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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" version="HTML+RDFa+MathML 1.1" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:sioc="http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns#" xmlns:sioct="http://rdfs.org/sioc/types#" xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab">  <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//securepubads.g.doubleclick.net" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//d1bxh8uas1mnw7.cloudfront.net" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//scholar.google.com" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://mp.bmj.com/sites/default/themes/bmjj/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://mp.bmj.com/content/50/1/9" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/pdf" title="Full Text (PDF)" href="/content/50/1/9.full.pdf" /> <meta name="issue_cover_image" content="https://mp.bmj.com/sites/default/files/highwire/molpath/50/1.cover.gif" /> <meta name="type" content="article" /> <meta name="category" content="research-article" /> <meta name="HW.identifier" content="/molpath/50/1/9.atom" /> <meta name="HW.pisa" content="molpath;50/1/9" /> <meta name="DC.Format" content="text/html" /> <meta name="DC.Language" content="en" /> <meta name="DC.Title" content="Intracellular staining of Mx proteins in cells from peripheral blood, bone marrow and skin." /> <meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.1136/mp.50.1.9" /> <meta name="DC.Date" content="1997-02-01" /> <meta name="DC.Publisher" content="BMJ Publishing Group Ltd" /> <meta name="DC.AccessRights" content="restricted" /> <meta name="DC.Description" content="AIM/BACKGROUND: The Mx proteins are known to be specifically and dose dependently induced in mononuclear cells (MNC) by type I interferons (IFN). The aim of this study was to establish a staining method for the human intracellular Mx proteins, MxA and MxB, in leucocytes and bone marrow and skin cells. METHODS: Several monoclonal antibodies directed against the MxA and MxB proteins were generated. These antibodies were used to stain Mx proteins in both frozen and paraffin wax sections using the standard alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method. RESULTS: Granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes extracted from freshly collected blood from 21 healthy subjects did not stain. After incubating MNC from these subjects with IFN alpha 2b for 48 hours, Mx proteins were detected in monocytes and lymphocytes. Within two days of starting treatment with subcutaneous IFN alpha 2b, granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes of 16 patients with cancer stained strongly for Mx proteins. The intensity of staining was correlated with the Mx content of whole blood measured using a specific ELISA. Prior to IFN treatment, cells from bone marrow and skin tissue specimens were negative for Mx proteins with the exception of endothelial cells. During treatment with IFN alpha 2b, nearly all cells from bone marrow and skin stained intensely. CONCLUSIONS: These new monoclonal antibodies facilitate the detection of Mx positive cells in peripheral blood and in frozen or paraffin wax specimens. The advantage of this staining method is that individual cells which have responded to viruses or biologically active IFN alpha, beta or omega can be identified." /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A N al-Masri" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T Werfel" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="D Jakschies" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P von Wussow" /> <meta name="article:published_time" content="1997-02-01" /> <meta name="article:section" content="Research Article" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Intracellular staining of Mx proteins in cells from peripheral blood, bone marrow and skin." /> <meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="<p>AIM/BACKGROUND: The Mx proteins are known to be specifically and dose dependently induced in mononuclear cells (MNC) by type I interferons (IFN). The aim of this study was to establish a staining method for the human intracellular Mx proteins, MxA and MxB, in leucocytes and bone marrow and skin cells. METHODS: Several monoclonal antibodies directed against the MxA and MxB proteins were generated. These antibodies were used to stain Mx proteins in both frozen and paraffin wax sections using the standard alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method. RESULTS: Granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes extracted from freshly collected blood from 21 healthy subjects did not stain. After incubating MNC from these subjects with IFN alpha 2b for 48 hours, Mx proteins were detected in monocytes and lymphocytes. Within two days of starting treatment with subcutaneous IFN alpha 2b, granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes of 16 patients with cancer stained strongly for Mx proteins. The intensity of staining was correlated with the Mx content of whole blood measured using a specific ELISA. Prior to IFN treatment, cells from bone marrow and skin tissue specimens were negative for Mx proteins with the exception of endothelial cells. During treatment with IFN alpha 2b, nearly all cells from bone marrow and skin stained intensely. CONCLUSIONS: These new monoclonal antibodies facilitate the detection of Mx positive cells in peripheral blood and in frozen or paraffin wax specimens. The advantage of this staining method is that individual cells which have responded to viruses or biologically active IFN alpha, beta or omega can be identified.