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id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/deuteronomy/21.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/deuteronomy/21.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />When you go to war against your enemies and the LORD your God delivers them into your hands and you take captives,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/deuteronomy/21.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />“Suppose you go out to war against your enemies and the LORD your God hands them over to you, and you take some of them as captives.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/deuteronomy/21.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />“When you go out to war against your enemies, and the LORD your God gives them into your hand and you take them captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/deuteronomy/21.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />When you go to war against your enemies and the LORD your God delivers them into your hand and you take them captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/deuteronomy/21.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />When thou goest forth to war against thine enemies, and the LORD thy God hath delivered them into thine hands, and thou hast taken them captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/deuteronomy/21.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />“When you go out to war against your enemies, and the LORD your God delivers them into your hand, and you take them captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/deuteronomy/21.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />“When you go out to battle against your enemies, and the LORD your God hands them over to you and you take them away captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/deuteronomy/21.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />&#8220When you go out to battle against your enemies, and the LORD your God delivers them into your hands and you take them away captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/deuteronomy/21.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />“When you go out to battle against your enemies, and the LORD your God delivers them into your hands, and you take them away captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/deuteronomy/21.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />“If you go out to battle against your enemies, and Yahweh your God gives them over into your hands and you take them away captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/deuteronomy/21.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />“When you go out to battle against your enemies, and the LORD your God hands them over to you and you lead them away captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/deuteronomy/21.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />“When you go to war against your enemies and the LORD your God hands them over to you and you take some of them prisoner, and<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/deuteronomy/21.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />When you go to war against your enemies and the LORD your God hands them over to you and you take some of them prisoner, and<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/deuteronomy/21.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />When thou goest forth to battle against thine enemies, and Jehovah thy God delivereth them into thy hands, and thou carriest them away captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/deuteronomy/21.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />From time to time, you men will serve as soldiers and go off to war. The LORD your God will help you defeat your enemies, and you will take many prisoners. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/deuteronomy/21.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />When thou goest forth to battle against thine enemies, and the LORD thy God delivereth them into thine hands, and thou carriest them away captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/deuteronomy/21.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />When you go to war with your enemies and the LORD your God hands them over to you, you may take them captive.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/deuteronomy/21.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />"When the LORD your God gives you victory in battle and you take prisoners, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/deuteronomy/21.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />"If you go to battle against your enemies, and the LORD your God delivers them into your control, you may take some prisoners captive. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/deuteronomy/21.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />When you go to war against your enemies and the LORD your God delivers them into your hand and you take them captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/deuteronomy/21.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />When you go out to do battle with your enemies and the LORD your God allows you to prevail and you take prisoners,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/deuteronomy/21.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />When you go forth to battle against your enemies, and the LORD your God delivers them into your hands, and you carry them away captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/deuteronomy/21.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />When thou goest forth to war against thy enemies, and the LORD thy God hath delivered them into thy hands, and thou hast taken them captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/deuteronomy/21.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />When you go out to battle against your enemies, and Yahweh your God delivers them into your hands and you carry them away captive, <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/deuteronomy/21.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />When you go out to battle against your enemies, and your God YHWH has given them into your hand, and you have taken captive its captivity,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/deuteronomy/21.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> 'When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and Jehovah thy God hath given them into thy hand, and thou hast taken captive its captivity,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/deuteronomy/21.