CINXE.COM

ChemSpider: Search and Share Chemistry - Homepage

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" data-capo=""><head><meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>ChemSpider: Search and Share Chemistry - Homepage</title> <script src="/jmol/RDKit_minimal.js" type="application/javascript" defer async></script> <style> @font-face { font-family: "Roboto fallback"; src: local("Noto Sans"); size-adjust: 93.8448%; ascent-override: 98.8584%; descent-override: 26.0154%; line-gap-override: 0%; } @font-face { font-family: "Roboto fallback"; src: local("Arial"); size-adjust: 99.7809%; ascent-override: 92.9771%; descent-override: 24.4677%; line-gap-override: 0%; } @font-face { font-family: "Roboto fallback"; src: local("Helvetica Neue"); size-adjust: 98.8498%; ascent-override: 93.8529%; descent-override: 24.6981%; line-gap-override: 0%; } @font-face { font-family: "Roboto fallback"; src: local("Roboto"); size-adjust: 100%; ascent-override: 92.7734%; descent-override: 24.4141%; line-gap-override: 0%; } @font-face { font-family: "Roboto fallback"; src: local("Segoe UI"); size-adjust: 100.3304%; ascent-override: 92.4679%; descent-override: 24.3337%; line-gap-override: 0%; } @font-face { font-family: "Roboto fallback"; src: local("BlinkMacSystemFont"); size-adjust: 106.7995%; ascent-override: 86.8669%; descent-override: 22.8597%; line-gap-override: 0%; } </style> <style>*,:after,:before{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}button,input,select,textarea{background-color:transparent;border-style:none}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{font:inherit}a,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,em,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,object,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{border:0;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;font-size:100%;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,menu,nav,section{display:block}body{line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none}blockquote,q{quotes:none}blockquote:after,blockquote:before,q:after,q:before{content:"";content:none}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}.input-with-icon{position:relative;z-index:1}.input-with-icon .input-left-icon{text-indent:25px}.input-with-icon .input-icon{left:18px;position:absolute;top:14px}.input-with-icon input{border-radius:4px;font-size:18px;height:35px;line-height:28px;padding:10px 12px;width:95%}.input-clear-icon{filter:brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(100%) sepia(53%) saturate(1444%) hue-rotate(173deg) brightness(98%) contrast(83%);height:20px;position:absolute;right:18px;top:14px;width:21px}.input-clear-icon:hover{filter:brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(18%) sepia(98%) saturate(1325%) hue-rotate(179deg) brightness(92%) contrast(101%)}.input-clear-icon:active{filter:brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(11%) sepia(53%) saturate(1027%) hue-rotate(163deg) brightness(90%) contrast(104%)}.input-with-icon:not(:focus-within) .input-clear-icon{filter:brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(11%) sepia(53%) saturate(1027%) hue-rotate(163deg) brightness(90%) contrast(104%)}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{letter-spacing:.2px;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}h1{font-size:80px;line-height:120px}h2{font-size:64px;line-height:96px}h3{font-size:48px;line-height:72px}h4{font-size:32px;line-height:48px}h5{color:#252729;font-size:24px;line-height:36px}h6{font-size:18px;line-height:28px}a{color:#0077db;text-decoration:none}.accordion-margins{margin-left:16px;margin-right:9px}@media (max-width:540px){.accordion-margins{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}}.button{border-radius:4px;cursor:pointer;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;justify-content:center;letter-spacing:.2px;line-height:28px;padding:10px 16px;white-space:nowrap}.button,.button span{align-items:center;display:flex;gap:8px}.darkblue-button{background-color:#002c47;color:#fff}.darkblue-button:hover{background-color:#001d2f;transition:.3s}.darkblue-button:focus{outline:4px solid #eedc00}.darkblue-button:active{background-color:#002c47;color:#fff}.white-button{background-color:#fff;border:2px solid #004976;color:#004976}.white-button img{filter:brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(12%) sepia(71%) saturate(4732%) hue-rotate(189deg) brightness(93%) contrast(103%)}.white-button:hover{border:2px solid #001d2f;color:#001d2f;transition:all .2s}.white-button:hover img{filter:brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(11%) sepia(11%) saturate(7064%) hue-rotate(169deg) brightness(94%) contrast(106%);transition:all .2s}.white-button:active{background-color:#fff;border:2px solid #004976;color:#004976}.white-button:active img{filter:brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(12%) sepia(71%) saturate(4732%) hue-rotate(189deg) brightness(93%) contrast(103%)}.white-button:focus{outline:4px solid #000}.white-button:disabled{background-color:#fff;border:2px solid #ccdbe4;color:#ccdbe4}.white-button:disabled img{filter:brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(91%) sepia(16%) saturate(173%) hue-rotate(159deg) brightness(95%) contrast(90%)}@media (min-width:541px){.mobile{display:none}}@media (max-width:540px){.desktop{display:none}}.context-menu{background-color:#002c47;border-radius:4px;color:#fff;white-space:nowrap}@media (max-width:540px){.context-menu{white-space:normal}}.context-menu .option{cursor:pointer;padding:10px 16px}.context-menu .option:hover{background-color:#001d2f;transition:.3s}.slide-side-enter-active,.slide-side-leave-active{transition:all .3s ease-out}.slide-side-enter-from,.slide-side-leave-to{transform:translate(100%)}@media print{*{font-weight:400!important}}@keyframes rotate{0%{transform:rotate(0)}to{transform:rotate(1turn)}}#loading,#loading-top{pointer-events:none;position:relative}#loading-top:before,#loading:before{animation:rotate 1s linear infinite;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='128' height='128' fill='none' viewBox='0 0 128 128'%3E%3Cpath fill='%230077DB' d='M109.255 109.255a64.002 64.002 0 0 1-98.47-9.698 64 64 0 0 1 98.47-80.812L91.153 36.847a38.4 38.4 0 1 0 0 54.306z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");bottom:0;content:"";height:128px;left:0;margin:auto;opacity:1;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;width:128px;z-index:2}#loading-top:after,#loading:after{background-color:#ffffffbf;bottom:0;content:"";left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;z-index:1}#loading-top:before{margin:10% auto auto}@media (max-width:540px){#loading-top:before,#loading:before{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='64' height='64' fill='none' viewBox='0 0 128 128'%3E%3Cpath fill='%230077DB' d='M109.255 109.255a64.002 64.002 0 0 1-98.47-9.698 64 64 0 0 1 98.47-80.812L91.153 36.847a38.4 38.4 0 1 0 0 54.306z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");height:64px;width:64px}}</style> <style>.all[data-v-c85ca48c]{background-color:#fff}.wrapper[data-v-c85ca48c]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:calc(100vh - 390px)}.all[data-v-c85ca48c]{flex:1}</style> <style>.desktop header[data-v-fa61bbd8]{position:fixed;top:0;width:100%;z-index:10}.desktop header .header-logo-image[data-v-fa61bbd8]{align-items:center;background-color:#fff;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding:16px 5.55%}.desktop header .header-logo-image img[data-v-fa61bbd8]{height:72px}.desktop header .header-logo-image img .logo[data-v-fa61bbd8]{text-align:center}.desktop header .header-logo-image img .logo a[data-v-fa61bbd8]{color:#001d2f;text-decoration:none}.desktop header .header-logo-image img .logo a img[data-v-fa61bbd8]{color:#001d2f;filter:brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(11%) sepia(12%) saturate(4532%) hue-rotate(165deg) brightness(91%) contrast(105%)}.desktop header .navigation-items .nav-list[data-v-fa61bbd8]{align-items:center;background-color:#002c47;display:flex;height:64px;padding-left:5.55%}.desktop header .navigation-items .nav-list a[data-v-fa61bbd8]{color:#fff;display:block;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.2px;line-height:28px;padding:18px 32px;text-decoration:none;transition:all .3s ease-in-out}.desktop header .navigation-items .nav-list a[data-v-fa61bbd8]:hover{background-color:#000;transition:all .3s ease-in-out}.desktop header .navigation-items .nav-list a.router-link-active[data-v-fa61bbd8]{background-color:#fff;color:#0077db;transition:all .3s ease-in-out}.access-date[data-v-fa61bbd8]{display:none}@media print{.navigation-items[data-v-fa61bbd8]{display:none}.access-date[data-v-fa61bbd8]{display:block}#header-desktop[data-v-fa61bbd8]{position:sticky;top:0}img[data-v-fa61bbd8],svg[data-v-fa61bbd8]{image-rendering:-moz-crisp-edges}}.mobile header[data-v-fa61bbd8]{background-color:#fff;position:fixed;top:0;width:100%;z-index:10}.mobile header .first-line[data-v-fa61bbd8]{align-items:center;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding:16px 16px 0}.mobile header .first-line a[data-v-fa61bbd8]{color:#001d2f;text-decoration:none}.mobile header .first-line a img[data-v-fa61bbd8]{color:#001d2f;filter:brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(11%) sepia(12%) saturate(4532%) hue-rotate(165deg) brightness(91%) contrast(105%);width:256px}@media (max-width:319px){.mobile header .first-line a img[data-v-fa61bbd8]{width:200px}}@media (max-width:256px){.mobile header .first-line a img[data-v-fa61bbd8]{width:160px}}@media (max-width:205px){.mobile header .first-line a img[data-v-fa61bbd8]{width:140px}}@media (max-width:680px){.desktop .header-logo-image[data-v-fa61bbd8]{padding:16px 10px}}@media print{.access-date[data-v-fa61bbd8]{display:block}}</style> <style>img[data-v-d838f89a]{height:24px;margin:0 