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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard" style="width:20em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Eswatini" title="Politics of Eswatini">Politics of Eswatini</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Eswatini.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Coat_of_arms_of_Eswatini.svg/125px-Coat_of_arms_of_Eswatini.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Coat_of_arms_of_Eswatini.svg/188px-Coat_of_arms_of_Eswatini.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Coat_of_arms_of_Eswatini.svg/250px-Coat_of_arms_of_Eswatini.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="279" data-file-height="197" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Eswatini" title="Constitution of Eswatini">Constitution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Eswatini" title="Human rights in Eswatini">Human rights</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Eswatini" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Eswatini">LGBT rights</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Monarchy</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ngwenyama" title="Ngwenyama">Ngwenyama</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Eswatini" title="List of monarchs of Eswatini">list</a>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Mswati_III" title="Mswati III">Mswati III</a></dd></dl></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ndlovukati" title="Ndlovukati">Ndlovukati</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Ndlovukati#List_of_tiNdlovukati" title="Ndlovukati">list</a>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Ntfombi_of_Eswatini" title="Ntfombi of Eswatini">Ntfombi</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Eswatini" title="Government of Eswatini">Government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Eswatini" title="List of prime ministers of Eswatini">Prime Minister</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Russell_Dlamini" title="Russell Dlamini">Russell Dlamini</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Eswatini" title="Cabinet of Eswatini">Cabinet</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Eswatini" title="Parliament of Eswatini">Parliament</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Eswatini" title="Senate of Eswatini">Senate</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Senate_of_Eswatini" title="List of presidents of the Senate of Eswatini">President</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Eswatini" title="House of Assembly of Eswatini">House of Assembly</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_House_of_Assembly_of_Eswatini" title="List of speakers of the House of Assembly of Eswatini">Speaker</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Eswatini" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Eswatini">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Eswatini" title="Regions of Eswatini">Regions</a></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Inkhundla" title="Inkhundla">Tinkhundla</a></i></li><li><i><a href="/wiki/Umphakatsi" title="Umphakatsi">Umphakatsi</a></i></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li>Recent elections <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>General: <a href="/wiki/2013_Swazi_general_election" title="2013 Swazi general election">2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Swazi_general_election" title="2018 Swazi general election">2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Swazi_general_election" title="2023 Swazi general election">2023</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Eswatini" title="List of political parties in Eswatini">Political parties</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Eswatini" title="Foreign relations of Eswatini">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Eswatini)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Eswatini)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation</a> <dl><dd>Minister: <a href="/wiki/Thuli_Dladla" title="Thuli Dladla">Thuli Dladla</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Eswatini" title="List of diplomatic missions of Eswatini">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Eswatini" title="List of diplomatic missions in Eswatini">in Eswatini</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swazi_passport" title="Swazi passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Swazi_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Swazi citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Eswatini" title="Visa policy of Eswatini">Visa policy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Eswatini" title="Template:Politics of Eswatini"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Eswatini" title="Template talk:Politics of Eswatini"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Eswatini" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Eswatini"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Eswatini" title="Parliament of Eswatini">Parliament of Eswatini</a> (or Libandla) is <a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">bicameral</a>, consisting of a <a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">lower chamber</a> (the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Eswatini" title="House of Assembly of Eswatini">House of Assembly</a>) and an <a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">upper one</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Swaziland" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate of Swaziland">Senate</a>). Some of the members of both chambers are elected, while the rest are appointed by the King of Eswatini. Election is by <a href="/wiki/Secret_ballot" title="Secret ballot">secret ballot</a> in a <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">first-past-the-post system of voting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CP_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members of both chambers serve for five-year terms.<sup id="cite_ref-CPA_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPA-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All candidates run on a non-partisan basis, as political parties are banned.<sup id="cite_ref-CPA_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPA-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selection_process">Selection process</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Eswatini&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Selection process"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Assembly has 66 members, of which 55 are elected from single-member <a href="/wiki/Constituency" class="mw-redirect" title="Constituency">constituencies</a> corresponding to the <i><a href="/wiki/Tinkhundla" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinkhundla">tinkhundlas</a></i> (tribal communities).