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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Video Recordings Act 1984</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold;">Act of Parliament</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_1%29.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_1%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_1%29.svg/210px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_1%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_1%29.svg/280px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_1%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1444" /></span></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Short_and_long_titles" title="Short and long titles">Long title</a></th><td class="infobox-data description">An Act to make provision for regulating the distribution of video recordings and for connected purposes.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Citation_of_United_Kingdom_legislation" title="Citation of United Kingdom legislation">Citation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1984 c. 39</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduced by</th><td class="infobox-data organiser"><a href="/wiki/Graham_Bright" title="Graham Bright">Graham Bright</a> MP</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Territorial extent </span></th><td class="infobox-data">England and Wales<br />Scotland<br />Northern Ireland</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">Dates</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a></th><td class="infobox-data">12 July 1984</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Coming_into_force" class="mw-redirect" title="Coming into force">Commencement</a></th><td class="infobox-data dtstart">1 September 1988</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Repealed</th><td class="infobox-data dtend">21 January 2010 (but immediately brought back)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">Other legislation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Amended by</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_Recordings_Act_1993&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Video Recordings Act 1993 (page does not exist)">Video Recordings Act 1993</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_Justice_and_Public_Order_Act_1994" title="Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994">Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Economy_Act_2010" title="Digital Economy Act 2010">Digital Economy Act 2010</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Repeal" title="Repeal">Repealed by</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Video_Recordings_Act_2010" title="Video Recordings Act 2010">Video Recordings Act 2010</a> (repealed and immediately brought back the 1984 Act)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><div style="background-color: #ccffcc;">Status: Current legislation</div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1984/39/enacted">Text of statute as originally enacted</a></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1984/39">Revised text of statute as amended</a></th></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Video Recordings Act 1984</b> (c. 39) is an <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Parliament_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Parliament (UK)">act</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> that was passed in 1984. It states that commercial <a href="/wiki/Video" title="Video">video</a> recordings offered for sale or for hire within the UK must carry a classification that has been agreed upon by an authority designated by the <a href="/wiki/Home_Office" title="Home Office">Home Office</a>. The <a href="/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification" title="British Board of Film Classification">British Board of Film Classification</a> (BBFC), which had been instrumental in the certification of <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">motion pictures</a> since 1912, was designated as the classifying authority in 1985. Works are classified by the BBFC under an age-rated system (see <a href="/wiki/Motion_picture_rating_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Motion picture rating systems">motion picture rating systems</a>); it is an offence under the Act to supply video works to individuals who are (or appear to be) under the age of the classification designated. Works that are refused classification cannot, under the Act, be legally sold or supplied to anyone of any age unless it is educational, or to do with a sport, religion or music and does not depict violence, sex or incite a criminal offence. The BBFC may also require cuts to be made, either to receive a certain age rating, or to be allowed a classification at all. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_Recordings_Act_1984&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leadup">Leadup</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_Recordings_Act_1984&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Leadup"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty">Video nasty</a></div> <p>The act was a legislative reaction to a <a href="/wiki/Moral_panic" title="Moral panic">moral panic</a> concerning "<a href="/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty">video nasties</a>" that was sparked by <a href="/wiki/Tabloid_(newspaper_format)" title="Tabloid (newspaper format)">tabloid</a> newspapers in Britain during 1982 and 1983. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history_and_follow-ups">Early history and follow-ups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_Recordings_Act_1984&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early history and follow-ups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sport" title="Sport">Sport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religious</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">educational</a> works are exempt from classification under the Act. Exemption may be forfeited if the work depicts excessive human <a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">sexual</a> activity or acts of force or restraint associated with such activity, <a href="/wiki/Mutilation" title="Mutilation">mutilation</a> or <a href="/wiki/Torture" title="Torture">torture</a> of humans or animals, human <a href="/wiki/Genital" class="mw-redirect" title="Genital">genital</a> organs or <a href="/wiki/Urinary" class="mw-redirect" title="Urinary">urinary</a> or excretory functions, or techniques likely to be useful in the perpetration of criminal acts or illicit activity. </p><p>The Act was accompanied by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_Recordings_(Labelling)_Act_1985&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Video Recordings (Labelling) Act 1985 (page does not exist)">Video Recordings (Labelling) Act 1985</a>, which set out