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />When thou shalt go forth to war against thine enemy, and Jehovah thy God gave him into thine hand, and thou didst take him captive,<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/deuteronomy/21.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />If thou go out to fight against thy enemies, and the Lord thy God deliver them into thy hand, and thou lead them away captives, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/deuteronomy/21.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />If you have gone out to fight against your enemies, and the Lord your God has delivered them into your hand, and if, as you are leading away the captives,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/deuteronomy/21.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />When you go out to war against your enemies and the LORD, your God, delivers them into your power, so that you take captives,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/deuteronomy/21.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />When you go out to war against your enemies, and the LORD your God hands them over to you and you take them captive,<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/deuteronomy/21.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />When you go forth to war against your enemies, and the LORD your God delivers them into your hands, and you take them captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/deuteronomy/21.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And when you go out for battle against your enemies, LORD JEHOVAH your God shall deliver them into your hands and you shall lead some of them in captivity,<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/deuteronomy/21.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />When thou goest forth to battle against thine enemies, and the LORD thy God delivereth them into thy hands, and thou carriest them away captive,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/deuteronomy/21.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And if when thou goest out to war against thine enemies, the Lord thy God should deliver them into thine hands, and thou shouldest take their spoil,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/IRhBtZaVxJ0?start=5773" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/deuteronomy/21.htm">Marrying a Captive Woman</a></span><br> <span class="reftext">10</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/3588.htm" title="3588: kî- (Conj) -- That, for, when. ">When</a> <a href="/hebrew/3318.htm" title="3318: ṯê·ṣê (V-Qal-Imperf-2ms) -- A primitive root; to go out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.">you go</a> <a href="/hebrew/4421.htm" title="4421: lam·mil·ḥā·māh (Prep-l, Art:: N-fs) -- A battle, war. From lacham; a battle; generally, war.">to war</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">against</a> <a href="/hebrew/341.htm" title="341: ’ō·yə·ḇe·ḵā (V-Qal-Prtcpl-mpc:: 2ms) -- Hating, an adversary. Or owyeb; active participle of 'ayab; hating; an adversary.">your enemies</a> <a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">and the LORD</a> <a href="/hebrew/430.htm" title="430: ’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā (N-mpc:: 2ms) -- Plural of 'elowahh; gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used of the supreme God">your God</a> <a href="/hebrew/5414.htm" title="5414: ū·nə·ṯā·nōw (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConjPerf-3ms:: 3ms) -- To give, put, set. A primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of application.">delivers them</a> <a href="/hebrew/3027.htm" title="3027: bə·yā·ḏe·ḵā (Prep-b:: N-fsc:: 2ms) -- Hand (indicating power, means, direction, etc.)">into your hand</a> <a href="/hebrew/7617.htm" title="7617: wə·šā·ḇî·ṯā (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConjPerf-2ms) -- To take captive. A primitive root; to transport into captivity.">and you take them</a> <a href="/hebrew/7628.htm" title="7628: šiḇ·yōw (N-msc:: 3ms) -- Exiled, captured, exile, booty. From shbuw; exiled; captured; as noun, exile; by extension, booty.">captive,</a> </span><span class="reftext">11</span>if you see a beautiful woman among them, and you desire her and want to take her as your wife,…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/numbers/31-9.htm">Numbers 31:9-18</a></span><br />The Israelites captured the Midianite women and their children, and they plundered all their herds, flocks, and goods. / Then they burned all the cities where the Midianites had lived, as well as all their encampments, / and carried away all the plunder and spoils, both people and animals. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/28-8.htm">2 Chronicles 28:8-15</a></span><br />Then the Israelites took 200,000 captives from their kinsmen—women, sons, and daughters. They also carried off a great deal of plunder and brought it to Samaria. / But a prophet of the LORD named Oded was there, and he went out to meet the army that returned to Samaria. “Look,” he said to them, “because of His wrath against Judah, the LORD, the God of your fathers, has delivered them into your hand. But you have slaughtered them in a rage that reaches up to heaven. / And now you intend to reduce to slavery the men and women of Judah and Jerusalem. But are you not also guilty before the LORD your God? ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/judges/21-10.htm">Judges 21:10-14</a></span><br />So the congregation sent 12,000 of their most valiant men and commanded them: “Go and put to the sword those living in Jabesh-gilead, including women and children. / This is what you are to do: Devote to destruction every male, as well as every female who has had relations with a man.” / So they found among the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead four hundred young women who had not had relations with a man, and they brought them to the camp at Shiloh in the land of Canaan. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_samuel/30-1.htm">1 Samuel 30:1-2</a></span><br />On the third day David and his men arrived in Ziklag, and the Amalekites had raided the Negev, attacked Ziklag, and burned it down. / They had taken captive the women and all who were there, both young and old. They had not killed anyone, but had carried them off as they went on their way.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/5-2.htm">2 Kings 5:2</a></span><br />At this time the Arameans had gone out in bands and had taken a young girl from the land of Israel, and she was serving Naaman’s wife.