<sup id="cite_ref-Gov_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gov-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 14 <i>tinkhundlas</i> are located in <a href="/wiki/Hhohho_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Hhohho District">Hhohho District</a>, 11 in <a href="/wiki/Lubombo_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Lubombo District">Lubombo District</a>, 16 in <a href="/wiki/Manzini_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Manzini District">Manzini District</a>, and 14 in <a href="/wiki/Shiselweni_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shiselweni District">Shiselweni District</a>. Candidates are first nominated at the <i>tinkhundla</i> level. The top three finishers then proceed to a general election, where the candidate who receives the most votes is elected.<sup id="cite_ref-CP_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CW_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CW-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Swaziland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of kings of Swaziland">King</a> appoints the other ten members,<sup id="cite_ref-Gov_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gov-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at least half of whom must be women.<sup id="cite_ref-CP_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 66th member is the Speaker of the House, who is elected from outside the House.<sup id="cite_ref-Gov_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gov-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If the percentage of women members falls below 30%, a maximum of four women may be elected from the administrative regions.<sup id="cite_ref-CPA_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPA-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The House selects ten of the 30 members of the Senate, and the King appoints the rest.<sup id="cite_ref-CW_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CW-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of these, at least five of the ten and at least eight of the 20 must be women.<sup id="cite_ref-CW_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CW-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, according to the <a href="/wiki/Inter-Parliamentary_Union" title="Inter-Parliamentary Union">Inter-Parliamentary Union</a> database, in 2008, there were 12 women senators instead of the minimum stipulated 13,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 2013, there were only ten.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Qualifications_and_disqualifications">Qualifications and disqualifications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Eswatini&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Qualifications and disqualifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each Member of Parliament must be at least 18 years old, a citizen, a registered voter, and have "paid all taxes or made arrangements satisfactory to the Commissioner of Taxes".<sup id="cite_ref-CP_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Disqualifications are: being insolvent under any law without having been "rehabilitated", being of unsound mind, sentenced to death or more than six months in prison for a crime in Eswatini, a member of the country's armed forces or holding or acting in a public office without being granted a leave of absence to serve in the Senate, unqualified to be a voter, otherwise disqualified by law, found incompetent to hold public office, connected to a firm with a government contract and having not made the proper disclosures regarding the contract, or holding or acting in any office connected with the conduct of any election or the compilation or revision of any electoral register.<sup id="cite_ref-CP_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oversight">Oversight</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Eswatini&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Oversight"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Elections and Boundaries Commission is an independent authority consisting of a chairperson, a deputy chairperson and three others whose duties include overseeing voter registration, ensuring fair and free elections and reviewing and determining <i>tinkhundla</i> boundaries.<sup id="cite_ref-CP_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members are appointed for a single term not exceeding 12 years.<sup id="cite_ref-CP_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Past_elections">Past elections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Eswatini&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Past elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eswatini held <a href="/wiki/2018_Swazi_general_election" title="2018 Swazi general election">general elections in 2018.</a> </p><p>In September 2013,<sup id="cite_ref-CW_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CW-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gelane_Zwane" title="Gelane Zwane">Gelane Zwane</a> ran unopposed and was elected President of the Senate for the third consecutive time.<sup id="cite_ref-ToS_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToS-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ngomuyayona Gamedze was chosen as Deputy President, also for the third consecutive time.<sup id="cite_ref-ToS_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToS-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Six of King <a href="/wiki/Mswati_III" title="Mswati III">Mswati III</a>'s selections were members of his family.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current <a href="/wiki/Speaker_(politics)" title="Speaker (politics)">Speaker</a> of the House of Assembly is Prince <a href="/wiki/Guduza_Dlamini" title="Guduza Dlamini">Guduza Dlamini</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Past elections have lacked transparency. The full results of both the 2018 and 2013 elections were never published.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Eswatini&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral calendar">Electoral calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">Electoral system</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Eswatini&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/s/swaziland/">Adam Carr's Election Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://africanelections.tripod.com/sz.html">African Elections Database</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Eswatini&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CP-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CP_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CP_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CP_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CP_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CP_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CP_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CP_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Swaziland_2005.pdf?lang=en">"Swaziland's Constitution of 2005"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>constitueproject.