11 januari 2013 besloot tot militair ingrijpen.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De opstand laaide vanaf 2011 weer op, onder meer nadat zwaarbewapende Toearegs waren teruggekeerd uit <a href="/wiki/Libi%C3%AB" title="Libië">Libië</a>, waar zij tijdens de opstand hadden gevochten aan de kant van kolonel <a href="/wiki/Moammar_al-Qadhafi" title="Moammar al-Qadhafi">Moammar al-Qadhafi</a>. Eind 2011 werkten zij mee aan de verzetsbeweging MNLA Mouvement National pour la Liberation de l'Azawad die strijdt voor onafhankelijkheid van <a href="/wiki/Azawad" title="Azawad">Azawad</a>, een groot woestijngebied in het noorden en westen van Mali. In januari 2012 was er sprake van drie gevechtsfronten en hadden de rebellen aanzienlijke successen geboekt.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Duizenden inwoners sloegen op de vlucht voor de gevechten en tientallen mensen werden gedood. <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> spreekt van een humanitaire crisis. Er is ook sprake van terreur door een Noord-Afrikaanse tak van <a href="/wiki/Al_Qaida" title="Al Qaida">Al Qaida</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Staatsgreep_in_2012">Staatsgreep in 2012</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Staatsgreep in 2012" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Staatsgreep in 2012"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Staatsgreep_in_Mali_(2012)" title="Staatsgreep in Mali (2012)">Staatsgreep in Mali (2012)</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Op woensdag 21 maart 2012 kwam het tot ongeregeldheden bij het gebouw van de staatsomroep, militairen aldaar eisten betere bewapening om zich te verweren tegen de Toearegs. Dit resulteerde de dag daarop in een staatsgreep door een groep die zich het Nationaal Comité voor het Herstel van de Democratie en de Republiek (CNRDR - Comité National pour la Restauration de la Démocratie et la République) noemt en onder leiding zou staan van kolonel <a href="/wiki/Amadou_Sanogo" title="Amadou Sanogo">Amadou Sanogo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Op 22 maart zetten militairen de <a href="/wiki/Amadou_Toumani_Tour%C3%A9" title="Amadou Toumani Touré">president</a> af<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> waar een onduidelijk aantal doden en gewonden bij is gevallen. De <a href="/wiki/Wereldbank" title="Wereldbank">Wereldbank</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Afrikaanse_Ontwikkelingsbank" title="Afrikaanse Ontwikkelingsbank">Afrikaanse Ontwikkelingsbank</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Europese_Commissie" title="Europese Commissie">Europese Commissie</a> schortten hun economische steun op.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/ECOWAS" class="mw-redirect" title="ECOWAS">ECOWAS</a> ging over tot het sluiten van de grenzen en bevriezen van de rekeningen van Mali's Centrale Bank. Door deze druk en internationale bemiddeling nam Amadou Toumani Touré officieel afstand van het presidentschap en gingen de opstandige militairen akkoord met het instellen van een interim-regering die nieuwe verkiezingen moet gaan organiseren. Deze interim-regering wordt geleid door de voormalige parlementsvoorzitter Diouncounda Traoré, die op het moment van de coup in buurland <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a> zat.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hij treedt tijdelijk op als president. <a href="/wiki/Cheick_Modibo_Diarra" title="Cheick Modibo Diarra">Cheick Modibo Diarra</a> is aangesteld als interim minister-president. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Burgeroorlog_2012-2013">Burgeroorlog 2012-2013</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Burgeroorlog 2012-2013" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Burgeroorlog 2012-2013"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Malinese_Burgeroorlog_2012-2013" title="Malinese Burgeroorlog 2012-2013">Malinese Burgeroorlog 2012-2013</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>De staatsgreep speelde rebellerende Toearegs in het noorden van Mali in de kaart. Zij konden door het ontstane machtsvacuüm hun opmars nog verder voortzetten.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Op 30 maart veroverden ze <a href="/wiki/Gao_(stad)" title="Gao (stad)">Gao</a> en <a href="/wiki/Kidal_(stad)" title="Kidal (stad)">Kidal</a>, en op 1 april <a href="/wiki/Timboektoe_(stad)" title="Timboektoe (stad)">Timboektoe</a>. Op 6 april riepen ze de "onafhankelijke republiek <a href="/wiki/Azawad" title="Azawad">Azawad</a>" uit. </p><p>Intussen hadden islamistische krijgers van <a href="/wiki/Ansar_Dine" title="Ansar Dine">Ansar Dine</a> onder leiding van Iyad Ag Ghali de <a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">sharia</a> van kracht verklaard, waarna de meeste christenen Timboektoe ontvluchtten. Op 26 mei 2012 sloten nationalistische Toearegs (MNLA) en islamisten in Gao een akkoord tot de oprichting van een "islamitische republiek Azawad". Op 27 juni 2012 braken echter weer onderlinge gevechten uit tussen Ansar Dine en MNLA. </p><p>De rebellen in het noorden breidden hun machtspositie uit en veroverden op 10 januari 2013 de centrale stad <a href="/wiki/Konna" title="Konna">Konna</a>, op 600 kilometer van Bamako. Hierop riep de regering van Mali Franse hulp in. Het Franse leger dat bases heeft in Mali voerde vanaf vrijdag 11 januari 2013 luchtaanvallen uit op de rebellen. Parijs stuurde extra troepen om de hoofdstad Bamako te beschermen. Frankrijk hoopte daarmee te voorkomen dat Mali een brandhaard voor terroristen zou worden. De <a href="/wiki/Veiligheidsraad_van_de_Verenigde_Naties" title="Veiligheidsraad van de Verenigde Naties">VN Veiligheidsraad</a> verklaarde zich unaniem achter de interventie van Frankrijk in Mali.