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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wye_and_Crundale_Downs&params=51.176_N_0.969_E_type:landmark_region:GB-BNE"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°10′34″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°58′08″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.176°N 0.969°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.176; 0.969</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wye_Downs&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Wye Downs">Wye Downs</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Wye and Crundale Downs</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader category"><a href="/wiki/Site_of_Special_Scientific_Interest" title="Site of Special Scientific Interest">Site of Special Scientific Interest</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Wye_Downs_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Wye_Downs_1.jpg/220px-Wye_Downs_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Wye_Downs_1.jpg/330px-Wye_Downs_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Wye_Downs_1.jpg/440px-Wye_Downs_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Wye Downs</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sites_of_Special_Scientific_Interest_by_Area_of_Search" title="List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest by Area of Search">Location</a></th><td class="infobox-data region">Kent</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Grid_reference" class="mw-redirect" title="Grid reference">Grid reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion" style="white-space: nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wye_and_Crundale_Downs&params=51.175474_N_0.968582_E_region:GB_scale:25000">TR 076 460</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-dsv_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dsv-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Interest</th><td class="infobox-data category">Biological<br />Geological</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data note">358.3 hectares (885 acres)<sup id="cite_ref-dsv_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dsv-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/SSSI_notification#Notification" class="mw-redirect" title="SSSI notification">Notification</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1989<sup id="cite_ref-dsv_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dsv-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location map</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://magic.defra.gov.uk/MagicMap.aspx?startTopic=Designations&activelayer=sssiIndex&query=HYPERLINK%3D%271003763%27"><i>Magic Map</i></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wye_Downs_DKT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wye_Downs_DKT.jpg/220px-Wye_Downs_DKT.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wye_Downs_DKT.jpg/330px-Wye_Downs_DKT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wye_Downs_DKT.jpg/440px-Wye_Downs_DKT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2130" data-file-height="1577" /></a><figcaption>View from the top of the Devil's Kneading Trough</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wye_Crown_Down.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Wye_Crown_Down.jpg/220px-Wye_Crown_Down.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Wye_Crown_Down.jpg/330px-Wye_Crown_Down.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Wye_Crown_Down.jpg/440px-Wye_Crown_Down.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Wye Crown Down in the winter.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Wye and Crundale Downs</b> is a 358.3-hectare (885-acre) biological and geological <a href="/wiki/Site_of_Special_Scientific_Interest" title="Site of Special Scientific Interest">Site of Special Scientific Interest</a> in a number of separate areas east of <a href="/wiki/Ashford,_Kent" title="Ashford, Kent">Ashford</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kent" title="Kent">Kent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dsv_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dsv-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-map_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a <a href="/wiki/Special_Area_of_Conservation" title="Special Area of Conservation">Special Area of Conservation</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a <a href="/wiki/Nature_Conservation_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Nature Conservation Review">Nature Conservation Review</a> site, Grade I.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it is part of <a href="/wiki/Kent_Downs" title="Kent Downs">Kent Downs</a> <a href="/wiki/Area_of_Outstanding_Natural_Beauty" title="Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty">Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some areas are part of a <a href="/wiki/National_Nature_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="National Nature Reserve">National Nature Reserve</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and another area is listed on the <a href="/wiki/Geological_Conservation_Review" title="Geological Conservation Review">Geological Conservation Review</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most well-known part of the SSSI, usually known as "Wye Downs," is a stretch of <a href="/wiki/Chalk_downland" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalk downland">chalk downland</a> and woodland located on the <a href="/wiki/North_Downs" title="North Downs">North Downs</a> near the village of <a href="/wiki/Wye,_Kent" title="Wye, Kent">Wye</a>. The site is a <a href="/wiki/National_nature_reserve_(United_Kingdom)" title="National nature reserve (United Kingdom)">national nature reserve</a> (NNR) owned and managed by <a href="/wiki/Natural_England" title="Natural England">Natural England</a>, and comprises a chalk <a href="/wiki/Escarpment" title="Escarpment">escarpment</a> dissected by several <a href="/wiki/Combe" title="Combe">coombes</a>, which were formed by <a href="/wiki/Frost_weathering" title="Frost weathering">frost weathering</a> in the period following the last ice age.