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Consequences subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Practices_and_Consequences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Forced_abortions_by_the_Nigerian_Army" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forced_abortions_by_the_Nigerian_Army"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Forced abortions by the Nigerian Army</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Forced_abortions_by_the_Nigerian_Army-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Causes_for_abortion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Causes_for_abortion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Causes for abortion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Causes_for_abortion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutrality</a> of this article is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV_dispute" title="Wikipedia:NPOV dispute">disputed</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Abortion_in_Nigeria##" title="Talk:Abortion in Nigeria">talk page</a>. Please do not remove this message until <a href="/wiki/Template:POV#When_to_remove" title="Template:POV">conditions to do so are met</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">Abortion</a> is a controversial topic in <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>. <b>Abortion in Nigeria</b> is governed by the two laws that differs greatly depending on geographical location. Northern Nigeria is governed by The <a href="/wiki/Penal_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="Penal Code">Penal Code</a> and Southern Nigeria is governed by The <a href="/wiki/Criminal_code" title="Criminal code">Criminal Code</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The only legal way to have an abortion in Nigeria is if having the child is going to put the mother's life in danger.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, <a href="/wiki/Sex-selective_abortion" title="Sex-selective abortion">sex-selective abortion</a> has long had acceptance in Nigeria.<sup id="cite_ref-sexselective_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sexselective-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sexualselective_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sexualselective-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nigerian_Law">Nigerian Law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Nigeria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Nigerian Law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>'s abortion laws make it one of the most restrictive countries regarding abortion.<sup id="cite_ref-Love_Matters_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Love_Matters-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nigeria's criminal law system is divided between the northern and southern states of Nigeria. </p><p>The Criminal Code is currently enforced in southern states. The abortion laws of the Criminal Code are expressed within sections 228, 229, and 230.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Section 228 states that any doctor providing a miscarriage to a woman is guilty of a felony and up to 14 years of imprisonment. Section 229 states that any woman obtaining a miscarriage is guilty of a felony and may be sentenced to imprisonment for up to 7 years. Section 230 states that anyone supplying anything intended for a woman's miscarriage is also guilty of a felony and may be sentenced to up to 3 years of imprisonment.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Penal Code operates in northern states, with abortion laws contained in sections 232, 233, and 234. The sections of the Penal Code parallel the Criminal Code, besides the exception for abortion with the purpose of saving the life of the mother. The Penal Code's punishments include imprisonment, fine, or both.<sup id="cite_ref-Love_Matters_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Love_Matters-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The offenses of these codes are punishable regardless of whether the miscarriage was successful.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No provisions have been made to the Criminal Code making exceptions for the preservations of the mother's life. However, the cases of <i>Rex vs Edgar</i> and <i>Rex vs <a href="/wiki/Aleck_Bourne" title="Aleck Bourne">Bourne</a></i> have made it generally accepted that abortion performed to preserve the mother's life is not an appropriate transgression of the Criminal Code.<sup id="cite_ref-Love_Matters_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Love_Matters-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statistics">Statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Nigeria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many <a href="/wiki/Nigerian" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigerian">Nigerian</a> women seek unsafe abortion methods to avoid criminal and social penalties, leading to abortion-related complications and increasing <a href="/wiki/Mortality_rate" title="Mortality rate">mortality</a> and <a href="/wiki/Morbidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Morbidity">morbidity rates</a> in the country. According to research done by the <a href="/wiki/Guttmacher_Institute" title="Guttmacher Institute">Guttmacher Institute</a>, an estimated 456,000 unsafe abortions are done in Nigeria every year.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a joint study carried out by the Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians of Nigeria and Nigeria's <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Health_(Nigeria)" title="Federal Ministry of Health (Nigeria)">Ministry of Health</a>, the number of women who engage in unsafe abortion was estimated at 20,000 each year.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Research has revealed that only 40% of abortions are performed by physicians with improved health facilities while the remaining percentage are performed by non-physicians.<sup id="cite_ref-nigeria_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nigeria-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2020 study of Nigerian abortion experiences found that most respondents were non-Catholic Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-Bell_Omoluabi_OlaOlorun_Shankar_2020_p._e001814_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bell_Omoluabi_OlaOlorun_Shankar_2020_p._e001814-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Nigeria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Throughout history, Nigeria's abortion laws have mobilized several groups and movements with opposing missions regarding the liberalization of abortion laws and the promotion of women's rights. In the 1972 conference of the <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Medical_Association" title="Nigerian Medical Association">Nigerian Medical Association</a> (NMA), the first attempts were made to reform abortion laws in Nigeria. However, a lack of support caused no revisions to result from this attempt. In 1975, the National Population Council further advocated for women's access to safe and legal abortion on the basis of promoting the health and well-being of the mother. Defended by the NMA and the Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians of Nigeria (SOGON), this sparked a controversy in 1976. At the yearly SOGON convention, the Prime Minister of Health gave a speech noting the possibility of national reform of abortion laws.