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Op 26 januari 2013 viel de stad <a href="/wiki/Gao_(stad)" title="Gao (stad)">Gao</a> in Franse handen.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Staatsgrepen_vanaf_2020">Staatsgrepen vanaf 2020</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Staatsgrepen vanaf 2020" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=9" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Staatsgrepen vanaf 2020"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vanaf 5 juni 2020 vonden grootschalige protesten plaats in Mali, waarbij demonstranten opriepen tot het aftreden van president <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Boubacar_Ke%C3%AFta" title="Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta">Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta</a>. De demonstranten waren ontevreden over de onrust in het land, de vermeende corruptie bij de overheid en de economische malaise. Tijdens de protesten vielen vele gewonden en meerdere doden. Op 18 augustus 2020 werd door Malinese strijdkrachten een militaire basis in de stad Kati bestormd, waar geweerschoten werden uitgewisseld en hoge officieren werden gearresteerd. Tanks en gepantserde voertuigen rukten vervolgens op naar de hoofdstad Bamako, waar leden van de regering gevangen werden genomen. Hieronder waren ook president Keïta en premier <a href="/wiki/Boubou_Ciss%C3%A9" title="Boubou Cissé">Boubou Cissé</a>. Keïta trad hierop af en ontbond de regering, waarna de macht voorlopig in handen kwam van de militaire leider <a href="/w/index.php?title=Assimi_Go%C3%AFta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assimi Goïta (de pagina bestaat niet)">Assimi Goïta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eind september 2020 werd <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bah_N%27Daw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bah N'Daw (de pagina bestaat niet)">Bah N'Daw</a> aangewezen als waarnemend president voor een overgangsperiode van achttien maanden. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moctar_Ouane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moctar Ouane (de pagina bestaat niet)">Moctar Ouane</a> werd waarnemend premier. In mei 2021 werden president N'Daw en premier Ouane echter gearresteerd op aanwijzingen van Goïta, de vicepresident van het land, die verkiezingen zegt te willen organiseren.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> N'Daw en Ouane werden dezelfde maand nog vrijgelaten en onder huisarrest geplaatst. Het West-Afrikaanse samenwerkingsverband <a href="/wiki/Economische_Gemeenschap_van_West-Afrikaanse_Staten" title="Economische Gemeenschap van West-Afrikaanse Staten">Ecowas</a> besloot echter het lidmaatschap van Mali op te schorten naar aanleiding van deze laatste staatsgreep.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bestuurlijke_indeling">Bestuurlijke indeling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Bestuurlijke indeling" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=10" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Bestuurlijke indeling"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Regio%27s_van_Mali" title="Regio's van Mali">Regio's van Mali</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Mali is onderverdeeld in tien regio's: <a href="/wiki/Gao_(regio)" title="Gao (regio)">Gao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kayes_(regio)" title="Kayes (regio)">Kayes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kidal_(regio)" title="Kidal (regio)">Kidal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koulikoro_(regio)" title="Koulikoro (regio)">Koulikoro</a>, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9naka_(regio)" title="Ménaka (regio)">Ménaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mopti_(regio)" title="Mopti (regio)">Mopti</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9gou_(regio)" title="Ségou (regio)">Ségou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sikasso_(regio)" title="Sikasso (regio)">Sikasso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taoud%C3%A9nit_(regio)" title="Taoudénit (regio)">Taoudénit</a> en <a href="/wiki/Timboektoe_(regio)" title="Timboektoe (regio)">Timboektoe</a>. De hoofdstad Bamako heeft een aparte administratieve status. De <a href="/wiki/Toeareg" title="Toeareg">Toearegs</a> in het noorden hebben sinds de jaren negentig een speciale bestuurlijke zone. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bevolking_en_religie">Bevolking en religie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Bevolking en religie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=11" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Bevolking en religie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In juli 2021 wordt de bevolking van Mali geschat op iets meer dan 20 miljoen.<sup id="cite_ref-CIAPS_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAPS-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ongeveer 10% van de bevolking leeft als <a href="/wiki/Nomade" title="Nomade">nomaden</a>. De bevolking is onderverdeeld in verschillende etnische groepen, namelijk de: <a href="/wiki/Bambara_(volk)" title="Bambara (volk)">Bambara</a> (32%), <a href="/wiki/Fulani" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulani">Fulani</a> of Peul (14%), <a href="/wiki/Senufo" title="Senufo">Senufo</a> (12%), <a href="/wiki/Soninke" title="Soninke">Soninke</a> (9%), <a href="/wiki/Toeareg" title="Toeareg">Toeareg</a> (7%), <a href="/wiki/Songhai_(volk)" title="Songhai (volk)">Songhai</a> (7%) en de <a href="/wiki/Malinke" title="Malinke">Malinke</a> of Mandingo, Mandinke (7%) </p><p>Naar schatting bestaat 94% van de bevolking uit <a href="/wiki/Moslims" class="mw-redirect" title="Moslims">moslims</a> (65% in de jaren 1960).