<sup id="cite_ref-Kerney_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kerney-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most spectacular coombe is known as the Devil's Kneading Trough. </p><p>The field containing Wye Crown is also within the NNR but is privately owned. Originally the Crown was carved in the chalk but is now made of white-painted stone <a href="/wiki/Gabion" title="Gabion">gabions</a>. </p><p>Crundale is a valley situated a few kilometers north of Wye Downs, the main part of which is Winchcombe Down, another chalk escarpment, owned and managed by Natural England, although it is not publicly accessible except along the <a href="/wiki/North_Downs_Way" title="North Downs Way">North Downs Way</a> footpath. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wildlife">Wildlife</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wye_and_Crundale_Downs&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Wildlife"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sites have a variety of habitats, including grassland, calcareous fen meadow, scrub, dry woodland on chalk and wet alder woodland.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Over 21 species of orchids have been recorded at the reserve including one of the UK's rarest species, the <a href="/wiki/Ophrys_fuciflora" class="mw-redirect" title="Ophrys fuciflora">late spider-orchid</a>. Many uncommon species of animals are also found here, including the <a href="/wiki/Hamearis_lucina" title="Hamearis lucina">Duke of Burgundy butterfly</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siona_lineata" title="Siona lineata">black-veined moth</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Access">Access</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wye_and_Crundale_Downs&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Access"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are two public car parks at the top of Wye Downs, along Coldharbour Lane. They are free to use, but a donation is requested (to be paid by mobile phone app). Marked trails extend around Pickersdane Scrubs and Broad Downs, including the Devil's Kneading Trough. The rest of Wye Downs is open to the public, but there are few formal paths. </p><p>Crown Field has is a popular view point and can be accessed via a public footpath from Coldharbour Lane. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wye_and_Crundale_Downs&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Author <a href="/wiki/Russell_Hoban" title="Russell Hoban">Russell Hoban</a> repurposed The Devil's Kneading Trough as "Mr Clevvers Roaling Place" in his 1980, post apocalyptic novel <i><a href="/wiki/Riddley_Walker" title="Riddley Walker">Riddley Walker</a></i>. Withersdane became "Widders Dump"; Wye, "How"; Pet Street , "Pig Sweet", and the Crundale Downs themselves, "Bundel Downs".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wye_and_Crundale_Downs&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-dsv-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dsv_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dsv_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dsv_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dsv_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://designatedsites.naturalengland.org.uk/SiteDetail.aspx?SiteCode=S1003763&SiteName=wye%20&countyCode=&responsiblePerson=&SeaArea=&IFCAArea=">"Designated Sites View: Wye and Crundale Downs"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Devil%60s+Kneading+Trough+%28Quaternary+of+South-East+England%29&rft.series=Geological+Conservation+Review&rft.pub=Joint+Nature+Conservation+Committee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjncc.defra.gov.uk%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fpage%3D4174%26gcr%3D2291&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWye+and+Crundale+Downs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kerney-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kerney_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKerneyBrownChandler1964" class="citation journal cs1">Kerney, M. P.; Brown, E. H.; Chandler, T. J. (1964). "The Late-glacial and Post-glacial history of the Chalk Escarpment near Brook, Kent". <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London</i>. <b>248</b>: 135–204. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frstb.1964.0010">10.1098/rstb.1964.0010</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London&rft.atitle=The+Late-glacial+and+Post-glacial+history+of+the+Chalk+Escarpment+near+Brook%2C+Kent&rft.volume=248&rft.pages=135-204&rft.date=1964&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frstb.1964.0010&rft.aulast=Kerney&rft.aufirst=M.+P.&rft.au=Brown%2C+E.+H.&rft.au=Chandler%2C+T.