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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Zaloguj się</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strony dla anonimowych edytorów <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki" aria-label="Dowiedz się więcej na temat edytowania"><span>dowiedz się więcej</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:M%C3%B3j_wk%C5%82ad" title="Lista edycji wykonanych z tego adresu IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Edycje</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Moja_dyskusja" title="Dyskusja użytkownika dla tego adresu IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Systematyka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Systematyka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Systematyka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Systematyka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Złotogłowowe</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 23 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 języki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – asturyjski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asfodelinakimil%C9%99r_(yar%C4%B1mf%C9%99sil%C9%99)" title="Asfodelinakimilər (yarımfəsilə) – azerbejdżański" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Asfodelinakimilər (yarımfəsilə)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdżański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asfodel%C3%B2idies" title="Asfodelòidies – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Asfodelòidies" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooneliilialised" title="Tooneliilialised – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tooneliilialised" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سریشی‌واران – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سریشی‌واران" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – galicyjski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alowejowe_rostliny" title="Alowejowe rostliny – górnołużycki" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Alowejowe rostliny" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="górnołużycki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – chorwacki" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – litewski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – lombardzki" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aszfod%C3%A9loszform%C3%A1k" title="Aszfodéloszformák – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Aszfodéloszformák" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%87_(%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86)" title="بروقيه (كائن) – egipski arabski" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بروقيه (كائن)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egipski arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%84%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9C%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E4%BA%9C%E7%A7%91" title="ツルボラン亜科 – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ツルボラン亜科" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_(%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Асфоделовые (подсемейство) – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Асфоделовые (подсемейство)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphodeloideae" title="Asphodeloideae – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Asphodeloideae" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%A6%8F%E8%8A%B1%E4%BA%9A%E7%A7%91" title="阿福花亚科 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿福花亚科" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q161265#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r65453824">.mw-parser-output .takson-zwierzeta .naglowek{color:black;background:#d3d3a4}.mw-parser-output .takson-rosliny .naglowek{color:black;background:#90ee90}.mw-parser-output .takson-grzyby .naglowek{color:black;background:#add8e6}.mw-parser-output .takson-protozoa .naglowek{color:black;background:#f0e68c}.mw-parser-output .takson-chromalveolata .naglowek{color:black;background:#adff2f}.mw-parser-output .takson-excavata .naglowek{color:black;background:#f0e68c}.mw-parser-output .takson-amoebozoa .naglowek{color:black;background:#ffc8a0}.mw-parser-output .takson-opisthokonta .naglowek{color:black;background:#e0d0b0}.mw-parser-output .takson-sar .naglowek{color:black;background:Moccasin}.mw-parser-output .takson-bakterie .naglowek{color:black;background:#d3d3d3}.mw-parser-output .takson-archeony .naglowek{color:black;background:#f3e0e0}.mw-parser-output .takson-eukarionty .naglowek{color:black;background:#faf0e6}.mw-parser-output .takson-inne .naglowek{color:white;background:red}</style> <table class="infobox takson-rosliny"> <caption class="naglowek"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r65781301">.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-ikona{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0;font-size:7px;max-width:40px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-tekst{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-1{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-2{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-3{font-style:italic;font-size:90%}</style><div class="iboxt-1">Złotogłowowe</div> </caption> <tbody><tr class="grafika iboxs"> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Bulbine_frutescens_HRM.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bulbine frutescens"><img alt="Ilustracja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Bulbine_frutescens_HRM.jpg/240px-Bulbine_frutescens_HRM.