CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html>   <html class="no-js" lang="en">  <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="tdm-reservation" content="1"/> <meta name="tdm-policy" content="https://opg.optica.org/policies/opg-tdm-policy.json"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" initial-scale="1"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <title>Edge-emitting photonic crystal double-heterostructure nanocavity lasers with InAs quantum dot active material</title> <link title="schema(DC)" rel="schema.dc" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="We report what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of an edge-emitting photonic crystal nanocavity laser that is integrated with a photonic crystal waveguide. This demonstration is achieved with a double-heterostructure photonic crystal nanocavity incorporating an InAs quantum dot active region."> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://opg.optica.org/getThumbnail.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1153&o=y"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@OpticaPubsGroup"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Edge-emitting photonic crystal double-heterostructure nanocavity lasers with InAs quantum dot active material"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Samuel Lipson"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Dennis G. Deppe"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="John D. O'Brien"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Adam Mock"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Tian Yang"> <meta name="dc.date" content="2007-05-01"> <meta name="dc.description" content="We report what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of an edge-emitting photonic crystal nanocavity laser that is integrated with a photonic crystal waveguide. This demonstration is achieved with a double-heterostructure photonic crystal nanocavity incorporating an InAs quantum dot active region."> <meta name="dc.identifier" content="doi:10.1364/OL.32.001153"> <meta name="dc.language" content="EN"> <meta property="og:description" content="We report what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of an edge-emitting photonic crystal nanocavity laser that is integrated with a photonic crystal waveguide. This demonstration is achieved with a double-heterostructure photonic crystal nanocavity incorporating an InAs quantum dot active region."> <meta property="og:sitename" content="Optica Publishing Group"> <meta property="og:title" content="Edge-emitting photonic crystal double-heterostructure nanocavity lasers with InAs quantum dot active material"> <meta property="og:type" content="Article"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://opg.optica.org/ol/abstract.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1153"> <meta name="dc.publisher" content="Optica Publishing Group"> <meta name="dc.rights" content="&#169; 2007 Optical Society of America"> <meta name="dc.source" content="Optics Letters, Vol. 32, Issue 9, pp. 1153-1155"> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Distributed feedback lasers"> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Laser crystals"> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Photonic crystal cavities"> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Photonic crystal waveguides"> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Photonic crystals"> <meta name="dc.subject" content="Quantum dot lasers"> <meta name="dc.title" content="Edge-emitting photonic crystal double-heterostructure nanocavity lasers with InAs quantum dot active material"> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://opg.optica.org/abstract.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1153"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Tian Yang"> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="University of Southern California"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Adam Mock"> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="University of Southern California"> <meta name="citation_author" content="John D. O'Brien"> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="University of Southern California"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Samuel Lipson"> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="University of Texas at Austin"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Dennis G. Deppe"> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="University of Central Florida"> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1364/OL.32.001153"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="1153"> <meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://opg.optica.org/viewmedia.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1153&seq=0&html=true"> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1539-4794"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="9"> <meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="Opt. Lett., OL"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Optics Letters"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Distributed feedback lasers;Laser crystals;Photonic crystal cavities;Photonic crystal waveguides;Photonic crystals;Quantum dot lasers;"> <meta name="citation_language" content="EN"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="1155"> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2007/04/03"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://opg.optica.org/viewmedia.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1153&seq=0"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2007/05/01"> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Optica Publishing Group"> <meta name="citation_title" content="Edge-emitting photonic crystal double-heterostructure nanocavity lasers with InAs quantum dot active material"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="32"> <meta name="citation_reference" content=""> <meta name="citation_reference" content=""> <meta name="citation_reference" content=""> <meta name="citation_reference" content=""> <meta name="citation_reference" content=""> <meta name="citation_reference" content=""> <meta name="citation_reference" content=""> <meta name="citation_reference" content=""> <meta name="citation_reference" content=""> <meta name="citation_reference" content=""> <meta name="citation_reference" content=""> <meta name="citation_reference" content="">  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-5N7G55X');</script>  <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico?v=2"> <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-EVSTQN3/azprG1Anm3QDgpJLIm9Nao0Yz1ztcQTwFspd3yD65VohhpuuCOmLASjC" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/token-input-facebook.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/app.min.css?v=11262024">  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/journal-colors.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/tools.css?v=09192021"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jqueryui/jquery-ui.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jqueryui/jquery-ui-1.10.3.custom.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/carrousel.css">  <link href="/fonts/fa5pro/css/all.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,400,600|Noto+Sans:700&subset=latin,greek-ext' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/vendor/custom.modernizr.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_js/casa.js" async></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chart.js@4.4.0/dist/chart.umd.min.js"></script> </head> <body class="single-article journal-ol">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5N7G55X" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: none;"> <symbol id="right-arrow" viewBox="0 0 7.7 8.89"> <defs> <style> .rarrow { stroke-miterlimit: 10; } </style> </defs> <title>Expand this Topic</title> <desc>clickable element to expand a topic</desc> <polygon class="rarrow" points="0.5 0.87 0.5 8.03 6.7 4.45 0.5 0.87" /> </symbol> </svg> <div class="site"> <nav class="primary--home navbar navbar-inverse hidden-xs p-0 mt-1" aria-label="Global Navigation"> <div class="container"> <div class="user-acct navbar-right d-lg-flex flex-row pt-2"> <div class="d-flex flex-column pt-1 position-relative"> <button id="header-search" class="btn text--right shadow-none" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#search-nav" aria-label="start search"> <div style="margin-top:-4px; width:30px; height:30px;border: 0; padding-top:6px;"> <i id="header-search-icon" class="fal fa-search text-white" style="font-size:1em;"></i> </div> </button> <div id="search-nav" class="header-search collapse position-absolute end-100 top-0" style="background-color: black; padding: 10px; z-index: 1000;"> <div class="search-bar input-group main-search"> <form name="nojs" action="/search_noscript.cfm" class="form-inline d-flex"> <input name="q" id="topSearchText" type="text" class="search-text-input form-control input-sm header-search_inputField" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search"> <div class="input-group-btn header-search_btnGroup d-flex"> <div class="dropdown"> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-dropdown dropdown-toggle btn-topheader" type="button" id="dropdownMenuButton" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false"> <span id="dropdownText">All Publications</span> <span class="caret"></span> </button> <ul id="dropdownDesktop" class="dropdown-menu z-index--1000" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton">  <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#" data-search-type="all">All Publications</a></li> <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#" data-search-type="site">Site Search</a></li> </ul> </div> <button id="topSearch" type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-search" aria-label="start search" data-bs-toggle="tooltip" data-bs-placement="bottom" title="Enter a search term or choose options to see advanced search" data-bs-custom-class="custom-tooltip"> <div style="margin-top:-4px; width:30px; height:30px; padding-top:6px;"> <i class="fal fa-search text-white" style="font-size:0.8em;"></i> </div> </button> <button data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#advanced-search-popup" type="button" class="btn text-wrap text--right search-options-header p-0 p__1--xs">Advanced Search</button> </div> </form> </div> <form id="advanced-search-popup" class="collapse advanced-search-popup"> <div class="row avs-header"> <div class="col-sm-9" style="font-weight:bold;"> <i class="fal fa-filter"></i> SEARCH OPTIONS </div> <div class="col-sm-3 close-container"> <div class="close-top"><a href="#" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#advanced-search-popup" style="color:white;">Close <i class="fal fa-times"></i></a></div> </div> </div> <nav class="nav nav-tabs"> <li role="presentation" class="active"> <a href="#" id="OpgAdvancedSearch">Article Search</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a href="#" id="ImageBankAdvancedSearch">ImageBank Search</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a href="#" id="ContentAdvancedSearch">Site Search</a> </li> </nav> <div class="avs-content"> <div class="no-content-search"> <div class="avs_grayout"></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-2 avs-label" style="font-weight:bold;">KEYWORDS</div> <div class="col-sm-8"> <input name="" id="txtSearch" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter search terms here" aria-label="Enter search terms here" /> <span