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWye+and+Crundale+Downs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://designatedsites.naturalengland.org.uk/PDFsForWeb/Citation/1003763.pdf">"Wye and Crundale Downs citation"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wye+and+Crundale+Downs+citation&rft.series=Sites+of+Special+Scientific+Interest&rft.pub=Natural+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdesignatedsites.naturalengland.org.uk%2FPDFsForWeb%2FCitation%2F1003763.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWye+and+Crundale+Downs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.errorbar.net/rw/Places">"Places - Riddley Walker Annotations"</a>. <i>Errorbar</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210729025537/http://www.errorbar.net/rw/Places">Archived</a> from the original on 29 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Errorbar&rft.atitle=Places+-+Riddley+Walker+Annotations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.errorbar.net%2Frw%2FPlaces&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWye+and+Crundale+Downs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMullan2010" class="citation web cs1">Mullan, John (13 November 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2010/nov/13/riddley-walker-russell-hoban-bookclub">"Riddley Walker by Russell Hoban"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210823222800/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2010/nov/13/riddley-walker-russell-hoban-bookclub">Archived</a> from the original on 23 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Riddley+Walker+by+Russell+Hoban&rft.date=2010-11-13&rft.aulast=Mullan&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2010%2Fnov%2F13%2Friddley-walker-russell-hoban-bookclub&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWye+and+Crundale+Downs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ocelotfactory.com/hoban/riddley.html">"Russell Hoban's RIDDLEY WALKER"</a>. <i>Ocelot Factory</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211016200944/http://www.ocelotfactory.com/hoban/riddley.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ocelot+Factory&rft.atitle=Russell+Hoban%27s+RIDDLEY+WALKER&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocelotfactory.com%2Fhoban%2Friddley.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWye+and+Crundale+Downs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wye_and_Crundale_Downs&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.english-nature.org.uk/special/nnr/nnr_details.asp?nnr_name=&C=0&Habitat=6&natural_area=&local_team=0&spotlight_reserve=0&X=&NNR_ID=173">Wye Downs NNR on Natural England website</a></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wye_and_Crundale_Downs&params=51.176_N_0.969_E_type:landmark_region:GB-BNE"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°10′34″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°58′08″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.176°N 0.969°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.176; 0.969</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output 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Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Kent">Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Kent</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Site_of_Special_Scientific_Interest#Biological" title="Site of Special Scientific Interest">Biological</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Farm_Pastures" title="Alex Farm Pastures">Alex Farm Pastures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alkham,_Lydden_and_Swingfield_Woods" title="Alkham, Lydden and Swingfield Woods">Alkham, Lydden and Swingfield Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourne_Alder_Carr" title="Bourne Alder Carr">Bourne Alder Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brookland_Wood" title="Brookland Wood">Brookland Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charing_Beech_Hangers" title="Charing Beech Hangers">Charing Beech Hangers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chattenden_Woods_and_Lodge_Hill" title="Chattenden Woods and Lodge Hill">Chattenden Woods and Lodge Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chequer%27s_Wood_and_Old_Park" title="Chequer's Wood and Old Park">Chequer's Wood and Old Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Woods,_Blean" title="Church Woods, Blean">Church Woods, Blean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobham_Woods" title="Cobham Woods">Cobham Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combwell_Wood" title="Combwell Wood">Combwell Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowden_Meadow" title="Cowden Meadow">Cowden Meadow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowden_Pound_Pastures" title="Cowden Pound Pastures">Cowden Pound Pastures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darenth_Wood" title="Darenth Wood">Darenth Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Cliffs_of_Dover" title="White Cliffs of Dover">Dover to Kingsdown Cliffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Down_Bank" title="Down Bank">Down Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungeness,_Romney_Marsh_and_Rye_Bay" title="Dungeness, Romney Marsh and Rye Bay">Dungeness, Romney Marsh and Rye Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Blean_Woods" title="East Blean Woods">East Blean Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellenden_Wood" title="Ellenden