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id="content" role="main" class="single-wrapper"> <header class="entry-header-single"> <h1 class="entry-title single-entry-title"> New Species of Fossil Armadillo Discovered in Brazil</h1> <div class="single-meta"> <div class="metainfoleft"> <div class="info"> <span class="date"> Dec 2, 2024 by </span> <a href="https://www.sci.news/author/delazaro">Enrico de Lazaro</a> </div> </div> <div class="single-pagi"> <div class="prev-nav"> <a href="https://www.sci.news/archaeology/neanderthals-first-collectors-fossils-13472.html">« Previous </a></div> | <div class="next-nav"> <a href="https://www.sci.news/paleontology/whitefly-psyllid-fossils-new-zealand-13475.html">Next »</a></div> <div class="cb"></div> </div> <div class="cb"></div> </div> </header> <section> <div id="single-heading-content">  <div class="single-right"> <article id="post-102044" class="post-102044 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-featurednews category-paleontology tag-armadillo tag-brazil tag-dasypodidae tag-eocene tag-euphractinae tag-fossil tag-guabirotuba-formation tag-osteoderm tag-paleogene tag-parutaetus tag-parutaetus-oliveirai tag-south-america tag-xenarthra"> <div class="entry-content"> <p><strong>Paleontologists have identified a new species of the extinct armadillo genus <em>Parutaetus</em> from fossilized osteoderms collected in the state of Paraná in southern Brazil.</strong></p> <div id="attachment_102045" style="width: 590px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://cdn.sci.news/images/enlarge12/image_13473e-Parutaetus-oliveirai.jpg"><img aria-describedby="caption-attachment-102045" class="wp-image-102045 size-full" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13473-Parutaetus-oliveirai.jpg" alt="Hypothetical artistic reconstruction of Parutaetus oliveirai in the Middle-Late Eocene of Brazil. Image credit: Márcio L. Castro." width="580" height="462" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13473-Parutaetus-oliveirai.jpg 580w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13473-Parutaetus-oliveirai-300x239.jpg 300w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13473-Parutaetus-oliveirai-74x58.jpg 74w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13473-Parutaetus-oliveirai-60x49.jpg 60w" sizes="(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px" /></a><p id="caption-attachment-102045" class="wp-caption-text">Hypothetical artistic reconstruction of <em>Parutaetus oliveirai</em> in the Middle-Late Eocene of Brazil. Image credit: Márcio L. Castro.</p></div> <p><em>Parutaetus oliveirai</em> inhabited South America between 42 and 39 million years ago (Middle-Late Eocene epoch).</p> <p>The ancient species belongs to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphractinae" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Euphractinae</a>, a group of armadillos within the family <a href="https://www.gbif.org/species/4825365" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dasypodidae</a>.</p> <p>“Dasypodidae are represented by extant and extinct armadillos,” said Universidade Federal de Santa paleontologist Tabata Klimeck and colleagues.</p> <p>“This group has a wide stratigraphic and geographic distribution from southern Patagonia to southern North America.”</p> <p>“The paleontological record of armadillos is mainly represented by their osteoderms.”</p> <p>“They are known in almost all South American mammalian faunas from the Late Paleocene/Early Eocene or only from the Early Eocene, according to other interpretations.”</p> <p>“Euphractinae is the most diverse clade (subfamily) within Dasypodidae,” they noted.</p> <p>“The oldest occurrences of undoubted euphractines date from the Middle-Late Eocene of Gran Barranca locality in Argentinian Patagonia and Middle Eocene Upper Lumbrera Formation of northwestern Argentina.”</p> <p>“<em>Parutaetus</em> is one of the early-divergent euphractines,” they added.</p> <p>“This genus was described in 1902, with the type species <em>Parutaetus chicoensis</em> from Argentinian Patagonia.”</p> <p>Eight fossilized osteoderms from <em>Parutaetus oliveirai</em> were found in the Guabirotuba Formation, located in the municipality of Curitiba in the Brazilian state of Paraná.</p> <p>“The Guabirotuba Formation is the main lithostratigraphic unit of the Curitiba Sedimentary Basin,” the paleontologists said.</p> <p>“It is represented by deposits of a distributive fluvial system composed of immature subarchoic sands and muds, interspersed with gravel deposits restricted to the edges of the basin.”</p> <p>“The geological characteristics indicate a semi-arid environment, with rainy periods originating temporary rivers that transported the sediment and formed alluvial fans.”</p> <p>The new species expands the knowledge about the diversity of armadillos that inhabited southeast South America during the Paleogene period.</p> <p>“<em>Parutaetus oliveirai</em>’s osteoderms differ from other species of the genus by presenting: (i) more surface glandular and piliferous foramina; (ii) a flat surface articulation area between the osteoderms, which does not present a groove in the middle portion of the osteoderm; and (iii) larger size,” the researchers said.