class="opg-search-only"><input id="chkOtrResource" name="selectionChk" type="checkbox" value="" /> <span class="avs-inline-label-left"><label for="chkOtrResource" style="font-weight:normal;">Only if other supplemental resources are available</label></span></span> </div> <div class="col-sm-2 opg-search-only"> <div><input name="chkSearchIn" type="checkbox" id="chk-searchin-metadata" CHECKED /> <span class="avs-inline-label-left"><label for="chk-searchin-metadata" style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;">Title and Abstract</label></span></div> <div><input name="chkSearchIn" type="checkbox" id="chk-searchin-all"/> <span class="avs-inline-label-left"><label for="chk-searchin-all" style="font-weight:normal;">All text</label></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="row space-top"> <div class="col-sm-2 avs-label" style="font-weight:bold;">AUTHORS</div> <div class="col-sm-8"> <input type="text" id="authorSearch" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter author names here" aria-label="author names"/> <span class="small muted">• Use these formats for best results: Smith or J Smith</span> <span class="small muted"><br>• Use a comma to separate multiple people: J Smith, RL Jones, Macarthur</span> </div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <label for="chkAny" style="font-weight:normal;">Any :</label> <input id="chkAny" name="chkAnyAll" type="radio" value="any" checked="checked"/> <label for="chkAll" style="font-weight:normal;">All :</label> <input id="chkAll" name="chkAnyAll" type="radio" value="all"/> </div> </div> <div class="row space-top"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="avs-help avs-divider"> <a class="avs-help-link" data-action='slide-toggle' data-target='#avsHint1' href="#" title="Help Link">?</a> <div id="avsHint1" class="avs-help-message"> <strong>Tips for preparing a search:</strong> <ul> <li>Keep it simple - don't use too many different parameters.</li> <li>Separate search groups with parentheses and Booleans. Note the Boolean sign must be in upper-case. <ul> <li>Example: (diode OR solid-state) AND laser [search contains "diode" or "solid-state" and laser]</li> <li>Example: (photons AND downconversion) - pump [search contains both "photons" and "downconversion" but not "pump"]</li> </ul> </li> <li>Improve efficiency in your search by using wildcards.</li> <ul> <li>Asterisk ( * ) -- Example: "elect*" retrieves documents containing "electron," "electronic," and "electricity"</li> <li>Question mark (?) -- Example: "gr?y" retrieves documents containing "grey" or "gray"</li> </ul> <li>Use quotation marks " " around specific phrases where you want the entire phrase only.</li> <li>For best results, use the separate Authors field to search for author names.</li> <li>Author name searching: <ul> <li>Use these formats for best results: Smith or J Smith</li> <li>Use a comma to separate multiple people: J Smith, RL Jones, Macarthur</li> <li>Note: Author names will be searched in the keywords field, also, but that may find papers where the person is mentioned, rather than papers they authored.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12" style="font-weight:bold;"> SEARCH IN </div> </div> <div class="row space-top"> <div class="col-sm-2"> <input name="selectionChk" id="chkJournals" type="checkbox" class="checkbox" CHECKED> <span class="avs-inline-label-left"><label for="chkJournals" style="font-weight:normal;">Journals</label></span> </div> <div class="col-sm-7"> <div class="input-collapse"> <input id="advsJournalsSelector" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="All journals (type names or look up list)" aria-label="choose journals"> <div class="input-group-btn" name="journal"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle avs-modal-open" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-label="Expand"><span class="caret"></span></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 avs-tiny"> <div class="avs-tiny_field"> <label for="volSearch" style="font-weight:normal;">Vol. </label><input id="volSearch" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="All" /> </div> <div class="avs-tiny_field"> <label for="issueSearch" style="font-weight:normal;">Issue </label><input id="issueSearch" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="All" /> </div> <div class="avs-tiny_field"> <label for="pageSearch" style="font-weight:normal;">Page </label><input id="pageSearch" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="All" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row space-top-lg opg-search-only"> <div class="col-sm-2"> <input id="chkConferences" type="checkbox" class="checkbox" CHECKED> <span class="avs-inline-label-left"><label for="chkConferences" style="font-weight:normal;">Conferences</label></span> </div> <div class="col-sm-7"> <div class="input-collapse"> <input type="text" id="advsProceedingSelector" class="form-control" placeholder="All conferences (type names or look up list)" aria-label="choose conferences"> <div class="input-group-btn" name="proceeding"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle avs-modal-open" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-label="Expand"><span class="caret"></span></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 avs-tiny"> <div class="avs-tiny_field"> <label for="yearSearch" style="font-weight:normal;">Year </label><input id="yearSearch" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="All" /> </div> <div class="avs-tiny_field avs-tiny_field--expanded"> <label for="sessionPagerSearch" style="font-weight:normal;">Paper # </label><input id="sessionPagerSearch" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="All" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row space-top-lg opg-search-only"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <input id="chkReports" type="checkbox" class="checkbox" CHECKED> <span class="avs-inline-label-left"><label for="chkReports" style="font-weight:normal;">Industry Reports</label></span> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 avs-tiny"> <div class="avs-tiny_field avs-tiny_field--expanded"> <label for="reportYearSearch" style="font-weight:normal;">Report Year </label><input id="reportYearSearch" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="All" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row space-top"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="avs-help avs-divider"></div> </div> </div> <div class="row space-top"> <div class="col-sm-3" style="font-weight:bold;">PUBLICATION YEARS</div> <div class="col-sm-5"> <div class="form-inline"> <div class="form-group"> <span class="avs-inline-label-right"><label for="startYear" style="font-weight:normal;">From</label></span> <input id="startYear" type="text" class="form-control year-inline" placeholder="1917" maxlength="4"/> <span class="avs-inline-label-left avs-inline-label-right"><label for="endYear" style="font-weight:normal;">To</label></span> <input id="endYear" type="text" class="form-control year-inline" placeholder="2024" maxlength="4"/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-4"> <div><small class="muted">Enter only one date to search</small></div> <div><small class="muted">After ("From") or Before ("To")</small></div> </div> </div> <div class="row space-top"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="avs-help avs-divider"></div> </div> </div> <div class="avs_topics opg-search-only"> <div class="row space-top mbottom-10"> <div class="col-sm-3" style="font-weight:bold;">OPTICS & PHOTONICS TOPICS</div> <div class="col-sm-9 input-collapse avs_topics-search"> <a id="browsetopicsbutton" href="#" class="btn btn-default avs_topics-browse-btn purple-border">Browse All Topics</a> <input type="text" id="advsTopicsSelector" class="form-control avs_topics-search-field" placeholder="Search All Topics" aria-label="Search All Topics"><br/> </div> </div> <div class="row space-top selectedtopicsadv mbottom-10"> <div class="col-md-2"><small class="muted">Selected topics</small></div> <div class="col-md-10" id="advTopicsSelectedList"></div> </div> <div class="row selectedtopicsadv mbottom-10"> <div class="col-md-2"></div> <div class="col-md-10 muted"> <input id="chkAnyTopic" name="chkAnyAllTopic" type="radio" value="any" checked="checked"/> <label for="chkAnyTopic" style="font-weight:normal;">Find articles with <strong>any</strong> selected topics</label>   <input id="chkAllTopic" name="chkAnyAllTopic" type="radio" value="all"/> <label for="chkAllTopic" style="font-weight:normal;">Find articles with <strong>all</strong> selected topics</label> </div> </div> <div class="row hidden mbottom-20" id="pickTopicsBrowse"> <div class="col-md-12 mbottom-20 "> <strong>Browse All Topics</strong><br> Click the <svg class="selection-list_arrow"><use xlink:href="#right-arrow" /></svg> to reveal subtopics. Use the checkbox to select a topic to filter your search. </div> <div id="advBrowseTopics" class="col-md-12"> </div> </div> <div class="row space-top"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="avs-help avs-divider"> <a class="avs-help-link" data-action='slide-toggle' data-target='#avsHint2' href="#" title="Help Link">?</a> <div id="avsHint2" class="avs-help-message"> <strong>About Optics & Photonics Topics</strong> <br>Optica Publishing Group developed the Optics and Photonics Topics to help organize its diverse content more accurately by topic area. This topic browser contains over 2400 terms and is organized in a three-level hierarchy. <a href="/thesaurus/default.cfm" target="_blank">Read more.</a> <br><br>Topics can be refined further in the search results. The Topic facet will reveal the high-level topics associated with the articles returned in the search results. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row space-top opg-search-only"> <div class="col-sm-2" style="font-weight:bold;">SPECIAL COLLECTIONS</div> <div class="col-sm-5 input-collapse"> <input id="specialcollections_ee" name="specialcollections" type="checkbox" value="ee"/> <label class="avs-inline-label-left" for="specialcollections_ee">Energy and Environmental Optics Express</label><br/> <input id="specialcollections_el" name="specialcollections" type="checkbox" value="elnotes"/> <label class="avs-inline-label-left" for="specialcollections_el">Engineering and Laboratory Notes</label><br/> <input id="specialcollections_mem" name="specialcollections" type="checkbox" value="memorandum" /> <label for="specialcollections_mem" class="avs-inline-label-left">Memoranda</label><br /> <input id="specialcollections_op" name="specialcollections" type="checkbox" value="opinion" /> <label for="specialcollections_op" class="avs-inline-label-left">Opinions</label> </div> <div class="col-sm-5 input-collapse"> <input id="specialcollections_rev" name="specialcollections" type="checkbox" value="review-article" /> <label for="specialcollections_rev" class="avs-inline-label-left">Reviews</label><br /> <input id="specialcollections_spt" name="specialcollections" type="checkbox" value="spotlight"/> <label class="avs-inline-label-left" for="specialcollections_spt">Spotlight on Optics</label><br/> <input id="specialcollections_tut" name="specialcollections" type="checkbox" value="tutorial"/> <label class="avs-inline-label-left" for="specialcollections_tut">Tutorials</label><br/> <input id="specialcollections_ret" name="specialcollections" type="checkbox" value="retrospective"/> <label class="avs-inline-label-left" for="specialcollections_tut">Retrospectives</label> </div> </div> <div class="row space-top opg-search-only"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="avs-help