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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія зьмены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Месца, каб пра ўсё даведацца"><span>Дапамога</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпэдыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be_x_old.svg" style="width: 7.5em; 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсьці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Болей парамэтраў" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя прылады" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя прылады</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Карыстацкае мэню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be-x-old.wikipedia.org&uselang=be-tarask"><span>Ахвяраваньні</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8C_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Мы прапануем вам стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсьці, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%83_%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%83&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Вас запрашаюць увайсьці, хаця гэта і неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсьці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для неаўтарызаваных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0:%D0%A3%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" aria-label="Даведайцеся пра рэдагаваньне болей"><span>даведацца болей</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%91%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Сьпіс рэдагаваньняў, зробленых з гэтага IP-адрасу [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Унёсак</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Старонка гутарак пра рэдагаваньні, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адрасу [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Гутаркі</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Зьмест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Зьмест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесьці ў бакавую панэль</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Склад" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Склад"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Склад</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Склад-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Асноўныя_рысы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Асноўныя_рысы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Асноўныя рысы</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Асноўныя_рысы-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Пераключыць падразьдзел Асноўныя рысы</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Асноўныя_рысы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Параўнаньне_лексыкі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Параўнаньне_лексыкі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Параўнаньне лексыкі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Параўнаньне_лексыкі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Альтэрнатыўная_клясыфікацыя" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Альтэрнатыўная_клясыфікацыя"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Альтэрнатыўная клясыфікацыя</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Альтэрнатыўная_клясыфікацыя-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Заўвагі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Заўвагі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Заўвагі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Заўвагі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Крыніцы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Крыніцы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Крыніцы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Крыніцы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Літаратура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Літаратура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Літаратура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Літаратура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Зьмест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Схаваць/паказаць зьмест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Схаваць/паказаць зьмест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Англа-фрыскія мовы</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсьці да артыкула на іншай мове. Выбраць з: 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 мовы</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelfresisca_spr%C7%A3ca" title="Angelfresisca sprǣca — стараангельская" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Angelfresisca sprǣca" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="стараангельская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="أنجلو-فريزية — арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أنجلو-فريزية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luengas_anglo-frisonas" title="Luengas anglo-frisonas — арагонская" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Luengas anglo-frisonas" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lling%C3%BCes_anglofrisies" title="Llingües anglofrisies — астурыйская" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llingües anglofrisies" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Frisian_dil_qrupu" title="Anglo-Frisian dil qrupu — азэрбайджанская" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Anglo-Frisian dil qrupu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азэрбайджанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="آنقلو-فریسی دیللری — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آنقلو-فریسی دیللری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Англа-фрызскія мовы — беларуская" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Англа-фрызскія мовы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Англо-фризийски езици — баўгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Англо-фризийски езици" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="баўгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_anglofr%C3%ADsies" title="Llengües anglofrísies — каталёнская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llengües anglofrísies" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталёнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglofriesische_Sprachen" title="Anglofriesische Sprachen — нямецкая" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Anglofriesische Sprachen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%86%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B6%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Αγγλοφριζικές γλώσσες — грэцкая" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αγγλοφριζικές