<sup id="cite_ref-CIAPS_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAPS-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ongeveer 3% is <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">christen</a>. Het land is sinds de oprichting in 1969 lid van de <i><a href="/wiki/Organisatie_voor_Islamitische_Samenwerking" title="Organisatie voor Islamitische Samenwerking">Organisatie voor Islamitische Samenwerking</a></i>. </p><p>Een van de bekende christelijke <a href="/wiki/Bedevaartsoord" class="mw-redirect" title="Bedevaartsoord">bedevaartsoorden</a> in Mali is de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kathedraal_Notre_Dame_de_Kita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kathedraal Notre Dame de Kita (de pagina bestaat niet)">kathedraal Notre Dame de Kita</a> die zich in de stad <a href="/wiki/Kita_(Mali)" title="Kita (Mali)">Kita</a> bevindt in de regio <a href="/wiki/Kayes_(regio)" title="Kayes (regio)">Kayes</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultuur">Cultuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Cultuur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=12" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Cultuur"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mali heeft een rijke en diverse muziekscene die uit de cultuur van de <a href="/wiki/Griot" title="Griot">griots</a> is voortgekomen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Natuurlijk">Natuurlijk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Natuurlijk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=13" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Natuurlijk"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:People_in_Timbuktu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/People_in_Timbuktu.jpg/250px-People_in_Timbuktu.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/People_in_Timbuktu.jpg/375px-People_in_Timbuktu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/People_in_Timbuktu.jpg/500px-People_in_Timbuktu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1344" data-file-height="1432" /></a><figcaption>Straatbeeld in Timboektoe</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Hombori_village.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Hombori_village.jpg/250px-Hombori_village.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Hombori_village.jpg/375px-Hombori_village.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Hombori_village.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Straatbeeld in Hombori</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geografie">Geografie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=14" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mali bestaat voor 70% uit <a href="/wiki/Woestijn" title="Woestijn">woestijn</a> of semiwoestijn, de Sahel. Dit beslaat voornamelijk het noordelijke gedeelte van het land. In het zuidwesten stromen ook enkele grote rivieren, namelijk de <a href="/wiki/Niger_(rivier)" title="Niger (rivier)">Niger</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9n%C3%A9gal" title="Sénégal">Sénégal</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Bani_(rivier)" title="Bani (rivier)">Bani</a>. Het land is voornamelijk vlak, het hoogste deel is de <a href="/wiki/Adrar_Des_Iforas" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrar Des Iforas">Adrar Des Iforas</a> aan de grens met Algerije. Dit hoogland in de Sahara bevat veel <a href="/wiki/Wadi_(rivierdal)" title="Wadi (rivierdal)">wadi's</a>, droge valleien, waar vroeger rivieren vloeiden. De hoogste berg van het land is de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hombori_Tondo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hombori Tondo (de pagina bestaat niet)">Hombori Tondo</a> (1155 meter). </p><p>Mali ligt volledig afgesloten van de zee. De omringende landen van Mali zijn <a href="/wiki/Mauritani%C3%AB" title="Mauritanië">Mauritanië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algerije" title="Algerije">Algerije</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niger_(land)" title="Niger (land)">Niger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivoorkust" title="Ivoorkust">Ivoorkust</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guinee" title="Guinee">Guinee</a> en <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klimaat">Klimaat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Klimaat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=15" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Klimaat"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het noorden van het land heeft een <a href="/wiki/Woestijnklimaat" title="Woestijnklimaat">woestijnklimaat</a> en er is praktisch het hele jaar geen regenval. Het zuidelijke gedeelte van het land heeft voldoende regenval om landbouw mogelijk te maken. Het <a href="/wiki/Regenseizoen" class="mw-redirect" title="Regenseizoen">regenseizoen</a> in het zuiden is van mei tot oktober. Van tijd tot tijd zijn er droogtes die de landbouw verder bemoeilijken. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natuurlijke_vegetatie">Natuurlijke vegetatie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Natuurlijke vegetatie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=16" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Natuurlijke vegetatie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In het noorden is de begroeiing schaars. De droge <a href="/wiki/Grassenfamilie" title="Grassenfamilie">graslanden</a> in centraal en Zuidoost-Mali vormen onderdeel van een regio genaamd de Sahel. Het noordelijke gedeelte van deze regio droogt langzaam op en wordt langzaam onderdeel van de Sahara. Het zuidelijke gedeelte van Mali bestaat uit <a href="/wiki/Savanne_(landschap)" title="Savanne (landschap)">savanne</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biosfeerreservaat">Biosfeerreservaat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Biosfeerreservaat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=17" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Biosfeerreservaat"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mali bezit een door de UNESCO erkend<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Biosfeerreservaat" title="Biosfeerreservaat">biosfeerreservaat</a>: <b>Boucle du Baoulé</b>; het is 25.000 km² groot en ligt in de West-Afrikaanse <a href="/wiki/Savanne_(landschap)" title="Savanne (landschap)">savanne</a>, in de bestuurlijke regio’s <a href="/wiki/Kayes_(regio)" title="Kayes (regio)">Kayes</a> en <a href="/wiki/Koulikoro_(regio)" title="Koulikoro (regio)">Koulikoro</a>. De kernzone ervan is 5330 km² groot en bestaat uit drie afzonderlijke blokken: Kongossambougou (2351 km²), Fina (1049 km²) en Badinko (1930 km²); dit waren vroeger drie fauna-reservaten en een nationaal park. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economie">Economie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Economie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=18" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Economie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mali is een van de armste landen in de wereld. Economische activiteiten vinden voornamelijk plaats in het zuidwesten, waar de grote rivieren zoals de Niger en de Sénégal lopen. Mali is in hoge mate afhankelijk van <a href="/wiki/Ontwikkelingshulp" class="mw-redirect" title="Ontwikkelingshulp">ontwikkelingshulp</a>. In 1997 implementeerde de regering succesvol een programma dat was aanbevolen door het <a href="/wiki/Internationaal_Monetair_Fonds" title="Internationaal Monetair Fonds">IMF</a>. Dit programma helpt de economie te groeien en te diversifiëren en helpt ook om buitenlandse investeringen aan te trekken. De <a href="/wiki/Devaluatie" title="Devaluatie">devaluatie</a> met 50% van de CFA-frank in januari 1994 heeft de economie ook geholpen. <a href="/wiki/Toerisme" title="Toerisme">Toerisme</a> is nog schaars, maar wordt gestimuleerd. In de totale economie is het aandeel van de landbouw zo'n 40%, de industrie 20% en de dienstensector de rest.<sup id="cite_ref-CIAEC_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAEC-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Landbouw">Landbouw</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Landbouw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=19" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Landbouw"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ongeveer 80% van de bevolking is werkzaam in de landbouw en visserij. <a href="/wiki/Katoen" title="Katoen">Katoen</a> is het belangrijkste exportproduct. In 2002 werd 620.000 ton geproduceerd, maar katoenprijzen daalden sterk in 2003. Mali is hierdoor erg afhankelijk van schommelingen in de prijs van dit product. In aanvulling op katoen produceert Mali <a href="/wiki/Rijst" title="Rijst">rijst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gierst" title="Gierst">gierst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%AFs" title="Maïs">maïs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sorghum_(graansoort)" title="Sorghum (graansoort)">sorghum</a>, fruit, <a href="/wiki/Tabak" title="Tabak">tabak</a>, en boomgewassen. Deze zijn vooral bestemd voor lokale consumptie. Grondnoten en <a href="/wiki/Suikerriet" title="Suikerriet">suikerriet</a> zijn andere belangrijke exportgewassen. Slechts ongeveer 2% van het beschikbare landoppervlak wordt gebruikt voor het verbouwen van gewassen. De <a href="/wiki/Veeteelt" title="Veeteelt">veeteelt</a> gebruikt ongeveer 25% van het landoppervlak. De landbouw wordt bemoeilijkt door de periodieke droogtes. De <a href="/wiki/Visserij" title="Visserij">visserij</a> in de grote rivieren is ook een belangrijke voedselbron. De overige 20% van de beroepsbevolking is actief in de industrie en de dienstensector. Echter, de seizoensgebonden schommelingen leiden tot regelmatige tijdelijke werkloosheid van de werknemers in de landbouw. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mijnbouw_en_Industrie">Mijnbouw en Industrie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Mijnbouw en Industrie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=20" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Mijnbouw en Industrie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mali heeft verschillende grondstoffen. Alleen <a href="/wiki/Goud" title="Goud">goud</a> en <a href="/wiki/Keukenzout" title="Keukenzout">zout</a> worden op grote schaal ontgonnen. Sinds het einde van de jaren negentig hebben een aantal <a href="/wiki/Multinational" class="mw-redirect" title="Multinational">multinationals</a> hun <a href="/wiki/Goudmijn" title="Goudmijn">goudwinningsoperaties</a> uitgebreid en de regering van Mali verwacht dat het land een van de belangrijkste goudexporteurs in Afrika beneden de Sahara zal worden. </p><p>De industrie verwerkt voornamelijk landbouwproducten voor binnenlandse consumptie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buitenlandse_handel">Buitenlandse handel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Buitenlandse handel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=21" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Buitenlandse handel"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De buitenlandse handel is bescheiden en in het algemeen voert het land meer in dan uit. Landbouwproducten en goud maken samen 80% van de totale export uit. De twee veruit belangrijkste exportmarkten zijn de <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Arabische_Emiraten" title="Verenigde Arabische Emiraten">Verenigde Arabische Emiraten</a> en <a href="/wiki/Zwitserland" title="Zwitserland">Zwitserland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIAEC_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAEC-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De import is veel meer gespreid zowel naar producten als handelspartners. Uit buurland Senegal kwam een kwart van de invoer, gevolgd door Ivoorkust met ongeveer 15%. Nummer drie was de <a href="/wiki/Volksrepubliek_China" title="Volksrepubliek China">Volksrepubliek China</a> met 11% en stond hiermee net iets boven Frankrijk in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-CIAEC_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAEC-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020 stond het land op plaats 129 van de 180 landen die beoordeeld zijn op de <a href="/wiki/Corruptieperceptie-index" title="Corruptieperceptie-index">corruptieperceptie-index</a> van Transparency International.