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href="../_newlands/pure-layout-side-menu/css/layouts/side-menu.css" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_newlands/css/webelements.css?parameter=1"> <meta name="author" content="Prof Mark Winter, University of Sheffield"> <meta name="copyright" content="Copyright 2024 Prof Mark Winter"> <link rel="index" href="./"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../favicon.png"> </head> <body> <div id="layout">  <a href="#menu" id="menuLink" class="menu-link">  <span></span> </a>  <div id="menu"> <div class="pure-menu"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item logo"><a href="../" class="pure-menu-link"><img height="30" src="../_media/icons/logo_60.png" alt="WebElements logo" /></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item v"> <div id="NavigationPanel"> <table style="nav_panel"> <tr> <th class="navpanel-d"><a title="niobium" href="../niobium/uses.html">Nb</a></th> <th class="navpanel-d"><a title="molybdenum" href="../molybdenum/uses.html">Mo</a></th> <th class="navpanel-d"><a 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class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../dysprosium/uses.html">Dysprosium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../einsteinium/uses.html">Einsteinium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../erbium/uses.html">Erbium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../europium/uses.html">Europium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../fermium/uses.html">Fermium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../flerovium/uses.html">Flerovium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../fluorine/uses.html">Fluorine</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../francium/uses.html">Francium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../gadolinium/uses.html">Gadolinium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a 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href="../magnesium/uses.html">Magnesium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../manganese/uses.html">Manganese</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../meitnerium/uses.html">Meitnerium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../mendelevium/uses.html">Mendelevium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../mercury/uses.html">Mercury</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../molybdenum/uses.html">Molybdenum</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../moscovium/uses.html">Moscovium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../neodymium/uses.html">Neodymium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../neon/uses.html">Neon</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../neptunium/uses.html">Neptunium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../nickel/uses.html">Nickel</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../nihonium/uses.html">Nihonium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../niobium/uses.html">Niobium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../nitrogen/uses.html">Nitrogen</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../nobelium/uses.html">Nobelium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../oganesson/uses.html">Oganesson ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../osmium/uses.html">Osmium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../oxygen/uses.html">Oxygen</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../palladium/uses.html">Palladium</a></li> <li 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class="pure-menu-link p" href="../radon/uses.html">Radon ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../rhenium/uses.html">Rhenium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../rhodium/uses.html">Rhodium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../roentgenium/uses.html">Roentgenium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../rubidium/uses.html">Rubidium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../ruthenium/uses.html">Ruthenium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../rutherfordium/uses.html">Rutherfordium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../samarium/uses.html">Samarium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../scandium/uses.html">Scandium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../seaborgium/uses.html">Seaborgium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../selenium/uses.html">Selenium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../silicon/uses.html">Silicon</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../silver/uses.html">Silver</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../sodium/uses.html">Sodium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../strontium/uses.html">Strontium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../sulfur/uses.html">Sulfur</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../sulfur/uses.html">Sulphur</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../tantalum/uses.html">Tantalum</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../technetium/uses.html">Technetium</a></li> <li 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href="../uranium/uses.html">Uranium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../vanadium/uses.html">Vanadium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../xenon/uses.html">Xenon</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../ytterbium/uses.html">Ytterbium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../yttrium/uses.html">Yttrium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../zinc/uses.html">Zinc</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../zirconium/uses.html">Zirconium</a></li> </ul> </div> </div>  <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-open pure-menu-horizontal centre" role="navigation" style="background: #000 url(../_media/elements/discharge/W.png) repeat-y center; background-size:contain;"> <span><a class="pure-menu-heading" href="https://winter.group.shef.ac.uk/webelements/"><img height="30" src="../_media/icons/logo_60.png" alt="WebElements logo"></a> <a class="white" href="./">Tungsten - <sub>74</sub>W</a>  <audio id="myAudio_f"> <source src="../_media/elements/snds_f/W.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">Your user agent does not support the HTML5 Audio element. </audio> <button class="pure-button d_button" style=" display: inline;" type="button" onclick="audf_play_pause()"> 🔊  </button> <script> function audf_play_pause() { var myAudiof = document.getElementById("myAudio_f"); if (myAudiof.paused) { myAudiof.play(); } else { myAudiof.pause(); }} </script></span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main">  <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <a href="#" class="pure-menu-link pure-menu-heading">▸▸</a> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇬🇧 Tungsten</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇺🇦 Вольфрам</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇨🇳 鎢</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇳🇱 Wolfraam</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇫🇷 Tungstène</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇩🇪 Wolfram</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇮🇱 טונגסטן</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇮🇹 Tungsteno (wolframio)</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇯🇵 タングステン</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇵🇹 Tungstênio</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇪🇸 Wolframio</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇸🇪 Volfram</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇷🇺 Вольфрам</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="google_navbar_positioning"> <form action="https://www.google.com" id="cse-search-box"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-9334432533380510:6223510783"> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8"> <input type="text" name="q" size="28"> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search"> </div> </form> <script> </script> </div> </div> </div> <main> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <h1 class="d">Tungsten - <sub><small>74</small></sub>W: uses</h1> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <ul class="pure-menu-list z_menu"> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a href="../tungsten/" class="pure-menu-link">▸▸ W Essentials</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/physics.html">Physical properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/atoms.html">Electron shell data</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/atom_sizes.html">Atom sizes</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/electronegativity.html">Electronegativity</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/isotopes.html" >Isotopes and NMR</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/crystal_structure.html">Crystal structure</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/thermochemistry.html">Thermochemistry</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/history.html">History</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/uses.html">Uses</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/geology.html">Geology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/biology.html">Biology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/compounds.html">Binary compounds</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/compound_properties.html" >Compound properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/chemistry.html">Element reactions</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../tungsten/contents.html">List all W properties</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <p class="p_first">The following <a href="../periodicity/uses/" title="literature sources of the uses given here">uses</a> for tungsten are gathered from a number of sources as well as from anecdotal comments. I would be delighted to receive corrections as well as additional <em>referenced</em> uses.</p> <ul class="uses"> <li>useful for glass-to-metal seals since the thermal expansion is about the same as borosilicate glass</li> <li>tungsten and its alloys are used extensively for filaments for electric lamps, electron and television tubes, and for metal evaporation work</li> <li>electrical contact points for car distributors</li> <li>X-ray targets</li> <li>windings and heating elements for electrical furnaces</li> <li>missile and high-temperature applications</li> <li>high-speed tool steels and many other alloys contain tungsten</li> <li>the carbide is important to the metal-working, mining, and petroleum industries</li> <li>calcium and magnesium tungstates are widely used in fluorescent lighting</li> <li> tungsten salts are used in the chemical and tanning industries</li> <li>tungsten disulphide is a dry, high-temperature lubricant, stable to 500°C</li> <li>tungsten bronzes and other tungsten compounds are used in paints</li> <li>TV tubes (electron tubes)</li> <li>X-ray targets</li> </ul> <p class="pure-img"><img src="../_media/elements/pics/W-uses-superior_wedding_ring.jpg" alt="tungsten wedding ring by Superior Wedding Rings" /><br />More recently tungsten has found use in jewellery where its hardness and scratch resistance make it highly desirable. 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