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Heriot-Watt University - Wikipedia

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id="toc-School_of_Arts_of_Edinburgh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#School_of_Arts_of_Edinburgh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>School of Arts of Edinburgh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-School_of_Arts_of_Edinburgh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Watt_Institution_and_School_of_Arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Watt_Institution_and_School_of_Arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Watt Institution and School of Arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Watt_Institution_and_School_of_Arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Watt_Club" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Watt_Club"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>The Watt Club</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Watt_Club-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heriot-Watt_College" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heriot-Watt_College"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Heriot-Watt College</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heriot-Watt_College-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heriot-Watt_University" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heriot-Watt_University"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Heriot-Watt University</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heriot-Watt_University-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campuses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campuses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Campuses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campuses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Campuses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Campuses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Edinburgh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edinburgh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Edinburgh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edinburgh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scottish_Borders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scottish_Borders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Scottish Borders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scottish_Borders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dubai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dubai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Dubai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dubai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malaysia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malaysia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Malaysia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malaysia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Orkney" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orkney"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Orkney</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orkney-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Organisation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academic_profile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_profile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Academic profile</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academic_profile-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Academic profile subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Academic_profile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rankings_and_reputation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rankings_and_reputation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Rankings and reputation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rankings_and_reputation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Admissions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Admissions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Admissions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Admissions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Masters_in_Strategic_Project_Management" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Masters_in_Strategic_Project_Management"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Masters in Strategic Project Management</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Masters_in_Strategic_Project_Management-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Student life</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Student life subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Student_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Student Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Sports Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_alumni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_alumni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable alumni</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_alumni-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable alumni subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_alumni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academia_and_science" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academia_and_science"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Academia and science</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academia_and_science-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Business" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Business"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Business</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Business-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_staff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_staff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable staff</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_staff-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable staff subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_staff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Principals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Principals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Heriot-Watt University</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="جامعة هيريوت وات – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جامعة هيريوت وات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heriot-Vatt_Universiteti" title="Heriot-Vatt Universiteti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Heriot-Vatt Universiteti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="هریوت-وات بیلیم‌یوردو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هریوت-وات بیلیم‌یوردو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%91%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%96_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Універсітэт імя Херыёта і Вата – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Універсітэт імя Херыёта і Вата" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heriot-Watt_University" title="Heriot-Watt University – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Heriot-Watt University" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heriot-Watt_University" title="Heriot-Watt University – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Heriot-Watt University" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herioti-Watti_%C3%BClikool" title="Herioti-Watti ülikool – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Herioti-Watti ülikool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Heriot-Watt" title="Universidad Heriot-Watt – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Universidad Heriot-Watt" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitato_Heriot-Watt" title="Universitato Heriot-Watt – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Universitato Heriot-Watt" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="دانشگاه هریوت-وات – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشگاه هریوت-وات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Heriot-Watt" title="Université Heriot-Watt – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Université Heriot-Watt" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilthigh_Heriot-Watt" title="Oilthigh Heriot-Watt – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Oilthigh Heriot-Watt" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilthigh_Heriot-Watt" title="Oilthigh Heriot-Watt – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Oilthigh Heriot-Watt" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%87_%EC%99%80%ED%8A%B8_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="헤리엇 와트 대학교 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헤리엇 와트 대학교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9F-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हेरियट-वाट विश्वविद्यालय – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हेरियट-वाट विश्वविद्यालय" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Heriot-Watt" title="Università Heriot-Watt – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Università Heriot-Watt" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="جامعة هيريوت-وات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جامعة هيريوت-وات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AF%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="ヘリオット・ワット大学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘリオット・ワット大学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%A3%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Университет Хериота-Уатта – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Университет Хериота-Уатта" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heriot-Watt_Varsity" title="Heriot-Watt Varsity – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Heriot-Watt Varsity" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heriot-Watt_University" title="Heriot-Watt University – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Heriot-Watt University" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univerzitet_Heriot-Watt" title="Univerzitet Heriot-Watt – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Univerzitet Heriot-Watt" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamantasang_Heriot-Watt" title="Pamantasang Heriot-Watt – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pamantasang Heriot-Watt" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">University in Edinburgh, Scotland</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Heriot-Watt University</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname">Oilthigh Heriot-Watt</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Heriot-Watt_University_arms.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Heriot-Watt_University_arms.svg/175px-Heriot-Watt_University_arms.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Heriot-Watt_University_arms.svg/263px-Heriot-Watt_University_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Heriot-Watt_University_arms.svg/350px-Heriot-Watt_University_arms.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="581" data-file-height="700" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Coat of Arms</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data">Leaders in ideas and solutions</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1821 &#8211; School of Arts of Edinburgh<br />1852 &#8211; Watt Institution and School of Arts<br />1885 &#8211; Heriot-Watt College<br />1966 – university by <a href="/wiki/Royal_Charter" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Charter">Royal Charter</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>12.2 million (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-annacc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-annacc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>259.5 million (2022/23)<sup id="cite_ref-annacc_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-annacc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">Chancellor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Palmer_(scientist)" title="Geoff Palmer (scientist)">Sir Geoff Palmer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Principal_(academia)" title="Principal (academia)">Principal</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Williams_(academic)" title="Richard Williams (academic)">Richard Williams</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">925 Scotland based (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Administrative staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,737<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_Annual_statistics_2011-12_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_Annual_statistics_2011-12-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">Global: 31,000<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_Annual_statistics_2011-12_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_Annual_statistics_2011-12-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br /> Edinburgh: 11,625 (2022/23)<sup id="cite_ref-HESA_citation_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HESA_citation-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Edinburgh: 7,185 (2022/23)<sup id="cite_ref-HESA_citation_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HESA_citation-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Postgraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Edinburgh: 4,440 (2022/23)<sup id="cite_ref-HESA_citation_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HESA_citation-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, United Kingdom</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data">Suburban</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Other campus locations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Borders" title="Scottish Borders">Scottish Borders</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orkney</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Commonwealth_Universities" title="Association of Commonwealth Universities">Association of Commonwealth Universities</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Universities_Scotland" title="Universities Scotland">Universities Scotland</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Universities_UK" title="Universities UK">Universities UK</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hw.ac.uk/">www<wbr />.hw<wbr />.ac<wbr />.uk</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Heriot-Watt_University_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Heriot-Watt_University_logo.svg/220px-Heriot-Watt_University_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Heriot-Watt_University_logo.svg/330px-Heriot-Watt_University_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Heriot-Watt_University_logo.svg/440px-Heriot-Watt_University_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Heriot-Watt University</b> (<a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Gaelic language">Scottish Gaelic</a>: <i lang="gd">Oilthigh Heriot-Watt</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>. It was established in 1821 as the <b>School of Arts of Edinburgh,</b> the world's first <a href="/wiki/Mechanics%27_institute" title="Mechanics&#39; institute">mechanics' institute</a>, and was subsequently granted university status by <a href="/wiki/Royal_charter" title="Royal charter">royal charter</a> in 1966. It is the eighth-oldest higher education institution in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-uaeuni_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uaeuni-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The name Heriot-Watt was taken from Scottish inventor <a href="/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt">James Watt</a> and Scottish philanthropist and goldsmith <a href="/wiki/George_Heriot" title="George Heriot">George Heriot</a>. </p><p>The annual income of the institution for 2022–23 was £259.5 million of which £33 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £266.7 million.