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In fact, 11 million people in the U.S. have some type of age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation. That number is expected to double by 2050 as the population ..."/><meta data-rh="true" property="optimizely" content="Optimizely is supported by this application but is not enabled for this page."/> <script data-rh="true"> window.usnFirstByteTime = new Date(); performance && performance.mark && performance.mark('ttfb'); </script><script data-rh="true" type="text/javascript"> var utag_data = {"bucket_tags":["atlasconditionguide","condition-guide-related-eye-disease","conditions","patient-advice"],"article_byline":"Vanessa Caceres ","page_type":"profile","site_product_section":"profile","site_product":"Conditions","suppress_img_flag":true,"site_portal":"Wellness","primary_tag":"conditions","article_publish_date":"2019-09-10","site_product_subsection":"Macular Degeneration","content_type":"product","page_name":"Macular Degeneration: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment | US News","site_vertical":"Health","byline_type":"Contributor","article_template":"article-rail","stitial_fact":"The key risk factors for heart disease are high blood pressure, high LDL cholesterol and smoking. 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In fact, 11 million people in the U.S. have some type of age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation. That number is expected to double by 2050 as the population ages. By 2020, an estimated 196 million people will be living with age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation, a nonprofit that supports research and education about eye and brain diseases.Our eyes have a retina, a thin tissue layer in the back of the eye that helps us sense light and send images of what we are seeing to our brain. One part of the retina is called the macula, and the macula gives us the crisp vision we need for common tasks like reading or driving.Sometimes called ARMD or AMD (they are the same thing), age-related macular degeneration occurs when the macula doesn't work like it should. Although macular degeneration typically doesn't hurt, it can affect your ability to see well. Age-related macular degeneration can lead to a loss of the central part of vision needed for important daily tasks or for seeing things like faces clearly, says Dr. Rahul Khurana, an American Academy of Ophthalmology spokesperson who practices at Northern California Retina Vitreous Associates in Daly City, California. Your peripheral vision remains.A couple of decades ago, a diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration was a “one-way ticket to blindness,” Khurana explains. Nowadays, there are treatments available to help slow its progression, along with many other potential treatments in clinical trials.According to the American Macular Degeneration Foundation, \"There are two basic types of macular degeneration: dry and wet. Approximately 85% to 90% of the cases\" are dry.In addition, there are four stages of macular degeneration, ranging in severity from mild to severe. People in the advanced stages of the disease are considered legally blind.Dry/early age-related macular degeneration. Dry age-related macular degeneration is the most common form of the disease, with nearly 90% of cases in this category. Most early cases of macular degeneration remain mild and don’t affect vision, says Dr. Carl Regillo, chief of retina service at Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, in Philadelphia. However, it still requires regular monitoring as there’s a small chance that it will progress into another form of age-related macular degeneration.Intermediate age-related macular degeneration. Intermediate age-related macular degeneration also is a dry form of the disease. It usually is associated with some vision loss. Before the wet stage occurs, there is always some form of dry age-related macular degeneration.Geographic atrophy. Although geographic atrophy is still a dry form of age-related macular degeneration, it is associated with more vision loss than the early or intermediate stages. For this reason, it’s considered an advanced form of the disease. Geographic atrophy can turn into wet age-related macular degeneration.Wet age-related macular degeneration. Wet age-related macular degeneration is also called advanced disease or neovascular age-related macular degeneration. It’s associated with the growth of abnormal blood vessels beneath the retina. These vessels may leak blood. Vision loss tends to be faster with wet age-related macular degeneration and is responsible for 90% of the vision loss from AMD, Khurana says. You can have both geographic atrophy and wet age-related macular degeneration in the same eye.If wet age-related macular degeneration is caught early enough, you can usually preserve most of your vision.The exact causes of age-related macular degeneration are not always clear, although it's associated with aging, starting at age 50 and onward. Genetics, smoking and being white all have a role as well. Here's more information on the causes of macular degeneration.Aging – specifically, being age 50 or older. “Age is part of the name and diagnosis,” says Dr. Charles Wykoff of Retina Consultants Houston in Houston. The risk for age-related macular degeneration significantly grows with each passing decade starting in the 50s, Wykoff says.Genetics, including a family history of age-related macular degeneration. There are dozens of genes associated with the disease, but genetic testing is not recommended by the AAO for the detection of age-related macular degeneration at this point because there is no perceived treatment benefit from the results, Khurana says.Being white. In 2010, 89% of those who had age-related macular degeneration were white, according to the National Eye Institute.Smoking. “Smoking doubles your risk, giving you another reason to quit,” Khurana says.Heart disease. Having a stroke or heart attack can increase your risk of developing age-related macular degeneration. Estimates vary among studies, but researchers have frequently found a link between heart disease and the occurrence of macular degeneration.Initially, you may not notice any symptoms if you have age-related macular degeneration. Some people who live a long time with a mild form may never notice a change in vision.Symptoms of age-related macular degeneration include:Blurry vision.Seeing black or dark areas in your central vision.Vision that appears darker than before.Trouble reading.Difficulty seeing details in both close and far vision.“Imagine you are looking at a clock with hands. With age-related macular degeneration, you might see the clock’s numbers but not the hands,” according to the AAO.The symptoms of age-related macular degeneration may appear in one or both eyes. Sometimes, you could have age-related macular degeneration in one eye but not notice the symptoms because your other eye still sees well. It’s possible to have different stages of disease in each eye – or have disease in one eye but not in the other.If you have these symptoms, you should see an eye doctor for a dilated eye exam. Although these are the typical symptoms associated with age-related macular degeneration, the disease may go undetected, especially if you have dry age-related macular degeneration, Khurana says.It's important to get diagnosed early because you have a better chance of preserving vision.The most common way that macular degeneration is diagnosed is with a dilated eye exam at a doctor’s office. A dilated eye exam is one of the most reliable ways that eye doctors can detect certain diseases, such as macular degeneration and glaucoma. During a dilated eye exam, you’ll receive special drops that allow the doctor to see the back of the eye, including the retina, macula and optic nerve. These drops make your eyes appear wider. Your eye doctor also may use something called an Amsler grid that can help measure changes or loss of your central vision.When checking for age-related macular degeneration, your doctor will look for signs of disease that are not visible to you, such as:Yellow-colored deposits called drusen.Blood vessel growth that is abnormal.Blood vessels that leak fluid.Deposits of pigment underneath the retina.Although some drusen are normal with age, medium or large drusen can indicate that you have age-related macular degeneration, according to the NEI. As drusen become bigger, the risk of dry age-related macular degeneration becoming wet age-related macular degeneration grows.The items that eye doctors are looking for, such as drusen and abnormal blood vessels, only can be seen with a dilated eye exam or with special technology. Eye doctors also use a kind of imaging called optical coherence tomography, or OCT, which uses light waves to get pictures of sections of the retina. OCT testing doesn't hurt; you just place your head on a chin rest while images of your eye are taken with OCT.Another test used to diagnose AMD is a fluorescein angiogram. This consists of injecting a fluorescent dye in your arm and taking pictures as the colored dye passes through your eye’s blood vessels, according to the NEI. This helps eye doctors to see leaking blood vessels that are part of wet age-related macular degeneration.Your eye doctor will combine the imaging results along with the exam findings to diagnose age-related macular degeneration, Wykoff says.The treatment for age-related macular degeneration depends on the type that you have. However, early detection is always helpful in preserving your vision. Dry Age-Related Macular DegenerationThere are no treatments for the dry forms of age-related macular degeneration. If you have dry age-related macular degeneration, your eye doctor will likely prescribe over-the-counter vitamins called AREDS2, short for Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2. The AREDS2 vitamins contain lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, copper and vitamins C and E.AREDS2 is a formula developed after AREDS1, which had a slightly different combination of vitamins. In clinical trials, the AREDS vitamins helped reduce the risk of developing wet macular degeneration by about 25%. The patients in the trials had intermediate macular degeneration or advanced macular degeneration in one eye only. Your eye doctor can help you decide if taking the AREDS formula is right for you. It’s OK for most patients to take AREDS along with their multivitamin, Regillo says. However, always check with your doctor before using them.Although some people will use AREDS vitamins if they have a family history of age-related macular degeneration and do not have the disease, the vitamins aren’t designed for this particular purpose. “There’s not data to support that this (works),” Wykoff says. However, if you have a mild form of the disease, it can help prevent it from becoming worse.Geographic AtrophyThere are currently no treatments for geographic atrophy. People who have geographic atrophy can lose, on average, one line of vision each year. A line of vision refers to the lines on vision charts that are often at eye doctors' offices, which are used to help measure how well we see. Despite the lack of treatments for now, there are several potential treatments in development or in clinical trials, Wykoff notes, including special eye drops, gene therapy and cell transplantation.Wet Age-Related Macular DegenerationSince the early 2000s, eye doctors have had more reliable treatments to help those with wet age-related macular degeneration. These treatments don’t cure the disease, but they can lessen its effects. In some cases, they can bring back some of the lost vision. “Fortunately, we’ve had a revolution in how we care for [wet] age-related macular degeneration,” Khurana says.For wet AMD, there are two Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments called ranibizumab (Lucentis) and aflibercept (Eylea). A third treatment called bevacizumab (Avastin) is also used in some patients, but is not approved by the FDA for macular degeneration. (It's approved to treat certain cancers.) It’s used off-label.All of these medications are what are known as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs. The treatments have specific engineered proteins that block the activity of proteins that help build blood vessels, Wykoff says. They can help decrease the number of abnormal blood vessels in the retina and stop these blood vessels from leaking.The treatments for wet AMD are given through an injection in the vitreous cavity, which is a gel-filled area of the eye between the front of the eye and the retina. The injections are well tolerated by patients, Regillo says. If you receive one of these injections, your eye doctor will use an antiseptic drop as well as an anesthetic drop. You won’t feel the injection, but you may feel a little pressure in the eye. The injections are given at an eye doctor’s office.Ninety percent of the time, the injections given prevent vision from getting worse. In fact, about a third of patients gain some of their vision back, Khurana says. Most of these vision gains happen when the injections first start. The earlier that macular degeneration is detected, the greater chance that treatments can slow disease progression or help bring back lost vision, Wykoff says.Eye doctors will usually give these injections monthly until they see that signs of the disease have stopped appearing. Most people need to continue injections over their lifetime, Regillo adds. However, the frequency of injections are different for everyone. Some require the injections once a month, while other patients can wait up to six to eight weeks or more between injections. It depends on disease activity in each person.Photodynamic therapy and laser surgery are older treatment options for age-related macular degeneration and are used much less frequently than anti-VEGF injections.Assistive DevicesMany patients with age-related macular degeneration will use low-vision assistive devices, such as magnifiers, special reading glasses, large-print reading materials and other tools and technologies to help them see better. A vision rehabilitation specialist can help you learn how to use these types of devices, according to the AAO.The best way to help prevent or slow age-related macular degeneration is with a dilated eye exam every year or every other year, starting at age 50. The AAO recommends getting a baseline dilated eye exam at age 40, Khurana says. This is to help detect other serious eye problems that are seen via a dilated exam. If you have dry age-related macular degeneration, your eye doctor may want you to have a dilated exam more frequently, he adds.These regular eye exams can help monitor for age-related macular degeneration as well as other eye problems that come up as people age, including glaucoma and cataracts.Regular dilated eye exams are especially important if you have certain diseases such as diabetes. That's because having diabetes can raise your risk for many types of eye problems, including age-related macular degeneration. Dilated eye checks can help monitor for other diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy.If you smoke, use whatever resources available you have to quit. Smoking raises the risk for age-related macular degeneration.A heart-healthy diet may play a role in decreasing the risk of age-related macular degeneration developing or progressing. Consuming more dark leafy greens, colorful vegetables and cold water fish might help, Regillo notes. Consuming seven ounces of vegetables a day, two servings of fruit and fish twice a week were associated with a lower risk of macular degeneration, according to a 2019 study in the American Journal of Ophthalmology.Maintaining normal blood pressure and cholesterol numbers also may have a positive effect on keeping age-related macular degeneration away.If you suspect you have age-related macular degeneration, it’s important to see an eye doctor. “It’s important to know if you have wet or dry AMD. Don’t assume that you know which one it is,” Wykoff says.","@type":"NewsArticle","author":[{"image":"https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://www.usnews.com/dims4/USNEWS/bdabb2a/2147483647/thumbnail/300x300/quality/85/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F2b%2F12%2F7a23955947d5b9367cf91bec4fbe%2Fvanessa-caceres.jpg","@type":"Person","jobTitle":"Contributor","name":"Vanessa Caceres ","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://www.usnews.com/topics/author/vanessa-caceres"}],"description":"Learn about the symptoms, causes and treatment options in the macular degeneration condition guide at U.S. News and World Report.","dateModified":"2019-09-10T12:07-0400","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","name":"A Patient's Guide to Macular 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Syndrome</option><option value="https://health.usnews.com/conditions/vaccinations">Vaccinations</option></optgroup></select></div><button data-tracking-id="conditions_dropdown_menu" background="/web/20221203145639im_/https://health.usnews.com/conditions/eye-disease/white" border="#9297A1" class="Button__ButtonDeprecated-suns4m-1 ZsShn"><div class="button-content"><svg role="img" fill="#fff" width="1.125rem" height="1.125rem" class="Icon-sc-9wq8ul-0 hiHdJZ"><use xlink:href="/web/20221203145639im_/https://health.usnews.com/conditions/eye-disease/macular-degeneration#search" filter="0"></use></svg></div></button></div></div></div><p class="Heading-sc-1w5xk2o-0 cEJMIE">Macular Degeneration Advice</p><ul><li class="SubNavVertical__NavLi-sc-1ug4ekn-3 cbiydx"><div class="active-indicator"></div><a data-tracking-id="article_assembly_click" data-tracking-campaign="Overview" data-tracking-placement="left-rail" href="#overview" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 SubNavVertical__NavLink-sc-1ug4ekn-4 edhHRW bUyQEC">Overview</a></li><li class="SubNavVertical__NavLi-sc-1ug4ekn-3 fcEpCE"><div class="active-indicator"></div><a data-tracking-id="article_assembly_click" data-tracking-campaign="Types" data-tracking-placement="left-rail" href="#types" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 SubNavVertical__NavLink-sc-1ug4ekn-4 edhHRW dkyCNS">Types</a></li><li class="SubNavVertical__NavLi-sc-1ug4ekn-3 fcEpCE"><div class="active-indicator"></div><a data-tracking-id="article_assembly_click" data-tracking-campaign="Causes" data-tracking-placement="left-rail" href="#causes" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 SubNavVertical__NavLink-sc-1ug4ekn-4 edhHRW dkyCNS">Causes</a></li><li class="SubNavVertical__NavLi-sc-1ug4ekn-3 fcEpCE"><div class="active-indicator"></div><a data-tracking-id="article_assembly_click" data-tracking-campaign="Symptoms" data-tracking-placement="left-rail" href="#symptoms" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 SubNavVertical__NavLink-sc-1ug4ekn-4 edhHRW dkyCNS">Symptoms</a></li><li class="SubNavVertical__NavLi-sc-1ug4ekn-3 fcEpCE"><div class="active-indicator"></div><a data-tracking-id="article_assembly_click" data-tracking-campaign="Diagnosis" data-tracking-placement="left-rail" href="#diagnosis" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 SubNavVertical__NavLink-sc-1ug4ekn-4 edhHRW dkyCNS">Diagnosis</a></li><li class="SubNavVertical__NavLi-sc-1ug4ekn-3 fcEpCE"><div class="active-indicator"></div><a data-tracking-id="article_assembly_click" data-tracking-campaign="Treatment" data-tracking-placement="left-rail" href="#treatment" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 SubNavVertical__NavLink-sc-1ug4ekn-4 edhHRW dkyCNS">Treatment</a></li><li class="SubNavVertical__NavLi-sc-1ug4ekn-3 fcEpCE"><div class="active-indicator"></div><a data-tracking-id="article_assembly_click" data-tracking-campaign="Health Care Providers" data-tracking-placement="left-rail" href="#providers" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 SubNavVertical__NavLink-sc-1ug4ekn-4 edhHRW dkyCNS">Health Care Providers</a></li><li class="SubNavVertical__NavLi-sc-1ug4ekn-3 fcEpCE"><div class="active-indicator"></div><a data-tracking-id="article_assembly_click" data-tracking-campaign="Prevention" data-tracking-placement="left-rail" href="#prevention" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 SubNavVertical__NavLink-sc-1ug4ekn-4 edhHRW dkyCNS">Prevention</a></li><li class="SubNavVertical__NavLi-sc-1ug4ekn-3 fcEpCE"><div class="active-indicator"></div><a data-tracking-id="article_assembly_click" data-tracking-campaign="Related Articles" data-tracking-placement="left-rail" href="#related-articles" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 SubNavVertical__NavLink-sc-1ug4ekn-4 edhHRW dkyCNS">Related Articles</a></li></ul></div></div></nav></div></div><div class="Cell-sc-1abjmm4-0 jHkzqw"><div id="usn-toc-content" class="guide__ArticleBodyContainer-sc-136lmpg-0 hZuNfS"><div id="ad-in-text-target" class="Box-w0dun1-0 article-body__ArticleBox-sc-138p7q2-2 dWWnRo eYFKbH"><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of vision loss in those who are age 50 or older. In fact, 11 million people in the U.S. have some type of age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation. That number is expected to double by 2050 as the population ages. By 2020, an estimated 196 million people will be living with age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation, a nonprofit that supports research and education about eye and brain diseases.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="render-ad-default__InArticleSpace-boq8av-0 iscxUE mb5 mt6"><div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 czkppk RectToLeaderboardAd__CustomLeaderboardAd-sc-18ls5m1-0 eerTMw"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="728x90" data-ad-props="{"type":"lb","dimensions":"728x90","separator":"_","lazy":false,"borderTop":true,"borderBottom":true,"borderColor":"#D3D7DC","insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"breakpoint":"large","className":"RectToLeaderboardAd__CustomLeaderboardAd-sc-18ls5m1-0 eerTMw","mobileType":"mad","mediaTypes":["banner"],"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 eMRjsm RectToLeaderboardAd__CustomRectAd-sc-18ls5m1-1 fXMqkv"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="300x250" data-ad-props="{"type":"rect","mobileType":"mrect","separator":"_","lazy":false,"breakpoint":"large","className":"RectToLeaderboardAd__CustomRectAd-sc-18ls5m1-1 fXMqkv","dimensions":"300x250","mobileDimensions":"300x250,320x50,300x50","mediaTypes":["banner"],"desktopInitialHeight":250,"mobileInitialHeight":50,"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div></div></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><h2><label data-toc-text="Overview" id="overview">What Is Macular Degeneration?</label></h2></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Our eyes have a retina, a thin tissue layer in the back of the eye that helps us sense light and send images of what we are seeing to our brain. One part of the retina is called the macula, and the macula gives us the crisp vision we need for common tasks like reading or driving.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Sometimes called ARMD or AMD (they are the same thing), age-related macular degeneration occurs when the macula doesn't work like it should. Although macular degeneration typically doesn't hurt, it can affect your ability to see well. </p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Age-related macular degeneration can lead to a loss of the central part of vision needed for important daily tasks or for seeing things like faces clearly, says Dr. Rahul Khurana, an American Academy of Ophthalmology spokesperson who practices at Northern California Retina Vitreous Associates in Daly City, California. Your peripheral vision remains.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>A couple of decades ago, a diagnosis of age-related <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2018-02-23/macular-degeneration-managing-this-vision-condition">macular degeneration</a> was a “one-way ticket to blindness,” Khurana explains. Nowadays, there are treatments available to help slow its progression, along with many other potential treatments in clinical trials.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><react-trigger trigger="view"><h3 class="Heading-sc-1w5xk2o-0 lgyqEx">Read More About Macular Degeneration</h3><div class="Box-w0dun1-0 PromoListEnhancement__Columns-sc-1iati3y-0 dWWnRo gvUSLK"><div spacing="3" class="MediaLinkBoxed__Container-sc-1m4ue7d-0 bgWBUj"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/conditions/eye-disease" class="MediaLinkBoxed__ContainerLink-sc-1m4ue7d-1 iPxaMy"></a><div class="MediaLinkBoxed__InnerContainer-sc-1m4ue7d-4 dJZCrW"><div class="MediaLinkBoxed__Content-sc-1m4ue7d-5 iPlzuO p2"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/conditions/eye-disease" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 PlBer"><div class="Paragraph-sc-1iyax29-0-div MediaLinkBoxed__Text-sc-1m4ue7d-7 cjfzFA dlEzBu">A Patient’s Guide to Eye Disease</div></a></div><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/conditions/eye-disease" class="MediaLinkBoxed__Aside-sc-1m4ue7d-6 bmgxZx"><img loading="lazy" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639im_/https://www.usnews.com/object/image/0000014e-1c08-db5a-a1ee-3d8f2e930000/150622-eyeexamination-stock.jpg?update-time=1435346184719&size=responsiveSquare150" class="MediaLinkBoxed__ImageStyled-sc-1m4ue7d-2 ijwHKs"/></a></div></div><div spacing="3" class="MediaLinkBoxed__Container-sc-1m4ue7d-0 bgWBUj"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/for-better/articles/cataracts-what-to-look-for" class="MediaLinkBoxed__ContainerLink-sc-1m4ue7d-1 iPxaMy"></a><div class="MediaLinkBoxed__InnerContainer-sc-1m4ue7d-4 dJZCrW"><div class="MediaLinkBoxed__Content-sc-1m4ue7d-5 iPlzuO p2"><a 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2019-01-21/what-seniors-need-to-know-about-vision-loss" class="MediaLinkBoxed__ContainerLink-sc-1m4ue7d-1 iPxaMy"></a><div class="MediaLinkBoxed__InnerContainer-sc-1m4ue7d-4 dJZCrW"><div class="MediaLinkBoxed__Content-sc-1m4ue7d-5 iPlzuO p2"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2019-01-21/what-seniors-need-to-know-about-vision-loss" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 PlBer"><div class="Paragraph-sc-1iyax29-0-div MediaLinkBoxed__Text-sc-1m4ue7d-7 cjfzFA dlEzBu">Helping Seniors Deal With Vision Loss</div></a></div><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2019-01-21/what-seniors-need-to-know-about-vision-loss" class="MediaLinkBoxed__Aside-sc-1m4ue7d-6 bmgxZx"><img loading="lazy" 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Best Ophthalmologist?</div></a></div><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2018-04-18/how-do-i-find-the-best-ophthalmologist" class="MediaLinkBoxed__Aside-sc-1m4ue7d-6 bmgxZx"><img loading="lazy" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639im_/https://www.usnews.com/object/image/0000014e-4f16-d06e-af7e-4f3781530000/150702-ophthalmologistpatient-stock.jpg?update-time=1435846008574&size=responsiveSquare150" class="MediaLinkBoxed__ImageStyled-sc-1m4ue7d-2 ijwHKs"/></a></div></div><div spacing="3" class="MediaLinkBoxed__Container-sc-1m4ue7d-0 bgWBUj"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2017-12-12/could-treating-vision-loss-help-older-adults-live-longer" class="MediaLinkBoxed__ContainerLink-sc-1m4ue7d-1 iPxaMy"></a><div class="MediaLinkBoxed__InnerContainer-sc-1m4ue7d-4 dJZCrW"><div class="MediaLinkBoxed__Content-sc-1m4ue7d-5 iPlzuO p2"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2017-12-12/could-treating-vision-loss-help-older-adults-live-longer" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 PlBer"><div class="Paragraph-sc-1iyax29-0-div MediaLinkBoxed__Text-sc-1m4ue7d-7 cjfzFA dlEzBu">Could Treating Vision Loss Help Older Adults Live Longer?</div></a></div><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2017-12-12/could-treating-vision-loss-help-older-adults-live-longer" class="MediaLinkBoxed__Aside-sc-1m4ue7d-6 bmgxZx"><img loading="lazy" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639im_/https://www.usnews.com/object/image/0000014a-0646-d98f-a5da-1ec65a640000/141201-cataractsurgery-stock.jpg?update-time=1417444701188&size=responsiveSquare150" class="MediaLinkBoxed__ImageStyled-sc-1m4ue7d-2 ijwHKs"/></a></div></div><div spacing="3" class="MediaLinkBoxed__Container-sc-1m4ue7d-0 bgWBUj"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2018-02-23/macular-degeneration-managing-this-vision-condition" class="MediaLinkBoxed__ContainerLink-sc-1m4ue7d-1 iPxaMy"></a><div class="MediaLinkBoxed__InnerContainer-sc-1m4ue7d-4 dJZCrW"><div class="MediaLinkBoxed__Content-sc-1m4ue7d-5 iPlzuO p2"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2018-02-23/macular-degeneration-managing-this-vision-condition" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 PlBer"><div class="Paragraph-sc-1iyax29-0-div MediaLinkBoxed__Text-sc-1m4ue7d-7 cjfzFA dlEzBu">Macular Degeneration: Managing This Vision Condition</div></a></div><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2018-02-23/macular-degeneration-managing-this-vision-condition" class="MediaLinkBoxed__Aside-sc-1m4ue7d-6 bmgxZx"><img loading="lazy" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639im_/https://www.usnews.com/object/image/00000161-c3f5-d0bf-a9e7-d7f761500000/180223-maculardegeneration-stock.jpg?update-time=1519411178567&size=responsiveSquare150" class="MediaLinkBoxed__ImageStyled-sc-1m4ue7d-2 ijwHKs"/></a></div></div></div></react-trigger><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><h2><label data-toc-text="Types" id="types">Types</label></h2></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>According to the American Macular Degeneration Foundation, "There are two basic types of macular degeneration: dry and wet. Approximately 85% to 90% of the cases" are dry.</p></div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 jFyEsy lg-hide" spacing="5"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="300x250" data-ad-props="{"type":"rect","mobileType":"mrect","separator":"_","lazy":false,"className":"lg-hide","spacing":5,"spacingTop":5,"dimensions":"300x250","mobileDimensions":"300x250,320x50,300x50","mediaTypes":["banner"],"desktopInitialHeight":250,"mobileInitialHeight":50,"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>In addition, there are four stages of macular degeneration, ranging in severity from mild to severe. People in the advanced stages of the disease are considered legally blind.