</p>" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Molecular Pathology" /> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="BMJ Publishing Group Ltd" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="1997/02/01" /> <meta name="citation_mjid" content="molpath;50/1/9" /> <meta name="citation_id" content="50/1/9" /> <meta name="citation_public_url" content="https://mp.bmj.com/content/50/1/9" /> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://mp.bmj.com/content/50/1/9.abstract" /> <meta name="citation_full_html_url" content="https://mp.bmj.com/content/50/1/9.full" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://mp.bmj.com/content/molpath/50/1/9.full.pdf" /> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1366-8714" /> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1472-4154" /> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1136/mp.50.1.9" /> <meta name="citation_pmid" content="9208807" /> <meta name="citation_volume" content="50" /> <meta name="citation_issue" content="1" /> <meta name="citation_article_type" content="Research Article" /> <meta name="citation_section" content="Research Article" /> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="9" /> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="14" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="A N al-Masri" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="T Werfel" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="D Jakschies" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="P von Wussow" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Intracellular staining of Mx proteins in cells from peripheral blood, bone marrow and skin." /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://mp.bmj.com/sites/default/files/highwire/molpath/50/1.cover.gif" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="AIM/BACKGROUND: The Mx proteins are known to be specifically and dose dependently induced in mononuclear cells (MNC) by type I interferons (IFN). The aim of this study was to establish a staining method for the human intracellular Mx proteins, MxA and MxB, in leucocytes and bone marrow and skin cells. METHODS: Several monoclonal antibodies directed against the MxA and MxB proteins were generated. These antibodies were used to stain Mx proteins in both frozen and paraffin wax sections using the standard alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method. RESULTS: Granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes extracted from freshly collected blood from 21 healthy subjects did not stain. After incubating MNC from these subjects with IFN alpha 2b for 48 hours, Mx proteins were detected in monocytes and lymphocytes. Within two days of starting treatment with subcutaneous IFN alpha 2b, granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes of 16 patients with cancer stained strongly for Mx proteins. The intensity of staining was correlated with the Mx content of whole blood measured using a specific ELISA. Prior to IFN treatment, cells from bone marrow and skin tissue specimens were negative for Mx proteins with the exception of endothelial cells. During treatment with IFN alpha 2b, nearly all cells from bone marrow and skin stained intensely. CONCLUSIONS: These new monoclonal antibodies facilitate the detection of Mx positive cells in peripheral blood and in frozen or paraffin wax specimens. The advantage of this staining method is that individual cells which have responded to viruses or biologically active IFN alpha, beta or omega can be identified." /> <meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Intracellular staining of Mx proteins in cells from peripheral blood, bone marrow and skin." /> <meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="https://mp.bmj.com/content/50/1/9" /> <meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="Molecular Pathology" /> <meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="AIM/BACKGROUND: The Mx proteins are known to be specifically and dose dependently induced in mononuclear cells (MNC) by type I interferons (IFN). The aim of this study was to establish a staining method for the human intracellular Mx proteins, MxA and MxB, in leucocytes and bone marrow and skin cells. METHODS: Several monoclonal antibodies directed against the MxA and MxB proteins were generated. These antibodies were used to stain Mx proteins in both frozen and paraffin wax sections using the standard alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method. RESULTS: Granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes extracted from freshly collected blood from 21 healthy subjects did not stain. After incubating MNC from these subjects with IFN alpha 2b for 48 hours, Mx proteins were detected in monocytes and lymphocytes. Within two days of starting treatment with subcutaneous IFN alpha 2b, granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes of 16 patients with cancer stained strongly for Mx proteins. The intensity of staining was correlated with the Mx content of whole blood measured using a specific ELISA. Prior to IFN treatment, cells from bone marrow and skin tissue specimens were negative for Mx proteins with the exception of endothelial cells. During treatment with IFN alpha 2b, nearly all cells from bone marrow and skin stained intensely. CONCLUSIONS: These new monoclonal antibodies facilitate the detection of Mx positive cells in peripheral blood and in frozen or paraffin wax specimens. The advantage of this staining method is that individual cells which have responded to viruses or biologically active IFN alpha, beta or omega can be identified." /> <meta name="og-type" property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta name="og-image" property="og:image" content="https://mp.bmj.com/sites/default/files/highwire/molpath/50/1.cover.gif" /> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];window.dataLayer.push({"page":{"hwTitle":"Intracellular staining of Mx proteins in cells from peripheral blood, bone marrow and