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/34-29.htm">Genesis 34:29</a></span><br />They carried off all their possessions and women and children, and they plundered everything in their houses.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/21-7.htm">Exodus 21:7-11</a></span><br />And if a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as the menservants do. / If she is displeasing in the eyes of her master who had designated her for himself, he must allow her to be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners, since he has broken faith with her. / And if he chooses her for his son, he must deal with her as with a daughter. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/leviticus/25-44.htm">Leviticus 25:44-46</a></span><br />Your menservants and maidservants shall come from the nations around you, from whom you may purchase them. / You may also purchase them from the foreigners residing among you or their clans living among you who are born in your land. These may become your property. / You may leave them to your sons after you to inherit as property; you can make them slaves for life. But as for your brothers, the Israelites, no man may rule harshly over his brother.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/nehemiah/5-5.htm">Nehemiah 5:5</a></span><br />We and our children are just like our countrymen and their children, yet we are subjecting our sons and daughters to slavery. Some of our daughters are already enslaved, but we are powerless to redeem them because our fields and vineyards belong to others.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/14-2.htm">Isaiah 14:2</a></span><br />The nations will escort Israel and bring it to its homeland. Then the house of Israel will possess the nations as menservants and maidservants in the LORD’s land. They will make captives of their captors and rule over their oppressors.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/5-38.htm">Matthew 5:38-42</a></span><br />You have heard that it was said, ‘Eye for eye and tooth for tooth.’ / But I tell you not to resist an evil person. If someone slaps you on your right cheek, turn to him the other also; / if someone wants to sue you and take your tunic, let him have your cloak as well; ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/6-27.htm">Luke 6:27-36</a></span><br />But to those of you who will listen, I say: Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you, / bless those who curse you, pray for those who mistreat you. / If someone strikes you on one cheek, turn to him the other also. And if someone takes your cloak, do not withhold your tunic as well. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/12-17.htm">Romans 12:17-21</a></span><br />Do not repay anyone evil for evil. Carefully consider what is right in the eyes of everybody. / If it is possible on your part, live at peace with everyone. / Do not avenge yourselves, beloved, but leave room for God’s wrath. For it is written: “Vengeance is Mine; I will repay, says the Lord.” ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_corinthians/7-12.htm">1 Corinthians 7:12-16</a></span><br />To the rest I say this (I, not the Lord): If a brother has an unbelieving wife and she is willing to live with him, he must not divorce her. / And if a woman has an unbelieving husband and he is willing to live with her, she must not divorce him. / For the unbelieving husband is sanctified through his believing wife, and the unbelieving wife is sanctified through her believing husband. Otherwise your children would be unclean, but now they are holy. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ephesians/6-5.htm">Ephesians 6:5-9</a></span><br />Slaves, obey your earthly masters with respect and fear and sincerity of heart, just as you would obey Christ. / And do this not only to please them while they are watching, but as servants of Christ, doing the will of God from your heart. / Serve with good will, as to the Lord and not to men, ...</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">When you go forth to war against your enemies, and the LORD your God has delivered them into your hands, and you have taken them captive,</p><p class="hdg">thou goest</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/deuteronomy/20-10.htm">Deuteronomy 20:10-16</a></b></br> When thou comest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it… </p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/deuteronomy/20-12.htm">Battle</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/1-39.htm">Captive</a> <a href="/numbers/31-26.htm">Captives</a> <a href="/numbers/21-29.htm">Captivity</a> <a href="/psalms/90-5.htm">Carriest</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-24.htm">Carry</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/20-13.htm">Delivered</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/20-13.htm">Delivereth</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/20-13.htm">Delivers</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/20-14.htm">Enemies</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/20-13.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/21-7.htm">Hands</a> <a href="/numbers/31-12.htm">Prisoners</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/20-20.htm">War</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/deuteronomy/29-7.htm">Battle</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/32-42.htm">Captive</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/21-11.htm">Captives</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/21-11.htm">Captivity</a> <a href="/psalms/90-5.htm">Carriest</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/25-6.htm">Carry</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/23-15.htm">Delivered</a> <a href="/joshua/9-26.htm">Delivereth</a> <a href="/1_samuel/10-19.htm">Delivers</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/23-9.htm">Enemies</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/23-15.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/23-14.htm">Hands</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/21-11.htm">Prisoners</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/23-9.htm">War</a><div class="vheading2">Deuteronomy 21</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/21-1.htm">The Atonement for an Unsolved Murder</a></span><br><span class="reftext">10. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">The usage of a captive taken to wife</a></span><br><span class="reftext">15. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/21-15.htm">The firstborn is not to be disinherited upon private affection</a></span><br><span class="reftext">18. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/21-18.htm">A rebellious son is to be stoned to death</a></span><br><span class="reftext">22. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/deuteronomy/21-22.htm">The malefactor must not hang all night on a tree</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/deuteronomy/21.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/deuteronomy/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/deuteronomy/21.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>When you go to war against your enemies</b><br>In the context of ancient Israel, warfare was a common occurrence as the Israelites sought to claim the land promised to them by God. This phrase sets the stage for a divinely sanctioned military campaign. The Israelites were often in conflict with surrounding nations, such as the Canaanites, Philistines, and others who occupied the Promised Land. The concept of "holy war" is significant here, as these battles were not merely political but were seen as fulfilling God's covenant promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The Israelites were to rely on God's guidance and strength rather than their own military prowess.<p><b>and the LORD your God delivers them into your hand</b><br>This phrase emphasizes the belief that victory in battle is granted by God, not achieved solely through human effort. It reflects the theological perspective that God is sovereign over all nations and that He actively intervenes in the affairs of His chosen people. This divine intervention is a recurring theme in the Old Testament, as seen in battles such as those at Jericho (Joshua 6) and against the Midianites (Judges 7). The phrase underscores the covenant relationship between God and Israel, where obedience to God's commands results in His favor and assistance.<p><b>and you take them captive</b><br>Taking captives was a common practice in ancient warfare, serving both as a means of subjugating defeated peoples and as a way to integrate them into the victor's society. In the context of Deuteronomy, this action is regulated by specific laws that aim to ensure humane treatment of captives, particularly women, as seen in the verses that follow (<a href="/deuteronomy/21-11.htm">Deuteronomy 21:11-14</a>). This reflects a broader biblical principle of justice and mercy, even towards enemies. The treatment of captives can also be seen as a type of Christ's redemptive work, where He takes "captive" those who were once enemies of God and integrates them into His kingdom (<a href="/ephesians/4-8.htm">Ephesians 4:8</a>).<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/i/israelite_soldiers.htm">Israelite Soldiers</a></b><br>The context of <a href="/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10</a> involves Israelite soldiers who are returning from battle. These soldiers are part of God's chosen people, tasked with following His commandments even in times of war.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/f/foreign_nations.htm">Foreign Nations</a></b><br>The verse implies a context of warfare with foreign nations. These nations are those that the Israelites encounter as they enter the Promised Land, often representing pagan cultures and practices.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/c/captive_woman.htm">Captive Woman</a></b><br>The verse introduces the concept of a captive woman taken during warfare. This woman is from the defeated foreign nations and becomes a subject of specific laws regarding her treatment.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/r/respect_for_human_dignity.htm">Respect for Human Dignity</a></b><br>The laws in <a href="/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10</a> and following emphasize the importance of treating captives with dignity and respect, reflecting God's concern for all human beings.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_warfare.htm">God's Sovereignty in Warfare</a></b><br>The context of this verse reminds us that God is sovereign over nations and battles. His laws guide His people even in times of conflict.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/m/moral_conduct_in_difficult_situations.htm">Moral Conduct in Difficult Situations</a></b><br>The passage challenges believers to maintain moral integrity and compassion, even in challenging circumstances like warfare.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/i/integration_of_foreigners.htm">Integration of Foreigners</a></b><br>The treatment of the captive woman can be seen as an early form of integrating foreigners into the community of God's people, foreshadowing the New Testament inclusion of Gentiles.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/o/obedience_to_god's_commands.htm">Obedience to God's Commands</a></b><br>The specific instructions given to the Israelites highlight the importance of obedience to God's commands, regardless of personal desires or cultural norms.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_deuteronomy_21.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Deuteronomy 21</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_would_god_allow_war_captives_as_brides.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10–14: Why would a just God permit the taking of war captives as brides under these conditions? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_are_the_lost_books_of_the_bible.htm">What are the Lost Books of the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_does_the_bible_view_jihad.htm">What is the Bible's perspective on jihad?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/bible's_view_on_women's_rights.htm">What does the Bible say about women's rights?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/deuteronomy/21.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div><a href="/context/deuteronomy/21-10.htm" title="When you go forth to war against your enemies, and the LORD your God has delivered them into your hands, and you have taken them captive,">Deuteronomy 21:10-14</a>. <span class= "bld">MARRIAGE OF CAPTIVE WOMEN.</span><p>(10, 11) <span class= "bld">When thou . . . seest among the captives a beautiful woman.