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Bulbine_frutescens_HRM.jpg/360px-Bulbine_frutescens_HRM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Bulbine_frutescens_HRM.jpg/480px-Bulbine_frutescens_HRM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Bulbine_krzewiasta" title="Bulbine krzewiasta">Bulbine frutescens</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="naglowek" style="text-align:center; font-size:100%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaa;"><a href="/wiki/Systematyka_organizm%C3%B3w" title="Systematyka organizmów">Systematyka</a><sup id="cite_ref-ruggiero_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ruggiero-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-apweb_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apweb-2">[2]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Domena_(biologia)" title="Domena (biologia)">Domena</a> </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Eukarionty" title="Eukarionty">eukarionty</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lestwo_(biologia)" title="Królestwo (biologia)">Królestwo</a> </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Ro%C5%9Bliny" title="Rośliny">rośliny</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Podkrólestwo </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Ro%C5%9Bliny_zielone" title="Rośliny zielone">rośliny zielone</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Nadgromada </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Ro%C5%9Bliny_telomowe" title="Rośliny telomowe">rośliny telomowe</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gromada_(biologia)" title="Gromada (biologia)">Gromada</a> </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Ro%C5%9Bliny_naczyniowe" title="Rośliny naczyniowe">rośliny naczyniowe</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Podgromada </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Ro%C5%9Bliny_nasienne" title="Rośliny nasienne">rośliny nasienne</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Nadklasa </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Okrytonasienne" title="Okrytonasienne">okrytonasienne</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Klasa_(biologia)" title="Klasa (biologia)">Klasa</a> </th> <td> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Magnoliopsida" title="Magnoliopsida">Magnoliopsida</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Nadrząd </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Liliopodobne" title="Liliopodobne">liliopodobne</a> <small>(≡ <a href="/wiki/Jednoli%C5%9Bcienne" title="Jednoliścienne">jednoliścienne</a>)</small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Rz%C4%85d_(biologia)" title="Rząd (biologia)">Rząd</a> </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Szparagowce" title="Szparagowce">szparagowce</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Rodzina_(biologia)" title="Rodzina (biologia)">Rodzina</a> </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Z%C5%82otog%C5%82owowate" title="Złotogłowowate">złotogłowowate</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Podrodzina </th> <td> <p>złotogłowowe </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="naglowek" style="text-align:center; font-size:100%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaa;"><a href="/wiki/Klasyfikacja_biologiczna" title="Klasyfikacja biologiczna">Nazwa systematyczna</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:var(--color-base, black); text-align:center;"><span style="font-style:italic;">Asphodeloideae</span> Burnett </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="naglowek" style="font-weight:bold; text-align:center; border-top:1px solid #aaa; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><a href="/wiki/Synonim_(taksonomia)" title="Synonim (taksonomia)">Synonimy</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table class="iboxtab void"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2"> <ul><li><i>Aloaceae</i> Batsch</li> <li><i>Eccremidaceae</i> Doweld</li> <li><i>Asphodelaceae</i> Juss.</li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint plainlinks" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; margin:0px; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; width:30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Asphodelaceae" title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/31px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/42px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Asphodelaceae" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Asphodelaceae">Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Złotogłowowe</b>, asfodelowe (<i>Asphodeloideae</i> Juss.) – <a href="/wiki/Rodzina_(biologia)" title="Rodzina (biologia)">podrodzina</a> <a href="/wiki/Z%C5%82otog%C5%82owowate" title="Złotogłowowate">złotogłowowatych</a> (<i>Asphodelaceae</i>) w <a href="/wiki/System_APG_IV" title="System APG IV">systemie APG IV</a> z 2016, w starszych systemach zwykle w randze rodziny roślin <a href="/wiki/Jednoli%C5%9Bcienne" title="Jednoliścienne">jednoliściennych</a>. Należą tu przeważnie rośliny rozetowe o spichrzowych (gruboszowatych) <a href="/wiki/Li%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Liść">liściach</a> i mięsistych korzeniach lub <a href="/wiki/K%C5%82%C4%85cze" title="Kłącze">kłączach</a>. Cechą charakterystyczną jest występowanie <a href="/wiki/Antrachinon" title="Antrachinon">antrachinonów</a> gromadzących się w komórkach aloinowych wiązek naczyniowych liści oraz obecność mięsistych <a href="/wiki/Osn%C3%B3wka_(botanika)" title="Osnówka (botanika)">osnówek</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup>. Należy tu 19 rodzajów z ok. 800–940 gatunkami. Występują w rejonie <a href="/wiki/Morze_%C5%9Ar%C3%B3dziemne" title="Morze Śródziemne">Morza Śródziemnego</a>, w Afryce, Azji zachodniej i środkowej oraz w <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australii</a><sup id="cite_ref-apweb_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apweb-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Systematyka">Systematyka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C5%82otog%C5%82owowe&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Systematyka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C5%82otog%C5%82owowe&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Systematyka"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Pozycja i podział rodziny według <a href="/wiki/Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Website" title="Angiosperm Phylogeny Website">Angiosperm Phylogeny Website</a> (aktualizowany <a href="/wiki/System_APG_IV" title="System APG IV">system APG IV</a> z 2016)</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <p>Jedna z trzech podrodzin w obrębie rodziny <a href="/wiki/Z%C5%82otog%C5%82owowate" title="Złotogłowowate">złotogłowowatych</a> (<i>Asphodelaceae</i>) w rzędzie <a href="/wiki/Szparagowce" title="Szparagowce">szparagowców</a> <i>Asparagales</i> w obrębie <a href="/wiki/Jednoli%C5%9Bcienne" title="Jednoliścienne">jednoliściennych</a>. System APG IV zmienił w stosunku do systemu APG III (2009) nazwę rodziny z żółtakowatych (<i>Xanthorrhoeaceae</i>) na złotogłowowate (<i>Asphodelaceae</i>), bez zmian w klasyfikacji<sup id="cite_ref-apweb_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apweb-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p> <dl><dt>Pozycja w <a href="/wiki/System_APG_II" title="System APG II">systemie APG II</a> (2003) i <a href="/wiki/Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Website" title="Angiosperm Phylogeny Website">APW</a> (2001...)