regulations governing the display of certificates awarded by the BBFC on published recordings. </p><p>The act was amended in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_Recordings_Act_1993&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Video Recordings Act 1993 (page does not exist)">Video Recordings Act 1993</a> but underwent no significant changes. It was amended again in the <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Justice_and_Public_Order_Act_1994" title="Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994">Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994</a> to deal with the growing issue of "video violence". In addition, the amendment extended the definition of a video recording to any device capable of storing electronic data, which invariably includes works available on <a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">CD</a> and <a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a>, although the amendment exempts <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video games</a> (except if they depict criminal activity which is likely to any significant extent to stimulate or encourage the commission of offences). The current labelling regulations are The Video Recordings (Labelling) Regulations 2012. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discovery_of_loophole_and_replacement">Discovery of loophole and replacement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_Recordings_Act_1984&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Discovery of loophole and replacement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 2009 it was discovered that the Act was unenforceable as the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> was not notified about it, as required by Directive 83/189 (see now Directive 98/34). Directive 83/189 had to be implemented by 31 March 1984 (12 months after its notification to the member states). Until this situation was rectified, it was legal to sell and supply unclassified videos and computer games, although many retailers had agreed to observe the regulations voluntarily. Then pending prosecutions under the Act were abandoned, but the government claimed that past convictions could not be challenged. The government's view was upheld in 2010 when two appeals against earlier convictions were dismissed.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2009 the government introduced new legislation, the <a href="/wiki/Video_Recordings_Act_2010" title="Video Recordings Act 2010">Video Recordings Act 2010</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which repealed and immediately revived the Video Recordings Act 1984, after the required notification was provided to the European Commission in October 2009. This legislation, which was enacted under the "fast-track" procedure (and therefore was expedited through Parliament<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), made the 1984 Act enforceable once again, as well as allowing it to be amended by the <a href="/wiki/Digital_Economy_Act_2010" title="Digital Economy Act 2010">Digital Economy Act 2010</a>. In December 2014 streaming and on-demand services were brought under the remit of this act via the <a href="/wiki/Audiovisual_Media_Services_Regulations_2014" title="Audiovisual Media Services Regulations 2014">Audiovisual Media Services Regulations 2014</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_Recordings_Act_1984&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg/25px-Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg/38px-Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg/51px-Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="530" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:1980s" title="Portal:1980s">1980s portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_Appeals_Committee" title="Video Appeals Committee">Video Appeals Committee</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manhunt_2" title="Manhunt 2">Manhunt 2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grotesque_(2009_film)" title="Grotesque (2009 film)">Grotesque</a></i>, Japanese horror film that was banned from sale outright in the United Kingdom after the BBFC refused to rate it 18</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_Recordings_Act_1984&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>R v Budimir and Another</i>; <i>Interfact v Liverpool City Council</i> [2010] EWCA Crim 1486 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWhitehead2009" class="citation news cs1">Whitehead, Tom (24 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090827100410/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/lawandorder/6083182/Selling-illegal-DVDs-not-illegal-because-of-blunder.html">"Selling illegal DVDs not illegal because of blunder"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/lawandorder/6083182/Selling-illegal-DVDs-not-illegal-because-of-blunder.html">the original</a> on 27 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Selling+illegal+DVDs+not+illegal+because+of+blunder&rft.date=2009-08-24&rft.aulast=Whitehead&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnewstopics%2Fpolitics%2Flawandorder%2F6083182%2FSelling-illegal-DVDs-not-illegal-because-of-blunder.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+Recordings+Act+1984" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFord2009" class="citation news cs1">Ford, Richard (25 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/crime/article6808592.ece">"Error leaves children unprotected under 1984 Video Recordings Act"</a>. <i>The Times</i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Error+leaves+children+unprotected+under+1984+Video+Recordings+Act&rft.date=2009-08-25&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fcrime%2Farticle6808592.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+Recordings+Act+1984" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2024">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8219438.stm">"Loophole over DVD age rating law"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 25 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Loophole+over+DVD+age+rating+law&rft.date=2009-08-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fuk%2F8219438.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+Recordings+Act+1984" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200910/ldbills/022/10022.i-i.html">"Video Recordings Bill"</a>. <i>publications.parliament.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=publications.parliament.uk&rft.atitle=Video+Recordings+Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fld200910%2Fldbills%2F022%2F10022.i-i.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+Recordings+Act+1984" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/SN05256">"Fast-track legislation"</a>. <i>www.parliament.uk</i>. 