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1981, the <a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Women%27s_Societies" title="National Council of Women's Societies">National Council of Women's Societies</a> countered SOGON's proposed bill regarding the termination of pregnancy, preventing it from reaching the House of Representatives. The National Council of Women's Societies expressed that more efforts should be put towards <a href="/wiki/Family_planning" title="Family planning">family planning</a> education and prevention of pregnancy outside of marriage. They expected the parents of the House to enforce strong moral values for the country.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1998, the Women's Health Research Network of Nigeria emerged with the purpose of promoting research and encouraging other groups to advocate and unite around women's health issues.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Campaign Against Unwanted Pregnancy (CAUP) was created in 1991 with the mission of defending women's sexual and reproductive rights and eliminating unsafe abortion. In 1992, CAUP organized a reform meeting in which the Minister of Health and NMA president reviewed legislation regarding abortion. However, this reform was met with much opposition and was not successful. An important goal of the CAUP is public health education. In 1997, they established the Action Group for Adolescent Health (AGAH), in which they trained medical students to become public educators on sexual and reproductive health. From 1999 to 2004, CAUP organized many workshops and lectures on sexual health and women's rights with the hope of empowering Nigerian citizens with the knowledge to lead a healthy lifestyle and advocate for change. The focus of CAUP since 2002 has been abortion bill reform. A group of experts collaborated to outline changes in 2003. As of 2004, the bill was in its eighth stage of revision.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015 The Violence Against Persons Prohibition Act (VAPP) was passed into law. This act is meant to provide sexual assault and relationship violence survivors with aid. This act is helping women get the <a href="/wiki/Birth_control" title="Birth control">contraceptives</a> they need to prevent unwanted pregnancy, the leading cause of abortions.<sup id="cite_ref-DePaul_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DePaul-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite the combined and continued efforts of various Nigerian and International advocacy groups, only a woman whose life is endangered can undergo a legally performed abortion today.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Practices_and_Consequences">Practices and Consequences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Nigeria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Practices and Consequences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many regions in Africa are known for their unsafe practices in health care and disease, specifically when it comes to young pregnant women and abortion. A major problem in these regions is that access to adequate health care is limited, meaning that options for safe healthcare practices are not easily accessible, and some turn to unsafe methods of handling their pregnancies. Abortion accounts for 40% of <a href="/wiki/Maternal_death" title="Maternal death">maternal deaths</a> in Nigeria, making it the second leading cause of maternal mortality in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Healthcare systems in African countries have failed to make the proper changes to ensure a better future for their citizens. The government has either failed to make these issues a priority or they have attempted to introduce policies that had the opposite result of what was desired.<sup id="cite_ref-Unwanted2016_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unwanted2016-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Specifically in Nigeria, religious and cultural factors are major reasons behind the failure to address certain abortion issues. </p><p>Many of the issues surrounding unsafe abortion focus on adolescents.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although unsafe abortion practices do affect most of the sexually active women in the country, it is believed that adolescents may require special circumstances and could be a reason for change in this area. Adolescents are the most in need of these services; if they adopt safe practices to avoid unplanned pregnancies, these problems could start to decline. In Nigeria, teens are the most likely not to use contraceptives to avoid pregnancy and the most likely to turn to unsafe abortion practices.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Contraceptive use is a common issue for teens in Nigeria and there are no services to support this. Contraceptives are an important resource in a community where abortion and high fertility is an issue. </p><p>The need for increased access to safe abortion practices in Nigeria is very apparent. There are several different methods used to try and ensure a healthy and safe approach to abortions, but Nigeria has not always been able to keep up with the costs of these medical advances. In Nigeria, there are three <a href="/wiki/Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">first-trimester</a> safe practices that are utilized to compare costs and effectiveness. Hospital-based <a href="/wiki/Dilatation_and_curettage" class="mw-redirect" title="Dilatation and curettage">dilatation and curettage</a>, hospital-and clinic-based <a href="/wiki/Manual_vacuum_aspiration" class="mw-redirect" title="Manual vacuum aspiration">manual vacuum aspiration</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Medical_abortion" title="Medical abortion">medical abortion</a> using misoprostol are all considered to be huge cost savings and ultimately in the mother's best interest. </p><p>Prior to women practicing these medically safer and more cost-effective methods, the rate of self-induced abortions was extremely high relative to other countries and regions. The side effects of using other methods have proved to be damaging to the mothers, resulting in high fevers, urinary tract infections, and genital trauma. </p><p>There are also issues where the women who did induce their own abortions did so incorrectly and could have caused other complications by overdosing on <a href="/wiki/Misoprostol" title="Misoprostol">misoprostol</a> – a method that is most commonly used safely and cost effectively. An important aspect to take into consideration is that Nigeria is a region where there are low health system requirements and where they strive to use non-surgical options.