</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <p>Złotogłowowate stanowiły wraz z rodziną <i><a href="/wiki/%C5%BB%C3%B3%C5%82tak_(ro%C5%9Blina)" title="Żółtak (roślina)">Xanthorrhoeaceae</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Grupa_siostrzana" title="Grupa siostrzana">grupę siostrzaną</a> dla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liliowcowate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liliowcowate (strona nie istnieje)">liliowcowatych</a> <i>Hemerocallidaceae</i> w obrębie <a href="/wiki/Klad" title="Klad">kladu</a> (określanego rangą rzędu) <a href="/wiki/Szparagowce" title="Szparagowce">szparagowców</a> <i>Asparagales</i>. Rozdzielane były tradycyjnie na dwie podrodziny – <i>Asphodelioideae</i> i <i>Aloideae</i> (<a href="/wiki/Synonim_(taksonomia)" title="Synonim (taksonomia)">syn.</a> <a href="/wiki/Aloesowate" title="Aloesowate">aloesowate</a> <i>Aloaceae</i> Batsch), przy czym pierwsza z nich okazała się mieć charakter <a href="/wiki/Takson_parafiletyczny" title="Takson parafiletyczny">parafiletyczny</a> (dlatego nie wyróżnia się już współcześnie <a href="/wiki/Aloesowate" title="Aloesowate">aloesowatych</a> jako odrębnej rodziny). Badania molekularne wykazały, że dotychczas przyjmowany podział na rodzaje w obrębie podrodziny <i>Alooideae</i> miał charakter sztuczny – nie odzwierciedlał rzeczywistego powiązania filogenetycznego między tymi roślinami<sup id="cite_ref-smith_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith-4">[4]</a></sup>. </p> <dl><dt>Podział na rodzaje<sup id="cite_ref-kew_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kew-5">[5]</a></sup></dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><i>Aloë</i> <small> L.</small> – <a href="/wiki/Aloes" title="Aloes">aloes</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aloiampelos" title="Aloiampelos">Aloiampelos</a></i> <small> Klopper & Gideon F. Smith</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aloidendron" title="Aloidendron">Aloidendron</a></i> <small> (A. Berger) Klopper & Gideon F. Smith</small></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aristalo%C3%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aristaloë (strona nie istnieje)">Aristaloë</a></i> <small> Boatwright & Manning</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Astroloba" title="Astroloba">Astroloba</a></i> <small> Uitewaal</small></li> <li><i>Asphodeline</i> <small> Reichenbach</small> – <a href="/wiki/Z%C5%82otnica_(ro%C5%9Blina)" title="Złotnica (roślina)">złotnica</a></li> <li><i>Asphodelus</i> <small> L.</small> – <a href="/wiki/Asfodel" title="Asfodel">asfodel</a>, złotogłów</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bulbine" title="Bulbine">Bulbine</a></i> <small> Wolf</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bulbinella" title="Bulbinella">Bulbinella</a></i> <small> Kunth</small></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chortolirion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chortolirion (strona nie istnieje)">Chortolirion</a></i> <small> A. Berger</small></li> <li><i>Eremurus</i> <small> M. Bieberstein</small> – <a href="/wiki/Pustynnik_(ro%C5%9Blina)" title="Pustynnik (roślina)">pustynnik</a></li> <li><i>Gasteria</i> <small> Duval</small> – <a href="/wiki/Gasteria" title="Gasteria">gasteria</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gonialo%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gonialoë">Gonialoë</a></i> <small> (Baker) Boatwright & Manning</small></li> <li><i>Haworthia</i> <small> Duval</small> – <a href="/wiki/Haworsja" title="Haworsja">haworsja</a>, haworcja</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Haworthiopsis" title="Haworthiopsis">Haworthiopsis</a></i> <small> G. D. Rowley</small></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jodrellia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jodrellia (strona nie istnieje)">Jodrellia</a></i> <small> Baijnath</small></li> <li><i>Kniphofia</i> <small> Moench</small> – <a href="/wiki/Trytoma" title="Trytoma">trytoma</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kumara" title="Kumara">Kumara</a></i> <small> Medicus</small></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lomatophyllum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lomatophyllum (strona nie istnieje)">Lomatophyllum</a></i> <small> Willdenow</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tulista" title="Tulista">Tulista</a></i> <small> Rafinesque</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trachyandra" title="Trachyandra">Trachyandra</a></i> <small> Kunth</small></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C5%82otog%C5%82owowe&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C5%82otog%C5%82owowe&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ruggiero-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ruggiero_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation open-access doi pmid pmc nourl"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Michael A.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Michael A." style="display:none">M.A.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Ruggiero</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Michael A.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Michael A.">M.A.