<sup id="cite_ref-annacc_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-annacc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Known for its focus on science as well as engineering, it is one of the 23 colleges that were granted university status in the 1960s, and it is sometimes considered a <a href="/wiki/Plate_glass_university" title="Plate glass university">plate glass university</a>, like <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster University">Lancaster</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">Warwick</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tandfonline.com_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tandfonline.com-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-timeshighereducation.com_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timeshighereducation.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The university has three campuses in Scotland and one each in the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">UAE</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jameswatt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="statue of James Watt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Jameswatt.jpg/170px-Jameswatt.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Jameswatt.jpg/255px-Jameswatt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Jameswatt.jpg/340px-Jameswatt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1508" /></a><figcaption>This statue of <a href="/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt">James Watt</a> commissioned for the School of Arts today sits at Heriot-Watt's Edinburgh Campus.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="School_of_Arts_of_Edinburgh">School of Arts of Edinburgh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: School of Arts of Edinburgh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Heriot-Watt was established as the School of Arts of Edinburgh (not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_College_of_Art" title="Edinburgh College of Art">Edinburgh College of Art</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>) by Scottish businessman <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Horner" title="Leonard Horner">Leonard Horner</a> on 16 October 1821. Having been inspired by <a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Royal College of Science and Technology">Anderson's College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, Horner established the school to provide practical knowledge of science and technology to Edinburgh's working men.<sup id="cite_ref-EPJ_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPJ-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 64–66">&#58;&#8202;64–66&#8202;</span></sup> The institution was initially of modest size, giving lectures two nights a week in rented rooms<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and it had a small library of around 500 technical works.<sup id="cite_ref-EPJ_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPJ-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 100">&#58;&#8202;100&#8202;</span></sup> It was also oversubscribed, with admissions soon closing despite the cost of 15 <a href="/wiki/Shilling" title="Shilling">shillings</a> for a year's access to lectures and the library.<sup id="cite_ref-EPJ_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPJ-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The school was managed by a board of eighteen directors<sup id="cite_ref-EPJ_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPJ-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and primarily funded by sponsors from the middle and upper classes, including <a href="/wiki/Robert_Stevenson_(civil_engineer)" title="Robert Stevenson (civil engineer)">Robert Stevenson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Walter Scott</a>. It first became associated with the inventor and engineer <a href="/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt">James Watt</a> in 1824, as a means of raising funds to secure permanent accommodation. Justifying the association, School Director <a href="/wiki/Lord_Cockburn" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Cockburn">Lord Cockburn</a> said: </p> <blockquote><p>"[The building] shall be employed for the accommodation of the Edinburgh School of Arts; whereby the memory of Watt may forever be connected with the promotion, among a class of men to which he himself originally belonged, of those mechanical arts from which his own usefulness and glory arose.<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 103">&#58;&#8202;103&#8202;</span></sup> "</p></blockquote> <p>In 1837, the School of Arts moved to leased accommodation on Adam Square, which it purchased in 1851 with funds raised in Watt's name. In honour of the purchase, the School changed its name to the Watt Institution and School of Arts in 1852. The statue of Watt was added in front of the Adam Square school in 1854 and has since moved as the premises moved.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Watt_Institution_and_School_of_Arts">Watt Institution and School of Arts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Watt Institution and School of Arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Heriot-Watt's time as the Watt Institution marked a transitional period for the organisation, as its curriculum broadened to include several subjects beyond mathematics and the physical sciences. While the School of Arts had catered almost exclusively to working-class <a href="/wiki/Artisan" title="Artisan">artisans</a> and technical workers, the Watt Institution admitted a large number of middle-class students, whom it attracted with new subjects in the sciences, social sciences and humanities. By 1885, the skilled working class were no longer the majority in an institution that had been created explicitly for them.<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 133–135">&#58;&#8202;133–135&#8202;</span></sup> </p><p>A shifting class make-up was not the only demographic change to affect the student body: in 1869 women were permitted to attend lectures for the first time. This move put the Watt Institution some way ahead of <a href="/wiki/Universities_in_Scotland" title="Universities in Scotland">Scottish universities</a>, who were only permitted to allow women to graduate 20 years later following the Universities (Scotland) Act of 1889.<sup id="cite_ref-Constitutional_&amp;_Administrative_Law_(8th_Edition)_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Constitutional_&amp;_Administrative_Law_(8th_Edition)-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 163">&#58;&#8202;163&#8202;</span></sup> The decision to admit women was made in large part owing to pressure from local campaigner <a href="/wiki/Mary_Burton" title="Mary Burton">Mary Burton</a>, who later became the institution's first female director in 1874.<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 133–135">&#58;&#8202;133–135&#8202;</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1870, the Watt Institution was forced to move when Adam Square was demolished.<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 148–153">&#58;&#8202;148–153&#8202;</span></sup> After a brief period on Roxburgh Place, it relocated to the newly constructed <a href="/wiki/Chambers_Street_(Edinburgh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chambers Street (Edinburgh)">Chambers Street</a> near its former site. The move caused the institution severe financial difficulties, which were compounded by a combination of declining funds from subscribers and increased costs from its growing student body. </p><p>In 1873, the directors turned to <a href="/wiki/George_Heriot" title="George Heriot">George Heriot</a>'s Trust for support and agreed to a merger of the Trust's endowment with the institution's own. The proposed merger was provisional to changes in the structure of the Watt Institution, which would see the organisation become a technical college with representatives of the Trust in management positions. Accepting these changes, the Watt Institution officially became <b>Heriot-Watt College</b> in 1885 and was subsequently on far firmer financial ground.<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 160–161">&#58;&#8202;160–161&#8202;</span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Watt_Club">The Watt Club</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: The Watt Club"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/The_Watt_Club" title="The Watt Club">The Watt Club</a></div> <p>The Watt Club was founded at the Watt Institution on 12 May 1854, and is today the oldest alumni organisation in the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Following the unveiling of a statue of James Watt outside the institution, local jeweller J.E Vernon proposed that </p> <blockquote><p>"[a club should be formed] whose object would be to sup together on the anniversary of the birth of James Watt…and also to promote the interests of the School, by raising a fund each year to provide prizes.<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 144–145">&#58;&#8202;144–145&#8202;</span></sup>"</p></blockquote> <p>Watt Club Medals are still awarded by the organisation each year to Heriot-Watt's most highly achieving students, while the Watt Club Prize is awarded by The Watt Club Council to recognise student initiative and enterprise.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heriot-Watt_College">Heriot-Watt College</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Heriot-Watt College"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chambers_Street,_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1419940.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The former site of the Watt School" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Chambers_Street%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1419940.jpg/220px-Chambers_Street%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1419940.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Chambers_Street%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1419940.jpg/330px-Chambers_Street%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1419940.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Chambers_Street%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1419940.jpg/440px-Chambers_Street%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1419940.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="446" /></a><figcaption>The former site of Heriot-Watt College on <a href="/wiki/Chambers_Street_(Edinburgh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chambers Street (Edinburgh)">Chambers Street</a>, today occupied by the Edinburgh <a href="/wiki/Crown_Office_and_Procurator_Fiscal_Service" title="Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service">Crown Office</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After the establishment of Heriot-Watt as a technical college, the new management committee set about extending the institution's buildings and strengthening its academic reputation.<sup id="cite_ref-nahste_two_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nahste_two-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In its new form the college was one of only three non-university institutions in the UK with the power to appoint professors, and the first of these was appointed in 1887. In 1902 the college became a <a href="/wiki/Central_institution" title="Central institution">central institution</a>, while in 1904 it introduced awards for graduating students which were similar to university degrees.<sup id="cite_ref-nahste_two_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nahste_two-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Expansion meant that the college made increasing demands on George Heriot's Trust throughout the first part of the 20th century, which ultimately led to the independence of the two bodies in 1927. While the Trust continued to pay Heriot-Watt a fixed sum each year, from then on the college was responsible for managing its own financial affairs.<sup id="cite_ref-nahste_two_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nahste_two-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Heriot-Watt continued to expand after becoming independent, opening a new extension in 1935.<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 243">&#58;&#8202;243&#8202;</span></sup> </p><p>Both World Wars impacted on the speed of the college's expansion. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, student numbers dropped as young men joined the army, while teaching in engineering stalled as the department was used for the manufacture of shells and munitions.<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 213–215">&#58;&#8202;213–215&#8202;</span></sup> During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, student numbers dropped again and the electrical engineering department became involved in training the armed services in the use of <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radar</a>. </p><p>After the college introduced a postgraduate award in 1951, it offered awards equivalent to university degrees and doctorates in all practical respects. Recognising this, in 1963 the <a href="/wiki/Robbins_Report" title="Robbins Report">Robbins Report</a> recommended that it should be awarded university status. On 1 February 1966 the recommendation was enacted, as the institution officially became <b>Heriot-Watt University</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-nahste_two_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nahste_two-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heriot-Watt_University">Heriot-Watt University</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Heriot-Watt University"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heriot-Watt_Reception.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Heriot-Watt_Reception.jpg/220px-Heriot-Watt_Reception.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Heriot-Watt_Reception.jpg/330px-Heriot-Watt_Reception.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Heriot-Watt_Reception.jpg/440px-Heriot-Watt_Reception.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="2040" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>The first personal chair was appointed in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>While Heriot-Watt continued to expand in the centre of Edinburgh after attaining university status, the institution had grown big enough that relocation was felt to be desirable.<sup id="cite_ref-nahste_two_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nahste_two-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 1966 <a href="/wiki/Midlothian_County_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Midlothian County Council">Midlothian County Council</a> gifted the Riccarton estate north of <a href="/wiki/Currie" title="Currie">Currie</a> to the university, and in 1969 work began on transforming the site into a future campus.<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 252">&#58;&#8202;252&#8202;</span></sup> The process of relocation to Riccarton continued until 1992, with teaching and facilities divided between the new campus and the city centre until then.<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 379–381">&#58;&#8202;379–381&#8202;</span></sup> </p><p>The university has continued to grow after completing its move to Riccarton, constructing additional student halls, a sports centre and a postgraduate centre on the site. The institution also expanded beyond Edinburgh, merging with the Scottish College of Textiles to create a campus in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Borders" title="Scottish Borders">Scottish Borders</a> in 1998, and opening a campus in <a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a> in 2006<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 436–441">&#58;&#8202;436–441&#8202;</span></sup> and a campus in <a href="/wiki/Putrajaya" title="Putrajaya">Putrajaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>, in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-Malaysia_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malaysia-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In recent years, the university's campus in Edinburgh has benefited from major infrastructural projects worth £60 million, with another £68 million worth investment announced. These include the UK's first purpose-built graduate centre (£6 million),<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Scotland's elite Oriam Sports Performance Centre facility (£33 million),<sup id="cite_ref-architectsjournal.co.uk_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-architectsjournal.co.uk-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and the UK's first FlexBIO flexible downstream bioprocessing centre (£2 million).