12px;width:24px}</style> <style>.sidenav-backdrop[data-v-d4aaac42]{height:100%;z-index:1}.sidenav[data-v-d4aaac42],.sidenav-backdrop[data-v-d4aaac42]{left:0;position:fixed;top:0;width:100%}.sidenav[data-v-d4aaac42]{background-color:#fff;padding:16px;z-index:11}.sidenav .close-button[data-v-d4aaac42]{align-items:center;color:#004976;cursor:pointer;display:flex;font-size:18px;gap:4px;line-height:29px;padding:8px 0}.sidenav .close-button img[data-v-d4aaac42]{padding-bottom:2px}.sidenav li[data-v-d4aaac42]{align-items:center;display:flex;justify-content:space-between}.sidenav .nav-item[data-v-d4aaac42]{border-bottom:2px solid #ccdbe4;color:#004976;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;line-height:29px;padding:16px 0}.sidenav .nav-item span[data-v-d4aaac42]{align-items:center;display:flex}.sidenav .nav-item span img[data-v-d4aaac42]{height:24px;margin:0 16px;width:24px}.sidenav .nav-item a[data-v-d4aaac42]{color:#004976;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;line-height:29px;text-decoration:none}.sidenav .nav-item a[data-v-d4aaac42]:active{color:#0077db}.sidenav .search-list[data-v-d4aaac42]{border-bottom:2px solid #ccdbe4;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:16px;padding:16px 0}.sidenav .search-list .search-item a[data-v-d4aaac42]{color:#004976;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;line-height:29px;text-decoration:none}.sidenav .search-list .search-item a[data-v-d4aaac42]:active{color:#0077db}.sidenav .search-text[data-v-d4aaac42]{color:#002c47;cursor:pointer}.sidenav .search-text-selected[data-v-d4aaac42]{cursor:pointer}.sidenav .filter-dropdown[data-v-d4aaac42]:hover,.sidenav .search-text-selected[data-v-d4aaac42]{color:#0077db;transition:all .2s}.sidenav .arrow-icon[data-v-d4aaac42]{filter:brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(18%) sepia(92%) saturate(1550%) hue-rotate(181deg) brightness(93%) contrast(101%);transition:all .2s}.sidenav .arrow-icon-selected[data-v-d4aaac42]{filter:brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(28%) sepia(59%) saturate(3213%) hue-rotate(192deg) brightness(95%) contrast(101%);transform:scaleY(-1);transition:all .2s}.show[data-v-d4aaac42]{max-height:1500px;opacity:1;transition:all .3s}.hide[data-v-d4aaac42],.show[data-v-d4aaac42]{overflow:hidden}.hide[data-v-d4aaac42]{max-height:0;opacity:0;transition:all .2s}</style> <style>.home-sections[data-v-497d7a5f]{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-direction:column;margin-top:260px;width:100%}.home-content[data-v-497d7a5f]{padding:10px;width:65%}.home-content h3[data-v-497d7a5f]{color:#004976;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-1.44px}.sponsors[data-v-497d7a5f]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;margin-bottom:123px;margin-top:80px}.sponsors h5[data-v-497d7a5f]{color:#004976;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:15px;text-align:center}.sponsors .sponsors-links[data-v-497d7a5f]{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:37px;justify-content:center}.sponsors .sponsors-links img[data-v-497d7a5f]{height:60px}.sponsors .information[data-v-497d7a5f]{font-size:18px;font-weight:700;margin-top:20px;text-align:center}.sponsors .information a[data-v-497d7a5f]{text-decoration:underline}@media (max-width:540px){.home-sections[data-v-497d7a5f]{margin-top:144px}.home-content[data-v-497d7a5f]{width:93%}.home-content h3[data-v-497d7a5f]{font-size:24px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.2px;line-height:36px;margin-bottom:13px}.sponsors[data-v-497d7a5f]{margin-top:44px}.sponsors h5[data-v-497d7a5f]{font-size:24px;line-height:36px;margin-bottom:8px}.sponsors .sponsors-links[data-v-497d7a5f]{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center}}</style> <style>.searchbar[data-v-dc719add]{border:2px solid #ccdbe4;border-radius:4px;padding:24px}.searchbar input[data-v-dc719add]{align-items:center;background-color:#f2f6f8;display:flex;height:48px;padding-left:20px;width:100%}.searchbar input[data-v-dc719add]::-moz-placeholder{color:#336d91;margin-right:20px}.searchbar input[data-v-dc719add]::placeholder{color:#336d91;margin-right:20px}.searchbar .suggestion-box[data-v-dc719add]{background-color:#fff;padding:3px 0;position:absolute;width:100%;z-index:2}.searchbar .suggestion-box ul[data-v-dc719add]{background-color:#fff;border:1px dotted #ccc;border-top:0;list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:0}.searchbar .suggestion-box li[data-v-dc719add]{color:#002c47;font-size:16px;font-weight:600;padding:10px}.searchbar .suggestion-box li.selected[data-v-dc719add]{background:#eee;cursor:pointer}.searchbar .error[data-v-dc719add]{box-shadow:0 0 3px #ec0046;outline:none}.searchbar .empty-search-term-desktop[data-v-dc719add]{align-items:center;display:none;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:24px}.searchbar .empty-search-term-desktop p[data-v-dc719add]{padding-top:4px}.searchbar .empty-search-term-desktop.active[data-v-dc719add]{display:inline-flex}.searchbar .description-desktop[data-v-dc719add]{color:#000f18;font-size:18px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.2px;line-height:28px;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:8px}.searchbar .search-by-desktop[data-v-dc719add]{align-items:center;color:#0077db;cursor:pointer;display:inline-flex;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:24px}.searchbar .search-by-desktop p[data-v-dc719add]{padding-top:4px}.searchbar .filter-dropdown[data-v-dc719add]{color:#002c47;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;margin-top:18px}.searchbar .filter-dropdown[data-v-dc719add]:hover{color:#0077db;transition:all .2s}.searchbar .filter-dropdown:hover .arrow-icon[data-v-dc719add]{transition:all .2s}.searchbar .filter-dropdown .arrow-icon[data-v-dc719add]{margin-left:13.33px}.searchbar .filter-section[data-v-dc719add]{display:block;position:relative}.searchbar .filter-section .white-button[data-v-dc719add]{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:20px}.searchbar fieldset[data-v-dc719add]{display:flex;gap:8.88%;width:100%}.searchbar fieldset .radio-block[data-v-dc719add]{color:#000f18;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.2px;line-height:28px;width:50%}.searchbar fieldset .radio-block legend[data-v-dc719add]{margin:8px 0}.searchbar fieldset .radio-block .radio-selector[data-v-dc719add]{align-items:center;background-color:#f2f6f8;display:flex;font-weight:400;gap:8px;justify-content:space-between;padding:10px 16px}.searchbar fieldset .radio-block .radio-selector input[type=radio][data-v-dc719add]{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;border:2px solid #999;border-radius:50%;box-sizing:border-box;cursor:pointer;max-height:24px;max-width:24px;min-width:24px}.searchbar fieldset .radio-block .radio-selector input[type=radio][data-v-dc719add]:hover{border:2px solid #004976}.searchbar fieldset .radio-block .radio-selector input[type=radio][data-v-dc719add]:checked{background-image:radial-gradient(ellipse at center,#004976 55%,transparent 62%);border:2px solid #004976}.searchbar .white-button[data-v-dc719add]{float:right}.info-icon[data-v-dc719add]{margin-right:2.62px;transition:all .2s}.searchbar .search-help .search-help-container[data-v-dc719add]{background-color:#f2f8fd;border-radius:4px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;letter-spacing:.2px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-top:4px;padding:8px 12px}.searchbar .search-help .search-help-container .header[data-v-dc719add]{color:#000f18;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;line-height:28px;padding-right:24px;text-align:left}.searchbar .search-help .search-help-container .content[data-v-dc719add]{color:#54585a;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;padding-right:24px}.result-found[data-v-dc719add]{padding:16px 0 0}.result-found .error-message[data-v-dc719add],.result-found .found-header[data-v-dc719add]{color:#004976;font-weight:700}.result-found .search-block[data-v-dc719add],.result-found .searched-term[data-v-dc719add]{align-items:center;display:flex;gap:16px}.result-found .searched-term[data-v-dc719add]{color:#000f18}.result-found .found-by[data-v-dc719add],.result-found .searched-term .search-term[data-v-dc719add]{font-size:18px;font-weight:400;line-height:28px}.show[data-v-dc719add]{max-height:1500px;opacity:1;transition:all .3s}.hide[data-v-dc719add],.show[data-v-dc719add]{overflow:hidden}.hide[data-v-dc719add]{max-height:0;opacity:0;transition:all .2s}.active-filter-text[data-v-dc719add]{color:#0077db;transition:all .2s}.arrow-icon-selected[data-v-dc719add]{margin-left:13.33px;transform:scaleY(-1);transition:all .2s}@media (max-width:540px){.searchbar[data-v-dc719add]{padding:8px}.searchbar input[data-v-dc719add]{width:100%}.searchbar .description-desktop[data-v-dc719add]{display:none}.searchbar .search-by-desktop[data-v-dc719add]{margin-top:8px}.searchbar .filter-section fieldset[data-v-dc719add],.searchbar .search-help .search-help-container[data-v-dc719add]{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.searchbar fieldset .radio-block[data-v-dc719add]{width:100%}.searchbar .white-button[data-v-dc719add]{float:left}.result-found[data-v-dc719add]{padding:8px 0 0}.result-found .searched-term[data-v-dc719add]{gap:4px}.result-found .search-partial[data-v-dc719add]{margin-bottom:16px}}@media (min-width:541px){.searchbar .search-by-desktop[data-v-dc719add]{margin-top:2px}}</style> <style>footer[data-v-9c80ea1f]{background-color:#fff}.footer-navigation-items a[data-v-9c80ea1f]{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}.footer-navigation-items .nav-list[data-v-9c80ea1f]{align-items:center;background-color:#002c47;display:flex;height:64px;padding-left:16%}.footer-navigation-items .nav-list .nav-item a[data-v-9c80ea1f]{align-items:center;display:block;display:flex;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;height:64px;letter-spacing:.2px;line-height:22px;padding:0 