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<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Ending Terrorism in Italy - Anna Cento Bull, Philip Cooke - Google Books</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/books/css/_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb/kl_viewport_kennedy_full_bundle.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet"href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Product+Sans:wght@400"><script src="/books/javascript/v2_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb__en.js"></script><script>_OC_Hooks = ["_OC_Page", "_OC_SearchReload", "_OC_TocReload", "_OC_EmptyFunc", "_OC_SearchPage", "_OC_QuotePage" ];for (var _OC_i = 0; _OC_i < _OC_Hooks.length; _OC_i++) {eval("var " + _OC_Hooks[_OC_i] + ";");}function _OC_InitHooks () {for (var i = 0; i < _OC_Hooks.length; i++) {var func = arguments[i];eval( _OC_Hooks[i] + " = func;");}}</script><link rel="canonical" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Ending_Terrorism_in_Italy.html?id=ZDexzkoW1twC"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://books.google.com/books/about/Ending_Terrorism_in_Italy.html?id=ZDexzkoW1twC"/><meta name="title" content="Ending Terrorism in Italy"/><meta name="description" content="Ending Terrorism in Italy analyses processes of disengagement from terrorism, as well as the connected issues of reconciliation, truth and justice. It examines in a critical and original way how terrorism came to an end in Italy (Part I), and the legacy it has left behind (Part II). The book interrogates a wide array of published memoirs and a considerable number of new face-to-face interviews with both former terrorists and first and second generation victims In the last two decades, and especially in recent years, former extreme-right terrorists in Italy have started to talk about their past involvement in terrorist violence, including, for the first time, acts of violence which have for decades been considered taboo, that is to say, bomb attacks against innocent civilians. These narratives add to the perspectives offered by members of left-wing terrorist groups, such as the Red Brigades and Prima Linea. Surprisingly, these narratives have not been systematically examined, yet they form a unique and extremely rich source of first-hand testimony, providing invaluable insights into processes of youth radicalization and de-radicalization, the social re-integration of ex-terrorists, as well as personal and collective healing. Even less attention has been paid to the victims’ narratives or stories. Indeed, the views and activities of the victims and their associations have been seriously neglected in the scholarly literature on terrorism, not just in Italy, but elsewhere in Europe. The book therefore examines the perspectives of the victims and relatives of victims of terrorism, who over the years have formed dedicated associations and campaigned relentlessly to obtain justice through the courts, with little or no support from the state and, especially in the case of the bombing massacres, with increasing awareness that the state played a role in thwarting the course of justice. Ending Terrorism in Italy will be of interest to historians, social scientists and policy makers as well as students of political violence and post-conflict resolution. ."/><meta property="og:title" content="Ending Terrorism in Italy"/><meta property="og:type" content="book"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Google Books"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=ZDexzkoW1twC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE70flhkMOP4F2DQo5DUUJ1GXGkQXvA6ktueuE2L5xNcCwMGYjSams1ufBSoW1fM9gT31ybeLmPJWr3rR-hF5VzQ0Ap6OO50WPkJCEIv9UstiK6Xmu3YXfWm3mmY9ZdL9RAQoWujv"/><link rel="image_src" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=ZDexzkoW1twC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE70flhkMOP4F2DQo5DUUJ1GXGkQXvA6ktueuE2L5xNcCwMGYjSams1ufBSoW1fM9gT31ybeLmPJWr3rR-hF5VzQ0Ap6OO50WPkJCEIv9UstiK6Xmu3YXfWm3mmY9ZdL9RAQoWujv"/><script></script><style>#gbar,#guser{font-size:13px;padding-top:1px !important;}#gbar{height:22px}#guser{padding-bottom:7px !important;text-align:right}.gbh,.gbd{border-top:1px solid #c9d7f1;font-size:1px}.gbh{height:0;position:absolute;top:24px;width:100%}@media all{.gb1{height:22px;margin-right:.5em;vertical-align:top}#gbar{float:left}}a.gb1,a.gb4{text-decoration:underline !important}a.gb1,a.gb4{color:#00c !important}.gbi .gb4{color:#dd8e27 !important}.gbf .gb4{color:#900 !important} #gbar { padding:.3em .6em !important;}</style></head><body class=""><div id=gbar><nobr><a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/search?tab=pw">Search</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/imghp?hl=en&tab=pi">Images</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://maps.google.com.sg/maps?hl=en&tab=pl">Maps</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://play.google.com/?hl=en&tab=p8">Play</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.youtube.com/?tab=p1">YouTube</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://news.google.com/?tab=pn">News</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://mail.google.com/mail/?tab=pm">Gmail</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://drive.google.com/?tab=po">Drive</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 style="text-decoration:none" href="https://www.google.com.sg/intl/en/about/products?tab=ph"><u>More</u> »</a></nobr></div><div id=guser width=100%><nobr><span id=gbn class=gbi></span><span id=gbf class=gbf></span><span id=gbe></span><a target=_top id=gb_70 href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DZDexzkoW1twC%26dq%3Dpiazza%2Bfontana%2Bbombing%26pg%3DPR10%26redir_esc%3Dy%26hl%3Den&hl=en&ec=GAZACg" class=gb4>Sign in</a></nobr></div><div class=gbh style=left:0></div><div class=gbh style=right:0></div><div role="alert" style="position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0;"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=ZDexzkoW1twC&dq=piazza+fontana+bombing&pg=PR10&redir_esc=y&hl=en&output=html_text" title="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. 