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Forced_abortions_by_the_Nigerian_Army">Forced abortions by the Nigerian Army</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Nigeria&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Forced abortions by the Nigerian Army"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2022, <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> reported that the Nigerian military conducted a mass-abortion program at least since 2013 in Northeastern Nigeria, where women separated from Islamic insurgents who had impregnated them. Over 10,000 pregnancies have been terminated without the mothers' knowledge or consent. The women were forcibly administered abortion-inducing injections and pills without being told what the medications were for, and after the abortion was completed they were told not to tell anyone about it. Some women died in these forced abortions, despite the procedures being carried out by medical professionals. Some of the women stated they would not have chosen to have an abortion if given a choice. Forced abortions were illegal under both civilian and military laws in Nigeria.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Causes_for_abortion">Causes for abortion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Nigeria&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Causes for abortion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Unwanted pregnancies are the leading causes of abortions in Nigeria. Unwanted pregnancies have many causes. Nigeria's growing economy and increasing urbanization are making the price of living higher. This is making it more necessary for women to be working, as well as men, to help support the family. When there are more children it becomes harder for the women to concentrate on their works because they are expected to take care of the family first, thus women would rather be working than being pregnant or taking care of their children.<sup id="cite_ref-Unwanted2016_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unwanted2016-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another reason for the high rates of unwanted pregnancies in Nigeria is lack of family planning which cause most women not to take their contraceptives. This is as a result that most women lack the education on the use of contraceptives, as well as they lack access to health care units and the use of the contraceptive products in Nigeria. </p><p>So also these ill-literacy on the use of contraceptives and the trend of uneducated women with too many children, who end up with unwanted pregnancies causes too many abortions. Both of these groups of women live in rural areas, where healthcare centres are spread out from one end to the other and are hard to find. The government do not care to make campaigns to help educate the public on family planning and contraceptives and so the women do not get as much advertisement.<sup id="cite_ref-Unwanted2016_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unwanted2016-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nigerian women want to give birth to at least 6.7 children in every family they are as a member. They have 25 years from the ages of 20-45 where they are mostly likely to get pregnant. They spend around 15 of those years being pregnant, trying to get pregnant, and not having sex immediately after pregnancy, as accustomed in Nigerian culture. This equates to them having around ten childbearing years where they do not want to be pregnant. </p><p>Nigerian women have a long span of their life where an unwanted pregnancy can take place, thus these women need contraceptives to make sure an unwanted pregnancy will not occur.<sup id="cite_ref-Unwanted2016_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unwanted2016-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, it has also been acknowledged that <a href="/wiki/Sex-selective_abortion" title="Sex-selective abortion">sex-selective abortion</a> has long been a common practice in Nigeria but this practice of <a href="/wiki/Sex-selective_abortion" title="Sex-selective abortion">sex-selective abortion</a> is gradually going extinct as education and civilization is playing a major role in public enlightenment and awareness.<sup id="cite_ref-sexselective_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sexselective-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sexualselective_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sexualselective-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Nigeria&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Nigeria" title="Women in Nigeria">Women in Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Nigeria" title="Health in Nigeria">Health in Nigeria</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Nigeria&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VB_xAAAAMAAJ"><i>Abortion Law in Nigeria: The Way Forward</i></a>. Women's Health and Action Research Centre. 2000. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-978-044-770-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-978-044-770-0"><bdi>978-978-044-770-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abortion+Law+in+Nigeria%3A+The+Way+Forward&rft.pub=Women%27s+Health+and+Action+Research+Centre&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-978-044-770-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVB_xAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbortion+in+Nigeria" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIrehobhude_O._IyiohaRemigius_N._Nwabueze2015" class="citation book cs1">Irehobhude O. Iyioha; Remigius N. Nwabueze (28 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HqQQBgAAQBAJ"><i>Comparative Health Law and Policy: Critical Perspectives on Nigerian and Global Health Law</i></a>. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4724-3677-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4724-3677-1"><bdi>978-1-4724-3677-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Comparative+Health+Law+and+Policy%3A+Critical+Perspectives+on+Nigerian+and+Global+Health+Law&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing%2C+Ltd.&rft.date=2015-02-28&rft.isbn=978-1-4724-3677-1&rft.au=Irehobhude+O.+Iyioha&rft.au=Remigius+N.+Nwabueze&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHqQQBgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbortion+in+Nigeria" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Nigeria&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mondaq.com/nigeria/public-order/293894/a-reformatory-approach-to-the-criminal-justice-system-in-nigeria#:~:text=In%20respect%20to%20substantive%20law,applies%20in%20the%20Northern%20States">"A Reformatory Approach to the Criminal Justice System in Nigeria. - Public Order - Nigeria"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Reformatory+Approach+to+the+Criminal+Justice+System+in+Nigeria.+-+Public+Order+-+Nigeria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mondaq.com%2Fnigeria%2Fpublic-order%2F293894%2Fa-reformatory-approach-to-the-criminal-justice-system-in-nigeria%23%3A~%3Atext%3DIn%2520respect%2520to%2520substantive%2520law%2Capplies%2520in%2520the%2520Northern%2520States&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbortion+in+Nigeria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/abortion/doc/nigeria.doc">"Abortion Policy - Nigeria"</a>. <i>The United Nations</i>. 