</span></span><span class="cite-at-al" title="Michael A. Ruggiero, Dennis P. Gordon, Thomas M. Orrell, Nicolas Bailly, Thierry Bourgoin, Richard C. Brusca, Thomas Cavalier-Smith, Michael D. Guiry, Paul M. Kirk"> i inni</span>, <i>A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms</i>, „PLOS One”, 10 (4), 2015, art. nr e0119248, <a href="/wiki/DOI_(identyfikator_cyfrowy)" title="DOI (identyfikator cyfrowy)">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0119248">10.1371/journal.pone.0119248</a>, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25923521">25923521</a>, <a href="/wiki/PMCID" title="PMCID">PMCID</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4418965/">PMC4418965</a><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2020-02-20]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.aufirst=Michael+A.&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=A+Higher+Level+Classification+of+All+Living+Organisms&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Ruggiero&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0119248&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25923521" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-apweb-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-apweb_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-apweb_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-apweb_2-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Peter F.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Peter F." style="display:none">P.F.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Stevens</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Peter F.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Peter F.">P.F.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/"><i>Angiosperm Phylogeny Website</i></a>, Missouri Botanical Garden, <span title="wielotomowe dzieło w trakcie wydawania">2001–</span><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2018-02-10]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.aufirst=Peter+F.&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Angiosperm+Phylogeny+Website&rft.pub=Missouri+Botanical+Garden&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mobot.org%2FMOBOT%2Fresearch%2FAPweb%2F" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Wielka Encyklopedia Przyrody. Rośliny kwiatowe</i>. Warszawa: Muza SA, 1998. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/8370797784" title="Specjalna:Książki/8370797784">ISBN <span class="isbn">83-7079-778-4</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wielka+Encyklopedia+Przyrody.+Ro%C5%9Bliny+kwiatowe&rft.pub=Muza+SA&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.isbn=83-7079-778-4"></span></cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-smith-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-smith_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Treutlein Jens, Smith Gideon F., Van Wyk Ben-Erik, Wink Michael: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.ph/20130430021525/http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=14959294">Phylogenetic relationships in asphodelaceae (subfamily Alooideae) inferred from chloroplast DNA sequences (rbcL, matK) and from genomic fingerprinting (ISSR)</a>. Taxon, 52, 2, 193-207, 2003. [dostęp 2009-06-10]. <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kew-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-kew_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/genera/asphodelaceaegen.html"><i>List of Genera in ASPHODELACEAE-ASPHODELOIDEAE</i></a>, [w:] Vascular plant families and genera, <a href="/wiki/Kew_Gardens" title="Kew Gardens">Kew Gardens</a> & Missouri Botanical Garden<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2018-02-10]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=bookitem&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Vascular+plant+families+and+genera&rft.atitle=List+of+Genera+in+ASPHODELACEAE-ASPHODELOIDEAE&rft.pub=%5B%5BKew+Gardens%5D%5D+%26+Missouri+Botanical+Garden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mobot.org%2FMOBOT%2Fresearch%2FAPweb%2Fgenera%2Fasphodelaceaegen.html" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74016753">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-fehlt"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a> (<span class="description"><a href="/wiki/Takson" title="Takson">takson</a></span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4699895-0">4699895-0</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div>Identyfikatory zewnętrzne:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/65061231">65061231</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P3151" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P3151">identyfikator iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/465618">465618</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P685" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P685">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=703538">703538</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P960" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P960">identyfikator Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/50126260">50126260</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Źródło: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Złotogłowowe&oldid=75034517">https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Złotogłowowe&oldid=75034517</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Kategorie" title="Specjalna:Kategorie">Kategoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Z%C5%82otog%C5%82owowate" title="Kategoria:Złotogłowowate">Złotogłowowate</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Ukryta kategoria: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Szablon_cytowania_ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki_%E2%80%93_brak_numeru_strony" title="Kategoria:Szablon cytowania książki – brak numeru strony">Szablon cytowania książki – brak numeru strony</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Tę stronę ostatnio edytowano 23 paź 2024, 22:49.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst udostępniany na licencji <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pl">Creative Commons: uznanie autorstwa, na tych samych warunkach</a>, z możliwością obowiązywania dodatkowych ograniczeń. 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