32px;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;transition:all .3s ease-in-out}.footer-navigation-items .nav-list .nav-item a[data-v-9c80ea1f]:hover{background-color:#000;transition:all .3s ease-in-out}.footer-navigation-items .nav-list .nav-item a.router-link-active[data-v-9c80ea1f]{background-color:#fff;color:#0077db;transition:all .3s ease-in-out}.nav .viewport[data-v-9c80ea1f]{align-items:center}.nav .viewport[data-v-9c80ea1f],.nav .viewport .rsc-logo-desktop[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:flex;justify-content:center}.nav .viewport .links[data-v-9c80ea1f]{margin-left:55px;padding:35px 0}.nav .viewport .links .block-links[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:inline-flex;margin-right:40px}.nav .viewport .links ul li[data-v-9c80ea1f]{border-left:1px solid #ccdbe4;padding:0 26px 16px 30px}.nav .viewport .links ul li a[data-v-9c80ea1f]{color:#002c47;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.2px;line-height:28px;text-decoration:none;transition:all .2s ease-in-out}.nav .viewport .links ul li a[data-v-9c80ea1f]:hover{color:#000}.nav .viewport .links ul li .right-arrow-icon[data-v-9c80ea1f]{margin-left:16.17px}.nav .viewport .links-mobile[data-v-9c80ea1f]{width:100%}.nav .viewport .links-mobile ul[data-v-9c80ea1f]{background-color:#001d2f;margin:0 10% 64px}.nav .viewport .links-mobile ul li[data-v-9c80ea1f]{align-items:center;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;margin:16px 0}.nav .viewport .links-mobile ul li a[data-v-9c80ea1f]{font-size:18px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.2px;line-height:28px;text-decoration:none}.nav .viewport .links-mobile ul li a[data-v-9c80ea1f],.nav .viewport .links-mobile ul li a[data-v-9c80ea1f]:hover{color:#fff;transition:all .2s ease-in-out}.baseline[data-v-9c80ea1f]{background-color:#f2f6f8;min-height:80px}.baseline .viewport[data-v-9c80ea1f]{align-items:center;display:flex;justify-content:center;min-height:80px}.baseline .viewport .copyright[data-v-9c80ea1f]{color:#000f18;display:flex;font-size:18px;font-weight:400;line-height:28px;padding:5px 50px}.baseline .viewport .copyright .copyright-rsc[data-v-9c80ea1f]{padding-right:16px;text-align:center}.baseline .viewport .copyright .char-number[data-v-9c80ea1f]{border-left:1px solid #ccdbe4;padding-left:16px;text-align:center}.baseline .social-icons[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:inline-flex;margin-left:5%}.baseline .social-icons a[data-v-9c80ea1f]{border-radius:25px;display:inline-block;margin:0 10px}.baseline .social-icons a img[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:flex;height:48px;padding:8px;width:48px}.baseline .social-icons .facebook[data-v-9c80ea1f]{background-color:#346da6}.baseline .social-icons .twitter[data-v-9c80ea1f]{background-color:#429ecc}.baseline .social-icons .linkedin[data-v-9c80ea1f]{background-color:#346da6}.baseline .social-icons .youtube[data-v-9c80ea1f]{background-color:#ca4638}.baseline .social-icons .facebook[data-v-9c80ea1f]:hover,.baseline .social-icons .linkedin[data-v-9c80ea1f]:hover,.baseline .social-icons .twitter[data-v-9c80ea1f]:hover,.baseline .social-icons .youtube[data-v-9c80ea1f]:hover{background-color:transparent}.baseline .social-icons-mobile[data-v-9c80ea1f]{border-bottom:1px solid #fff;display:flex;gap:20px;justify-content:center;margin-left:0;order:1;padding:32px 0;width:80%}.baseline .social-icons-mobile img[data-v-9c80ea1f]{height:24px;width:auto}.rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer[data-v-9c80ea1f]{background-color:#252729;color:#e5e5e5;padding:1em;text-align:center}.rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer a[data-v-9c80ea1f]{color:#78d9ea}.rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer a[data-v-9c80ea1f]:focus,.rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer a[data-v-9c80ea1f]:hover{color:#fff;text-decoration:underline}@media print{.rsc-footer[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:none}}@media (max-width:540px){footer[data-v-9c80ea1f]{background-color:#001d2f}.footer-navigation-items[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:none}}@media (max-width:740px){.footer-navigation-items .nav-item[data-v-9c80ea1f]{padding:0 16px}}@media (max-width:540px){.nav .viewport[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:block}}.nav .viewport .rsc-logo-mobile[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:flex;justify-content:center;margin:0 10%;padding-bottom:64px;padding-top:64px}@media only screen and (max-width:540px){.nav .viewport .rsc-logo-desktop[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:none}}@media (max-width:1150px){.nav .viewport .rsc-logo-desktop img[data-v-9c80ea1f]{height:48px;width:164.5px}}@media (max-width:540px){.nav .viewport .rsc-logo-desktop[data-v-9c80ea1f]{margin:0 auto;padding:0;width:94%}.nav .viewport .rsc-logo-desktop img[data-v-9c80ea1f]{margin:25.6px auto 15px}}@media only screen and (min-width:541px){.nav .viewport .rsc-logo-mobile[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:none}}@media (max-width:650px){.nav .viewport .links[data-v-9c80ea1f]{margin-left:5px}}@media (max-width:540px){.nav .viewport .links[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:none}}.nav .viewport .links ul[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:wrap;height:200px}@media (max-width:1394px){.nav .viewport .links ul[data-v-9c80ea1f]{height:270px}}@media (max-width:970px){.nav .viewport .links ul[data-v-9c80ea1f]{height:530px}}@media (max-width:650px){.nav .viewport .links ul li[data-v-9c80ea1f]{padding:0 26px 16px 5px}}@media (min-width:541px){.nav .viewport .links-mobile[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:none}}@media (max-width:540px){.baseline[data-v-9c80ea1f]{background-color:#001d2f}.baseline .viewport[data-v-9c80ea1f]{flex-direction:column}.baseline .viewport .copyright[data-v-9c80ea1f]{margin:32px 0}}@media (max-width:640px){.baseline .viewport .copyright .copyright-rsc[data-v-9c80ea1f]{padding-right:0}}@media (max-width:540px){.baseline .viewport .copyright .copyright-rsc[data-v-9c80ea1f]{color:#fff}}@media (max-width:640px){.baseline .viewport .copyright .char-number[data-v-9c80ea1f]{border-left:none;padding-left:0}}@media (max-width:540px){.baseline .viewport .copyright .char-number[data-v-9c80ea1f]{color:#fff}}@media (max-width:640px){.baseline .viewport .copyright[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:block;text-align:center}}@media (max-width:540px){.baseline .viewport .copyright[data-v-9c80ea1f]{order:2}}@media (max-width:640px){.baseline .social-icons[data-v-9c80ea1f]{align-items:center;display:flex;justify-content:center;margin-left:3%}}@media (max-width:540px){.baseline .social-icons[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:none}}@media (min-width:541px){.baseline .social-icons-mobile[data-v-9c80ea1f],.cookies[data-v-9c80ea1f]{display:none}}</style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/vendor.UVJDDcAd.css" crossorigin> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/Footer.Cp6gxpJP.css" crossorigin> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/useSimpleSearch.CjmTfe2U.css" crossorigin> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BJT8k1zN.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BiXCm9fw.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BZ2AYd-u.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DTy7RIYR.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DFs6xfUQ.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/OLapgj4F.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/D0oeCknC.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/CW48aTO_.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/CAN2O5Is.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/Db69_aiw.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/QVPbedU3.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/Cu82Y5Lb.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/CQ49Z_w_.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/Dj9fRUdm.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/pWEGpbK7.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BJCmGuae.js"> <link rel="prefetch" as="image" type="image/svg+xml" href="/_nuxt/ChemSpider_Mobile-Black_212x62px.yC_0Vge7.svg"> <link rel="prefetch" as="image" type="image/svg+xml" href="/_nuxt/ChemSpider_Desktop-Black_247x72px.CjQv9AkP.svg"> <link rel="prefetch" as="image" type="image/webp" href="/_nuxt/rsc-logo.Bj5PFEZ3.webp"> <link rel="prefetch" as="image" type="image/svg+xml" href="/_nuxt/rscLogoWhite.CUWoqp9K.svg"> <link rel="prefetch" as="image" type="image/webp" href="/_nuxt/aladdin.D0BVBdTx.webp"> <link rel="prefetch" as="image" type="image/webp" href="/_nuxt/thermo.CVCS6t6O.webp"> <link rel="prefetch" as="image" type="image/webp" href="/_nuxt/gga.DSSRgRFU.webp"> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="/favicon.ico"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" href="/jmol/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/jmol/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/jmol/favicon-16x16.png"> <meta name="description" content="A free chemical structure database providing fast text and structure search access to over 130 million structures from hundreds of data sources."> <meta name="keywords" content="chemical structures, names, synonyms, SMILES, InChI, InChIKey, Links, vendors, references, Properties"> <script type="module" src="/_nuxt/BJT8k1zN.js" crossorigin></script> <link rel="preload" as="fetch" fetchpriority="low" crossorigin="anonymous" href="/_nuxt/builds/meta/62f623a6-eebc-4c9a-b1fb-803152992c9a.json"></head><body><div id="__nuxt"><div data-v-c85ca48c><div class="wrapper" data-v-c85ca48c><!