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style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Nigeria" title="Corruption in Nigeria">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Nigeria" title="Demographics of Nigeria">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organized_crime_in_Nigeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Organized crime in Nigeria">Organized crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharia_in_Nigeria" title="Sharia in Nigeria">Sharia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Abortion_in_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Abortion_in_Africa" title="Template:Abortion in Africa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Abortion_in_Africa" title="Template talk:Abortion in Africa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Abortion_in_Africa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Abortion in Africa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Abortion_in_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Africa" title="Abortion in Africa">Abortion in Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Algeria" title="Abortion in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Angola" title="Abortion in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Benin" title="Abortion in Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Botswana" title="Abortion in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Burkina_Faso" title="Abortion in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Burundi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortion in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Cameroon" title="Abortion in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Cape_Verde" title="Abortion in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Abortion in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Chad" title="Abortion in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Comoros" title="Abortion in the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (page does not exist)">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in the Republic of the Congo (page does not exist)">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Djibouti (page does not exist)">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Egypt" title="Abortion in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Abortion in Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Eritrea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Eritrea (page does not exist)">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Eswatini" title="Abortion in Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Ethiopia" title="Abortion in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Gabon" title="Abortion in Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Gambia" title="Abortion in the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Ghana" title="Abortion in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Guinea" title="Abortion in Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Guinea-Bissau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Guinea-Bissau (page does not exist)">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Ivory_Coast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Ivory Coast (page does not exist)">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Kenya" title="Abortion in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Lesotho" title="Abortion in Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Liberia" title="Abortion in Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Libya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Libya (page does not exist)">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Madagascar" title="Abortion in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Malawi" title="Abortion in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Mali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Mali (page does not exist)">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Mauritania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Mauritania (page does not exist)">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Mauritius" title="Abortion in Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Morocco" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortion in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Mozambique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Mozambique (page does not exist)">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Namibia" title="Abortion in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Niger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Niger (page does not exist)">Niger</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Rwanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Rwanda (page does not exist)">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in São Tomé and Príncipe (page does not exist)">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Senegal" title="Abortion in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Seychelles" title="Abortion in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Sierra_Leone" title="Abortion in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Somalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Somalia (page does not exist)">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_South_Africa" title="Abortion in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_South_Sudan" title="Abortion in South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Sudan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Sudan (page does not exist)">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Tanzania" title="Abortion in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Togo" title="Abortion in Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tunisia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Tunisia (page does not exist)">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Uganda" title="Abortion in Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Zambia" title="Abortion in Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Zimbabwe" title="Abortion in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">States with limited<br />recognition</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (page does not exist)">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Somaliland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Somaliland (page does not exist)">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_the_Canary_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in the Canary Islands (page does not exist)">Canary Islands</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Ceuta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Ceuta (page does not exist)">Ceuta</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Melilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Melilla (page does not exist)">Melilla</a>  <span style="font-size:85%;">(Spain)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Madeira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Madeira (page does not exist)">Madeira</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Portugal)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Mayotte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Mayotte (page does not exist)">Mayotte</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_R%C3%A9union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Réunion (page does not exist)">Réunion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(France)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Saint_Helena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Saint Helena (page does not exist)">Saint Helena</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Ascension_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Ascension Island (page does not exist)">Ascension Island</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tristan_da_Cunha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abortion