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=22" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Werelderfgoedlijst#Mali" title="Werelderfgoedlijst">Monumenten op de Werelderfgoedlijst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_Afrikaanse_muzikanten" title="Lijst van Afrikaanse muzikanten">Lijst van Afrikaanse muzikanten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_presidenten_van_Mali" title="Lijst van presidenten van Mali">Lijst van presidenten van Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridderorden_in_Mali" title="Ridderorden in Mali">Ridderorden in Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebola-uitbraak_in_West-Afrika_in_2014" title="Ebola-uitbraak in West-Afrika in 2014">Ebola-uitbraak in West-Afrika in 2014</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_link">Externe link</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe link" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mali&action=edit&section=23" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe link"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040423163338/http://www.numismondo.com/pm/mli/">Malinese bankbiljetten</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-oppervlakte-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-oppervlakte_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/DYB2013/Table03.pdf">Verenigde Naties 2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-census_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unstats.un.org/UNSD/Demographic/products/vitstats/serATab2.pdf">Laatste census 1 april 2009 (via V.N.)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-schatting-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-schatting_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201231150122/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/335rank.html">Niet-officiële schatting CIA Factbook juli 2020</a>, berekend door US Bureau of the Census (gearchiveerd)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2023"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Shera Avi-Yonah</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/08/03/mali-french-new-constitution/">Mali demotes French, language of its former colonizer, in symbolic move</a>. The Washington Post (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-08-03">3 augustus 2023</span>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230803234614/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/08/03/mali-french-new-constitution/">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-08-03">3 augustus 2023</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-08-25">25 augustus 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">NRC Handelsblad</span>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2013/01/11/frankrijk-stuurt-militaire-hulp-naar-mali/">Frankrijk stuurt militaire hulp naar Mali</a>", <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2013-01-11">11 januari 2013</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150919065202/https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2013/01/11/frankrijk-stuurt-militaire-hulp-naar-mali/">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2015-09-19">19 september 2015</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/wiki/Reformatorisch_Dagblad" title="Reformatorisch Dagblad">Reformatorisch Dagblad</a></span>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.refdag.nl/nieuws/buitenland/rebellen_mali_nemen_stad_in_1_618465?localLinksEnabled=false">Rebellen Mali nemen stad in</a>", <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2012-01-26">26 januari 2012</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924123429/http://www.refdag.nl/nieuws/buitenland/rebellen_mali_nemen_stad_in_1_618465?localLinksEnabled=false">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2015-09-24">24 september 2015</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/wiki/De_Pers" title="De Pers">De Pers</a></span>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deondernemer.nl/buitenland/631276/Amnesty-humanitaire-crisis-in-noorden-Mali.html">Amnesty: humanitaire crisis in noorden Mali</a>", <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2012-02-17">17 februari 2012</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923213858/https://www.deondernemer.nl/buitenland/631276/Amnesty-humanitaire-crisis-in-noorden-Mali.html">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2015-09-23">23 september 2015</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera" title="Al Jazeera">Al Jazeera</a></span>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/03/201232251320110970.html">Mali mutiny 'topples' President Toure</a>", <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2012-03-22">22 maart 2012</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190912160101/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/03/201232251320110970.html">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-09-12">12 september 