avs-divider"></div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"><a id="clearFilters" href="#" class="btn btn-default purple-border">Clear my choices above</a></div> <div class="col-sm-6"><a id="cmdSearch" href="#" class="btn btn-primary pull-right"><strong class="fi-magnifying-glass"></strong>  Search</a></div> </div> </div> <div id="contentSearchOnly" class="content-search-only d-none"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-2 avs-label" style="font-weight:bold;">KEYWORDS</div> <div class="col-sm-8"> <input name="" id="contentSearch" type="text" placeholder="Enter search terms here" aria-label="Enter search terms here" /> </div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <button id="submitContent" class="btn btn-primary">Search</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <input type="hidden" name="origsearchstr" id="origsearchstr" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="facetsearchstr" id="facetsearchstr" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="facetavoidstr" id="facetavoidstr" value=""/> </form> </div> </div> <ul class="manage-user-acct nav navbar-nav d-flex flex-row"> <li class="nav-link pt-1"><a href="#" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#userLogin" id="loginModal" class="p__1--md">LOGIN</a></li> <li class="nav-link pt-1"><a href="https://prism.optica.org" class="p__1--md">SUBMIT</a></li> </ul> </div> <script> function closePopup() { $.get('/close_announcement.cfm', function() { $('.osap-maintenance-alert').alert('close'); }) } </script> <noscript> <div id="cookiePopup" class="maintenance-alert container cookie-alert"> <div class="alert alert-simple alert-dismissible fade in osap-maintenance-alert"> <p class="text-left"> This website uses cookies to deliver some of our products and services as well as for analytics and to provide you a more personalized experience. Click <a href="/info/cookies.cfm">here</a> to learn more. By continuing to use this site, you agree to our use of cookies. We've also updated our Privacy Notice. Click <a href="/info/privacy.cfm">here</a> to see what's new. </p> <a class="btn btn-primary" href="/close_cookie.cfm?redir=true" role="button" data-bs-dismiss="alert" aria-label="close" onclick="this.href='#'; $.get('/close_cookie.cfm');">Allow All Cookies</a> </div> </div> </noscript> <div id="cookiePopup" class="maintenance-alert container hidden cookie-alert"> <div class="alert alert-simple alert-dismissible fade in osap-maintenance-alert"> <p class="text-left"> This website uses cookies to deliver some of our products and services as well as for analytics and to provide you a more personalized experience. Click <a href="/info/cookies.cfm">here</a> to learn more. By continuing to use this site, you agree to our use of cookies. We've also updated our Privacy Notice. Click <a href="/info/privacy.cfm">here</a> to see what's new. </p> <a class="btn btn-primary" href="/close_cookie.cfm?redir=true" role="button" data-bs-dismiss="alert" aria-label="close" onclick="this.href='#'; $.get('/close_cookie.cfm');">Allow All Cookies</a> <button id="cookiePopupClose" class="close" data-bs-dismiss="alert" type="button" aria-label="close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div style="background-color: black;"> <header class="masthead container"> <div> <div> <div class="mobile-header"> <a class="skip-nav" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <div class="primary-branding col-sm-4 col-xs-7"> <a href="https://opg.optica.org" class="primary-brand"><img src="/images/Optica_logo_publishing_hz_rev_rgb.png" alt="Optica Publishing Group" /></a> </div> <div class="mobile-nav-toggle visible-xs col-xs-5"> <button type="button" class="mobile-nav-btn navbar-toggle" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#osaGlobalNav" aria-controls="osaGlobalNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <button type="button" class="mobile-search-btn navbar-toggle" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#mobile-search" aria-label="start search"> <span class="fal fa-search text-white"></span> </button> </div> </div> <div class="collapse" id="mobile-search"> <div class="header-search col-sm-9 col-xs-12 d-block d-md-none"> <div class="d-flex w-100"> <input id="topSearchTextMobile" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search" style="width:60%"> <div class="input-group-btn d-flex"> <div class="dropdown"> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-dropdown dropdown-toggle btn-topheader" type="button" id="dropdownMenuButton" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false"> <span id="dropdownTextMobile">All Publications</span> <span class="caret"></span> </button> <ul id="dropdownMobile" class="dropdown-menu z-index--1000" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton">  <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#" data-search-type="all">All Publications</a></li> <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#" data-search-type="site">Site Search</a></li> </ul> </div> <a id="topSearchMobile" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm"><span class="fal fa-search text-white"></span></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-nav-container col-lg-8 col-md-12"> <nav class="primary-site-nav collapse navbar-collapse" id="osaGlobalNav" aria-label="Osa Global Navigation"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-main d-sm-flex flex-sm-row" id="first-nav"> <li class="primary-site-nav__dropdown"> <a href="/about.cfm" class="dropdown-toggle hidden-xs navbar-main-header" id="select_journals">Journals </a> <a href="/about.cfm" class="dropdown-toggle visible-xs navbar-main-header" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" data-target="select_journals--mobile__menu" id="select_journals--mobile">Journals <span class="caret" style="color:#9475ff"></span></a> <div class="visible-xs"> <div id="select_journals--mobile__menu" class="dropdown-menu dropdown-one-col"> <ul> <li><a href="/aop">Advances in Optics and Photonics</a></li> <li><a href="/ao">Applied Optics</a></li> <li><a href="/as">Applied Spectroscopy</a></li> <li><a href="/boe">Biomedical Optics Express</a></li> <li><a href="/col">Chinese Optics Letters</a></li> <li><a href="/copp">Current Optics and Photonics</a></li> <li><a href="/jlt">Journal of Lightwave Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/jnirs">Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy</a></li> <li><a href="/jot">Journal of Optical Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/jocn">Journal of Optical Communications and Networking</a></li> <li><a href="/josaa">Journal of the Optical Society of America A</a></li> <li><a href="/josab">Journal of the Optical Society of America B</a></li> <li><a href="/optica">Optica</a></li> <li><a href="/opticaq">Optica Quantum</a></li> <li><a href="/ome">Optical Materials Express</a></li> <li><a href="/optcon">Optics Continuum</a></li> <li><a href="/oe">Optics Express</a></li> <li><a href="/ol">Optics Letters</a></li> <li><a href="/prj">Photonics Research</a></li> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt">Legacy Journals</span></li> <li><a href="/jdt">Journal of Display Technology (2005-2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/josk">Journal of the Optical Society of Korea (1997-2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/jon">Journal of Optical Networking (2002-2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/josa">Journal of the Optical Society of America (1917-1983)</a></li> <li><a href="/on">Optics News (1975-1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/osac">OSA Continuum (2018-2021)</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-two-col-lg dropdown-wide"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <ul> <li><a href="/aop">Advances in Optics and Photonics</a></li> <li><a href="/ao">Applied Optics</a></li> <li><a href="/as">Applied Spectroscopy</a></li> <li><a href="/boe">Biomedical Optics Express</a></li> <li><a href="/col">Chinese Optics Letters</a></li> <li><a href="/copp">Current Optics and Photonics</a></li> <li><a href="/jlt">Journal of Lightwave Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/jnirs">Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy</a></li> <li><a href="/jot">Journal of Optical Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/jocn">Journal of Optical Communications and Networking</a></li> <li><a href="/josaa">Journal of the Optical Society of America A</a></li> <li><a href="/josab">Journal of the Optical Society of America B</a></li> <li><a href="/optica">Optica</a></li> <li><a href="/opticaq">Optica Quantum</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <ul> <li><a href="/ome">Optical Materials Express</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.optica-opn.org/home/" target="_blank">Optics and Photonics News <span class="fal fa-external-link"></span></a></li> <li><a href="/optcon">Optics Continuum</a></li> <li><a href="/oe">Optics Express</a></li> <li><a href="/ol">Optics Letters</a></li> <li><a href="/prj">Photonics Research</a></li> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt">Legacy Journals</span></li> <li><a href="/jdt">Journal of Display Technology (2005-2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/josk">Journal of the Optical Society of Korea (1997-2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/jon">Journal of Optical Networking (2002-2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/josa">Journal of the Optical Society of America (1917-1983)</a></li> <li><a href="/on">Optics News (1975-1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/osac">OSA Continuum (2018-2021)</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="primary-site-nav__dropdown"> <a href="/conferences.cfm" class="dropdown-toggle navbar-main-header" id="select_proceedings">Conferences </a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-two-col-lg"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <ul> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt">Find Conferences</span></li> <li><a href="/conferences.cfm">By Year</a></li> <li><a href="/conferences.cfm?findby=conference">By Name</a></li> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt">Featured</span></li> <li><a href="/conference.cfm?meetingid=5">Optical Fiber Communication (OFC)</a></li> <li><a href="/conference.cfm?meetingid=124">Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)</a></li> <li><a href="/conference.cfm?meetingid=56">Frontiers in Optics (FiO)</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <ul> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt">Newly Published</span></li> <li><a href="/conference.cfm?meetingid=56&yr=2024">Frontiers in Optics</a></li> <li><a href="/conference.cfm?meetingid=69&yr=2024">Laser Science</a></li> <li><a href="/conference.cfm?meetingid=89&yr=2024">Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Pacific Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/conference.cfm?meetingid=7&yr=2024">Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Waveguides</a></li> <li><a href="/conference.cfm?meetingid=116&yr=2024">Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nanophotonics</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="primary-site-nav__dropdown"> <a href="https://opticapreprints.figshare.com/" class="dropdown-toggle navbar-main-header" id="select_proceedings">Preprints </a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-two-col-lg"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <ul> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt">Optica Open</span></li> <li><a href="https://opticapreprints.figshare.com/" target="_blank">View