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=constitueproject.org&rft.atitle=Swaziland%27s+Constitution+of+2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.constituteproject.org%2Fconstitution%2FSwaziland_2005.pdf%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Eswatini" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CPA-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CPA_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CPA_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CPA_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304120040/http://www.cpahq.org/cpahq/core/parliamentInfo.aspx?Committee=SWAZILAND">"The Parliament of Swaziland"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Parliamentary_Association" title="Commonwealth Parliamentary Association">Commonwealth Parliamentary Association</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cpahq.org/cpahq/core/parliamentInfo.aspx?Committee=SWAZILAND">the original</a> on 2016-03-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-11-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Parliament+of+Swaziland&rft.pub=Commonwealth+Parliamentary+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cpahq.org%2Fcpahq%2Fcore%2FparliamentInfo.aspx%3FCommittee%3DSWAZILAND&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Eswatini" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gov-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gov_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gov_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gov_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.sz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=407&Itemid=213">"Legislature"</a>. Government of Swaziland.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Legislature&rft.pub=Government+of+Swaziland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.sz%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D407%26Itemid%3D213&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Eswatini" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CW-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CW_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CW_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CW_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CW_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107005133/http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/swaziland/constitution-politics">"Swaziland: Constitution and politics"</a>. Commonwealth of Nations. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/swaziland/constitution-politics">the original</a> on 2017-11-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-11-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Swaziland%3A+Constitution+and+politics&rft.pub=Commonwealth+of+Nations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthecommonwealth.org%2Four-member-countries%2Fswaziland%2Fconstitution-politics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Eswatini" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2302_08.htm">"Swaziland Senate: Last elections (2008)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Inter-Parliamentary_Union" title="Inter-Parliamentary Union">Inter-Parliamentary Union</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Swaziland+Senate%3A+Last+elections+%282008%29&rft.pub=Inter-Parliamentary+Union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ipu.org%2Fparline-e%2Freports%2Farc%2F2302_08.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Eswatini" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2302_E.htm">"Swaziland Senate: Last elections (2013)"</a>. Inter-Parliamentary Union.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Swaziland+Senate%3A+Last+elections+%282013%29&rft.pub=Inter-Parliamentary+Union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ipu.org%2Fparline-e%2Freports%2F2302_E.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Eswatini" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ToS-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ToS_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ToS_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimothy_Simelane2013" class="citation news cs1">Timothy Simelane (31 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.times.co.sz/news/92809-gelane,-%E2%80%98ngoma%E2%80%99-bounce-back.html">"Gelane, 'Ngoma' Bounce Back"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Times_of_Swaziland" title="Times of Swaziland">Times of Swaziland</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Swaziland&rft.atitle=Gelane%2C+%27Ngoma%27+Bounce+Back&rft.date=2013-10-31&rft.au=Timothy+Simelane&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.times.co.sz%2Fnews%2F92809-gelane%2C-%25E2%2580%2598ngoma%25E2%2580%2599-bounce-back.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Eswatini" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://allafrica.com/stories/201310291296.html">"Swaziland: King Appoints 6 of His Family to Senate"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AllAfrica.com" class="mw-redirect" title="AllAfrica.com">AllAfrica.com</a>. 29 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Swaziland%3A+King+Appoints+6+of+His+Family+to+Senate&rft.pub=AllAfrica.com&rft.date=2013-10-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fallafrica.com%2Fstories%2F201310291296.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Eswatini" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161103221008/http://www.cpaafricaregion.org/directory/mr-prince-guduza-dlamini-mp">"Mr. Prince Guduza Dlamini, MP"</a>. Commonwealth Parliamentary Association - Africa Region. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cpaafricaregion.org/directory/mr-prince-guduza-dlamini-mp">the original</a> on 2016-11-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-11-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mr.+Prince+Guduza+Dlamini%2C+MP&rft.pub=Commonwealth+Parliamentary+Association+-+Africa+Region&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cpaafricaregion.org%2Fdirectory%2Fmr-prince-guduza-dlamini-mp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Eswatini" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://allafrica.com/stories/201810220621.html">"Swaziland: Results of Swaziland Election Not Published One Month After Poll Questioning Kingdom's Claim to Democracy - allAfrica.com"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Swaziland%3A+Results+of+Swaziland+Election+Not+Published+One+Month+After+Poll+Questioning+Kingdom%27s+Claim+to+Democracy+-+allAfrica.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fallafrica.com%2Fstories%2F201810220621.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Eswatini" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output 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alt="Eswatini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/45px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elections and referendums in Eswatini</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Eswatini" title="House of Assembly of Eswatini">General elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1921_Swazi_Advisory_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1921 Swazi Advisory Council election (page does not exist)">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1923_Swazi_Advisory_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1923 Swazi Advisory Council election (page does not exist)">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1926_Swazi_Advisory_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1926 Swazi Advisory Council election (page does not exist)">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1928_Swazi_Advisory_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1928 Swazi Advisory Council election (page does not