2019</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/wiki/NU.nl" title="NU.nl">NU.nl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algemeen_Nederlands_Persbureau" title="Algemeen Nederlands Persbureau">ANP</a></span>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nu.nl/buitenland/2769433/militairen-plegen-staatsgreep-in-mali.html">Militairen plegen staatsgreep in Mali</a>", <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2012-03-22">22 maart 2012</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160924055645/https://www.nu.nl/buitenland/2769433/militairen-plegen-staatsgreep-in-mali.html">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-09-24">24 september 2016</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/wiki/De_Morgen" title="De Morgen">De Morgen</a></span>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.demorgen.be/dm/nl/990/Buitenland/article/detail/1412897/2012/03/23/Wereldbank-schort-hulp-aan-Mali-op-na-staatsgreep.dhtml">Wereldbank schort hulp op</a>", <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2012-03-23">23 maart 2012</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120327145509/http://www.demorgen.be:80/dm/nl/990/Buitenland/article/detail/1412897/2012/03/23/Wereldbank-schort-hulp-aan-Mali-op-na-staatsgreep.dhtml">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2012-03-27">27 maart 2012</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">NU.nl</span>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nu.nl/buitenland/2784134/traore-donderdag-beedigd-als-president-mali.html">Traoré donderdag beëdigd als president Mali</a>", <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2012-04-10">10 april 2012</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160924054856/https://www.nu.nl/buitenland/2784134/traore-donderdag-beedigd-als-president-mali.html">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-09-24">24 september 2016</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Reformatorisch Dagblad</span>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.refdag.nl/nieuws/buitenland/rebellen_vallen_weer_stad_in_mali_aan_1_633200">Rebellen vallen weer stad in Mali aan</a>", <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2012-03-29">29 maart 2012</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924123431/http://www.refdag.nl/nieuws/buitenland/rebellen_vallen_weer_stad_in_mali_aan_1_633200">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2015-09-24">24 september 2015</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/wiki/Nederlandse_Omroep_Stichting" title="Nederlandse Omroep Stichting">NOS</a></span>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nos.nl/artikel/461870-veiligheidsraad-voor-interventie-mali.html">Veiligheidsraad voor interventie Mali</a>", <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2013-01-15">15 januari 2013</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180717100004/https://nos.nl/artikel/461870-veiligheidsraad-voor-interventie-mali.html">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2018-07-17">17 juli 2018</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rtl.nl/%28/actueel/rtlnieuws/buitenland/%29/components/actueel/rtlnieuws/2013/01_januari/26/buitenland/Fransen_hebben_Gao_in_handen.xml">Fransen hebben Gao in handen</a>", <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2013-01-25">25 januari 2013</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2020/08/19/president-mali-kondigt-ontslag-aan-na-muiterij-en-arrestatie/">Assimi Goita stapt naar voren als nieuwe sterke man van Mali</a> (VRT, 19 augustus 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230820165112/https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2020/08/19/president-mali-kondigt-ontslag-aan-na-muiterij-en-arrestatie/">Gearchiveerd</a> op 20 augustus 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nos.nl/l/2382238">Is Mali weer terug bij af na arrestatie van president en premier?</a>. <i>nos.nl</i>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2021-05-25">25 mei 2021</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nos.nl/l/2382963">West-Afrikaans samenwerkingsverband schort lidmaatschap Mali op</a>. <i>nos.nl</i>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2021-05-31">31 mei 2021</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIAPS-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-CIAPS_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIAPS_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> CIA Factbook <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/#people-and-society">People and Society</a>, geraadpleegd op 21 september 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/mabdb/br/brdir/directory/biores.asp?code=MLI+01&mode=all">UNESCO; MAB</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIAEC-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-CIAEC_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIAEC_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIAEC_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> CIA Factbook <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/#economy">Economy</a>, geraadpleegd op 21 september 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> Transparency.org <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.transparency.org/en/countries/mali">Mali</a>, geraadpleegd op 21 september 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210921084146/https://www.transparency.org/en/countries/mali">Gearchiveerd</a> op 21 september 2021.