preprints</a></li> <li><a href="https://opticaopen.org" target="_blank">Submit preprint</a></li> <li><a href="https://opticaopen.org/Home/Guidelines" target="_blank">Author instructions</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <ul> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt"></span></li> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt"></span></li> <li><a href="https://opticaopen.org/Home/About" target="_blank">About</a></li> <li><a href="https://opticaopen.org/Home/FAQ" target="_blank">FAQ</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="primary-site-nav__dropdown hidden-xs"> <a href="#global-nav" class="dropdown-toggle navbar-main-header" id="select_other_resources">Other Resources </a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-two-col-lg"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <ul> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt">Information For</span></li> <li><a href="/content/author/">Authors</a></li> <li><a href="/content/reviewer/">Reviewers</a></li> <li><a href="/library/">Librarians</a></li> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt">Products and Services</span></li> <li><a href="/info/osadigitalarchive.cfm">Digital Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/content/collection/page/item/isp/">Interactive Science Publishing (ISP)</a></li> <li><a href="https://opticapreprints.figshare.com/" target="_blank">Optica Open <span class="fal fa-external-link"></span></a></li> <li><a href="/info/opticsimagebank.cfm">Optics ImageBank</a></li> <li><a href="/thesaurus/default.cfm">Optics and Photonics Topics</a></li> <li><a href="/spotlight">Spotlight on Optics</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <ul> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt">Publications</span></li> <li><a href="/books/">Bookshelf</a></li> <li><a href="/collections/special-collections.cfm">Special Collections</a></li> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt">Regional Content</span></li> <li><a href="/content/newsItem/list/section/prj/">On The Cover: Photonics Research</a></li> <li><a href="/content/newsItem/list/section/col/">Spotlight: Chinese Optics Letters</a></li> <li class="nav-link-heading"><span class="nav-link-heading-txt">Open Access Information</span></li> <li><a href="/content/author/portal/item/review-open-access-policy-stat/">Open Access Statement and Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/library/license_v2.cfm">Terms for Journal Article Reuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right navbar-secondary d-sm-flex flex-sm-row" id="second-nav"> <li class="primary-site-nav__dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle navbar-secondary-header" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" id="my_favorites">My Favorites </a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-one-col"> <ul> <li><a href="/user">Go to My Account</a></li> <li><a href="#" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#userLogin">Login to access favorites</a></li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="primary-site-nav__dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle navbar-secondary-header" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" id="recent_pages">Recent Pages </a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-one-col"> <ul class="recent-page-list"> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg manage-user-acct--mobile"> <li class="nav-link"><a href="#" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#userLogin" id="loginModal"><img src="/images/icons/icon-my-account.png" alt="my account"> LOGIN <span class="muted">OR</span> CREATE ACCOUNT</a> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </header> </div> <nav class="nav-bar-siblings container small"> <a class="secondary-smallnav-item_link" href="/ol/home.cfm">Journal Home</a> <a class="secondary-smallnav-item_link" href="/ol/journal/ol/about.cfm">About</a> <a class="secondary-smallnav-item_link" href="/ol/upcomingissue.cfm">Issues in Progress</a> <a class="secondary-smallnav-item_link" href="/ol/issue.cfm">Current Issue</a> <a class="secondary-smallnav-item_link" href="/ol/browse.cfm">All Issues</a> <a class="secondary-smallnav-item_link" href="/ol/upcoming.cfm">Early Posting</a> </nav> <div role="main" class="container content" id="articleContainer" style="padding-top:1em;"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="article-parents"> <ul class="small list-inline article-journal-name"> <li><strong>Optics Letters</strong></li> <li>Vol. 32,</li> <li><a href="/ol/issue.cfm?volume=32&issue=9">Issue 9</a>,</li> <li>pp. 1153-1155</li> <li>(2007)</li> <li class="article-doi"><span class="separator-disc">•</span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.32.001153">https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.32.001153</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="article-header"> <div class="col-md-12 col-sm-12 pl-0"> <div class="col-md-2 col-sm-2 article-header__image p-0" style=""> <div class="w-100 text--left"> <div class="p-0 text--center" style="border:1px solid #ddd;"> <img src="/images/optica_general_thumbnail.jpg" width="168" height="170" alt="Optica Article" class="img-thumbnail hidden-xs article-thumbnail_img jcover"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-10 col-sm-10 pl-4 mb-1" style=""> <h1 class="article-title"> Edge-emitting photonic crystal double-heterostructure nanocavity lasers with InAs quantum dot active material </h1> <p class="article-authors"> Tian Yang, Adam Mock, John D. O鈥橞rien, Samuel Lipson, and Dennis G. Deppe </p> <div> <div class="btn-group article-affiliations-dropdown dropdown hidden-xs mr-2"> <a data-bs-toggle="dropdown" id="author-affiliations-dropdown"> Author Information <span class="caret"></span> </a> <div id="authorAffiliations" class="article-author-affiliations dropdown-menu"> <h5>Author Affiliations</h5> <p><strong> Tian Yang,<sup>1</sup> Adam Mock,<sup>1</sup> John D. O鈥橞rien,<sup>1</sup> Samuel Lipson,<sup>2</sup> and Dennis G. Deppe<sup>3</sup> </strong></p> <p><em> <sup>1</sup>Department of Electrical Engineering鈥揈lectrophysics, University of Southern California, 3737 Watt Way, PHE 614, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA </em></p> <p><em> <sup>2</sup>Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, USA </em></p> <p><em> <sup>3</sup>College of Optics & Photonics: CREOL & FPCE, University of Central Florida, CREOL 169, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA </em></p> </div> </div> <div class="btn-group hidden-xs hidden-sm"> <a data-bs-toggle="dropdown" id="search-by-author-dropdown"> <i class="fal fa-search p__1--sm"></i> Find other works by these authors <span class="caret"></span> </a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" id="search-by-author"> <li><a href="search.cfm?a=T Yang">T Yang</a></li> <li><a href="search.cfm?a=A Mock">A Mock</a></li> <li><a href="search.cfm?a=J O鈥橞rien">J O鈥橞rien</a></li> <li><a href="search.cfm?a=S Lipson">S Lipson</a></li> <li><a href="search.cfm?a=D Deppe">D Deppe</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 pr-0"> <div class="col-md-2 pr-0 pl-0"> <a name="scrollUp"></a> <div class="access-permissions inaccessible" style="margin-left:-20px;"> <strong> Not Accessible</strong> <p class="muted">Your library or personal account may give you access</p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-10 pr-0" style="margin-left:-6px;"> <div class="abstract-tools-header"> <div class="article-tools d-lg-flex"> <ul class="tool-list-one"> <li class="pdf-download"><a href="viewmedia.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1153&seq=0" target="_blank" aria-label="Pdf icon"><i class="fal fa-file-pdf"></i><span class="hidden-xs"><br>Get PDF</span></a></li> <li><a href="mailto:?subject=Article Published in Optics Letters&body=I would like to notify you about the following article published in Optics Letters:%0ATian Yang, Adam Mock, John D. O'Brien, Samuel Lipson, and Dennis G. Deppe, "Edge-emitting photonic crystal double-heterostructure nanocavity lasers with InAs quantum dot active material," Opt. Lett. 32, 1153-1155 (2007)%0Ahttps://opg.optica.org/ol/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-32-9-1153%0A---------------------------------------------------------------------------%0AThis is sent to you as an email notification feature from Optica Publishing Group: https://opg.optica.org" aria-label="Mail icon"><i class="fal fa-envelope"></i><span class="hidden-xs"><br>Email</span></a></li> <li class="dropdown js-article-dropdown"> <a class="dropdown-toggle js-article-dropdown-toggle" aria-label="Share icon"><i class="fal fa-share-alt"></i><span class="hidden-xs"><br>Share <span class="caret"></span></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu list-unstyled"> <li><a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fopg%2Eoptica%2Eorg%2Fol%2Fabstract%2Ecfm%3Furi%3Dol%2D32%2D9%2D1153" class="sharefacebook" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-facebook-f mr-1" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Share with Facebook</a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Reading this OL article %23OSA_OL https%3A%2F%2Fopg%2Eoptica%2Eorg%2Fol%2Fabstract%2Ecfm%3Furi%3Dol%2D32%2D9%2D1153" class="sharetwitter" target="_blank"><i class="icon-x mr-1" style="font-size: 24px;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color:#ffffff;"><strong>X</strong></i>Share on X</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Fopg%2Eoptica%2Eorg%2Fol%2Fabstract%2Ecfm%3Furi%3Dol%2D32%2D9%2D1153" class="sharereddit" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-reddit-alien mr-1" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Post on reddit</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/cws/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fopg%2Eoptica%2Eorg%2Fol%2Fabstract%2Ecfm%3Furi%3Dol%2D32%2D9%2D1153" class="sharelinkedin" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-linkedin mr-1" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Share with LinkedIn</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.mendeley.com/import/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fopg%2Eoptica%2Eorg%2Fol%2Fabstract%2Ecfm%3Furi%3Dol%2D32%2D9%2D1153" class="sharemendeley" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-mendeley mr-1" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Add to Mendeley</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.bibsonomy.org/ShowBookmarkEntry?c=b&jump=yes&url=https%3A%2F%2Fopg%2Eoptica%2Eorg%2Fol%2Fabstract%2Ecfm%3Furi%3Dol%2D32%2D9%2D1153" class="sharebibsonomy" target="_blank"><img src="/images/bibsonomy-icon.png" alt="Add to BibSonomy" title="BibSonomy" class="share-icon">Add to BibSonomy</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/wechat?