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<span>Middle Eastern Americans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Eastern_Americans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-African_Americans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#African_Americans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>African Americans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-African_Americans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Native_Americans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Native_Americans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Native Americans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Native_Americans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asian_Americans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asian_Americans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Asian Americans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asian_Americans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-East_Asian_Americans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#East_Asian_Americans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.1</span> <span>East Asian Americans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-East_Asian_Americans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Asian_Americans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Asian_Americans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.2</span> <span>South Asian Americans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Asian_Americans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southeast_Asian_Americans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southeast_Asian_Americans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.3</span> <span>Southeast Asian Americans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southeast_Asian_Americans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pacific_Islander_Americans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pacific_Islander_Americans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Pacific Islander Americans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pacific_Islander_Americans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Americans_of_some_other_race" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Americans_of_some_other_race"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>Americans of some other race</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Americans_of_some_other_race-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hispanic_and_Latino_Californians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hispanic_and_Latino_Californians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9.1</span> <span>Hispanic and Latino Californians</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hispanic_and_Latino_Californians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancestries_of_Californians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancestries_of_Californians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ancestries of Californians</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancestries_of_Californians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Country_of_birth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Country_of_birth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Country of birth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Country_of_birth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Birth_data" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Birth_data"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Birth data</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Birth_data-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Income_and_socioeconomic_factors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Income_and_socioeconomic_factors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Income and socioeconomic factors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Income_and_socioeconomic_factors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="line-height:120%"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ddddff">Demographics of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:California_population_pyramid_in_2019.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/California_population_pyramid_in_2019.svg/350px-California_population_pyramid_in_2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/California_population_pyramid_in_2019.svg/525px-California_population_pyramid_in_2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/California_population_pyramid_in_2019.svg/700px-California_population_pyramid_in_2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3189" data-file-height="2586" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Population pyramid of California in 2019</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">38,940,231 (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-CaliforniaDecline2023_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CaliforniaDecline2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> is the most populous <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">US state</a>, with an estimated population of 38.9 million as of 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-CaliforniaDecline2023_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CaliforniaDecline2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has people from a wide variety of <a href="/wiki/Ethnicity" title="Ethnicity">ethnic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Race_(human_categorization)" title="Race (human categorization)">racial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nationality" title="Nationality">national</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religious</a> backgrounds. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="sr-only">Note</span></th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1850_United_States_census" title="1850 United States census">1850</a></th><td>92,597</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th><td>379,994</td><td></td><td>310.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th><td>560,247</td><td></td><td>47.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th><td>864,694</td><td></td><td>54.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td>1,213,398</td><td></td><td>40.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td>1,485,053</td><td></td><td>22.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td>2,377,549</td><td></td><td>60.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td>3,426,861</td><td></td><td>44.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td>5,677,251</td><td></td><td>65.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td>6,907,387</td><td></td><td>21.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td>10,586,223</td><td></td><td>53.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td>15,717,204</td><td></td><td>48.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td>19,953,134</td><td></td><td>27.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td>23,667,902</td><td></td><td>18.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td>29,760,021</td><td></td><td>25.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td>33,871,648</td><td></td><td>13.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td>37,253,956</td><td></td><td>10.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td>39,538,223</td><td></td><td>6.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">2023 (est.)</th><td class="us-census-pop-estimate">38,940,231</td><td></td><td>−1.5%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote">Sources: 1790–1990, 2000, 2010, 2020, 2023<sup id="cite_ref-dof.ca.gov_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dof.ca.gov-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-census_1790_1990_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census_1790_1990-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Census2020_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census2020-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CaliforniaDecline2023_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CaliforniaDecline2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Chart does not include Indigenous population figures.<br />Studies indicate that the Native American<br />population in California in 1850 was close to 150,000<br />before declining to 15,000 by 1900.<sup id="cite_ref-americanindiantah1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-americanindiantah1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>California is the most populated sub-national entity in North America. If it were an independent country, California would rank 38th in population in the world. Until recently, it had a larger population than <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its population is one third larger than that of the next most populous state, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> California surpassed <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> to become the most populous state in 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-Pat_Brown_Bio_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pat_Brown_Bio-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> California's population growth has slowed dramatically in the 21st century.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, the state's five most populous counties were <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles County">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_County" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego County">San Diego</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_California" title="Orange County, California">Orange</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riverside_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Riverside County">Riverside</a>, and <a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_County" class="mw-redirect" title="San Bernardino County">San Bernardino</a>, with Riverside County having the largest percentage increase in population.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/List_of_California_urban_areas" title="List of California urban areas">largest metro areas in California</a>, as of 2010, are <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles metropolitan area">Los Angeles</a>, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Metro" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego Metro">San Diego</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire" title="Inland Empire">Inland Empire</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 2006 until 2016, the state lost a net population of about 1 million people from emigration to other states,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yet the population of the state continued to grow due to immigration from overseas and more births than deaths.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2006, California had an estimated population of 37,172,015, more than 12 percent of the US population. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 1,557,112 people (i.e., 2,781,539 births minus 1,224,427 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 751,419 people. Immigration resulted in a net increase of 1,415,879 people, and migration from within the US resulted in a net decrease of 564,100 people. California is the 13th fastest-growing state. As of 2023, the total fertility rate was 1.52 which is on par with Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:California_population_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/California_population_map.png/280px-California_population_map.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/California_population_map.png/420px-California_population_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/California_population_map.png/560px-California_population_map.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Population density</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Center_of_population" title="Center of population">center of population</a> of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> is located at <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Demographics_of_California&params=35.463595_N_119.325359_W_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°27′49″N</span> <span class="longitude">119°19′31″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35.463595°N 119.325359°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35.463595; -119.325359</span></span></span></a></span></span> in <a href="/wiki/Kern_County,_California" title="Kern County, California">Kern County</a>, near the town of <a href="/wiki/Shafter,_California" title="Shafter, California">Shafter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>No single ethnic group forms a majority of California's population, making the state a <a href="/wiki/Majority_minority_in_the_United_States" title="Majority minority in the United States">minority-majority state</a>. Hispanics (of any race) are the largest single ethnic group in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language_in_California" title="Spanish language in California">Spanish</a> is the state's second most widely spoken language. Areas with especially large Spanish speaking populations include the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles metropolitan area">Los Angeles metropolitan area</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_border" title="Mexico–United States border">California-Mexico border</a> counties of <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_County" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego County">San Diego</a> and <a href="/wiki/Imperial_County,_California" title="Imperial County, California">Imperial</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Valley" title="San Joaquin Valley">San Joaquin Valley</a>. Nearly 43% of Californian residents speak a language other than English at home, a proportion far higher than any other state.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, there were an estimated 2.6 million <a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">undocumented immigrants</a> residing in California.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> California is home to almost 25% of the country's undocumented population, making up 6% of California's residents overall. Two-thirds of California's undocumented population have lived in the state for more than 10 years.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About 52% of California's <a href="/wiki/State_school" title="State school">public school</a> students in the 2011–2012 school year identified themselves as Hispanic or Latino and 26% as non-Hispanic Caucasian. The following ethnic groups made up the rest of the statewide public school student body: Asians (11%), African Americans (7%), Native Americans (0.7%), and Pacific Islanders (0.6%). Students of mixed race made up about 2% of the public schools. Hispanics have made up the majority of the state's public schools since 2010. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Unified_School_District" title="Los Angeles Unified School District">Los Angeles Unified School District</a>, the largest school district in California and second largest in the nation, is 73% Hispanic, 10% African American, 9% non-Hispanic Caucasian, 6% Asian, 0.5% Native American, and 0.4% Pacific Islander.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, amid the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, California's population fell for the first time in history, resulting in its first loss of a <a href="/wiki/California%27s_congressional_districts" title="California's congressional districts">congressional seat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state's population declined again in 2021 and 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt20230503_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt20230503-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main causes of the decline are: a high <a href="/wiki/Mortality_rate" title="Mortality rate">mortality rate</a>, a declining <a href="/wiki/Birth_rate" title="Birth rate">natality</a>, a fall in <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">international migration</a> and emigration to other states.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt20230503_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt20230503-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter phenomenon is sometimes called <a href="/wiki/California_exodus" title="California exodus">California exodus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Population loss was noticed in 34 out of 58 counties in the state between January 2020 and July 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Finance" title="California Department of Finance">California Department of Finance</a>, the state's population will stay constant at around 39.5 million until 2060.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020–2021, California saw an annual loss of 398,795 people. Between 2021–2022, there was a lower loss in population at 113,649 people.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The slowing down of population loss as seen in 2022 would continue into 2023 seeing a loss of 75,423 people making it a 0.2% population loss from the previous year as compared to 2022 having a 0.3% loss in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Net_domestic_migration">Net domestic migration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Net domestic migration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Net domestic migration, California<sup id="cite_ref-net_domestic_migration_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-net_domestic_migration-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>In-migrants </th> <th>Out-migrants </th> <th>Net domestic migration </th></tr> <tr> <td>2010 </td> <td>444,749 </td> <td>573,988 </td> <td>–129,239 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011 </td> <td>468,428 </td> <td>562,343 </td> <td>–93,915 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td>493,641 </td> <td>566,986 </td> <td>–73,345 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013 </td> <td>485,477 </td> <td>581,679 </td> <td>–96,202 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014 </td> <td>513,968 </td> <td>593,308 </td> <td>–79,340 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015 </td> <td>514,477 </td> <td>643,710 </td> <td>–129,233 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016 </td> <td>514,758 </td> <td>657,690 </td> <td>–142,932 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017 </td> <td>523,131 </td> <td>661,026 </td> <td>–137,895 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 </td> <td>501,023 </td> <td>691,145 </td> <td>–190,122 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 </td> <td>480,204 </td> <td>653,551 </td> <td>–173,347 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2021 </td> <td>433,402 </td> <td>841,065 </td> <td>–407,663 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022 </td> <td>475,803 </td> <td>817,669 </td> <td>–341,866 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020_US_census">2020 US census</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 2020 US census"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"> <caption>California – Racial and ethnic composition<br /><small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><i>Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.</i></span></small> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Race / Ethnicity <small>(<i>NH = Non-Hispanic</i>)</small> </th> <th colspan="3">Numbers </th> <th colspan="3">% </th></tr> <tr> <th>2000<sup id="cite_ref-2000CensusP2_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2000CensusP2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2010<sup id="cite_ref-2010CensusP2_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010CensusP2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">2020<sup id="cite_ref-2020CensusP2_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020CensusP2-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2000 </th> <th>2010 </th> <th style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">2020 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_whites" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino whites">White</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>15,816,790 </td> <td>14,956,253 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">13,714,587 </td> <td>46.70% </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001401467511262428♠" style="display:none"></span>40.15% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;"><span data-sort-value="7001346869079068121♠" style="display:none"></span>34.69% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_African_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans">Black or African American</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>2,181,926 </td> <td>2,163,804 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">2,119,286 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000644174738707723♠" style="display:none"></span>6.44% </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000580825295439764♠" style="display:none"></span>5.81% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;"><span data-sort-value="7000536009420554889♠" style="display:none"></span>5.36% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> or <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Natives" title="Alaska Natives">Alaska Native</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>178,984 </td> <td>162,250 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">156,085 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999528418339727668♠" style="display:none"></span>0.53% </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999435524216542264♠" style="display:none"></span>0.44% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;"><span data-sort-value="6999394769891403566♠" style="display:none"></span>0.39% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>3,648,860 </td> <td>4,775,070 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">5,978,795 