Wood">Ellenden Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farningham_Wood" title="Farningham Wood">Farningham Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folkestone_to_Etchinghill_Escarpment" title="Folkestone to Etchinghill Escarpment">Folkestone to Etchinghill Escarpment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folkestone_Warren" title="Folkestone Warren">Folkestone Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibbin%27s_Brook" title="Gibbin's Brook">Gibbin's Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Crabbles_Wood" title="Great Crabbles Wood">Great Crabbles Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Shuttlesfield_Down" title="Great Shuttlesfield Down">Great Shuttlesfield Down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halling_to_Trottiscliffe_Escarpment" title="Halling to Trottiscliffe Escarpment">Halling to Trottiscliffe Escarpment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ham_Street_Woods" title="Ham Street Woods">Ham Street Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatch_Park" title="Hatch Park">Hatch Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoad%27s_Wood" title="Hoad's Wood">Hoad's Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holborough_to_Burham_Marshes" title="Holborough to Burham Marshes">Holborough to Burham Marshes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollingbourne_Downs" title="Hollingbourne Downs">Hollingbourne Downs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hothfield_Common" title="Hothfield Common">Hothfield Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ileden_and_Oxenden_Woods" title="Ileden and Oxenden Woods">Ileden and Oxenden Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knole_Park" title="Knole Park">Knole Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larkey_Valley_Wood" title="Larkey Valley Wood">Larkey Valley Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lullingstone_Country_Park" title="Lullingstone Country Park">Lullingstone Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydden_and_Temple_Ewell_Downs" title="Lydden and Temple Ewell Downs">Lydden and Temple Ewell Downs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lympne_Escarpment" title="Lympne Escarpment">Lympne Escarpment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynsore_Bottom" title="Lynsore Bottom">Lynsore Bottom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magpie_Bottom" title="Magpie Bottom">Magpie Bottom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marden_Meadows" title="Marden Meadows">Marden Meadows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medway_Estuary_and_Marshes" title="Medway Estuary and Marshes">Medway Estuary and Marshes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northward_Hill" title="Northward Hill">Northward Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldbury_and_Seal_Chart" title="Oldbury and Seal Chart">Oldbury and Seal Chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Tree_Hill_and_Bitchet_Common" title="One Tree Hill and Bitchet Common">One Tree Hill and Bitchet Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlestone_Forest" title="Orlestone Forest">Orlestone Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otford_to_Shoreham_Downs" title="Otford to Shoreham Downs">Otford to Shoreham Downs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Wood,_Chilham" title="Park Wood, Chilham">Park Wood, Chilham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Gate_Down" title="Park Gate Down">Parkgate Down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsonage_Wood" title="Parsonage Wood">Parsonage Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter%27s_Pit" title="Peter's Pit">Peter's Pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polebrook_Farm" title="Polebrook Farm">Polebrook Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preston_Marshes" title="Preston Marshes">Preston Marshes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purple_Hill" title="Purple Hill">Purple Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queendown_Warren" title="Queendown Warren">Queendown Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Beult" title="River Beult">River Beult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robins_Wood" title="Robins Wood">Robins Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandwich_Bay_to_Hacklinge_Marshes" title="Sandwich Bay to Hacklinge Marshes">Sandwich Bay to Hacklinge Marshes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scord%27s_Wood_and_Brockhoult_Mount" title="Scord's Wood and Brockhoult Mount">Scord's Wood and Brockhoult Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotney_Castle_SSSI" title="Scotney Castle SSSI">Scotney Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seabrook_Stream" title="Seabrook Stream">Seabrook Stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevenoaks_Wildlife_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Sevenoaks Wildlife Reserve">Sevenoaks Gravel Pits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheppey_Cliffs_and_Foreshore" title="Sheppey Cliffs and Foreshore">Sheppey Cliffs and Foreshore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorne_Woods_Country_Park" title="Shorne Woods Country Park">Shorne and Ashenbank Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sissinghurst_Park_Wood" title="Sissinghurst Park Wood">Sissinghurst Park Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Thames_Estuary_and_Marshes" title="South Thames Estuary and Marshes">South