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It examines in a critical and original way how terrorism came to an end in Italy (Part I), and the legacy it has left behind (Part II). The book interrogates a wide array of published memoirs and a considerable number of new face-to-face interviews with both former terrorists and first and second generation victims In the last two decades, and especially in recent years, former extreme-right terrorists in Italy have started to talk about their past involvement in terrorist violence, including, for the first time, acts of violence which have for decades been considered taboo, that is to say, bomb attacks against innocent civilians. These narratives add to the perspectives offered by members of left-wing terrorist groups, such as the Red Brigades and Prima Linea. Surprisingly, these narratives have not been systematically examined, yet they form a unique and extremely rich source of first-hand testimony, providing invaluable insights into processes of youth radicalization and de-radicalization, the social re-integration of ex-terrorists, as well as personal and collective healing. Even less attention has been paid to the victims’ narratives or stories. Indeed, the views and activities of the victims and their associations have been seriously neglected in the scholarly literature on terrorism, not just in Italy, but elsewhere in Europe. The book therefore examines the perspectives of the victims and relatives of victims of terrorism, who over the years have formed dedicated associations and campaigned relentlessly to obtain justice through the courts, with little or no support from the state and, especially in the case of the bombing massacres, with increasing awareness that the state played a role in thwarting the course of justice. 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Subsequent investigations, lasting several years, only par- tially\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=ZDexzkoW1twC\u0026pg=PR10\u0026dq=piazza+fontana+bombing"},{"page_id":"PA3","page_number":"3","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ePiazza Fontana\u003c/b\u003e enquiry , two neo- fascists , Gianni Nardi and Luciano Bruno Stefanò , were arrested for the crime ... \u003cb\u003ebombing\u003c/b\u003e . Extreme right terrorism is , there- fore , a complex , and at times unfathomable ocean . 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While he takes much responsibility upon himself for the armed struggle , he exonerates all neo - fascists from involvement in the \u003cb\u003ebombing\u003c/b\u003e attacks ... \u003cb\u003ePiazza Fontana\u003c/b\u003e? A 128 After terrorism."},{"page_id":"PA134","page_number":"134","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ebombing\u003c/b\u003e massacre in \u003cb\u003ePiazza Fontana\u003c/b\u003e , Milan . According to Morucci , the state , with this massacre , had exacerbated the conflict , yet \u0026#39; the symptoms of the subsequent development of the use of violence by the revolutionary side had\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA153","page_number":"153","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ebombing\u003c/b\u003e mas- sacres , this required their participation in the judicial process over a period of decades , rather than years . To give an example , the first trial for the \u003cb\u003ePiazza Fontana\u003c/b\u003e 1969 \u003cb\u003ebombing\u003c/b\u003e started in 1979 and the last\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA155","page_number":"155","snippet_text":"... Piazza della Loggia – Brescia 28 maggio 1974, set up informally in 1981 and formally a year later; the Associazione vittime della strage di \u003cb\u003ePiazza Fontana\u003c/b\u003e del 12 Dicembre 1969, formed soon after the \u003cb\u003ebombing\u003c/b\u003e attack as an informal group\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA173","page_number":"173","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ebomb\u003c/b\u003e in \u003cb\u003ePiazza Fontana\u003c/b\u003e . Lotta Continua\u0026#39;s virulent cam- paign was , however , only the most radical manifestation of a widely held opinion that Pinelli had died as a result of maltreatment by the police and by Commissioner Calabresi\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA187","page_number":"187","snippet_text":"Anna Cento Bull, Philip Cooke. written her undergraduate thesis on the \u003cb\u003ePiazza Fontana\u003c/b\u003e trial verdict, was cur- rently the vice- president of the Association of the Victims of the Milan \u003cb\u003eBombing\u003c/b\u003e, and was engaged in keeping alive the memory\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA190","page_number":"190","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ePiazza Fontana\u003c/b\u003e massacre , she nevertheless made it clear that this did not change her situation : This recognition ... \u003cb\u003ebombing\u003c/b\u003e massacres stressed the importance of getting to know the truth to the extent that they were prepared to\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA241","page_number":"241","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ebombing\u003c/b\u003e , \u003cb\u003ePiazza Fontana\u003c/b\u003e , Piazza della Loggia Mattei , G. 172 , 182-4 , 218 Mattei , S. 172 , 182 Mattei , V. 172 , 182 Mazzola , G. 6 McBride A. 220 , 222 McCord , R. 213 , 216 , 231 Meinhof , U. 54 Melesi , Don L. 65 Memeo , G. 12\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=ZDexzkoW1twC\u0026pg=PA241\u0026dq=piazza+fontana+bombing"}],"search_query_escaped":"piazza fontana bombing"},{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>