CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <meta charset="utf-8" />  <link rel="preload" href="https://cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js" as="script" /> <meta name="shareaholic:site_id" content="317cf3b6b154783f9cd327bc9e9ea941" /> <script data-cfasync="false" async src="https://cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js"></script>   <title>Content Not Found: The Charleston Advisor</title> <script>window.MSInputMethodContext && document.documentMode && document.write('<script src="/js/ie11CustomProperties.min.js"><\x2fscript>');</script> <style type="text/css"> :root { /* site links */ --link-text-colour:#2A5170; --link-text-decoration:unset; --link-text-colour-hover:#4D78A1; --link-text-decoration-hover:underline; /* default buttons*/ --main-btn-text-colour:#fff; /* Default Black */ --main-btn-bkg-image:none; --main-btn-bkg-colour:#2A5170; --main-btn-text-colour-hover:#fff; /* default font */ --default-font-family:Source Sans Pro; /* OpenSans set as default*/ --default-font-size:16px; --default-text-colour:unset; --default-line-height:unset; --site-logo-max-width:350px; --site-logo-max-height:auto; --search-results-separator-image:none; --search-results-result-width:100%; } /* masthead styling goes here */ header { --link-text-decoration-hover:unset; } header .top-most-navigation-optional { --nav-inverted-bkg-colour:#2A5170; /* default black */ --nav-inverted-bkg-image:unset; /* default linear-gradient(to right, #1b5faa, #00b4e4) */ --nav-font-family:Source Sans Pro; /* OpenSansSemibold set as default*/ --nav-inverted-link-text-colour:white; /* default white*/ --nav-inverted-link-weight:normal; /* default normal */ } header .about-section-nav-ul { --nav-font-family:Source Sans Pro; /* OpenSans set as default*/ --nav-font-size:unset; --nav-line-height:unset; --nav-link-text-colour:unset; --nav-link-text-hover-colour:unset; --nav-divider-colour:unset; --nav-social-link-colour:unset; --nav-social-link-size:unset; } header .main-nav-container, header .container-fluid.device-buttons { --nav-inverted-bkg-colour:#D9C45D; /* default black set*/ --nav-inverted-bkg-image:none; /* linear-gradient(to top,blue,#808285)*/; --nav-font-family:Source Sans Pro; --nav-inverted-text-colour:#000; /* default white*/ --nav-inverted-link-text-colour:#4D78A1; /* default white*/ --nav-inverted-link-text-hover-colour:navy; /* default unset*/ --nav-inverted-link-weight:unset; --nav-inverted-link-decoration-hover: none; /* default unset*/ } header .main-nav-container .nav-home-link { --nav-inverted-home-bkg-colour:#D9C45D; /* default is black use transparent to bring through main-nav bkg */ --nav-inverted-home-link-text-colour:black; /* default is #a4a6a8; which is a mucky grey colour */ --nav-inverted-home-link-text-hover-colour:navy; /* default is #fff */ } header .main-nav-container .searchbox-main { --nav-search-input-text-colour:black; --nav-search-placeholder-text-colour:unset; --nav-search-input-border-colour:unset; --nav-font-family:Source Sans Pro; --nav-font-size:unset; --nav-line-height:unset; } header .main-nav-container .search-dropdown-container { --nav-inverted-search-filter-bkg-colour:#D9C45D; --nav-inverted-search-filter-text-colour:#2E2D2A; --nav-inverted-search-filter-border-colour:unset; --nav-inverted-search-filter-bkg-focus-colour:#D9C45D; --nav-inverted-search-filter-text-focus-colour:#000; --nav-inverted-search-filter-drop-down-arrow-colour:#2A5170; --nav-inverted-search-filter-drop-down-arrow-focus-colour:#2A5170; } header .btn-ingenta-search { --main-btn-bkg-image:unset; --main-btn-bkg-colour:white; --nav-search-button-text-colour:black; --nav-search-button-text-focus-colour:unset; --nav-search-button-border-colour:unset; } header .nav-section-links { --nav-font-family: unset; } header .browseBysm { --nav-inverted-bkg-colour:#D9C45D; --nav-inverted-text-colour:unset; --nav-font-family:unset; --nav-browse-by-label-text-size:unset; --nav-line-height:unset; --nav-browse-by-label-text-transform:unset; /* text is uppercase default*/ } header .nav-advanceSearch-links { --nav-font-family:unset; --nav-font-size:unset; --nav-inverted-link-text-colour:unset; /* default white*/ } header .nav-section-links { --nav-inverted-bkg-colour:#D9C45D; --nav-font-family:unset; --nav-font-size:unset; --nav-inverted-link-text-colour:#2A5170; /* default white*/ --nav-inverted-link-text-hover-colour:#2A5170; /* default white*/ --nav-inverted-divider-colour:#2E2D2A; } footer { --nav-inverted-bkg-colour:#2A5170; /* default #1b5faa */ --nav-inverted-bkg-image:none; /* default linear-gradient(to right, #1b5faa, #00b4e4) */ --nav-font-family:unset; /* OpenSansRegular set as default*/ --nav-inverted-link-text-colour:#fff; /* default white*/ --nav-inverted-text-colour:#fff; /* default white*/ --nav-line-height:unset; --nav-text-size:16px; --nav-inverted-divider-colour:unset; --nav-inverted-social-link-colour:unset; --nav-inverted-social-link-size:unset; } #pagehome-home { --home-jumbo-image-desktop: url(/images/example-banner.jpg); --home-jumbo-image-mobile: url(/images/example-banner.jpg); } </style> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Source+Sans+Pro:ital,wght@0,200;0,400;0,700;1,200;1,400;1,700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/connect/jquery.bookmark.css" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/connect/template_layout.css" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/connect/content.css" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/connect/menus.css" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/connect/reset.css" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/connect/bobby.css" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/connect/admin/ui-theme/cupertino/jquery-ui-1.11.4.css" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/connect/print.css" type="text/css" media="print"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/Less/ingenta.css"/> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/bootstrap.min.js" ></script> <script