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It is also constructing a 5,000 m<sup>2</sup> Watt Innovation Building supporting Global Research, Innovation and Discovery [GRID]<sup id="cite_ref-architectsjournal.co.uk_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-architectsjournal.co.uk-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> to boost 'creativity and ideas generation' on the university's growing Edinburgh campus. The university has plans to host a major £65 million film studio<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and a £2.5 million academic partnership with the oil and gas firm <a href="/wiki/TotalEnergies" title="TotalEnergies">Total</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> However, in 2017 it was also announced that a major budget shortfall and the impact of <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a> would result in Heriot-Watt shedding 100 jobs by voluntary redundancies.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campuses">Campuses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Campuses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Loch,_Heriot-Watt_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_25700.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="the Edinburgh campus loch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/The_Loch%2C_Heriot-Watt_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_25700.jpg/220px-The_Loch%2C_Heriot-Watt_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_25700.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/The_Loch%2C_Heriot-Watt_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_25700.jpg/330px-The_Loch%2C_Heriot-Watt_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_25700.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/The_Loch%2C_Heriot-Watt_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_25700.jpg/440px-The_Loch%2C_Heriot-Watt_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_25700.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>A view of the loch at Edinburgh Campus</figcaption></figure> <p>Heriot-Watt currently has five campuses, and also runs distance learning programmes through 53 approved learning partners to students around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Edinburgh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Heriot-Watt's main campus is located in <a href="/wiki/Riccarton,_Edinburgh" title="Riccarton, Edinburgh">Riccarton</a> in South West Edinburgh on 380 acres (150 hectares) of parkland. The campus consists of: academic buildings, student residences, a postgraduate centre, shops, several library collections, childcare, healthcare, a chaplaincy, a variety of recreational and sports facilities, and a museum, as well as the Student Union's main premises.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It is also home to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edinburgh_Conference_Centre&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Edinburgh Conference Centre (page does not exist)">Edinburgh Conference Centre</a> and Europe's oldest research park, Heriot-Watt University Research Park which opened in 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 386">&#58;&#8202;386&#8202;</span></sup> The university's Institute of Petroleum Engineering is based at its Edinburgh campus.<sup id="cite_ref-ipe_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ipe-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scottish_Borders">Scottish Borders</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Scottish Borders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heriot_Watt_University_Scottish_Borders_Campus_-_geograph.org.uk_-_210840.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Heriot-Watt&#39;s Scottish Borders Campus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Heriot_Watt_University_Scottish_Borders_Campus_-_geograph.org.uk_-_210840.jpg/220px-Heriot_Watt_University_Scottish_Borders_Campus_-_geograph.org.uk_-_210840.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Heriot_Watt_University_Scottish_Borders_Campus_-_geograph.org.uk_-_210840.jpg/330px-Heriot_Watt_University_Scottish_Borders_Campus_-_geograph.org.uk_-_210840.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Heriot_Watt_University_Scottish_Borders_Campus_-_geograph.org.uk_-_210840.jpg/440px-Heriot_Watt_University_Scottish_Borders_Campus_-_geograph.org.uk_-_210840.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Scottish Borders Campus</figcaption></figure> <p>Heriot-Watt's Scottish Borders Campus in <a href="/wiki/Galashiels" title="Galashiels">Galashiels</a> is home to the university's School of Textile and Design.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The school began life in 1883 when the Galashiels Manufacturer's Corporation began running classes in practical courses for its workers. The institution gradually grew both in terms of student numbers and the number of courses it offered, and it ultimately became known as the <b>Scottish College of Textiles</b> in 1968. In 1998 the college merged with Heriot-Watt, leading to the creation of the School of Textiles and Design in its modern form.<sup id="cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 436–444">&#58;&#8202;436–444&#8202;</span></sup> </p><p>The school is one of the few fashion schools in the world which offers a menswear course at bachelor's degree level, and the only school in Scotland to offer a fashion communication course. It was ranked 11th place in the UK for art and design in the 2013 Complete University Guide,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> produced a winner and five other finalists for the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Fashion_Awards" title="Scottish Fashion Awards">Scottish Fashion Awards</a> Graduate of the Year in June 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the Scottish Borders Campus shares some facilities and administrative functions with Edinburgh, it is largely self-contained. As well as its own library, accommodation and catering facilities,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> it has its own branch of the Student Union which runs events on the site<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and is home to a collection of textile records and artefacts.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> A new £12M student village opened at the Campus in September 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The entire campus is shared with <a href="/wiki/Borders_College" title="Borders College">Borders College</a>, whose students make up the majority of those who study at the site. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Marillion" title="Marillion">Marillion</a>'s 1985 song Kayleigh was inspired by an SCT student, and refers to the snow and college halls of Galashiels.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dubai">Dubai</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Dubai"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Heriot-Watt_University_Dubai" title="Heriot-Watt University Dubai">Heriot-Watt University Dubai</a></div> <p>Heriot-Watt's Dubai campus opened in 2005. It was the first British university to set up in Dubai International Academic City.<sup id="cite_ref-uaeuni_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uaeuni-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Offering a range of undergraduate and postgraduate courses similar to those found in Scotland, the campus facilitates student exchanges between Britain and the <a href="/wiki/Arab_states_of_the_Persian_Gulf" title="Arab states of the Persian Gulf">Gulf Emirates</a>. It has facilities including a library, computer laboratory, cafes and restaurants.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> An expanded campus opened in the city on 3 November 2011, allowing double the number of students to study for a Heriot-Watt degree in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-THE_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-THE-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2019, Heriot-Watt's Dubai campus was crowned 'Best University' in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> at the first ever <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a> Middle East Higher Education Awards.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The campus received a five-star rating for three consecutive years in 2019, 2020 and 2021 from the <a href="/wiki/Knowledge_and_Human_Development_Authority" title="Knowledge and Human Development Authority">Knowledge and Human Development Authority</a> (KHDA), the supreme educational quality assurance and regulatory authority of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Dubai" title="Government of Dubai">Government of Dubai</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-uaeuni_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uaeuni-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, the university relocated its Dubai campus to <a href="/wiki/Dubai_Knowledge_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubai Knowledge Park">Dubai Knowledge Park</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The new campus was officially opened by <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">King Charles III</a> on 30 November 2023, accompanied by <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>’s <a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Scotland" title="First Minister of Scotland">First Minister</a>, <a href="/wiki/Humza_Yousaf" title="Humza Yousaf">Humza Yousaf</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malaysia">Malaysia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: Malaysia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Heriot-Watt University Malaysia's purpose-built campus opened in <a href="/wiki/Putrajaya" title="Putrajaya">Putrajaya</a> in September 2014, £35 million was invested in the Malaysian campus, which is the first 'green campus' in the country. It is situated in a lakeside location of <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">4<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>&#8260;<span class="den">4</span></span> acres (1.9 hectares) offering undergraduate as well as master's degree.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Orkney">Orkney</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Orkney"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Heriot-Watt's campus in <a href="/wiki/Stromness" title="Stromness">Stromness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orkney</a>, is home to the International Centre for Island Technology (ICIT), part of the university's School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society. The Campus provides education to a small number of postgraduate students and is host to eight members of research staff.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation">Organisation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Organisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Heriot-Watt is divided into six schools and one institute that coordinate its teaching and research: </p> <ul><li>The <b>School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society</b>, incorporating geoenergy engineering and renewable energy technology, architectural engineering, civil &amp; structural engineering, construction management &amp; surveying, geography and urban studies<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <b>School of Engineering and Physical Sciences</b>, incorporating chemical engineering, chemistry, electrical, electronic and computing engineering, mechanical engineering and physics<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <b>School of Social Sciences</b> (formerly, School of Management and Languages), incorporating accountancy and finance, business management, economics and languages<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <b>School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences</b>, incorporating <a href="/wiki/Actuarial_mathematics" class="mw-redirect" title="Actuarial mathematics">actuarial mathematics and statistics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <b>School of Textiles and Design</b><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Business_School" title="Edinburgh Business School">Edinburgh Business School</a></b>, which offers postgraduate courses at MBA, MSc and DBA level<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/The_Urban_Institute" title="The Urban Institute">The Urban Institute</a></b>, a research collaboration for urban studies between Heriot-Watt University and The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">University of Edinburgh</a></li></ul> <p>From 1 August 2016, the former <b>School of Life Sciences</b> was merged with other schools, with programmes transferred to the School of Management and Languages, the School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society and the School of Engineering and Physical Sciences.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_profile">Academic profile</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: Academic profile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rankings_and_reputation">Rankings and reputation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: Rankings and reputation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings" title="College and university rankings">Rankings</a></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e0e0e0;"><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">National rankings</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#The_Complete_University_Guide" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Complete</a></i> (2025)<sup id="cite_ref-Complete_League_Table_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Complete_League_Table-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">42=</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#The_Guardian" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Guardian</a></i> (2025)<sup id="cite_ref-The_Guardian_University_Guide_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian_University_Guide-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">66</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#The_Times/The_Sunday_Times" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Times / Sunday Times</a></i> (2025)<sup id="cite_ref-The_Times_and_Sunday_Times_University_Guide_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Times_and_Sunday_Times_University_Guide-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">51</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e0e0e0;">Global rankings</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a></i> (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">801–900</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a></i> (2025)<sup id="cite_ref-QS_World_University_Rankings_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QS_World_University_Rankings-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">256=</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a></i> (2025)<sup id="cite_ref-THE_World_University_Rankings_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-THE_World_University_Rankings-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">401–500</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heriot-Watt_10_Years.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Heriot-Watt_10_Years.png/260px-Heriot-Watt_10_Years.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Heriot-Watt_10_Years.png/390px-Heriot-Watt_10_Years.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Heriot-Watt_10_Years.png/520px-Heriot-Watt_10_Years.png 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="1040" /></a><figcaption>Heriot-Watt University's <a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">national league table</a> performance over the past ten years</figcaption></figure> <p>Heriot-Watt University was named International University of the Year<sup id="cite_ref-:0_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> by <i>The Times</i> and <i>Sunday Times Good University Guide</i> 2018. Heriot-Watt is known for the strong prospects of its students, with 80% in graduate-level jobs or further study six months after leaving the institution.