12 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.parliament.uk&rft.atitle=Fast-track+legislation&rft.date=2012-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresearchbriefings.parliament.uk%2FResearchBriefing%2FSummary%2FSN05256&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+Recordings+Act+1984" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Video Recordings Act 1984</i>. The Stationery Office Books. 1984. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-10-543984-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-10-543984-4"><bdi>978-0-10-543984-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Video+Recordings+Act+1984&rft.pub=The+Stationery+Office+Books&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-10-543984-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+Recordings+Act+1984" class="Z3988"></span> (paperback edition)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Video_Recordings_Act_1984&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarker1984" class="citation cs2">Barker, Martin (1984), "Nasty politics or video nasties", in Barker, Martin (ed.), <i>The video nasties: freedom and censorship in the media</i>, London: Pluto Press, pp. <span class="nowrap">7–</span>28, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780861046676" title="Special:BookSources/9780861046676"><bdi>9780861046676</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Nasty+politics+or+video+nasties&rft.btitle=The+video+nasties%3A+freedom+and+censorship+in+the+media&rft.place=London&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E7-%3C%2Fspan%3E28&rft.pub=Pluto+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=9780861046676&rft.aulast=Barker&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+Recordings+Act+1984" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetley2001" class="citation cs2">Petley, Julian (2001), "Us and them", in Barker, Martin; Petley, Julian (eds.), <i>Ill effects the media/violence debate</i> (2nd ed.), London New York: Routledge, pp. <span class="nowrap">170–</span>185, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415225137" title="Special:BookSources/9780415225137"><bdi>9780415225137</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Us+and+them&rft.btitle=Ill+effects+the+media%2Fviolence+debate&rft.place=London+New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E170-%3C%2Fspan%3E185&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780415225137&rft.aulast=Petley&rft.aufirst=Julian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+Recordings+Act+1984" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetley2011" class="citation cs2">Petley, Julian (2011), "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Reading Society Aright': five years after the Video Recordings Act", in Petley, Julian (ed.), <i>Film and video censorship in Modern Britain</i>, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780748625383" title="Special:BookSources/9780748625383"><bdi>9780748625383</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E2%80%98Reading+Society+Aright%E2%80%99%3A+five+years+after+the+Video+Recordings+Act&rft.btitle=Film+and+video+censorship+in+Modern+Britain&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780748625383&rft.aulast=Petley&rft.aufirst=Julian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+Recordings+Act+1984" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748625383.003.0006">Available online.</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarnett2014" class="citation journal cs1">Barnett, Jerry (July 2014). "The British porn industry's ambiguity towards opposing censorship". <i><a href="/wiki/Porn_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Porn Studies">Porn Studies</a></i>. <b>1</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">321–</span>325. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F23268743.2014.930583">10.1080/23268743.2014.930583</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Porn+Studies&rft.atitle=The+British+porn+industry%27s+ambiguity+towards+opposing+censorship&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E321-%3C%2Fspan%3E325&rft.date=2014-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F23268743.2014.930583&rft.aulast=Barnett&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVideo+Recordings+Act+1984" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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controversies</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_controversial_video_games" title="List of controversial video games">List of controversial video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_culture" title="Video game culture">Video game culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Game-specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_Race_(1976_video_game)" title="Death Race (1976 video game)">Death Race</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Custer%27s_Revenge" title="Custer's Revenge">Custer's Revenge</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Controversies_surrounding_Mortal_Kombat" title="Controversies surrounding Mortal Kombat">Mortal Kombat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_Trap" title="Night Trap">Night Trap</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jynx" title="Jynx">Jynx</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Fun" title="Islamic Fun">Islamic Fun</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Guy_Game" title="The Guy Game">The Guy Game</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hot_Coffee_(minigame)" title="Hot Coffee (minigame)">Hot Coffee</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/JFK_Reloaded" title="JFK Reloaded">JFK Reloaded</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Super_Columbine_Massacre_RPG!" title="Super Columbine Massacre RPG!">Super Columbine Massacre RPG!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Massacre_(video_game)" title="Muslim Massacre (video game)">Muslim Massacre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Cleansing_(video_game)" title="Ethnic Cleansing (video game)">Ethnic Cleansing</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_Rose" title="Rule of Rose">Rule of Rose</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RapeLay" title="RapeLay">RapeLay</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/V-Tech_Rampage" title="V-Tech Rampage">V-Tech Rampage</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/No_Russian" title="No Russian">No Russian</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Six_Days_in_Fallujah" title="Six Days in Fallujah">Six Days in Fallujah</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_Effect_3_ending_controversy" title="Mass Effect 3 ending controversy"><i>Mass Effect 3</i> ending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Homicide_Studios" title="Digital Homicide Studios">Digital Homicide Studios</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Active_Shooter" title="Active Shooter">Active