in Tristan da Cunha (page does not exist)">Tristan da Cunha</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(United Kingdom)</span></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Abortion" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Abortion" title="Template:Abortion"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Abortion" title="Template talk:Abortion"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Abortion" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Abortion"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Abortion" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">Abortion</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Definitions_of_abortion" title="Definitions of abortion">Definitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_abortion" title="History of abortion">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Methods_of_abortion" title="Category:Methods of abortion">Methods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_debate" title="Abortion debate">Abortion debate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_aspects_of_the_abortion_debate" title="Philosophical aspects of the abortion debate">Philosophical aspects</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_law" title="Abortion law">Abortion law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion-rights_movements" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortion-rights movements">Abortion-rights movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-abortion_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-abortion movement">Anti-abortion movements</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_and_mental_health" title="Abortion and mental health">Abortion and mental health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beginning_of_human_personhood" title="Beginning of human personhood">Beginning of human personhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beginning_of_pregnancy_controversy" title="Beginning of pregnancy controversy">Beginning of pregnancy controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion%E2%80%93breast_cancer_hypothesis" title="Abortion–breast cancer hypothesis">Abortion-breast cancer hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-abortion_violence" title="Anti-abortion violence">Anti-abortion violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_under_communism" title="Abortion under communism">Abortion under communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control" title="Birth control">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crisis_pregnancy_center" title="Crisis pregnancy center">Crisis pregnancy center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_aspects_of_abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethical aspects of abortion">Ethical aspects of abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics">Eugenics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetal_rights" title="Fetal rights">Fetal rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_abortion" title="Forced abortion">Forced abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetics_and_abortion" title="Genetics and abortion">Genetics and abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late-term_abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Late-term abortion">Late-term abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legalized_abortion_and_crime_effect" title="Legalized abortion and crime effect">Legalized abortion and crime effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_perspectives_on_abortion" title="Libertarian perspectives on abortion">Libertarian perspectives on abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limit_of_viability" class="mw-redirect" title="Limit of viability">Limit of viability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malthusianism" title="Malthusianism">Malthusianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Men's rights">Men's rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minors_and_abortion" title="Minors and abortion">Minors and abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misinformation_related_to_abortion" title="Misinformation related to abortion">Misinformation related to abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalism" title="Natalism">Natalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-child_policy" title="One-child policy">One-child policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paternal_rights_and_abortion" title="Paternal rights and abortion">Paternal rights and abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-abortion_care" title="Post-abortion care">Post-abortion care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prenatal_development" title="Prenatal development">Prenatal development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_rights" title="Reproductive rights">Reproductive rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-induced_abortion" title="Self-induced abortion">Self-induced abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-selective_abortion" title="Sex-selective abortion">Sex-selective abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_counseling" title="Sidewalk counseling">Sidewalk counseling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Societal_attitudes_towards_abortion" title="Societal attitudes towards abortion">Societal attitudes towards abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_perspectives_on_abortion" title="Socialist perspectives on abortion">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Termination_for_medical_reasons" title="Termination for medical reasons">Termination for medical reasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxic_abortion" title="Toxic abortion">Toxic abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unsafe_abortion" title="Unsafe abortion">Unsafe abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" title="Women's rights">Women's rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Africa" title="Abortion in Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Algeria" title="Abortion in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Angola" title="Abortion in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Benin" title="Abortion in Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Botswana" title="Abortion in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Burkina_Faso" title="Abortion in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Burundi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortion in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Cameroon" title="Abortion in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Cape_Verde" title="Abortion in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Abortion in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Chad" title="Abortion in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Comoros" title="Abortion in the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Egypt" title="Abortion in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Abortion in Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Eswatini" title="Abortion in Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Gabon" title="Abortion in Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Gambia" title="Abortion in