exist)">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1932_Swazi_Advisory_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1932 Swazi Advisory Council election (page does not exist)">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1935_Swazi_Advisory_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1935 Swazi Advisory Council election (page does not exist)">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1938_Swazi_Advisory_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1938 Swazi Advisory Council election (page does not exist)">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1949_Swazi_Advisory_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1949 Swazi Advisory Council election (page does not exist)">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1952_Swazi_Advisory_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1952 Swazi Advisory Council election (page does not exist)">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_Swazi_Advisory_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1956 Swazi Advisory Council election (page does not exist)">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961_Swazi_Advisory_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1961 Swazi Advisory Council election (page does not exist)">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Swazi_general_election" title="1964 Swazi general election">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Swazi_general_election" title="1967 Swazi general election">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Swazi_general_election" title="1972 Swazi general election">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Swazi_general_election" title="1978 Swazi general election">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Swazi_general_election" title="1983 Swazi general election">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Swazi_general_election" title="1987 Swazi general election">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Swazi_general_election" title="1993 Swazi general election">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Swazi_general_election" title="1998 Swazi general election">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Swazi_general_election" title="2003 Swazi general election">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Swazi_general_election" title="2008 Swazi general election">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Swazi_general_election" title="2013 Swazi general election">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Swazi_general_election" title="2018 Swazi general election">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Swazi_general_election" title="2023 Swazi general election">2023</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Referendums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1962_Swazi_parliamentary_seats_referendum" title="1962 Swazi parliamentary seats referendum">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Swazi_constitutional_referendum" title="1964 Swazi constitutional referendum">1964</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Elections_in_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Africa_topic" title="Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Africa_topic" title="Template talk:Africa topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Africa_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Elections_in_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Africa" title="Elections in Africa">Elections in Africa </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Algeria" title="Elections in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Angola" title="Elections in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Benin" title="Elections in Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Botswana" title="Elections in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Burkina_Faso" title="Elections in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Burundi" title="Elections in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Cameroon" title="Elections in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Cape_Verde" title="Elections in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Elections in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Chad" title="Elections in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Comoros" title="Elections in the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Elections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Elections in the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Djibouti" title="Elections in Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Egypt" title="Elections in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Elections in Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Eritrea" title="Elections in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Ethiopia" title="Elections in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Gabon" title="Elections in Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Gambia" title="Elections in the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Ghana" title="Elections in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Guinea" title="Elections in Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Guinea-Bissau" title="Elections in Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Ivory_Coast" title="Elections in Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Kenya" title="Elections in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Lesotho" title="Elections in Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Liberia" title="Elections in Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Libya" title="Elections in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Madagascar" title="Elections in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Malawi" title="Elections in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Mali" title="Elections in Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Mauritania" title="Elections in Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Mauritius" title="Elections in Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Morocco" title="Elections in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Mozambique" title="Elections in Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Namibia" title="Elections in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Niger" title="Elections in Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Nigeria" title="Elections in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Rwanda" title="Elections in Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Elections in São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Senegal" title="Elections in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Seychelles" title="Elections in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Sierra_Leone" title="Elections in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Somalia" title="Elections in Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_South_Africa" title="Elections in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_South_Sudan" title="Elections in South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Sudan" title="Elections in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Tanzania" title="Elections