γλώσσες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Frisian_languages" title="Anglo-Frisian languages — ангельская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Anglo-Frisian languages" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ангельская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_anglofrisias" title="Lenguas anglofrisias — гішпанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lenguas anglofrisias" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="гішпанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglofrisa_lingvaro" title="Anglofrisa lingvaro — эспэранта" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Anglofrisa lingvaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эспэранта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%88-%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="زبان‌های آنگلو-فریسی — пэрсыдзкая" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان‌های آنگلو-فریسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="пэрсыдзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langues_anglo-frisonnes" title="Langues anglo-frisonnes — француская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Langues anglo-frisonnes" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%B5%EA%B8%80%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%A7%80%EC%95%84%EC%96%B4" title="앵글로프리지아어 — карэйская" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="앵글로프리지아어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="карэйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%AC%D5%B8-%D6%86%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Անգլո-ֆրիզյան լեզուներ — армянская" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անգլո-ֆրիզյան լեզուներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglofrizijski_jezici" title="Anglofrizijski jezici — харвацкая" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Anglofrizijski jezici" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="харвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Anglo-Frisia" title="Rumpun bahasa Anglo-Frisia — інданэзійская" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rumpun bahasa Anglo-Frisia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="інданэзійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engilfr%C3%ADsnesk_tungum%C3%A1l" title="Engilfrísnesk tungumál — ісьляндзкая" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Engilfrísnesk tungumál" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ісьляндзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingue_anglo-frisoni" title="Lingue anglo-frisoni — італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingue anglo-frisoni" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ang%C4%BCu-fr%C4%ABzu_valodas" title="Angļu-frīzu valodas — латыская" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Angļu-frīzu valodas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латыская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angl%C5%B3-fryz%C5%B3_kalbos" title="Anglų-fryzų kalbos — летувіская" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Anglų-fryzų kalbos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="летувіская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglofr%C3%ADz_nyelvek" title="Anglofríz nyelvek — вугорская" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Anglofríz nyelvek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="вугорская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Англофризиски јазици — македонская" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Англофризиски јазици" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Anglo-Frisian" title="Bahasa Anglo-Frisian — малайская" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Anglo-Frisian" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Fries" title="Anglo-Fries — нідэрляндзкая" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Anglo-Fries" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідэрляндзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-freeske_spr%C3%A5ken" title="Anglo-freeske språken — ніжнесаксонская" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Anglo-freeske språken" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="ніжнесаксонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A2%E8%AA%9E%E7%BE%A4" title="アングロ・フリジア語群 — японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アングロ・フリジア語群" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Fresk" title="Anglo-Fresk — паўночнафрызская" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Anglo-Fresk" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="паўночнафрызская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-frisiske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Anglo-frisiske språk — нарвэская (букмал)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Anglo-frisiske språk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="нарвэская (букмал)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_anglofryzyjskie" title="Języki anglofryzyjskie — польская" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Języki anglofryzyjskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_anglo-fr%C3%ADsias" title="Línguas anglo-frísias — партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Línguas anglo-frísias" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Англо-фризские языки — расейская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Англо-фризские языки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="расейская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Frisie_leids" title="Anglo-Frisie leids — шатляндзкая" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Anglo-Frisie leids" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шатляндзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglofr%C3%A4isk" title="Anglofräisk — Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Anglofräisk" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuh%C3%ABt_Anglo-Frisiane" title="Gjuhët Anglo-Frisiane — альбанская" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuhët Anglo-Frisiane" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="альбанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Frisian_languages" title="Anglo-Frisian languages — спрошчаная ангельская" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Anglo-Frisian languages" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="спрошчаная ангельская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglofrisiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Anglofrisiska språk — швэдзкая" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Anglofrisiska språk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="швэдзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Friz_dilleri" title="Anglo-Friz dilleri — турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Anglo-Friz dilleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Англо-фризькі мови — украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Англо-фризькі мови" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%B3m_ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF_Anh-Frisia" title="Nhóm ngôn ngữ Anh-Frisia — віетнамская" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhóm ngôn ngữ Anh-Frisia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="віетнамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%8E%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81-%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD%E7%BB%84" title="盎格鲁-弗里斯兰语组 — кітайская" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="盎格鲁-弗里斯兰语组" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кітайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5329170#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Рэдагаваць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Паказаць зьмест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Артыкул</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5:%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Абмеркаваньне зьместу старонкі (старонка не існуе) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Абмеркаваньне</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Зьмяніць варыянт мовы" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Рэжымы"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit" title="Рэдагаваць гэтую старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Рэдагаваць</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit" title="Рэдагаваць крынічны тэкст гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=history" title="Мінулыя вэрсіі гэтай старонкі. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Інструмэнты" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Інструмэнты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Інструмэнты</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">перанесьці ў бакавую панэль</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Болей вопцыяў" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дзеяньні </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit" title="Рэдагаваць гэтую старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Рэдагаваць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit" title="Рэдагаваць крынічны тэкст гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=history"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Агульныя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%83/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Сьпіс усіх старонак, якія спасылаюцца на гэтую [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Спасылкі на старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:RecentChangesLinked/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" rel="nofollow" title="Апошнія зьмены ў старонках, на якія спасылаецца гэтая старонка [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Зьвязаныя рэдагаваньні</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Сьпіс усіх спэцыяльных старонак [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Спэцыяльныя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&oldid=2267849" title="Сталая спасылка на гэтую вэрсію старонкі"><span>Сталая спасылка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=info" title="Болей інфармацыі пра гэтую старонку"><span>Зьвесткі пра старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:CiteThisPage&page=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&id=2267849&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Інфармацыя пра тое, як цытатаваць гэтую старонку"><span>Цытаваць старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe-tarask.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2590%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0-%25D1%2584%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D1%2596%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B"><span>Атрымаць скарочаны URL-адрас</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe-tarask.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2590%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0-%25D1%2584%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D1%2596%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B"><span>Спампаваць QR-код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Друк/экспарт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B"><span>Стварыць кнігу</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=show-download-screen"><span>Загрузіць як PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&printable=yes" title="Вэрсія гэтай старонкі для друку [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Вэрсія для друку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> У іншых праектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Anglo-Frisian_languages" hreflang="en"><span>Вікісховішча</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5329170" title="Спасылка на аб’ект у рэпазыторыі зьвестак [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Аб’ект Вікізьвестак</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Выгляд</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">перанесьці ў бакавую панэль</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Зьвесткі зь Вікіпэдыі — вольнай энцыкляпэдыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be-tarask" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellspacing="3" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 85%; line-height: 1.5em; width:23em;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size: 130%; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.45em; background-color: #c9ffd9;">англа-фрыская падгрупа</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-left: 2px; padding-right: 2px; line-height: 1.45em;"> Народнасьць </th><td class="" style="line-height: 1.45em; ;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ангельцы (старонка не існуе)">ангельцы</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Шатляндцы">шатляндцы</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фрызы (старонка не існуе)">фрызы</a>, цяпер — паўсюдна ў сьвеце </td></tr><tr><th style="padding-left: 2px; padding-right: 2px; line-height: 1.45em;"> Арэал </th><td class="" style="line-height: 1.45em; ;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ангельшчына">Ангельшчына</a>, шатляндзкі <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лаўлэнд (старонка не існуе)">Лаўлэнд</a>, паўднёва-ўсходняе ўзьбярэжжа <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Паўночнае мора">Паўночнага мора</a>, цяпер — увесь сьвет </td></tr><tr><th style="padding-left: 2px; padding-right: 2px; line-height: 