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001107726084068894♠" style="display:none"></span>10.77% </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001128176186174697♠" style="display:none"></span>12.82% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;"><span data-sort-value="7001151215571827798♠" style="display:none"></span>15.12% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Pacific Islander</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>103,736 </td> <td>128,577 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">138,167 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999306262039567723♠" style="display:none"></span>0.31% </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999345136500402802♠" style="display:none"></span>0.35% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;"><span data-sort-value="6999349451719162998♠" style="display:none"></span>0.35% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_census" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States census">Other Race</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>71,681 </td> <td>85,587 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">223,929 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999211625368804021♠" style="display:none"></span>0.21% </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999229739359760880♠" style="display:none"></span>0.23% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;"><span data-sort-value="6999566360809892746♠" style="display:none"></span>0.57% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Mixed Race or Multi-Racial</a> (NH) </td> <td>903,115 </td> <td>968,696 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">1,627,722 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000266628597462987♠" style="display:none"></span>2.67% </td> <td>2.60% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;"><span data-sort-value="7000411683145193449♠" style="display:none"></span>4.12% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a> (any race) </td> <td>10,966,556 </td> <td>14,013,719 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">15,579,652 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001323768007981188♠" style="display:none"></span>32.38% </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001376167272007300♠" style="display:none"></span>37.62% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">39.40% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total </th> <th>33,871,648 </th> <th>37,253,956 </th> <th>39,538,223 </th> <th>100.00% </th> <th>100.00% </th> <th>100.00% </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 US census</a>, California's population was 34.7% <a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">Non-Hispanic White</a>, 5.4% <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Non-Hispanic African American</a>, 0.4% <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Non-Hispanic Native American</a>, 15.1% <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Non-Hispanic Asian</a>, 0.4% <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Non-Hispanic Pacific Islander</a>, 4.1% <a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Non-Hispanic Multiracial</a>, and 39.4% <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a> of any race.<sup id="cite_ref-2020CensusP2_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020CensusP2-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hispanics are the largest racial/ethnic group in California. Non-Hispanic Whites have decreased from about 76.3% of the state's population in 1970<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 33.7% in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-California-B03002-2022_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-California-B03002-2022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the population of minorities (defined as anyone who is not fully non-Hispanic white) in the US accounts for 139.8 million of 331.5 million US residents in 2020, 18.5% of the national total live in California (2020).<sup id="cite_ref-2020CensusUSAP2_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020CensusUSAP2-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>California has the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_race/ethnicity" title="List of U.S. states and territories by race/ethnicity">highest number and second highest percentage of Asian Americans by state</a>. Only <a href="/wiki/Hawaii#Demographics" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> has a higher Asian American percentage than California. While <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> has a higher percentages of Hispanics (36.5%), California has the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_race/ethnicity" title="List of U.S. states and territories by race/ethnicity">highest total number of Hispanics of any US state</a>. </p><p>The largest named ancestries in California are <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican</a> (25%), <a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">Germans</a> (9%), <a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish</a> (7.7%), <a href="/wiki/English_Americans" title="English Americans">English</a> (7.4%), and <a href="/wiki/Italian_Americans" title="Italian Americans">Italian</a> (5.8%);<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> there are 65 other ethnicities with sizable populations in California including <a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Arabs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australians" title="Australians">Australians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazilians" title="Brazilians">Brazilians</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haitians" title="Haitians">Haitians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persians" title="Persians">Iranians/Persians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Somalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Somalis">Somalis</a> as examples. Both Los Angeles and San Francisco have large numbers of residents with <a href="/wiki/British_people" title="British people">British</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_people" title="French people">French</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italian</a>, Iranian/Persian,<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">German</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavian</a> ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>California has the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_race/ethnicity" title="List of U.S. states and territories by race/ethnicity">largest population of white non-Hispanic Americans in the US</a>, totaling over 13.7 million as of the 2020 census. The state has the fifth largest population of African Americans in the US, an estimated 2.1 million residents. California's Asian population is estimated at 6.0 million, approximately 15.% of the nation's estimated 39.9 million Asian Americans. California's Native American population of 156,085 is the 4th-largest of any state, behind Oklahoma, Arizona, and New Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-2020CensusP2_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020CensusP2-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000 US census</a>, California has been known as the second state in US history (after Hawaii since its statehood in 1959) to become <a href="/wiki/Majority_minority_in_the_United_States" title="Majority minority in the United States">majority minority</a> (it has since been joined by Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, Maryland, and Georgia), and since 2014, the first state to have a Latino plurality (of any race). The media discussed the possibility of Latinos becoming a majority in the 21st century.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2022_American_Community_Survey_one-year_estimates">2022 American Community Survey one-year estimates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2022 American Community Survey one-year estimates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="cx-linter-tag"> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top"> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:#64ECDF; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 39.592800879772px; border-left-color:#F0FF00"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#F0FF00"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#F0FF00"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:66.272461570257px 74.886319427642px 0 0; border-top-color:#E17720"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#E17720"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:64.321534934047px 76.568532333644px 0 0; border-top-color:#1A9"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#1A9"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 353.29836274811px 100px 0; border-right-color:#FF33AC"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:#FF33AC"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 268.2039475191px 100px 0; border-right-color:#36A"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:#36A"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 119.04027541033px 100px 0; border-right-color:#6A5"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:#6A5"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Racial Makeup of California (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-California-B03002-2022_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-California-B03002-2022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#6A5; color:black;"> </span> White alone (38.88%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#36A; color:white;"> </span> Black alone (5.44%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF33AC; color:black;"> </span> Native American alone (1.29%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1A9; color:black;"> </span> Asian alone (15.51%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E17720; color:black;"> </span> Pacific Islander alone (0.41%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#F0FF00; color:black;"> </span> Some other race (19.47%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#64ECDF; color:black;"> </span> Multiracial (19.00%)</div> </div> </div></div> </td> <td valign="top"> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:#9400D3; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:57.191682153033px 82.031161716182px 0 0; border-top-color:#64ECDF"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#64ECDF"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:33.459644749105px 94.23615109534px 0 0; border-top-color:#F0FF00"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#F0FF00"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:29.644156389506px 95.505099298176px 0 0; border-top-color:#E17720"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#E17720"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:27.536891016802px 96.133863092714px 0 0; border-top-color:#1A9"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#1A9"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 123.54261220394px 100px 0; border-right-color:#FF33AC"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:#FF33AC"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 