--[--><span class="access-date" data-v-fa61bbd8>Accessed: </span><div id="header-mobile" class="mobile" data-v-fa61bbd8><header data-v-fa61bbd8><div class="first-line" data-v-fa61bbd8><a aria-current="page" href="/" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active" data-v-fa61bbd8><img src="/_nuxt/ChemSpider_Mobile-Black_212x62px.yC_0Vge7.svg" alt="ChemSpider Search and share chemistry" id="rsc-mobile-header-title" width="256" data-v-fa61bbd8></a><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;24&#39;%20height=&#39;24&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%2024%2024&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M5%2018H19&#39;%20stroke=&#39;%23001D2F&#39;%20stroke-width=&#39;2&#39;%20stroke-linecap=&#39;round&#39;%20stroke-linejoin=&#39;round&#39;/%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M5%2012H19&#39;%20stroke=&#39;%23001D2F&#39;%20stroke-width=&#39;2&#39;%20stroke-linecap=&#39;round&#39;%20stroke-linejoin=&#39;round&#39;/%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M5%206H19&#39;%20stroke=&#39;%23001D2F&#39;%20stroke-width=&#39;2&#39;%20stroke-linecap=&#39;round&#39;%20stroke-linejoin=&#39;round&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="nav-icon" loading="lazy" role="button" data-v-fa61bbd8 data-v-d838f89a></div></header></div><div id="header-desktop" class="desktop" data-v-fa61bbd8><header data-v-fa61bbd8><div class="header-logo-image" data-v-fa61bbd8><div class="logo" data-v-fa61bbd8><a aria-current="page" href="/" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active" data-v-fa61bbd8><img src="/_nuxt/ChemSpider_Desktop-Black_247x72px.CjQv9AkP.svg" alt="ChemSpider Search and share chemistry" id="rsc-header-title" width="235" height="72" style="margin-right:10px;" data-v-fa61bbd8></a></div><a href="https://www.rsc.org/" aria-label="Royal Society of Chemistry homepage" data-v-fa61bbd8><img src="/_nuxt/rsc-logo.Bj5PFEZ3.webp" alt="Royal Society of Chemistry" id="rsc-header-logo" width="258" height="72" data-v-fa61bbd8></a></div><nav class="navigation-items" aria-label="Main navigation" data-v-fa61bbd8><ul class="nav-list" data-v-fa61bbd8><!--[--><li class="nav-item" data-v-fa61bbd8><a href="/search" class="" id="menu-simple" data-v-fa61bbd8>Simple</a></li><li class="nav-item" data-v-fa61bbd8><a href="/StructureSearch" class="" id="menu-structure" data-v-fa61bbd8>Structure</a></li><li class="nav-item" data-v-fa61bbd8><a href="/AdvancedSearch" class="" id="menu-advanced" data-v-fa61bbd8>Advanced</a></li><!--]--></ul></nav></header></div><!--]--><div class="sidenav-container" data-v-c85ca48c data-v-d4aaac42><!----><!----></div><div class="all" data-v-c85ca48c><div class="web-content" data-v-c85ca48c><!--[--><div class="home-sections" data-v-497d7a5f><div class="home-content" data-v-497d7a5f><h3 data-v-497d7a5f>Search ChemSpider</h3><section class="search-section" id data-v-497d7a5f data-v-dc719add><div class="searchbar" data-v-dc719add><div class="input-with-icon" data-v-dc719add><input id="input-left-icon" class="input-left-icon" type="text" value="" placeholder="Search" autocomplete="off" data-v-dc719add><!----><span data-v-dc719add><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;21&#39;%20height=&#39;20&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%2021%2020&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M19.7309%2018.3109L16.0209%2014.6309C17.461%2012.8353%2018.1584%2010.5562%2017.9697%208.2622C17.781%205.9682%2016.7206%203.83368%2015.0064%202.29754C13.2923%200.761407%2011.0547%20-0.0595894%208.75382%200.00337096C6.45294%200.0663314%204.26362%201.00846%202.63604%202.63604C1.00846%204.26362%200.0663314%206.45294%200.00337096%208.75382C-0.0595894%2011.0547%200.761407%2013.2923%202.29754%2015.0064C3.83368%2016.7206%205.9682%2017.781%208.2622%2017.9697C10.5562%2018.1584%2012.8353%2017.461%2014.6309%2016.0209L18.3109%2019.7009C18.4039%2019.7946%2018.5145%2019.869%2018.6363%2019.9198C18.7582%2019.9706%2018.8889%2019.9967%2019.0209%2019.9967C19.1529%2019.9967%2019.2836%2019.9706%2019.4055%2019.9198C19.5273%2019.869%2019.6379%2019.7946%2019.7309%2019.7009C19.9111%2019.5144%2020.0119%2019.2652%2020.0119%2019.0059C20.0119%2018.7466%2019.9111%2018.4974%2019.7309%2018.3109ZM9.0209%2016.0209C7.63643%2016.0209%206.28305%2015.6104%205.13191%2014.8412C3.98076%2014.072%203.08356%2012.9788%202.55374%2011.6997C2.02393%2010.4206%201.88531%209.01314%202.1554%207.65527C2.4255%206.2974%203.09219%205.05012%204.07115%204.07115C5.05012%203.09219%206.2974%202.4255%207.65527%202.1554C9.01314%201.88531%2010.4206%202.02393%2011.6997%202.55374C12.9788%203.08356%2014.072%203.98076%2014.8412%205.13191C15.6104%206.28305%2016.0209%207.63643%2016.0209%209.0209C16.0209%2010.8774%2015.2834%2012.6579%2013.9706%2013.9706C12.6579%2015.2834%2010.8774%2016.0209%209.0209%2016.0209Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23336D91&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Magnifying Glass" loading="lazy" class="input-icon magnifying-glass-icon" data-v-dc719add></span><!----></div><div class="empty-search-term-desktop" data-v-dc719add><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;24&#39;%20height=&#39;24&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%2024%2024&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M12%207C11.7348%207%2011.4804%207.10536%2011.2929%207.29289C11.1054%207.48043%2011%207.73478%2011%208V12C11%2012.2652%2011.1054%2012.5196%2011.2929%2012.7071C11.4804%2012.8946%2011.7348%2013%2012%2013C12.2652%2013%2012.5196%2012.8946%2012.7071%2012.7071C12.8946%2012.5196%2013%2012.2652%2013%2012V8C13%207.73478%2012.8946%207.48043%2012.7071%207.29289C12.5196%207.10536%2012.2652%207%2012%207ZM12.92%2015.62C12.8981%2015.5563%2012.8679%2015.4957%2012.83%2015.44L12.71%2015.29C12.5694%2015.1512%2012.3908%2015.0572%2012.1968%2015.0199C12.0028%2014.9825%2011.8021%2015.0034%2011.62%2015.08C11.4988%2015.1306%2011.3872%2015.2017%2011.29%2015.29C11.1973%2015.3834%2011.124%2015.4943%2011.0742%2015.6161C11.0245%2015.7379%2010.9992%2015.8684%2011%2016C11.0016%2016.1307%2011.0288%2016.2598%2011.08%2016.38C11.1249%2016.5041%2011.1966%2016.6168%2011.2899%2016.7101C11.3832%2016.8034%2011.4959%2016.8751%2011.62%2016.92C11.7397%2016.9729%2011.8691%2017.0002%2012%2017.0002C12.1309%2017.0002%2012.2603%2016.9729%2012.38%2016.92C12.5041%2016.8751%2012.6168%2016.8034%2012.7101%2016.7101C12.8034%2016.6168%2012.8751%2016.5041%2012.92%2016.38C12.9712%2016.2598%2012.9984%2016.1307%2013%2016C13.0049%2015.9334%2013.0049%2015.8666%2013%2015.8C12.9828%2015.7362%2012.9558%2015.6755%2012.92%2015.62ZM12%202C10.0222%202%208.08879%202.58649%206.4443%203.6853C4.79981%204.78412%203.51809%206.3459%202.76121%208.17317C2.00433%2010.0004%201.8063%2012.0111%202.19215%2013.9509C2.578%2015.8907%203.53041%2017.6725%204.92894%2019.0711C6.32746%2020.4696%208.10929%2021.422%2010.0491%2021.8079C11.9889%2022.1937%2013.9996%2021.9957%2015.8268%2021.2388C17.6541%2020.4819%2019.2159%2019.2002%2020.3147%2017.5557C21.4135%2015.9112%2022%2013.9778%2022%2012C22%2010.6868%2021.7413%209.38642%2021.2388%208.17317C20.7363%206.95991%2019.9997%205.85752%2019.0711%204.92893C18.1425%204.00035%2017.0401%203.26375%2015.8268%202.7612C14.6136%202.25866%2013.3132%202%2012%202ZM12%2020C10.4178%2020%208.87104%2019.5308%207.55544%2018.6518C6.23985%2017.7727%205.21447%2016.5233%204.60897%2015.0615C4.00347%2013.5997%203.84504%2011.9911%204.15372%2010.4393C4.4624%208.88743%205.22433%207.46197%206.34315%206.34315C7.46197%205.22433%208.88743%204.4624%2010.4393%204.15372C11.9911%203.84504%2013.5997%204.00346%2015.0615%204.60896C16.5233%205.21447%2017.7727%206.23984%2018.6518%207.55544C19.5308%208.87103%2020%2010.4177%2020%2012C20%2014.1217%2019.1572%2016.1566%2017.6569%2017.6569C16.1566%2019.1571%2014.1217%2020%2012%2020Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23EC0046&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="warning" class="info-icon" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy" data-v-dc719add><p data-v-dc719add>A search term is required to complete the search</p></div><p class="description-desktop" data-v-dc719add>Matches any text strings used to describe a molecule</p><div class="search-by-desktop" tabindex="0" data-v-dc719add><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;20&#39;%20height=&#39;20&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%2020%2020&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M10%209C9.73478%209%209.48043%209.10536%209.29289%209.29289C9.10535%209.48043%209%209.73478%209%2010V14C9%2014.2652%209.10535%2014.5196%209.29289%2014.7071C9.48043%2014.8946%209.73478%2015%2010%2015C10.2652%2015%2010.5196%2014.8946%2010.7071%2014.7071C10.8946%2014.5196%2011%2014.2652%2011%2014V10C11%209.73478%2010.8946%209.48043%2010.7071%209.29289C10.5196%209.10536%2010.2652%209%2010%209ZM10.38%205.08C10.1365%204.97998%209.86346%204.97998%209.62%205.08C9.49725%205.12759%209.3851%205.19896%209.29%205.29C9.20167%205.3872%209.13064%205.49882%209.08%205.62C9.02402%205.73868%208.99662%205.86882%209%206C8.99924%206.13161%209.02446%206.26207%209.07423%206.38391C9.12399%206.50574%209.19732%206.61656%209.29%206.71C9.3872%206.79833%209.49881%206.86936%209.62%206.92C9.77149%206.98224%209.93596%207.00632%2010.0989%206.99011C10.2619%206.97391%2010.4184%206.91792%2010.5547%206.82707C10.691%206.73622%2010.8029%206.61328%2010.8805%206.46907C10.9581%206.32486%2010.9992%206.16378%2011%206C10.9963%205.73523%2010.8927%205.48163%2010.71%205.29C10.6149%205.19896%2010.5027%205.12759%2010.38%205.08ZM10%200C8.02218%200%206.08879%200.58649%204.44429%201.6853C2.7998%202.78412%201.51808%204.3459%200.761202%206.17317C0.00432521%208.00043%20-0.193708%2010.0111%200.192144%2011.9509C0.577996%2013.8907%201.5304%2015.6725%202.92893%2017.0711C4.32745%2018.4696%206.10928%2019.422%208.04909%2019.8079C9.9889%2020.1937%2011.9996%2019.9957%2013.8268%2019.2388C15.6541%2018.4819%2017.2159%2017.2002%2018.3147%2015.5557C19.4135%2013.9112%2020%2011.9778%2020%2010C20%208.68678%2019.7413%207.38642%2019.2388%206.17317C18.7362%204.95991%2017.9996%203.85752%2017.0711%202.92893C16.1425%202.00035%2015.0401%201.26375%2013.8268%200.761205C12.6136%200.258658%2011.3132%200%2010%200ZM10%2018C8.41775%2018%206.87103%2017.5308%205.55543%2016.6518C4.23984%2015.7727%203.21446%2014.5233%202.60896%2013.0615C2.00346%2011.5997%201.84503%209.99113%202.15371%208.43928C2.4624%206.88743%203.22432%205.46197%204.34314%204.34315C5.46196%203.22433%206.88743%202.4624%208.43927%202.15372C9.99112%201.84504%2011.5997%202.00346%2013.0615%202.60896C14.5233%203.21447%2015.7727%204.23984%2016.6518%205.55544C17.5308%206.87103%2018%208.41775%2018%2010C18%2012.1217%2017.1571%2014.1566%2015.6569%2015.6569C14.1566%2017.1571%2012.1217%2018%2010%2018Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%230077DB&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="info" class="info-icon" width="20" height="20" loading="lazy" data-v-dc719add><p