<sup id="cite_ref-STimes_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STimes-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, Heriot-Watt was named as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times" title="The Sunday Times">The Sunday Times</a></i> Scottish University of the Year 2011–2012, with the paper emphasising the employability of the institution's graduates.<sup id="cite_ref-STimes_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STimes-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 2012, it was again Scottish University of the Year 2012–2013 for the second year running, and also became UK University of the Year for student experience.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The same year it came 1st in Scotland and 4th in the UK in the 2012 <a href="/wiki/National_Student_Survey" title="National Student Survey">National Student Survey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-STimes_60-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STimes-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Times Higher Education</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">&#39;</span>s 'Table of Tables' is the combined results of the three main UK university league tables – the <i>Good University Guide</i> (published by <i>The Times</i> and <i>The Sunday Times</i>), <i>The Guardian</i> and <i>The Complete University Guide</i>. In the Table of Tables 2015, Heriot-Watt was placed 27th in the UK and 3rd in Scotland. It is ranked 28th in the UK by <i>The Complete University Guide 2018</i> and 26th in the UK by <i>The Guardian</i> University League Table 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-Complete_League_Table_2018_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Complete_League_Table_2018-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In a 2015 detail report on UK universities, <a href="/wiki/Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham</a> academic Vikki Boliver placed Oxford and Cambridge in the first tier, and included Heriot-Watt in the second tier made of the remaining 22 <a href="/wiki/Russell_Group_universities" class="mw-redirect" title="Russell Group universities">Russell Group universities</a> and 17 other "pre-92" universities.<sup id="cite_ref-tandfonline.com_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tandfonline.com-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-timeshighereducation.com_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timeshighereducation.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, Heriot-Watt was ranked at 314 by <i><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS World University Rankings</a></i> and at 251–300 by <i><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">Times Higher Education World University Rankings</a></i> in the world. It was ranked 243rd in the world for engineering and technology by QS Rankings in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It was ranked 143rd in the world for technical sciences in 2018 by <a href="/wiki/Round_University_Ranking" title="Round University Ranking">Round University Ranking</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, <i><a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a></i> ranked Heriot-Watt the 3rd best UK university to study economics.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It was ranked among 201-250 globally for Business and Economics by Times in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 2018, <i><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a></i> ranked Heriot-Watt globally among 51–75 for Telecom Engineering and 101–150 for Civil Engineering, Mathematics and Oceanography.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nationally, the university is ranked highly for <a href="/wiki/Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">Planning</a> and Building education. In 2019, the university was ranked 4th in UK and 1st in Scotland for Town &amp; Country Planning and Landscape Design by <i>The Complete University Guide</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk1_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk1-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It was also ranked 9th in UK and 1st in Scotland for Building and Town &amp; Country Planning by <i>The Guardian</i> in the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In the 2019 <i>The Complete University Guide</i> national subject rankings Heriot-Watt had the following rankings: 2nd (of 34) – Building education,<sup id="cite_ref-thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 17th (of 104) – Accounting and Finance, 15th (of 81) – Art and Design, 14th (of 30) – Chemical Engineering,<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 23rd (of 60) – Chemistry,<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1 (of 56) – Civil Engineering,<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 25th (of 110) – Computer Science,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 22nd (of 77) – Economics,<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 23rd (of 68) – Electrical Engineering,<sup id="cite_ref-thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk1_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk1-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 15th (of 72) – Mathematics,<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 14th (of 69) – Mechanical Engineering,<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and 25th (of 48) – Physics and Astronomy.<sup id="cite_ref-thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk1_68-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk1-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The university has been constantly ranked among the top 10 universities in UK for Building education since 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Admissions">Admissions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section: Admissions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of February 2017, approximately 13,700 students are enrolled at one of Heriot-Watt's campuses: 66.6% in Scotland, 24.2% in Dubai and 9.2% in Malaysia. In the Scotland campus, the university has a female:male ratio of 41:59.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Masters_in_Strategic_Project_Management">Masters in Strategic Project Management</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Edit section: Masters in Strategic Project Management"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the framework of the European Education system and as part of the <a href="/wiki/Erasmus_Mundus" title="Erasmus Mundus">Erasmus Mundus</a> program Heriot-Watt University offers a Masters in Strategic Project Management jointly with <a href="/wiki/Politecnico_di_Milano" class="mw-redirect" title="Politecnico di Milano">Politecnico di Milano</a> (<a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Ume%C3%A5_University" title="Umeå University">Umeå University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Students in the program study at all three institutions over two years and at the conclusion receive degrees issued by all three. The program ranks number 11 in the <a href="/wiki/Eduniversal" title="Eduniversal">Eduniversal</a> Bests Masters Ranking and number 25 in the <a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS World University Rankings</a> worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_life">Student life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Edit section: Student life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student_Union">Student Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Edit section: Student Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Student Union at Heriot-Watt is a student-led organisation headed by individuals elected from the student population. The association has represented students both locally and nationally since its foundation in 1966,<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and is a member of both the Edinburgh Students' Forum and the National Union of Students (NUS).<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It is also responsible for running the university's Student Union, which runs events for students and supports student societies. Over 50 societies currently exist, including the Brewing Society which organises an annual charity <a href="/wiki/Beer_festival" title="Beer festival">beer festival</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In addition, the Student Union runs many services at the Edinburgh and Scottish Borders campuses including catering facilities, a nightclub, an advice centre and a student shop.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The Student Union also works closely with the Heriot-Watt University Dubai Student Council<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and the Heriot-Watt University Malaysia Student Association.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 2018 the Student Union won the University Student Union of the Year and also Officer Team of the Year at the NUS Scotland Awards 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports_Union">Sports Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Edit section: Sports Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Sports Union is responsible for the university's 30 sports clubs.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and runs annual social events for students involved in sport. As with the Students' Association, the organisation is headed by elected Heriot-Watt students.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_alumni">Notable alumni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Edit section: Notable alumni"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Heriot-Watt_University" title="Category:Alumni of Heriot-Watt University">Category:Alumni of Heriot-Watt University</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts">Arts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Edit section: Arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Irvine_Welsh_2004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Irvine_Welsh_2004.jpg/150px-Irvine_Welsh_2004.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Irvine_Welsh_2004.jpg/225px-Irvine_Welsh_2004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Irvine_Welsh_2004.jpg/300px-Irvine_Welsh_2004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Irvine_Welsh" title="Irvine Welsh">Irvine Welsh</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_S._Clerk" title="Theodore S. Clerk">Theodore S. Clerk</a>, (1909–1965), city planner, first Ghanaian architect and developer of the port city of <a href="/wiki/Tema" title="Tema">Tema</a></li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/James_Dunbar-Nasmith" title="James Dunbar-Nasmith">James Dunbar-Nasmith</a> (born 1927), conservation architect and head of ECA's Department of Architecture 1978–1988</li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Grimshaw" title="Nicholas Grimshaw">Nicholas Grimshaw</a> (born 1939), architect of the <a href="/wiki/Eden_Project" title="Eden Project">Eden Project</a>, president of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Academy">Royal Academy</a> since 2004</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Kininmonth_(architect)" title="William Kininmonth (architect)">Sir William Kininmonth</a> (1904–1988), architect of Adam House and <a href="/wiki/Pollock_Halls" class="mw-redirect" title="Pollock Halls">Pollock Halls</a>, both in Edinburgh</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kygo" title="Kygo">Kygo</a>, Norwegian DJ and record producer (did not graduate)<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Robert_Matthew" title="Robert Matthew">Robert Matthew</a> (1906–1975), designed the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Commonwealth_Pool" title="Royal Commonwealth Pool">Royal Commonwealth Pool</a> and founded <a href="/wiki/RMJM" title="RMJM">RMJM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McAslan" title="John McAslan">John McAslan</a>, architect</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taqi_Nazeer" title="Taqi Nazeer">Taqi Nazeer</a>, Scottish born actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Notman" title="John Notman">John Notman</a> (1810–1865), architect and landscape architect</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Nuttgens" title="Patrick Nuttgens">Patrick Nuttgens</a> (1930–2004), academic and writer on architecture</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nivetha_Pethuraj" title="Nivetha Pethuraj">Nivetha Pethuraj</a>, Indian actress<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Dame <a href="/wiki/Muriel_Spark" title="Muriel Spark">Muriel Spark</a>, British writer (took a course in <a href="/wiki/Commercial_correspondence" class="mw-redirect" title="Commercial correspondence">commercial correspondence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Critical_pr%C3%A9cis" title="Critical précis">précis</a> writing at Heriot-Watt College)</li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Basil_Spence" title="Basil Spence">Basil Spence</a> (1907–1976), architect of <a href="/wiki/Coventry_Cathedral" title="Coventry Cathedral">Coventry Cathedral</a> and the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliament_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="New Zealand Parliament Building">New Zealand Parliament Building</a> (nicknamed 'The Beehive') in Wellington, New Zealand</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Stuart_(writer)" title="Douglas Stuart (writer)">Douglas Stuart</a>, British writer, fashion designer, winner of <a href="/wiki/2020_Booker_Prize" title="2020 Booker Prize">2020 Booker Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thomson_(photographer)" title="John Thomson (photographer)">John Thomson</a>, pioneering photographer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deepak_Tripathi" title="Deepak Tripathi">Deepak Tripathi</a>, historian and former journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irvine_Welsh" title="Irvine Welsh">Irvine Welsh</a>, British writer of the novel <i><a href="/wiki/Trainspotting_(novel)" title="Trainspotting (novel)">Trainspotting</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Wise" title="Greg Wise">Greg Wise</a>, British actor and producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanne_Yeoh" title="Joanne Yeoh">Joanne Yeoh</a>, Malaysian violinist and music lecturer at <a href="/wiki/Universiti_Putra_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Universiti Putra Malaysia">Universiti Putra Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Younge" title="Gary Younge">Gary Younge</a>, writer and journalist</li> <li><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BA%90%E8%8F%B2%E7%84%B6" class="extiw" title="zh:源菲然">Casa Yuen</a>, South Africa-born Hong Kong <a href="/wiki/TVB" title="TVB">TVB</a> actress</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academia_and_science">Academia and science</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="Edit section: Academia and science"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Hall_Nasmyth_by_George_Bernard_O%27Neill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/James_Hall_Nasmyth_by_George_Bernard_O%27Neill.jpg/150px-James_Hall_Nasmyth_by_George_Bernard_O%27Neill.