src="/js/common/loader.js" type="text/javascript" ></script> <script src="/js/common/popup.js" type="text/javascript" ></script> <script src="/js/jquery/jquery.bookmark.js" type="text/javascript" ></script> <script src="/js/menus.js" type="text/javascript" ></script> <script src="/js/jquery/jquery.functions.js" type="text/javascript" ></script> <script src="/js/site.js" type="text/javascript" ></script> <script src="/js/jquery/jquery-ui-1.11.4.min.js" type="text/javascript" ></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/rwd/enquire.min.js" ></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/rwd/enquire-settings.js" ></script>  <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/admin/metastore-tools-popup.js" ></script> </head> <body class="ingenta"> <div id="hiddenContext"></div> <div id="skiptocontent"><a href="#mainContents">Skip to main content</a></div> <div class="wrapper"> <header class="device-tab-mobile-buttons-container" > <nav class="top-most-navigation-optional" aria-label="global navigation"> <div class="container top-most-navigation-optional__wrapper"> <button type="button" class="top-most-navigation-optional__hambuger-menu navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#top-most-navigation" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <ul class="top-most-navigation-optional__container collapse" id="top-most-navigation"> <li class="top-most-navigation-optional__container-item"> <a href="/authors;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01" title="For Authors" class="top-most-navigation-optional__link" target="">For Authors</a> </li> <li class="top-most-navigation-optional__container-item"> <a href="/subscribers;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01" title="For Subscribers" class="top-most-navigation-optional__link" target="">For Subscribers</a> </li> <li class="top-most-navigation-optional__container-item"> <a href="/advertisers;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01" title="For Advertisers" class="top-most-navigation-optional__link" target="">For Advertisers</a> </li> <li class="top-most-navigation-optional__container-item"> <a href="/review-components-editorial-policies;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01" title="Review Components and Editorial Policies" class="top-most-navigation-optional__link" target="">Review Components and Editorial Policies</a> </li> <li class="top-most-navigation-optional__container-item"> <a href="/tca-about;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01" title="About" class="top-most-navigation-optional__link" target="">About</a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div class="advert-banner-search-listings__container"> <a href="https://katinamagazine.org/?utm_source=TCA&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=katina_launch" class="advert-banner-search-listings__link "> <img src="/images/katina-banner.jpg" alt="Advert for Katina Magazine website" class="img-responsive"> </a> </div> <nav class="navbar container" aria-label="masthead"> <a class=" container-logo-link" href="/content/annurev/tca" title="Link to Charleston Advisor Logo home page"> <img class="logo " alt="The Charleston Advisor" src="/images/annurev/tca_logo_ar.svg" /> </a> <div class="container-fluid device-buttons navbar-toggle"> <div class="buttons-container"> <button type="button" class="buttons-container__button about-section-nav-button" title="" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#browseby-section-nav"> <span class="fa fa-ellipsis-h fa-2x" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="sr-only">Browse By section</span> </button> <button type="button" class="buttons-container__button search-section-nav-button" title="" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#quicksearchform"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="fa fa-search fa-2x"></span> </button> <a href="/cart;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01?exitTargetId=1733019446147" class="buttons-container__button cart-section-nav-button" title="Link to Shopping Cart"> <span class="fa fa-shopping-cart fa-2x"></span><span class="sr-only">Shopping Cart</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse about-section-nav" id="about-section-nav"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav pull-right about-section-nav-ul"> </ul> </div> <div class=" navbar-collapse main-nav-container navitem_search "> <ul class="nav navbar-nav nav-home-link"> <li class="active"><a href="/;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01"> <span class="fa fa-home" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Link to Ingenta Connect home page</span> </a></li> </ul> <form class="collapse navbar-form navbar-left" id="quicksearchform" role="search" action="/search;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01" method="get" accept-charset="UTF-8" > <input type="hidden" name="form_name" value="quicksearch"/> <input name="ie" type="hidden" value="॰" /> <input type="hidden" name="option1" value="tka" id="option1" /> <div class="form-group searchbox-main"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Search</span> <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search" name="value1" id="search-value1" title="Enter a term to search for"/> </label> </div> <div class="btn-group search-dropdown-container"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle nav-searchDropDown-links" title="Dropdown menu