data-v-dc719add>Search help</p></div><div class="hide search-help" data-v-dc719add><div class="search-help-container" data-v-dc719add><div data-v-dc719add><div class="header" data-v-dc719add>Systematic names</div><div class="content" data-v-dc719add>1,2-dihydroxybenzene</div></div><div data-v-dc719add><div class="header" data-v-dc719add>Synonyms</div><div class="content" data-v-dc719add>AIBN</div></div><div data-v-dc719add><div class="header" data-v-dc719add>Trade names</div><div class="content" data-v-dc719add>Aspirin</div></div><div data-v-dc719add><div class="header" data-v-dc719add>Registry numbers</div><div class="content" data-v-dc719add>7732-18-5</div></div><div data-v-dc719add><div class="header" data-v-dc719add>SMILES</div><div class="content" data-v-dc719add>O=C(OCC)C</div></div><div data-v-dc719add><div class="header" data-v-dc719add>InChI</div><div class="content" data-v-dc719add>InChI=1S/CH4/h1H4</div></div></div></div><h6 class="filter-dropdown filter-dropdown" tabindex="0" data-v-dc719add>Filter <span data-v-dc719add><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;14&#39;%20height=&#39;8&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%2014%208&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M7.75267%207.55155L13.4027%201.89155C13.4964%201.79859%2013.5708%201.68798%2013.6216%201.56612C13.6723%201.44427%2013.6985%201.31356%2013.6985%201.18155C13.6985%201.04954%2013.6723%200.918831%2013.6216%200.796971C13.5708%200.675112%2013.4964%200.564511%2013.4027%200.471548C13.2153%200.285297%2012.9619%200.180756%2012.6977%200.180756C12.4335%200.180756%2012.18%200.285297%2011.9927%200.471548L6.99267%205.42155L2.04267%200.471548C1.85531%200.285297%201.60186%200.180755%201.33767%200.180755C1.07349%200.180755%200.820036%200.285297%200.632673%200.471548C0.538185%200.564162%200.463015%200.674607%200.411518%200.796482C0.360022%200.918358%200.333223%201.04924%200.332674%201.18155C0.333223%201.31385%200.360022%201.44474%200.411518%201.56661C0.463015%201.68849%200.538185%201.79893%200.632673%201.89155L6.28267%207.55155C6.37631%207.65305%206.48997%207.73406%206.61647%207.78947C6.74297%207.84488%206.87957%207.87348%207.01767%207.87348C7.15577%207.87348%207.29238%207.84488%207.41888%207.78947C7.54538%207.73406%207.65903%207.65305%207.75267%207.55155Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23000F18&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="List Arrow" width="14" height="8" loading="lazy" class="arrow-icon" data-v-dc719add></span></h6><div class="hide filter-section" data-v-dc719add><fieldset data-v-dc719add><div class="radio-block" data-v-dc719add><legend data-v-dc719add>Single/Multi-component</legend><div class="radio-selector" data-v-dc719add><label for="radio1" data-v-dc719add>Any</label><input type="radio" id="radio1" name="single-multi-comp" checked checked data-v-dc719add></div><div class="radio-selector" data-v-dc719add><label for="single-component" data-v-dc719add>Single-component structures only</label><input type="radio" id="single-component" name="single-multi-comp" value="false" data-v-dc719add></div><div class="radio-selector" data-v-dc719add><label for="multi-component" data-v-dc719add>Multi-component structures only</label><input type="radio" id="multi-component" name="single-multi-comp" value="true" data-v-dc719add></div></div><div class="radio-block" data-v-dc719add><legend data-v-dc719add>Isotopically labeled</legend><div class="radio-selector" data-v-dc719add><label for="radio2" data-v-dc719add>Any</label><input type="radio" id="radio2" name="isotopically-labeled" checked checked data-v-dc719add></div><div class="radio-selector" data-v-dc719add><label for="isotopically-labeled" data-v-dc719add>Isotopically labeled only</label><input type="radio" id="isotopically-labeled" name="isotopically-labeled" value="true" data-v-dc719add></div><div class="radio-selector" data-v-dc719add><label for="non-isotopically-labeled" data-v-dc719add>Disregard isotopically labeled</label><input type="radio" id="non-isotopically-labeled" name="isotopically-labeled" value="false" data-v-dc719add></div></div></fieldset><button class="button white-button" data-v-dc719add> Apply filters </button></div></div><!----><div else class="result-found" data-v-dc719add><h6 class="error-message found" data-v-dc719add></h6></div></section><div class="sponsors" data-v-497d7a5f><h5 data-v-497d7a5f>Our sponsors</h5><div class="sponsors-links" data-v-497d7a5f><a href="https://www.waters.com/nextgen/us/en.html" target="_blank" data-v-497d7a5f><img class="waters" src="data:image/webp;base64,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" alt="waters" height="60" width="220" loading="lazy" format="wepb" data-v-497d7a5f></a><a href="https://www.aladdinsci.com" target="_blank" data-v-497d7a5f><img class="aladdin" src="/_nuxt/aladdin.D0BVBdTx.webp" alt="aladdin" height="60" width="190" loading="lazy" format="wepb" data-v-497d7a5f></a><a href="https://lifescience.opensource.epam.com/" target="_blank" data-v-497d7a5f><img class="gga" src="/_nuxt/gga.DSSRgRFU.webp" alt="gga" height="60" width="165" loading="lazy" format="wepb" data-v-497d7a5f></a><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/es/es/home.html" target="_blank" data-v-497d7a5f><img class="thermo" src="/_nuxt/thermo.CVCS6t6O.webp" alt="thermofisher" height="60" width="147" loading="lazy" format="wepb" data-v-497d7a5f></a><a href="https://www.merckgroup.com/" target="_blank" data-v-497d7a5f><img class="merck" src="data:image/webp;base64,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" alt="merck" height="60" width="239" loading="lazy" format="wepb" data-v-497d7a5f></a></div><div class="information" data-v-497d7a5f>See our <a href="/sponsors" class="" data-v-497d7a5f>sponsors page</a> for more information</div></div></div></div><!--]--></div></div><footer class="rsc-footer" data-v-c85ca48c data-v-9c80ea1f><nav class="footer-navigation-items" aria-label="Footer navigation" data-v-9c80ea1f><ul class="nav-list" data-v-9c80ea1f><!--[--><!--[--><li class="nav-item" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="/about" class="" id="csfooter-about-us" data-v-9c80ea1f>About us</a></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="nav-item" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="/Datasources" class="" id="csfooter-data-sources" data-v-9c80ea1f>Data sources</a></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="nav-item" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://blogs.rsc.org/chemspider" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" id="csfooter-blog" data-v-9c80ea1f>Blog</a></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="nav-item" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="/help" class="" id="csfooter-help" data-v-9c80ea1f>Help</a></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="nav-item" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="/sales" class="" id="csfooter-promotion-on-chemspider" data-v-9c80ea1f>Promotion on ChemSpider</a></li><!--]--><!--]--></ul></nav><div class="nav" data-v-9c80ea1f><div class="viewport" data-v-9c80ea1f><div class="rsc-logo-desktop" data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="/_nuxt/rsc-logo.Bj5PFEZ3.webp" alt="Royal Society of Chemistry" width="342" height="96" data-v-9c80ea1f></div><div class="rsc-logo-mobile" data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="/_nuxt/rscLogoWhite.CUWoqp9K.svg" alt="Royal Society of Chemistry" data-v-9c80ea1f></div><div class="links" data-v-9c80ea1f><!--[--><div class="block-links" data-v-9c80ea1f><ul data-v-9c80ea1f><!