Shooter</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Special_Force_(2003_video_game)" title="Special Force (2003 video game)">Special Force</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Harassment and<br />workplace misconduct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crunch_(video_games)" title="Crunch (video games)">Crunch culture</a></li> <li><a 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Activision Blizzard"><i>California v. Activision Blizzard</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Activision_Blizzard_worker_organization" title="Activision Blizzard worker organization">ABK Workers Alliance</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamergate_(harassment_campaign)" title="Gamergate (harassment campaign)">Gamergate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other controversies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blitzchung_controversy" title="Blitzchung controversy">Blitzchung controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheating_in_video_games" title="Cheating in video games">Cheating in video games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheating_in_esports" title="Cheating in esports">esports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheating_in_online_games" title="Cheating in online games">online games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Brandon_Crisp" title="Death of Brandon Crisp">Death of Brandon Crisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swatting" title="Swatting">Swatting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Wichita_swatting" title="2017 Wichita swatting">2017 Wichita swatting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Strike_match_fixing_scandal" title="Counter-Strike match fixing scandal"><i>Counter-Strike</i> match fixing scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrupted_Blood_incident" title="Corrupted Blood incident">Corrupted Blood incident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social aspects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_censorship" title="Video game censorship">Censorship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banned_video_games_by_country" title="List of banned video games by country">banned games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regionally_censored_video_games" title="List of regionally censored video games">regionally censored games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberbullying" title="Cyberbullying">Cyberbullying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_as_an_art_form" title="Video games as an art form">Form of art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_representation_in_video_games" title="Gender representation in video games">Gender representation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_themes_in_video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT themes in video games">LGBTQ+ themes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game%E2%80%93related_health_problems" title="Video game–related health problems">Health problems</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_addiction" title="Video game addiction">addiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simulator_sickness" title="Simulator sickness">Simulator sickness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_reality_sickness" title="Virtual reality sickness">VR sickness</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_video_games" title="Race and video games">Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Review_bomb" title="Review bomb">Review bomb</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_review-bombing_incidents" title="List of review-bombing incidents">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_video_games" title="Religion and video games">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_content_in_video_games" title="Sexual content in video games">Sexual content</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eroge" title="Eroge">Eroge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lolicon" title="Lolicon">Lolicon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotacon" title="Shotacon">Shotacon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violence_and_video_games" title="Violence and video games">Violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_and_video_games" title="Women and video games">Women</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sexism_and_video_games" title="Sexism and video games">Sexism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property_protection_of_video_games" title="Intellectual property protection of video games">Intellectual property rights</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Video Recordings Act 1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_United_States_Senate_hearings_on_video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="1993 United States Senate hearings on video games">1993 U.S. Senate hearings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Entertainment_Protection_Act" title="Family Entertainment Protection Act">Family Entertainment Protection Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shutdown_law" title="Shutdown law">Shutdown law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truth_in_Video_Game_Rating_Act" title="Truth in Video Game Rating Act">Truth in Video Game Rating Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_Game_Decency_Act" title="Video Game Decency Act">Video Game Decency Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_3037/2002" title="Law 3037/2002">Law 3037/2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microtransaction" title="Microtransaction">Microtransactions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loot_box" title="Loot box">Loot boxes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notice_of_the_National_Press_and_Publication_Administration_on_Further_Strict_Management_and_Effective_Prevention_of_Minors%27_Addiction_to_Online_Games" title="Notice of the National Press and Publication Administration on Further Strict Management and Effective Prevention of Minors' Addiction to Online Games">Notice of the National Press and Publication Administration on Further Strict Management and Effective Prevention of Minors' Addiction to Online Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_piracy" title="Video game piracy">Video game piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skin_gambling" title="Skin gambling">Skin gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_crime" title="Virtual crime">Virtual crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metaverse_law" title="Metaverse law">Metaverse law</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lawsuits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Brown_v._Entertainment_Merchants_Association" title="Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association">Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Software_Ass%27n_v._Foti" title="Entertainment