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/James_Hall_Nasmyth_by_George_Bernard_O%27Neill.jpg/225px-James_Hall_Nasmyth_by_George_Bernard_O%27Neill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/James_Hall_Nasmyth_by_George_Bernard_O%27Neill.jpg/300px-James_Hall_Nasmyth_by_George_Bernard_O%27Neill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2890" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/James_Nasmyth" title="James Nasmyth">James Nasmyth</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AA_H%E1%BA%A3i_An" class="extiw" title="vi:Lê Hải An">Le Hai An</a> (1971–2019), Deputy Minister of Education and Training of Vietnam and rector of <a href="/wiki/Hanoi_University_of_Mining_and_Geology" title="Hanoi University of Mining and Geology">Hanoi University of Mining and Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Baikie" title="Iain Baikie">Iain Baikie</a>, physicist, winner of <a href="/wiki/Swan_Medal_and_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Swan Medal and Prize">Swan Medal and Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_Miller" title="Christina Miller">Christina Miller</a>, chemist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_A._B._Miller" title="David A. B. Miller">David A. B. Miller</a>, applied physicist; winner of <a href="/wiki/R._W._Wood_Prize" title="R. W. Wood Prize">R. W. Wood Prize</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Lomb_Medal" title="Adolph Lomb Medal">Adolph Lomb Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Nasmyth" title="James Nasmyth">James Nasmyth</a>, inventor of the <a href="/wiki/Steam_hammer" title="Steam hammer">steam hammer</a><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 93">&#58;&#8202;93&#8202;</span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Roxburgh" title="Evelyn Roxburgh">Evelyn Roxburgh</a> (1896–1973), electrical engineer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Tabrizi" title="Sarah Tabrizi">Sarah Tabrizi</a>, neurologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Whitty" title="Chris Whitty">Chris Whitty</a>, physician; Chief Medical Advisor to the UK Government</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Business">Business</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="Edit section: Business"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adam_Crozier_at_Nations_%26_Regions_Media_Conference.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Adam_Crozier_at_Nations_%26_Regions_Media_Conference.jpg/150px-Adam_Crozier_at_Nations_%26_Regions_Media_Conference.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Adam_Crozier_at_Nations_%26_Regions_Media_Conference.jpg/225px-Adam_Crozier_at_Nations_%26_Regions_Media_Conference.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Adam_Crozier_at_Nations_%26_Regions_Media_Conference.jpg/300px-Adam_Crozier_at_Nations_%26_Regions_Media_Conference.jpg 2x" data-file-width="698" data-file-height="882" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Adam_Crozier" title="Adam Crozier">Adam Crozier</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Buchan" title="Robert Buchan">Robert Buchan</a>, British/Canadian businessman, founder of <a href="/wiki/Kinross_Gold_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinross Gold Corporation">Kinross Gold Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Crozier" title="Adam Crozier">Adam Crozier</a>, British businessman, chief executive and television executives; Chief Executive of <a href="/wiki/ITV_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="ITV Network">ITV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Jenkins_(banker)" title="Roger Jenkins (banker)">Roger Jenkins</a>, British financier, former Chief Executive of Barclays Private Equity, Principal Investments and Structured Capital Markets</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Keiller" title="Bob Keiller">Bob Keiller</a>, British businessman, Chief Executive of <a href="/wiki/Wood_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Wood Group">Wood Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lombardi_(entrepreneur)" title="Michael Lombardi (entrepreneur)">Michael Lombardi</a>, Canadian businessman, founder of <a href="/wiki/Lombardi_Media_Corporation" title="Lombardi Media Corporation">Lombardi Media Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Ritchie_(entrepreneur)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ian Ritchie (entrepreneur)">Ian Ritchie</a>, British businessman, founder of <a href="/wiki/Office_Workstations_Limited" title="Office Workstations Limited">OWL</a>, missed <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">WWW</a> opportunity of <a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Tulloch" title="Maurice Tulloch">Maurice Tulloch</a> (born 1969), British/Canadian businessman, CEO of <a href="/wiki/Aviva" title="Aviva">Aviva</a><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_Valebrokk" title="Per Valebrokk">Per Valebrokk</a>, Norwegian editor and business man, partner of Storm Communications</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nathif_Jama_Adam" title="Nathif Jama Adam">Nathif Jama Adam</a>, Somali banker and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Boyack" title="Sarah Boyack">Sarah Boyack</a>, former MSP and Minister for Transport of Scotland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liam_Burns_(NUS_president)" title="Liam Burns (NUS president)">Liam Burns</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Students_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Union of Students (United Kingdom)">NUS UK</a> president 2011–2013</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingvald_Godal" title="Ingvald Godal">Ingvald Godal</a>, former member of the Norwegian Parliament and former chairman of the Norwegian Support Committee for Chechnya</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Grant" title="Bernie Grant">Bernie Grant</a>, British Labour Party politician, the Member of Parliament for Tottenham from 1987 to 2000; Britain's first Afro-Caribbean MP (did not graduate)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiona_Hyslop" title="Fiona Hyslop">Fiona Hyslop</a> MSP, Cabinet Secretary for Culture and External Affairs in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Government" title="Scottish Government">Scottish Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Ali_Khaire" title="Hassan Ali Khaire">Hassan Ali Khaire</a>, Somali politician, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Somalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Somalia">Prime Minister of Somalia</a><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archy_Kirkwood" title="Archy Kirkwood">Archy Kirkwood</a>, Baron Kirkwood of Kirkhope, former <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrat</a> MP</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_MacGregor" title="Mark MacGregor">Mark MacGregor</a>, Conservative Party politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillian_Mackay" title="Gillian Mackay">Gillian Mackay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Greens" title="Scottish Greens">Green Party</a> MSP for <a href="/wiki/Central_Scotland_(Scottish_Parliament_electoral_region)" title="Central Scotland (Scottish Parliament electoral region)">Central Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_McLeish" title="Henry McLeish">Henry McLeish</a>, former <a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Scotland" title="First Minister of Scotland">First Minister of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Monteith" title="Brian Monteith">Brian Monteith</a>, former Conservative MSP</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henning_Skumsvoll" title="Henning Skumsvoll">Henning Skumsvoll</a>, member of the Norwegian Parliament</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teo_Ho_Pin" title="Teo Ho Pin">Teo Ho Pin</a>, former member of the Singapore Parliament</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiona_Watson" title="Fiona Watson">Fiona Watson</a>, political affairs officer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Watson" title="Graham Watson">Graham Watson</a>, former MEP; Leader of the European Parliament's Liberal Group 2002–2009 and president of the EU's Liberal Democratic Party 2011-15</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Watson,_Baron_Watson_of_Invergowrie" title="Mike Watson, Baron Watson of Invergowrie">Lord Mike Watson, Baron Watson of Invergowrie</a>, former MP and MSP</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jock_Clear" title="Jock Clear">Jock Clear</a>, Formula One engineer<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Crosbie" title="Luke Crosbie">Luke Crosbie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scotland_national_rugby_union_team" title="Scotland national rugby union team">Scotland national rugby union team</a> player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Jones_(rugby_union)" title="Lee Jones (rugby union)">Lee Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scotland_national_rugby_union_team" title="Scotland national rugby union team">Scotland national rugby union team</a> player<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Robertson" title="Shirley Robertson">Shirley Robertson</a>, TV presenter and double Olympic gold medallist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Ross_(footballer_born_1976)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Ross (footballer born 1976)">Jack Ross</a>, British professional footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Shedden" title="Gordon Shedden">Gordon Shedden</a>, British <a href="/wiki/Auto_racing" title="Auto racing">auto racing</a> driver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirsty_Smith" title="Kirsty Smith">Kirsty Smith</a>, Scottish soccer player for the <a href="/wiki/Scotland_women%27s_national_football_team" title="Scotland women&#39;s national football team">Scotland women's national football team</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Ham_United_F.C._Women" title="West Ham United F.C. Women">West Ham United F.C. Women</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_staff">Notable staff</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=27" title="Edit section: Notable staff"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hudson_Beare" title="Thomas Hudson Beare">Thomas Hudson Beare</a>, FRSE, RSSA, chair of mechanics and engineering, 1887–1889</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Murray_Burnett" title="George Murray Burnett">George Murray Burnett</a>, FRSE (1921–1980), served as principal, 1974–1980<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_John_Herbertson" title="Andrew John Herbertson">Andrew John Herbertson</a>, lecturer in industrial and commercial geography, 1896–1899<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Palmer_(scientist)" title="Geoff Palmer (scientist)">Sir Geoff Palmer</a>, OBE, grain scientist and human rights advocate, 1977–2005</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Principals">Principals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=28" title="Edit section: Principals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Francis_Grant_Ogilvie" title="Francis Grant Ogilvie">Francis Grant Ogilvie</a>, CB, FRSE, 1886–1900</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Pillans_Laurie" title="Arthur Pillans Laurie">Arthur Pillans Laurie</a>, FRSE, 1900–1928</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron_Smail" title="James Cameron Smail">James Cameron Smail</a>, OBE, FRSE, 1928–1950</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Bryan_Nisbet" title="Hugh Bryan Nisbet">Hugh Bryan Nisbet</a>, CBE, FRSE, 1950–1967</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Allan_Smith" title="Robert Allan Smith">Robert Allan Smith</a>, CBE, FRS, PRSE, 1968–1974</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Murray_Burnett" title="George Murray Burnett">George Murray Burnett</a>, FRSE, 1974–1980</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_L._Johnston" title="Thomas L. Johnston">Thomas Lothian Johnston</a>, PRSE, 1981–1988</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alistair_MacFarlane" title="Alistair MacFarlane">Sir Alistair George James MacFarlane</a>, CBE, FRS, FRSE, 1989–1996</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Archer" title="John Stuart Archer">John Stuart Archer</a>, CBE, FRSE, 1997–2006</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Muscatelli" title="Anton Muscatelli">Sir Vito Antonio Muscatelli</a>, CBE, FRSE, 2007–2009</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Chapman_(chemist)" title="Steve Chapman (chemist)">Steven Kenneth Chapman</a>, CBE, FRSE, 2009–2015</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Williams_(academic)" title="Richard Williams (academic)">Richard Andrew Williams</a>, OBE, FRSE, 2015–present</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=29" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/48px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/64px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Scotland" title="Portal:Scotland">Scotland portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_UK_universities" class="mw-redirect" title="Armorial of UK universities">Armorial of UK universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Business_School" title="Edinburgh Business School">Edinburgh Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heriot-Watt_University_F.C." title="Heriot-Watt University F.C.">Heriot-Watt University F.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_universities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UK universities">List of UK universities</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=30" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">That article says its roots were in 1760.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriot-Watt_University&amp;action=edit&amp;section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-annacc-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-annacc_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-annacc_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-annacc_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Most+Russell+Group+universities+%27little+different+to+other+pre-92s%27+%26%23124%3B+Times+Higher+Education+%28THE%29&amp;rft.pub=Times+Higher+Education&amp;rft.date=2015-11-18&amp;rft.aulast=Havergal&amp;rft.aufirst=Chris&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.com%2Fnews%2Fmost-russell-group-universities-little-better-than-other-pre-92s&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EPJ-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EPJ_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EPJ_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EPJ_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EPJ_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJameson1824" class="citation cs2">Jameson, R (1824), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qzowAAAAYAAJ&amp;q=%22school+of+arts+of+edinburgh%22&amp;pg=PA203">"Some Account of the School of Arts of Edinburgh."</a>, <i>The Edinburgh Philosophical Journal</i>, <b>11</b>: 203–205</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Edinburgh+Philosophical+Journal&amp;rft.atitle=Some+Account+of+the+School+of+Arts+of+Edinburgh.&amp;rft.volume=11&amp;rft.pages=203-205&amp;rft.date=1824&amp;rft.aulast=Jameson&amp;rft.aufirst=R&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqzowAAAAYAAJ%26q%3D%2522school%2Bof%2Barts%2Bof%2Bedinburgh%2522%26pg%3DPA203&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heriot-Watt_University:_An_Illustrated_History_10-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Farrell, P. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+Academic+Registry%3A+Prizes+and+Awards.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fstudents%2Fstudies%2Fstudent-record.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nahste_two-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nahste_two_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nahste_two_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nahste_two_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nahste_two_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nahste_two_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020906072325/http://www.nahste.ac.uk/cgi-bin/view_isad.pl?id=GB-0582-HWC&amp;view=basic">"Records of Heriot-Watt College"</a>. NAHSTE. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nahste.ac.uk/cgi-bin/view_isad.pl?id=GB-0582-HWC&amp;view=basic">the original</a> on 6 September 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+University%3A+Official+Opening+of+Heriot-Watt+University+Malaysia.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fabout%2Fnews%2Farchive%2Fofficial-opening-heriot-watt-university-malaysia.