--[--><li id="footer-about-us" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/about-us/" data-v-9c80ea1f>About us <span data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;9&#39;%20height=&#39;14&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%209%2014&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M8.34003%206.28955L2.68003%200.639548C2.58707%200.54582%202.47647%200.471426%202.35461%200.420657C2.23275%200.369888%202.10204%200.34375%201.97003%200.34375C1.83802%200.34375%201.70731%200.369888%201.58545%200.420657C1.46359%200.471426%201.35299%200.54582%201.26003%200.639548C1.07378%200.826911%200.969238%201.08036%200.969238%201.34455C0.969238%201.60873%201.07378%201.86219%201.26003%202.04955L6.21003%207.04955L1.26003%2011.9995C1.07378%2012.1869%200.969238%2012.4404%200.969238%2012.7045C0.969238%2012.9687%201.07378%2013.2222%201.26003%2013.4095C1.35265%2013.504%201.46309%2013.5792%201.58497%2013.6307C1.70684%2013.6822%201.83772%2013.709%201.97003%2013.7095C2.10234%2013.709%202.23322%2013.6822%202.3551%2013.6307C2.47697%2013.5792%202.58742%2013.504%202.68003%2013.4095L8.34003%207.75955C8.44154%207.66591%208.52254%207.55225%208.57795%207.42576C8.63336%207.29926%208.66196%207.16265%208.66196%207.02455C8.66196%206.88645%208.63336%206.74984%208.57795%206.62334C8.52254%206.49684%208.44154%206.38319%208.34003%206.28955Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23002C47&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Arrow" class="right-arrow-icon" loading="lazy" width="9" height="14" data-v-9c80ea1f></span></a></li><li id="footer-campaigning-and-outreach" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/campaigning-outreach/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Campaigning &amp; outreach <span data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;9&#39;%20height=&#39;14&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%209%2014&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M8.34003%206.28955L2.68003%200.639548C2.58707%200.54582%202.47647%200.471426%202.35461%200.420657C2.23275%200.369888%202.10204%200.34375%201.97003%200.34375C1.83802%200.34375%201.70731%200.369888%201.58545%200.420657C1.46359%200.471426%201.35299%200.54582%201.26003%200.639548C1.07378%200.826911%200.969238%201.08036%200.969238%201.34455C0.969238%201.60873%201.07378%201.86219%201.26003%202.04955L6.21003%207.04955L1.26003%2011.9995C1.07378%2012.1869%200.969238%2012.4404%200.969238%2012.7045C0.969238%2012.9687%201.07378%2013.2222%201.26003%2013.4095C1.35265%2013.504%201.46309%2013.5792%201.58497%2013.6307C1.70684%2013.6822%201.83772%2013.709%201.97003%2013.7095C2.10234%2013.709%202.23322%2013.6822%202.3551%2013.6307C2.47697%2013.5792%202.58742%2013.504%202.68003%2013.4095L8.34003%207.75955C8.44154%207.66591%208.52254%207.55225%208.57795%207.42576C8.63336%207.29926%208.66196%207.16265%208.66196%207.02455C8.66196%206.88645%208.63336%206.74984%208.57795%206.62334C8.52254%206.49684%208.44154%206.38319%208.34003%206.28955Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23002C47&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Arrow" class="right-arrow-icon" loading="lazy" width="9" height="14" data-v-9c80ea1f></span></a></li><li id="footer-news-and-events" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/news-events/" data-v-9c80ea1f>News &amp; events <span data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;9&#39;%20height=&#39;14&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%209%2014&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M8.34003%206.28955L2.68003%200.639548C2.58707%200.54582%202.47647%200.471426%202.35461%200.420657C2.23275%200.369888%202.10204%200.34375%201.97003%200.34375C1.83802%200.34375%201.70731%200.369888%201.58545%200.420657C1.46359%200.471426%201.35299%200.54582%201.26003%200.639548C1.07378%200.826911%200.969238%201.08036%200.969238%201.34455C0.969238%201.60873%201.07378%201.86219%201.26003%202.04955L6.21003%207.04955L1.26003%2011.9995C1.07378%2012.1869%200.969238%2012.4404%200.969238%2012.7045C0.969238%2012.9687%201.07378%2013.2222%201.26003%2013.4095C1.35265%2013.504%201.46309%2013.5792%201.58497%2013.6307C1.70684%2013.6822%201.83772%2013.709%201.97003%2013.7095C2.10234%2013.709%202.23322%2013.6822%202.3551%2013.6307C2.47697%2013.5792%202.58742%2013.504%202.68003%2013.4095L8.34003%207.75955C8.44154%207.66591%208.52254%207.55225%208.57795%207.42576C8.63336%207.29926%208.66196%207.16265%208.66196%207.02455C8.66196%206.88645%208.63336%206.74984%208.57795%206.62334C8.52254%206.49684%208.44154%206.38319%208.34003%206.28955Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23002C47&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Arrow" class="right-arrow-icon" loading="lazy" width="9" height="14" data-v-9c80ea1f></span></a></li><li id="footer-awards-and-funding" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/awards-funding/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Awards &amp; funding <span data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;9&#39;%20height=&#39;14&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%209%2014&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M8.34003%206.28955L2.68003%200.639548C2.58707%200.54582%202.47647%200.471426%202.35461%200.420657C2.23275%200.369888%202.10204%200.34375%201.97003%200.34375C1.83802%200.34375%201.70731%200.369888%201.58545%200.420657C1.46359%200.471426%201.35299%200.54582%201.26003%200.639548C1.07378%200.826911%200.969238%201.08036%200.969238%201.34455C0.969238%201.60873%201.07378%201.86219%201.26003%202.04955L6.21003%207.04955L1.26003%2011.9995C1.07378%2012.1869%200.969238%2012.4404%200.969238%2012.7045C0.969238%2012.9687%201.07378%2013.2222%201.26003%2013.4095C1.35265%2013.504%201.46309%2013.5792%201.58497%2013.6307C1.70684%2013.6822%201.83772%2013.709%201.97003%2013.7095C2.10234%2013.709%202.23322%2013.6822%202.3551%2013.6307C2.47697%2013.5792%202.58742%2013.504%202.68003%2013.4095L8.34003%207.75955C8.44154%207.66591%208.52254%207.55225%208.57795%207.42576C8.63336%207.29926%208.66196%207.16265%208.66196%207.02455C8.66196%206.88645%208.63336%206.74984%208.57795%206.62334C8.52254%206.49684%208.44154%206.38319%208.34003%206.28955Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23002C47&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Arrow" class="right-arrow-icon" loading="lazy" width="9" height="14" data-v-9c80ea1f></span></a></li><li id="footer-advertise" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/advertise/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Advertise <span data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;9&#39;%20height=&#39;14&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%209%2014&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M8.34003%206.28955L2.68003%200.639548C2.58707%200.54582%202.47647%200.471426%202.35461%200.420657C2.23275%200.369888%202.10204%200.34375%201.97003%200.34375C1.83802%200.34375%201.70731%200.369888%201.58545%200.420657C1.46359%200.471426%201.35299%200.54582%201.26003%200.639548C1.07378%200.826911%200.969238%201.08036%200.969238%201.34455C0.969238%201.60873%201.07378%201.86219%201.26003%202.04955L6.21003%207.04955L1.26003%2011.9995C1.07378%2012.1869%200.969238%2012.4404%200.969238%2012.7045C0.969238%2012.9687%201.07378%2013.2222%201.26003%2013.4095C1.35265%2013.504%201.46309%2013.5792%201.58497%2013.6307C1.70684%2013.6822%201.83772%2013.709%201.97003%2013.7095C2.10234%2013.709%202.23322%2013.6822%202.3551%2013.6307C2.47697%2013.5792%202.58742%2013.504%202.68003%2013.4095L8.34003%207.75955C8.44154%207.66591%208.52254%207.55225%208.57795%207.42576C8.63336%207.29926%208.66196%207.16265%208.66196%207.02455C8.66196%206.88645%208.63336%206.74984%208.57795%206.62334C8.52254%206.49684%208.44154%206.38319%208.34003%206.28955Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23002C47&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Arrow" class="right-arrow-icon" loading="lazy" width="9" height="14" data-v-9c80ea1f></span></a></li><li id="footer-journals-books-and-databases" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Journals, books &amp; databases <span data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;9&#39;%20height=&#39;14&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%209%2014&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M8.34003%206.28955L2.68003%200.639548C2.58707%200.54582%202.47647%200.471426%202.35461%200.420657C2.23275%200.369888%202.10204%200.34375%201.97003%200.34375C1.83802%200.34375%201.70731%200.369888%201.58545%200.420657C1.46359%200.471426%201.35299%200.54582%201.26003%200.639548C1.07378%200.826911%200.969238%201.08036%200.969238%201.34455C0.969238%201.60873%201.07378%201.86219%201.26003%202.04955L6.21003%207.04955L1.26003%2011.9995C1.07378%2012.1869%200.969238%2012.4404%200.969238%2012.7045C0.969238%2012.9687%201.07378%2013.2222%201.26003%2013.4095C1.35265%2013.504%201.46309%2013.5792%201.58497%2013.6307C1.70684%2013.6822%201.83772%2013.709%201.97003%2013.7095C2.10234%2013.709%202.23322%2013.6822%202.3551%2013.6307C2.47697%2013.5792%202.58742%2013.504%202.68003%2013.4095L8.34003%207.75955C8.44154%207.66591%208.52254%207.55225%208.57795%207.42576C8.63336%207.29926%208.66196%207.16265%208.66196%207.02455C8.66196%206.88645%208.63336%206.74984%208.57795%206.62334C8.52254%206.49684%208.44154%206.38319%208.34003%206.28955Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23002C47&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Arrow" class="right-arrow-icon" loading="lazy" width="9" height="14" data-v-9c80ea1f></span></a></li><li id="footer-locations-and-contacts" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/locations-contacts/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Locations &amp; contacts <span data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;9&#39;%20height=&#39;14&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%209%2014&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M8.34003%206.28955L2.68003%200.639548C2.58707%200.54582%202.47647%200.471426%202.35461%200.420657C2.23275%200.369888%202.10204%200.34375%201.97003%200.34375C1.83802%200.34375%201.70731%200.369888%201.58545%200.420657C1.46359%200.471426%201.35299%200.54582%201.26003%200.639548C1.07378%200.826911%200.969238%201.08036%200.969238%201.34455C0.969238%201.60873%201.07378%201.86219%201.26003%202.04955L6.21003%207.04955L1.26003%2011.9995C1.07378%2012.1869%200.969238%2012.4404%200.969238%2012.7045C0.969238%2012.9687%201.07378%2013.2222%201.26003%2013.4095C1.35265%2013.504%201.46309%2013.5792%201.58497%2013.6307C1.70684%2013.6822%201.83772%2013.709%201.97003%2013.7095C2.10234%2013.709%202.23322%2013.6822%202.3551%2013.6307C2.47697%2013.5792%202.58742%2013.504%202.68003%2013.4095L8.34003%207.75955C8.44154%207.66591%208.52254%207.55225%208.57795%207.42576C8.63336%207.29926%208.66196%207.16265%208.66196%207.02455C8.66196%206.88645%208.63336%206.74984%208.57795%206.62334C8.52254%206.49684%208.44154%206.38319%208.34003%206.28955Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23002C47&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Arrow" class="right-arrow-icon" loading="lazy" width="9" height="14" data-v-9c80ea1f></span></a></li><li