Software Ass'n v. Foti">Entertainment Software Ass'n v. Foti</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epic_Games_v._Apple" title="Epic Games v. Apple">Epic Games v. Apple</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epic_Games_v._Google" title="Epic Games v. Google">Epic Games v. Google</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Strickland_v._Sony" title="Strickland v. Sony">Strickland v. Sony</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pornography_in_the_United_Kingdom256" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British_pornography" title="Template:British pornography"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_pornography" title="Template talk:British pornography"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_pornography" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British pornography"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pornography_in_the_United_Kingdom256" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pornography_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Pornography in the United Kingdom">Pornography in the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Obscene_Publications_Acts" title="Obscene Publications Acts">Obscene Publications Acts</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Video Recordings Act 1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Section_63_of_the_Criminal_Justice_and_Immigration_Act_2008" title="Section 63 of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008">Section 63 of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audiovisual_Media_Services_Regulations_2014" title="Audiovisual Media Services Regulations 2014">Audiovisual Media Services Regulations 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Economy_Act_2017" title="Digital Economy Act 2017">Digital Economy Act 2017</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regulation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification" title="British Board of Film Classification">British Board of Film Classification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_British_film_certificates" title="History of British film certificates">History of British film certificates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R18_(British_Board_of_Film_Classification)" title="R18 (British Board of Film Classification)">R18 certificate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phone-paid_Services_Authority" title="Phone-paid Services Authority">Phone-paid Services Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_UK_Internet_age_verification_system" title="Proposed UK Internet age verification system">Proposed age verification system</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Book censorship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Hill" title="Fanny Hill">Fanny Hill</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lady_Chatterley%27s_Lover" title="Lady Chatterley's Lover">Lady Chatterley's Lover</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R_v_Penguin_Books_Ltd" title="R v Penguin Books Ltd">R v Penguin Books Ltd</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pornography channels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Adult_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="The Adult Channel">The Adult Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babes_and_Brazzers" title="Babes and Brazzers">Babes and Brazzers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babestation" title="Babestation">Babestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babeworld" title="Babeworld">Babeworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Hustler" title="Blue Hustler">Blue Hustler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GAYtv" title="GAYtv">GAYtv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hustler_TV_(Europe)" title="Hustler TV (Europe)">Hustler TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy_One" title="Playboy One">Playboy One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland_TV" title="Portland TV">Portland TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_Station" title="Sex Station">Sex Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SmileTV" title="SmileTV">SmileTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_X" title="Television X">Television X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TVX_40%2B" title="TVX 40+">TVX 40+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivid_TV_(Europe)" title="Vivid TV (Europe)">Vivid TV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television shows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Babestation" title="Babestation">Babestation</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Babeworld" title="Babeworld">Babeworld</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Electric_Blue_(TV_series)" title="Electric Blue (TV series)">Electric Blue</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sex_Station" title="Sex Station">Sex Station</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TVX_Callgirls_Live" class="mw-redirect" title="TVX Callgirls Live">TVX Callgirls Live</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/UK_Raw!" title="UK Raw!">UK Raw!</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pornographic actors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yasmeena_Ali" title="Yasmeena Ali">Yasmeena Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophie_Anderson_(actress)" title="Sophie Anderson (actress)">Sophie Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathy_Barry" title="Cathy Barry">Cathy Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Baxendale-Walker" title="Paul Baxendale-Walker">Paul Baxendale-Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samantha_Bentley" title="Samantha Bentley">Samantha Bentley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Bone" title="John T. Bone">John T. Bone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicky_Crane" title="Nicky Crane">Nicky Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileen_Daly" title="Eileen Daly">Eileen Daly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Davis_(actor)" title="Mark Davis (actor)">Mark Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Delphine" title="Belle Delphine">Belle Delphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Dover" title="Ben Dover">Ben Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linzi_Drew" title="Linzi Drew">Linzi Drew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Hay" title="Derek Hay">Derek Hay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahara_Knite" title="Sahara Knite">Sahara Knite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keiran_Lee" title="Keiran Lee">Keiran Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linsey_Dawn_McKenzie" title="Linsey Dawn McKenzie">Linsey Dawn McKenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Millington" title="Mary