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRIAS" class="citation web cs1">RIAS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rias.org.uk/directory/practices/hypostyle-architects-edinburgh/post-graduate-centre-heriot-watt-university/">"Post Graduate Centre, Heriot-Watt University&#160;: RIAS"</a>. <i>www.rias.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.rias.org.uk&amp;rft.atitle=Post+Graduate+Centre%2C+Heriot-Watt+University+%3A+RIAS&amp;rft.au=RIAS&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rias.org.uk%2Fdirectory%2Fpractices%2Fhypostyle-architects-edinburgh%2Fpost-graduate-centre-heriot-watt-university%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-architectsjournal.co.uk-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-architectsjournal.co.uk_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-architectsjournal.co.uk_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/competitions/heriot-watt-university-seeks-architect-for-19m-innovation-centre/10014815.article">"Heriot-Watt University seeks architect for £19m innovation centre"</a>. 15 November 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+University+seeks+architect+for+%C2%A319m+innovation+centre&amp;rft.date=2016-11-15&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.architectsjournal.co.uk%2Fcompetitions%2Fheriot-watt-university-seeks-architect-for-19m-innovation-centre%2F10014815.article&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenational.scot/business/14866353.__1_7m_new_centre_at_Heriot_Watt_University_will_let_biotechnology_firms_scale_up_in_Scotland/">"£1.7m new centre at Heriot-Watt University will let biotechnology firms scale up in Scotland"</a>. <i>The National</i>. 28 May 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+National&amp;rft.atitle=%C2%A31.7m+new+centre+at+Heriot-Watt+University+will+let+biotechnology+firms+scale+up+in+Scotland&amp;rft.date=2016-05-28&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenational.scot%2Fbusiness%2F14866353.&#95;_1_7m_new_centre_at_Heriot_Watt_University_will_let_biotechnology_firms_scale_up_in_Scotland%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/15226430.Wait_years_for_a_film_studio____then_two_come_along_at_once/">"Wait years for a film studio… then two come along at once"</a>. <i>HeraldScotland</i>. 15 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=HeraldScotland&amp;rft.atitle=Wait+years+for+a+film+studio%E2%80%A6+then+two+come+along+at+once&amp;rft.date=2017-04-15&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heraldscotland.com%2Fnews%2F15226430.Wait_years_for_a_film_studio&#95;_&#95;_then_two_come_along_at_once%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+Student+Union%3ASBC+Homepage.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hwunion.com%2Fcontent.asp%3Fsection%3D96&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/education/2009/may/10/universityguide-heriot-watt-uni">"University guide 2013: Heriot-Watt University"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 10 May 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Accommodation+at+Scottish+Borders+Campus&amp;rft.pub=Heriot-Watt+University&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fuk%2Fborders%2Faccommodation.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190713174904/https://www.thesouthernreporter.co.uk/news/rock-star-fish-humbled-by-lyrics-carved-into-new-gala-stonework-1-2418978">"Rock star 'humbled' by lyrics carved into new Gala stonework"</a>. <i>The Southern Reporter</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thesouthernreporter.co.uk/news/rock-star-fish-humbled-by-lyrics-carved-into-new-gala-stonework-1-2418978">the original</a> on 13 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Southern+Reporter&amp;rft.atitle=Rock+star+%27humbled%27+by+lyrics+carved+into+new+Gala+stonework&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesouthernreporter.co.uk%2Fnews%2Frock-star-fish-humbled-by-lyrics-carved-into-new-gala-stonework-1-2418978&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120104002018/http://www.hw.ac.uk/student-life/campus-life/dubai/facilities.htm">"Heriot-Watt University: Facilities at Dubai Campus"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hw.ac.uk/dubai/facilities.htm">the original</a> on 4 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+University%3A+Facilities+at+Dubai+Campus.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fdubai%2Ffacilities.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-THE-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-THE_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=418046">"Scottish internationalism: Salmond welcomes Heriot-Watt's Dubai campus"</a>. Times Higher Education. 4 November 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Scottish+internationalism%3A+Salmond+welcomes+Heriot-Watt%27s+Dubai+campus&amp;rft.pub=Times+Higher+Education&amp;rft.date=2011-11-04&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.co.uk%2Fstory.asp%3Fstorycode%3D418046&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hw.ac.uk/news/articles/2019/heriot-watt-s-dubai-campus-named-best-in.htm">"Heriot-Watt University: Heriot-Watt's Dubai campus named best in Middle East"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+University%3A+Heriot-Watt%27s+Dubai+campus+named+best+in+Middle+East&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2019%2Fheriot-watt-s-dubai-campus-named-best-in.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gulfnews.com/uae/education/high-praise-for-uae-universities-through-khda-rankings-1.1658995962563">"High praise for UAE universities through KHDA rankings"</a>. Gulf News. 28 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=High+praise+for+UAE+universities+through+KHDA+rankings&amp;rft.pub=Gulf+News&amp;rft.date=2022-07-28&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgulfnews.com%2Fuae%2Feducation%2Fhigh-praise-for-uae-universities-through-khda-rankings-1.1658995962563&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hw.ac.uk/dubai/campus/new-campus.htm">"Heriot-Watt University: Dubai New Campus"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+University%3A+Dubai+New+Campus&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fdubai%2Fcampus%2Fnew-campus.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hw.ac.uk/news/articles/2023/king-charles-iii-opens-heriot-watt.htm">"Heriot-Watt University: King Charles III officially opens Heriot-Watt University's campus in Dubai"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+University%3A+King+Charles+III+officially+opens+Heriot-Watt+University%27s+campus+in+Dubai&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2023%2Fking-charles-iii-opens-heriot-watt.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805225551/https://www.hw.ac.uk/malaysia/about/location.htm">"Location"</a>. Heriot-Watt. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hw.ac.uk/malaysia/about/location.htm">the original</a> on 5 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Location&amp;rft.pub=Heriot-Watt&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fmalaysia%2Fabout%2Flocation.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190102051054/https://search.hw.ac.uk/s/search.html?collection=courses">"Courses"</a>. ICIT. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.hw.ac.uk/s/search.html?collection=courses&amp;query=orkney">the original</a> on 2 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Courses.&amp;rft.pub=ICIT&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.hw.ac.uk%2Fs%2Fsearch.html%3Fcollection%3Dcourses%26query%3Dorkney&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200807173750/https://www.hw.ac.uk/uk/schools/energy-geoscience-infrastructure-society/research/icit/staff-profiles.htm">"Staff"</a>. ICIT. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hw.ac.uk/schools/energy-geoscience-infrastructure-society/research/icit/staff-profiles.htm">the original</a> on 7 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Staff&amp;rft.pub=ICIT&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fschools%2Fenergy-geoscience-infrastructure-society%2Fresearch%2Ficit%2Fstaff-profiles.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hw.ac.uk/schools/energy-geoscience-infrastructure-society.htm">"School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=School+of+Energy%2C+Geoscience%2C+Infrastructure+and+Society&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fschools%2Fenergy-geoscience-infrastructure-society.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hw.ac.uk/schools/engineering-physical-sciences.htm">"Heriot-Watt University: School of Engineering and Physical Sciences"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+University%3A+School+of+Engineering+and+Physical+Sciences.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fschools%2Fengineering-physical-sciences.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hw.ac.uk/schools/social-sciences.htm">"Heriot-Watt University: School of Management and Languages"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+University%3A+School+of+Management+and+Languages.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fschools%2Fsocial-sciences.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hw.ac.uk/schools/mathematical-computer-sciences.htm">"Heriot-Watt University: School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+University%3A+School+of+Mathematical+and+Computer+Sciences.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fschools%2Fmathematical-computer-sciences.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210815054617/https://www.tex.hw.ac.uk/">"Heriot-Watt University: School of Textiles and Design"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tex.hw.ac.uk/">the original</a> on 15 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+University%3A+School+of+Textiles+and+Design.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tex.hw.ac.uk%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ebsglobal.net/">"Edinburgh Business School"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Edinburgh+Business+School.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ebsglobal.net%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hw.ac.uk/schools.htm">"Heriot-Watt University: School of Life Sciences"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Heriot-Watt+University%3A+School+of+Life+Sciences.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hw.ac.uk%2Fschools.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Complete_League_Table-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Complete_League_Table_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk/league-tables/rankings">"Complete University Guide 2025"</a>. 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href="https://www.thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk/league-tables/rankings?s=Chemical%20Engineering">"Chemical Engineering – Top UK University Subject Tables and Rankings 2019"</a>. <i>www.thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk&amp;rft.atitle=Chemical+Engineering+%E2%80%93+Top+UK+University+Subject+Tables+and+Rankings+2019&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk%2Fleague-tables%2Frankings%3Fs%3DChemical%2520Engineering&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeriot-Watt+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Dubai">Heriot-Watt University Dubai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriam" title="Oriam">Oriam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#a5acaf;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Chancellor:</b> <a href="/wiki/Robert_M_Buchan" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert M Buchan">Robert M Buchan</a></li> <li><b>Principal:</b> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Williams_(academic)" title="Richard Williams (academic)">Richard Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Horner" title="Leonard Horner">Leonard Horner</a> (founder)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#a5acaf;;width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heriot-Watt_University_F.C." title="Heriot-Watt University F.C.">Heriot-Watt University F.C.</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Journal_(student_newspaper)" title="The Journal (student newspaper)">The Journal (student newspaper)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Watt_Club" title="The Watt Club">The Watt Club</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_in_Scotland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#07c;color:#FFFFFF;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_in_Scotland" title="Template:Universities in Scotland"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universities_in_Scotland" title="Template talk:Universities in Scotland"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universities_in_Scotland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universities in Scotland"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_in_Scotland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Universities_in_Scotland" title="Universities in Scotland"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFFFFF; text-decoration: inherit;">Universities in Scotland</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#07c;color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_universities_in_Scotland" title="History of universities in Scotland"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFFFFF; text-decoration: inherit;">History</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Medieval_Scotland" title="Education in Medieval Scotland">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_early_modern_Scotland" title="Education in early modern Scotland">Early modern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_education_in_the_eighteenth_century" title="Scottish education in the eighteenth century">Eighteenth century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_education_in_the_nineteenth_century" title="Scottish education in the nineteenth century">Nineteenth century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Scotland_in_the_twentieth_century" title="Education in Scotland in the twentieth century">Twentieth century</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_College_Quad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="University of Edinburgh, Old College Quad"><img alt="University of Edinburgh, Old College Quad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Old_College_Quad.jpg/200px-Old_College_Quad.