</p></div><react-trigger trigger="view"><div class="ArticleBodyRawList__ListContainer-sc-18hlulv-0 dbATXA"><ul> <li><b>Dry/early age-related macular degeneration. </b>Dry age-related macular degeneration is the most common form of the disease, with nearly 90% of cases in this category. Most early cases of macular degeneration remain mild and don’t affect vision, says Dr. Carl Regillo, chief of retina service at Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, in Philadelphia. However, it still requires regular monitoring as there’s a small chance that it will progress into another form of age-related macular degeneration.</li> </ul></div></react-trigger><react-trigger trigger="view"><div class="ArticleBodyRawList__ListContainer-sc-18hlulv-0 dbATXA"><ul> <li><b>Intermediate age-related macular degeneration. </b>Intermediate age-related macular degeneration also is a dry form of the disease. It usually is associated with some vision loss. Before the wet stage occurs, there is always some form of dry age-related macular degeneration.</li> </ul></div></react-trigger><react-trigger trigger="view"><div class="ArticleBodyRawList__ListContainer-sc-18hlulv-0 dbATXA"><ul> <li><b>Geographic atrophy.</b> Although geographic atrophy is still a dry form of age-related macular degeneration, it is associated with more vision loss than the early or intermediate stages. For this reason, it’s considered an advanced form of the disease. Geographic atrophy can turn into wet age-related macular degeneration.</li> </ul></div></react-trigger><react-trigger trigger="view"><div class="ArticleBodyRawList__ListContainer-sc-18hlulv-0 dbATXA"><ul> <li><b>Wet age-related macular degeneration</b>. Wet age-related macular degeneration is also called advanced disease or neovascular age-related macular degeneration. It’s associated with the growth of abnormal blood vessels beneath the retina. These vessels may leak blood. Vision loss tends to be faster with wet age-related macular degeneration and is responsible for 90% of the vision loss from AMD, Khurana says. You can have both geographic atrophy and wet age-related macular degeneration in the same eye.</li> </ul></div></react-trigger><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>If wet age-related macular degeneration is caught early enough, you can usually preserve most of your vision.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="render-ad-default__InArticleSpace-boq8av-0 iscxUE mb5 mt6"><div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 czkppk RectToLeaderboardAd__CustomLeaderboardAd-sc-18ls5m1-0 eerTMw"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="728x90" data-ad-props="{"type":"lb","dimensions":"728x90","separator":"_","lazy":false,"borderTop":true,"borderBottom":true,"borderColor":"#D3D7DC","insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"breakpoint":"large","className":"RectToLeaderboardAd__CustomLeaderboardAd-sc-18ls5m1-0 eerTMw","mobileType":"mad","mediaTypes":["banner"],"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 eMRjsm RectToLeaderboardAd__CustomRectAd-sc-18ls5m1-1 fXMqkv"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="300x250" data-ad-props="{"type":"rect","mobileType":"mrect","separator":"_","lazy":false,"breakpoint":"large","className":"RectToLeaderboardAd__CustomRectAd-sc-18ls5m1-1 fXMqkv","dimensions":"300x250","mobileDimensions":"300x250,320x50,300x50","mediaTypes":["banner"],"desktopInitialHeight":250,"mobileInitialHeight":50,"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div></div></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><h2><label data-toc-text="Causes" id="causes">Causes</label></h2></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>The exact causes of age-related macular degeneration are not always clear, although it's associated with aging, starting at age 50 and onward. Genetics, smoking and being white all have a role as well. Here's more information on the causes of macular degeneration.</p></div><react-trigger trigger="view"><div class="ArticleBodyRawList__ListContainer-sc-18hlulv-0 dbATXA"><ul> <li>Aging – specifically, being age 50 or older. “Age is part of the name and diagnosis,” says Dr. Charles Wykoff of Retina Consultants Houston in Houston. The risk for age-related macular degeneration significantly grows with each passing decade starting in the 50s, Wykoff says.</li> </ul></div></react-trigger><react-trigger trigger="view"><div class="ArticleBodyRawList__ListContainer-sc-18hlulv-0 dbATXA"><ul> <li>Genetics, including a family history of age-related macular degeneration. There are dozens of genes associated with the disease, but genetic testing is not recommended by the AAO for the detection of age-related macular degeneration at this point because there is no perceived treatment benefit from the results, Khurana says.</li> </ul></div></react-trigger><react-trigger trigger="view"><div class="ArticleBodyRawList__ListContainer-sc-18hlulv-0 dbATXA"><ul> <li>Being white. In 2010, 89% of those who had age-related macular degeneration were white, according to the National Eye Institute.</li> </ul></div></react-trigger><react-trigger trigger="view"><div class="ArticleBodyRawList__ListContainer-sc-18hlulv-0 dbATXA"><ul> <li>Smoking. “Smoking doubles your risk, giving you another reason to quit,” Khurana says.</li> </ul></div></react-trigger><react-trigger trigger="view"><div class="ArticleBodyRawList__ListContainer-sc-18hlulv-0 dbATXA"><ul> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/conditions/heart-disease">Heart disease</a>. Having a stroke or heart attack can increase your risk of developing age-related macular degeneration. Estimates vary among studies, but researchers have frequently found a link between heart disease and the occurrence of macular degeneration.</li> </ul></div></react-trigger><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><h2><label data-toc-text="Symptoms" id="symptoms">Symptoms</label></h2></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Initially, you may not notice any symptoms if you have age-related macular degeneration. Some people who live a long time with a mild form may never notice a change in vision.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Symptoms of age-related macular degeneration include:</p></div><react-trigger trigger="view"><div class="ArticleBodyRawList__ListContainer-sc-18hlulv-0 dbATXA"><ul> <li>Blurry vision.</li> <li>Seeing black or dark areas in your central vision.</li> <li>Vision that appears darker than before.</li> <li>Trouble reading.</li> <li>Difficulty seeing details in both close and far vision.</li> </ul></div></react-trigger><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>“Imagine you are looking at a clock with hands. With age-related macular degeneration, you might see the clock’s numbers but not the hands,” according to the AAO.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>The symptoms of age-related macular degeneration may appear in one or both eyes. Sometimes, you could have age-related macular degeneration in one eye but not notice the symptoms because your other eye still sees well. It’s possible to have different stages of disease in each eye – or have disease in one eye but not in the other.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>If you have these symptoms, you should see an eye doctor for a dilated eye exam. Although these are the typical symptoms associated with age-related macular degeneration, the disease may go undetected, especially if you have dry age-related macular degeneration, Khurana says.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>It's important to get diagnosed early because you have a better chance of preserving vision.</p></div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 jFyEsy lg-hide" spacing="5"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="300x250" data-ad-props="{"type":"rect","mobileType":"mrect","separator":"_","lazy":false,"className":"lg-hide","spacing":5,"spacingTop":5,"dimensions":"300x250","mobileDimensions":"300x250,320x50,300x50","mediaTypes":["banner"],"desktopInitialHeight":250,"mobileInitialHeight":50,"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><h2><label data-toc-text="Diagnosis" id="diagnosis">Diagnosis</label></h2></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>The most common way that macular degeneration is diagnosed is with a dilated eye exam at a doctor’s office. A dilated eye exam is one of the most reliable ways that eye doctors can detect certain diseases, such as macular degeneration and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/conditions/eye-disease/glaucoma">glaucoma</a>. </p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>During a dilated eye exam, you’ll receive special drops that allow the doctor to see the back of the eye, including the retina, macula and optic nerve. These drops make your eyes appear wider. Your eye doctor also may use something called an Amsler grid that can help measure changes or loss of your central vision.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>When checking for age-related macular degeneration, your doctor will look for signs of disease that are not visible to you, such as:</p></div><react-trigger trigger="view"><div class="ArticleBodyRawList__ListContainer-sc-18hlulv-0 dbATXA"><ul> <li>Yellow-colored deposits called drusen.</li> <li>Blood vessel growth that is abnormal.</li> <li>Blood vessels that leak fluid.</li> <li>Deposits of pigment underneath the retina.</li> </ul></div></react-trigger><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Although some drusen are normal with age, medium or large drusen can indicate that you have age-related macular degeneration, according to the NEI. As drusen become bigger, the risk of dry age-related macular degeneration becoming wet age-related macular degeneration grows.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>The items that eye doctors are looking for, such as drusen and abnormal blood vessels, only can be seen with a dilated eye exam or with special technology. Eye doctors also use a kind of imaging called optical coherence tomography, or OCT, which uses light waves to get pictures of sections of the retina. OCT testing doesn't hurt; you just place your head on a chin rest while images of your eye are taken with OCT.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Another test used to diagnose AMD is a fluorescein angiogram. This consists of injecting a fluorescent dye in your arm and taking pictures as the colored dye passes through your eye’s blood vessels, according to the NEI. This helps eye doctors to see leaking blood vessels that are part of wet age-related macular degeneration.</p></div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 jFyEsy lg-hide" spacing="5"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="300x250" data-ad-props="{"type":"rect","mobileType":"mrect","separator":"_","lazy":false,"className":"lg-hide","spacing":5,"spacingTop":5,"dimensions":"300x250","mobileDimensions":"300x250,320x50,300x50","mediaTypes":["banner"],"desktopInitialHeight":250,"mobileInitialHeight":50,"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Your eye doctor will combine the imaging results along with the exam findings to diagnose age-related macular degeneration, Wykoff says.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><h2><label data-toc-text="Treatment" id="treatment">Treatment</label></h2></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>The treatment for age-related macular degeneration depends on the type that you have. However, early detection is always helpful in preserving your vision. </p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p><b>Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration</b></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>There are no treatments for the dry forms of age-related macular degeneration. If you have dry age-related macular degeneration, your eye doctor will likely prescribe <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/wellness/food/articles/2018-04-27/6-myths-about-nutritional-supplements-you-must-know">over-the-counter vitamins</a> called AREDS2, short for Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2. The AREDS2 vitamins contain lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, copper and vitamins C and E.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>AREDS2 is a formula developed after AREDS1, which had a slightly different combination of vitamins. In clinical trials, the AREDS vitamins helped reduce the risk of developing wet macular degeneration by about 25%. The patients in the trials had intermediate macular degeneration or advanced macular degeneration in one eye only. </p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Your eye doctor can help you decide if taking the AREDS formula is right for you. It’s OK for most patients to take AREDS along with their multivitamin, Regillo says. However, always check with your doctor before using them.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Although some people will use AREDS vitamins if they have a family history of age-related macular degeneration and do not have the disease, the vitamins aren’t designed for this particular purpose. “There’s not data to support that this (works),” Wykoff says. However, if you have a mild form of the disease, it can help prevent it from becoming worse.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p><b>Geographic Atrophy</b></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>There are currently no treatments for geographic atrophy. People who have geographic atrophy can lose, on average, one line of vision each year. A line of vision refers to the lines on vision charts that are often at eye doctors' offices, which are used to help measure how well we see. Despite the lack of treatments for now, there are several potential treatments in development or in clinical trials, Wykoff notes, including special eye drops, gene therapy and cell transplantation.</p></div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 jFyEsy lg-hide" spacing="5"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="300x250" data-ad-props="{"type":"rect","mobileType":"mrect","separator":"_","lazy":false,"className":"lg-hide","spacing":5,"spacingTop":5,"dimensions":"300x250","mobileDimensions":"300x250,320x50,300x50","mediaTypes":["banner"],"desktopInitialHeight":250,"mobileInitialHeight":50,"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p><b>Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration</b></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Since the early 2000s, eye doctors have had more reliable treatments to help those with wet age-related macular degeneration. These treatments don’t cure the disease, but they can lessen its effects. In some cases, they can bring back some of the lost vision. “Fortunately, we’ve had a revolution in how we care for [wet] age-related macular degeneration,” Khurana says.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>For wet AMD, there are two Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments called ranibizumab (Lucentis) and aflibercept (Eylea). A third treatment called bevacizumab (Avastin) is also used in some patients, but is not approved by the FDA for macular degeneration. (It's approved to treat certain cancers.) It’s used off-label.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>All of these medications are what are known as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs. The treatments have specific engineered proteins that block the activity of proteins that help build blood vessels, Wykoff says. They can help decrease the number of abnormal blood vessels in the retina and stop these blood vessels from leaking.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>The treatments for wet AMD are given through an injection in the vitreous cavity, which is a gel-filled area of the eye between the front of the eye and the retina. The injections are well tolerated by patients, Regillo says. If you receive one of these injections, your eye doctor will use an antiseptic drop as well as an anesthetic drop. You won’t feel the injection, but you may feel a little pressure in the eye. The injections are given at an eye doctor’s office.</p></div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 jFyEsy lg-hide" spacing="5"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="300x250" data-ad-props="{"type":"rect","mobileType":"mrect","separator":"_","lazy":false,"className":"lg-hide","spacing":5,"spacingTop":5,"dimensions":"300x250","mobileDimensions":"300x250,320x50,300x50","mediaTypes":["banner"],"desktopInitialHeight":250,"mobileInitialHeight":50,"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Ninety percent of the time, the injections given prevent vision from getting worse. In fact, about a third of patients gain some of their vision back, Khurana says. Most of these vision gains happen when the injections first start. The earlier that macular degeneration is detected, the greater chance that treatments can slow disease progression or help bring back lost vision, Wykoff says.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Eye doctors will usually give these injections monthly until they see that signs of the disease have stopped appearing. Most people need to continue injections over their lifetime, Regillo adds. However, the frequency of injections are different for everyone. Some require the injections once a month, while other patients can wait up to six to eight weeks or more between injections. It depends on disease activity in each person.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Photodynamic therapy and laser surgery are older treatment options for age-related macular degeneration and are used much less frequently than anti-VEGF injections.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p><b>Assistive Devices</b></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Many patients with age-related macular degeneration will use low-vision assistive devices, such as magnifiers, special reading glasses, large-print reading materials and other tools and technologies to help them see better. A vision rehabilitation specialist can help you learn how to use these types of devices, according to the AAO.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="render-ad-default__InArticleSpace-boq8av-0 iscxUE mb5 mt6"><div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 czkppk RectToLeaderboardAd__CustomLeaderboardAd-sc-18ls5m1-0 eerTMw"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="728x90" data-ad-props="{"type":"lb","dimensions":"728x90","separator":"_","lazy":false,"borderTop":true,"borderBottom":true,"borderColor":"#D3D7DC","insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"breakpoint":"large","className":"RectToLeaderboardAd__CustomLeaderboardAd-sc-18ls5m1-0 eerTMw","mobileType":"mad","mediaTypes":["banner"],"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 eMRjsm RectToLeaderboardAd__CustomRectAd-sc-18ls5m1-1 fXMqkv"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="300x250" data-ad-props="{"type":"rect","mobileType":"mrect","separator":"_","lazy":false,"breakpoint":"large","className":"RectToLeaderboardAd__CustomRectAd-sc-18ls5m1-1 fXMqkv","dimensions":"300x250","mobileDimensions":"300x250,320x50,300x50","mediaTypes":["banner"],"desktopInitialHeight":250,"mobileInitialHeight":50,"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div></div></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><h2><label data-toc-text="Health Care Providers" id="providers">Health Care Providers That Treat Macular Degeneration</label></h2></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><react-trigger trigger="view"></react-trigger><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><react-trigger trigger="view"></react-trigger><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><h2><label data-toc-text="Prevention" id="prevention">Prevention</label></h2></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>The best way to help prevent or slow age-related macular degeneration is with a dilated <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2019-01-21/what-seniors-need-to-know-about-vision-loss">eye exam every year or every other year, starting at age 50</a>. The AAO recommends getting a baseline dilated eye exam at age 40, Khurana says. This is to help detect other serious eye problems that are seen via a dilated exam. If you have dry age-related macular degeneration, your eye doctor may want you to have a dilated exam more frequently, he adds.</p></div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 jFyEsy lg-hide" spacing="5"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="300x250" data-ad-props="{"type":"rect","mobileType":"mrect","separator":"_","lazy":false,"className":"lg-hide","spacing":5,"spacingTop":5,"dimensions":"300x250","mobileDimensions":"300x250,320x50,300x50","mediaTypes":["banner"],"desktopInitialHeight":250,"mobileInitialHeight":50,"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>These regular eye exams can help monitor for age-related macular degeneration as well as other eye problems that come up as people age, including glaucoma and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/for-better/articles/cataracts-what-to-look-for">cataracts</a>.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Regular dilated eye exams are especially important if you have certain diseases such as diabetes. That's because having diabetes can raise your risk for many types of eye problems, including age-related macular degeneration. Dilated eye checks can help monitor for other diseases, such as <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/health-care/patient-advice/articles/2017-07-18/what-is-diabetic-retinopathy">diabetic retinopathy</a>.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>If you smoke, use whatever resources available you have to quit. Smoking raises the risk for age-related macular degeneration.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>A heart-healthy diet may play a role in decreasing the risk of age-related macular degeneration developing or progressing. Consuming more dark leafy greens, colorful vegetables and cold water fish might help, Regillo notes. Consuming seven ounces of vegetables a day, two servings of fruit and fish twice a week were associated with a lower risk of macular degeneration, according to a 2019 <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30312575" target="_blank">study</a> in the American Journal of Ophthalmology.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>Maintaining normal blood pressure and cholesterol numbers also may have a positive effect on keeping age-related macular degeneration away.</p></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p>If you suspect you have age-related macular degeneration, it’s important to see an eye doctor. “It’s important to know if you have wet or dry AMD. Don’t assume that you know which one it is,” Wykoff says.</p></div><div class="Ad__Container-sc-1ah7c5n-0 jFyEsy lg-hide" spacing="5"><div id="ad" class="ad" data-dimensions="300x250" data-ad-props="{"type":"rect","mobileType":"mrect","separator":"_","lazy":false,"className":"lg-hide","spacing":5,"spacingTop":5,"dimensions":"300x250","mobileDimensions":"300x250,320x50,300x50","mediaTypes":["banner"],"desktopInitialHeight":250,"mobileInitialHeight":50,"bidders":true,"targeting":{},"scrollRefresh":false,"outOfPage":false,"visibilityOffset":300,"insetSpacing":1,"autoRefresh":false,"disableInitialHeight":false}"></div></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><h2><label data-toc-text="Related Articles" id="related-articles">Related Articles</label></h2></div><div class="Raw-slyvem-0 bCYKCn"><p></p></div><react-trigger trigger="view"><div spacing="6" class="related-articles__LoadMoreSection-sc-7t4v99-0 gUoQpn"><div class="LoadMoreWrapper__Container-zwyk5c-0 eLsfbZ"><div class="Box-w0dun1-0 MediaObject__Container-sc-19vl09d-0 knONpq jNLpAT story story" spacing="4"><div class="Box-w0dun1-0 MediaObject__Content-sc-19vl09d-3 dWWnRo lhdCWz"><p class="Heading-sc-1w5xk2o-0 Kicker__KickerBlock-k30x22-0 cyfevJ kQavME"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/conditions" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 Kicker__KickerAnchor-k30x22-1 PlBer bpOKWX">Conditions</a></p><h3 class="Heading-sc-1w5xk2o-0 ctIhvB story-headline"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/conditions/articles/presbyopia" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 hWoTvt">What Is Presbyopia? 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203145639/https://health.usnews.com/conditions/articles/contact-lenses-coronavirus-risk" class="Anchor-byh49a-0 hWoTvt">Do Contact Lenses Increase the Risk for a Coronavirus Infection?</a></h3><p class="Paragraph-sc-1iyax29-0 hoVLCB Hide-kg09cx-0 hWOBmI">The coronavirus can spread through the eyes, so to avoid touching them it’s best to wear glasses for now.</p><p class="Paragraph-sc-1iyax29-0 Byline-sc-7cv027-0 hnLxKw eInBRL"><span size="2" class="Span-sc-19wk4id-0 MediaObject__AuthorSpan-sc-19vl09d-6 lnnsuc cpEGnO sm-hide"><span size="2" class="Span-sc-19wk4id-0 MediaObject__AuthorName-sc-19vl09d-5 lnnsuc lgGpza"><span></span>David Levine</span></span><span class="sm-hide">May 5, 2020</span></p></div><div class="Box-w0dun1-0 MediaObject__ImageContainer-sc-19vl09d-1 dWWnRo hcnlit"><a class="Anchor-byh49a-0 PlBer story-image" aria-label="Do Contact Lenses Increase the Risk for a Coronavirus Infection?" 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In fact, 11 million people in the U.S. have some type of age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation. That number is expected to double by 2050 as the population ..."}],"utag_data":{"bucket_tags":["atlasconditionguide","condition-guide-related-eye-disease","conditions","patient-advice"],"article_byline":"Vanessa Caceres ","page_type":"profile","site_product_section":"profile","site_product":"Conditions","suppress_img_flag":true,"site_portal":"Wellness","primary_tag":"conditions","article_publish_date":"2019-09-10","site_product_subsection":"Macular Degeneration","content_type":"product","page_name":"Macular Degeneration: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment | US News","site_vertical":"Health","byline_type":"Contributor","article_template":"article-rail","stitial_fact":"The key risk factors for heart disease are high blood pressure, high LDL cholesterol and smoking. 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Caceres ,eye problems,eye health,macular degeneration,ophthalmology,patient advice,atlasconditionguide,condition-guide-related-eye-disease,Conditions,Patient Advice","zone":"edit","description":"Learn about the symptoms, causes and treatment options in the macular degeneration condition guide at U.S. News and World Report.","robots":"max-image-preview:large","title":"Macular Degeneration: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment | US 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In fact, 11 million people in the U.S. have some type of age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation. That number is expected to double by 2050 as the population ages. By 2020, an estimated 196 million people will be living with age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation, a nonprofit that supports research and education about eye and brain diseases.Our eyes have a retina, a thin tissue layer in the back of the eye that helps us sense light and send images of what we are seeing to our brain. One part of the retina is called the macula, and the macula gives us the crisp vision we need for common tasks like reading or driving.Sometimes called ARMD or AMD (they are the same thing), age-related macular degeneration occurs when the macula doesn't work like it should. Although macular degeneration typically doesn't hurt, it can affect your ability to see well. Age-related macular degeneration can lead to a loss of the central part of vision needed for important daily tasks or for seeing things like faces clearly, says Dr. Rahul Khurana, an American Academy of Ophthalmology spokesperson who practices at Northern California Retina Vitreous Associates in Daly City, California. Your peripheral vision remains.A couple of decades ago, a diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration was a “one-way ticket to blindness,” Khurana explains. Nowadays, there are treatments available to help slow its progression, along with many other potential treatments in clinical trials.According to the American Macular Degeneration Foundation, \"There are two basic types of macular degeneration: dry and wet. Approximately 85% to 90% of the cases\" are dry.In addition, there are four stages of macular degeneration, ranging in severity from mild to severe. People in the advanced stages of the disease are considered legally blind.Dry\u002Fearly age-related macular degeneration. Dry age-related macular degeneration is the most common form of the disease, with nearly 90% of cases in this category. Most early cases of macular degeneration remain mild and don’t affect vision, says Dr. Carl Regillo, chief of retina service at Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, in Philadelphia. However, it still requires regular monitoring as there’s a small chance that it will progress into another form of age-related macular degeneration.Intermediate age-related macular degeneration. Intermediate age-related macular degeneration also is a dry form of the disease. It usually is associated with some vision loss. Before the wet stage occurs, there is always some form of dry age-related macular degeneration.Geographic atrophy. Although geographic atrophy is still a dry form of age-related macular degeneration, it is associated with more vision loss than the early or intermediate stages. For this reason, it’s considered an advanced form of the disease. Geographic atrophy can turn into wet age-related macular degeneration.Wet age-related macular degeneration. Wet age-related macular degeneration is also called advanced disease or neovascular age-related macular degeneration. It’s associated with the growth of abnormal blood vessels beneath the retina. These vessels may leak blood. Vision loss tends to be faster with wet age-related macular degeneration and is responsible for 90% of the vision loss from AMD, Khurana says. You can have both geographic atrophy and wet age-related macular degeneration in the same eye.If wet age-related macular degeneration is caught early enough, you can usually preserve most of your vision.The exact causes of age-related macular degeneration are not always clear, although it's associated with aging, starting at age 50 and onward. Genetics, smoking and being white all have a role as well. Here's more information on the causes of macular degeneration.Aging – specifically, being age 50 or older. “Age is part of the name and diagnosis,” says Dr. Charles Wykoff of Retina Consultants Houston in Houston. The risk for age-related macular degeneration significantly grows with each passing decade starting in the 50s, Wykoff says.Genetics, including a family history of age-related macular degeneration. There are dozens of genes associated with the disease, but genetic testing is not recommended by the AAO for the detection of age-related macular degeneration at this point because there is no perceived treatment benefit from the results, Khurana says.Being white. In 2010, 89% of those who had age-related macular degeneration were white, according to the National Eye Institute.Smoking. “Smoking doubles your risk, giving you another reason to quit,” Khurana says.Heart disease. Having a stroke or heart attack can increase your risk of developing age-related macular degeneration. Estimates vary among studies, but researchers have frequently found a link between heart disease and the occurrence of macular degeneration.Initially, you may not notice any symptoms if you have age-related macular degeneration. Some people who live a long time with a mild form may never notice a change in vision.Symptoms of age-related macular degeneration include:Blurry vision.Seeing black or dark areas in your central vision.Vision that appears darker than before.Trouble reading.Difficulty seeing details in both close and far vision.