119.49690539775px 100px 0; border-right-color:#36A"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:#36A"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 61.021097339846px 100px 0; border-right-color:#6A5"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:#6A5"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Racial Makeup of California treating Hispanics as a Racial Category (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-California-B03002-2022_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-California-B03002-2022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><i>NH=Non-Hispanic</i> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#6A5; color:black;"> </span> White NH (33.72%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#36A; color:white;"> </span> Black NH (5.19%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF33AC; color:black;"> </span> Native American NH (0.26%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1A9; color:black;"> </span> Asian NH (15.27%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E17720; color:black;"> </span> Pacific Islander NH (0.35%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#F0FF00; color:black;"> </span> Other race NH (0.64%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#64ECDF; color:black;"> </span> Multiracial NH (4.26%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#9400D3; color:white;"> </span> Hispanic Any Race (40.31%)</div> </div> </div></div> </td> <td valign="top"> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 159154.92214786px; border-left-color:#64ECDF"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#64ECDF"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#64ECDF"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:74.677749142844px 66.507396453015px 0 0; border-top-color:#F0FF00"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#F0FF00"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:13.199178296697px; border-width:0 0 86.800821703303px 49.654983150046px; border-bottom-color:#E17720"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:13.671013634727px; border-width:0 0 86.328986365273px 50.470844188943px; border-bottom-color:#1A9"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:15.668358358593px; border-width:0 0 84.331641641407px 53.741736276988px; border-bottom-color:#FF33AC"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:25.322250857156px; border-width:0 0 74.677749142844px 66.507396453015px; border-bottom-color:#36A"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:27.925528209813px; border-width:0 0 72.074471790187px 69.320058541273px; border-bottom-color:#6A5"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Racial Makeup of Hispanics in California (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-California-B03002-2022_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-California-B03002-2022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#6A5; color:black;"> </span> White alone (12.81%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#36A; color:white;"> </span> Black alone (0.61%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF33AC; color:black;"> </span> Native American alone (2.55%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1A9; color:black;"> </span> Asian alone (0.61%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E17720; color:black;"> </span> Pacific Islander alone (0.15%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#F0FF00; color:black;"> </span> Other race alone (46.69%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#64ECDF; color:black;"> </span> Multiracial (36.57%)</div> </div> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ancestry-california-by_county-2000.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ancestry-california-by_county-2000.png/220px-Ancestry-california-by_county-2000.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ancestry-california-by_county-2000.png/330px-Ancestry-california-by_county-2000.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ancestry-california-by_county-2000.png/440px-Ancestry-california-by_county-2000.png 2x" data-file-width="456" data-file-height="536" /></a><figcaption>Most common ancestry in each county in 2000</figcaption></figure> <p>According to 2022 US Census Bureau one-year estimates, California's population by race (where Hispanics are allocated to the individual racial categories) was 38.9% <a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White</a>, 15.5% <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a>, 19.5% Other Race, 5.4% Black or <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African American</a>, 1.3% <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> or <a href="/wiki/Alaskan_Native" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaskan Native">Alaskan Native</a>, 0.4% <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Pacific Islander</a>, and 19.0% <a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Mixed race or Multiracial</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-California-B03002-2022_34-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-California-B03002-2022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>If Hispanics are treated as if a separate race and removed from the racial categories, the breakout is 33.7% Non-Hispanic White, 15.3% Non-Hispanic Asian, 0.6% Non-Hispanic Other Race, 5.2% Non-Hispanic Black, 0.3% Non-Hispanic Native American or Alaskan Native, 0.4% Non-Hispanic Pacific Islander, and 40.3% <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic-Latino</a> (of any race).<sup id="cite_ref-California-B03002-2022_34-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-California-B03002-2022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Latinos in California primarily identify as Other Race (46.7%) or Multiracial (36.6%) with smaller amounts as white (12.8%), American Indian and Alaskan Native (2.6%), Asian (0.6%), and Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (0.2%).<sup id="cite_ref-California-B03002-2022_34-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-California-B03002-2022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1245584064">@media screen{html.client-js .mw-parser-output .sort-under.sortable.wikitable th.headerSort,html.client-js .mw-parser-output .sort-under-right.sortable.wikitable th.headerSort,html.client-js .mw-parser-output .sort-under-center.sortable.wikitable th.headerSort{padding-right:0.4em}html.client-js .mw-parser-output .sort-under.sortable:not(.wikitable) th.headerSort,html.client-js .mw-parser-output .sort-under-right.sortable:not(.wikitable) th.headerSort,html.client-js .mw-parser-output .sort-under-center.sortable:not(.wikitable) th.headerSort{padding-right:1px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sort-under.sortable.wikitable th.headerSort,html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sort-under-right.sortable.wikitable 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.static-row-numbers.sort-under-right.sortable.wikitable thead tr:only-child::before,html.client-js body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers.sort-under-center.sortable.wikitable thead tr:only-child::before,html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers.sort-under.sortable.wikitable thead tr:only-child::before,html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers.sort-under-right.sortable.wikitable thead tr:only-child::before,html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers.sort-under-center.sortable.wikitable thead tr:only-child::before{padding-bottom:1.4em}}}</style> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable sort-under-center collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th>Racial composition </th> <th>1850<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1860<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1870<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1880<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1890<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1900<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1910<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:72_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:72-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1920<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:72_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:72-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1930<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:72_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:72-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1940<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:72_41-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:72-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1950<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:72_41-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:72-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1960<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:72_41-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:72-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1970<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1980<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>1990<sup id="cite_ref-census2_40-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2000<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2010<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2020<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White</a> </td> <td>99.0% </td> <td>85.0% </td> <td>89.1% </td> <td>88.7% </td> <td>91.6% </td> <td>94.5% </td> <td>95.0% </td> <td>95.3% </td> <td>95.3% </td> <td>95.5% </td> <td>93.7% </td> <td>92.0% </td> <td>89.0% </td> <td>76.2% </td> <td>69.0% </td> <td>77.7% </td> <td>74.1% </td> <td>41.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Non-Hispanic White </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>93% </td> <td>91.7% </td> <td>88.7% </td> <td>89.5% </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>76.3% </td> <td>66.6% </td> <td>57.2% </td> <td>46.7% </td> <td>40.1% </td> <td>34.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</a> </td> <td>1.0% </td> <td>1.1% </td> <td>0.8% </td> <td>0.7% </td> <td>0.9% </td> <td>0.7% </td> <td>0.9% </td> <td>1.1% </td> <td>1.4% </td> <td>1.8% </td> <td>4.4% </td> <td>5.6% </td> <td>7.0% </td> <td>7.7% </td> <td>7.4% </td> <td>6.4% </td> <td>5.8% </td> <td>5.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hispanic (of any race) </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>2.1% </td> <td>3.7% </td> <td>6.8% </td> <td>6.0% </td> <td>7.2% </td> <td>9.1% </td> <td>13.7% </td> <td>19.2% </td> <td>25.8% </td> <td>32.4% </td> <td>37.6% </td> <td>39.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td rowspan="2">9.2% </td> <td rowspan="2">8.8% </td> <td rowspan="2">8.7% </td> <td rowspan="2">6.1% </td> <td rowspan="2">3.8% </td> <td rowspan="2">3.4% </td> <td rowspan="2">3.1% </td> <td rowspan="2">3.0% </td> <td rowspan="2">2.4% </td> <td rowspan="2">1.7% </td> <td rowspan="2">2.0% </td> <td rowspan="2">2.8% </td> <td rowspan="2">5.3% </td> <td rowspan="2">9.6% </td> <td>10.8% </td> <td rowspan="2">13.0% </td> <td>15.