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Old_College_Quad.jpg/300px-Old_College_Quad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Old_College_Quad.jpg/400px-Old_College_Quad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#07c;color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_universities_of_Scotland" title="Ancient universities of Scotland"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFFFFF; text-decoration: inherit;">Ancient (pre-1600)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">University of St Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Glasgow" title="University of Glasgow">University of Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Aberdeen" title="University of Aberdeen">University of Aberdeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">University of Edinburgh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#07c;color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Red_brick_university" title="Red brick university"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFFFFF; text-decoration: inherit;">Red brick (pre-1890)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#07c;color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plate_glass_university" title="Plate glass university"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFFFFF; text-decoration: inherit;">Plate-glass (1960s)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Heriot-Watt University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Stirling" title="University of Stirling">University of Stirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strathclyde" title="University of Strathclyde">University of Strathclyde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#07c;color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_universities" class="mw-redirect" title="New universities"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFFFFF; text-decoration: inherit;">Modern (1992 on)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gordon_University" title="Robert Gordon University">Robert Gordon University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Caledonian_University" title="Glasgow Caledonian University">Glasgow Caledonian University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Napier_University" title="Edinburgh Napier University">Edinburgh Napier University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abertay_University" title="Abertay University">Abertay University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_of_Scotland" title="University of the West of Scotland">University of the West of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Margaret_University" title="Queen Margaret University">Queen Margaret University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Highlands_and_Islands" title="University of the Highlands and Islands">University of the Highlands and Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#07c;color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Distance learning</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Open_University" class="mw-redirect" title="The Open University">The Open University in Scotland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#07c;color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Other institutions<br />of higher education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_School_of_Art" title="Glasgow School of Art">Glasgow School of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Conservatoire_of_Scotland" title="Royal Conservatoire of Scotland">Royal Conservatoire of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland%27s_Rural_College" title="Scotland&#39;s Rural College">Scotland's Rural College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#07c;color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Related bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Funding_Council" title="Scottish Funding Council">Scottish Funding Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_Awards_Agency_for_Scotland" title="Student Awards Agency for Scotland">Student Awards Agency for Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universities_Scotland" title="Universities Scotland">Universities Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universities_UK" title="Universities UK">Universities UK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#07c;color:#FFFFFF;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Universities_in_Scotland" title="Category:Universities in Scotland"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Category</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Universities in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Universities in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universities in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Universities in the United Kingdom">Universities in the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_England" title="List of universities in England">England</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East of England</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglia_Ruskin_University" title="Anglia Ruskin University">Anglia Ruskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bedfordshire" title="University of Bedfordshire">Bedfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranfield_University" title="Cranfield University">Cranfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_East_Anglia" title="University of East Anglia">East Anglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Essex" title="University of Essex">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hertfordshire" title="University of Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwich_University_of_the_Arts" title="Norwich University of the Arts">Norwich University of the Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Suffolk" title="University of Suffolk">Suffolk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_higher_education_colleges_in_London" title="List of universities and higher education colleges in London">London</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University <br /> of London</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Birkbeck, University of London">Birkbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunel_University_of_London" title="Brunel University of London">Brunel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_St_George%27s,_University_of_London" title="City St George&#39;s, University of London">City St George's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Institute_of_Art" title="Courtauld Institute of Art">Courtauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldsmiths,_University_of_London" title="Goldsmiths, University of London">Goldsmiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Cancer_Research" title="Institute of Cancer Research">Institute of Cancer Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King&#39;s College London">King's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Business_School" title="London Business School">London Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">LSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Hygiene_%26_Tropical_Medicine" title="London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine">LSHTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Queen Mary University of London">Queen Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Central_School_of_Speech_and_Drama" title="Royal Central School of Speech and Drama">Royal Central School of Speech and Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Holloway,_University_of_London" title="Royal Holloway, University of London">Royal Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Veterinary_College" title="Royal Veterinary College">Royal Veterinary College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_Study" title="School of Advanced Study">School of Advanced Study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAS_University_of_London" title="SOAS University of London">SOAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">UCL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_East_London" title="University of East London">East London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Greenwich" title="University of Greenwich">Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston_University" title="Kingston University">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Metropolitan_University" title="London Metropolitan University">London Met</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_South_Bank_University" title="London South Bank University">London South Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_University" title="Middlesex University">Middlesex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_University_%E2%80%93_London" title="Northeastern University – London">Northeastern University – London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravensbourne_University_London" title="Ravensbourne University London">Ravensbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_University_London" title="Regent&#39;s University London">Regent's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_The_American_International_University_in_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Richmond, The American International University in London">Richmond, The American International University in London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art" title="Royal College of Art">Royal College of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Music" title="Royal College of Music">Royal College of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Roehampton" title="University of Roehampton">Roehampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_University,_Twickenham" title="St Mary&#39;s University, Twickenham">St Mary's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Arts_London" title="University of the Arts London">University of the Arts London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Westminster" title="University of Westminster">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_West_London" title="University of West London">West London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Midlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aston_University" title="Aston University">Aston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Birmingham" title="University of Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_City_University" title="Birmingham City University">Birmingham City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Grosseteste_University" title="Bishop Grosseteste University">Bishop Grosseteste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry_University" title="Coventry University">Coventry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Montfort_University" title="De Montfort University">De Montfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Derby" title="University of Derby">Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harper_Adams_University" title="Harper Adams University">Harper Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keele_University" title="Keele University">Keele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leicester" title="University of Leicester">Leicester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lincoln" title="University of Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loughborough_University" title="Loughborough University">Loughborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newman_University,_Birmingham" class="mw-redirect" title="Newman University, Birmingham">Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Northampton" title="University of Northampton">Northampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Nottingham" title="University of Nottingham">Nottingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottingham_Trent_University" title="Nottingham Trent University">Nottingham Trent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffordshire_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Staffordshire University">Staffordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_Birmingham" title="University College Birmingham">University College Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wolverhampton" title="University of Wolverhampton">Wolverhampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Worcester" title="University of Worcester">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bolton" title="University of Bolton">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bradford" title="University of Bradford">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Central_Lancashire" title="University of Central Lancashire">Central Lancashire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chester" title="University of Chester">Chester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cumbria" title="University of Cumbria">Cumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edge_Hill_University" title="Edge Hill University">Edge Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Huddersfield" title="University of Huddersfield">Huddersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hull" title="University of Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster University">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Arts_University" title="Leeds Arts University">Leeds Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Beckett_University" title="Leeds Beckett University">Leeds Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Trinity_University" title="Leeds Trinity University">Leeds Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Hope_University" title="Liverpool Hope University">Liverpool Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_John_Moores_University" title="Liverpool John Moores University">Liverpool John Moores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_School_of_Tropical_Medicine" title="Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine">LSTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manchester" title="University of Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Metropolitan_University" title="Manchester Metropolitan University">Manchester Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle_University" title="Newcastle University">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northumbria_University" title="Northumbria University">Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Salford" title="University of Salford">Salford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Hallam_University" title="Sheffield Hallam University">Sheffield Hallam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sunderland" title="University of Sunderland">Sunderland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teesside_University" title="Teesside University">Teesside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_York" title="University of York">York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_St_John_University" title="York St John University">York St. John</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arts_University_Bournemouth" title="Arts University Bournemouth">Arts University Bournemouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bath" title="University of Bath">Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bath_Spa_University" title="Bath Spa University">Bath Spa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bournemouth_University" title="Bournemouth University">Bournemouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Brighton" title="University of Brighton">Brighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Buckingham" title="University of Buckingham">Buckingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckinghamshire_New_University" title="Buckinghamshire New University">Buckinghamshire New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Christ_Church_University" title="Canterbury Christ Church University">Canterbury Christ Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chichester" title="University of Chichester">Chichester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_for_the_Creative_Arts" title="University for the Creative Arts">Creative Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Exeter" title="University of Exeter">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falmouth_University" title="Falmouth University">Falmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartpury_College" title="Hartpury College">Hartpury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Gloucestershire" title="University of Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kent" title="University of Kent">Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Brookes_University" title="Oxford Brookes University">Oxford Brookes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Plymouth" title="University of Plymouth">Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Marjon_University" title="Plymouth Marjon University">Plymouth Marjon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_University_Plymouth" title="Arts University Plymouth">Arts University Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Portsmouth" title="University of Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Reading" title="University of Reading">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Agricultural_University" title="Royal Agricultural University">Royal Agricultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solent_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Solent University">Solent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southampton" title="University of Southampton">Southampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Surrey" title="University of Surrey">Surrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sussex" title="University of Sussex">Sussex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_of_England" title="University of the West of England">UWE Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Winchester" title="University of Winchester">Winchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of universities