Millington">Mary Millington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_More" title="Rebecca More">Rebecca More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilde_Oscar" title="Wilde Oscar">Wilde Oscar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuppy_Owens" title="Tuppy Owens">Tuppy Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Parker" title="Kay Parker">Kay Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiona_Richmond" title="Fiona Richmond">Fiona Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aiden_Shaw" title="Aiden Shaw">Aiden Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Dong_Silver" title="Long Dong Silver">Long Dong Silver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanya_Tate" title="Tanya Tate">Tanya Tate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Thorne" title="Michelle Thorne">Michelle Thorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eve_Vorley" class="mw-redirect" title="Eve Vorley">Eve Vorley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Wane" title="Taylor Wane">Taylor Wane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_pornographic_actors" title="List of British pornographic actors">Others</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film directors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Baxendale-Walker" title="Paul Baxendale-Walker">Paul Baxendale-Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristen_Bjorn" title="Kristen Bjorn">Kristen Bjorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Bone" title="John T. Bone">John T. Bone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Davis_(actor)" title="Mark Davis (actor)">Mark Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Dover" title="Ben Dover">Ben Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper_Duncombe,_7th_Baron_Feversham" title="Jasper Duncombe, 7th Baron Feversham">Jasper Duncombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keiran_Lee" title="Keiran Lee">Keiran Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jesnor_Lindsay" title="John Jesnor Lindsay">John Lindsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Span" title="Anna Span">Anna Span</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanya_Tate" title="Tanya Tate">Tanya Tate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viv_Thomas" title="Viv Thomas">Viv Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eve_Vorley" class="mw-redirect" title="Eve Vorley">Eve Vorley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Wane" title="Taylor Wane">Taylor Wane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_Freedom_Awards" title="Sexual Freedom Awards">Sexual Freedom Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SHAFTA_Awards_(adult_video)" title="SHAFTA Awards (adult video)">SHAFTA Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Adult_Film_and_Television_Awards" title="UK Adult Film and Television Awards">UK Adult Film and Television Awards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazine publishers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Raymond_(publisher)" title="Paul Raymond (publisher)">Paul Raymond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Sullivan_(businessman)" title="David Sullivan (businessman)">David Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Desmond" title="Richard Desmond">Richard Desmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Star_Publications" title="Gold Star Publications">Gold Star Publications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Gay" title="Russell Gay">Russell Gay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Marks" title="Harrison Marks">Harrison Marks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mayfair_(magazine)" title="Mayfair (magazine)">Mayfair</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Knave_(British_magazine)" title="Knave (British magazine)">Knave</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Men_Only" title="Men Only">Men Only</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Club_International" title="Club International">Club International</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cremorne" title="The Cremorne">The Cremorne</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Escort_(magazine)" title="Escort (magazine)">Escort</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Filament_(magazine)" title="Filament (magazine)">Filament</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Razzle_(magazine)" title="Razzle (magazine)">Razzle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fiesta_(magazine)" title="Fiesta (magazine)">Fiesta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Penthouse_Forum" title="Penthouse Forum">Forum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asian_Babes" title="Asian Babes">Asian Babes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_World" title="Men's World">Men's World</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pearl_(magazine)" title="The Pearl (magazine)">The Pearl</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Photo_Bits" title="Photo Bits">Photo Bits</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quim_(magazine)" title="Quim (magazine)">Quim</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Suck_(publication)" title="Suck (publication)">Suck</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whitehouse_(magazine)" title="Whitehouse (magazine)">Whitehouse</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zoo_Weekly" title="Zoo Weekly">Zoo Weekly</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Sport" title="Daily Sport">Daily Sport</a></i> / <i><a href="/wiki/Sunday_Sport" title="Sunday Sport">Sunday Sport</a></i> (newspapers)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opposition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Whitehouse" title="Mary Whitehouse">Mary Whitehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pakenham,_7th_Earl_of_Longford" title="Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford">Lord Longford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Viewers%27_and_Listeners%27_Association" title="National Viewers' and Listeners' Association">National Viewers' and Listeners' Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-pornography_movement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Anti-pornography movement in the United Kingdom">UK anti-pornography movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_British_pornography" title="Outline of British pornography">Outline of British pornography</a> <b>‧</b> <a href="/wiki/Pornography_in_Europe" title="Pornography in Europe">Pornography in Europe</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Video_Recordings_Act_1984&oldid=1273238156">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Video_Recordings_Act_1984&oldid=1273238156</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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