</span>--This could not be among the seven nations, of whom it is said (<a href="/context/deuteronomy/20-1.htm" title="When you go out to battle against your enemies, and see horses, and chariots, and a people more than you, be not afraid of them: for the LORD your God is with you, which brought you up out of the land of Egypt.">Deuteronomy 20:1-6</a>), "thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth." But it may well apply to the recent case of the Midianitish maidens (<a href="/context/numbers/31-15.htm" title="And Moses said to them, Have you saved all the women alive?">Numbers 31:15-18</a>), who had been taken captive in great numbers, and would naturally be reduced to slavery. It is clear from this passage that they could not be treated as concubines.<p>(12) <span class= "bld">Shall shave her head, and pare her nails.</span>--Rashi's view is that the object of this order is to spoil the beauty of the captive. The long hair is to be cut off, and the nails pared. On this last point the Targums differ; one taking the view that they are to be left to grow and the other the opposite interpretation. In <a href="/2_samuel/19-24.htm" title="And Mephibosheth the son of Saul came down to meet the king, and had neither dressed his feet, nor trimmed his beard, nor washed his clothes, from the day the king departed until the day he came again in peace.">2Samuel 19:24</a>, there are two examples of the use of the word in the sense of attending to the person. The correct interpretation in this place depends upon the purpose for which the thing was to be done. If the intention was any kind of purification, and long or taper nails were considered an ornament (as by some Eastern nations), it is more probable that the nails were to be cut short.<p>(13) <span class= "bld">The raiment of her captivity.</span>--Rashi takes this to mean the beautiful raiment put on for the purpose of attracting her captors. (Compare Jezebel's attempt to captivate Jehu, <a href="/2_kings/9-30.htm" title="And when Jehu was come to Jezreel, Jezebel heard of it; and she painted her face, and tired her head, and looked out at a window.">2Kings 9:30</a>.) Whatever may be the precise intent of these several instructions, it is clear that the law is intended to encourage lawful marriage, and no other form of union. In this view it throws an important light upon the treatment of the Midianitish captives in Numbers 31 . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/deuteronomy/21.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verses 10-14.</span> - If an Israelite saw among captives taken in war a woman, fair of aspect, and loved her, and took her to be his wife, he was to allow her a full month to mourn her lost kindred, and become accustomed to her new condition, before he consummated his union with her. This refers to captives from other nations than those of Canaan, with whom the Israelites were to form no alliance, and whom they were not to take captive, but either wholly destroy or render tributary (cf. <a href="/deuteronomy/7-3.htm">Deuteronomy 7:3</a>; <a href="/numbers/21-1.htm">Numbers 21:1</a>, etc.; <a href="/joshua/11-19.htm">Joshua 11:19</a>). <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">When</span><br /><span class="heb">כִּֽי־</span> <span class="translit">(kî-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunction<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> </span><span class="str2">A relative conjunction</span><br /><br /><span class="word">you go</span><br /><span class="heb">תֵצֵ֥א</span> <span class="translit">(ṯê·ṣê)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3318.htm">Strong's 3318: </a> </span><span class="str2">To go, bring, out, direct and proxim</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to war</span><br /><span class="heb">לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה</span> <span class="translit">(lam·mil·ḥā·māh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l, Article | Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4421.htm">Strong's 4421: </a> </span><span class="str2">A battle, war</span><br /><br /><span class="word">against</span><br /><span class="heb">עַל־</span> <span class="translit">(‘al-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">your enemies</span><br /><span class="heb">אֹיְבֶ֑יךָ</span> <span class="translit">(’ō·yə·ḇe·ḵā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_341.htm">Strong's 341: </a> </span><span class="str2">Hating, an adversary</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and the LORD</span><br /><span class="heb">יְהוָ֧ה</span> <span class="translit">(Yah·weh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> </span><span class="str2">LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel</span><br /><br /><span class="word">your God</span><br /><span class="heb">אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ</span> <span class="translit">(’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct | second person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_430.htm">Strong's 430: </a> </span><span class="str2">gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative</span><br /><br /><span class="word">delivers them</span><br /><span class="heb">וּנְתָנ֞וֹ</span> <span class="translit">(ū·nə·ṯā·nōw)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5414.htm">Strong's 5414: </a> </span><span class="str2">To give, put, set</span><br /><br /><span class="word">into your hands</span><br /><span class="heb">בְּיָדֶ֖ךָ</span> <span class="translit">(bə·yā·ḏe·ḵā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3027.htm">Strong's 3027: </a> </span><span class="str2">A hand</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and you take</span><br /><span class="heb">וְשָׁבִ֥יתָ</span> <span class="translit">(wə·šā·ḇî·ṯā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7617.htm">Strong's 7617: </a> </span><span class="str2">To transport into captivity</span><br /><br /><span class="word">them captive,</span><br /><span class="heb">שִׁבְיֽוֹ׃</span> <span class="translit">(šiḇ·yōw)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7617.htm">Strong's 7617: </a> </span><span class="str2">To transport into captivity</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">Deuteronomy 21:10 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/deuteronomy/21-10.htm">OT Law: Deuteronomy 21:10 When you go forth to battle against (Deut. De Du)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/deuteronomy/21-9.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Deuteronomy 21:9"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Deuteronomy 21:9" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/deuteronomy/21-11.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Deuteronomy 21:11"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Deuteronomy 21:11" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>