1.45em;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%8F%D0%BC%E2%80%99%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Моўная сям’я (старонка не існуе)">Лінгвістычная клясыфікацыя</a> </th><td class="" style="line-height: 1.45em; ;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Індаэўрапейскія мовы">Індаэўрапейская сям'я</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Германскія мовы">Германская галіна</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Заходнегерманскія мовы">Заходнегерманская група</a> <ul><li>Інгвэонскі клястэр <ul><li><b>Англа-фрыская падгрупа</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding-left: 2px; padding-right: 2px; line-height: 1.45em;"> Склад </th><td class="" style="line-height: 1.45em; ;"> <div></div> <div><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ангельскія мовы (старонка не існуе)">ангельская</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Фрыскія мовы">фрыская</a> галіны</div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="line-height: 1.45em; text-align:center; ; ;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Anglo-Frisian_distribution_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Anglo-Frisian_distribution_map.svg/250px-Anglo-Frisian_distribution_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Anglo-Frisian_distribution_map.svg/375px-Anglo-Frisian_distribution_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Anglo-Frisian_distribution_map.svg/500px-Anglo-Frisian_distribution_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="720" /></a></span><br /><div style="text-align:left;"><center>Англа-фрыскія мовы на мапе Заходняй Эўропы. Ангельскія — адценьнямі аранжавага, фрыскія — сіняга</center></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>А́нгла-фры́скія мовы</b> — адна з падгрупаў моваў у складзе <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Заходнегерманскія мовы">заходнегерманскае</a> групы <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Германскія мовы">германскае</a> галіны <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Індаэўрапейскія мовы">індаэўрапейскае</a> сям’і моваў, складаецца з <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Стараангельская мова">стараангельскай</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Старажытнафрыская мова (старонка не існуе)">старажытнафрыскай</a> моваў, а таксама моваў, што зьяўляюцца іх нашчадкамі. </p><p>Аангла-фрыскія мовы ад астатніх заходнегерманскіх адрозьніваюць перш за ўсё шэраг гістарычных фанэтычных працэсаў, а менавіта інгвэонскі закон насавых сьпірантаў, зьмены ў вымаўленьні старажытнага <i>ā</i>, паляталізацыя прагерманскага <i>*k</i> у пярэднеязычныя афрыкаты перад галоснымі пярэдняга шэрагу (напрыклад, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Ангельская мова">анг.</a> <i>cheese</i>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Заходнефрыская мова">зах.-фрыск.</a> <i>tsiis</i>, але <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нідэрляндзкая мова">нід.</a> <i>kaas</i>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Ніжненямецкая мова">ніжн.-ням.</a> <i>Kees</i>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нямецкая мова">ням.</a> <i>Käse</i>; анг. <i>church</i>, зах.-фрыск. <i>tsjerke</i>, нід. <i>kerk</i>, ніжн-ням. <i>Kerk</i>, <i>Kark</i>, ням. <i>Kirche</i>). </p><p>Старажытныя носьбіты англа-фрыскіх і старажытнасаксонскіх дыялектаў пражывалі досыць блізка адзін ад аднаго, што спрычынілася да ўтварэньня <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Моўны зьвяз (старонка не існуе)">моўнага зьвязу</a> і набыцьця ўсімі гэтымі мовамі агульных рысаў<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Тым ня менш, галіны абедзьвюх падгрупаў зазналі ўплыў іншых моваў (старажытнаскандынаўскай і францускай — на ангельскую, галяндзкай і ніжненямецкай — на фрыскія), што паспрыяла разыходжаньню англа-фрыскіх моваў. У выніку гэтага фрыскія мовы атрымалі вялікую колькасьць галяндзкіх і ніжненямецкіх рысаў, трапіўшы ў заходнегерманскі дыялектны кантынуўм, у той час як ангельскія мовы зьведалі вялікі <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Паўночнагерманскія мовы">паўночнагерманскі</a> й не-германскі ўплыў, аддаліўшыся ад германскіх кантынэнтальных моваў. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Склад"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BA.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.B4"></span>Склад</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Склад»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=1" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Склад"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ніжэй прыведзеная прыблізная схема ўнутранае клясыфікацыі моваў англа-фрыскае падгрупы. Сымбалем крыжа пазначаныя вымерлыя мовы. </p> <ul><li>Англа-фрыскія мовы: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ангельскія мовы (старонка не існуе)">Ангельскія мовы</a> (усе наступныя мовы могуць разглядацца ў якасьці <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Дыялект">дыялектаў</a> ангельскай мовы): <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Ангельская мова">Ангельская мова</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%81%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ёла (старонка не існуе)">Ёла</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F)" title="Шатляндзкая мова (германская)">Шатляндзкая германская мова</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фінгальская мова (старонка не існуе)">Фінгальскі дыялект/мова</a> †</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Фрыскія мовы">Фрыскія мовы</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Заходнефрыская мова">Заходнефрыская мова</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Паўночнафрыская мова">Паўночнафрыская мова</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Усходнефрыская мова">Усходнефрыская мова</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Асноўныя_рысы"><span id=".D0.90.D1.81.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.9E.D0.BD.D1.8B.D1.8F_.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.81.D1.8B"></span>Асноўныя рысы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Асноўныя рысы»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=2" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Асноўныя рысы"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ніжэй прыведзены агульны пералік асноўных <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Гук">гукавых</a> зьменаў у храналягічным парадку, што адбыліся ў англа-фрыскіх мовах: </p> <ul><li>Пераход заходнегерманскага <i>ā̆</i> ў насавы <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="Галосны">галосны</a> задняга шэрагу ў пазыцыях перад насавымі зычнымі;</li> <li>Страта <i>n</i> перад сьпірантамі ў выніку падаўжэньня й назалізацыі папярэдняга галоснага;</li> <li>Прывядзеньне множных формаў цяперашняга часу ды прэтэрыту ў адзіную форму;</li> <li>Пераход заходнегерманскага ā̆ ў галосную пярэдняга шэрагу ǣ, у тым ліку ў дыфтонгах <i>ai</i>, <i>au</i>;</li> <li>Паляталізацыя (без фанэмізацыі палятальных);</li> <li>Пераход <i>ǣ</i> ў <i>ā</i> пад уплывам суседніх <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="Зычны">зычных</a>;</li> <li>Пераход <i>ǣ</i> ў <i>ē</i> ў стараангельскай (за выключэньнем заходнесаксонскага дыялекту) і фрыскіх мовах;</li> <li>Аднаўленьне <i>a</i> перад галоснымі задняга шэрагу ў наступным складзе;</li> <li>Дыфтангізацыя палятальных зычных у заходнесаксонскім дыялекце;</li> <li>Г.