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fopg%2Eoptica%2Eorg%2Fol%2Fabstract%2Ecfm%3Furi%3Dol%2D32%2D9%2D1153&linkname=ol-32-9-1153" class="sharewechat" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-weixin mr-1" style="color: #ffffff;"></i>Share with WeChat</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="get-citation dropdown js-article-dropdown"> <a id="getCitation__toggle" class="dropdown-toggle js-article-dropdown-toggle"> <i class="fal fa-quote-right"></i><span class="hidden-xs"><br>Get Citation</span> <span class="caret"></span> </a> <div id="getCitation" class="get-citation-content dropdown-menu"> <strong>Copy Citation Text</strong> <div class="citation-text"> Tian Yang, Adam Mock, John D. O'Brien, Samuel Lipson, and Dennis G. Deppe, "Edge-emitting photonic crystal double-heterostructure nanocavity lasers with InAs quantum dot active material," Opt. Lett. <b>32</b>, 1153-1155 (2007) </div> <form name="articlesForm" id="articlesForm" method="post" action="" style="display: inline"> <input type="hidden" name="articles" value="131845"> <input type="hidden" name="ArticleAction" value=""></form> <strong>Export Citation</strong> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li><a href="#" onclick="checkboxActions('export_bibtex'); return false;">BibTex</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick="checkboxActions('export_endnote'); return false;">Endnote (RIS)</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick="checkboxActions('export_html'); return false;">HTML</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick="checkboxActions('export_txt'); return false;">Plain Text</a></li> </ul> </div> </li> <li><a href="#" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#userLogin" aria-label="Warning icon"><i class="fal fa-engine-warning"></i><span class="hidden-xs"><br>Citation alert</span></a></li> <li><a href="/user/favorites_add_article.cfm?articles=131845" target="_blank" aria-label="Save icon"><i class="fal fa-folder-upload"></i><span class="hidden-xs"><br>Save article</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="d-flex justify-content-end"> <a class="text--center p__1--sm" data-target="crossmark"><img width="24" class="mb-0" src="https://crossmark-cdn.crossref.org/widget/v2.0/logos/CROSSMARK_BW_square_no_text.svg" alt="check crossmark updates"><br>Check for updates</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a id="content" class="hidden"></a> <div class="row">  <div class="col-sm-3 col-sm-push-9 article-secondary"> <div class="sidebar-nav hidden-xs"> <ul class="right-nav"> <li class="sub-list"> <input type="checkbox" class="osap-accordion__toggle" id="toggle-relatedTopics" autocomplete="off"> <label for="toggle-relatedTopics" class="osap-accordion__label right-nav__label">Related Topics<i class="far osap-accordion__chevron"></i></label> <div id="relatedTopics" class="osap-accordion__content"> <em>Table of Contents Category</em> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li>Optical Devices</li> </ul> <br> <div id="topicsHelp" class="get-citation dropdown"> <em>Optics & Photonics Topics</em> <div class="advanced-search-popup advanced-search-popup--article"><a id="topicsHelp__toggle" class="topicsHelp__toggle" title="Help Link">?</a></div> <div class="get-citation-content dropdown-menu"> <span class="small">The topics in this list come from the <a href="/thesaurus/default.cfm" target="_blank">Optics and Photonics Topics</a> applied to this article.</span> </div> </div> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li><a class="js-relatedTopicLink" href="search.cfm?t=Lasers and laser optics|Lasers|Distributed feedback lasers">Distributed feedback lasers</a></li> <li><a class="js-relatedTopicLink" href="search.cfm?t=Lasers and laser optics|Lasers|Laser crystals">Laser crystals</a></li> <li><a class="js-relatedTopicLink" href="search.cfm?t=Materials|Crystalline materials|Photonic crystal cavities">Photonic crystal cavities</a></li> <li><a class="js-relatedTopicLink" href="search.cfm?t=Optical design and fabrication|Optical components|Photonic crystal waveguides">Photonic crystal waveguides</a></li> <li><a class="js-relatedTopicLink" href="search.cfm?t=Materials|Crystalline materials|Photonic crystals">Photonic crystals</a></li> <li><a class="js-relatedTopicLink" href="search.cfm?t=Lasers and laser optics|Lasers|Quantum dot lasers">Quantum dot lasers</a></li> </ul> <br> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class="right-nav"> <li class="sub-list"> <input type="checkbox" class="osap-accordion__toggle" id="toggle-aboutArticle" autocomplete="off"> <label for="toggle-aboutArticle" class="osap-accordion__label right-nav__label">About this Article<i class="far osap-accordion__chevron"></i></label> <div id="aboutThisArticle" class="osap-accordion__content"> <em>History</em> <ul class="list-unstyled small"> <li>Original Manuscript: September 22, 2006</li> <li>Revised Manuscript: January 3, 2007</li> <li>Manuscript Accepted: January 15, 2007</li> <li>Published: April 3, 2007</li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="referenceInfo" class="reference-info">  </div> </div>  <div class="col-sm-9 col-sm-pull-3"> <div class="row">  <div class="article-sidebar col-md-3"> <a style="color:white" href="viewmedia.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1153&seq=0" target="_blank" id="link-pdf"><button type="submit" class="btn btn-getpdf btn-sm" style="margin:2px 0px 1em 0px;width:100%;text-align:left;font-weight:600;">PDF Article</button></a> <div id="articleNav" class="article-nav sub-page-nav"> <ul class="sidebar-nav-list" data-action="change-section" data-target="articleBody"> <li class="sidebar-nav-i"><a href="#Abstract" onclick="scrollToAnchor('scrollUp');" class="sidebar-nav-link">Abstract</a></li> <li class="sidebar-nav-i"><a href="viewmedia.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1153&seq=0&html=true" class="sidebar-nav-link">Full Article</a></li> </ul> <ul class="sidebar-nav-list navextras"> <li class="sidebar-nav-i"><a id="figurestablink" href="#articleFigures" onclick="scrollToAnchor('scrollUp');" class="sidebar-nav-link" data-action="change-section" data-target="articleFigures">Figures (<span class="sidebar-hlight">4</span>)</a></li> <li class="sidebar-nav-i"> <a href="#articleReferences" id="articleNavRefLink" onclick="scrollToAnchor('scrollUp');" class="sidebar-nav-link" data-action="change-section" data-target="articleReferences" data-article-id="131845"> References (<span class="sidebar-hlight">12</span>) </a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav-i"> <a href="#articleCitations" onclick="scrollToAnchor('scrollUp');" id="articleNavCitationLink" class="sidebar-nav-link" data-article-id="131845" data-action="change-section" data-target="articleCitations"> Cited By <span id="numrefs">(<span class="sidebar-hlight">21</span>)</span> </a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav-i"><a href="#articleMetrics" id="articleNavMetricsLink" class="sidebar-nav-link" data-action="change-section" data-target="articleMetrics" data-article-id="131845">Metrics</a></li> <li class="sidebar-nav-i"><a href="#top" class="sidebar-nav__top-link">Back to Top</a></li> </ul> </div> </div>  <div class="main-content col-md-9"> <div id="articleBody" class="article-section page-section active"> <h2 class="article-heading" id="Abstract">Abstract</h2> <p><p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">We report what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of an edge-emitting photonic crystal nanocavity laser that is integrated with a photonic crystal waveguide. This demonstration is achieved with a double-heterostructure photonic crystal nanocavity incorporating an InAs quantum dot active region.</p></p> <p>漏 2007 Optical Society of America</p> <a href="viewmedia.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1153&seq=0&html=true" id="link-full">Full Article</a>  |  <a href="viewmedia.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1153&seq=0" target="_blank" id="link-pdf">PDF Article</a> <hr style="margin-top:5em;"> <strong>More Like This</strong> <div class="content-item media-twbs"> <div class="media-twbs-left"> <img class="media-object" src="/getThumbnail.cfm?uri=oe-17-9-7036&o=y" width="50" height="50" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"> </div> <div class="media-twbs-body"> <a class="js-relatedArticleLink" href="/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-17-9-7036">Room temperature continuous wave operation of InAs/GaAs quantum dot photonic crystal nanocavity laser on silicon substrate</a> <p>Katsuaki Tanabe, Masahiro Nomura, Denis Guimard, Satoshi Iwamoto, and Yasuhiko Arakawa<br> <span class="muted">Opt. Express <strong>17</strong>(9) 7036-7042 (2009)</span></p> </div> </div> <div class="content-item media-twbs"> <div class="media-twbs-left"> <img class="media-object" src="/getThumbnail.cfm?uri=oe-15-12-7281&o=y" width="50" height="50" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"> </div> <div class="media-twbs-body"> <a class="js-relatedArticleLink" href="/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-15-12-7281">Lasing characteristics of InAs quantum dot microcavity lasers as a function of temperature and wavelength</a> <p>Tian Yang, Adam Mock, John D. O鈥橞rien, Samuel Lipson, and Dennis G. Deppe<br> <span class="muted">Opt. Express <strong>15</strong>(12) 7281-7289 (2007)</span></p> </div> </div> <div class="content-item media-twbs"> <div class="media-twbs-left"> <img class="media-object" src="/getThumbnail.cfm?uri=ol-34-17-2646&o=y" width="50" height="50" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"> </div> <div class="media-twbs-body"> <a class="js-relatedArticleLink" href="/ol/abstract.cfm?uri=ol-34-17-2646">High-peak-power efficient edge-emitting photonic crystal nanocavity lasers</a> <p>Ling Lu, Adam Mock, Eui Hyun Hwang, John O'Brien, and P. Daniel Dapkus<br> <span class="muted">Opt. Lett. <strong>34</strong>(17) 2646-2648 (2009)</span></p> </div> </div> <div class="content-item media-twbs-body relatedmorelink" style="text-align:center"> <a href"#" onclick="$('.relatedmore').show(); $('.relatedmorelink').hide(); return false;">View More...</a> </div> <div class="relatedmore" style="display:none"> <div class="content-item media-twbs"> <div class="media-twbs-left"> <img class="media-object" src="/getThumbnail.cfm?uri=oe-17-18-15975&o=y" width="50" height="50" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"> </div> <div class="media-twbs-body"> <a class="js-relatedArticleLink" href="/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-17-18-15975">Photonic crystal nanocavity laser with a single quantum dot gain</a> <p>Masahiro Nomura, Naoto Kumagai, Satoshi Iwamoto, Yasutomo Ota, and Yasuhiko Arakawa<br> <span class="muted">Opt. Express <strong>17</strong>(18) 15975-15982 (2009)</span></p> </div> </div> <div class="content-item media-twbs"> <div class="media-twbs-left"> <img class="media-object" src="/getThumbnail.cfm?uri=oe-16-8-5199&o=y" width="50" height="50" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"> </div> <div class="media-twbs-body"> <a class="js-relatedArticleLink" href="/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-16-8-5199">Quality factor control and lasing characteristics of InAs/InGaAs quantum dots embedded in photonic-crystal nanocavities</a> <p>T. Tawara, H. Kamada, Y. -H. Zhang, T. Tanabe, N. I. Cade, D. Ding, S. R. Johnson, H. Gotoh, E. Kuramochi, M. Notomi, and T. Sogawa<br> <span class="muted">Opt. Express <strong>16</strong>(8) 5199-5205 (2008)</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div style="width:100%; padding: 40px 0px 0px 0px;"> <a href="abstract.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1150" class="ft-article-prev"><i class="fal fa-caret-left"></i> Previous Article</a> <a href="abstract.