“Imagine you are looking at a clock with hands. With age-related macular degeneration, you might see the clock’s numbers but not the hands,” according to the AAO.The symptoms of age-related macular degeneration may appear in one or both eyes. Sometimes, you could have age-related macular degeneration in one eye but not notice the symptoms because your other eye still sees well. It’s possible to have different stages of disease in each eye – or have disease in one eye but not in the other.If you have these symptoms, you should see an eye doctor for a dilated eye exam. Although these are the typical symptoms associated with age-related macular degeneration, the disease may go undetected, especially if you have dry age-related macular degeneration, Khurana says.It's important to get diagnosed early because you have a better chance of preserving vision.The most common way that macular degeneration is diagnosed is with a dilated eye exam at a doctor’s office. A dilated eye exam is one of the most reliable ways that eye doctors can detect certain diseases, such as macular degeneration and glaucoma. During a dilated eye exam, you’ll receive special drops that allow the doctor to see the back of the eye, including the retina, macula and optic nerve. These drops make your eyes appear wider. Your eye doctor also may use something called an Amsler grid that can help measure changes or loss of your central vision.When checking for age-related macular degeneration, your doctor will look for signs of disease that are not visible to you, such as:Yellow-colored deposits called drusen.Blood vessel growth that is abnormal.Blood vessels that leak fluid.Deposits of pigment underneath the retina.Although some drusen are normal with age, medium or large drusen can indicate that you have age-related macular degeneration, according to the NEI. As drusen become bigger, the risk of dry age-related macular degeneration becoming wet age-related macular degeneration grows.The items that eye doctors are looking for, such as drusen and abnormal blood vessels, only can be seen with a dilated eye exam or with special technology. Eye doctors also use a kind of imaging called optical coherence tomography, or OCT, which uses light waves to get pictures of sections of the retina. OCT testing doesn't hurt; you just place your head on a chin rest while images of your eye are taken with OCT.Another test used to diagnose AMD is a fluorescein angiogram. This consists of injecting a fluorescent dye in your arm and taking pictures as the colored dye passes through your eye’s blood vessels, according to the NEI. This helps eye doctors to see leaking blood vessels that are part of wet age-related macular degeneration.Your eye doctor will combine the imaging results along with the exam findings to diagnose age-related macular degeneration, Wykoff says.The treatment for age-related macular degeneration depends on the type that you have. However, early detection is always helpful in preserving your vision. Dry Age-Related Macular DegenerationThere are no treatments for the dry forms of age-related macular degeneration. If you have dry age-related macular degeneration, your eye doctor will likely prescribe over-the-counter vitamins called AREDS2, short for Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2. The AREDS2 vitamins contain lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, copper and vitamins C and E.AREDS2 is a formula developed after AREDS1, which had a slightly different combination of vitamins. In clinical trials, the AREDS vitamins helped reduce the risk of developing wet macular degeneration by about 25%. The patients in the trials had intermediate macular degeneration or advanced macular degeneration in one eye only. Your eye doctor can help you decide if taking the AREDS formula is right for you. It’s OK for most patients to take AREDS along with their multivitamin, Regillo says. However, always check with your doctor before using them.Although some people will use AREDS vitamins if they have a family history of age-related macular degeneration and do not have the disease, the vitamins aren’t designed for this particular purpose. “There’s not data to support that this (works),” Wykoff says. However, if you have a mild form of the disease, it can help prevent it from becoming worse.Geographic AtrophyThere are currently no treatments for geographic atrophy. People who have geographic atrophy can lose, on average, one line of vision each year. A line of vision refers to the lines on vision charts that are often at eye doctors' offices, which are used to help measure how well we see. Despite the lack of treatments for now, there are several potential treatments in development or in clinical trials, Wykoff notes, including special eye drops, gene therapy and cell transplantation.Wet Age-Related Macular DegenerationSince the early 2000s, eye doctors have had more reliable treatments to help those with wet age-related macular degeneration. These treatments don’t cure the disease, but they can lessen its effects. In some cases, they can bring back some of the lost vision. “Fortunately, we’ve had a revolution in how we care for [wet] age-related macular degeneration,” Khurana says.For wet AMD, there are two Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments called ranibizumab (Lucentis) and aflibercept (Eylea). A third treatment called bevacizumab (Avastin) is also used in some patients, but is not approved by the FDA for macular degeneration. (It's approved to treat certain cancers.) It’s used off-label.All of these medications are what are known as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs. The treatments have specific engineered proteins that block the activity of proteins that help build blood vessels, Wykoff says. They can help decrease the number of abnormal blood vessels in the retina and stop these blood vessels from leaking.The treatments for wet AMD are given through an injection in the vitreous cavity, which is a gel-filled area of the eye between the front of the eye and the retina. The injections are well tolerated by patients, Regillo says. If you receive one of these injections, your eye doctor will use an antiseptic drop as well as an anesthetic drop. You won’t feel the injection, but you may feel a little pressure in the eye. The injections are given at an eye doctor’s office.Ninety percent of the time, the injections given prevent vision from getting worse. In fact, about a third of patients gain some of their vision back, Khurana says. Most of these vision gains happen when the injections first start. The earlier that macular degeneration is detected, the greater chance that treatments can slow disease progression or help bring back lost vision, Wykoff says.Eye doctors will usually give these injections monthly until they see that signs of the disease have stopped appearing. Most people need to continue injections over their lifetime, Regillo adds. However, the frequency of injections are different for everyone. Some require the injections once a month, while other patients can wait up to six to eight weeks or more between injections. It depends on disease activity in each person.Photodynamic therapy and laser surgery are older treatment options for age-related macular degeneration and are used much less frequently than anti-VEGF injections.Assistive DevicesMany patients with age-related macular degeneration will use low-vision assistive devices, such as magnifiers, special reading glasses, large-print reading materials and other tools and technologies to help them see better. A vision rehabilitation specialist can help you learn how to use these types of devices, according to the AAO.The best way to help prevent or slow age-related macular degeneration is with a dilated eye exam every year or every other year, starting at age 50. The AAO recommends getting a baseline dilated eye exam at age 40, Khurana says. This is to help detect other serious eye problems that are seen via a dilated exam. If you have dry age-related macular degeneration, your eye doctor may want you to have a dilated exam more frequently, he adds.These regular eye exams can help monitor for age-related macular degeneration as well as other eye problems that come up as people age, including glaucoma and cataracts.Regular dilated eye exams are especially important if you have certain diseases such as diabetes. That's because having diabetes can raise your risk for many types of eye problems, including age-related macular degeneration. Dilated eye checks can help monitor for other diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy.If you smoke, use whatever resources available you have to quit. Smoking raises the risk for age-related macular degeneration.A heart-healthy diet may play a role in decreasing the risk of age-related macular degeneration developing or progressing. Consuming more dark leafy greens, colorful vegetables and cold water fish might help, Regillo notes. Consuming seven ounces of vegetables a day, two servings of fruit and fish twice a week were associated with a lower risk of macular degeneration, according to a 2019 study in the American Journal of Ophthalmology.Maintaining normal blood pressure and cholesterol numbers also may have a positive effect on keeping age-related macular degeneration away.If you suspect you have age-related macular degeneration, it’s important to see an eye doctor. “It’s important to know if you have wet or dry AMD. Don’t assume that you know which one it is,” Wykoff says.","@type":"NewsArticle","author":[{"image":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fbdabb2a\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F2b%2F12%2F7a23955947d5b9367cf91bec4fbe%2Fvanessa-caceres.jpg","@type":"Person","jobTitle":"Contributor","name":"Vanessa Caceres ","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fvanessa-caceres"}],"description":"Learn about the symptoms, causes and treatment options in the macular degeneration condition guide at U.S. News and World Report.","dateModified":"2019-09-10T12:07-0400","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","name":"A Patient's Guide to Macular Degeneration","@id":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Feye-disease\u002Fmacular-degeneration","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Feye-disease\u002Fmacular-degeneration"},"@context":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttp:\u002F\u002Fwww.schema.org","datePublished":"2019-09-10T12:07-0400","dateCreated":"2019-09-10T12:07-0400","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"U.S. News & World Report","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","width":193,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fimages\u002Fusn-logo-print.png","height":46}},"headline":"A Patient's Guide to Macular Degeneration","thumbnailUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F96ae09b\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F80x60\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2Fe9%2F9a%2F18f859c649a9871e81169f8480e8%2F190910-oldereyes-stock.jpg"}}},"src\u002Fcontainers\u002Fpages\u002Fhealth\u002Fconditions\u002Fguide\u002Findex.js":{"data":{"context":{"copyright":{"role":"Contributor","id":"00000143-5939-d71d-af4f-dd3b6afd0000","permalink":"","status":"Standard Contract – Individual"},"featured":false,"deck":"Learn about the symptoms, causes and treatment options for this age-related eye disease.","no_autogen":false,"noindex_override":false,"remove_superhero_gradient":false,"section":null,"guide_name":"Macular Degeneration","body":["\u003Cp\u003EAge-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of vision loss in those who are age 50 or older. In fact, 11 million people in the U.S. have some type of age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation. That number is expected to double by 2050 as the population ages. By 2020, an estimated 196 million people will be living with age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation, a nonprofit that supports research and education about eye and brain diseases.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Fleaderboard-b.nunj","static_template":true,"id":"00000156-523e-d46d-a956-573fb84f0000","label":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Fleaderboard-b.nunj"},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Overview\" id=\"overview\"\u003EWhat Is Macular Degeneration?\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EOur eyes have a retina, a thin tissue layer in the back of the eye that helps us sense light and send images of what we are seeing to our brain. One part of the retina is called the macula, and the macula gives us the crisp vision we need for common tasks like reading or driving.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003ESometimes called ARMD or AMD (they are the same thing), age-related macular degeneration occurs when the macula doesn't work like it should. Although macular degeneration typically doesn't hurt, it can affect your ability to see well. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAge-related macular degeneration can lead to a loss of the central part of vision needed for important daily tasks or for seeing things like faces clearly, says Dr. Rahul Khurana, an American Academy of Ophthalmology spokesperson who practices at Northern California Retina Vitreous Associates in Daly City, California. Your peripheral vision remains.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EA couple of decades ago, a diagnosis of age-related \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2018-02-23\u002Fmacular-degeneration-managing-this-vision-condition\"\u003Emacular degeneration\u003C\u002Fa\u003E was a “one-way ticket to blindness,” Khurana explains. Nowadays, there are treatments available to help slow its progression, along with many other potential treatments in clinical trials.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"promo-list-enhancement","data":{"id":"0000016d-1bd7-d44f-a3ed-bfd730d00000","permalink":"","articles":{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fcontainer\u002Fvertical.nunj","disable_sticky":true,"permalink":"","items":[{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fmedia-object\u002Fpromo-%AREA%.nunj","image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fc9\u002F4e\u002F799230d54ca4940b4f86babb5bfe\u002F150622-eyeexamination-stock.jpg","caption":"A man has an eye examination.","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"150622_EyeExamination","resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F0000014e-1c08-db5a-a1ee-3d8f2e930000\u002F150622-eyeexamination-stock.jpg?update-time=1435346184719","update_time":1435346184719,"alt_text":"A man has an eye examination.","width":0,"id":"0000014e-1c08-db5a-a1ee-3d8f2e930000","credit":"(Getty Images)","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0,"taggable_publish_date":"2015-06-22T16:12:08.409Z"},"sources":[{"name":"Dianna L. Seldomridge, MD","id":"0000016c-06b9-d136-a9ed-6ffb9f130000","permalink":""},{"name":"Mona Adeli, MD","id":"0000016c-06bc-d136-a9ed-6fffcaaf0000","permalink":""},{"name":"Rishi Singh, MD","id":"0000016c-06c2-d136-a9ed-6fc37acf0000","permalink":""}],"heading":"A Patient’s Guide to Eye Disease","deck":"Learn about the different types of eye diseases, as well as symptoms, causes and treatment options.","short_headline":"A Patient’s Guide to Eye Disease","blurb":"Learn about the different types of eye diseases, as well as symptoms, causes and treatment options.","black_text":false,"is_logo":false,"id":"0000016c-1a3a-ddc2-a5fc-1fff88940000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Feye-disease","overline":{"pull_cta_url":false,"pull_short_headline":false,"new_window":false,"text":"Conditions","permalink":"","type":"internal-profile","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions","campaign_id":"Conditions"},"headline":"A Patient’s Guide to Eye Disease","publications":[],"authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F6d\u002F82\u002F922a73b048ff9f6114ab235ec604\u002Felaine-k-howley.jpg","caption":"Elaine K. Howley","title":"Elaine_K._Howley_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf31e90000\u002Felaine-k-howley.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Elaine K. Howley","width":0,"id":"00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf31e90000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"website":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.elainekhowley.com\u002F","education":"Georgetown University, Emerson College","role":"Contributor","short_bio":"Elaine Howley began writing for U.S. News in 2017, covering breast cancer and COPD. Since then, her reporting has evolved to cover lung cancer, senior care issues, doctor finding and other aspects of modern health care. Ms. Howley has over two decades of experience and has earned several writing awards.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fb28125c\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F6d%2F82%2F922a73b048ff9f6114ab235ec604%2Felaine-k-howley.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EElaine Howley\u003C\u002Fb\u003E began writing for U.S. News in 2017, covering breast cancer and COPD. Since then, her reporting has evolved to cover lung cancer, senior care issues, doctor finding and other aspects of modern health care. Howley has over two decades of experience.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EPrior to writing for U.S. News, Howley worked as Publications Manager for U.S. Masters Swimming and Managing Editor of SWIMMER magazine. Her freelance work has also appeared in a variety of print and online publications including 5280 magazine, AARP.org, Atlas Obscura, espnW and Outdoor Swimmer magazine based in the United Kingdom. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EShe is a member in good standing of the American Society of Journalists and Authors and the Association of Health Care Journalists. Specializing in health, sports and history topics, Howley has earned several writing awards, placing first in the Writer’s Digest Annual Writing Competition for four years - 2012, 2013, 2020 and 2021 - for her feature profile stories that appeared in SWIMMER magazine and Outdoor Swimmer magazine. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EA southern New Jersey native, Howley earned a bachelor’s degree from Georgetown University (German language and studio art double major) and a master’s degree in publishing and writing from Emerson College in Boston. In addition to her writing, she is also a working artist, specializing in pastel portraits of animals. She currently lives in greater Boston. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Felainekhowley\u002F","experience":"Journalism, Editing","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Femkhowley","name":"Elaine K. Howley","id":"0000015a-4cf7-dd9c-adff-eef78c050000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Felaine-k-howley"}],"pubdate":"July 22, 2019"},{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fmedia-object\u002Fpromo-%AREA%.nunj","image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F0b\u002Fe7\u002Fe7b703104ac5b53c5a1e063b849c\u002F171212-cataractsurgery-stock.jpg","caption":"The only treatment option for cataracts is surgery.","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"171212_CataractSurgery","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000160-4977-dc60-af7a-49f719bf0000\u002F171212-cataractsurgery-stock.jpg?update-time=1563985124071","update_time":1563985124071,"alt_text":"Close-up image of ophthalmologist ready to perform surgery","width":2120,"id":"00000160-4977-dc60-af7a-49f719bf0000","credit":"(Getty Images)","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":1414,"taggable_publish_date":"2017-12-12T06:44:39.582Z"},"sources":[],"heading":"Cataracts: What to Look For","deck":"Nearly 25 million Americans have cataracts, and the only treatment is surgery.","short_headline":"Cataracts: What to Look For","blurb":"Nearly 25 million Americans have cataracts, and the only treatment is surgery.","black_text":false,"is_logo":false,"id":"0000016b-6b5e-d382-a36b-eb7eef840000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Ffor-better\u002Farticles\u002Fcataracts-what-to-look-for","overline":{"pull_cta_url":false,"pull_short_headline":false,"new_window":false,"text":"For Better","permalink":"","type":"internal-profile","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-news\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Ffor-better","campaign_id":"For Better"},"headline":"Cataracts: What to Look For","publications":[],"authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F6c\u002F21\u002Fdd3f33e849808e182198369cb667\u002Fjimmy-lee-md.jpg","caption":"Jimmy Lee","title":"Jimmy_Lee_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61bf-d187-a5cb-ffbf56700000\u002Fjimmy-lee-md.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Jimmy Lee","width":0,"id":"00000180-61bf-d187-a5cb-ffbf56700000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"role":"Contributor","credentials":"MD","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F479cacf\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F6c%2F21%2Fdd3f33e849808e182198369cb667%2Fjimmy-lee-md.jpg","name":"Jimmy Lee","bio":"\u003Cb data-rte2-sanitize=\"bold\"\u003EJimmy K. Lee, MD,\u003C\u002Fb\u003E is Director of Cornea and Refractive Surgery at Montefiore Medical Center and Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. He specializes in laser vision correction surgery. His surgical expertise also includes complex cataract surgery, anterior segment reconstruction, all forms of corneal transplantation and limbal stem cell transplantation. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EDr. Lee’s research interests are new technologies in refractive surgery and improving surgical techniques for endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK and DMEK), artificial intelligence to improve cataract surgery outcomes and nanoparticle drug delivery. A member of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, he has extensively lectured nationally and internationally on these topics.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EA Phi Beta Kappa\u003Ci data-rte2-sanitize=\"italic\"\u003E \u003C\u002Fi\u003Egraduate from Johns Hopkins University, Dr. Lee obtained his medical degree from Cornell University Medical College. Following his residency at Albert Einstein Montefiore Hospital, he completed a fellowship in cornea, external diseases and refractive surgery at the Wilmer Eye Institute of The Johns Hopkins Hospital and is a Diplomate of the American Board of Ophthalmology. ","id":"0000016b-6b82-d382-a36b-ebba7ce80000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fjimmy-lee-md"}],"pubdate":"June 25, 2019"},{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fmedia-object\u002Fpromo-%AREA%.nunj","image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fc8\u002F09\u002Ff96cd6d0433d811b164eb797054a\u002F190118-olderman-stock.jpg","caption":"Common eye conditions that occur later in life include cataracts, macular degeneration and glaucoma.","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"190118_OlderMan","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000168-62e3-da16-abee-72e7e66e0000\u002F190118-olderman-stock.jpg?update-time=1547847385094","update_time":1547847385094,"width":2121,"id":"00000168-62e3-da16-abee-72e7e66e0000","credit":"(Getty Images)","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":1414,"taggable_publish_date":"2019-01-18T21:36:08.529Z"},"heading":"Helping Seniors Deal With Vision Loss","short_headline":"Helping Seniors Deal With Vision Loss","deck":"Some conditions are a function of age, while others have age as a risk factor.","blurb":"Some conditions are a function of age, while others have age as a risk factor.","black_text":false,"is_logo":false,"id":"00000168-5d42-d6e3-adea-dffb6cc70000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2019-01-21\u002Fwhat-seniors-need-to-know-about-vision-loss","overline":{"pull_cta_url":false,"pull_short_headline":false,"new_window":false,"text":"Patient Advice","permalink":"","type":"internal-profile","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fsubjects\u002Fpatient-advice","campaign_id":"Patient Advice"},"headline":"What Seniors Need to Know About Vision Loss","authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F6d\u002F82\u002F922a73b048ff9f6114ab235ec604\u002Felaine-k-howley.jpg","caption":"Elaine K. 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Ms. Howley has over two decades of experience and has earned several writing awards.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fb28125c\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F6d%2F82%2F922a73b048ff9f6114ab235ec604%2Felaine-k-howley.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EElaine Howley\u003C\u002Fb\u003E began writing for U.S. News in 2017, covering breast cancer and COPD. Since then, her reporting has evolved to cover lung cancer, senior care issues, doctor finding and other aspects of modern health care. Howley has over two decades of experience.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EPrior to writing for U.S. News, Howley worked as Publications Manager for U.S. Masters Swimming and Managing Editor of SWIMMER magazine. Her freelance work has also appeared in a variety of print and online publications including 5280 magazine, AARP.org, Atlas Obscura, espnW and Outdoor Swimmer magazine based in the United Kingdom. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EShe is a member in good standing of the American Society of Journalists and Authors and the Association of Health Care Journalists. Specializing in health, sports and history topics, Howley has earned several writing awards, placing first in the Writer’s Digest Annual Writing Competition for four years - 2012, 2013, 2020 and 2021 - for her feature profile stories that appeared in SWIMMER magazine and Outdoor Swimmer magazine. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EA southern New Jersey native, Howley earned a bachelor’s degree from Georgetown University (German language and studio art double major) and a master’s degree in publishing and writing from Emerson College in Boston. In addition to her writing, she is also a working artist, specializing in pastel portraits of animals. She currently lives in greater Boston. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Felainekhowley\u002F","experience":"Journalism, Editing","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Femkhowley","name":"Elaine K. Howley","id":"0000015a-4cf7-dd9c-adff-eef78c050000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Felaine-k-howley"}],"pubdate":"Jan. 21, 2019"},{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fmedia-object\u002Fpromo-%AREA%.nunj","image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fa4\u002F50\u002F5bd5b1a145609331f5bbd5b4403c\u002F150702-ophthalmologistpatient-stock.jpg","caption":"Ophthalmologists go through 12 to 15 years of training, and should not be confused with optometrists or opticians.","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"150702_OphthalmologistPatient","resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F0000014e-4f16-d06e-af7e-4f3781530000\u002F150702-ophthalmologistpatient-stock.jpg?update-time=1435846008574","update_time":1435846008574,"alt_text":"An ophthalmologist listens to her patient.","width":0,"id":"0000014e-4f16-d06e-af7e-4f3781530000","credit":"(Getty Images)","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0,"taggable_publish_date":"2015-07-02T14:06:43.183Z"},"heading":"How Do I Find the Best Ophthalmologist?","deck":"Look for a doctor who listens to your concerns and has the right expertise for your problem.","short_headline":"How Do I Find the Best Ophthalmologist?","blurb":"Look for a doctor who listens to your concerns and has the right expertise for your problem.","black_text":false,"is_logo":false,"id":"00000162-cf7d-debc-a7e6-fffffb2d0000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2018-04-18\u002Fhow-do-i-find-the-best-ophthalmologist","overline":{"pull_cta_url":false,"pull_short_headline":false,"new_window":false,"text":"Patient Advice","permalink":"","type":"internal-profile","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fsubjects\u002Fpatient-advice","campaign_id":"Patient Advice"},"headline":"How Do I Find the Best Ophthalmologist?","authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F6d\u002F82\u002F922a73b048ff9f6114ab235ec604\u002Felaine-k-howley.jpg","caption":"Elaine K. Howley","title":"Elaine_K._Howley_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf31e90000\u002Felaine-k-howley.