id="footer-terms-and-conditions" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/help-legal/legal/terms-conditions/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Terms &amp; conditions <span data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;9&#39;%20height=&#39;14&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%209%2014&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M8.34003%206.28955L2.68003%200.639548C2.58707%200.54582%202.47647%200.471426%202.35461%200.420657C2.23275%200.369888%202.10204%200.34375%201.97003%200.34375C1.83802%200.34375%201.70731%200.369888%201.58545%200.420657C1.46359%200.471426%201.35299%200.54582%201.26003%200.639548C1.07378%200.826911%200.969238%201.08036%200.969238%201.34455C0.969238%201.60873%201.07378%201.86219%201.26003%202.04955L6.21003%207.04955L1.26003%2011.9995C1.07378%2012.1869%200.969238%2012.4404%200.969238%2012.7045C0.969238%2012.9687%201.07378%2013.2222%201.26003%2013.4095C1.35265%2013.504%201.46309%2013.5792%201.58497%2013.6307C1.70684%2013.6822%201.83772%2013.709%201.97003%2013.7095C2.10234%2013.709%202.23322%2013.6822%202.3551%2013.6307C2.47697%2013.5792%202.58742%2013.504%202.68003%2013.4095L8.34003%207.75955C8.44154%207.66591%208.52254%207.55225%208.57795%207.42576C8.63336%207.29926%208.66196%207.16265%208.66196%207.02455C8.66196%206.88645%208.63336%206.74984%208.57795%206.62334C8.52254%206.49684%208.44154%206.38319%208.34003%206.28955Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23002C47&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Arrow" class="right-arrow-icon" loading="lazy" width="9" height="14" data-v-9c80ea1f></span></a></li><li id="footer-membership" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/membership-and-community/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Membership <span data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;9&#39;%20height=&#39;14&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%209%2014&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M8.34003%206.28955L2.68003%200.639548C2.58707%200.54582%202.47647%200.471426%202.35461%200.420657C2.23275%200.369888%202.10204%200.34375%201.97003%200.34375C1.83802%200.34375%201.70731%200.369888%201.58545%200.420657C1.46359%200.471426%201.35299%200.54582%201.26003%200.639548C1.07378%200.826911%200.969238%201.08036%200.969238%201.34455C0.969238%201.60873%201.07378%201.86219%201.26003%202.04955L6.21003%207.04955L1.26003%2011.9995C1.07378%2012.1869%200.969238%2012.4404%200.969238%2012.7045C0.969238%2012.9687%201.07378%2013.2222%201.26003%2013.4095C1.35265%2013.504%201.46309%2013.5792%201.58497%2013.6307C1.70684%2013.6822%201.83772%2013.709%201.97003%2013.7095C2.10234%2013.709%202.23322%2013.6822%202.3551%2013.6307C2.47697%2013.5792%202.58742%2013.504%202.68003%2013.4095L8.34003%207.75955C8.44154%207.66591%208.52254%207.55225%208.57795%207.42576C8.63336%207.29926%208.66196%207.16265%208.66196%207.02455C8.66196%206.88645%208.63336%206.74984%208.57795%206.62334C8.52254%206.49684%208.44154%206.38319%208.34003%206.28955Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23002C47&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Arrow" class="right-arrow-icon" loading="lazy" width="9" height="14" data-v-9c80ea1f></span></a></li><li id="footer-careers" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/careers/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Careers <span data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;9&#39;%20height=&#39;14&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%209%2014&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M8.34003%206.28955L2.68003%200.639548C2.58707%200.54582%202.47647%200.471426%202.35461%200.420657C2.23275%200.369888%202.10204%200.34375%201.97003%200.34375C1.83802%200.34375%201.70731%200.369888%201.58545%200.420657C1.46359%200.471426%201.35299%200.54582%201.26003%200.639548C1.07378%200.826911%200.969238%201.08036%200.969238%201.34455C0.969238%201.60873%201.07378%201.86219%201.26003%202.04955L6.21003%207.04955L1.26003%2011.9995C1.07378%2012.1869%200.969238%2012.4404%200.969238%2012.7045C0.969238%2012.9687%201.07378%2013.2222%201.26003%2013.4095C1.35265%2013.504%201.46309%2013.5792%201.58497%2013.6307C1.70684%2013.6822%201.83772%2013.709%201.97003%2013.7095C2.10234%2013.709%202.23322%2013.6822%202.3551%2013.6307C2.47697%2013.5792%202.58742%2013.504%202.68003%2013.4095L8.34003%207.75955C8.44154%207.66591%208.52254%207.55225%208.57795%207.42576C8.63336%207.29926%208.66196%207.16265%208.66196%207.02455C8.66196%206.88645%208.63336%206.74984%208.57795%206.62334C8.52254%206.49684%208.44154%206.38319%208.34003%206.28955Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23002C47&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Arrow" class="right-arrow-icon" loading="lazy" width="9" height="14" data-v-9c80ea1f></span></a></li><li id="footer-help-and-legal" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/help-legal/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Help &amp; legal <span data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;9&#39;%20height=&#39;14&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%209%2014&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M8.34003%206.28955L2.68003%200.639548C2.58707%200.54582%202.47647%200.471426%202.35461%200.420657C2.23275%200.369888%202.10204%200.34375%201.97003%200.34375C1.83802%200.34375%201.70731%200.369888%201.58545%200.420657C1.46359%200.471426%201.35299%200.54582%201.26003%200.639548C1.07378%200.826911%200.969238%201.08036%200.969238%201.34455C0.969238%201.60873%201.07378%201.86219%201.26003%202.04955L6.21003%207.04955L1.26003%2011.9995C1.07378%2012.1869%200.969238%2012.4404%200.969238%2012.7045C0.969238%2012.9687%201.07378%2013.2222%201.26003%2013.4095C1.35265%2013.504%201.46309%2013.5792%201.58497%2013.6307C1.70684%2013.6822%201.83772%2013.709%201.97003%2013.7095C2.10234%2013.709%202.23322%2013.6822%202.3551%2013.6307C2.47697%2013.5792%202.58742%2013.504%202.68003%2013.4095L8.34003%207.75955C8.44154%207.66591%208.52254%207.55225%208.57795%207.42576C8.63336%207.29926%208.66196%207.16265%208.66196%207.02455C8.66196%206.88645%208.63336%206.74984%208.57795%206.62334C8.52254%206.49684%208.44154%206.38319%208.34003%206.28955Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23002C47&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Arrow" class="right-arrow-icon" loading="lazy" width="9" height="14" data-v-9c80ea1f></span></a></li><li id="footer-privacy-policy" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/help-legal/legal/privacy/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Privacy policy <span data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20width=&#39;9&#39;%20height=&#39;14&#39;%20viewBox=&#39;0%200%209%2014&#39;%20fill=&#39;none&#39;%20xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;%3e%3cpath%20d=&#39;M8.34003%206.28955L2.68003%200.639548C2.58707%200.54582%202.47647%200.471426%202.35461%200.420657C2.23275%200.369888%202.10204%200.34375%201.97003%200.34375C1.83802%200.34375%201.70731%200.369888%201.58545%200.420657C1.46359%200.471426%201.35299%200.54582%201.26003%200.639548C1.07378%200.826911%200.969238%201.08036%200.969238%201.34455C0.969238%201.60873%201.07378%201.86219%201.26003%202.04955L6.21003%207.04955L1.26003%2011.9995C1.07378%2012.1869%200.969238%2012.4404%200.969238%2012.7045C0.969238%2012.9687%201.07378%2013.2222%201.26003%2013.4095C1.35265%2013.504%201.46309%2013.5792%201.58497%2013.6307C1.70684%2013.6822%201.83772%2013.709%201.97003%2013.7095C2.10234%2013.709%202.23322%2013.6822%202.3551%2013.6307C2.47697%2013.5792%202.58742%2013.504%202.68003%2013.4095L8.34003%207.75955C8.44154%207.66591%208.52254%207.55225%208.57795%207.42576C8.63336%207.29926%208.66196%207.16265%208.66196%207.02455C8.66196%206.88645%208.63336%206.74984%208.57795%206.62334C8.52254%206.49684%208.44154%206.38319%208.34003%206.28955Z&#39;%20fill=&#39;%23002C47&#39;/%3e%3c/svg%3e" alt="Arrow" class="right-arrow-icon" loading="lazy" width="9" height="14" data-v-9c80ea1f></span></a></li><!--]--></ul></div><!--]--></div><div class="links-mobile" data-v-9c80ea1f><ul data-v-9c80ea1f><!--[--><li id="footer-mbl-home" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Home</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-campaigning-and-outreach" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/campaigning-outreach/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Campaigning &amp; outreach</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-news-and-events" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/news-events/" data-v-9c80ea1f>News &amp; events</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-awards-and-funding" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/awards-funding/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Awards &amp; funding</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-privacy-policy" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/help-legal/legal/privacy/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Privacy policy</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-about-us" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/about-us/" data-v-9c80ea1f>About us</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-terms-and-conditions" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/help-legal/legal/terms-conditions/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Terms &amp; conditions</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-journals-books-and-databases" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Journals, books &amp; databases</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-locations-and-contacts" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/locations-contacts/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Locations &amp; contacts</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-advertise" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/advertise/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Advertise</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-terms-and-conditions" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/help-legal/legal/terms-conditions/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Terms &amp; conditions</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-membership-and-professional-community" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/membership-and-community/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Membership &amp; professional community</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-teaching-and-learning" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/teaching-and-learning/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Teaching &amp; learning</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-careers" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/careers/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Careers</a></li><li id="footer-mbl-help-and-legal" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="https://www.rsc.org/help-legal/" data-v-9c80ea1f>Help &amp; legal</a></li><!