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1156" class="ft-article-next">Next Article <i class="fal fa-caret-right"></i></a> </div> </div> <div id="articleReferences" class="article-section page-section small"> <div id="refsList"></div> </div> <div id="articleCitations" class="article-section page-section small"> <h3 class="article-heading">Cited By</h3> <p>You do not have subscription access to this journal. Cited by links are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution. <p>Contact your librarian or system administrator <br>or<br> <a href="#" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#userLogin">Login to access Optica Member Subscription</a> </p> </div> <div id="articleFigures" class="article-section page-section media-section "> <h3 class="article-heading">Figures (4)</h3> <p>You do not have subscription access to this journal. Figure files are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution. <p>Contact your librarian or system administrator <br>or<br> <a href="#" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#userLogin">Login to access Optica Member Subscription</a> </p> </div> <div id="articleMetrics" class="article-section page-section small"> <div id="metricsData"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg secondary-navigation--footer"> <div style="padding: 5px 0px 0px 0px;"> <div class="journal-nav-item hidden-md hidden-lg hidden-sm"> <div class="mobile-journal-header p-0"> <a href="/ol/home.cfm"><h1>Optics Letters</h1> <p class="primary-editors">Miguel Alonso, Editor-in-Chief</p></a> </div> </div> <div class="journal-nav-item hidden-xs "> <a class="secondary-nav-item_link" href="/ol/home.cfm">Journal Home</a> </div> <div class="journal-nav-item "> <a class="secondary-nav-item_link" href="/ol/journal/ol/about.cfm">About</a> </div> <div class="journal-nav-item "> <a class="secondary-nav-item_link" href="/ol/upcomingissue.cfm">Issues in Progress</a> </div> <div class="journal-nav-item "> <a class="secondary-nav-item_link" href="/ol/issue.cfm">Current Issue</a> </div> <div class="journal-nav-item "> <a class="secondary-nav-item_link" href="/ol/browse.cfm">All Issues</a> </div> <div class="journal-nav-item "> <a class="secondary-nav-item_link" href="/ol/upcoming.cfm">Early Posting</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/Javascript"> function alertconfirmed() { // Send ajax to confirm document.getElementById('confirmAlertButton').disabled = 'disabled'; $.ajax({ cache: false, type: "GET", url: "set_citation_alert.cfm?uri=ol-32-9-1153&confirmalert=true" }).done(function( ajxretmsg ) { if (ajxretmsg == "1") { document.getElementById('alertConfirmArea').innerHTML = '<strong>Your alert has been set!</strong><br><br><input type="button" name="closeEmail" data-bs-dismiss="modal" value="Close">'; } else { document.getElementById('alertConfirmArea').innerHTML = 'There was an error setting your alert. Please try again later.<br><br><input type="button" name="closeEmail" data-bs-dismiss="modal" value="Close">'; } }); } </script> <div class="modal fade" id="setCitationModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="setCitationLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog login-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> <h4 class="modal-title" id="setCitationLabel">Confirm Citation Alert</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> Please <a data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#userLogin">login</a> to set citation alerts. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="modal fade" id="mathJaxHelp" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="mathJaxHelp" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog login-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> MathJax Help </div> <div class="modal-body"> Equations displayed with <a href="http://www.mathjax.org" target="_blank">MathJax</a>. Right click equation to reveal menu options. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div></div> <div id="formErrors" class="modal fade" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> <h4 class="modal-title">Field Error</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p id="formErrorsText"></p> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button class="btn btn-primary" data-dismiss="modal">Ok</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="avsModal" class="avs-modal"> <div id="avsModalContent" class="avs-modal-content"> <strong>Select <span id="titleFiltersPopup"></span> as filters</strong> <hr> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8"> <div class="input-collapse"> <input id="input-popup-selectize" type="text" class="form-control selectized" placeholder="(type names or look up list)" tabindex="-1" aria-label="type names or look up list"/> <div class="selectize-control form-control multi"></div> </div> </div> </div> <hr> <ul id="checkBoxList"></ul> <hr> <span id="avsModalSubmit" class="btn btn-primary">Select Topics</span> <span id="avsModalClose" class="cancel"> Cancel</span> </div> </div> <footer><div class="container ft-links"><a id="global-nav"></a> <nav aria-label="Back to top"><div class="top-button"><a href="#" style="color:white;"><span class="fi-arrow-up"> Top </span></a></div></nav> <div class="col-sm-3"> <ul class="ft-links-list"> <li><a href="/">Publishing Home</a></li> <li><a href="/about.cfm">Journals</a></li> <li><a href="/conferences.cfm">Conferences</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" href="https://opticapreprints.figshare.com/">Preprints (Optica Open) <span class="fal fa-external-link"></span></a></li> </ul> <ul class="ft-links-list"> <li class="ft-links-header">Information for</li> <li><a href="/content/author/">Authors</a></li> <li><a href="/content/reviewer/">Reviewers</a></li> <li><a href="/library/">Librarians</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <ul class="ft-links-list"> <li class="ft-links-header">Open Access Information</li> <li><a href="/content/author/portal/item/review-open-access-policy-stat/">Open Access Statement and Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/library/license_v2.cfm">Terms for Journal Article Reuse</a></li> </ul> <ul class="ft-links-list"> <li class="ft-links-header">Other Resources</li> <li><a target="_blank" href="https://opticapreprints.figshare.com/" >Optica Open <span class="fal fa-external-link"></span></a></li> <li><a href="/books/default.cfm">Optica Publishing Group Bookshelf</a></li> <li><a href="/info/opticsimagebank.cfm">Optics ImageBank</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.optica-opn.org/home/" target="_blank">Optics & Photonics News <span class="fal fa-external-link"></span></a></li> <li><a href="/spotlight/">Spotlight on Optics</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.optica.org">Optica Home</a></li> </ul>  </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <ul class="ft-links-list"> <li class="ft-links-header">About</li>   <li><a href="/about.cfm">About Optica Publishing Group</a></li> <li><a href="/info/benefitslog.cfm">About My Account</a></li> <li><a href="/user/toc_alerts_subscribe.cfm">Sign up for Alerts</a></li> <li><a href="/info/contactus.cfm">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick="popUpWindow('/submitFeedback.cfm?url='+escape(document.location.href),700,490); return false;">Send Us Feedback</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right navbar-ft hidden-sm hidden-xs d-flex flex-row"> <li class="dropdown" style="border:1px solid #6c6c6c; margin-right: 10px;"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle navbar-ft-header" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">My Favorites <strong class="caret"></strong></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu up"> <li><a href="/user">Go to My Account</a></li> <li><a href="#" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#userLogin">Login to access favorites</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown" style="border:1px solid #6c6c6c;"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle navbar-ft-header" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">Recent Pages <strong class="caret"></strong></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu up recent-page-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3 col-md-offset-9 text-right" style="margin-top:-40px;"> <a class="ft-links-header purple-hover" href="https://www.twitter.com/OpticaPubsGroup" target="_blank" aria-label="Follow @OpticaPubsGroup on Twitter"> <span class="fab fa-2x fa-square-x-twitter"> </span> </a> <a class="ft-links-header purple-hover" href="https://www.facebook.com/OpticaWorldwide" target="_blank" aria-label="Follow us on Facebook"> <span class="fab fa-2x fa-facebook-square"> </span> </a> <a class="ft-links-header purple-hover" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/optica-worldwide/" target="_blank" aria-label="Follow us on LinkedIn"> <span class="fab fa-2x fa-linkedin"> </span> </a> <a class="ft-links-header purple-hover" href="/toc_alerts_subscribe.cfm" target="_blank" aria-label="RSS Alerts"> <span class="fas fa-2x fa-rss-square"> </span> </a> </div> </div></div> <div class="ft-bottom"> <div class="container"> <div class="col-sm-10"> © Copyright 2024 | Optica Publishing Group. All rights reserved, including rights for text and data mining and training of artificial technologies or similar technologies. </div> <div class="col-sm-2 ft-right"> <a class="footer-link" href="/info/privacy.cfm">Privacy</a> | <a class="footer-link" href="/info/termsofuse.cfm">Terms of Use</a> </div> </div> </div></footer> <div class="modal fade" id="userLogin" aria-hidden="true" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog login-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header flex-row-reverse"> <button type="button" class="close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">×</button> <h4 class="modal-title">Login or <a href="https://account.optica.org/eweb/dynamicpage.aspx?sso=1&site=osac&webcode=loginrequired&url_success=https%3A%2F%2Fopg%2Eoptica%2Eorg%2Fol%2Fabstract%2Ecfm%3Frwjcode%3Dol%26uri%3Dol%2D32%2D9%2D1153%26usertoken%3D%7Btoken%7D">Create Account</a></h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <form class="form-horizontal" role="form"> <div class="alert alert-danger loginErr"></div> <div class="alert alert-warning loginLoading">Please wait...</div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="inputEmail" class="col-sm-2 control-label">Email</label> <div class="col-sm-10"> <input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail" placeholder="Email" autofocus> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="inputPassword" class="col-sm-2 control-label">Password</label> <div class="col-sm-10"> <input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword" placeholder="Password"> <span class="help-block"><a href="https://account.optica.org/eweb/Dynamicpage.aspx?webcode=forgotpassword&Site=osac">Forgot your password?</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10"> <div class="checkbox"> <label> <input type="checkbox" id="rememberme"> Remember me on this computer </label> </div> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" id="loginButton">Login</button> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default" data-bs-dismiss="modal" data-bs-target="#userLogin">Cancel</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <div class="col-xs-12" style="text-align: left"><a href="https://auth.optica.org/connect/authorize?client_id=osap&response_type=id_token token&scope=openid email profile affiliation&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fopg%2Eoptica%2Eorg%2Fdefault%2Ecfm&state=295755C4-4596-41B8-92A2287BD1EB9104|https%3A%2F%2Fopg%2Eoptica%2Eorg%2Fabstract%2Ecfm%3Frwjcode%3Dol%26uri%3Dol%2D32%2D9%2D1153&nonce=295755C4-4596-41B8-92A2287BD1EB9104&acr_values=idp:oa&response_mode=form_post">Institutional Login</a> (Optica Publishing Group participates in eduGAIN)</div> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <div class="col-xs-12" style="text-align: left"><a href="https://auth.optica.org/connect/authorize?client_id=osap&response_type=id_token token&scope=openid email profile affiliation&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fopg%2Eoptica%2Eorg%2Fdefault%2Ecfm&state=295755C4-4596-41B8-92A2287BD1EB9104|https%3A%2F%2Fopg%2Eoptica%2Eorg%2Fabstract%2Ecfm%3Frwjcode%3Dol%26uri%3Dol%2D32%2D9%2D1153&nonce=295755C4-4596-41B8-92A2287BD1EB9104&acr_values=idp:oa&response_mode=form_post">China CARSI Member Access</a></div> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <div class="col-xs-12" style="text-align: left"><a href="/openathens.cfm?entity=https%3A%2F%2Fpassport.escience.cn%2Fidp%2Fshibboleth">China CAoS Member Access</a></div> </div> <div class="modal-footer flex-nowrap"> <div class="col-xs-6" style="text-align: left"><a href="/info/privacy.cfm">Privacy Policy</a></div> <div class="col-xs-6"><a href="https://www.optica.org/help/">Need help?