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Elaine K. Howley","width":0,"id":"00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf31e90000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"website":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.elainekhowley.com\u002F","education":"Georgetown University, Emerson College","role":"Contributor","short_bio":"Elaine Howley began writing for U.S. News in 2017, covering breast cancer and COPD. Since then, her reporting has evolved to cover lung cancer, senior care issues, doctor finding and other aspects of modern health care. Ms. Howley has over two decades of experience and has earned several writing awards.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fb28125c\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F6d%2F82%2F922a73b048ff9f6114ab235ec604%2Felaine-k-howley.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EElaine Howley\u003C\u002Fb\u003E began writing for U.S. News in 2017, covering breast cancer and COPD. Since then, her reporting has evolved to cover lung cancer, senior care issues, doctor finding and other aspects of modern health care. Howley has over two decades of experience.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EPrior to writing for U.S. News, Howley worked as Publications Manager for U.S. Masters Swimming and Managing Editor of SWIMMER magazine. Her freelance work has also appeared in a variety of print and online publications including 5280 magazine, AARP.org, Atlas Obscura, espnW and Outdoor Swimmer magazine based in the United Kingdom. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EShe is a member in good standing of the American Society of Journalists and Authors and the Association of Health Care Journalists. Specializing in health, sports and history topics, Howley has earned several writing awards, placing first in the Writer’s Digest Annual Writing Competition for four years - 2012, 2013, 2020 and 2021 - for her feature profile stories that appeared in SWIMMER magazine and Outdoor Swimmer magazine. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EA southern New Jersey native, Howley earned a bachelor’s degree from Georgetown University (German language and studio art double major) and a master’s degree in publishing and writing from Emerson College in Boston. In addition to her writing, she is also a working artist, specializing in pastel portraits of animals. She currently lives in greater Boston. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Felainekhowley\u002F","experience":"Journalism, Editing","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Femkhowley","name":"Elaine K. Howley","id":"0000015a-4cf7-dd9c-adff-eef78c050000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Felaine-k-howley"}],"pubdate":"April 18, 2018"},{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fmedia-object\u002Fpromo-%AREA%.nunj","image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fc9\u002Fee\u002Fe8e033a24bcba3e8c2557531befd\u002F141201-cataractsurgery-stock.jpg","caption":"\u003Cdiv\u003EA surgeon conducts a cataract operation.\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"141201_CataractSurgery","tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F0000014a-0646-d98f-a5da-1ec65a640000\u002F141201-cataractsurgery-stock.jpg?update-time=1417444701188","update_time":1417444701188,"alt_text":"A surgeon conducts a cataract operation.","width":0,"id":"0000014a-0646-d98f-a5da-1ec65a640000","credit":"(iStockPhoto)","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0,"taggable_publish_date":"2014-12-01T14:38:20.943Z"},"heading":"Could Treating Vision Loss Help Older Adults Live Longer?","deck":"Research finds cataract surgery is associated with lower mortality – though it’s not clear why.","short_headline":"Could Treating Vision Loss Help Older Adults Live Longer?","blurb":"Research finds cataract surgery is associated with lower mortality – though it’s not clear why.","black_text":false,"is_logo":false,"id":"00000160-3790-dc60-af7a-7f906dd80000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2017-12-12\u002Fcould-treating-vision-loss-help-older-adults-live-longer","overline":{"pull_cta_url":false,"pull_short_headline":false,"new_window":false,"text":"Patient Advice","permalink":"","type":"internal-profile","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fsubjects\u002Fpatient-advice","campaign_id":"Patient Advice"},"headline":"Could Treating Vision Loss Help Older Adults Live Longer?","authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F49\u002F30\u002F214edd8848ff83dec20a3e1719b1\u002Fmichael-o-schroeder.jpg","caption":"Michael O. Schroeder","title":"Michael_O._Schroeder_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61b1-d187-a5cb-ffbd4b090000\u002Fmichael-o-schroeder.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Michael O. Schroeder","width":0,"id":"00000180-61b1-d187-a5cb-ffbd4b090000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"education":"Wabash College; Indiana University","role":"Former Staff Writer","short_bio":"Michael O. Schroeder was a health editor at U.S. News from 2015-2020. With over two decades of experience, he wrote health stories on a wide range of topics from mental health to medication side effects, and he managed the blog For Parents. Schroeder is also an active member of the Association of Health Care Journalists.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F77c9e7e\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F49%2F30%2F214edd8848ff83dec20a3e1719b1%2Fmichael-o-schroeder.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EMichael O. Schroede\u003C\u002Fb\u003Er was a health editor at U.S. News from 2015-2020. With over two decades of experience, he wrote health stories on a wide range of topics from mental health to medication side effects, and he managed the blog \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fwellness\u002Ffor-parents\"\u003EFor Parents\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003ESchroeder reported on health and wellness since 2005, and he's also covered everything from business news to governmental affairs for various newspapers. His stories have also been published in HuffPost, MSN, Yahoo!, WTOP, The Washington Post and The Indianapolis Star. He's also an active member of the Association of Health Care Journalists. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003ESchroeder has a bachelor’s degree in English from Wabash College and a master’s degree in journalism from Indiana University. ","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Fmichael-schroeder-b4b3765\u002F","experience":"Journalism","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002F@mikeschroederin","email_address":"mschroeder@usnews.com","name":"Michael O. Schroeder","id":"0000014c-5b46-d82a-affe-df56133e0000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fmichael-o-schroeder"}],"pubdate":"Dec. 12, 2017"},{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fmedia-object\u002Fpromo-%AREA%.nunj","image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F8e\u002Fb4\u002F3504e88f452d8041af0af5429cf4\u002F180223-maculardegeneration-stock.jpg","caption":"Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of visual loss in the U.S.","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"180223_MacularDegeneration","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000161-c3f5-d0bf-a9e7-d7f761500000\u002F180223-maculardegeneration-stock.jpg?update-time=1519411178567","update_time":1519411178567,"alt_text":"Senior Male With Macular Degeneration","width":2000,"id":"00000161-c3f5-d0bf-a9e7-d7f761500000","credit":"(Getty Images)","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":1333,"taggable_publish_date":"2018-02-23T18:39:37.679Z"},"heading":"Macular Degeneration: Managing This Vision Condition","short_headline":"Macular Degeneration: Managing This Vision Condition","deck":"Early treatment and vision rehabilitation help people stay independent and see as well as possible. ","blurb":"Early treatment and vision rehabilitation help people stay independent and see as well as possible. ","black_text":false,"is_logo":false,"id":"00000161-bb66-d66b-abf9-fbfe5fcc0001","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2018-02-23\u002Fmacular-degeneration-managing-this-vision-condition","overline":{"pull_cta_url":false,"pull_short_headline":false,"new_window":false,"text":"Patient Advice","permalink":"","type":"internal-profile","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fsubjects\u002Fpatient-advice","campaign_id":"Patient Advice"},"headline":"Macular Degeneration: Managing This Vision Condition","authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F9c\u002F78\u002Ff74f58654f3f9fcc5f613dbcaf25\u002Flisa-esposito.jpg","caption":"Lisa Esposito","title":"Lisa_Esposito_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61ae-d187-a5cb-ffbf46da0000\u002Flisa-esposito.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Lisa Esposito","width":0,"id":"00000180-61ae-d187-a5cb-ffbf46da0000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"education":"University of Maryland, Georgetown University","role":"Staff Writer","short_bio":"Lisa Esposito has been a patient advice reporter for U.S. News since 2014, writing about medical and mental health conditions, healthy aging and how patients can receive better hospital care. She has over two decades of experience. In 2016, she won a Media Orthopaedic Reporting Excellence award. ","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fc14a52b\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F9c%2F78%2Ff74f58654f3f9fcc5f613dbcaf25%2Flisa-esposito.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003ELisa Esposito\u003C\u002Fb\u003E has been a patient advice reporter for U.S. News since 2014, writing about medical and mental health conditions, healthy aging and how patients can receive better hospital care. She has over two decades of experience. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EWhile at U.S. News, Esposito has appeared on panels, reported on and contributed to media guidelines on responsible suicide coverage at the U.S Department of Health and Human Services and the Pentagon. In 2016, she won a Media Orthopaedic Reporting Excellence award. Previously, Esposito worked as a registered nurse in multiple hospitals, starting at the University of Maryland Cancer Center and ending at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EPrior to joining U.S. News, Esposito was editor of the Health Behavior News Service, editor of the Baltimore\u002FWashington edition of Gannett’s Nursing Spectrum and a freelance editor with HealthDay News. Esposito graduated with a bachelor’s degree from the University of Maryland School of Nursing and a master’s degree in journalism from Georgetown University. She is a member of the Association of Health Care Journalists.","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Flisaesposito\u002F","experience":"Journalism, Editing","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Flisaespo","email_address":"lesposito@usnews.com","name":"Lisa Esposito","id":"00000145-af49-d1d4-ab57-bffd8e7f0000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Flisa-esposito"}],"pubdate":"Feb. 23, 2018"}]}},"label":"Read More About Macular Degeneration"},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Types\" id=\"types\"\u003ETypes\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the American Macular Degeneration Foundation, \"There are two basic types of macular degeneration: dry and wet. Approximately 85% to 90% of the cases\" are dry.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":1},"\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, there are four stages of macular degeneration, ranging in severity from mild to severe. People in the advanced stages of the disease are considered legally blind.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cb\u003EDry\u002Fearly age-related macular degeneration. \u003C\u002Fb\u003EDry age-related macular degeneration is the most common form of the disease, with nearly 90% of cases in this category. Most early cases of macular degeneration remain mild and don’t affect vision, says Dr. Carl Regillo, chief of retina service at Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, in Philadelphia. However, it still requires regular monitoring as there’s a small chance that it will progress into another form of age-related macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cb\u003EIntermediate age-related macular degeneration. \u003C\u002Fb\u003EIntermediate age-related macular degeneration also is a dry form of the disease. It usually is associated with some vision loss. Before the wet stage occurs, there is always some form of dry age-related macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cb\u003EGeographic atrophy.\u003C\u002Fb\u003E Although geographic atrophy is still a dry form of age-related macular degeneration, it is associated with more vision loss than the early or intermediate stages. For this reason, it’s considered an advanced form of the disease. Geographic atrophy can turn into wet age-related macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cb\u003EWet age-related macular degeneration\u003C\u002Fb\u003E. Wet age-related macular degeneration is also called advanced disease or neovascular age-related macular degeneration. It’s associated with the growth of abnormal blood vessels beneath the retina. These vessels may leak blood. Vision loss tends to be faster with wet age-related macular degeneration and is responsible for 90% of the vision loss from AMD, Khurana says. You can have both geographic atrophy and wet age-related macular degeneration in the same eye.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EIf wet age-related macular degeneration is caught early enough, you can usually preserve most of your vision.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Fleaderboard-b.nunj","static_template":true,"id":"00000156-523e-d46d-a956-573fb84f0000","label":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Fleaderboard-b.nunj"},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Causes\" id=\"causes\"\u003ECauses\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe exact causes of age-related macular degeneration are not always clear, although it's associated with aging, starting at age 50 and onward. Genetics, smoking and being white all have a role as well. Here's more information on the causes of macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EAging – specifically, being age 50 or older. “Age is part of the name and diagnosis,” says Dr. Charles Wykoff of Retina Consultants Houston in Houston. The risk for age-related macular degeneration significantly grows with each passing decade starting in the 50s, Wykoff says.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EGenetics, including a family history of age-related macular degeneration. There are dozens of genes associated with the disease, but genetic testing is not recommended by the AAO for the detection of age-related macular degeneration at this point because there is no perceived treatment benefit from the results, Khurana says.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EBeing white. In 2010, 89% of those who had age-related macular degeneration were white, according to the National Eye Institute.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003ESmoking. “Smoking doubles your risk, giving you another reason to quit,” Khurana says.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Fheart-disease\"\u003EHeart disease\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. Having a stroke or heart attack can increase your risk of developing age-related macular degeneration. Estimates vary among studies, but researchers have frequently found a link between heart disease and the occurrence of macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Symptoms\" id=\"symptoms\"\u003ESymptoms\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EInitially, you may not notice any symptoms if you have age-related macular degeneration. Some people who live a long time with a mild form may never notice a change in vision.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003ESymptoms of age-related macular degeneration include:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EBlurry vision.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003ESeeing black or dark areas in your central vision.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EVision that appears darker than before.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003ETrouble reading.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EDifficulty seeing details in both close and far vision.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E“Imagine you are looking at a clock with hands. With age-related macular degeneration, you might see the clock’s numbers but not the hands,” according to the AAO.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe symptoms of age-related macular degeneration may appear in one or both eyes. Sometimes, you could have age-related macular degeneration in one eye but not notice the symptoms because your other eye still sees well. It’s possible to have different stages of disease in each eye – or have disease in one eye but not in the other.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EIf you have these symptoms, you should see an eye doctor for a dilated eye exam. Although these are the typical symptoms associated with age-related macular degeneration, the disease may go undetected, especially if you have dry age-related macular degeneration, Khurana says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EIt's important to get diagnosed early because you have a better chance of preserving vision.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":2},"\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Diagnosis\" id=\"diagnosis\"\u003EDiagnosis\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe most common way that macular degeneration is diagnosed is with a dilated eye exam at a doctor’s office. A dilated eye exam is one of the most reliable ways that eye doctors can detect certain diseases, such as macular degeneration and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Feye-disease\u002Fglaucoma\"\u003Eglaucoma\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EDuring a dilated eye exam, you’ll receive special drops that allow the doctor to see the back of the eye, including the retina, macula and optic nerve. These drops make your eyes appear wider. Your eye doctor also may use something called an Amsler grid that can help measure changes or loss of your central vision.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EWhen checking for age-related macular degeneration, your doctor will look for signs of disease that are not visible to you, such as:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EYellow-colored deposits called drusen.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EBlood vessel growth that is abnormal.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EBlood vessels that leak fluid.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EDeposits of pigment underneath the retina.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAlthough some drusen are normal with age, medium or large drusen can indicate that you have age-related macular degeneration, according to the NEI. As drusen become bigger, the risk of dry age-related macular degeneration becoming wet age-related macular degeneration grows.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe items that eye doctors are looking for, such as drusen and abnormal blood vessels, only can be seen with a dilated eye exam or with special technology. Eye doctors also use a kind of imaging called optical coherence tomography, or OCT, which uses light waves to get pictures of sections of the retina. OCT testing doesn't hurt; you just place your head on a chin rest while images of your eye are taken with OCT.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAnother test used to diagnose AMD is a fluorescein angiogram. This consists of injecting a fluorescent dye in your arm and taking pictures as the colored dye passes through your eye’s blood vessels, according to the NEI. This helps eye doctors to see leaking blood vessels that are part of wet age-related macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":3},"\u003Cp\u003EYour eye doctor will combine the imaging results along with the exam findings to diagnose age-related macular degeneration, Wykoff says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Treatment\" id=\"treatment\"\u003ETreatment\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe treatment for age-related macular degeneration depends on the type that you have. However, early detection is always helpful in preserving your vision. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cb\u003EDry Age-Related Macular Degeneration\u003C\u002Fb\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThere are no treatments for the dry forms of age-related macular degeneration. If you have dry age-related macular degeneration, your eye doctor will likely prescribe \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fwellness\u002Ffood\u002Farticles\u002F2018-04-27\u002F6-myths-about-nutritional-supplements-you-must-know\"\u003Eover-the-counter vitamins\u003C\u002Fa\u003E called AREDS2, short for Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2. The AREDS2 vitamins contain lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, copper and vitamins C and E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAREDS2 is a formula developed after AREDS1, which had a slightly different combination of vitamins. In clinical trials, the AREDS vitamins helped reduce the risk of developing wet macular degeneration by about 25%. The patients in the trials had intermediate macular degeneration or advanced macular degeneration in one eye only. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EYour eye doctor can help you decide if taking the AREDS formula is right for you. It’s OK for most patients to take AREDS along with their multivitamin, Regillo says. However, always check with your doctor before using them.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAlthough some people will use AREDS vitamins if they have a family history of age-related macular degeneration and do not have the disease, the vitamins aren’t designed for this particular purpose. “There’s not data to support that this (works),” Wykoff says. However, if you have a mild form of the disease, it can help prevent it from becoming worse.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cb\u003EGeographic Atrophy\u003C\u002Fb\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThere are currently no treatments for geographic atrophy. People who have geographic atrophy can lose, on average, one line of vision each year. A line of vision refers to the lines on vision charts that are often at eye doctors' offices, which are used to help measure how well we see. Despite the lack of treatments for now, there are several potential treatments in development or in clinical trials, Wykoff notes, including special eye drops, gene therapy and cell transplantation.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":4},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cb\u003EWet Age-Related Macular Degeneration\u003C\u002Fb\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003ESince the early 2000s, eye doctors have had more reliable treatments to help those with wet age-related macular degeneration. These treatments don’t cure the disease, but they can lessen its effects. In some cases, they can bring back some of the lost vision. “Fortunately, we’ve had a revolution in how we care for [wet] age-related macular degeneration,” Khurana says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EFor wet AMD, there are two Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments called ranibizumab (Lucentis) and aflibercept (Eylea). A third treatment called bevacizumab (Avastin) is also used in some patients, but is not approved by the FDA for macular degeneration. (It's approved to treat certain cancers.) It’s used off-label.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAll of these medications are what are known as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs. The treatments have specific engineered proteins that block the activity of proteins that help build blood vessels, Wykoff says. They can help decrease the number of abnormal blood vessels in the retina and stop these blood vessels from leaking.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe treatments for wet AMD are given through an injection in the vitreous cavity, which is a gel-filled area of the eye between the front of the eye and the retina. The injections are well tolerated by patients, Regillo says. If you receive one of these injections, your eye doctor will use an antiseptic drop as well as an anesthetic drop. You won’t feel the injection, but you may feel a little pressure in the eye. The injections are given at an eye doctor’s office.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":5},"\u003Cp\u003ENinety percent of the time, the injections given prevent vision from getting worse. In fact, about a third of patients gain some of their vision back, Khurana says. Most of these vision gains happen when the injections first start. The earlier that macular degeneration is detected, the greater chance that treatments can slow disease progression or help bring back lost vision, Wykoff says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EEye doctors will usually give these injections monthly until they see that signs of the disease have stopped appearing. Most people need to continue injections over their lifetime, Regillo adds. However, the frequency of injections are different for everyone. Some require the injections once a month, while other patients can wait up to six to eight weeks or more between injections. It depends on disease activity in each person.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EPhotodynamic therapy and laser surgery are older treatment options for age-related macular degeneration and are used much less frequently than anti-VEGF injections.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cb\u003EAssistive Devices\u003C\u002Fb\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EMany patients with age-related macular degeneration will use low-vision assistive devices, such as magnifiers, special reading glasses, large-print reading materials and other tools and technologies to help them see better. A vision rehabilitation specialist can help you learn how to use these types of devices, according to the AAO.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Fleaderboard-b.nunj","static_template":true,"id":"00000156-523e-d46d-a956-573fb84f0000","label":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Fleaderboard-b.nunj"},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Health Care Providers\" id=\"providers\"\u003EHealth Care Providers That Treat Macular Degeneration\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"dynamic-enhancement","component":"DynamicEnhancement\u002FDoctorsNearby.js","endpoint":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fdoctors\u002Fsearch-data?specialty=Ophthalmology","black_text":false,"heading":"Ophthalmologists Near You","id":"0000016c-24c5-d6ee-a17d-34c53eb80000","label":"Ophthalmologists Near You","permalink":""},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"dynamic-enhancement","component":"DynamicEnhancement\u002FDoctorsNearby.js","endpoint":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fdoctors\u002Fsearch-data?specialty=Ophthalmology","black_text":false,"heading":"Ophthalmologists Near You","id":"0000016c-24c5-d6ee-a17d-34c53eb80000","label":"Ophthalmologists Near You","permalink":""},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Prevention\" id=\"prevention\"\u003EPrevention\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe best way to help prevent or slow age-related macular degeneration is with a dilated \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2019-01-21\u002Fwhat-seniors-need-to-know-about-vision-loss\"\u003Eeye exam every year or every other year, starting at age 50\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. The AAO recommends getting a baseline dilated eye exam at age 40, Khurana says. This is to help detect other serious eye problems that are seen via a dilated exam. If you have dry age-related macular degeneration, your eye doctor may want you to have a dilated exam more frequently, he adds.