for Search by..." data-toggle="dropdown"> Search by <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </button> <ul class="dropdown-menu searchoptionmenu" role="menu"> <li role="none"><a href="#" class="searchall searchoption" title="Link to Search by Article title, keywords or abstract" role="menuitem">Article title, keywords or abstract</a></li> <li role="none"><a href="#" class="searchtitle searchoption" title="Link to Search by Article title" role="menuitem">Article title</a></li> <li role="none"><a href="#" class="searchfull searchoption" title="Link to Search by Article full text" role="menuitem">Article full text</a></li> <li role="none"><a href="#" class="searchkeywords searchoption" title="Link to Search by Article keywords" role="menuitem">Article keywords</a></li> <li role="none"><a href="#" class="searchauthor searchoption" title="Link to Search by Author" role="menuitem">Author</a></li> </ul> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default btn-ingenta-search" title="OK. Now search!"> <span class="fa fa-search"></span> <span class="sr-only">Submit search</span> </button> <ul class="nav navbar-nav nav-advanceSearch-links"> <li><a href="/search/advanced;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01" title="Link to advanced search" >Advanced <br /> Search</a></li> </ul> </form> <ul class="collapse navbar-collapse nav navbar-nav navbar-right nav-section-links" id="browseby-section-nav"> <li class="browseBysm"><span class="browsebyContent"></span></li> <li><a href="/session/sign-in;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01" class="" title="Login" target="_blank">Login</a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> </header> <main class="container"> <div class="mainRow "> <div class="row" id="pageerror-notFound"> <div class="breadcrumb"> <a href="/;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01" title="home">Home</a> / Content Not Found </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 col-md-9" id="mainContents"> <h1>Content Not Found</h1> <p>Unfortunately we are unable to locate the content you are looking for. It is possible that the publisher, journal or issue is no longer hosted at Ingenta Connect, or that the link that brought you to this page is incorrect.</p> <p>Please use the <a href=" /content;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01 " title="browse publications">browse</a> or <a href=" /search/advanced;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01 " title="search publications">search</a> features to find the content you are looking for.</p> </div> <div class="col-xs-3 col-sm-4 col-md-3 pull-right signin-tools"> <div class="sign-transparent-bg"></div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-3"> <div class="shareContent" id="google_translate_element"></div> <script type="text/javascript" async> function googleTranslateElementInit() { new google.translate.TranslateElement({pageLanguage: 'en', gaTrack: true, gaId: 'UA-1313315-1'}, 'google_translate_element'); } </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=googleTranslateElementInit" async></script> <div class="shareContent"> <div class="dropdown"> <div class=""> <h4>Share Content</h4> <div class="shareaholic-canvas" data-app="share_buttons" data-app-id="33125376"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="icon-key"> <ul> <li class="title">Access Key</li> <li class="icon icon-f">Free content</li> <li class="icon icon-f-p">Partial Free content</li> <li class="icon icon-n">New content</li> <li class="icon icon-o-a">Open access content</li> <li class="icon icon-o-a-p">Partial Open access content</li> <li class="icon icon-s">Subscribed content</li> <li class="icon icon-s-p">Partial Subscribed content</li> <li class="icon icon-t">Free trial content</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </div>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-1313315-1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-1313315-1'); </script> <script type="text/javascript" >ga('set','googleUserRole','guest');</script> <footer class="footer" aria-label="footer"> <nav class="navbar" aria-label="footer"> <div class="container"> <div class="footerContainer "> <div class="footer-main-nav"> </div> <div class="copyrights"> Website © 2024 Ingenta. Text copyright remains with Annual Reviews. </div> <div class="footer_disclaimer"> </div> <nav class="legalLinks"> <div class="inner_container"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav termsandconditions"> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </nav> </footer> <form id="addArticleToVPub" action="blank" method="post"></form> <script type="text/javascript" > $(document).ready(function() { $(".addArticleToVJ").on("click", function() { var $this = $(this), formaction = $this.parent("span").parent("td").find(".formAction").val(); $("#addArticleToVPub").attr("action",formaction); // $(this).parent("td").find(".formAction").remove(); $("#addArticleToVPub").empty().append($this.parent("span").parent("td").find(":input")).submit(); return false; }); }); </script>  <aside class="cornerPolicyTab" aria-label="cookie policy"> <a href="/about/privacy;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01" class="PolicyTab" title="Cookie Policy">Cookie Policy</a> </aside> <aside class="mainCookiesPopUp" aria-label="cookie policy confirmation box"> <span class="closePolicyPopup" title="Close Policy PopUp">X</span> <h6>Cookie Policy</h6> <strong>Ingenta Connect</strong> website makes use of cookies so as to keep track of data that you have filled in. <a href="#" class="setCookie">I am Happy with this</a> <a href="/about/privacy;jsessionid=1pdhgicersowh.x-ic-live-01" class="findOutMore">Find out more</a> </aside> </body> </html>