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiian</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">other Pacific Islander</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>4.7% </td> <td>1.3% </td> <td>1.9% </td> <td>1.4% </td> <td>1.0% </td> <td>0.7% </td> <td>0.5% </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>0.5% </td> <td>0.9% </td> <td>0.8% </td> <td>1.0% </td> <td>1.0% </td> <td>1.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States Census">Other race</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>0.7% </td> <td>10.0% </td> <td>13.2% </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>21.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Two or more races</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>2.7% </td> <td> </td> <td>14.6% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="White_Americans">White Americans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: White Americans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White Americans</a> and <a href="/wiki/White_Americans_in_California" title="White Americans in California">White Americans in California</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="European_Americans">European Americans</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: European Americans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/European_Americans" title="European Americans">European Americans</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:052607-008-3StP-facing-SMP.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/052607-008-3StP-facing-SMP.jpg/300px-052607-008-3StP-facing-SMP.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/052607-008-3StP-facing-SMP.jpg/450px-052607-008-3StP-facing-SMP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/052607-008-3StP-facing-SMP.jpg/600px-052607-008-3StP-facing-SMP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Pedestrians walking on the <a href="/wiki/Third_Street_Promenade" title="Third Street Promenade">Third Street Promenade</a> in Santa Monica.</figcaption></figure> <p>California has the largest population of <a href="/wiki/European_Americans" title="European Americans">European Americans</a> of any state. For example, in 2000, California had more <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Americans" title="Bulgarian Americans">Bulgarian Americans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Americans" title="Romanian Americans">Romanian Americans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Americans" title="Hungarian Americans">Hungarian Americans</a>, and <a href="/wiki/British_Americans" title="British Americans">British Americans</a> than any other US state. Los Angeles and San Francisco have large <a href="/wiki/Russian_Americans" title="Russian Americans">Russian American</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Americans" title="Ukrainian Americans">Ukrainian American</a> populations; and a long history of <a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish American">Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_Americans" title="Italian Americans">Italian</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_Americans" title="English Americans">English</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Polish_Americans" title="Polish Americans">Polish</a> communities established by immigrants in the late 19th century. There are also many English Americans, Irish Americans, and <a href="/wiki/French_Americans" title="French Americans">French Americans</a> whose ancestors were the original 49ers, also known as the <a href="/wiki/California_gold_rush" title="California gold rush">California gold rush</a> immigrants. </p><p>California has over one million residents each with <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Americans" title="Spanish Americans">Spanish</a> or <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Americans" title="Portuguese Americans">Portuguese</a> ancestry,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with communities along coastal parts of the state such as San Diego, <a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Camarillo,_California" title="Camarillo, California">Camarillo</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Valley" title="Santa Clara Valley">Santa Clara</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Cupertino,_California" title="Cupertino, California">Cupertino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gilroy,_California" title="Gilroy, California">Gilroy</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a>), <a href="/wiki/Salinas_Valley" title="Salinas Valley">Salinas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Maria Valley">Santa Maria</a>, and <a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Valley" title="San Joaquin Valley">San Joaquin Valleys</a>. A small wave of <a href="/wiki/Danish_Americans" title="Danish Americans">Danish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Americans" title="Dutch Americans">Dutch</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Americans" title="Swedish Americans">Swedish</a> immigrants founded towns like <a href="/wiki/Lathrop,_California" title="Lathrop, California">Lathrop</a> near Stockton, <a href="/wiki/Artesia,_California" title="Artesia, California">Artesia</a> near Los Angeles, <a href="/wiki/Kingsburg,_California" title="Kingsburg, California">Kingsburg</a> south of Fresno, <a href="/wiki/Solvang,_California" title="Solvang, California">Solvang</a> north of Santa Barbara in the late 1800s and the private community of <a href="/wiki/Sveadal" class="mw-redirect" title="Sveadal">Sveadal</a> located 15 miles south of <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a> and populated entirely by members of the Swedish American Patriotic League.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Small colonies of early 19th-century <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian</a> settlement under the <a href="/wiki/Russian_American_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian American Company">Russian American Company</a> are in <a href="/wiki/Fort_Ross,_California" title="Fort Ross, California">Fort Ross</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Calistoga,_California" title="Calistoga, California">Calistoga</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Russian_River_(California)" title="Russian River (California)">Russian River</a> Valley in <a href="/wiki/Sonoma_County,_California" title="Sonoma County, California">Sonoma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Napa_County,_California" title="Napa County, California">Napa</a> counties. California also has the third largest <a href="/wiki/Greek_Americans" title="Greek Americans">Greek American</a> population in the United States, behind <a href="/wiki/New_York_(State)" class="mw-redirect" title="New York (State)">New York</a> and <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>. The Los Angeles Harbor area of <a href="/wiki/San_Pedro,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Pedro, California">San Pedro</a> has a sizeable <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Americans" title="Croatian Americans">Croatian American</a> population. Small <a href="/wiki/Amish" title="Amish">Amish</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mennonites" title="Mennonites">Mennonite</a> colonies exist in an area bordered by the towns Oakdale, Riverbank and Ripon near <a href="/wiki/Modesto,_California" title="Modesto, California">Modesto</a> and in Reedley, Sanger and Orange Cove near Fresno in the <a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Valley" title="San Joaquin Valley">San Joaquin Valley</a>; and in the outer <a href="/wiki/Salinas_Valley" title="Salinas Valley">Salinas Valley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most important Italian community in California is in <a href="/wiki/North_Beach,_San_Francisco" title="North Beach, San Francisco">North Beach District</a> at <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>. 60% of Italian Americans in California are from northern Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-bancroft.berkeley.edu_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bancroft.berkeley.edu-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others numerous groups are from Tuscany and Sicily.<sup id="cite_ref-bancroft.berkeley.edu_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bancroft.berkeley.edu-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Italians also live in <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Little_Italy_(San_Diego)" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Italy (San Diego)">Little Italy</a> having San Diego's largest Italian population. </p><p>There is also a large Dutch community in California.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dutch settled in Redlands, Ontario, Ripon, and Bellflower.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Middle_Eastern_Americans">Middle Eastern Americans</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Middle Eastern Americans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_Americans" title="Middle Eastern Americans">Middle Eastern Americans</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Little_Arabia" title="Little Arabia">Little Arabia</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_enclave" title="Ethnic enclave">ethnic enclave</a> in <a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_California" title="Orange County, California">Orange County, California</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the center for Orange County's <a href="/wiki/Arab_Americans" title="Arab Americans">Arab Americans</a>, who number more than 24,000 (as of 2000).<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is sometimes referred to as "Little Gaza" which was a play on the original designation of this area as the "Garza Island."<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Grub_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grub-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Little Arabia grew significantly in the 1990s with the arrival of immigrants from the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, and is the home to thousands of Arab Americans predominantly hailing from Egypt, Syria, Palestine, and Yemen.