</p> <p>“In combination, this suite of traits is not present in other species of the <em>Parutaetus</em> genus.”</p> <p>“The increase in the number of surface glandular and piliferous foramina, as well as in size, may be associated with the global cooling that occurred during the Middle-Late Eocene that affected the South American faunas.”</p> <p>“Finally, the new species expands the knowledge about the still poorly known diversity of mammals that inhabited southeast South America during the Eocene epoch.”</p> <p>The <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02724634.2024.2403581" target="_blank" rel="noopener">findings</a> were published in the <em>Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology</em>.</p> <p><span style="color: #808080;">_____</span></p> <p><span style="color: #808080;">T.D.F. Klimeck <em>et al</em>. 2024. Revealing the diversity of Paleogene cingulates from Brazil: a new species of <em>Parutaetus</em> (Euphractinae) in the Guabirotuba Formation (Middle-Late Eocene). <em>Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology</em> 44 (1): e2403581; doi: 10.1080/02724634.2024.2403581</span></p> </div> </article> </div> <div class="single-left"> <div class="postedby"> Published in </div> <div class="single-category"><ul class="post-categories"> <li><a href="https://www.sci.news/news/featurednews" >Featured</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.sci.news/news/paleontology" >Paleontology</a></li></ul></div> <div class="postedby2"> <div class="postedby"> Tagged as </div></div> <div class="single-tags"> <a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/armadillo" rel="tag">Armadillo</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/brazil" rel="tag">Brazil</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/dasypodidae" rel="tag">Dasypodidae</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/eocene" rel="tag">Eocene</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/euphractinae" rel="tag">Euphractinae</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/fossil" rel="tag">Fossil</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/guabirotuba-formation" rel="tag">Guabirotuba Formation</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/osteoderm" rel="tag">Osteoderm</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/paleogene" rel="tag">Paleogene</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/parutaetus" rel="tag">Parutaetus</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/parutaetus-oliveirai" rel="tag">Parutaetus oliveirai</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/south-america" rel="tag">South America</a><a href="https://www.sci.news/tag/xenarthra" rel="tag">Xenarthra</a></div> <div class="postedby3"></div> <div class="postedby3"></div> <div class="single-related"> <div class="postedby">You Might Like </div> <div class="related"> <div class="relatedpost"> <a href="https://www.sci.news/biology/lepidosaur-jaw-evolution-13501.html"><img width="104" height="75" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13501-Lepidosaur-Jaws-104x75.jpg" class="attachment-secondpostimg size-secondpostimg wp-post-image" alt="Rates of evolution of jaw morphology in Lepidosauria. 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Zamani, NSF NOIRLab." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13491-Messier-83-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13491-Messier-83-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/astronomy/dark-energy-camera-image-messier-83-13491.html' title='Dark Energy Camera Captures Stunning New Image of Messier 83'>Dark Energy Camera Captures Stunning New Image of Messier 83</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 9, 2024 | Astronomy</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/space/venus-habitability-13490.html" title="Venus Has Never Been Habitable, New Study Suggests"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2020/09/image_8904f-Venus-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="This composite image, taken by JAXA’s Akatsuki spacecraft, shows Venus. Image credit: JAXA / ISAS / DARTS / Damia Bouic." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2020/09/image_8904f-Venus-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2020/09/image_8904f-Venus-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/space/venus-habitability-13490.html' title='Venus Has Never Been Habitable, New Study Suggests'>Venus Has Never Been Habitable, New Study Suggests</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 9, 2024 | Astrobiology</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/astronomy/hubble-image-ngc-5643-13489.html" title="Hubble Space Telescope Revisits NGC 5643"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13489-NGC-5643-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="This Hubble image shows NGC 5643, a grand design spiral some 55 million light-years away in the constellation of Lupus. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble / A. Riess / D. Thilker / D. De Martin, ESA & Hubble / M. Zamani, ESA & Hubble." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13489-NGC-5643-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13489-NGC-5643-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/astronomy/hubble-image-ngc-5643-13489.html' title='Hubble Space Telescope Revisits NGC 5643'>Hubble Space Telescope Revisits NGC 5643</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 9, 2024 | Astronomy</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/medicine/dark-chocolate-consumption-type-2-diabetes-risk-13488.html" title="Increased Consumption of Dark, But Not Milk, Chocolate Reduces Type 2 Diabetes Risk: Study"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13488-Chocolate-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Intake of dark chocolate instead of milk chocolate may be associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Image credit: Sci.News." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13488-Chocolate-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13488-Chocolate-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/medicine/dark-chocolate-consumption-type-2-diabetes-risk-13488.html' title='Increased Consumption of Dark, But Not Milk, Chocolate Reduces Type 2 Diabetes Risk: Study'>Increased Consumption of Dark, But Not Milk, Chocolate Reduces Type 2 Diabetes Risk: Study</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 6, 2024 | Medicine</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/othersciences/anthropology/homo-juluensis-13487.html" title="New Species of Archaic Human Proposed: Homo juluensis"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2019/09/image_7610f-Denisovan-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="A portrait of a juvenile female Denisovan based on a skeletal profile reconstructed from ancient DNA methylation maps. Image credit: Maayan Harel." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2019/09/image_7610f-Denisovan-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2019/09/image_7610f-Denisovan-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/othersciences/anthropology/homo-juluensis-13487.html' title='New Species of Archaic Human Proposed: Homo juluensis'>New Species of Archaic Human Proposed: Homo juluensis</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 6, 2024 | Anthropology</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/othersciences/psychology/emotional-intelligence-emojis-13486.html" title="Study: People with Higher Emotional Intelligence Use Emojis More Frequently"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13486-Emoji-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="The frequency of emoji use varies across genders and relationship types. Image credit: Pete Linforth." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13486-Emoji-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13486-Emoji-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/othersciences/psychology/emotional-intelligence-emojis-13486.html' title='Study: People with Higher Emotional Intelligence Use Emojis More Frequently'>Study: People with Higher Emotional Intelligence Use Emojis More Frequently</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 5, 2024 | Communication Sciences</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/paleontology/fossilized-teeth-theropod-dinosaur-diversity-east-sussex-13485.html" title="Fossilized Teeth Highlight Theropod Dinosaur Diversity in Prehistoric East Sussex"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13485_1-Bexhill-Theropods-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="An Early Cretaceous floodplain in southeastern England, 135 million years ago: a spinosaur (center) takes over the carcass of an ornithopod, much to the annoyance of the smaller tyrannosaurs (left) and dromaeosaurids (bottom right). Image credit: Anthony Hutchings." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13485_1-Bexhill-Theropods-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13485_1-Bexhill-Theropods-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/paleontology/fossilized-teeth-theropod-dinosaur-diversity-east-sussex-13485.html' title='Fossilized Teeth Highlight Theropod Dinosaur Diversity in Prehistoric East Sussex'>Fossilized Teeth Highlight Theropod Dinosaur Diversity in Prehistoric East Sussex</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 5, 2024 | Paleontology</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/othersciences/materials/self-assembling-electronics-13484.html" title="Researchers Demonstrate New Technique for Self-Assembling Electronics"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13484-Self-Assembling-Electronics-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Bottom-up nano- to micro-fabrication is crucial in modern electronics and optics. Conventional multi-scale array fabrication techniques, however, are facing challenges in reconciling the contradiction between the pursuit of better device performance and lowering the fabrication cost and/or energy consumption. Chang et al. introduce a facile mixed-metal array fabrication method based on guided self-assembly of polymerizing organometallic adducts derived from the passivating oxides of a ternary liquid metal to create mixed metal wires. Image credit: Julia Chang." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13484-Self-Assembling-Electronics-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13484-Self-Assembling-Electronics-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/othersciences/materials/self-assembling-electronics-13484.html' title='Researchers Demonstrate New Technique for Self-Assembling Electronics'>Researchers Demonstrate New Technique for Self-Assembling Electronics</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 5, 2024 | Computer Science</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/othersciences/anthropology/clovis-diet-13483.html" title="Clovis People’s Diet Mainly Included Mammoths and Other Large Mammals, New Study Says"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13483f-Clovis-Mammoth-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="An artist’s reconstruction of Clovis life 13,000 years ago shows the Anzick-1 infant with his mother consuming mammoth meat near a hearth. Another individual crafts tools, including dart projectile points and atlatls. A mammoth butchery area is visible nearby. Image credit: Eric Carlson / Ben Potter / Jim Chatters." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13483f-Clovis-Mammoth-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13483f-Clovis-Mammoth-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/othersciences/anthropology/clovis-diet-13483.html' title='Clovis People’s Diet Mainly Included Mammoths and Other Large Mammals, New Study Says'>Clovis People’s Diet Mainly Included Mammoths and Other Large Mammals, New Study Says</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 4, 2024 | Anthropology</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/astronomy/67p-churyumov-gerasimenko-comet-water-13482.html" title="Study: Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko’s Water Has Similar Molecular Signature to Earth’s Water"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2015/02/image_2485-67P-Churyumov-Gerasimenko-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="This false-color four-image mosaic comprises images taken from a distance of 28.7 km from the center of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko on 3 February 2015. The mosaic measures 4.2 x 4.6 km. Image credit: ESA / Rosetta / NAVCAM / CC BY-SA IGO 3.0." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2015/02/image_2485-67P-Churyumov-Gerasimenko-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2015/02/image_2485-67P-Churyumov-Gerasimenko-150x150.jpg 150w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2015/02/image_2485-67P-Churyumov-Gerasimenko.jpg 580w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/astronomy/67p-churyumov-gerasimenko-comet-water-13482.html' title='Study: Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko’s Water Has Similar Molecular Signature to Earth’s Water'>Study: Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko’s Water Has Similar Molecular Signature to Earth’s Water</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 4, 2024 | Astronomy</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/genetics/plant-gene-photosynthesis-productivity-13481.html" title="Newly-Discovered Gene Enhances Photosynthetic Efficiency and Plant Productivity"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13481-BOOSTER-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Transgenic hybrid poplar with increased expression levels of BSTR enhanced photosynthesis efficiency and biomass under greenhouse conditions. Image credit: Feyissa et al., doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.11.002." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13481-BOOSTER-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13481-BOOSTER-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/genetics/plant-gene-photosynthesis-productivity-13481.html' title='Newly-Discovered Gene Enhances Photosynthetic Efficiency and Plant Productivity'>Newly-Discovered Gene Enhances Photosynthetic Efficiency and Plant Productivity</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 4, 2024 | Biology</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/astronomy/giant-star-starspots-13480.html" title="Astronomers Observe Starspots on Surface of Giant Star"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13480-XX-Trianguli-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="Starspots on the surface of XX Trianguli. Image credit: HUN-REN RCAES / Zs. Kővári, MOME / Á. Radványi, AIP / K. Strassmeier." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13480-XX-Trianguli-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13480-XX-Trianguli-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/astronomy/giant-star-starspots-13480.html' title='Astronomers Observe Starspots on Surface of Giant Star'>Astronomers Observe Starspots on Surface of Giant Star</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 4, 2024 | Astronomy</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/othersciences/robotics/diffractive-robots-13479.html" title="Researchers Create Smallest Walking Robot Yet"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13479-Diffractive-Robot-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="A diffractive robot. Image credit: Smart et al., doi: 10.1126/science.adr2177." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13479-Diffractive-Robot-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13479-Diffractive-Robot-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/othersciences/robotics/diffractive-robots-13479.html' title='Researchers Create Smallest Walking Robot Yet'>Researchers Create Smallest Walking Robot Yet</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 4, 2024 | Materials Science</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/archaeology/neanderthal-hearth-structure-13478.html" title="65,000-Year-Old Neanderthal Hearth Structure Discovered in Gibraltar"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13478-Neanderthal-Hearth-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="The Neanderthal hearth structure could have been made following these steps. Image credit: Ochando et al., doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109025." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13478-Neanderthal-Hearth-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2024/12/image_13478-Neanderthal-Hearth-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/archaeology/neanderthal-hearth-structure-13478.html' title='65,000-Year-Old Neanderthal Hearth Structure Discovered in Gibraltar'>65,000-Year-Old Neanderthal Hearth Structure Discovered in Gibraltar</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 3, 2024 | Archaeology</span> </div> </div> <div class="block-item-small"> <div class="block-image"><a href="https://www.sci.news/astronomy/kepler-51-system-fourth-exoplanet-13477.html" title="Astronomers Discover Fourth Exoplanet in Kepler-51 System"><img width="50" height="50" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2019/12/image_7936f-Kepler-51-50x50.jpg" class="attachment-sidebar-thumb size-sidebar-thumb wp-post-image" alt="This illustration depicts Kepler-51 and its three giant planets. Image credit: NASA / ESA / L. Hustak, J. Olmsted, D. Player & F. Summers, STScI." loading="lazy" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2019/12/image_7936f-Kepler-51-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2019/12/image_7936f-Kepler-51-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px" /></a></div> <div class="block-image-r"> <h2><a href='https://www.sci.news/astronomy/kepler-51-system-fourth-exoplanet-13477.html' title='Astronomers Discover Fourth Exoplanet in Kepler-51 System'>Astronomers Discover Fourth Exoplanet in Kepler-51 System</a></h2><span class="block-meta">Dec 3, 2024 | Astronomy</span> </div> </div> </div>  </div></aside><div class="adspace-widget widget"> <div class="postedby"></div> <br/></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cb"></div> </div></div></div> </section> <footer class="footer"> <div class="footer-holder"> <div class="container"> <div class="topsearch-wrapper2"> <form method="get" id="footersearch1" action="https://www.sci.news/"> <input type="text" name="s" value=" " onblur="if(this.value=='') this.value=' ';" onfocus="if(this.value==' ') this.value='';" id="s2" /> <input type="submit" value=" " id="searchsubmit" /> </form> </div> <nav class="nav"> <div id="fotnav" class="ddsmoothmenu1"><ul id="menu-menu-4" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-9173" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-9173"><a href="https://www.sci.news">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9174" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9174"><a href="https://www.sci.news/about-us">About Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9175" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9175"><a href="https://www.sci.news/archive">News Archive</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9176" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9176"><a href="https://www.sci.news/copyright">Copyright</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9177" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9177"><a href="https://www.sci.news/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9179" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9179"><a href="https://www.sci.news/feed">RSS</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9180" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9180"><a href="https://www.sci.news/contact">Contact Us</a></li> </ul></div> </nav> <div class="cb"></div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="footer"> <div class="footer2-wrapper"> <div class="footer2-area"> <div id="footerwrapper1"> <div class="box-hold footerwrapper"> <div class="box footer1"> <div class="cb"></div> </div> <div class="box footer2"> <div class="cb"></div> </div> <div class="box footer3"> <div class="cb"></div> </div> <div class="box footer4"> <div class="cb"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer"> <div class="copy"> <div id="bottomfooter"> <div class="site-footer"> © 2011-2024. 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