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mali#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mali">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mali#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mali">Mali</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style> <div class="navigatie" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Afrikaanse_Unie"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/53px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/70px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_Afrikaanse_Unie" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie Afrikaanse Unie"><img 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_Afrikaanse_Unie&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Afrikaanse_Unie" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Afrikaanse_Unie" title="Afrikaanse Unie">Afrikaanse Unie</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67785531">.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel{margin:0 auto 0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b>Lidstaten:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Algerije" title="Algerije">Algerije</a> · <a href="/wiki/Angola_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Angola (hoofdbetekenis)">Angola</a> · <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a> · <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a> · <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Centraal-Afrikaanse_Republiek" title="Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek">Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Comoren_(land)" title="Comoren (land)">Comoren</a> · <a href="/wiki/Congo-Brazzaville" title="Congo-Brazzaville">Congo-Brazzaville</a> · <a href="/wiki/Congo-Kinshasa" title="Congo-Kinshasa">Congo-Kinshasa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Djibouti_(land)" title="Djibouti (land)">Djibouti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Egypte_(land)" title="Egypte (land)">Egypte</a> · <a href="/wiki/Equatoriaal-Guinea" title="Equatoriaal-Guinea">Equatoriaal-Guinea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ethiopi%C3%AB" title="Ethiopië">Ethiopië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gambia_(land)" title="Gambia (land)">Gambia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Guinee" title="Guinee">Guinee</a> · <a href="/wiki/Guinee-Bissau" title="Guinee-Bissau">Guinee-Bissau</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ivoorkust" title="Ivoorkust">Ivoorkust</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kaapverdi%C3%AB" title="Kaapverdië">Kaapverdië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kameroen" title="Kameroen">Kameroen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kenia" title="Kenia">Kenia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a> · <a href="/wiki/Liberia_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberia (hoofdbetekenis)">Liberia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Libi%C3%AB" title="Libië">Libië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Madagaskar" title="Madagaskar">Madagaskar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mali</a> · <a href="/wiki/Marokko" title="Marokko">Marokko</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mauritani%C3%AB" title="Mauritanië">Mauritanië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mauritius_(land)" title="Mauritius (land)">Mauritius</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a> · <a href="/wiki/Namibi%C3%AB" title="Namibië">Namibië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Niger_(land)" title="Niger (land)">Niger</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nigeria_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigeria (hoofdbetekenis)">Nigeria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oeganda" title="Oeganda">Oeganda</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arabische_Democratische_Republiek" title="Sahrawi Arabische Democratische Republiek">Sahrawi Arabische Democratische Republiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sao_Tom%C3%A9_en_Principe" title="Sao Tomé en Principe">Sao Tomé en Principe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Seychellen" title="Seychellen">Seychellen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a> · <a href="/wiki/Somali%C3%AB" title="Somalië">Somalië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Soedan_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soedan (hoofdbetekenis)">Soedan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Swaziland" title="Swaziland">Swaziland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tsjaad" title="Tsjaad">Tsjaad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Togo_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Togo (hoofdbetekenis)">Togo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tunesi%C3%AB" title="Tunesië">Tunesië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zuid-Afrika" title="Zuid-Afrika">Zuid-Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zuid-Soedan" title="Zuid-Soedan">Zuid-Soedan</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Organen:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Pan-Afrikaans_Parlement" title="Pan-Afrikaans Parlement">Parlement</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>REG's:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Unie_van_de_Arabische_Maghreb" title="Unie van de Arabische Maghreb">AMU</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gemeenschappelijke_Markt_voor_Oostelijk_en_Zuidelijk_Afrika" title="Gemeenschappelijke Markt voor Oostelijk en Zuidelijk Afrika">COMESA</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gemeenschap_van_Sahel-Saharastaten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gemeenschap van Sahel-Saharastaten (de pagina bestaat niet)">CEN-SAD</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oost-Afrikaanse_Gemeenschap" title="Oost-Afrikaanse Gemeenschap">EAC</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economische_Gemeenschap_van_Centraal-Afrikaanse_Staten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economische Gemeenschap van Centraal-Afrikaanse Staten (de