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":6},"\u003Cp\u003EThese regular eye exams can help monitor for age-related macular degeneration as well as other eye problems that come up as people age, including glaucoma and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Ffor-better\u002Farticles\u002Fcataracts-what-to-look-for\"\u003Ecataracts\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003ERegular dilated eye exams are especially important if you have certain diseases such as diabetes. That's because having diabetes can raise your risk for many types of eye problems, including age-related macular degeneration. Dilated eye checks can help monitor for other diseases, such as \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2017-07-18\u002Fwhat-is-diabetic-retinopathy\"\u003Ediabetic retinopathy\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EIf you smoke, use whatever resources available you have to quit. Smoking raises the risk for age-related macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EA heart-healthy diet may play a role in decreasing the risk of age-related macular degeneration developing or progressing. Consuming more dark leafy greens, colorful vegetables and cold water fish might help, Regillo notes. Consuming seven ounces of vegetables a day, two servings of fruit and fish twice a week were associated with a lower risk of macular degeneration, according to a 2019 \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Fpubmed\u002F30312575\" target=\"_blank\"\u003Estudy\u003C\u002Fa\u003E in the American Journal of Ophthalmology.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EMaintaining normal blood pressure and cholesterol numbers also may have a positive effect on keeping age-related macular degeneration away.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EIf you suspect you have age-related macular degeneration, it’s important to see an eye doctor. “It’s important to know if you have wet or dry AMD. Don’t assume that you know which one it is,” Wykoff says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":7},"\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Related Articles\" id=\"related-articles\"\u003ERelated Articles\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Frelated-articles\u002Frelated-articles.nunj","finite":false,"id":"0000016d-bbd5-d734-a36d-ffffc6700000","label":"Infinite Scroll – Related Articles - Eye Disease","permalink":"","related_content":[{"image":{"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F0000017f-8961-dded-a9ff-9dfd36080000\u002Fgettyimages-1347579052.jpg?update-time=1647277506104","update_time":1647277506104,"alt_text":"Attractive mature woman with eye sight problems using her glasses to read a book at home","base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F24\u002F5c\u002Fbc4f64704de8b56c7ba27fec788a\u002Fgettyimages-1347579052.jpg","id":"0000017f-8961-dded-a9ff-9dfd36080000","title":"220314_ReadingGlasses","credit":"(Getty Images)","permalink":""},"sources":[{"name":"Robert C. Layman, OD","bio":"Layman is an optometrist who lives in Toledo, Ohio, and is president of the American Optometric Association. ","id":"0000017f-7535-d5b0-a17f-fdbd856b0000","permalink":""},{"name":"Michael Shumski, MD, MSE","bio":"Shumski is an ophthalmologist specializing in cataract and refractive surgery at Magruder Laser Vision in Orlando, Florida.","id":"0000017f-7536-d5b0-a17f-fdbec1d70000","permalink":""},{"website":{"text":"Thomas Steinemann, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.metrohealth.org\u002Fphysician\u002Fthomas-steinemann-026047"},"name":"Thomas Steinemann, MD","bio":"Steinemann is a spokesperson for the American Academy of Ophthalmology and professor of ophthalmology at MetroHealth Medical Center in Cleveland.","id":"00000171-e54e-dff5-a371-edcf62ff0000","permalink":""},{"name":"George O. Waring IV, MD, FACS","bio":"Waring is the founder and director of the Waring Vision Institute in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina.","id":"0000017f-753a-d5b0-a17f-fdbe37ce0000","permalink":""}],"short_headline":"What Is Presbyopia?","deck":"If you're over 40 and you have blurry vision close up, you may have presbyopia.","id":"0000017f-7013-dbf5-a97f-fb1b28950001","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Farticles\u002Fpresbyopia","overline":{"new_window":false,"text":"Conditions","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions"},"headline":"What Is Presbyopia? Symptoms and Solutions for Better Sight","publications":[],"authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F2b\u002F12\u002F7a23955947d5b9367cf91bec4fbe\u002Fvanessa-caceres.jpg","caption":"Vanessa Caceres ","title":"Vanessa_Caceres__bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61b3-d187-a5cb-ffbfb9970000\u002Fvanessa-caceres.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Vanessa Caceres ","width":0,"id":"00000180-61b3-d187-a5cb-ffbfb9970000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttp:\u002F\u002Fwww.twitter.com\u002FFloridaCulture","education":"Hampshire College, Georgetown University","role":"Contributor","short_bio":"Vanessa Caceres began writing for U.S. News in 2017, originally specializing in diabetes. She’s a nationally published health, travel and food writer. In addition to U.S. News, Caceres's health writing has been published with Everyday Health, Self, Newsday HealthLink, EyeWorld, The Rheumatologist and various other publications. ","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fbdabb2a\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F2b%2F12%2F7a23955947d5b9367cf91bec4fbe%2Fvanessa-caceres.jpg","name":"Vanessa Caceres ","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EVanessa Caceres\u003C\u002Fb\u003E began writing for U.S. News in 2017, originally specializing in diabetes. She’s a nationally published health, travel and food writer with an undergraduate degree in journalism and psychology from Hampshire College in Amherst, Massachusetts, and a graduate degree in linguistics\u002Fbilingual education from Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EIn addition to U.S. News, Caceres's health writing has been published with Everyday Health, Self, Newsday HealthLink, EyeWorld, The Rheumatologist and various other publications. She is a member of Business Networking International (BNI). Vanessa has lived in Florida since 2009, when she became fascinated by the Sunshine State. That fascination led to Florida-themed articles published in regional and national publications, and on websites. ","id":"00000150-d2f0-df73-adf4-daf7dc1e0000","experience":"Journalism","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fvanessa-caceres"}],"pubdate":"March 14, 2022"},{"image":{"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000173-b569-d537-a1f7-b7ff30fc0000\u002F200803-graphic.jpg?update-time=1596476483167","update_time":1596476483167,"alt_text":"Asian woman take an eye deop","base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fe3\u002F35\u002Fe30020ad4712a1945cb80fa3dff0\u002F200803-graphic.jpg","caption":"Unlike with viral pinkeye, experts recommend treating bacterial conjunctivitis.","id":"00000173-b569-d537-a1f7-b7ff30fc0000","title":"200803_EyeDrops","credit":"(Getty Images)","permalink":""},"sources":[{"website":{"text":"Sumitra Khandelwal, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.bcm.edu\u002Fpeople\u002Fview\u002Fsumitra-khandelwal-m-d\u002F031309ba-40e7-11e3-9de7-005056b104be","target":"_blank"},"name":"Sumitra Khandelwal, MD","bio":"Khandelwal is medical director of the Lions Eye Bank of Texas in Houston and associate professor of ophthalmology at the Baylor College of Medicine in Texas.","id":"0000016f-b4d8-d65c-a7ef-fefcd3ce0000","permalink":""},{"website":{"text":"Jeff Pettey, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealthcare.utah.edu\u002Ffad\u002Fmddetail.php?physicianID=u0056617&name=jeff-pettey","target":"_blank"},"name":"Jeff Pettey, MD, MBA","bio":"Jeff Pettey is the Moran Eye Center Vice Chair of Education and an Associate Professor at the University of Utah Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences. Pettey specializes in complex cataract surgery and complex anterior segment surgery as with post-traumatic eye injuries.","id":"0000016f-b4d9-df6f-a5ef-b5dfde2d0000","permalink":""},{"website":{"text":"Kamran Riaz, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttp:\u002F\u002Fdmei.org\u002Fkamran-m-riaz-md","target":"_blank"},"name":"Kamran Riaz, MD","bio":"Dr. Kamran Riaz is a fellowship-trained and board-certified ophthalmologist whose clinical and surgical practices focus on cornea, external disease, anterior segment, cataract, and refractive surgery. He is currently a clinical associate professor at the Dean McGee Eye Institute at the University of Oklahoma in Oklahoma City.","id":"0000016f-b4da-d65c-a7ef-fefeb4a50000","permalink":""}],"short_headline":"Viral vs. Bacterial Pinkeye","deck":"There are a number of causes of conjunctivitis and ways to treat it or soothe symptoms.","id":"0000016f-b4c2-d65c-a7ef-fee6baa50000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Feye-disease\u002Fconjunctivitis\u002Farticles\u002Fviral-vs-bacterial-conjunctivitis","overline":{"new_window":false,"text":"Patient Advice","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fsubjects\u002Fpatient-advice"},"headline":"Viral vs. Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pinkeye): What's the Difference?","publications":[],"authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F49\u002F30\u002F214edd8848ff83dec20a3e1719b1\u002Fmichael-o-schroeder.jpg","caption":"Michael O. Schroeder","title":"Michael_O._Schroeder_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61b1-d187-a5cb-ffbd4b090000\u002Fmichael-o-schroeder.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Michael O. Schroeder","width":0,"id":"00000180-61b1-d187-a5cb-ffbd4b090000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"education":"Wabash College; Indiana University","role":"Former Staff Writer","short_bio":"Michael O. Schroeder was a health editor at U.S. News from 2015-2020. With over two decades of experience, he wrote health stories on a wide range of topics from mental health to medication side effects, and he managed the blog For Parents. Schroeder is also an active member of the Association of Health Care Journalists.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F77c9e7e\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F49%2F30%2F214edd8848ff83dec20a3e1719b1%2Fmichael-o-schroeder.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EMichael O. Schroede\u003C\u002Fb\u003Er was a health editor at U.S. News from 2015-2020. With over two decades of experience, he wrote health stories on a wide range of topics from mental health to medication side effects, and he managed the blog \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fwellness\u002Ffor-parents\"\u003EFor Parents\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003ESchroeder reported on health and wellness since 2005, and he's also covered everything from business news to governmental affairs for various newspapers. His stories have also been published in HuffPost, MSN, Yahoo!, WTOP, The Washington Post and The Indianapolis Star. He's also an active member of the Association of Health Care Journalists. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003ESchroeder has a bachelor’s degree in English from Wabash College and a master’s degree in journalism from Indiana University. ","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Fmichael-schroeder-b4b3765\u002F","experience":"Journalism","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002F@mikeschroederin","email_address":"mschroeder@usnews.com","name":"Michael O. Schroeder","id":"0000014c-5b46-d82a-affe-df56133e0000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fmichael-o-schroeder"},{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fce\u002F4f\u002Fa5f55925496b826f3bef014b55dd\u002Fpaul-krieger.jpg","caption":"Paul Krieger","title":"Paul_Krieger_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61c0-d187-a5cb-ffddbc850000\u002Fpaul-krieger.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Paul Krieger","width":0,"id":"00000180-61c0-d187-a5cb-ffddbc850000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"website":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.mountsinai.org\u002Fprofiles\u002Fpaul-krieger","education":"Ohio Wesleyan University, Medical College of Ohio","role":"Contributor","credentials":"MD","short_bio":"\u003Cb data-rte2-sanitize=\"bold\"\u003EPaul H. Krieger, MD\u003C\u002Fb\u003E, is an emergency medicine physician with more than 17 years of clinical and academic experience. He practices emergency medicine and works as an assistant clinical professor at the Mount Sinai health system in New York City. Krieger is board-certified in emergency medicine.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F7f32d5d\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2Fce%2F4f%2Fa5f55925496b826f3bef014b55dd%2Fpaul-krieger.jpg","bio":"\u003Ch3\u003EExperience\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EOver 17 years of clinical and academic experience.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EBoard certified in emergency medicine by the American Board of Emergency Medicine.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPublished author, served on several LGBTQ and diversity committees.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cb data-rte2-sanitize=\"bold\"\u003EPaul H. Krieger, MD\u003C\u002Fb\u003E, is an emergency medicine physician with more than 17 years of clinical and academic experience. He practices emergency medicine and works as an assistant clinical professor at the Mount Sinai health system in New York City. Krieger is board-certified in emergency medicine by the American Board of Emergency Medicine.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EHe received his medical degree at the Medical College of Ohio in 2004 before completing his residency training in emergency medicine at Albert Einstein’s Manhattan campus at Beth Israel Medical Center. He received his bachelor’s degree from Ohio Wesleyan University.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EKrieger is an invited and national speaker in emergency medicine, LGBTQ health and health care disparities. He has served and chaired both national and local hospital LGBTQ and diversity committees. Krieger is a published author in multiple peer-reviewed journals and textbooks and served as a peer reviewer for Annals of Emergency Medicine.","experience":"Emergency Medicine, LGBTQ Health, LGBTQ Health Care Disparities","author_type":{"name":"MEDICAL_REVIEWER","ordinal":0,"type":"Medical Reviewer","blurb":"Medically reviewed by"},"reviewer_specialty":{"path":"#emergency-medicine","name":"Emergency Medicine","id":"0000017a-639f-d01d-ab7e-fb9f2da70000","permalink":""},"name":"Paul Krieger","id":"00000179-a4eb-d7d7-a5fd-eefb92bd0000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fpaul-krieger"}],"pubdate":"Sept. 9, 2021"},{"image":{"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000174-78d4-de6f-a1ff-fed772a70000\u002F200910-coronavirusgoggles-stock.jpg?update-time=1599755079293","update_time":1599755079293,"alt_text":"Shot of a young man putting on his protective gear before the decontamination process","base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fb1\u002F8f\u002F0c04888e43abb3766c78f976a20a\u002F200910-coronavirusgoggles-stock.jpg","caption":"","id":"00000174-78d4-de6f-a1ff-fed772a70000","title":"200910_CoronavirusGoggles","credit":"(Getty Images)","permalink":""},"sources":[{"website":{"text":"Thomas Steinemann, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.metrohealth.org\u002Fphysician\u002Fthomas-steinemann-026047"},"name":"Thomas Steinemann, MD","bio":"Steinemann is a spokesperson for the American Academy of Ophthalmology and professor of ophthalmology at MetroHealth Medical Center in Cleveland.","id":"00000171-e54e-dff5-a371-edcf62ff0000","permalink":""},{"website":{"text":"Lyndon Jones, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fuwaterloo.ca\u002Foptometry-vision-science\u002Fpeople-profiles\u002Flyndon-jones"},"name":"Lyndon Jones, MD","bio":"Jones is the director of the Centre for Ocular Research and Education at the University of Waterloo in Canada.","id":"00000174-7822-dce8-a577-fe366a050000","permalink":""}],"short_headline":"Protecting Your Eyes From COVID-19","deck":"While it’s not clear if the infection can pass through the eyes, people in high-risk environments may benefit from eye protection.","id":"00000174-59b9-d1be-a1fc-dbbdbaeb0000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Fcoronavirus-and-your-health\u002Fprotecting-your-eyes-from-the-coronavirus","overline":{"new_window":false,"text":"Conditions","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions"},"headline":"Protecting Your Eyes From the Coronavirus","publications":[],"authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F6f\u002F4f\u002F8a13d7834783b249deb5ed40d1db\u002Fdavid-levine.jpg","caption":"David Levine","title":"David_Levine_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf889c0000\u002Fdavid-levine.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"David Levine","width":0,"id":"00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf889c0000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"website":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fdavidlevinefreelance.contently.com","education":"University of Rochester","role":"Contributor","short_bio":"David Levine has been covering a wide range of health topics, including mental and behavioral health, health disparity, health insurance coverage and many others, since 2017. A former health columnist for Governing Magazine and contributing writer for athenaInsight, he currently writes about health and wellness for several publications.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fe06178a\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F6f%2F4f%2F8a13d7834783b249deb5ed40d1db%2Fdavid-levine.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EDavid Levine\u003C\u002Fb\u003E has been covering a wide range of health topics, including mental and behavioral health, health disparity and inequity, health insurance coverage and many others, since 2017. A former health columnist for Governing Magazine and contributing writer for athenaInsight, he currently writes about health and wellness for Wainscot Health Media, Health Monitor and other publications, and he is a regular contributor to Super Lawyers and other magazines.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EHe also writes about lifestyle and general interest topics, from history and business to beer and baseball, as a contributing writer for Hudson Valley, Westchester and 914Inc magazines. Levine’s new book, “The Hudson Valley: The First 250 Million Years,” was published in February 2020 by Globe Pequot Press. It is available on \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.amazon.com\u002FHudson-Valley-Chronological-Occasionally-Personal\u002Fdp\u002F1493047892\u002Fref=sr_1_1?keywords=9781493047895&qid=1581601229&sr=8-1 \" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAmazon\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and wherever books are sold. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EHis freelance writing has appeared in The New York Times, Sports Illustrated, American Heritage, The New York Daily News Sunday Magazine and dozens of other publications. A former staff editor and writer at SPORT magazine, he appeared on the \"Today Show\" twice to promote his work for the magazine. He is also the author or co-author of six sports books, including “Life on the Rim” (Macmillan) and “In the Land of Giants” (Little, Brown). His writing has helped many companies win numerous publishing awards, including the Aster, Apex, World Wide Web Health, Society for Technical Communications and Health Information awards. ","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttp:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Fdavidlevinefreelance","experience":"Editing, Journalism","name":"David Levine","id":"0000015a-ce02-d70e-a5fe-ffd3e0c20000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fdavid-levine"}],"pubdate":"Sept. 10, 2020"},{"image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Ffc\u002Ff5\u002F2239c80b4488b14e0e66838682a2\u002F200803-stock.jpg","caption":"","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"200803_DryEye","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000173-b564-db5e-a9f7-bdff1cf30000\u002F200803-stock.jpg?update-time=1596476240808","update_time":1596476240808,"alt_text":"Business woman with hands on her face looking exhausted","width":2000,"id":"00000173-b564-db5e-a9f7-bdff1cf30000","credit":"Getty Images","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":1333,"taggable_publish_date":"2020-08-03T17:37:11.806Z"},"sources":[{"name":"Brad Brocwell, MD","bio":"Brocwell is vice president of clinical operations for Now Optics, which consists of the retail brands MyEyelab and Station Optical. He’s based in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.","id":"00000173-a0bf-d150-a17b-f1ff47890000","permalink":""},{"name":"Preeya K. Gupta, MD","bio":"Gupta is an associate professor of opthamology at the Duke University School of Medicine in Durham, North Carolina.","id":"00000173-a0c2-d150-a17b-f1ca01fc0000","permalink":""},{"name":"Rony R. Sayegh, MD","bio":"Sayegh is an opthamologist with the Cole Eye Institute at the Cleveland Clinic. ","id":"00000173-a0c3-d150-a17b-f1cb4a250000","permalink":""}],"splash_cta_is_enabled":false,"deck":"Redness, itching and sensitivity to light could all be indications of dry eye disease. ","short_headline":"9 Signs of Dry Eye Disease","id":"00000173-9c27-d6bd-a7f3-dcef43ec0001","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fwellness\u002Fslideshows\u002Fsigns-of-dry-eye-disease","overline":{"new_window":false,"text":"Patient Advice","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fsubjects\u002Fpatient-advice"},"headline":"9 Signs of Dry Eye Disease","publications":[],"authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fc4\u002F95\u002Fc972889e40319f62cb8d43d0bf08\u002Fruben-castaneda.jpg","caption":"Ruben Castaneda","title":"Ruben_Castaneda_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61b7-d187-a5cb-ffbfe6bd0000\u002Fruben-castaneda.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Ruben Castaneda","width":0,"id":"00000180-61b7-d187-a5cb-ffbfe6bd0000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"website":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRuben_Castaneda","education":"University of Southern California","role":"Staff Writer","short_bio":"Ruben Castaneda has worked at U.S. News since September 2016. Castaneda has written extensively about Baby Boomer health and exercise habits, strategies for losing weight, health care issues affecting distressed communities, yoga and substance misuse. He has over two decades of experience and received several awards.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F7ec0a45\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2Fc4%2F95%2Fc972889e40319f62cb8d43d0bf08%2Fruben-castaneda.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003ERuben Castaneda\u003C\u002Fb\u003E has worked at U.S. News since September 2016. Castaneda has written extensively about Baby Boomer health and exercise habits, strategies for losing weight, health care issues affecting distressed communities, yoga and substance misuse. In 2018, the National Press Foundation chose Castaneda as one of 15 journalists nationwide to participate in a deep dive seminar into reporting on the opioids crisis. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EIn 2017, the USC Center for Health Journalism named Castaneda one of 24 journalists chosen from around the nation to participate in the center's National Fellowship. Castaneda was awarded a grant from the Dennis A. Hunt Health Journalism Fund. The grant helped support Castaneda's reporting for a five-part series U.S. News published focusing on how the Trump administration's immigration policies are affecting the health and well-being of children of immigrants, their parents and health care providers and teachers who work with the kids. 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Syndrome","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Fraynauds-syndrome"},{"heading":"Vaccinations","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Fvaccinations"}]}]}]}}},"errors":[]},"src\u002Fcontainers\u002Fpages\u002Fhealth\u002Fconditions\u002Fguide\u002Findex.js|article":{"data":{"adhesion_overlay":null,"alert_configuration":null,"shouldDisableAds":false,"utag_data":{"bucket_tags":["atlasconditionguide","condition-guide-related-eye-disease","conditions","patient-advice"],"article_byline":"Vanessa Caceres ","page_type":"profile","site_product_section":"profile","site_product":"Conditions","suppress_img_flag":true,"site_portal":"Wellness","primary_tag":"conditions","article_publish_date":"2019-09-10","site_product_subsection":"Macular Degeneration","content_type":"product","page_name":"Macular Degeneration: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment | US News","site_vertical":"Health","byline_type":"Contributor","article_template":"article-rail","stitial_fact":"The key risk factors for heart disease are high blood pressure, high LDL cholesterol and smoking. About half of Americans have at least one of these.","page_container":"containers\u002Fpages\u002Fhealth\u002Fconditions\u002Fguide\u002Findex.js"},"meta":{"site":"healthcare","keywords":"Vanessa Caceres ,eye problems,eye health,macular degeneration,ophthalmology,patient advice,atlasconditionguide,condition-guide-related-eye-disease,Conditions,Patient Advice","zone":"edit","description":"Learn about the symptoms, causes and treatment options in the macular degeneration condition guide at U.S. News and World Report.","robots":"max-image-preview:large","title":"Macular Degeneration: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment | US News","canonical_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Feye-disease\u002Fmacular-degeneration"},"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Home","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002F"},{"name":"Conditions","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions"},{"name":"Guide to Macular Degeneration","url":""}],"corrections":[],"sources":[{"website":{"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttp:\u002F\u002Fwww.ncrva.com\u002Fophthalmologist-rahul-khurana.php"},"name":"Rahul Khurana, MD","bio":null},{"website":{"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.willseye.org\u002Fdoctor\u002Fcarl-d-regillo-md-facs\u002F"},"name":"Carl D. Regillo, MD, FACS","bio":null},{"website":null,"name":"Charles Wykoff, MD, PhD","bio":null}],"article":{"id":"0000016d-1bcd-dbd7-afed-9fdf61860001","deck":"Learn about the symptoms, causes and treatment options for this age-related eye disease.","display_headline":"A Patient's Guide to Macular Degeneration","short_headline":"Guide to Macular Degeneration","kicker":null,"reverse_rail":null,"vertical":"Health","site_product":"Conditions","section":null,"sectionId":null,"date":"Sept. 10, 2019, at 12:07 p.m. ","superheroPosition":"bottomLeft","superheroImageAlignment":"centerCenter","commentary_article":false,"disable_anyclip":false,"language":null,"sailthru_section":null,"sailthru_rec_mode":null,"main_enhancement":null,"remove_superhero_gradient":false,"hideImage":true,"image":{"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F0000016d-1be7-d44f-a3ed-bff761dc0000\u002F190910-oldereyes-stock.jpg?update-time=1568131254091","caption":"","credit":"(Getty Images)","alt":"Age, Vision and old people concept - Close up of senior Asian woman face and eye, Thailand","width":2000,"height":1333},"badge":null,"body":["\u003Cp\u003EAge-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of vision loss in those who are age 50 or older. In fact, 11 million people in the U.S. have some type of age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation. That number is expected to double by 2050 as the population ages. By 2020, an estimated 196 million people will be living with age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation, a nonprofit that supports research and education about eye and brain diseases.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Fleaderboard-b.nunj","static_template":true,"id":"00000156-523e-d46d-a956-573fb84f0000","label":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Fleaderboard-b.nunj"},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Overview\" id=\"overview\"\u003EWhat Is Macular Degeneration?\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EOur eyes have a retina, a thin tissue layer in the back of the eye that helps us sense light and send images of what we are seeing to our brain. One part of the retina is called the macula, and the macula gives us the crisp vision we need for common tasks like reading or driving.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003ESometimes called ARMD or AMD (they are the same thing), age-related macular degeneration occurs when the macula doesn't work like it should. Although macular degeneration typically doesn't hurt, it can affect your ability to see well. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAge-related macular degeneration can lead to a loss of the central part of vision needed for important daily tasks or for seeing things like faces clearly, says Dr. Rahul Khurana, an American Academy of Ophthalmology spokesperson who practices at Northern California Retina Vitreous Associates in Daly City, California. Your peripheral vision remains.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EA couple of decades ago, a diagnosis of age-related \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2018-02-23\u002Fmacular-degeneration-managing-this-vision-condition\"\u003Emacular degeneration\u003C\u002Fa\u003E was a “one-way ticket to blindness,” Khurana explains. Nowadays, there are treatments available to help slow its progression, along with many other potential treatments in clinical trials.