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More than 500,000 <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Americans" title="Iranian Americans">Iranian Americans</a> live throughout Southern California, including about 20% of the population of <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California" title="Beverly Hills, California">Beverly Hills</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Living_in_Tehrangeles_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Living_in_Tehrangeles-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iranian American communities also flourish in the <a href="/wiki/San_Fernando_Valley" title="San Fernando Valley">San Fernando Valley</a>, Orange County, San Diego, and the San Joaquin Valley. The majority of Iranian Americans immigrated after the <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty" title="Pahlavi dynasty">Pahlavi dynasty</a> was <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Revolution">overthrown in 1979</a>. </p><p>California is also home to many <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Americans" title="Armenian Americans">Armenian Americans</a>; the highest concentration of Americans of Armenian descent is in <a href="/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles" title="Greater Los Angeles">Greater Los Angeles</a>, where 166,498 people have identified themselves as Armenian in the 2000 US census, comprising over 40% of the 385,488 people who identified Armenian origins in the US at the time. Many of these live in <a href="/wiki/Glendale,_California" title="Glendale, California">Glendale</a> north of Los Angeles, as well as a large community in <a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno</a>. The size of the Armenian American population is disputed, however. According to a 1988 news article, California had about 500,000 ethnic Armenians with over half of them living in Greater Los Angeles.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More than 1,300,000 <a href="/wiki/American_Jews" title="American Jews">Jewish Americans</a> live in California, the majority of whom are <a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews" title="Ashkenazi Jews">Ashkenazi Jews</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, there are more than 250,000 <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Americans" title="Israeli Americans">Israeli Americans</a> live in the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Metropolitan_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles Metropolitan Area">Los Angeles</a> area, according to the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_American_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli American Council">Israeli American Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also significant Israeli American populations in the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">Bay Area</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, and <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a> areas of Northern California. The largest <a href="/wiki/Karaite_Judaism" title="Karaite Judaism">Karaite Jewish</a> population outside of <a href="/wiki/Karaite_Judaism" title="Karaite Judaism">Israel</a> exists in the <a href="/wiki/Bay_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay Area">Bay Area</a>, consisting of several hundreds descendants of refugees from the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Egypt" title="History of the Jews in Egypt">Egyptian Karaite</a> community, as well as some recent converts.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their community is centered around the only Karaite synagogue outside the Middle East, <a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Israel_(Daly_City,_California)" title="Congregation B'nai Israel (Daly City, California)">Congregation B'nai Israel</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Daly_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Daly City">Daly City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Moroccan Jewish community in California is one of the largest in North America, approximately 10,000 <a href="/wiki/Moroccan_Jews" title="Moroccan Jews">Moroccan Jews</a> reside in Greater Los Angeles, mostly in <a href="/wiki/Pico-Robertson" class="mw-redirect" title="Pico-Robertson">Pico-Robertson</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Hollywood" class="mw-redirect" title="North Hollywood">North Hollywood</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Beverly Hills">Beverly Hills</a>. Many are the descendants of community members who first emigrated to the United States in the aftermath of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Many others came later in the 20th century from Israel, and beginning in the early 21st century from France due to increasing <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_France" title="Antisemitism in France">antisemitism</a> there.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The community has their own synagogues as well as a <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Community_Center" title="Jewish Community Center">community center</a>. </p><p>Over 50,000 <a href="/wiki/Afghan_Americans" title="Afghan Americans">Afghan Americans</a> are concentrated in the <a href="/wiki/East_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">East Bay</a> primarily in <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County,_California" title="Alameda County, California">Alameda County</a> and its communities of <a href="/wiki/Fremont,_California" title="Fremont, California">Fremont</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hayward,_California" title="Hayward, California">Hayward</a>; Afghans also live throughout the state (esp. Orange and <a href="/wiki/Ventura_County,_California" title="Ventura County, California">Ventura Counties</a>). </p><p>There is also a large population of <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrian</a> descent living in the Central Valley, with large communities in <a href="/wiki/Modesto,_California" title="Modesto, California">Modesto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ceres,_California" title="Ceres, California">Ceres</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Turlock,_California" title="Turlock, California">Turlock</a>, as well as throughout the Central Coast and the California Desert (i.e. the <a href="/wiki/Coachella_Valley" title="Coachella Valley">Coachella</a> and <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Valley" title="Imperial Valley">Imperial Valleys</a>). San Diego has one of the largest concentrations of <a href="/wiki/Chaldean_Catholics" title="Chaldean Catholics">Chaldean</a> immigrants in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About an estimated 3,000 <a href="/wiki/Moroccan_Americans" title="Moroccan Americans">Moroccan Americans</a> are living in Los Angeles, Long Beach, and Santa Ana.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Americans" title="Turkish Americans">Turkish Americans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Americans" title="Azerbaijani Americans">Azerbaijani Americans</a> form moderately-sized communities in both Los Angeles and San Francisco. The state also has over 2,000 <a href="/wiki/Circassian_Americans" title="Circassian Americans">Circassian Americans</a> with a little community in <a href="/wiki/Anaheim" class="mw-redirect" title="Anaheim">Anaheim</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="African_Americans">African Americans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: African Americans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> and <a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_California" title="African Americans in California">African Americans in California</a></div> <p>California has 2.3 million <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> as of 2010, the largest population of black or African Americans of the Western US states,<sup id="cite_ref-censusviewer_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-censusviewer-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 5th largest black population in the United States. </p><p>African Americans are concentrated in Greater Los Angeles, the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area, and Sacramento region.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most African Americans in California have origins from Southern states like <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>California has a number of <a href="/wiki/West_Indian" title="West Indian">West Indian</a> (<a href="/wiki/Afro-Caribbean_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Caribbean American">Afro-Caribbean American</a>) and African immigrants from countries such as <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> across from the Horn of Africa. Immigrants from these countries have established communities in a number of cities in the state, such as <a href="/wiki/Little_Ethiopia,_Los_Angeles" title="Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles">Little Ethiopia</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Los_Angeles" title="West Los Angeles">West Los Angeles</a>. In addition to the Ethiopian community in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, there is a significant Ethiopian population in <a href="/wiki/Oakland" class="mw-redirect" title="Oakland">Oakland</a>/<a href="/wiki/Berkeley,_California" title="Berkeley, California">Berkeley</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nuer_people" title="Nuer people">Nuer</a> refugees from <a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a> have migrated to the <a href="/wiki/Sacramento" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacramento">Sacramento</a> area. There are <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verdean</a> communities in <a href="/wiki/Solano_County,_California" title="Solano County, California">Solano County</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Valley" title="Santa Clara Valley">Santa Clara Valley</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a> area. As of 2019, there are 13,061 <a href="/wiki/Jamaicans" title="Jamaicans">Jamaicans</a> in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Native_Americans">Native Americans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Native Americans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans in the United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_California" title="Indigenous peoples of California">Indigenous peoples of California</a></div> <p>As of 2010, California's <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> population of 362,801 was the most of any state.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also has the <a href="/wiki/List_of_federally_recognized_tribes_by_state#California" title="List of federally recognized tribes by state">most Native American tribes</a>, indigenous to the state or not, but the majority of known <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_California" title="Indigenous peoples of California">Californian Indian</a> tribes <a href="/wiki/California_Genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="California Genocide">became extinct</a> in the late 19th century. The US census includes <i>Latin American Indian</i>, especially immigrants who belonged to Indigenous peoples or who have Amerindian heritage from North and South America. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation" title="Cherokee Nation">Cherokee Nation</a> is the largest tribe in the state with a population of 22,000 in 2020,<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the number of <a href="/wiki/Cherokee" title="Cherokee">Cherokee</a> descendants are at 110,000 in the earlier census taken in 2010 and any persons residing in California of Cherokee descent may surpass 600,000 according to demographers. Their tribal nation is in the northeast part of <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> but they live across the state and neighboring states. They are often descendants of <a href="/wiki/Dust_Bowl" title="Dust Bowl">Dust Bowl</a> refugees in the 1930s and 1940s who migrated to the state's farming counties and urban areas for jobs. The largest urban American Indian communities are Los Angeles/Long Beach, San Francisco/Oakland, Sacramento, and San Diego areas.