</a> <i class="fal fa-info-circle"></i></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ MathML: { // fixing some spacing issues by forcing it to use the MathML spacing instead of TeX useMathMLspacing: true }, // workaround for MathZoom overflow issues. MathZoom: { styles: { "#MathJax_Zoom": { overflow: "auto !important" } } }, CommonHTML: { mtextFontInherit: true, linebreaks: { automatic: true } }, displayAlign: "center", "HTML-CSS": { linebreaks: { automatic: true }, availableFonts: ["Gyre-Pagella"], preferredFont: "Gyre-Pagella", webFont: "Gyre-Pagella", mtextFontInherit: true, scale: 85, noReflows: false }, SVG: { linebreaks: { automatic: true } , font: "Gyre-Pagella", mtextFontInherit: true }, menuSettings: { zoom: "Click", zscale: "200%" }, //testing MatchWebFonts extension MatchWebFonts: { matchFor: { "HTML-CSS": true, NativeMML: true, SVG: true } }, tex2jax: {inlineMath: [["$","$"],["\$","\$"]], processEscapes: true}, extensions: ["toMathML.js"], TeX: {extensions:["autoload-all.js","mediawiki-texvc.js"], Macros: {scalebox:[ "{ }", 1],resizebox:[ "{ }", 1],vskip:[ "{ }", 1], noalign:[ "{ }", 1]}} }); // end intitial config MathJax.Hub.Register.StartupHook("End Jax", function() { var browser = MathJax.Hub.Browser; var versionNumberStart = browser.version.substring(0, browser.version.indexOf(".")); if (browser.isSafari && (versionNumberStart === "5")) { console.log("Safari 5.x detected, rerendering in CommonHTML"); jax = "CommonHTML"; MathJax.Hub.setRenderer(jax); } }); MathJax.Hub.Register.StartupHook("MathML Jax Ready",function () { var MATHML = MathJax.InputJax.MathML, MML = MathJax.ElementJax.mml; var MAKEMML = MATHML.Parse.prototype.MakeMML; MATHML.Parse.Augment({ MakeMML: function (node) { // // Convert to MathJax internal format // var mml = MAKEMML.call(this,node); // // If it is an <mi> with text ending in a combining character // create an <mover> element with the original <mi> text // and an <mo> containing the combining character. // if (mml.isa(MML.mi)) { var text = mml.data.join(""); if (text.length > 1) { var c = text.charCodeAt(text.length-1); if ((c >= 0x300 && c < 0x360) || (c >= 0x20D0 && c < 0x2100)) { mml = MML.mover( MML.mi(text.substr(0,text.length-1)), MML.mo(text.charAt(text.length-1)) ); } } } return mml; } }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.2/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.7.1.js" integrity="sha256-eKhayi8LEQwp4NKxN+CfCh+3qOVUtJn3QNZ0TciWLP4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="/js/vendor/jquery.autocomplete.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/vendor/selectize.js?v=11102021"></script> <script src="/js/vendor/selectize.custom.js"></script> <script src="/js/vendor/sly.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/jquery.tinysort.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/app.js?v=11252024"></script> <script src="/js/recentPages.js?v=11102021"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/purify.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha384-MrcW6ZMFYlzcLA8Nl+NtUVF0sA7MsXsP1UyJoMp4YLEuNSfAP+JcXn/tWtIaxVXM" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="/js/quickpager.jquery.js"></script> <script src="/js/jquery.unveil.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.tokeninput.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.base64.js"></script> <script src="/js/search.js?v=02082023"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/underscore.js"></script> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/ui/1.13.2/jquery-ui.js" integrity="sha256-xLD7nhI62fcsEZK2/v8LsBcb4lG7dgULkuXoXB/j91c=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/search/ApiClient.js?v=02082023"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/search/Bus.js?v=02082023"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/search/Config.js?v=02082023"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/search/Constants.js?v=02082023"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/search/Template.js?v=02082023"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/search/Facet.js?v=02082023"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/search/Pagination.js?v=02082023"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/search/Results.js?v=02082023"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/search/Search.js?v=09272024"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/search/Topics.js?v=02082023"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/search/Util.js?v=02082023"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/search/Main.js?v=02082023"></script>  <script type="text/template" id="template-page-size-selector"> <%= selected %> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <%= unselected %> </ul> </script> <script type="text/template" id="template-pagination-selected-page-size"> <a class="page_size_<%= size %> btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" href="#"> <%= size %> <span class="caret"></span> </a> </script> <script type="text/template" id="template-pagination-unselected-page-size"> <li><a class="page_size_<%= size %>" href="#"><%= size %></a></li> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-row"> <li class="sr-item"> <input type="checkbox" class="sri-select hidden-xs" name="articles" value="<%= documentUri %>" aria-label="<%= documentUri %> checkbox"/> <div class="sri-summary"> <p class="sri-title"><a href="<%= path %>abstract.cfm?uri=<%= documentUri %>&origin=search" target="_blank"><%= title %><%= videoIcon %></a></p> <span class="sri-authors"><%= authors %></span> <ul class="sri-details"> <li class="sri-year"><%= year %></li> <li class="sri-journal"><%= access%> <%= name %><strong>  View: <%= htmlLinks %><%= pdfLinks %></strong><%= xinfo %></li> </ul> <div class="sri-toggle-extended fi-plus"> </div> </div> <div class="sri-extended"> <div class="d-flex"> <img src="<%= imgLink%>" class="sri-image" height="100" width="100" alt="" loading="lazy" style="max-width: 150px; height: auto;" onerror="this.parentNode.removeChild(this);" /> <div> <p class="sri-abstract"><%= abstract %></p> <ul class="sri-hits list-unstyled"> <%= searchHits %> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-image-result-row"> <li class="sr-item sr-item-image"> <div class="sri-summary"> <h3 class="sri-title"> <a href="<%= path %>" target="_blank"> <%= title %> </a> </h3> <span class="sri-authors"><%= authors %></span> <ul class="sri-details"> <li class="sri-year"><%= year %></li> <li class="sri-journal"><%= access %> <%= journalTitle %> <strong><%= volume %></strong>(<%= issue %>) <%=firstPage %>  <strong>View:</strong> <a href="<%= path %>" target="_blank">Image</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="sri-image-details"> <img src="<%= imgLink%>" class="sri-image" height="100" width="100" alt="<%=title%> thumbnail" loading="lazy" style="max-width: 150px; height: auto;"/> <p class="sri-abstract"> <strong>Caption:</strong> <%= figLabel %><%= caption %></p> </div> </li> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-hit"> <li>…<%= hitText %>…</li> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-snippet-highlighted"><strong><%= text %></strong></script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-snippet-xinfo"> [<%= xinfo %>]</script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-snippet-pdf"><a href="<%= pdfUri %>" target="_blank">PDF</a></script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-snippet-html"><a href="<%= htmlUri %>" target="_blank">HTML</a> | </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-element-visible">display:inline</script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-element-hidden">display:none</script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-element-nbsp"> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-facet"> <h5 class="bg1"> <span class="float_l"> <input type="checkbox" name="chkAllFacet-<%= name %>"> <%= facetName %> </input> </span> <%= moreLink %> <a id="sortby-<%= name %>" class="sidebar_more white" href="#">Sort</a> </h5> <ul id="facet-values-<%= name %>"> <%= facetValues %> </ul> </script> <script type="text/template" id="facet-publications"> <ul class="sf-list"> <li class="sf-list_list-item"><input id="publicationsAll" class="sf-select-all sf-list_input" type="checkbox" checked="checked" disabled="disabled"/> <label class="sf-list_label" for="publicationsAll">All</label></li> <li class="sf-list_list-item"><input id="facet-publications-journals" class="sf-list_input" type="checkbox" name="publications"/> <label class="sf-list_label" for="facet-publications-journals">Journals <span class="facet-count">(<%= totalJournals %>)</span></label></li> <li class="sf-list_list-item"><input id="facet-publications-proceedings" class="sf-list_input" type="checkbox" name="proceedings"/> <label class="sf-list_label" for="facet-publications-proceedings">Conferences <span class="facet-count">(<%= totalProceedings %>)</span></label></li> <li class="sf-list_list-item"><input id="facet-publications-reports" class="sf-list_input" type="checkbox" name="reports"/> <label class="sf-list_label" for="facet-publications-reports">Industry Reports <span class="facet-count">(<%= totalReports %>)</span></label></li> </ul> </div> <div class="sf-module sf-journals"> <div class="row2"> <p id="facet-journal-show" class="sf-group-title collapsed" style="text-transform: none !important;">Journals</p> <div id="sortJournal" class="sf-sort"></div> </div> <div id="facet-journal-values"> </div> </div> <div class="sf-module sf-proceedings"> <div class="row2"> <p id="facet-proceeding-show" class="sf-group-title collapsed" style="text-transform: none !important;">Conferences</p> <div id="sortProceeding" class="sf-sort"></div> </div> <div id="facet-proceeding-values"></div> </div> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-facet-basics"> <ul class="sf-list"> <li class="sf-select-all"><input id="<%= allId %>" type="checkbox" checked="checked" disabled="disabled"/> <label for="<%= allId %>">All</label></li> <%= values %> <li class="sf-expanded"> <a href="#" id="more-<%= allId %>" class="search-panel_more-link" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#modal-<%= allId %>">more <%=name%> »</a> <div class="modal full fade" id="modal-<%= allId %>"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content search"> <div class="row mbottom-20"> <div class="col-md-4"> <h3 class="modal-header search"><%= modalTitle %></h3> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-2"> <input id="input-<%= allId%>" type="text" class="form-control selectized" placeholder="(type names or look up list)" tabindex="-1" aria-label="type names or look up list"></input> <div class="selectize-control form-control multi"></div> </div> </div> <div class="modal_option-container mbottom-20 scrollable" id="moreUl-<%=allId%>"> </div> <hr> <div class="d-flex"> <a href="#" id="apply-<%= allId %>" class="btn btn-primary mr-1" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Apply Filters</a> <a href="#" id="cancel-<%= allId %>" class="btn btn-default" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Cancel</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-facet-terms"> <ul class="sf-list"> <li class="sf-select-all"> <input id="<%= allId %>" type="checkbox" checked="checked" disabled="disabled"/> <label for="<%= allId %>">Remove all topic filters</label> </li> <%= values %> <li class="sf-expanded"> <a href="#" id="more-<%= allId %>" class="search-panel_more-link hidden-xs" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#modal-<%= allId %>">include more topics »</a> <div class="modal full fade" id="modal-<%= allId %>"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content search"> <div class="row mbottom-20"> <div class="col-md-4"> <h3 class="modal-header search">Optics & Photonics Topics</h3> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-2"> <input id="input-<%= allId%>" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search for a specific topic" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Search for a specific topic"></input> </div> </div> <div class="row mbottom-20"> <div class="col-md-12"> <strong>Browse the topics:</strong> Click the <svg class="selection-list_arrow"><use xlink:href="#right-arrow" /></svg> to reveal subtopics. Use the checkbox to select a topic to filter your search. </div> </div> <div class="modal_option-container mbottom-20 scrollable" id="moreUl-<%=allId%>"> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <strong>Selected Topics</strong> </div> </div> <div id="moreSelectedList"></div> <div class="row"><div class="col-md-12"> </div></div> <div class="d-flex"> <a href="#" id="apply-<%= allId %>" class="btn btn-primary mr-1" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Add Selected Topic Filters</a> <a href="#" id="cancel-<%= allId %>" class="btn btn-default" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Cancel</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-facet-journal-proceedings"> <ul class="sf-list"> <li class="sf-select-all"><input id="<%= allId %>" type="checkbox" checked> <label for="<%= allId %>">All</label></li> <%= values %> <li class="sf-expanded"> <a href="#" id="more-<%= allId %>" class="search-panel_more-link" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#modal-<%= allId %>" class="sf-expanded-toggle">more <%=name%> »</a> <div class="modal full fade" id="modal-<%= allId %>"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content search"> <div class="row mbottom-20"> <div class="col-md-4"> <h3 class="modal-header search"><%= modalTitle%></h3> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-2"> <input id="input-<%= allId%>" type="text" class="form-control selectized" placeholder="(type names or look up list)" tabindex="-1" aria-label="type names or look up list"></input> <div class="selectize-control form-control multi"></div> </div> </div> <div class="modal_option-container mbottom-20 scrollable" id="moreUl-<%=allId%>"> </div> <hr> <div class="d-flex"> <a href="#" id="apply-<%= allId %>" class="btn btn-primary mr-1" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Apply Filters</a> <a href="#" id="cancel-<%= allId %>" class="btn btn-default" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Cancel</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-facet-content"> <ul class="sf-list"> <%= values %> </ul> </script> <script type="text/template" id="facet-more-new-content"> <div class="more-columns_container"> <div class="more-columns_column"><ul class="selection-list"><%= val1%></ul></div> <div class="more-columns_column"><ul class="selection-list"><%= val2%></ul></div> <div class="more-columns_column"><ul class="selection-list"><%= val3%></ul></div> </div> </script> <script type="text/template" id="facet-more-terms-div"> <div class="more-columns_container"> <div class="more-columns_column" id="<%= name%>-col1"><%= val%></div> <div class="more-columns_column" id="<%= name%>-col2"></div> <div class="more-columns_column" id="<%= name%>-col3"></div> </div> </script> <script type="text/template" id="facet-more-terms-list"> <ul class="selection-list"><%= val%></ul> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-facet-more"> <a id="more-<%= name %>" href="#" class="sidebar_more white">More</a> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-facet-detail"> <a href="#" id="details-link-<%= id %>" class="sidebar_more black">details</a> <ul id="details-container-<%= id %>" class="list-unstyled" style="display:none;" data-value="<%= valName %>"></ul> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-facet-value"> <li class="sf-list_list-item <%= rowclass %>" style="<%= display %>"> <input type="checkbox" class="sf-list_input <%= boxstyle %>" name="chkFacet-<%= name %>" value="<%= code %>" aria-label="<%= dataValue %>" data-value="<%= dataValue %>" id="<%= id %>" <%= checked %> acronym="<%= acronym %>" /> <% if (hasCloseButton === true) { %> <div <% if (isbold != '') { %> class="sf-list_label sf-authors-bold" <% } else { %> class="sf-list_label" style="margin-bottom:5px"<% } %>><%= valName %><span class="facet-count"><%= valCount %></span> <span class="fal fa-times-circle facet-value_toggle purple-color"></span></div> <%= detail%> <% } else { %> <label <%= title%> for="<%= id %>" <% if (isbold != '') { %> class="sf-list_label sf-authors-bold" <% } else { %> class="sf-list_label" <% } %>><%= valName %> <span class="facet-count"><%= valCount %></span></label> <%= detail%> <% } %> </li> </script> <script type="text/template" id="more-term-facet-value"> <li class="selection-list_list-item" style="<%= display %>"> <input id="<%= labelid %>" class="selection-list_checkbox" type="checkbox" name="<%= name %>" data-value="<%= dataValue %>" <%= checked %> <%= boxstyle %>/><div class="selection-list_link" name="text-<%= name %>" data-value="<%= dataValue %>" <%= clazz %>><label for="<%= labelid %>" style="font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0px;"><%= valName %><% if (valCount != "") { %> <span class="more-facet-count"><%= valCount %></span><% } %></label></div><% if (isx === true) { %><a href="#" aria-label="selection expander" class="selection-list_expander <%= inputname%>-expandin"><svg class="selection-list_arrow"><use xlink:href="#right-arrow" /></svg></a><% } %> </li> </script> <script type="text/template" id="more-term-selected"> <div class="selected-facet" data-topic="<%= finalTopic %>"> <%= val %> <a href="#" name="selected-x" aria-label="<%= dataValue %>" data-value="<%= dataValue %>" count="<%= cnt %>" class="selected-facet_close" ><span class="fal fa-times-circle purple-color"></span></a> </div> </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-facet-class"> class="" </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-facet-style-normal"> style="font-weight:normal" </script> <script type="text/template" id="search-result-facet-sort-popup"> <p> <input type="radio" id='<%= name %>:item-order:ascending' name="facetSortBy" value='<%= name %>:item-order:ascending' > <label for='<%= name %>:item-order:ascending'><%= label %> ascending</label><br> <input type="radio" id='<%= name %>:item-order:descending' name="facetSortBy" value='<%= name %>:item-order:descending' > <label for='<%= name %>:item-order:descending'><%= label %> descending</label><br> <input type="radio" id='<%= name %>:frequency-order:ascending' name="facetSortBy" value='<%= name %>:frequency-order:ascending' > <label for='<%= name %>:frequency-order:ascending'>Frequency ascending</label><br> <input type="radio" id='<%= name %>:frequency-order:descending' name="facetSortBy" value='<%= name %>:frequency-order:descending'> <label for='<%= name %>:frequency-order:descending'>Frequency descending</label> </p> </script> <script type="text/template" id="filter-selected"> <li class="label filter-tag filter-tag--<%= filterType %>"> <%= filterValue %> <a class="inline-dismiss"><span name="filterSelected" id="<%= filterId %>" class="fal fa-times purple-color" data-value="<%= filterValue %>"></span></a></li> </script> <script type="text/template" id="filter-search"> <li class="filter-search label filter-tag filter-tag--<%= filterType %>"> <%= filterLabel %> <a class="inline-dismiss"><span name="filterSelected" id="<%= filterId %>" class="fal fa-times purple-color" data-value="<%= filterValue %>"></span></a></li> </script> <script type="text/template" id="publication-sort-template"> <button class="sf-sort-toggle"><i class="fas fa-sort"></i><span class="sr-only">sort</span></button> <div class="sf-sort-popup"> <ul> <li class="active"><a href="#" name="sort-<%= type%>" data-value="<%= type%>:frequency-order:descending">Article Count</a></li> <li><a href="#" name="sort-<%= type%>" data-value="<%= type%>:item-order:ascending">Alphabetical A>Z</a></li> <li><a href="#" name="sort-<%= type%>" data-value="<%= type%>:item-order:descending">Alphabetical Z>A</a></li> </ul> </div> </script> <script type="text/template" id="author-topic-sort-template"> <button class="sf-sort-toggle"><i class="fas fa-sort"></i><span class="sr-only">sort</span></button> <div class="sf-sort-popup"> <ul> <li class="active"><a href="#" name="sort-<%= type%>" data-value="<%= type%>:frequency-order:descending">Article Count</a></li> <li><a href="#" name="sort-<%= type%>" data-value="<%= type%>:item-order:ascending">Alphabetical A>Z</a></li> <li><a href="#" name="sort-<%= type%>" data-value="<%= type%>:item-order:descending">Alphabetical Z>A</a></li> </ul> </div> </script> <script type="text/template" id="year-sort-template"> <button class="sf-sort-toggle"><i class="fas fa-sort"></i><span class="sr-only">sort</span></button> <div class="sf-sort-popup"> <ul> <li class="active"><a href="#" name="sort-year" data-value="year:item-order:descending">Newest date first</a></li> <li><a href="#" name="sort-year" data-value="year:item-order:ascending">Oldest date first</a></li> <li><a href="#" name="sort-year" data-value="year:frequency-order:descending">Article Count</a></li> </ul> </div> </script> <script type="text/template" id="more-pop-up-template"> <%= values%> </script> <script type="text/template" id="loading-gif-template"> <li><img style="position:center; display:none;" src="../images/ajax-loader.gif"/></li> </script> <script type="text/template" id="all-plus-separator-template"> <li class="sf-select-all"><input id="<%= allId %>" type="checkbox" > <label for="<%= allId %>">All</label></li> </script> <script type="text/template" id="more-topic-column-header"> <div class="selection-list_header"><%= name %></div> </script> <script type="text/template" id="loader"> <div class="progress"> <div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped active" role="progress-bar" id="progress-<%= allId %>"></div> </div> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { if (location.hash.indexOf("figanchor") != -1) { let figHash = location.hash; $("#figurestablink").click(); window.location.hash = figHash; $(location.hash).get(0).scrollIntoView({behavior: "smooth"}); } $.get('/checkjs.cfm?s=EJQJNCQ'); populateRecentPages(); $("img").removeClass("lazyimg").unveil(100); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var gaAcct = "UA-1200622-15"; function downloadJSAtOnload() { var element = document.createElement("script"); element.src = "/js/loadJS.js"; document.body.appendChild(element); } if (window.addEventListener) window.addEventListener("load", downloadJSAtOnload, false); else if (window.attachEvent) window.attachEvent("onload", downloadJSAtOnload); else window.onload = downloadJSAtOnload; </script>  </body> </html>