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"promo-list-enhancement","data":{"id":"0000016d-1bd7-d44f-a3ed-bfd730d00000","permalink":"","articles":{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fcontainer\u002Fvertical.nunj","disable_sticky":true,"permalink":"","items":[{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fmedia-object\u002Fpromo-%AREA%.nunj","image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fc9\u002F4e\u002F799230d54ca4940b4f86babb5bfe\u002F150622-eyeexamination-stock.jpg","caption":"A man has an eye examination.","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"150622_EyeExamination","resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F0000014e-1c08-db5a-a1ee-3d8f2e930000\u002F150622-eyeexamination-stock.jpg?update-time=1435346184719","update_time":1435346184719,"alt_text":"A man has an eye examination.","width":0,"id":"0000014e-1c08-db5a-a1ee-3d8f2e930000","credit":"(Getty Images)","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0,"taggable_publish_date":"2015-06-22T16:12:08.409Z"},"sources":[{"name":"Dianna L. 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Howley","title":"Elaine_K._Howley_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf31e90000\u002Felaine-k-howley.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Elaine K. Howley","width":0,"id":"00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf31e90000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"website":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.elainekhowley.com\u002F","education":"Georgetown University, Emerson College","role":"Contributor","short_bio":"Elaine Howley began writing for U.S. News in 2017, covering breast cancer and COPD. Since then, her reporting has evolved to cover lung cancer, senior care issues, doctor finding and other aspects of modern health care. Ms. Howley has over two decades of experience and has earned several writing awards.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fb28125c\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F6d%2F82%2F922a73b048ff9f6114ab235ec604%2Felaine-k-howley.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EElaine Howley\u003C\u002Fb\u003E began writing for U.S. News in 2017, covering breast cancer and COPD. Since then, her reporting has evolved to cover lung cancer, senior care issues, doctor finding and other aspects of modern health care. Howley has over two decades of experience.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EPrior to writing for U.S. News, Howley worked as Publications Manager for U.S. Masters Swimming and Managing Editor of SWIMMER magazine. Her freelance work has also appeared in a variety of print and online publications including 5280 magazine, AARP.org, Atlas Obscura, espnW and Outdoor Swimmer magazine based in the United Kingdom. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EShe is a member in good standing of the American Society of Journalists and Authors and the Association of Health Care Journalists. Specializing in health, sports and history topics, Howley has earned several writing awards, placing first in the Writer’s Digest Annual Writing Competition for four years - 2012, 2013, 2020 and 2021 - for her feature profile stories that appeared in SWIMMER magazine and Outdoor Swimmer magazine. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EA southern New Jersey native, Howley earned a bachelor’s degree from Georgetown University (German language and studio art double major) and a master’s degree in publishing and writing from Emerson College in Boston. In addition to her writing, she is also a working artist, specializing in pastel portraits of animals. She currently lives in greater Boston. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Felainekhowley\u002F","experience":"Journalism, Editing","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Femkhowley","name":"Elaine K. Howley","id":"0000015a-4cf7-dd9c-adff-eef78c050000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Felaine-k-howley"}],"pubdate":"July 22, 2019"},{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fmedia-object\u002Fpromo-%AREA%.nunj","image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F0b\u002Fe7\u002Fe7b703104ac5b53c5a1e063b849c\u002F171212-cataractsurgery-stock.jpg","caption":"The only treatment option for cataracts is surgery.","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"171212_CataractSurgery","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000160-4977-dc60-af7a-49f719bf0000\u002F171212-cataractsurgery-stock.jpg?update-time=1563985124071","update_time":1563985124071,"alt_text":"Close-up image of ophthalmologist ready to perform surgery","width":2120,"id":"00000160-4977-dc60-af7a-49f719bf0000","credit":"(Getty Images)","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":1414,"taggable_publish_date":"2017-12-12T06:44:39.582Z"},"sources":[],"heading":"Cataracts: What to Look For","deck":"Nearly 25 million Americans have cataracts, and the only treatment is surgery.","short_headline":"Cataracts: What to Look For","blurb":"Nearly 25 million Americans have cataracts, and the only treatment is surgery.","black_text":false,"is_logo":false,"id":"0000016b-6b5e-d382-a36b-eb7eef840000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Ffor-better\u002Farticles\u002Fcataracts-what-to-look-for","overline":{"pull_cta_url":false,"pull_short_headline":false,"new_window":false,"text":"For Better","permalink":"","type":"internal-profile","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-news\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Ffor-better","campaign_id":"For Better"},"headline":"Cataracts: What to Look For","publications":[],"authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F6c\u002F21\u002Fdd3f33e849808e182198369cb667\u002Fjimmy-lee-md.jpg","caption":"Jimmy Lee","title":"Jimmy_Lee_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61bf-d187-a5cb-ffbf56700000\u002Fjimmy-lee-md.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Jimmy Lee","width":0,"id":"00000180-61bf-d187-a5cb-ffbf56700000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"role":"Contributor","credentials":"MD","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F479cacf\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F6c%2F21%2Fdd3f33e849808e182198369cb667%2Fjimmy-lee-md.jpg","name":"Jimmy Lee","bio":"\u003Cb data-rte2-sanitize=\"bold\"\u003EJimmy K. Lee, MD,\u003C\u002Fb\u003E is Director of Cornea and Refractive Surgery at Montefiore Medical Center and Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. He specializes in laser vision correction surgery. His surgical expertise also includes complex cataract surgery, anterior segment reconstruction, all forms of corneal transplantation and limbal stem cell transplantation. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EDr. Lee’s research interests are new technologies in refractive surgery and improving surgical techniques for endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK and DMEK), artificial intelligence to improve cataract surgery outcomes and nanoparticle drug delivery. A member of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, he has extensively lectured nationally and internationally on these topics.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EA Phi Beta Kappa\u003Ci data-rte2-sanitize=\"italic\"\u003E \u003C\u002Fi\u003Egraduate from Johns Hopkins University, Dr. Lee obtained his medical degree from Cornell University Medical College. Following his residency at Albert Einstein Montefiore Hospital, he completed a fellowship in cornea, external diseases and refractive surgery at the Wilmer Eye Institute of The Johns Hopkins Hospital and is a Diplomate of the American Board of Ophthalmology. ","id":"0000016b-6b82-d382-a36b-ebba7ce80000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fjimmy-lee-md"}],"pubdate":"June 25, 2019"},{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fmedia-object\u002Fpromo-%AREA%.nunj","image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fc8\u002F09\u002Ff96cd6d0433d811b164eb797054a\u002F190118-olderman-stock.jpg","caption":"Common eye conditions that occur later in life include cataracts, macular degeneration and glaucoma.","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"190118_OlderMan","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000168-62e3-da16-abee-72e7e66e0000\u002F190118-olderman-stock.jpg?update-time=1547847385094","update_time":1547847385094,"width":2121,"id":"00000168-62e3-da16-abee-72e7e66e0000","credit":"(Getty Images)","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":1414,"taggable_publish_date":"2019-01-18T21:36:08.529Z"},"heading":"Helping Seniors Deal With Vision Loss","short_headline":"Helping Seniors Deal With Vision Loss","deck":"Some conditions are a function of age, while others have age as a risk factor.","blurb":"Some conditions are a function of age, while others have age as a risk factor.","black_text":false,"is_logo":false,"id":"00000168-5d42-d6e3-adea-dffb6cc70000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2019-01-21\u002Fwhat-seniors-need-to-know-about-vision-loss","overline":{"pull_cta_url":false,"pull_short_headline":false,"new_window":false,"text":"Patient Advice","permalink":"","type":"internal-profile","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fsubjects\u002Fpatient-advice","campaign_id":"Patient Advice"},"headline":"What Seniors Need to Know About Vision Loss","authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F6d\u002F82\u002F922a73b048ff9f6114ab235ec604\u002Felaine-k-howley.jpg","caption":"Elaine K. Howley","title":"Elaine_K._Howley_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf31e90000\u002Felaine-k-howley.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Elaine K. Howley","width":0,"id":"00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf31e90000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"website":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.elainekhowley.com\u002F","education":"Georgetown University, Emerson College","role":"Contributor","short_bio":"Elaine Howley began writing for U.S. News in 2017, covering breast cancer and COPD. Since then, her reporting has evolved to cover lung cancer, senior care issues, doctor finding and other aspects of modern health care. Ms. Howley has over two decades of experience and has earned several writing awards.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fb28125c\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F6d%2F82%2F922a73b048ff9f6114ab235ec604%2Felaine-k-howley.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EElaine Howley\u003C\u002Fb\u003E began writing for U.S. News in 2017, covering breast cancer and COPD. Since then, her reporting has evolved to cover lung cancer, senior care issues, doctor finding and other aspects of modern health care. Howley has over two decades of experience.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EPrior to writing for U.S. News, Howley worked as Publications Manager for U.S. Masters Swimming and Managing Editor of SWIMMER magazine. Her freelance work has also appeared in a variety of print and online publications including 5280 magazine, AARP.org, Atlas Obscura, espnW and Outdoor Swimmer magazine based in the United Kingdom. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EShe is a member in good standing of the American Society of Journalists and Authors and the Association of Health Care Journalists. Specializing in health, sports and history topics, Howley has earned several writing awards, placing first in the Writer’s Digest Annual Writing Competition for four years - 2012, 2013, 2020 and 2021 - for her feature profile stories that appeared in SWIMMER magazine and Outdoor Swimmer magazine. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EA southern New Jersey native, Howley earned a bachelor’s degree from Georgetown University (German language and studio art double major) and a master’s degree in publishing and writing from Emerson College in Boston. In addition to her writing, she is also a working artist, specializing in pastel portraits of animals. She currently lives in greater Boston. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Felainekhowley\u002F","experience":"Journalism, Editing","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Femkhowley","name":"Elaine K. 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Ms. Howley has over two decades of experience and has earned several writing awards.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fb28125c\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F6d%2F82%2F922a73b048ff9f6114ab235ec604%2Felaine-k-howley.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EElaine Howley\u003C\u002Fb\u003E began writing for U.S. News in 2017, covering breast cancer and COPD. Since then, her reporting has evolved to cover lung cancer, senior care issues, doctor finding and other aspects of modern health care. Howley has over two decades of experience.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EPrior to writing for U.S. News, Howley worked as Publications Manager for U.S. Masters Swimming and Managing Editor of SWIMMER magazine. Her freelance work has also appeared in a variety of print and online publications including 5280 magazine, AARP.org, Atlas Obscura, espnW and Outdoor Swimmer magazine based in the United Kingdom. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EShe is a member in good standing of the American Society of Journalists and Authors and the Association of Health Care Journalists. Specializing in health, sports and history topics, Howley has earned several writing awards, placing first in the Writer’s Digest Annual Writing Competition for four years - 2012, 2013, 2020 and 2021 - for her feature profile stories that appeared in SWIMMER magazine and Outdoor Swimmer magazine. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EA southern New Jersey native, Howley earned a bachelor’s degree from Georgetown University (German language and studio art double major) and a master’s degree in publishing and writing from Emerson College in Boston. In addition to her writing, she is also a working artist, specializing in pastel portraits of animals. She currently lives in greater Boston. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Felainekhowley\u002F","experience":"Journalism, Editing","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Femkhowley","name":"Elaine K. Howley","id":"0000015a-4cf7-dd9c-adff-eef78c050000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Felaine-k-howley"}],"pubdate":"April 18, 2018"},{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fmedia-object\u002Fpromo-%AREA%.nunj","image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fc9\u002Fee\u002Fe8e033a24bcba3e8c2557531befd\u002F141201-cataractsurgery-stock.jpg","caption":"\u003Cdiv\u003EA surgeon conducts a cataract operation.\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"141201_CataractSurgery","tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F0000014a-0646-d98f-a5da-1ec65a640000\u002F141201-cataractsurgery-stock.jpg?update-time=1417444701188","update_time":1417444701188,"alt_text":"A surgeon conducts a cataract operation.","width":0,"id":"0000014a-0646-d98f-a5da-1ec65a640000","credit":"(iStockPhoto)","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0,"taggable_publish_date":"2014-12-01T14:38:20.943Z"},"heading":"Could Treating Vision Loss Help Older Adults Live Longer?","deck":"Research finds cataract surgery is associated with lower mortality – though it’s not clear why.","short_headline":"Could Treating Vision Loss Help Older Adults Live Longer?","blurb":"Research finds cataract surgery is associated with lower mortality – though it’s not clear why.","black_text":false,"is_logo":false,"id":"00000160-3790-dc60-af7a-7f906dd80000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2017-12-12\u002Fcould-treating-vision-loss-help-older-adults-live-longer","overline":{"pull_cta_url":false,"pull_short_headline":false,"new_window":false,"text":"Patient Advice","permalink":"","type":"internal-profile","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fsubjects\u002Fpatient-advice","campaign_id":"Patient Advice"},"headline":"Could Treating Vision Loss Help Older Adults Live Longer?","authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F49\u002F30\u002F214edd8848ff83dec20a3e1719b1\u002Fmichael-o-schroeder.jpg","caption":"Michael O. Schroeder","title":"Michael_O._Schroeder_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61b1-d187-a5cb-ffbd4b090000\u002Fmichael-o-schroeder.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Michael O. Schroeder","width":0,"id":"00000180-61b1-d187-a5cb-ffbd4b090000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"education":"Wabash College; Indiana University","role":"Former Staff Writer","short_bio":"Michael O. Schroeder was a health editor at U.S. News from 2015-2020. With over two decades of experience, he wrote health stories on a wide range of topics from mental health to medication side effects, and he managed the blog For Parents. Schroeder is also an active member of the Association of Health Care Journalists.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F77c9e7e\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F49%2F30%2F214edd8848ff83dec20a3e1719b1%2Fmichael-o-schroeder.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EMichael O. Schroede\u003C\u002Fb\u003Er was a health editor at U.S. News from 2015-2020. With over two decades of experience, he wrote health stories on a wide range of topics from mental health to medication side effects, and he managed the blog \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fwellness\u002Ffor-parents\"\u003EFor Parents\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003ESchroeder reported on health and wellness since 2005, and he's also covered everything from business news to governmental affairs for various newspapers. His stories have also been published in HuffPost, MSN, Yahoo!, WTOP, The Washington Post and The Indianapolis Star. He's also an active member of the Association of Health Care Journalists. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003ESchroeder has a bachelor’s degree in English from Wabash College and a master’s degree in journalism from Indiana University. ","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Fmichael-schroeder-b4b3765\u002F","experience":"Journalism","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002F@mikeschroederin","email_address":"mschroeder@usnews.com","name":"Michael O. Schroeder","id":"0000014c-5b46-d82a-affe-df56133e0000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fmichael-o-schroeder"}],"pubdate":"Dec. 12, 2017"},{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fmedia-object\u002Fpromo-%AREA%.nunj","image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F8e\u002Fb4\u002F3504e88f452d8041af0af5429cf4\u002F180223-maculardegeneration-stock.jpg","caption":"Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of visual loss in the U.S.","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"180223_MacularDegeneration","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000161-c3f5-d0bf-a9e7-d7f761500000\u002F180223-maculardegeneration-stock.jpg?update-time=1519411178567","update_time":1519411178567,"alt_text":"Senior Male With Macular Degeneration","width":2000,"id":"00000161-c3f5-d0bf-a9e7-d7f761500000","credit":"(Getty Images)","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":1333,"taggable_publish_date":"2018-02-23T18:39:37.679Z"},"heading":"Macular Degeneration: Managing This Vision Condition","short_headline":"Macular Degeneration: Managing This Vision Condition","deck":"Early treatment and vision rehabilitation help people stay independent and see as well as possible. ","blurb":"Early treatment and vision rehabilitation help people stay independent and see as well as possible. ","black_text":false,"is_logo":false,"id":"00000161-bb66-d66b-abf9-fbfe5fcc0001","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2018-02-23\u002Fmacular-degeneration-managing-this-vision-condition","overline":{"pull_cta_url":false,"pull_short_headline":false,"new_window":false,"text":"Patient Advice","permalink":"","type":"internal-profile","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fsubjects\u002Fpatient-advice","campaign_id":"Patient Advice"},"headline":"Macular Degeneration: Managing This Vision Condition","authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F9c\u002F78\u002Ff74f58654f3f9fcc5f613dbcaf25\u002Flisa-esposito.jpg","caption":"Lisa Esposito","title":"Lisa_Esposito_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61ae-d187-a5cb-ffbf46da0000\u002Flisa-esposito.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Lisa Esposito","width":0,"id":"00000180-61ae-d187-a5cb-ffbf46da0000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"education":"University of Maryland, Georgetown University","role":"Staff Writer","short_bio":"Lisa Esposito has been a patient advice reporter for U.S. News since 2014, writing about medical and mental health conditions, healthy aging and how patients can receive better hospital care. She has over two decades of experience. In 2016, she won a Media Orthopaedic Reporting Excellence award. ","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fc14a52b\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F9c%2F78%2Ff74f58654f3f9fcc5f613dbcaf25%2Flisa-esposito.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003ELisa Esposito\u003C\u002Fb\u003E has been a patient advice reporter for U.S. News since 2014, writing about medical and mental health conditions, healthy aging and how patients can receive better hospital care. She has over two decades of experience. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EWhile at U.S. News, Esposito has appeared on panels, reported on and contributed to media guidelines on responsible suicide coverage at the U.S Department of Health and Human Services and the Pentagon. In 2016, she won a Media Orthopaedic Reporting Excellence award. Previously, Esposito worked as a registered nurse in multiple hospitals, starting at the University of Maryland Cancer Center and ending at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EPrior to joining U.S. News, Esposito was editor of the Health Behavior News Service, editor of the Baltimore\u002FWashington edition of Gannett’s Nursing Spectrum and a freelance editor with HealthDay News. Esposito graduated with a bachelor’s degree from the University of Maryland School of Nursing and a master’s degree in journalism from Georgetown University. She is a member of the Association of Health Care Journalists.","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Flisaesposito\u002F","experience":"Journalism, Editing","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002Flisaespo","email_address":"lesposito@usnews.com","name":"Lisa Esposito","id":"00000145-af49-d1d4-ab57-bffd8e7f0000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Flisa-esposito"}],"pubdate":"Feb. 23, 2018"}]}},"label":"Read More About Macular Degeneration"},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Types\" id=\"types\"\u003ETypes\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the American Macular Degeneration Foundation, \"There are two basic types of macular degeneration: dry and wet. Approximately 85% to 90% of the cases\" are dry.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":1},"\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, there are four stages of macular degeneration, ranging in severity from mild to severe. People in the advanced stages of the disease are considered legally blind.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cb\u003EDry\u002Fearly age-related macular degeneration. \u003C\u002Fb\u003EDry age-related macular degeneration is the most common form of the disease, with nearly 90% of cases in this category. Most early cases of macular degeneration remain mild and don’t affect vision, says Dr. Carl Regillo, chief of retina service at Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, in Philadelphia. However, it still requires regular monitoring as there’s a small chance that it will progress into another form of age-related macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cb\u003EIntermediate age-related macular degeneration. \u003C\u002Fb\u003EIntermediate age-related macular degeneration also is a dry form of the disease. It usually is associated with some vision loss. Before the wet stage occurs, there is always some form of dry age-related macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cb\u003EGeographic atrophy.\u003C\u002Fb\u003E Although geographic atrophy is still a dry form of age-related macular degeneration, it is associated with more vision loss than the early or intermediate stages. For this reason, it’s considered an advanced form of the disease. Geographic atrophy can turn into wet age-related macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cb\u003EWet age-related macular degeneration\u003C\u002Fb\u003E. Wet age-related macular degeneration is also called advanced disease or neovascular age-related macular degeneration. It’s associated with the growth of abnormal blood vessels beneath the retina. These vessels may leak blood. Vision loss tends to be faster with wet age-related macular degeneration and is responsible for 90% of the vision loss from AMD, Khurana says. You can have both geographic atrophy and wet age-related macular degeneration in the same eye.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EIf wet age-related macular degeneration is caught early enough, you can usually preserve most of your vision.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Fleaderboard-b.nunj","static_template":true,"id":"00000156-523e-d46d-a956-573fb84f0000","label":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Fleaderboard-b.nunj"},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Causes\" id=\"causes\"\u003ECauses\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe exact causes of age-related macular degeneration are not always clear, although it's associated with aging, starting at age 50 and onward. Genetics, smoking and being white all have a role as well. Here's more information on the causes of macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EAging – specifically, being age 50 or older. “Age is part of the name and diagnosis,” says Dr. Charles Wykoff of Retina Consultants Houston in Houston. The risk for age-related macular degeneration significantly grows with each passing decade starting in the 50s, Wykoff says.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EGenetics, including a family history of age-related macular degeneration. There are dozens of genes associated with the disease, but genetic testing is not recommended by the AAO for the detection of age-related macular degeneration at this point because there is no perceived treatment benefit from the results, Khurana says.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EBeing white. In 2010, 89% of those who had age-related macular degeneration were white, according to the National Eye Institute.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003ESmoking. “Smoking doubles your risk, giving you another reason to quit,” Khurana says.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Fheart-disease\"\u003EHeart disease\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. Having a stroke or heart attack can increase your risk of developing age-related macular degeneration. Estimates vary among studies, but researchers have frequently found a link between heart disease and the occurrence of macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Symptoms\" id=\"symptoms\"\u003ESymptoms\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EInitially, you may not notice any symptoms if you have age-related macular degeneration. Some people who live a long time with a mild form may never notice a change in vision.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003ESymptoms of age-related macular degeneration include:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EBlurry vision.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003ESeeing black or dark areas in your central vision.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EVision that appears darker than before.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003ETrouble reading.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EDifficulty seeing details in both close and far vision.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E“Imagine you are looking at a clock with hands. With age-related macular degeneration, you might see the clock’s numbers but not the hands,” according to the AAO.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe symptoms of age-related macular degeneration may appear in one or both eyes. Sometimes, you could have age-related macular degeneration in one eye but not notice the symptoms because your other eye still sees well. It’s possible to have different stages of disease in each eye – or have disease in one eye but not in the other.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EIf you have these symptoms, you should see an eye doctor for a dilated eye exam. Although these are the typical symptoms associated with age-related macular degeneration, the disease may go undetected, especially if you have dry age-related macular degeneration, Khurana says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EIt's important to get diagnosed early because you have a better chance of preserving vision.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":2},"\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Diagnosis\" id=\"diagnosis\"\u003EDiagnosis\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe most common way that macular degeneration is diagnosed is with a dilated eye exam at a doctor’s office. A dilated eye exam is one of the most reliable ways that eye doctors can detect certain diseases, such as macular degeneration and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Feye-disease\u002Fglaucoma\"\u003Eglaucoma\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EDuring a dilated eye exam, you’ll receive special drops that allow the doctor to see the back of the eye, including the retina, macula and optic nerve. These drops make your eyes appear wider. Your eye doctor also may use something called an Amsler grid that can help measure changes or loss of your central vision.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EWhen checking for age-related macular degeneration, your doctor will look for signs of disease that are not visible to you, such as:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cul\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EYellow-colored deposits called drusen.