зв. <i>i</i>-мутацыя перад <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сынкопа (старонка не існуе)">сынкопай</a>;</li> <li>Фанэмізацыя палятальных і асыбіляцыя, з наступным пераходам <i>ǣ</i> ў <i>ē</i> на захадзе Ангельшчыны ля <a href="/wiki/%D0%8E%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B7" title="Ўэйлз">Ўэйлзу</a> (Заходняя Мэрцыя);</li> <li>Зьліцьцё суседніх галосных і наступная за гэтым мутацыя галосных.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Параўнаньне_лексыкі"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.9E.D0.BD.D0.B0.D0.BD.D1.8C.D0.BD.D0.B5_.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.81.D1.8B.D0.BA.D1.96"></span>Параўнаньне лексыкі</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Параўнаньне лексыкі»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=3" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Параўнаньне лексыкі"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ніжэй прыведзенае кароткае <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Лексыка">лексычнае</a> параўнаньне англа-фрыскіх моваў на ўзоры лічэбнікаў ад аднаго да дзесяці. </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="float:right; width:300px; background:#f9f9f9; border:1px #aaa solid; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Мова </th> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Адзін </th> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Два </th> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Тры </th> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Чатыры </th> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Пяць </th> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Шэсьць </th> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Сем </th> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Восем </th> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Дзевяць </th> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Дзесяць </th></tr> <tr> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Ангельская </th> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">one </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">two </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">three </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">four </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">five </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">six </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">seven </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">eight </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">nine </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">ten </td></tr> <tr> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Скотс </th> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">ane<br />ae* </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">twa </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">three </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">fower </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">five </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">sax </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">seiven </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">aicht </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">nine </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">ten </td></tr> <tr> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Ёла </th> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">oan </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">twye </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">dhree </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">vour </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">veeve </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">zeese </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">zeven </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">ayght </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">neen </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">dhen </td></tr> <tr> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Заходнефрыская </th> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">ien </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">twa </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">trije </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">fjouwer </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">fiif </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">seis </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">sân </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">acht </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">njoggen </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">tsien </td></tr> <tr> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Усходнефрыская </th> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">aan </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">twäi<br />twäin<br />twoo </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">träi </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">fjauwer </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">fieuw </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">säks </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">soogen </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">oachte </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">njugen </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">tjoon </td></tr> <tr> <th style="border:1px #aaa solid;">Паўночнафрыская<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">iinj<br />ån </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">tou<br />tuu </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">trii<br />tra </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">fjouer </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">fiiw </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">seeks </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">soowen </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">oocht </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">nüügen </td> <td style="border:1px #aaa solid;">tiin </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>* <i>Ae</i> (/eː/, /jeː/) — прыметнікавая форма, ужываная да назоўнікаў<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <p>Параўнаньне ангельскай і заходнефрыскай моваў зь некаторымі іншымі заходнегерманскімі мовамі. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Заходнефрыская</th> <th>Ангельская</th> <th>Галяндзкая</th> <th>Нямецкая </th></tr> <tr> <td>dei</td> <td>day</td> <td>dag</td> <td>Tag </td></tr> <tr> <td>rein</td> <td>rain</td> <td>regen</td> <td>Regen </td></tr> <tr> <td>wei</td> <td>way</td> <td>weg</td> <td>Weg </td></tr> <tr> <td>neil</td> <td>nail</td> <td>nagel</td> <td>Nagel </td></tr> <tr> <td>tsiis</td> <td>cheese</td> <td>kaas</td> <td>Käse </td></tr> <tr> <td>tsjerke</td> <td>church<br />kirk<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>kerk</td> <td>Kirche </td></tr> <tr> <td>tegearre</td> <td>together</td> <td>samen<br />tezamen<br />tegader<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>zusammen </td></tr> <tr> <td>sibbe</td> <td>sibling<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>sibbe</td> <td>Sippe </td></tr> <tr> <td>kaai</td> <td>key</td> <td>sleutel</td> <td>Schlüssel </td></tr> <tr> <td>ha west</td> <td>have been</td> <td>ben geweest</td> <td>bin gewesen </td></tr> <tr> <td>twa skiep</td> <td>two sheep</td> <td>twee schapen</td> <td>zwei Schafe </td></tr> <tr> <td>hawwe</td> <td>have</td> <td>hebben</td> <td>haben </td></tr> <tr> <td>ús</td> <td>us</td> <td>ons</td> <td>uns </td></tr> <tr> <td>hynder</td> <td>horse</td> <td>paard<br />ros<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Ross / Pferd </td></tr> <tr> <td>brea</td> <td>bread</td> <td>brood</td> <td>Brot </td></tr> <tr> <td>hier</td> <td>hair</td> <td>haar</td> <td>Haar </td></tr> <tr> <td>ear</td> <td>ear</td> <td>oor</td> <td>Ohr </td></tr> <tr> <td>doar</td> <td>door</td> <td>deur</td> <td>Tür </td></tr> <tr> <td>grien</td> <td>green</td> <td>groen</td> <td>Grün </td></tr> <tr> <td>swiet</td> <td>sweet</td> <td>zoet</td> <td>süß </td></tr> <tr> <td>troch</td> <td>through</td> <td>door</td> <td>durch </td></tr> <tr> <td>wiet</td> <td>wet</td> <td>nat</td> <td>nass </td></tr> <tr> <td>each</td> <td>eye</td> <td>oog</td> <td>Auge </td></tr> <tr> <td>dream</td> <td>dream</td> <td>droom</td> <td>Traum </td></tr> <tr> <td>it giet oan</td> <td>it is on</td> <td>het gaat door</td> <td>es geht weiter/los </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Альтэрнатыўная_клясыфікацыя"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BB.D1.8C.D1.82.D1.8D.D1.80.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.8B.D1.9E.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.8F_.D0.BA.D0.BB.D1.8F.D1.81.D1.8B.D1.84.D1.96.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.86.D1.8B.D1.8F"></span>Альтэрнатыўная клясыфікацыя</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Альтэрнатыўная клясыфікацыя»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=4" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Альтэрнатыўная клясыфікацыя"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Шэраг лінгвістаў пастулюе існаваньне ў складзе заходнегерманскае групы моваў інгвэонскае падгрупы, што складаецца з старажытнафрыскай, старажытнасаксонскай і стараангельскай моваў. Часам у склад інгвэонскае падгрупы ўключаюць <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Заходнефлямандзкія дыялекты (старонка не існуе)">заходнефлямандзкія дыялекты</a> — германскія дыялекты <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Заходняя Флямандыя (старонка не існуе)">Заходняй Флямандыі</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Гіпотэза інгвэонскіх моваў разглядае ўсе інгвэонскія мовы як мовы, якія ня мелі агульнае мовы-продку, замест якой існавала група дыялектаў з агульнымі арэальнымі рысамі, якія ўспадкаваліся ўсімі інгвэонскімі мовамі<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Гэтая гіпотэза была прапанаваная ў 1942 годзе нямецкім дасьледчыкам Ф. Маўэрам у якасьці альтэрнатывы дрэвавіднай мадэлі моўнае клясыфікацыі паводле А. Шляйхера, якой прадугледжвалася існаваньне англа-фрыскае падгрупы. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Заўвагі"><span id=".D0.97.D0.B0.D1.9E.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.B3.D1.96"></span>Заўвагі</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Заўвагі»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=5" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Заўвагі"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="font-size:85%; list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Нямецкі лінгвіст Ф. Маўрэр разглядаў англа-фрыскія мовы як гістарычную падгрупу, прапаноўваючы «паўночнаморскую» або «інгвэонскую» падгрупу, якая мела агульную мову-продак, што стала продкам старажытнафрыскай, старажытнасаксонскай і стараангельскай моваў.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Моорынскі дыялект.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">у Шатляндыі.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Архаізм.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Першапачатковае значэньне — «сваяк», сучаснае — «брат/сястра».</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Архаізм.</span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Крыніцы"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.80.D1.8B.D0.BD.D1.96.D1.86.D1.8B"></span>Крыніцы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Крыніцы»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=6" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Крыніцы"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="font-size:85%; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><i>Grant, William; Dixon, James Main.</i> Manual of Modern Scots. — Cambridge: University Press, 1925. — С. 105.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Bremmer (2009:22)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Гл, напрыклад, Voyles (1992).</span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Літаратура"><span id=".D0.9B.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Літаратура</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Літаратура»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=7" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Літаратура"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation"><i>Friedrich Maurer.</i> Nordgermanen und Alemannen: Studien zur Sprachgeschichte, Stammes- und Volkskunde. — Strasbourg: Hünenburg, 1942.</span></li> <li><span class="citation"><i>Wolfram Euler.</i> Das Westgermanische <West Germanic - from its Emergence in the 3rd up until its Dissolution in the 7th Century CE - Analyses and Reconstruction>. 244 p., in German with English summary. — London/Berlin: Verlag Inspiration Un Ltd., 2013. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:BookSources/978-3-9812110-7-8" title="Спэцыяльныя:BookSources/978-3-9812110-7-8">ISBN <span class="nowrap">978-3-9812110-7-8</span></a></span></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Сучасныя_германскія_мовы_і_дыялекты" style="hlist;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:161px;text-align: center;">Заходнескандынаўскія</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Фарэрская мова">фарэрская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Ісьляндзкая мова">ісьляндзкая</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нованарвэская мова">нарвэская нюношк</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:161px;text-align: center;">Усходнескандынаўскія</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Дацкая мова">дацкая</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Букмол">нарвэская букмол</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Швэдзкая мова">швэдзкая</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Заходнегерманскія мовы">Заходнегерманская галіна</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:140px;text-align: center;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Англа-фрыскія</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Ангельская мова">ангельская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Заходнефрыская мова">заходнефрыская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Паўночнафрыская мова">паўночнафрыская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F)" title="Шатляндзкая мова (германская)">шатляндзкая</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Усходнефрыская мова">усходнефрыская</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:140px;text-align: center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ніжнефранскія мовы (старонка не існуе)">Ніжнефранскія</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Афрыкаанс">афрыкаанс</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Заходнефлямандзкія дыялекты (старонка не існуе)">заходнефлямандзкія ідыёмы</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Зэляндзкі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">зэляндзкая</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лімбурская мова (старонка не існуе)">лімбурская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нідэрляндзкая мова">нідэрляндзкая</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:140px;text-align: center;">Ніжненямецкія і<br />ніжнесаксонскія дыялекты</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%85%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ахтэрхооцкая мова (старонка не існуе)">ахтэрхооцкая</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Вэлюўскі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">вэлюўская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Вэстфальскі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">вэстфальская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гронінгенскі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">гронінгенская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дрэнцкія дыялекты (старонка не існуе)">дрэнцкая</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Ніжненямецкая мова">ніжненямецкая</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нямецка-пляцкі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">нямецка-пляцкая</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Саляндзкі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">саляндзкая</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Стэлінгварфскі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">стэлінгварфская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Твэнцкі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">твэнцкая</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B_(%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Усходнефрыскія дыялекты (ніжненямецкія) (старонка не існуе)">усходнефрыская</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:140px;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Верхненямецкія мовы">Верхненямецкія</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Паўднёванямецкія дыялекты (старонка не існуе)">Паўднёванямецкія</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алеманская мова (старонка не існуе)">алеманская мова</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Баварскі дыялект">баварскі дыялект</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Валіскі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">валіская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гутэрская мова (старонка не існуе)">гутэрская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8F-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дыялект калёньня-товар (старонка не існуе)">калёньня-товар</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Майнфранскі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">майнфранская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мокенскі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">мокенская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цымбрская мова (старонка не існуе)">цымбрская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Швабскі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">швабская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Швайцарскі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">швайцарская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эльзаскі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">эльзаская</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сярэдненямецкія дыялекты (старонка не існуе)">Сярэдненямецкія</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Верхнесаксонскі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">верхнесаксонская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Вілямоўская мова (старонка не існуе)">вілямоўская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%91%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кёльнскі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">кёльнская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Люксэмбурская мова">люксэмбурская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нямецкая мова">нямецкая</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пфальцкі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">пфальцкая</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пэнсыльванска-нямецкі дыялект (старонка не існуе)">пэнсыльванская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сылескія дыялекты (германскія) (старонка не існуе)">сылеская</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хунсрык (старонка не існуе)">хунсрык</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Ідыш">Ідыш</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Ідыш">ідыш</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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