the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Ghana" title="Abortion in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Guinea" title="Abortion in Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Kenya" title="Abortion in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Lesotho" title="Abortion in Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Liberia" title="Abortion in Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Madagascar" title="Abortion in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Malawi" title="Abortion in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Mauritius" title="Abortion in Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Namibia" title="Abortion in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Senegal" title="Abortion in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Seychelles" title="Abortion in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Sierra_Leone" title="Abortion in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_South_Africa" title="Abortion in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Tanzania" title="Abortion in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Togo" title="Abortion in Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Uganda" title="Abortion in Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Zambia" title="Abortion in Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Zimbabwe" title="Abortion in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Afghanistan" title="Abortion in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Armenia" title="Abortion in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Azerbaijan" title="Abortion in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Bahrain" title="Abortion in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Bangladesh" title="Abortion in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Bhutan" title="Abortion in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Brunei" title="Abortion in Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Cambodia" title="Abortion in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_China" title="Abortion in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Cyprus" title="Abortion in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_East_Timor" title="Abortion in East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Abortion in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_India" title="Abortion in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Iran" title="Abortion in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Israel" title="Abortion in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Japan" title="Abortion in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Kazakhstan" title="Abortion in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_North_Korea" title="Abortion in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_South_Korea" title="Abortion in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Laos" title="Abortion in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Lebanon" title="Abortion in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Malaysia" title="Abortion in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Nepal" title="Abortion in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Abortion in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Philippines" title="Abortion in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Qatar" title="Abortion in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Abortion in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Singapore" title="Abortion in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Taiwan" title="Abortion in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Turkey" title="Abortion in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortion in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Vietnam" title="Abortion in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Yemen" title="Abortion in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Europe" title="Abortion in Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Albania" title="Abortion in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Andorra" title="Abortion in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Austria" title="Abortion in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Belarus" title="Abortion in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Belgium" title="Abortion in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Abortion in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Bulgaria" title="Abortion in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Croatia" title="Abortion in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortion in Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Denmark" title="Abortion in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Estonia" title="Abortion in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Finland" title="Abortion in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_France" title="Abortion in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Germany" title="Abortion in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Greece" title="Abortion in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Hungary" title="Abortion in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Iceland" title="Abortion in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Abortion in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Italy" title="Abortion in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Kazakhstan" title="Abortion in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Latvia" title="Abortion in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Liechtenstein" title="Abortion in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Lithuania" title="Abortion in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Luxembourg" title="Abortion in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Malta" title="Abortion in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Moldova" title="Abortion in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Monaco" title="Abortion in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Montenegro" title="Abortion in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Netherlands" title="Abortion in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_North_Macedonia" title="Abortion in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Norway" title="Abortion in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Poland" title="Abortion in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Portugal" title="Abortion in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Romania" title="Abortion in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Russia" title="Abortion in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_San_Marino" title="Abortion in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Serbia" title="Abortion in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Slovakia" title="Abortion in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Slovenia" title="Abortion in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Spain" title="Abortion in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Sweden" title="Abortion in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Switzerland" title="Abortion in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Ukraine" title="Abortion