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EBlood vessel growth that is abnormal.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EBlood vessels that leak fluid.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EDeposits of pigment underneath the retina.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAlthough some drusen are normal with age, medium or large drusen can indicate that you have age-related macular degeneration, according to the NEI. As drusen become bigger, the risk of dry age-related macular degeneration becoming wet age-related macular degeneration grows.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe items that eye doctors are looking for, such as drusen and abnormal blood vessels, only can be seen with a dilated eye exam or with special technology. Eye doctors also use a kind of imaging called optical coherence tomography, or OCT, which uses light waves to get pictures of sections of the retina. OCT testing doesn't hurt; you just place your head on a chin rest while images of your eye are taken with OCT.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAnother test used to diagnose AMD is a fluorescein angiogram. This consists of injecting a fluorescent dye in your arm and taking pictures as the colored dye passes through your eye’s blood vessels, according to the NEI. This helps eye doctors to see leaking blood vessels that are part of wet age-related macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":3},"\u003Cp\u003EYour eye doctor will combine the imaging results along with the exam findings to diagnose age-related macular degeneration, Wykoff says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Treatment\" id=\"treatment\"\u003ETreatment\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe treatment for age-related macular degeneration depends on the type that you have. However, early detection is always helpful in preserving your vision. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cb\u003EDry Age-Related Macular Degeneration\u003C\u002Fb\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThere are no treatments for the dry forms of age-related macular degeneration. If you have dry age-related macular degeneration, your eye doctor will likely prescribe \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fwellness\u002Ffood\u002Farticles\u002F2018-04-27\u002F6-myths-about-nutritional-supplements-you-must-know\"\u003Eover-the-counter vitamins\u003C\u002Fa\u003E called AREDS2, short for Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2. The AREDS2 vitamins contain lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, copper and vitamins C and E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAREDS2 is a formula developed after AREDS1, which had a slightly different combination of vitamins. In clinical trials, the AREDS vitamins helped reduce the risk of developing wet macular degeneration by about 25%. The patients in the trials had intermediate macular degeneration or advanced macular degeneration in one eye only. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EYour eye doctor can help you decide if taking the AREDS formula is right for you. It’s OK for most patients to take AREDS along with their multivitamin, Regillo says. However, always check with your doctor before using them.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAlthough some people will use AREDS vitamins if they have a family history of age-related macular degeneration and do not have the disease, the vitamins aren’t designed for this particular purpose. “There’s not data to support that this (works),” Wykoff says. However, if you have a mild form of the disease, it can help prevent it from becoming worse.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cb\u003EGeographic Atrophy\u003C\u002Fb\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThere are currently no treatments for geographic atrophy. People who have geographic atrophy can lose, on average, one line of vision each year. A line of vision refers to the lines on vision charts that are often at eye doctors' offices, which are used to help measure how well we see. Despite the lack of treatments for now, there are several potential treatments in development or in clinical trials, Wykoff notes, including special eye drops, gene therapy and cell transplantation.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":4},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cb\u003EWet Age-Related Macular Degeneration\u003C\u002Fb\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003ESince the early 2000s, eye doctors have had more reliable treatments to help those with wet age-related macular degeneration. These treatments don’t cure the disease, but they can lessen its effects. In some cases, they can bring back some of the lost vision. “Fortunately, we’ve had a revolution in how we care for [wet] age-related macular degeneration,” Khurana says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EFor wet AMD, there are two Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments called ranibizumab (Lucentis) and aflibercept (Eylea). A third treatment called bevacizumab (Avastin) is also used in some patients, but is not approved by the FDA for macular degeneration. (It's approved to treat certain cancers.) It’s used off-label.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EAll of these medications are what are known as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs. The treatments have specific engineered proteins that block the activity of proteins that help build blood vessels, Wykoff says. They can help decrease the number of abnormal blood vessels in the retina and stop these blood vessels from leaking.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe treatments for wet AMD are given through an injection in the vitreous cavity, which is a gel-filled area of the eye between the front of the eye and the retina. The injections are well tolerated by patients, Regillo says. If you receive one of these injections, your eye doctor will use an antiseptic drop as well as an anesthetic drop. You won’t feel the injection, but you may feel a little pressure in the eye. The injections are given at an eye doctor’s office.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":5},"\u003Cp\u003ENinety percent of the time, the injections given prevent vision from getting worse. In fact, about a third of patients gain some of their vision back, Khurana says. Most of these vision gains happen when the injections first start. The earlier that macular degeneration is detected, the greater chance that treatments can slow disease progression or help bring back lost vision, Wykoff says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EEye doctors will usually give these injections monthly until they see that signs of the disease have stopped appearing. Most people need to continue injections over their lifetime, Regillo adds. However, the frequency of injections are different for everyone. Some require the injections once a month, while other patients can wait up to six to eight weeks or more between injections. It depends on disease activity in each person.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EPhotodynamic therapy and laser surgery are older treatment options for age-related macular degeneration and are used much less frequently than anti-VEGF injections.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cb\u003EAssistive Devices\u003C\u002Fb\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EMany patients with age-related macular degeneration will use low-vision assistive devices, such as magnifiers, special reading glasses, large-print reading materials and other tools and technologies to help them see better. A vision rehabilitation specialist can help you learn how to use these types of devices, according to the AAO.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Fleaderboard-b.nunj","static_template":true,"id":"00000156-523e-d46d-a956-573fb84f0000","label":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Fleaderboard-b.nunj"},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Health Care Providers\" id=\"providers\"\u003EHealth Care Providers That Treat Macular Degeneration\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"dynamic-enhancement","component":"DynamicEnhancement\u002FDoctorsNearby.js","endpoint":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fdoctors\u002Fsearch-data?specialty=Ophthalmology","black_text":false,"heading":"Ophthalmologists Near You","id":"0000016c-24c5-d6ee-a17d-34c53eb80000","label":"Ophthalmologists Near You","permalink":""},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"dynamic-enhancement","component":"DynamicEnhancement\u002FDoctorsNearby.js","endpoint":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fdoctors\u002Fsearch-data?specialty=Ophthalmology","black_text":false,"heading":"Ophthalmologists Near You","id":"0000016c-24c5-d6ee-a17d-34c53eb80000","label":"Ophthalmologists Near You","permalink":""},"\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Prevention\" id=\"prevention\"\u003EPrevention\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EThe best way to help prevent or slow age-related macular degeneration is with a dilated \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2019-01-21\u002Fwhat-seniors-need-to-know-about-vision-loss\"\u003Eeye exam every year or every other year, starting at age 50\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. The AAO recommends getting a baseline dilated eye exam at age 40, Khurana says. This is to help detect other serious eye problems that are seen via a dilated exam. If you have dry age-related macular degeneration, your eye doctor may want you to have a dilated exam more frequently, he adds.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":6},"\u003Cp\u003EThese regular eye exams can help monitor for age-related macular degeneration as well as other eye problems that come up as people age, including glaucoma and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Ffor-better\u002Farticles\u002Fcataracts-what-to-look-for\"\u003Ecataracts\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003ERegular dilated eye exams are especially important if you have certain diseases such as diabetes. That's because having diabetes can raise your risk for many types of eye problems, including age-related macular degeneration. Dilated eye checks can help monitor for other diseases, such as \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fhealth-care\u002Fpatient-advice\u002Farticles\u002F2017-07-18\u002Fwhat-is-diabetic-retinopathy\"\u003Ediabetic retinopathy\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EIf you smoke, use whatever resources available you have to quit. Smoking raises the risk for age-related macular degeneration.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EA heart-healthy diet may play a role in decreasing the risk of age-related macular degeneration developing or progressing. Consuming more dark leafy greens, colorful vegetables and cold water fish might help, Regillo notes. Consuming seven ounces of vegetables a day, two servings of fruit and fish twice a week were associated with a lower risk of macular degeneration, according to a 2019 \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Fpubmed\u002F30312575\" target=\"_blank\"\u003Estudy\u003C\u002Fa\u003E in the American Journal of Ophthalmology.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EMaintaining normal blood pressure and cholesterol numbers also may have a positive effect on keeping age-related macular degeneration away.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","\u003Cp\u003EIf you suspect you have age-related macular degeneration, it’s important to see an eye doctor. “It’s important to know if you have wet or dry AMD. Don’t assume that you know which one it is,” Wykoff says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Fads\u002Farbitrary-body-rectangle-wrapper.nunj","hide":false,"alignment":"right","ad_num":7},"\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Clabel data-toc-text=\"Related Articles\" id=\"related-articles\"\u003ERelated Articles\u003C\u002Flabel\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E","\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E",{"template":"templates\u002Fcommon\u002Frelated-articles\u002Frelated-articles.nunj","finite":false,"id":"0000016d-bbd5-d734-a36d-ffffc6700000","label":"Infinite Scroll – Related Articles - Eye Disease","permalink":"","related_content":[{"image":{"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F0000017f-8961-dded-a9ff-9dfd36080000\u002Fgettyimages-1347579052.jpg?update-time=1647277506104","update_time":1647277506104,"alt_text":"Attractive mature woman with eye sight problems using her glasses to read a book at home","base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F24\u002F5c\u002Fbc4f64704de8b56c7ba27fec788a\u002Fgettyimages-1347579052.jpg","id":"0000017f-8961-dded-a9ff-9dfd36080000","title":"220314_ReadingGlasses","credit":"(Getty Images)","permalink":""},"sources":[{"name":"Robert C. Layman, OD","bio":"Layman is an optometrist who lives in Toledo, Ohio, and is president of the American Optometric Association. ","id":"0000017f-7535-d5b0-a17f-fdbd856b0000","permalink":""},{"name":"Michael Shumski, MD, MSE","bio":"Shumski is an ophthalmologist specializing in cataract and refractive surgery at Magruder Laser Vision in Orlando, Florida.","id":"0000017f-7536-d5b0-a17f-fdbec1d70000","permalink":""},{"website":{"text":"Thomas Steinemann, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.metrohealth.org\u002Fphysician\u002Fthomas-steinemann-026047"},"name":"Thomas Steinemann, MD","bio":"Steinemann is a spokesperson for the American Academy of Ophthalmology and professor of ophthalmology at MetroHealth Medical Center in Cleveland.","id":"00000171-e54e-dff5-a371-edcf62ff0000","permalink":""},{"name":"George O. Waring IV, MD, FACS","bio":"Waring is the founder and director of the Waring Vision Institute in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina.","id":"0000017f-753a-d5b0-a17f-fdbe37ce0000","permalink":""}],"short_headline":"What Is Presbyopia?","deck":"If you're over 40 and you have blurry vision close up, you may have presbyopia.","id":"0000017f-7013-dbf5-a97f-fb1b28950001","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Farticles\u002Fpresbyopia","overline":{"new_window":false,"text":"Conditions","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions"},"headline":"What Is Presbyopia? Symptoms and Solutions for Better Sight","publications":[],"authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F2b\u002F12\u002F7a23955947d5b9367cf91bec4fbe\u002Fvanessa-caceres.jpg","caption":"Vanessa Caceres ","title":"Vanessa_Caceres__bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61b3-d187-a5cb-ffbfb9970000\u002Fvanessa-caceres.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Vanessa Caceres ","width":0,"id":"00000180-61b3-d187-a5cb-ffbfb9970000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttp:\u002F\u002Fwww.twitter.com\u002FFloridaCulture","education":"Hampshire College, Georgetown University","role":"Contributor","short_bio":"Vanessa Caceres began writing for U.S. News in 2017, originally specializing in diabetes. She’s a nationally published health, travel and food writer. In addition to U.S. News, Caceres's health writing has been published with Everyday Health, Self, Newsday HealthLink, EyeWorld, The Rheumatologist and various other publications. ","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fbdabb2a\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F2b%2F12%2F7a23955947d5b9367cf91bec4fbe%2Fvanessa-caceres.jpg","name":"Vanessa Caceres ","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EVanessa Caceres\u003C\u002Fb\u003E began writing for U.S. News in 2017, originally specializing in diabetes. She’s a nationally published health, travel and food writer with an undergraduate degree in journalism and psychology from Hampshire College in Amherst, Massachusetts, and a graduate degree in linguistics\u002Fbilingual education from Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EIn addition to U.S. News, Caceres's health writing has been published with Everyday Health, Self, Newsday HealthLink, EyeWorld, The Rheumatologist and various other publications. She is a member of Business Networking International (BNI). Vanessa has lived in Florida since 2009, when she became fascinated by the Sunshine State. That fascination led to Florida-themed articles published in regional and national publications, and on websites. ","id":"00000150-d2f0-df73-adf4-daf7dc1e0000","experience":"Journalism","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fvanessa-caceres"}],"pubdate":"March 14, 2022"},{"image":{"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000173-b569-d537-a1f7-b7ff30fc0000\u002F200803-graphic.jpg?update-time=1596476483167","update_time":1596476483167,"alt_text":"Asian woman take an eye deop","base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fe3\u002F35\u002Fe30020ad4712a1945cb80fa3dff0\u002F200803-graphic.jpg","caption":"Unlike with viral pinkeye, experts recommend treating bacterial conjunctivitis.","id":"00000173-b569-d537-a1f7-b7ff30fc0000","title":"200803_EyeDrops","credit":"(Getty Images)","permalink":""},"sources":[{"website":{"text":"Sumitra Khandelwal, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.bcm.edu\u002Fpeople\u002Fview\u002Fsumitra-khandelwal-m-d\u002F031309ba-40e7-11e3-9de7-005056b104be","target":"_blank"},"name":"Sumitra Khandelwal, MD","bio":"Khandelwal is medical director of the Lions Eye Bank of Texas in Houston and associate professor of ophthalmology at the Baylor College of Medicine in Texas.","id":"0000016f-b4d8-d65c-a7ef-fefcd3ce0000","permalink":""},{"website":{"text":"Jeff Pettey, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealthcare.utah.edu\u002Ffad\u002Fmddetail.php?physicianID=u0056617&name=jeff-pettey","target":"_blank"},"name":"Jeff Pettey, MD, MBA","bio":"Jeff Pettey is the Moran Eye Center Vice Chair of Education and an Associate Professor at the University of Utah Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences. Pettey specializes in complex cataract surgery and complex anterior segment surgery as with post-traumatic eye injuries.","id":"0000016f-b4d9-df6f-a5ef-b5dfde2d0000","permalink":""},{"website":{"text":"Kamran Riaz, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttp:\u002F\u002Fdmei.org\u002Fkamran-m-riaz-md","target":"_blank"},"name":"Kamran Riaz, MD","bio":"Dr. Kamran Riaz is a fellowship-trained and board-certified ophthalmologist whose clinical and surgical practices focus on cornea, external disease, anterior segment, cataract, and refractive surgery. He is currently a clinical associate professor at the Dean McGee Eye Institute at the University of Oklahoma in Oklahoma City.","id":"0000016f-b4da-d65c-a7ef-fefeb4a50000","permalink":""}],"short_headline":"Viral vs. Bacterial Pinkeye","deck":"There are a number of causes of conjunctivitis and ways to treat it or soothe symptoms.","id":"0000016f-b4c2-d65c-a7ef-fee6baa50000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Feye-disease\u002Fconjunctivitis\u002Farticles\u002Fviral-vs-bacterial-conjunctivitis","overline":{"new_window":false,"text":"Patient Advice","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fsubjects\u002Fpatient-advice"},"headline":"Viral vs. Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pinkeye): What's the Difference?","publications":[],"authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F49\u002F30\u002F214edd8848ff83dec20a3e1719b1\u002Fmichael-o-schroeder.jpg","caption":"Michael O. Schroeder","title":"Michael_O._Schroeder_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61b1-d187-a5cb-ffbd4b090000\u002Fmichael-o-schroeder.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Michael O. Schroeder","width":0,"id":"00000180-61b1-d187-a5cb-ffbd4b090000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"education":"Wabash College; Indiana University","role":"Former Staff Writer","short_bio":"Michael O. Schroeder was a health editor at U.S. News from 2015-2020. With over two decades of experience, he wrote health stories on a wide range of topics from mental health to medication side effects, and he managed the blog For Parents. Schroeder is also an active member of the Association of Health Care Journalists.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F77c9e7e\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F49%2F30%2F214edd8848ff83dec20a3e1719b1%2Fmichael-o-schroeder.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EMichael O. Schroede\u003C\u002Fb\u003Er was a health editor at U.S. News from 2015-2020. With over two decades of experience, he wrote health stories on a wide range of topics from mental health to medication side effects, and he managed the blog \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fwellness\u002Ffor-parents\"\u003EFor Parents\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003ESchroeder reported on health and wellness since 2005, and he's also covered everything from business news to governmental affairs for various newspapers. His stories have also been published in HuffPost, MSN, Yahoo!, WTOP, The Washington Post and The Indianapolis Star. He's also an active member of the Association of Health Care Journalists. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003ESchroeder has a bachelor’s degree in English from Wabash College and a master’s degree in journalism from Indiana University. ","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Fmichael-schroeder-b4b3765\u002F","experience":"Journalism","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002F@mikeschroederin","email_address":"mschroeder@usnews.com","name":"Michael O. Schroeder","id":"0000014c-5b46-d82a-affe-df56133e0000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fmichael-o-schroeder"},{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fce\u002F4f\u002Fa5f55925496b826f3bef014b55dd\u002Fpaul-krieger.jpg","caption":"Paul Krieger","title":"Paul_Krieger_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61c0-d187-a5cb-ffddbc850000\u002Fpaul-krieger.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Paul Krieger","width":0,"id":"00000180-61c0-d187-a5cb-ffddbc850000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"website":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.mountsinai.org\u002Fprofiles\u002Fpaul-krieger","education":"Ohio Wesleyan University, Medical College of Ohio","role":"Contributor","credentials":"MD","short_bio":"\u003Cb data-rte2-sanitize=\"bold\"\u003EPaul H. Krieger, MD\u003C\u002Fb\u003E, is an emergency medicine physician with more than 17 years of clinical and academic experience. He practices emergency medicine and works as an assistant clinical professor at the Mount Sinai health system in New York City. Krieger is board-certified in emergency medicine.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F7f32d5d\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2Fce%2F4f%2Fa5f55925496b826f3bef014b55dd%2Fpaul-krieger.jpg","bio":"\u003Ch3\u003EExperience\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EOver 17 years of clinical and academic experience.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EBoard certified in emergency medicine by the American Board of Emergency Medicine.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPublished author, served on several LGBTQ and diversity committees.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\u003C\u002Ful\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cb data-rte2-sanitize=\"bold\"\u003EPaul H. Krieger, MD\u003C\u002Fb\u003E, is an emergency medicine physician with more than 17 years of clinical and academic experience. He practices emergency medicine and works as an assistant clinical professor at the Mount Sinai health system in New York City. Krieger is board-certified in emergency medicine by the American Board of Emergency Medicine.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EHe received his medical degree at the Medical College of Ohio in 2004 before completing his residency training in emergency medicine at Albert Einstein’s Manhattan campus at Beth Israel Medical Center. He received his bachelor’s degree from Ohio Wesleyan University.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EKrieger is an invited and national speaker in emergency medicine, LGBTQ health and health care disparities. He has served and chaired both national and local hospital LGBTQ and diversity committees. Krieger is a published author in multiple peer-reviewed journals and textbooks and served as a peer reviewer for Annals of Emergency Medicine.","experience":"Emergency Medicine, LGBTQ Health, LGBTQ Health Care Disparities","author_type":{"name":"MEDICAL_REVIEWER","ordinal":0,"type":"Medical Reviewer","blurb":"Medically reviewed by"},"reviewer_specialty":{"path":"#emergency-medicine","name":"Emergency Medicine","id":"0000017a-639f-d01d-ab7e-fb9f2da70000","permalink":""},"name":"Paul Krieger","id":"00000179-a4eb-d7d7-a5fd-eefb92bd0000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fpaul-krieger"}],"pubdate":"Sept. 9, 2021"},{"image":{"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000174-78d4-de6f-a1ff-fed772a70000\u002F200910-coronavirusgoggles-stock.jpg?update-time=1599755079293","update_time":1599755079293,"alt_text":"Shot of a young man putting on his protective gear before the decontamination process","base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fb1\u002F8f\u002F0c04888e43abb3766c78f976a20a\u002F200910-coronavirusgoggles-stock.jpg","caption":"","id":"00000174-78d4-de6f-a1ff-fed772a70000","title":"200910_CoronavirusGoggles","credit":"(Getty Images)","permalink":""},"sources":[{"website":{"text":"Thomas Steinemann, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.metrohealth.org\u002Fphysician\u002Fthomas-steinemann-026047"},"name":"Thomas Steinemann, MD","bio":"Steinemann is a spokesperson for the American Academy of Ophthalmology and professor of ophthalmology at MetroHealth Medical Center in Cleveland.","id":"00000171-e54e-dff5-a371-edcf62ff0000","permalink":""},{"website":{"text":"Lyndon Jones, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fuwaterloo.ca\u002Foptometry-vision-science\u002Fpeople-profiles\u002Flyndon-jones"},"name":"Lyndon Jones, MD","bio":"Jones is the director of the Centre for Ocular Research and Education at the University of Waterloo in Canada.","id":"00000174-7822-dce8-a577-fe366a050000","permalink":""}],"short_headline":"Protecting Your Eyes From COVID-19","deck":"While it’s not clear if the infection can pass through the eyes, people in high-risk environments may benefit from eye protection.","id":"00000174-59b9-d1be-a1fc-dbbdbaeb0000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Fcoronavirus-and-your-health\u002Fprotecting-your-eyes-from-the-coronavirus","overline":{"new_window":false,"text":"Conditions","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions"},"headline":"Protecting Your Eyes From the Coronavirus","publications":[],"authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F6f\u002F4f\u002F8a13d7834783b249deb5ed40d1db\u002Fdavid-levine.jpg","caption":"David Levine","title":"David_Levine_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf889c0000\u002Fdavid-levine.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"David Levine","width":0,"id":"00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf889c0000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"website":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fdavidlevinefreelance.contently.com","education":"University of Rochester","role":"Contributor","short_bio":"David Levine has been covering a wide range of health topics, including mental and behavioral health, health disparity, health insurance coverage and many others, since 2017. A former health columnist for Governing Magazine and contributing writer for athenaInsight, he currently writes about health and wellness for several publications.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fe06178a\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F6f%2F4f%2F8a13d7834783b249deb5ed40d1db%2Fdavid-levine.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003EDavid Levine\u003C\u002Fb\u003E has been covering a wide range of health topics, including mental and behavioral health, health disparity and inequity, health insurance coverage and many others, since 2017. A former health columnist for Governing Magazine and contributing writer for athenaInsight, he currently writes about health and wellness for Wainscot Health Media, Health Monitor and other publications, and he is a regular contributor to Super Lawyers and other magazines.\u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EHe also writes about lifestyle and general interest topics, from history and business to beer and baseball, as a contributing writer for Hudson Valley, Westchester and 914Inc magazines. Levine’s new book, “The Hudson Valley: The First 250 Million Years,” was published in February 2020 by Globe Pequot Press. It is available on \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.amazon.com\u002FHudson-Valley-Chronological-Occasionally-Personal\u002Fdp\u002F1493047892\u002Fref=sr_1_1?keywords=9781493047895&qid=1581601229&sr=8-1 \" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAmazon\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and wherever books are sold. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EHis freelance writing has appeared in The New York Times, Sports Illustrated, American Heritage, The New York Daily News Sunday Magazine and dozens of other publications. A former staff editor and writer at SPORT magazine, he appeared on the \"Today Show\" twice to promote his work for the magazine. He is also the author or co-author of six sports books, including “Life on the Rim” (Macmillan) and “In the Land of Giants” (Little, Brown). His writing has helped many companies win numerous publishing awards, including the Aster, Apex, World Wide Web Health, Society for Technical Communications and Health Information awards. ","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttp:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Fdavidlevinefreelance","experience":"Editing, Journalism","name":"David Levine","id":"0000015a-ce02-d70e-a5fe-ffd3e0c20000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fdavid-levine"}],"pubdate":"Sept. 10, 2020"},{"image":{"image_source_type":{"name":"STOCK","value":"Stock","ordinal":2},"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Ffc\u002Ff5\u002F2239c80b4488b14e0e66838682a2\u002F200803-stock.jpg","caption":"","cms_seo_keywords":[],"title":"200803_DryEye","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000173-b564-db5e-a9f7-bdff1cf30000\u002F200803-stock.jpg?update-time=1596476240808","update_time":1596476240808,"alt_text":"Business woman with hands on her face looking exhausted","width":2000,"id":"00000173-b564-db5e-a9f7-bdff1cf30000","credit":"Getty Images","cms_seo_robots":[],"permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":1333,"taggable_publish_date":"2020-08-03T17:37:11.806Z"},"sources":[{"name":"Brad Brocwell, MD","bio":"Brocwell is vice president of clinical operations for Now Optics, which consists of the retail brands MyEyelab and Station Optical. He’s based in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.","id":"00000173-a0bf-d150-a17b-f1ff47890000","permalink":""},{"name":"Preeya K. Gupta, MD","bio":"Gupta is an associate professor of opthamology at the Duke University School of Medicine in Durham, North Carolina.","id":"00000173-a0c2-d150-a17b-f1ca01fc0000","permalink":""},{"name":"Rony R. Sayegh, MD","bio":"Sayegh is an opthamologist with the Cole Eye Institute at the Cleveland Clinic. ","id":"00000173-a0c3-d150-a17b-f1cb4a250000","permalink":""}],"splash_cta_is_enabled":false,"deck":"Redness, itching and sensitivity to light could all be indications of dry eye disease. ","short_headline":"9 Signs of Dry Eye Disease","id":"00000173-9c27-d6bd-a7f3-dcef43ec0001","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fwellness\u002Fslideshows\u002Fsigns-of-dry-eye-disease","overline":{"new_window":false,"text":"Patient Advice","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fsubjects\u002Fpatient-advice"},"headline":"9 Signs of Dry Eye Disease","publications":[],"authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fc4\u002F95\u002Fc972889e40319f62cb8d43d0bf08\u002Fruben-castaneda.jpg","caption":"Ruben Castaneda","title":"Ruben_Castaneda_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61b7-d187-a5cb-ffbfe6bd0000\u002Fruben-castaneda.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"Ruben Castaneda","width":0,"id":"00000180-61b7-d187-a5cb-ffbfe6bd0000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"website":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRuben_Castaneda","education":"University of Southern California","role":"Staff Writer","short_bio":"Ruben Castaneda has worked at U.S. News since September 2016. Castaneda has written extensively about Baby Boomer health and exercise habits, strategies for losing weight, health care issues affecting distressed communities, yoga and substance misuse. He has over two decades of experience and received several awards.","image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F7ec0a45\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2Fc4%2F95%2Fc972889e40319f62cb8d43d0bf08%2Fruben-castaneda.jpg","bio":"\u003Cb\u003ERuben Castaneda\u003C\u002Fb\u003E has worked at U.S. News since September 2016. Castaneda has written extensively about Baby Boomer health and exercise habits, strategies for losing weight, health care issues affecting distressed communities, yoga and substance misuse. In 2018, the National Press Foundation chose Castaneda as one of 15 journalists nationwide to participate in a deep dive seminar into reporting on the opioids crisis. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EIn 2017, the USC Center for Health Journalism named Castaneda one of 24 journalists chosen from around the nation to participate in the center's National Fellowship. Castaneda was awarded a grant from the Dennis A. Hunt Health Journalism Fund. The grant helped support Castaneda's reporting for a five-part series U.S. News published focusing on how the Trump administration's immigration policies are affecting the health and well-being of children of immigrants, their parents and health care providers and teachers who work with the kids. He has appeared multiple times on \"Just Ask David,\" a podcast that covers health and beauty issues. \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EBefore joining U.S. News, Castaneda worked as a reporter for 22 years at The Washington Post, where he primarily covered crime in the District of Columbia and courts and police misconduct in Prince George's County, Maryland. His 2014 nonfiction book, \"S Street Rising: Crack, Murder and Redemption in D.C.\" chronicles Castaneda's struggle with crack addiction while covering the crime beat for the Post during the violent crack era. The Post named \"S Street\" one of 50 notable works of nonfiction published that year. Castaneda has also appeared on NPR, CNN's \"Reliable Sources\" and on several local TV news shows . \u003Cbr\u002F\u003E\u003Cbr\u002F\u003EHe has written for Politico, Washington City Paper, Los Angeles Weekly and Hispanic Magazine. Castaneda is a member of the Association of Health Care Journalists and the National Association of Hispanic Journalists. Castaneda graduated with a degree in journalism from the University of Southern California and completed a six-week fellowship at Duke University, part of a partnership with The Post. ","linkedin":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Fruben-castaneda-14039a12\u002F","experience":"Journalism, Strategic Communication, Editing","twitter":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002FRCastanedaUSN?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor","name":"Ruben Castaneda","id":"00000157-005f-d00c-a1d7-4affd8340000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fruben-castaneda"}],"pubdate":"Aug. 3, 2020"},{"image":{"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000171-e5bb-d394-a7f7-f7bf53e60000\u002F200505-stock.jpg?update-time=1588697269319","update_time":1588697269319,"alt_text":"Shot of an attractive young woman putting in her contact lenses at home","base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002Fa3\u002F4b\u002F749092264577bee0a7bee32569a1\u002F200505-stock.jpg","caption":"","id":"00000171-e5bb-d394-a7f7-f7bf53e60000","title":"200505_ContactLenses","credit":"(Getty Images)","permalink":""},"sources":[{"website":{"text":"Thomas Steinemann, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.metrohealth.org\u002Fphysician\u002Fthomas-steinemann-026047"},"name":"Thomas Steinemann, MD","bio":"Steinemann is a spokesperson for the American Academy of Ophthalmology and professor of ophthalmology at MetroHealth Medical Center in Cleveland.","id":"00000171-e54e-dff5-a371-edcf62ff0000","permalink":""},{"website":{"text":"Dianna Seldomridge, MD","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.dukehealth.org\u002Ffind-doctors-physicians\u002Fdianna-l-seldomridge-md"},"name":"Dianna Seldomridge, MD","bio":"Seldomridge is an ophthalmologist with the Duke University Health System in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. She is also a spokesperson for the American Academy of Ophthalmology.","id":"00000171-e554-dff5-a371-edd56df60001","permalink":""}],"short_headline":"Do Contacts Increase Coronavirus Risk?","deck":"The coronavirus can spread through the eyes, so to avoid touching them it’s best to wear glasses for now.","id":"00000171-cbe2-dffa-a3ff-cbef3b510000","permalink":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Farticles\u002Fcontact-lenses-coronavirus-risk","overline":{"new_window":false,"text":"Conditions","permalink":"","type":"external","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions"},"headline":"Do Contact Lenses Increase the Risk for a Coronavirus Infection?","publications":[],"authors":[{"should_disable_ads":false,"image":{"base_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fcmsmedia\u002F6f\u002F4f\u002F8a13d7834783b249deb5ed40d1db\u002Fdavid-levine.jpg","caption":"David Levine","title":"David_Levine_bio","tags":[],"series_tags":[],"resize_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fobject\u002Fimage\u002F00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf889c0000\u002Fdavid-levine.jpg?update-time=","alt_text":"David Levine","width":0,"id":"00000180-61ba-d187-a5cb-ffbf889c0000","credit":"U.S. News & World Report","permalink":"","pending_approval":false,"height":0},"website":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fdavidlevinefreelance.contently.com","education":"University of Rochester","role":"Contributor","short_bio":"David Levine has been covering a wide range of health topics, including mental and behavioral health, health disparity, health insurance coverage and many others, since 2017. 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About half of Americans have at least one of these.","page_container":"containers\u002Fpages\u002Fhealth\u002Fconditions\u002Fguide\u002Findex.js"},"meta_tags":[{"name":"brightspot.contentId","content":"0000016d-1bcd-dbd7-afed-9fdf61860001"},{"property":"og:site_name","content":"US News & World Report"},{"property":"og:title","content":"A Patient's Guide to Macular Degeneration"},{"property":"og:description","content":"Learn about the symptoms, causes and treatment options for this age-related eye disease."},{"property":"og:url","content":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Feye-disease\u002Fmacular-degeneration"},{"property":"og:image","content":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F0e0bb47\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F970x647\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2Fe9%2F9a%2F18f859c649a9871e81169f8480e8%2F190910-oldereyes-stock.jpg"},{"property":"og:image:secure_url","content":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F0e0bb47\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F970x647\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2Fe9%2F9a%2F18f859c649a9871e81169f8480e8%2F190910-oldereyes-stock.jpg"},{"property":"twitter:image","content":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F0e0bb47\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F970x647\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2Fe9%2F9a%2F18f859c649a9871e81169f8480e8%2F190910-oldereyes-stock.jpg"},{"property":"og:type","content":"article"},{"property":"og:site_name","content":"US News & World Report"},{"property":"og:url","content":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Feye-disease\u002Fmacular-degeneration"},{"name":"twitter:card","content":"summary_large_image"},{"name":"twitter:site","content":"@USNews"},{"name":"twitter:title","content":"A Patient's Guide to Macular Degeneration"},{"name":"twitter:description","content":"Learn about the symptoms, causes and treatment options for this age-related eye disease."},{"name":"google-site-verification","content":"owJBuFHD3VHcTSsnPSOYizmUcs3GSBjbx09vBbBi1MM"},{"name":"msvalidate.01","content":"A8E47FA91124063A4A9C78AD5273DC0F"},{"property":"fb:app_id","content":"130063997038366"},{"property":"sailthru.date","content":"2019-09-10T12:07Z"},{"property":"sailthru.author","content":"Vanessa Caceres "},{"property":"vertical","content":"Health"},{"property":"preview","content":"Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of vision loss in those who are age 50 or older. In fact, 11 million people in the U.S. have some type of age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation. That number is expected to double by 2050 as the population ..."}],"structured_data":{"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","width":"970","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F0e0bb47\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F970x647\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2Fe9%2F9a%2F18f859c649a9871e81169f8480e8%2F190910-oldereyes-stock.jpg","height":"647"},"wordCount":2328,"keywords":["Vanessa Caceres ","eye problems","eye health","macular degeneration","ophthalmology","patient advice","atlasconditionguide","condition-guide-related-eye-disease","Conditions","Patient Advice"],"articleBody":"Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of vision loss in those who are age 50 or older. In fact, 11 million people in the U.S. have some type of age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation. That number is expected to double by 2050 as the population ages. By 2020, an estimated 196 million people will be living with age-related macular degeneration, according to the BrightFocus Foundation, a nonprofit that supports research and education about eye and brain diseases.Our eyes have a retina, a thin tissue layer in the back of the eye that helps us sense light and send images of what we are seeing to our brain. One part of the retina is called the macula, and the macula gives us the crisp vision we need for common tasks like reading or driving.Sometimes called ARMD or AMD (they are the same thing), age-related macular degeneration occurs when the macula doesn't work like it should. Although macular degeneration typically doesn't hurt, it can affect your ability to see well. Age-related macular degeneration can lead to a loss of the central part of vision needed for important daily tasks or for seeing things like faces clearly, says Dr. Rahul Khurana, an American Academy of Ophthalmology spokesperson who practices at Northern California Retina Vitreous Associates in Daly City, California. Your peripheral vision remains.A couple of decades ago, a diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration was a “one-way ticket to blindness,” Khurana explains. Nowadays, there are treatments available to help slow its progression, along with many other potential treatments in clinical trials.According to the American Macular Degeneration Foundation, \"There are two basic types of macular degeneration: dry and wet. Approximately 85% to 90% of the cases\" are dry.In addition, there are four stages of macular degeneration, ranging in severity from mild to severe. People in the advanced stages of the disease are considered legally blind.Dry\u002Fearly age-related macular degeneration. Dry age-related macular degeneration is the most common form of the disease, with nearly 90% of cases in this category. Most early cases of macular degeneration remain mild and don’t affect vision, says Dr. Carl Regillo, chief of retina service at Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, in Philadelphia. However, it still requires regular monitoring as there’s a small chance that it will progress into another form of age-related macular degeneration.Intermediate age-related macular degeneration. Intermediate age-related macular degeneration also is a dry form of the disease. It usually is associated with some vision loss. Before the wet stage occurs, there is always some form of dry age-related macular degeneration.Geographic atrophy. Although geographic atrophy is still a dry form of age-related macular degeneration, it is associated with more vision loss than the early or intermediate stages. For this reason, it’s considered an advanced form of the disease. Geographic atrophy can turn into wet age-related macular degeneration.Wet age-related macular degeneration. Wet age-related macular degeneration is also called advanced disease or neovascular age-related macular degeneration. It’s associated with the growth of abnormal blood vessels beneath the retina. These vessels may leak blood. Vision loss tends to be faster with wet age-related macular degeneration and is responsible for 90% of the vision loss from AMD, Khurana says. You can have both geographic atrophy and wet age-related macular degeneration in the same eye.If wet age-related macular degeneration is caught early enough, you can usually preserve most of your vision.The exact causes of age-related macular degeneration are not always clear, although it's associated with aging, starting at age 50 and onward. Genetics, smoking and being white all have a role as well. Here's more information on the causes of macular degeneration.Aging – specifically, being age 50 or older. “Age is part of the name and diagnosis,” says Dr. Charles Wykoff of Retina Consultants Houston in Houston. The risk for age-related macular degeneration significantly grows with each passing decade starting in the 50s, Wykoff says.Genetics, including a family history of age-related macular degeneration. There are dozens of genes associated with the disease, but genetic testing is not recommended by the AAO for the detection of age-related macular degeneration at this point because there is no perceived treatment benefit from the results, Khurana says.Being white. In 2010, 89% of those who had age-related macular degeneration were white, according to the National Eye Institute.Smoking. “Smoking doubles your risk, giving you another reason to quit,” Khurana says.Heart disease. Having a stroke or heart attack can increase your risk of developing age-related macular degeneration. Estimates vary among studies, but researchers have frequently found a link between heart disease and the occurrence of macular degeneration.Initially, you may not notice any symptoms if you have age-related macular degeneration. Some people who live a long time with a mild form may never notice a change in vision.Symptoms of age-related macular degeneration include:Blurry vision.Seeing black or dark areas in your central vision.Vision that appears darker than before.Trouble reading.Difficulty seeing details in both close and far vision.“Imagine you are looking at a clock with hands. With age-related macular degeneration, you might see the clock’s numbers but not the hands,” according to the AAO.The symptoms of age-related macular degeneration may appear in one or both eyes. Sometimes, you could have age-related macular degeneration in one eye but not notice the symptoms because your other eye still sees well. It’s possible to have different stages of disease in each eye – or have disease in one eye but not in the other.If you have these symptoms, you should see an eye doctor for a dilated eye exam. Although these are the typical symptoms associated with age-related macular degeneration, the disease may go undetected, especially if you have dry age-related macular degeneration, Khurana says.It's important to get diagnosed early because you have a better chance of preserving vision.The most common way that macular degeneration is diagnosed is with a dilated eye exam at a doctor’s office. A dilated eye exam is one of the most reliable ways that eye doctors can detect certain diseases, such as macular degeneration and glaucoma. During a dilated eye exam, you’ll receive special drops that allow the doctor to see the back of the eye, including the retina, macula and optic nerve. These drops make your eyes appear wider. Your eye doctor also may use something called an Amsler grid that can help measure changes or loss of your central vision.When checking for age-related macular degeneration, your doctor will look for signs of disease that are not visible to you, such as:Yellow-colored deposits called drusen.Blood vessel growth that is abnormal.Blood vessels that leak fluid.Deposits of pigment underneath the retina.Although some drusen are normal with age, medium or large drusen can indicate that you have age-related macular degeneration, according to the NEI. As drusen become bigger, the risk of dry age-related macular degeneration becoming wet age-related macular degeneration grows.The items that eye doctors are looking for, such as drusen and abnormal blood vessels, only can be seen with a dilated eye exam or with special technology. Eye doctors also use a kind of imaging called optical coherence tomography, or OCT, which uses light waves to get pictures of sections of the retina. OCT testing doesn't hurt; you just place your head on a chin rest while images of your eye are taken with OCT.Another test used to diagnose AMD is a fluorescein angiogram. This consists of injecting a fluorescent dye in your arm and taking pictures as the colored dye passes through your eye’s blood vessels, according to the NEI. This helps eye doctors to see leaking blood vessels that are part of wet age-related macular degeneration.Your eye doctor will combine the imaging results along with the exam findings to diagnose age-related macular degeneration, Wykoff says.The treatment for age-related macular degeneration depends on the type that you have. However, early detection is always helpful in preserving your vision. Dry Age-Related Macular DegenerationThere are no treatments for the dry forms of age-related macular degeneration. If you have dry age-related macular degeneration, your eye doctor will likely prescribe over-the-counter vitamins called AREDS2, short for Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2. The AREDS2 vitamins contain lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, copper and vitamins C and E.AREDS2 is a formula developed after AREDS1, which had a slightly different combination of vitamins. In clinical trials, the AREDS vitamins helped reduce the risk of developing wet macular degeneration by about 25%. The patients in the trials had intermediate macular degeneration or advanced macular degeneration in one eye only. Your eye doctor can help you decide if taking the AREDS formula is right for you. It’s OK for most patients to take AREDS along with their multivitamin, Regillo says. However, always check with your doctor before using them.Although some people will use AREDS vitamins if they have a family history of age-related macular degeneration and do not have the disease, the vitamins aren’t designed for this particular purpose. “There’s not data to support that this (works),” Wykoff says. However, if you have a mild form of the disease, it can help prevent it from becoming worse.Geographic AtrophyThere are currently no treatments for geographic atrophy. People who have geographic atrophy can lose, on average, one line of vision each year. A line of vision refers to the lines on vision charts that are often at eye doctors' offices, which are used to help measure how well we see. Despite the lack of treatments for now, there are several potential treatments in development or in clinical trials, Wykoff notes, including special eye drops, gene therapy and cell transplantation.Wet Age-Related Macular DegenerationSince the early 2000s, eye doctors have had more reliable treatments to help those with wet age-related macular degeneration. These treatments don’t cure the disease, but they can lessen its effects. In some cases, they can bring back some of the lost vision. “Fortunately, we’ve had a revolution in how we care for [wet] age-related macular degeneration,” Khurana says.For wet AMD, there are two Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments called ranibizumab (Lucentis) and aflibercept (Eylea). A third treatment called bevacizumab (Avastin) is also used in some patients, but is not approved by the FDA for macular degeneration. (It's approved to treat certain cancers.) It’s used off-label.All of these medications are what are known as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs. The treatments have specific engineered proteins that block the activity of proteins that help build blood vessels, Wykoff says. They can help decrease the number of abnormal blood vessels in the retina and stop these blood vessels from leaking.The treatments for wet AMD are given through an injection in the vitreous cavity, which is a gel-filled area of the eye between the front of the eye and the retina. The injections are well tolerated by patients, Regillo says. If you receive one of these injections, your eye doctor will use an antiseptic drop as well as an anesthetic drop. You won’t feel the injection, but you may feel a little pressure in the eye. The injections are given at an eye doctor’s office.Ninety percent of the time, the injections given prevent vision from getting worse. In fact, about a third of patients gain some of their vision back, Khurana says. Most of these vision gains happen when the injections first start. The earlier that macular degeneration is detected, the greater chance that treatments can slow disease progression or help bring back lost vision, Wykoff says.Eye doctors will usually give these injections monthly until they see that signs of the disease have stopped appearing. Most people need to continue injections over their lifetime, Regillo adds. However, the frequency of injections are different for everyone. Some require the injections once a month, while other patients can wait up to six to eight weeks or more between injections. It depends on disease activity in each person.Photodynamic therapy and laser surgery are older treatment options for age-related macular degeneration and are used much less frequently than anti-VEGF injections.Assistive DevicesMany patients with age-related macular degeneration will use low-vision assistive devices, such as magnifiers, special reading glasses, large-print reading materials and other tools and technologies to help them see better. A vision rehabilitation specialist can help you learn how to use these types of devices, according to the AAO.The best way to help prevent or slow age-related macular degeneration is with a dilated eye exam every year or every other year, starting at age 50. The AAO recommends getting a baseline dilated eye exam at age 40, Khurana says. This is to help detect other serious eye problems that are seen via a dilated exam. If you have dry age-related macular degeneration, your eye doctor may want you to have a dilated exam more frequently, he adds.These regular eye exams can help monitor for age-related macular degeneration as well as other eye problems that come up as people age, including glaucoma and cataracts.Regular dilated eye exams are especially important if you have certain diseases such as diabetes. That's because having diabetes can raise your risk for many types of eye problems, including age-related macular degeneration. Dilated eye checks can help monitor for other diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy.If you smoke, use whatever resources available you have to quit. Smoking raises the risk for age-related macular degeneration.A heart-healthy diet may play a role in decreasing the risk of age-related macular degeneration developing or progressing. Consuming more dark leafy greens, colorful vegetables and cold water fish might help, Regillo notes. Consuming seven ounces of vegetables a day, two servings of fruit and fish twice a week were associated with a lower risk of macular degeneration, according to a 2019 study in the American Journal of Ophthalmology.Maintaining normal blood pressure and cholesterol numbers also may have a positive effect on keeping age-related macular degeneration away.If you suspect you have age-related macular degeneration, it’s important to see an eye doctor. “It’s important to know if you have wet or dry AMD. Don’t assume that you know which one it is,” Wykoff says.","@type":"NewsArticle","author":[{"image":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002Fbdabb2a\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F300x300\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2F2b%2F12%2F7a23955947d5b9367cf91bec4fbe%2Fvanessa-caceres.jpg","@type":"Person","jobTitle":"Contributor","name":"Vanessa Caceres ","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fauthor\u002Fvanessa-caceres"}],"description":"Learn about the symptoms, causes and treatment options in the macular degeneration condition guide at U.S. News and World Report.","dateModified":"2019-09-10T12:07-0400","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","name":"A Patient's Guide to Macular Degeneration","@id":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Feye-disease\u002Fmacular-degeneration","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fhealth.usnews.com\u002Fconditions\u002Feye-disease\u002Fmacular-degeneration"},"@context":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttp:\u002F\u002Fwww.schema.org","datePublished":"2019-09-10T12:07-0400","dateCreated":"2019-09-10T12:07-0400","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"U.S. News & World Report","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","width":193,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fstatic\u002Fimages\u002Fusn-logo-print.png","height":46}},"headline":"A Patient's Guide to Macular Degeneration","thumbnailUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20221203145639\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fwww.usnews.com\u002Fdims4\u002FUSNEWS\u002F96ae09b\u002F2147483647\u002Fthumbnail\u002F80x60\u002Fquality\u002F85\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fcmsmedia%2Fe9%2F9a%2F18f859c649a9871e81169f8480e8%2F190910-oldereyes-stock.jpg"}}},"src\u002Fcomponents\u002Futil\u002FloadsMore.js":{"data":{"context":{"load_more":null,"request_info":{"subdomain":"health"}}},"errors":[]},"src\u002Fcontainers\u002Fhelpers\u002FDisclaimer\u002Findex.js":{"data":{"utag_data":{"site_vertical":"Health"}}},"src\u002Fcontainers\u002Forganisms\u002FFooter\u002Findex.js":{"data":{"utag_data":{"bucket_tags":["atlasconditionguide","condition-guide-related-eye-disease","conditions","patient-advice"],"article_byline":"Vanessa Caceres ","page_type":"profile","site_product_section":"profile","site_product":"Conditions","suppress_img_flag":true,"site_portal":"Wellness","primary_tag":"conditions","article_publish_date":"2019-09-10","site_product_subsection":"Macular Degeneration","content_type":"product","page_name":"Macular Degeneration: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment | US News","site_vertical":"Health","byline_type":"Contributor","article_template":"article-rail","stitial_fact":"The key risk factors for heart disease are high blood pressure, high LDL cholesterol and smoking. 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