in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Togo" title="Elections in Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Tunisia" title="Elections in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Uganda" title="Elections in Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Zambia" title="Elections in Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Zimbabwe" title="Elections in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">States with limited<br />recognition</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Elections in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Somaliland" title="Elections in Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Canary_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Ceuta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elections in Ceuta (page does not exist)">Ceuta</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Melilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elections in Melilla (page does not exist)">Melilla</a>  <span style="font-size:85%;">(Spain)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Madeira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elections in Madeira (page does not exist)">Madeira</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Portugal)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Mayotte" title="Elections in Mayotte">Mayotte</a> / <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_R%C3%A9union" title="Elections in Réunion">Réunion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(France)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Saint_Helena" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Ascension_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elections in Ascension Island (page does not exist)">Ascension Island</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Tristan_da_Cunha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elections in Tristan da Cunha (page does not exist)">Tristan da Cunha</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(United Kingdom)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Western_Sahara" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Eswatini_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Eswatini_topics" title="Template:Eswatini topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eswatini_topics" title="Template talk:Eswatini topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eswatini_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eswatini topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Eswatini_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Eswatini" title="History of Eswatini">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Eswatini" title="List of monarchs of Eswatini">Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Second Boer War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini_in_World_War_II" title="Eswatini in World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_Eswatini_protests" title="2021–2023 Eswatini protests">2021–2023 protests</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Eswatini" title="Flag of Eswatini"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/100px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/150px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/200px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Eswatini" title="Geography of Eswatini">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Eswatini" title="List of cities in Eswatini">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Eswatini" title="Geology of Eswatini">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Eswatini" title="Regions of Eswatini">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Eswatini" title="Wildlife of Eswatini">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Eswatini" title="Politics of Eswatini">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Eswatini" title="Cabinet of Eswatini">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Eswatini" title="Foreign relations of Eswatini">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Eswatini" title="Human rights in Eswatini">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Eswatini" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Eswatini">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngwenyama" title="Ngwenyama">Ngwenyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndlovukati" title="Ndlovukati">Ndlovukati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Eswatini" title="List of prime ministers of Eswatini">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbutfo_Eswatini_Defence_Force" title="Umbutfo Eswatini Defence Force">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umbutfo_Eswatini_Defence_Force#Commanders" title="Umbutfo Eswatini Defence Force">Commander</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Eswatini" title="Law enforcement in Eswatini">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Eswatini" title="Parliament of Eswatini">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Eswatini" title="Senate of Eswatini">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Eswatini" title="House of Assembly of Eswatini">House of Assembly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Eswatini" title="List of political parties in Eswatini">Political parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Eswatini" title="Economy of Eswatini">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Eswatini" title="Central Bank of Eswatini">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_labour_in_Eswatini" title="Child labour in Eswatini">Child labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Eswatini" title="List of companies of Eswatini">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_industry_of_Eswatini" title="Mining industry of Eswatini">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Eswatini" title="Prostitution in Eswatini">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini_Stock_Market" title="Eswatini Stock Market">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Eswatini" title="Telecommunications in Eswatini">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Eswatini" title="Transport in Eswatini">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Eswatini" title="Category:Society of Eswatini">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Eswatini" title="Abortion in Eswatini">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Eswatini" title="Culture of Eswatini">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Eswatini" title="Demographics of Eswatini">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Eswatini" title="Education in Eswatini">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Eswatini" title="Flag of Eswatini">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Eswatini" title="Languages of Eswatini">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Eswatini" title="Music of Eswatini">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Eswatini" title="Religion in Eswatini">Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Eswatini" title="Outline of Eswatini">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Eswatini" title="Category:Eswatini">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" 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