in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Abortion in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Bahamas" title="Abortion in the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Belize" title="Abortion in Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Canada" title="Abortion in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Costa_Rica" title="Abortion in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Cuba" title="Abortion in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Abortion in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_El_Salvador" title="Abortion in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Guatemala" title="Abortion in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Honduras" title="Abortion in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Mexico" title="Abortion in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Nicaragua" title="Abortion in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Panama" title="Abortion in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Abortion in Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_law_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortion law in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Australia" title="Abortion in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Abortion in the Federated States of Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Fiji" title="Abortion in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Kiribati" title="Abortion in Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Marshall_Islands" title="Abortion in the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_New_Zealand" title="Abortion in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Abortion in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Samoa" title="Abortion in Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Solomon_Islands" title="Abortion in the Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Tonga" title="Abortion in Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Tuvalu" title="Abortion in Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Vanuatu" title="Abortion in Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Argentina" title="Abortion in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Bolivia" title="Abortion in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Brazil" title="Abortion in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Chile" title="Abortion in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Colombia" title="Abortion in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Ecuador" title="Abortion in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Guyana" title="Abortion in Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Paraguay" title="Abortion in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Peru" title="Abortion in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Suriname" title="Abortion in Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Uruguay" title="Abortion in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Venezuela" title="Abortion in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Abortion_law" title="Abortion law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Abortion_case_law" title="Category:Abortion case law">Case law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Abortion_constitutional_law" title="Category:Abortion constitutional law">Constitutional law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_abortion#Legal:_History_of_abortion_law" title="History of abortion">History of abortion law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_law#National_laws" title="Abortion law">Laws by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_protection_of_access_to_abortion" title="Legal protection of access to abortion">Buffer zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objection_to_abortion" title="Conscientious objection to abortion">Conscientious objection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetal_rights" title="Fetal rights">Fetal protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six-week_abortion_ban" class="mw-redirect" title="Six-week abortion ban">Six-week bans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informed_consent#Abortion" title="Informed consent">Informed consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late-term_abortion#Legal_restrictions_on_later_abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Late-term abortion">Late-term restrictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minors_and_abortion" title="Minors and abortion">Parental involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paternal_rights_and_abortion#Men_and_abortion_in_law" title="Paternal rights and abortion">Spousal consent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Methods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_aspiration" title="Vacuum aspiration">Vacuum aspiration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilation_and_evacuation" title="Dilation and evacuation">Dilation and evacuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilation_and_curettage" title="Dilation and curettage">Dilation and curettage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intact_dilation_and_extraction" title="Intact dilation and extraction">Intact D&X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysterotomy_abortion" title="Hysterotomy abortion">Hysterotomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instillation_abortion" title="Instillation abortion">Instillation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menstrual_extraction" title="Menstrual extraction">Menstrual extraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_abortion" title="Medical abortion">Medical abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortifacient" title="Abortifacient">Abortifacient drugs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methotrexate" title="Methotrexate">Methotrexate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mifepristone" title="Mifepristone">Mifepristone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misoprostol" title="Misoprostol">Misoprostol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxytocin" title="Oxytocin">Oxytocin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-induced_abortion" title="Self-induced abortion">Self-induced abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unsafe_abortion" title="Unsafe abortion">Unsafe abortion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_abortion" title="Religion and abortion">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_abortion" title="Buddhism and abortion">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_abortion" title="Christianity and abortion">Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_abortion" title="Catholic Church and abortion">Catholicism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_abortion" title="Hinduism and abortion">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_abortion" title="Islam and abortion">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaism_and_abortion" title="Judaism and abortion">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology_and_abortion" title="Scientology and abortion">Scientology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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