in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_Belfast" title="Queen&#39;s University Belfast">Queen's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_University" title="Ulster University">Ulster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Scotland" title="List of universities in Scotland">Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Aberdeen" title="University of Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abertay_University" title="Abertay University">Abertay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Napier_University" title="Edinburgh Napier University">Edinburgh Napier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Glasgow" title="University of Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Caledonian_University" title="Glasgow Caledonian University">Glasgow Caledonian</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Heriot-Watt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Highlands_and_Islands" title="University of the Highlands and Islands">Highlands and Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Margaret_University" title="Queen Margaret University">Queen Margaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gordon_University" title="Robert Gordon University">Robert Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Conservatoire_of_Scotland" title="Royal Conservatoire of Scotland">Royal Conservatoire of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">St Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Stirling" title="University of Stirling">Stirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strathclyde" title="University of Strathclyde">Strathclyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_of_Scotland" title="University of the West of Scotland">West of Scotland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Wales" title="List of universities in Wales">Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberystwyth_University" title="Aberystwyth University">Aberystwyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangor_University" title="Bangor University">Bangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_University" title="Cardiff University">Cardiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_Metropolitan_University" title="Cardiff Metropolitan University">Cardiff Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Wales" title="University of South Wales">South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swansea_University" title="Swansea University">Swansea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wales_Trinity_Saint_David" title="University of Wales Trinity Saint David">Wales Trinity Saint David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrexham_University" title="Wrexham University">Wrexham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#Universities_in_British_overseas_territories" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">Overseas territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_College" title="Bermuda College">Bermuda College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands_Law_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Cayman Islands Law School">Cayman Islands Law School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Gibraltar" title="University of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_College_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="International College of the Cayman Islands">International College of the Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_James_School_of_Medicine" title="Saint James School of Medicine">Saint James School of Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Matthew%27s_University" title="St. Matthew&#39;s University">St. Matthew's University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="University College of the Cayman Islands">University College of the Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Science,_Arts_and_Technology" title="University of Science, Arts and Technology">University of Science, Arts and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_Indies_Open_Campus" title="University of the West Indies Open Campus">University of the West Indies Open Campus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#Universities_in_Crown_Dependencies" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">Crown dependencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Channel_Islands_in_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="University of the Channel Islands in Guernsey">University of the Channel Islands in Guernsey</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arden_University" title="Arden University">Arden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BPP_University" title="BPP University">BPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Law" title="University of Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_International_Programmes" class="mw-redirect" title="University of London International Programmes">London International Programmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_University" title="Open University">Open</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_student_protests" title="2010 United Kingdom student protests">2010 United Kingdom student protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_universities_by_date_of_foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UK universities by date of foundation">List by date of foundation</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Ancient_university" title="Ancient university">Ancient</a>; <a href="/wiki/Third-oldest_university_in_England_debate" title="Third-oldest university in England debate">Third-oldest in England</a>; <a href="/wiki/Red_brick_university" title="Red brick university">Redbrick</a>; <a href="/wiki/Plate_glass_university" title="Plate glass university">Plate glass</a>; <a href="/wiki/Post-1992_university" title="Post-1992 university">Post-1992</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_universities_by_endowment" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UK universities by endowment">List by endowment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom_by_enrolment" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom by enrolment">List by enrolment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colleges_within_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Colleges within universities in the United Kingdom">Colleges within universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_degree_abbreviations" title="British degree abbreviations">Degree abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Funding_Council_for_Wales" title="Higher Education Funding Council for Wales">HEFCW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Students" title="Office for Students">Office for Students</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Funding_Council_for_England" title="Higher Education Funding Council for England">HEFCE</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Funding_Council" title="Scottish Funding Council">Scottish Funding Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_loans_and_grants_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student loans and grants in the United Kingdom">Student loans and grants in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_Radio_Association" title="Student Radio Association">Student Radio Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student television in the United Kingdom">Student television in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student unionism in the United Kingdom">Student unionism in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuition_fees_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Tuition fees in the United Kingdom">Tuition fees in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_undergraduate_degree_classification" title="British undergraduate degree classification">Undergraduate degree classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCAS" title="UCAS">UCAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_and_College_Union" title="University and College Union">University and College Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_(United_Kingdom)" title="Polytechnic (United Kingdom)">Polytechnic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Universities in the United Kingdom">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="CESAER" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conference_of_European_Schools_for_Advanced_Engineering_Education_and_Research" title="Template:Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conference_of_European_Schools_for_Advanced_Engineering_Education_and_Research" title="Template talk:Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conference_of_European_Schools_for_Advanced_Engineering_Education_and_Research" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="CESAER" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/CESAER" title="CESAER">CESAER</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aalborg_University" title="Aalborg University">Aalborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aalto_University" title="Aalto University">Aalto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Technical_University_of_Athens" title="National Technical University of Athens">Athens Polytechnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Belgrade" title="University of Belgrade">Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_University_of_Technology_and_Economics" title="Budapest University of Technology and Economics">BME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brno_University_of_Technology" title="Brno University of Technology">BUT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalmers_University_of_Technology" title="Chalmers University of Technology">Chalmers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Polytechnique_F%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_de_Lausanne" title="École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne">EPFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ETH_Zurich" title="ETH Zurich">ETH Zurich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk_University_of_Technology" title="Gdańsk University of Technology">Gdańsk University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghent_University" title="Ghent University">Ghent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graz_University_of_Technology" title="Graz University of Technology">Graz University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenoble_Alpes_University" title="Grenoble Alpes University">Grenoble Alpes University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_des_sciences_Appliqu%C3%A9es_de_Lyon" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut national des sciences Appliquées de Lyon">INSA de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_Polytechnique_de_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut Polytechnique de Paris">IP Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Superior_T%C3%A9cnico" title="Instituto Superior Técnico">IST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Technical_University" title="Istanbul Technical University">ITU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlsruhe_Institute_of_Technology" title="Karlsruhe Institute of Technology">KIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Polytechnic_Institute" title="Kyiv Polytechnic Institute">KPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Institute of Technology">KTH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven">KU Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leibniz_University_Hannover" title="Leibniz University Hannover">Leibniz University Hannover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lund_University" title="Lund University">Lund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_University_of_Lisbon" class="mw-redirect" title="New University of Lisbon">NOVA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Norwegian University of Science and Technology">NTNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Paris-Saclay" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Paris-Saclay">Paris-Saclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ParisTech" title="ParisTech">ParisTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Turin" title="Polytechnic University of Turin">POLITO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Milan" title="Polytechnic University of Milan">Polytechnic University of Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Porto" title="University of Porto">Porto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politehnica_University_of_Bucharest" title="Politehnica University of Bucharest">PUB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84_University_of_Technology" title="Poznań University of Technology">PUT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RWTH_Aachen_University" title="RWTH Aachen University">RWTH Aachen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapienza_University_of_Rome" title="Sapienza University of Rome">Sapienza University of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southampton" title="University of Southampton">Southampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strathclyde" title="University of Strathclyde">Strathclyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_University_of_Technology_in_Bratislava" title="Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava">STU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Stuttgart" title="University of Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Surrey" title="University of Surrey">Surrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technion_%E2%80%93_Israel_Institute_of_Technology" title="Technion – Israel Institute of Technology">Technion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical University of Berlin">TU Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Braunschweig" title="Technical University of Braunschweig">TU Braunschweig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technische_Universit%C3%A4t_Darmstadt" title="Technische Universität Darmstadt">TU Darmstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delft_University_of_Technology" title="Delft University of Technology">TU Delft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TU_Dresden" title="TU Dresden">TU Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_University_of_Technology" title="Warsaw University of Technology">TU Warsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TU_Wien" title="TU Wien">TU Wien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Twente" title="University of Twente">Twente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">UCLouvain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Catalonia" title="Polytechnic University of Catalonia">UPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Madrid" title="Technical University of Madrid">UPM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Valencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Polytechnic University of Valencia">UPV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_Dublin" title="University College Dublin">UCD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1610024#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1610024#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1610024#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000106567444">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/123143247">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1010853-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79065305">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007440403705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Identifier_for_Libraries_and_Related_Organizations" title="International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organizations">ISIL</a>: GB-StEdHWU</span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c59558b9d‐nf4q5 Cached time: 20241130110950 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.141 seconds Real time usage: 1.348 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 12094/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 269964/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6086/2097152 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