pagina bestaat niet)">ECCAS</a> · <a href="/wiki/Economische_Gemeenschap_van_West-Afrikaanse_Staten" title="Economische Gemeenschap van West-Afrikaanse Staten">ECOWAS</a> · <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_Authority_on_Development" title="Intergovernmental Authority on Development">IGAD</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ontwikkelingsgemeenschap_van_Zuidelijk_Afrika" title="Ontwikkelingsgemeenschap van Zuidelijk Afrika">SADC</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Economie:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Pan-Afrikaanse_Vrijhandelszone" title="Pan-Afrikaanse Vrijhandelszone">AfCFTA</a> · <a href="/wiki/Afrikaanse_Ontwikkelingsbank" title="Afrikaanse Ontwikkelingsbank">AOB</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Partnership_for_Africa%27s_Development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Partnership for Africa's Development (de pagina bestaat niet)">NEPAD</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67837862"> <div class="navigatie" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Landen_in_Afrika"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_landen_Afrika" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie landen Afrika"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nl:Overleg_sjabloon:Navigatie_landen_Afrika" title="Overleg sjabloon"><img alt="Overleg sjabloon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_landen_Afrika&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Landen_in_Afrika" class="navigatie-titel">Landen in <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud"> <p><a href="/wiki/Algerije" title="Algerije">Algerije</a> · <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> · <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a> · <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a> · <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Centraal-Afrikaanse_Republiek" title="Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek">Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Comoren_(land)" title="Comoren (land)">Comoren</a> · <a href="/wiki/Congo-Brazzaville" title="Congo-Brazzaville">Congo-Brazzaville</a> · <a href="/wiki/Congo-Kinshasa" title="Congo-Kinshasa">Congo-Kinshasa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Djibouti_(land)" title="Djibouti (land)">Djibouti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Egypte_(land)" title="Egypte (land)">Egypte</a> · <a href="/wiki/Equatoriaal-Guinea" title="Equatoriaal-Guinea">Equatoriaal-Guinea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ethiopi%C3%AB" title="Ethiopië">Ethiopië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gambia_(land)" title="Gambia (land)">Gambia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Guinee" title="Guinee">Guinee</a> · <a href="/wiki/Guinee-Bissau" title="Guinee-Bissau">Guinee-Bissau</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ivoorkust" title="Ivoorkust">Ivoorkust</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kaapverdi%C3%AB" title="Kaapverdië">Kaapverdië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kameroen" title="Kameroen">Kameroen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kenia" title="Kenia">Kenia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a> · <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Libi%C3%AB" title="Libië">Libië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Madagaskar" title="Madagaskar">Madagaskar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mali</a> · <a href="/wiki/Marokko" title="Marokko">Marokko</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mauritani%C3%AB" title="Mauritanië">Mauritanië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mauritius_(land)" title="Mauritius (land)">Mauritius</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a> · <a href="/wiki/Namibi%C3%AB" title="Namibië">Namibië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Niger_(land)" title="Niger (land)">Niger</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oeganda" title="Oeganda">Oeganda</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sao_Tom%C3%A9_en_Principe" title="Sao Tomé en Principe">Sao Tomé en Principe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Seychellen" title="Seychellen">Seychellen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a> · <a href="/wiki/Soedan" title="Soedan">Soedan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Somali%C3%AB" title="Somalië">Somalië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Swaziland" title="Swaziland">Swaziland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tsjaad" title="Tsjaad">Tsjaad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tunesi%C3%AB" title="Tunesië">Tunesië</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zuid-Afrika" title="Zuid-Afrika">Zuid-Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zuid-Soedan" title="Zuid-Soedan">Zuid-Soedan</a> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b>Frans overzees departement:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a> · <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Overzees gebied van het Verenigd Koninkrijk:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Sint-Helena,_Ascension_en_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Sint-Helena, Ascension en Tristan da Cunha">Sint-Helena, Ascension en Tristan da Cunha</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Overige gebieden:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Westelijke_Sahara" title="Westelijke Sahara">Westelijke Sahara</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mali&oldid=68429643">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mali&oldid=68429643</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorie</a>: 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