--]--></ul></div></div></div><div class="baseline" data-v-9c80ea1f><div class="viewport" data-v-9c80ea1f><div class="copyright" data-v-9c80ea1f><div class="copyright-rsc" id="footer-copyright-pt1" data-v-9c80ea1f>漏 Royal Society of Chemistry 2025</div><div class="char-number" id="footer-copyright-pt2" data-v-9c80ea1f>Registered charity number 207890</div></div><div class="social-icons" data-v-9c80ea1f><!--[--><a href="https://www.facebook.com/RoyalSocietyofChemistry" class="facebook" aria-label="Follow us on facebook" id="footer-mbl-facebook" data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/global/header-footer/images/icons/facebook.png" height="32" width="32" alt="facebook" loading="lazy" data-v-9c80ea1f></a><a href="https://twitter.com/RoySocChem" class="twitter" aria-label="Follow us on twitter" id="footer-mbl-twitter" data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/global/header-footer/images/icons/twitter.png" height="32" width="32" alt="twitter" loading="lazy" data-v-9c80ea1f></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/23105" class="linkedin" aria-label="Follow us on linkedin" id="footer-mbl-linkedin" data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/global/header-footer/images/icons/linkedin.png" height="32" width="32" alt="linkedin" loading="lazy" data-v-9c80ea1f></a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/wwwRSCorg" class="youtube" aria-label="Follow us on youtube" id="footer-mbl-youtube" data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="https://www.rsc-cdn.org/global/header-footer/images/icons/youtube.png" height="32" width="32" alt="youtube" loading="lazy" data-v-9c80ea1f></a><!--]--></div><div class="social-icons-mobile" data-v-9c80ea1f><!--[--><a href="https://www.facebook.com/RoyalSocietyofChemistry" class="facebook" id="footer-mbl-facebook" data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/webp;base64,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" height="32" width="32" alt="facebook" loading="lazy" data-v-9c80ea1f></a><a href="https://twitter.com/RoySocChem" class="twitter" id="footer-mbl-twitter" data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/webp;base64,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" height="32" width="32" alt="twitter" loading="lazy" data-v-9c80ea1f></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/23105" class="linkedin" id="footer-mbl-linkedin" data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/webp;base64,UklGRjYBAABXRUJQVlA4WAoAAAAQAAAAGAAAFwAAQUxQSKcAAAABgLNt2/FW+B0nW1JO7mzbszn2B3jn7jlzNdm2NXWybfuu+/RoREyA4/yT6GMl8intVSwW86k/OedKZk8HZMosAIiQOXcGzDI8bhqh0NXV1QMfrq6uyOn6wYufqIFidgCY8AdgVydhhc+GTQHY+hkAlAjEXnMOQIZAFUkXIF2ghWQQEC8U8ieJcsn/qaenZ4VHPT09JyRnenoWv5ONyRVzNZqXlkXzAABWUDggaAAAADAEAJ0BKhkAGAA+kUKbSiWjoiGoCACwEgliALUBoDbAXYB/AN9fAk9cCAD+60FPiH/ggvxB/TDAZfaP/c36Fe7DEv9fybRATUtWduBVXv82GlhdL0mkzywxIeA/nAZY3dnquCWeV1QA" height="32" width="32" alt="linkedin" loading="lazy" data-v-9c80ea1f></a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/wwwRSCorg" class="youtube" id="footer-mbl-youtube" data-v-9c80ea1f><img src="data:image/webp;base64,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" height="32" width="32" alt="youtube" loading="lazy" data-v-9c80ea1f></a><!--]--></div></div></div><div class="rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer" aria-label="Cookie consent information" data-v-9c80ea1f><div id="rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer-non-br" data-v-9c80ea1f>This website collects cookies to deliver a better user experience. <span id="rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer-global" data-v-9c80ea1f> See how this site uses <a href="/cookies" data-v-9c80ea1f>Cookies</a>. </span><span id="rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer-ca" style="display:none;" data-v-9c80ea1f><a href="/cookies" data-v-9c80ea1f>Do not sell my personal data</a>. </span></div><div id="rsc-onetrust-cookie-footer-br" style="display:none;" data-v-9c80ea1f> Este site coleta cookies para oferecer uma melhor experi锚ncia ao usu谩rio. <span data-v-9c80ea1f> Veja como este site usa <a href="/cookies" data-v-9c80ea1f>Cookies</a>. </span></div></div></footer></div></div></div><div id="teleports"></div><script type="application/json" data-nuxt-data="nuxt-app" data-ssr="true" id="__NUXT_DATA__">[["ShallowReactive",1],{"data":2,"state":4,"once":16,"_errors":17,"serverRendered":19,"path":20,"pinia":21},["ShallowReactive",3],{},["Reactive",5],{"$sscreen":6,"$scompound":7,"$stoggle":8,"$ssearch":9,"$scompounds":15,"$sloading":8,"$serrorMsg":10},0,{},false,{"actual":10,"found":10,"foundBy":10,"partial":11,"autosuggestions":12,"totalResults":6,"orderBy":13,"orderDirection":14,"multiComponent":11,"isotopically":11},"",null,[],"Datasources","descending",[],["Set"],["ShallowReactive",18],{},true,"/",{"test":22},{"accordions":23,"spectra":126,"datasourcesOptions":127,"wikipediaData":128,"bannerMessage":10,"myTimeOut":6,"windowAlert":10,"pagination":129,"tab":10,"previousTab":10,"advSearchCategory":10,"advSearchPropOption":10,"foundBy":10,"compounds":6,"firstPageLoad":19,"loadSecondAddCounter":6,"blacklist":130},[24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38,40,42,44,46,48,50,52,54,56,58,60,62,64,66,68,70,72,74,76,78,80,82,84,86,88,90,92,94,96,98,100,102,104,106,108,110,112,114,116,118,120,122,124],{"title":25,"activated":19},"Names and synonyms",{"title":27,"activated":8},"Database IDs",{"title":29,"activated":8},"Melting point",{"title":31,"activated":8},"Boiling point",{"title":33,"activated":8},"Ionization potential",{"title":35,"activated":8},"Vapor pressure",{"title":37,"activated":8},"LogP",{"title":39,"activated":8},"Flash point",{"title":41,"activated":8},"Solubility",{"title":43,"activated":8},"Density",{"title":45,"activated":8},"Appearance",{"title":47,"activated":8},"Refraction index",{"title":49,"activated":8},"Lambda max",{"title":51,"activated":8},"Target organs",{"title":53,"activated":8},"Toxicity",{"title":55,"activated":8},"Bioactivity",{"title":57,"activated":8},"Incompatibility",{"title":59,"activated":8},"Stability",{"title":61,"activated":8},"Chemical class",{"title":63,"activated":8},"Kovats",{"title":65,"activated":8},"Normal alkane",{"title":67,"activated":8},"Lee",{"title":69,"activated":8},"Linear",{"title":71,"activated":8},"ACD/Labs",{"title":73,"activated":8},"鹿H NMR",{"title":75,"activated":8},"鹿鲁C NMR",{"title":77,"activated":8},"2D NMR 鹿H鈥撀笻 COSY",{"title":79,"activated":8},"2D NMR 鹿H鈥撀笻 Long range correlation",{"title":81,"activated":8},"2D NMR 鹿H鈥撀笻 NOESY/ROESY",{"title":83,"activated":8},"2D NMR 鹿H鈥撀孤矯 HSQC",{"title":85,"activated":8},"2D NMR 鹿H鈥撀孤矯 HMBC",{"title":87,"activated":8},"APCI MS (positive)",{"title":89,"activated":8},"APCI MS (negative)",{"title":91,"activated":8},"APPI MS (positive)",{"title":93,"activated":8},"APPI MS (negative)",{"title":95,"activated":8},"Chemical ionization MS (positive)",{"title":97,"activated":8},"Chemical ionization MS (negative)",{"title":99,"activated":8},"Electron ionization MS",{"title":101,"activated":8},"Electrospray ionization MS (positive)",{"title":103,"activated":8},"Electrospray ionization MS (negative)",{"title":105,"activated":8},"MALDI MS (positive)",{"title":107,"activated":8},"MALDI MS (negative)",{"title":109,"activated":8},"MS/MS tandem mass spectrum",{"title":111,"activated":8},"鹿鈦笷 NMR",{"title":113,"activated":8},"Infrared",{"title":115,"activated":8},"Near infrared",{"title":117,"activated":8},"鲁鹿P NMR",{"title":119,"activated":8},"Raman",{"title":121,"activated":8},"UV鈥搗is",{"title":123,"activated":8},"Links & references",{"title":125,"activated":8},"RSC Journals",[],[],{},{"search":6,"linksReferences":6},[131,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,139],"AQ BioPharma","Angene","BirdoTech","Chemspace","Manchester Organics","MedChem Express","Molecule Market","Renaissance Chemicals","Vitas-M"]</script> <script>window.__NUXT__={};window.__NUXT__.config={public:{apiBase:"https://www.chemspider.com/",fakeAWS:"",local:"",production:"true",gtmCode:"GTM-K42RCBZX",gtmFrameClient:"",gtmFrameServer:"",oneTrustKey:"887aa0cb-2793-45c3-8af4-00264a14f0d5",recaptcha:{v2SiteKey:"6Ldo34cUAAAAAMqOdXScgsTnjBuDGwn7KLJZDLo_"},feature_toggle_advanced_search:"true",feature_toggle_structure_search:"true",feature_toggle_hide_structure_search_options:"true",booster:{debug:false,lazyOffsetComponent:"0%",lazyOffsetAsset:"0%",usedFontaine:true}},app:{baseURL:"/",buildId:"62f623a6-eebc-4c9a-b1fb-803152992c9a",buildAssetsDir:"/_nuxt/",cdnURL:""}}</script></body></html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10