skin.","hwUrl":"https://mp.bmj.com/content/50/1/9","hwPath":"/content/50/1/9","hwType":"journal page"},"user":{"hwMemberID":"","hwLoggedIntoInstitutionID":"","hwLoggedIntoInstitution":"","hwAccessUsageTerms":"guest","hwRegisteredUser":"no","hwHasFullTextAccess":"no","hwEntitled":"no","mail":"e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855"},"content":{"hwIssueDate":"1997-02-01","hwIssueDateTime":"1997-02-01 00:00:00","hwPublicationDate":"2016-06-27","hwPublicationDateTime":"2016-06-27 10:04:21","hwNlmArticleType":"research-article","hwDOI":"10.1136/mp.50.1.9","hwAuthors":"A N al-Masri,T Werfel,D Jakschies,P von Wussow","hwContributors":"","hwIsEarlyRelease":"no","hwEissn":"1472-4154","hwPissn":"1366-8714","hwVolume":"50","hwIssue":"1","hwArticleType":"Research Article","hwTabView":"main_tab","hwViewType":"","hwAccessType":"Paywall","hwOpenAccess":"no","hwFreeAccess":"no","hwTaxonomy":"","hwCorpusCode":"molpath","hwType":"article","hwSubtitle":null,"hwOverline":"","hwPisaId":"molpath;50/1/9","hwFirstPage":"9","hwLastPage":"14","hwIsLatestVersion":"yes","hwIsCurrentIssue":"no","hwIsOpenIssue":"no","hwHasFullText":"no","hwHasPDF":"yes","hwParentTitle":"Molecular Pathology: 50 (1)","hwElectronicPubDate":"2016-06-27","hwElectronicPubDateTime":"2016-06-27 10:04:21"}}); 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src="/sites/default/themes/bmjj/img/icon-pdf.png" /><strong>PDF</strong></a></a> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-entity-field pane-node-field-highwire-article-cat article-category col-narrow-9 col-normal-10" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-name-field-highwire-article-cat field-type-text field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">Research Article</div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-article-citation col-mobile-10 col-narrow-10 col-normal-11 article-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node135997" data-node-nid="135997" id="node-135997--2354527786" data-pisa="molpath;50/1/9" data-pisa-master="molpath;50/1/9" data-apath="/molpath/50/1/9.atom"><cite class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-title clearfix"> <div class="highwire-cite-title">Intracellular staining of Mx proteins in cells from peripheral blood, bone marrow and skin.</div> <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="molpath;50/1/9" data-atom-uri="/molpath/50/1/9.atom" data-request-view="full"></span></span> </cite> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-panel-tabs-container col-narrow-12 clear" > <div class="pane-content"> <div data-panels-ajax-tab-preloaded="jnl_template_bmjj_tab_art" id="panels-ajax-tab-container-highwire_article_tabs" class="panels-ajax-tab-container"><div class="panels-ajax-tab-loading" style ="display:none"><img class="loading" src="https://mp.bmj.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/panels_ajax_tab/images/loading.gif" alt="Loading" title="Loading" /></div><div class="panels-ajax-tab-wrap-jnl_template_bmjj_tab_art"><div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" > <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-markup author-affiliates col-narrow-12 author-affiliates-corresp article" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="content-block-markup" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><div xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="contributors"><ol class="contributor-list" id="contrib-group-1"><li id="contrib-1"><span class="name">A N al-Masri</span>, </li><li id="contrib-2"><span class="name">T Werfel</span>, </li><li id="contrib-3"><span class="name">D Jakschies</span>, </li><li id="contrib-4"><span class="name">P von Wussow</span></li></ol><ol class="affiliation-list"><li class="aff"><a id="aff-1" name="aff-1"></a><address>Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical School Hannover, Germany.</address></li></ol><ol class="corresp-list"></ol></div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-markup abstract-with-bc" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="content-block" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><div class="article abstract-view"><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-start"></span><div class="section abstract" id="abstract-1"><h2>Abstract</h2><p id="p-1">AIM/BACKGROUND: The Mx proteins are known to be specifically and dose dependently induced in mononuclear cells (MNC) by type I interferons (IFN). The aim of this study was to establish a staining method for the human intracellular Mx proteins, MxA and MxB, in leucocytes and bone marrow and skin cells. METHODS: Several monoclonal antibodies directed against the MxA and MxB proteins were generated. These antibodies were used to stain Mx proteins in both frozen and paraffin wax sections using the standard alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method. RESULTS: Granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes extracted from freshly collected blood from 21 healthy subjects did not stain. After incubating MNC from these subjects with IFN alpha 2b for 48 hours, Mx proteins were detected in monocytes and lymphocytes. Within two days of starting treatment with subcutaneous IFN alpha 2b, granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes of 16 patients with cancer stained strongly for Mx proteins. The intensity of staining was correlated with the Mx content of whole blood measured using a specific ELISA. Prior to IFN treatment, cells from bone marrow and skin tissue specimens were negative for Mx proteins with the exception of endothelial cells. During treatment with IFN alpha 2b, nearly all cells from bone marrow and skin stained intensely. CONCLUSIONS: These new monoclonal antibodies facilitate the detection of Mx positive cells in peripheral blood and in frozen or paraffin wax specimens. 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