Thames Estuary and Marshes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stodmarsh_SSSI" title="Stodmarsh SSSI">Stodmarsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Swale" title="The Swale">The Swale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tankerton_Slopes" title="Tankerton Slopes">Tankerton Slopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanet_Coast" title="Thanet Coast">Thanet Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trottiscliffe_Meadows" title="Trottiscliffe Meadows">Trottiscliffe Meadows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Blean_and_Thornden_Woods" title="West Blean and Thornden Woods">West Blean and Thornden Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westerham_Mines" title="Westerham Mines">Westerham Mines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westerham_Wood" title="Westerham Wood">Westerham Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wouldham_to_Detling_Escarpment" title="Wouldham to Detling Escarpment">Wouldham to Detling Escarpment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wye_Downs" class="mw-redirect" title="Wye Downs">Wye and Crundale Downs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yockletts_Bank" title="Yockletts Bank">Yockletts Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Site_of_Special_Scientific_Interest#Geological" title="Site of Special Scientific Interest">Geological</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allington_Quarry" title="Allington Quarry">Allington Quarry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aylesford_Pit" title="Aylesford Pit">Aylesford Pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker%27s_Hole" title="Baker's Hole">Baker's Hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chequer%27s_Wood_and_Old_Park" title="Chequer's Wood and Old Park">Chequer's Wood and Old Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalham_Farm" title="Dalham Farm">Dalham Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Cliffs_of_Dover" title="White Cliffs of Dover">Dover to Kingsdown Cliffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dryhill_Nature_Reserve" title="Dryhill Nature Reserve">Dryhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungeness,_Romney_Marsh_and_Rye_Bay" title="Dungeness, Romney Marsh and Rye Bay">Dungeness, Romney Marsh and Rye Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folkestone_to_Etchinghill_Escarpment" title="Folkestone to Etchinghill Escarpment">Folkestone to Etchinghill Escarpment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folkestone_Warren" title="Folkestone Warren">Folkestone Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greatness_Brickworks" title="Greatness Brickworks">Greatness Brickworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hart_Hill,_Kent" title="Hart Hill, Kent">Hart Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Rocks" title="High Rocks">High Rocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houlder_and_Monarch_Hill_Pits,_Upper_Halling" title="Houlder and Monarch Hill Pits, Upper Halling">Houlder and Monarch Hill Pits, Upper Halling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubbard%27s_Hill" title="Hubbard's Hill">Hubbard's Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenham_Quarry" title="Lenham Quarry">Lenham Quarry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oaken_Wood" title="Oaken Wood">Oaken Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otterpool_Quarry" title="Otterpool Quarry">Otterpool Quarry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembury_Cutting_and_Pit" title="Pembury Cutting and Pit">Pembury Cutting and Pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusthall_Common" title="Rusthall Common">Rusthall Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandwich_Bay_to_Hacklinge_Marshes" title="Sandwich Bay to Hacklinge Marshes">Sandwich Bay to Hacklinge Marshes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheppey_Cliffs_and_Foreshore" title="Sheppey Cliffs and Foreshore">Sheppey Cliffs and Foreshore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southborough_Pit" title="Southborough Pit">Southborough Pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spot_Lane_Quarry" title="Spot Lane Quarry">Spot Lane Quarry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturry_Pit" title="Sturry Pit">Sturry Pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swanscombe_Heritage_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Swanscombe Heritage Park">Swanscombe Skull Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanet_Coast" title="Thanet Coast">Thanet Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Hill_to_Cockham_Wood" title="Tower Hill to Cockham Wood">Tower Hill to Cockham Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wansunt_Pit" title="Wansunt Pit">Wansunt Pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wateringbury_SSSI" title="Wateringbury SSSI">Wateringbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wouldham_to_Detling_Escarpment" title="Wouldham to Detling Escarpment">Wouldham to Detling Escarpment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wye_Downs" class="mw-redirect" title="Wye Downs">Wye and Crundale Downs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wye_and_Crundale_Downs&oldid=1130718016">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wye_and_Crundale_Downs&oldid=1130718016</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" 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