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>California also has significant populations of the <a href="/wiki/Apache" title="Apache">Apache</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chickasaw" title="Chickasaw">Chickasaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Choctaw" title="Choctaw">Choctaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muscogee" title="Muscogee">Muscogee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seminole" title="Seminole">Seminole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tlingit" title="Tlingit">Tlingit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hopi" title="Hopi">Hopi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zuni_people" title="Zuni people">Zuni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Navajo" title="Navajo">Navajo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blackfoot_Confederacy" title="Blackfoot Confederacy">Blackfeet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shoshone" title="Shoshone">Shoshone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nez_Perce" title="Nez Perce">Nez Perce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Paiute_people" title="Northern Paiute people">Paiute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puebloans" title="Puebloans">Pueblo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tohono_O%CA%BCodham" title="Tohono Oʼodham">Tohono Oʼodham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cahuilla" title="Cahuilla">Cahuilla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chumash_people" title="Chumash people">Chumash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karuk" title="Karuk">Karuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yurok" title="Yurok">Yurok</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yokuts" title="Yokuts">Yokuts</a> tribes. The Cahuilla in the Coachella Valley have profited from real estate land leases, and much of <a href="/wiki/Indio,_California" title="Indio, California">Indio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs,_California" title="Palm Springs, California">Palm Springs</a> are tribal-owned lands under legal tribal jurisdiction.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asian_Americans">Asian Americans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Asian Americans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian Americans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans_in_California" title="Asian Americans in California">Asian Americans in California</a></div> <p>The state has a long history of established <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Americans" title="South Asian Americans">South</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast</a> <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian American</a> communities, including Chinese since the 1850s, Japanese since the 1880s, Indians since the 1890s, and Filipinos for over a century since 1900. A large wave of Asian immigration since 1965, following the <a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_Nationality_Act_of_1965" title="Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965">Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965</a> which ended the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Exclusion_Act" title="Chinese Exclusion Act">ban on Asian immigration</a>, brought in more Chinese along with Koreans and Southeast Asians after the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> ended in the late 1970s. South Asians are also a fast-growing group. </p><p>As of the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010 census</a> there were a total of 17,941,286 respondents who claimed to be <a href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian American</a> and Asian.<sup id="cite_ref-CAAsian2010_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CAAsian2010-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Out of these respondents in the United States,<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 30.9% live in California, with 5,556,592 Asian Americans being counted by the 2010 census.<sup id="cite_ref-FactFinder2-28JAN2013_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FactFinder2-28JAN2013-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is a 1.5 million growth in population from the 2000 census, making Asian Americans 14.9 percent of the state's population.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Out of those almost 5.6 million Asian Americans in California there are 1,474,707 <a href="/wiki/Filipino_Americans" title="Filipino Americans">Filipinos</a>, 1,349,111 <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans" title="Chinese Americans">Chinese</a>, 647,589 <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Americans" title="Vietnamese Americans">Vietnamese</a>, 590,445 <a href="/wiki/Indian_Americans" title="Indian Americans">Indians</a>, 505,225 <a href="/wiki/Korean_Americans" title="Korean Americans">Koreans</a>, 428,140 <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Americans" title="Japanese Americans">Japanese</a>, 109,928 <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Americans" title="Taiwanese Americans">Taiwanese</a>, 102,317 <a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Americans" title="Cambodian Americans">Cambodians</a>, 91,224 <a href="/wiki/Hmong_Americans" title="Hmong Americans">Hmong</a>, 69,303 <a href="/wiki/Laotian_Americans" title="Laotian Americans">Laotians</a>, 67,707 <a href="/wiki/Thai_Americans" title="Thai Americans">Thais</a>, 53,474 <a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Americans" title="Pakistani Americans">Pakistanis</a>, 39,506 Borneans, Sumatrans, and <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Americans" title="Indonesian Americans">Indonesians</a>, 17,978 <a href="/wiki/Burmese_Americans" title="Burmese Americans">Burmese</a>, 11,929 <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Americans" title="Sri Lankan Americans">Sri Lankans</a>, 10,494 <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_Americans" title="Bangladeshi Americans">Bangladeshis</a>, 6,231 <a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Americans" title="Nepalese Americans">Nepalese</a>, 5,595 <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Americans" title="Malaysian Americans">Malaysians</a>, 4,993 <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Americans" title="Mongolian Americans">Mongolians</a>, 1,513 <a href="/wiki/Singaporean_Americans" title="Singaporean Americans">Singaporeans</a>, 1,377 <a href="/wiki/Ryukyuan_Americans" title="Ryukyuan Americans">Ryukyuans</a>, and 750 <a href="/wiki/Bhutanese_Americans" title="Bhutanese Americans">Bhutanese</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FactFinder2-28JAN2013_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FactFinder2-28JAN2013-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="East_Asian_Americans">East Asian Americans</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: East Asian Americans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Americans" title="East Asian Americans">East Asian Americans</a></div> <p>Chinese Americans are numerous in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, Oakland, the <a href="/wiki/East_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">East Bay</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Bay_(San_Jose,_California)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Bay (San Jose, California)">South Bay</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Central_Coast_(California)" title="Central Coast (California)">Central Coast of California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/San_Gabriel_Valley" title="San Gabriel Valley">San Gabriel Valley</a> region of Los Angeles County. The San Francisco Bay Area has a greater concentration of Cantonese-speaking Chinese than any other region in the United States. The Mexican border community of <a href="/wiki/Calexico,_California" title="Calexico, California">Calexico, California</a> in addition to <a href="/wiki/Mexicali,_Baja_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexicali, Baja California">Mexicali</a> has large numbers of Chinese Mexican Americans, that is, Mexican Americans of Chinese ancestry. Smaller Chinese communities can also be found in <a href="/wiki/San_Jacinto,_California" title="San Jacinto, California">San Jacinto Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Elsinore,_California" title="Lake Elsinore, California">Lake Elsinore</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Victorville,_California" title="Victorville, California">Victorville</a>. </p><p>Southern California has perhaps the largest Taiwan-born Chinese American community in the US, particularly in the San Gabriel Valley (i.e. <a href="/wiki/Walnut,_California" title="Walnut, California">Walnut</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Bar,_California" title="Diamond Bar, California">Diamond Bar</a>), <a href="/wiki/Buena_Park,_California" title="Buena Park, California">Buena Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cerritos,_California" title="Cerritos, California">Cerritos</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Covina,_California" title="West Covina, California">West Covina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irvine,_California" title="Irvine, California">Irvine</a>, communities in the <a href="/wiki/South_Bay,_Los_Angeles" class="mw-redirect" title="South Bay, Los Angeles">South Bay, Los Angeles</a> and southern Orange County. Many minority groups from China also live in California, for example, there are <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Americans" title="Tibetan Americans">Tibetan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Americans" title="Mongolian Americans">Mongolian</a> Americans concentrated in San Francisco, Oakland, San Jose, Orange County, and the Los Angeles/Long Beach area. </p><p>Large Korean American communities exist in the <a href="/wiki/Koreatown,_Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Koreatown, Los Angeles, California">Koreatown</a> area of Los Angeles, the eastern <a href="/wiki/San_Gabriel_Valley" title="San Gabriel Valley">San Gabriel Valley</a>, the <a href="/wiki/San_Fernando_Valley" title="San Fernando Valley">San Fernando Valley</a>, Cerritos/Long Beach, <a href="/wiki/South_Bay,_Los_Angeles" class="mw-redirect" title="South Bay, Los Angeles">South Bay, Los Angeles</a>, northern Orange County and <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a> area. There is another large Korean American population in the San Francisco Bay Area, and Koreans are growing in number in the suburban <a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Inland Empire, California">Inland Empire</a> region, in cities such as <a href="/wiki/Chino_Hills,_California" title="Chino Hills, California">Chino Hills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corona,_California" title="Corona, California">Corona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Desert_Hot_Springs,_California" title="Desert Hot Springs, California">Desert Hot Springs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Loma_Linda,_California" title="Loma Linda, California">Loma Linda</a> south of <a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino" class="mw-redirect" title="San Bernardino">San Bernardino</a>. Since 1990, the Korean American and African American populations relocated westward and northward in the Los Angeles area. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/South_Bay,_Los_Angeles" class="mw-redirect" title="South Bay, Los Angeles">South Bay</a> area and <a href="/wiki/Little_Tokyo,_Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Tokyo, Los Angeles, California">Little Tokyo</a> have a large Japanese American community. Japanese Americans, however, are also concentrated in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> and across the Bay Area, <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Salinas_Valley" title="Salinas Valley">Salinas Valley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_County,_California" title="Santa Cruz County, California">Santa Cruz County</a>; and smaller communities in the <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anaheim,_California" title="Anaheim, California">Anaheim</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino,_California" title="San Bernardino, California">San Bernardino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara,_California" title="Santa Barbara, California">Santa Barbara</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton</a> areas. Despite the presence of Japanese goods stores, media outlets and restaurants in the state, most "Little Tokyos" and "Japantowns" were evacuated during the forced relocation of Japanese Americans during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Japanese_American_Internment" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese American Internment">Japanese American Internment</a>). As a result, most Japanese Americans in urban areas do not reside in historical Japanese communities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_Asian_Americans">South Asian Americans</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: South Asian Americans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Americans" title="South Asian Americans">South Asian Americans</a></div> <p>California has the largest Indian American population in the US. Many live in the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Metropolitan_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles Metropolitan Area">Los Angeles Metropolitan Area</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a>. The Los Angeles suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Artesia,_California" title="Artesia, California">Artesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cerritos,_California" title="Cerritos, California">Cerritos</a> have large Indian American communities. <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fremont,_California" title="Fremont, California">Fremont</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a> cities have many Indian Americans who are employed in the high-tech industry. Many Indian Americans are in <a href="/wiki/California_Central_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="California Central Valley">Central Valley</a> cities such as Stockton, Bakersfield, Fresno, <a href="/wiki/Yuba_City,_California" title="Yuba City, California">Yuba City</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Valley_(California)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Valley (California)">Imperial Valley</a>. Most South Asians in California are Indian American, but there are also Pakistani Americans, Bangladeshi Americans, and Sri Lankan Americans (see <a href="/wiki/Sinhalese_people" title="Sinhalese people">Sinhalese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tamil_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamil people">Tamils</a>) especially concentrated in the San Gabriel Valley (<a href="/wiki/Covina,_California" title="Covina, California">Covina Valley</a>) of the Los Angeles area. California is home to the unique <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Mexican_Americans" title="Punjabi Mexican Americans">Punjabi Mexican American</a> community, mostly centered around Yuba City. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Southeast_Asian_Americans">Southeast Asian Americans</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Southeast Asian Americans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asian_Americans" title="Southeast Asian Americans">Southeast Asian Americans</a></div> <p>California has the largest American population of Southeast Asians, concentrated in the Los Angeles-Long Beach, Sacramento, and Fresno areas. This includes the <a href="/wiki/Hmong_people" title="Hmong people">Hmong</a> and Vietnamese, including <a href="/wiki/Hoa_people" title="Hoa people">Chinese Vietnamese</a>. <a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach</a> has one of the largest Cambodian American communities in the United States. The neighboring cities of <a href="/wiki/Westminster,_California" title="Westminster, California">Westminster</a> and <a href="/wiki/Garden_Grove,_California" title="Garden Grove, California">Garden Grove</a> have the largest Vietnamese American community outside of Vietnam and are often dubbed "<a href="/wiki/Little_Saigon" title="Little Saigon">Little Saigon</a>". Vietnamese and Cambodian immigrants also settled in the San Francisco Bay Area, especially San Jose, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara,_California" title="Santa Clara, California">Santa Clara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sunnyvale,_California" title="Sunnyvale, California">Sunnyvale</a>, as well across the <a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Valley" title="San Joaquin Valley">San Joaquin Valley</a> and in <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>. </p><p>Filipino Americans are particularly numerous in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sacramento" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacramento">Sacramento</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Solano_County,_California" title="Solano County, California">Solano</a> counties, and in southern California communities such as <a href="/wiki/Artesia,_California" title="Artesia, California">Artesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baldwin_Park,_California" title="Baldwin Park, California">Baldwin Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carson,_California" title="Carson, California">Carson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cerritos,_California" title="Cerritos, California">Cerritos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Covina,_California" title="Covina, California">Covina</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Covina,_California" title="West Covina, California">West Covina</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Eagle_Rock,_Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California">Eagle Rock</a> district of Los Angeles. Around San Diego, many Filipinos live in the communities of <a href="/wiki/Mira_Mesa,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Mira Mesa, California">Mira Mesa</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_City,_California" title="National City, California">National City</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chula_Vista,_California" title="Chula Vista, California">Chula Vista</a>. <a href="/wiki/Delano,_California" title="Delano, California">Delano</a> near Bakersfield, other towns in the <a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Valley" title="San Joaquin Valley">San Joaquin Valley</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Inland Empire, California">Inland Empire</a> of <a href="/wiki/Riverside,_California" title="Riverside, California">Riverside</a>-<a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino,_California" title="San Bernardino, California">San Bernardino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coachella_Valley" title="Coachella Valley">Coachella Valley</a>-<a href="/wiki/Imperial_Valley" title="Imperial Valley">Imperial Valley</a> region,<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Salinas,_California" title="Salinas, California">Salinas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lathrop,_California" title="Lathrop, California">Lathrop</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria,_California" title="Santa Maria, California">Santa Maria</a>/<a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Obispo" class="mw-redirect" title="San Luis Obispo">San Luis Obispo</a> area also have large Filipino American populations. <a href="/wiki/Daly_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Daly City">Daly City</a> south of <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> has a large Filipino population and is the largest percentage wise in the United States. As of the 1980s, Filipinos have been the largest population of Asians in California.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Twenty percent of <a href="/wiki/Registered_nurses" class="mw-redirect" title="Registered nurses">registered nurses</a>, in 2013, in California are Filipino.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over 6,000 Laotian Americans live in the <a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno</a> area, including an even larger Hmong American community, the second-largest of its kind. Other Hmong colonies in the <a href="/wiki/Central_Valley_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Valley of California">Central Valley of California</a> and Northern California developed since the end of the Vietnam War (1975–1979). </p><p>California also has a Thai American community of over 250,000, concentrated in Southern California, with small Thai and Southeast Asian communities in <a href="/wiki/Perris,_California" title="Perris, California">Perris</a> and <a href="/wiki/Banning,_California" title="Banning, California">Banning</a> in the Inland Empire region. Los Angeles has the largest Thai population outside of Thailand and is also home to the world's first <a href="/wiki/Thai_Town,_Los_Angeles" title="Thai Town, Los Angeles">Thai Town</a>. About 150,000 <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Indonesians" title="Overseas Indonesians">Indonesians</a> live in Southern California, primarily the Los Angeles and San Diego areas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pacific_Islander_Americans">Pacific Islander Americans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Pacific Islander Americans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Pacific Islander Americans</a></div> <p>The state has 150,000 residents with <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Pacific Islander</a> ancestry. Most of them are 80,000 <a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiians</a> of measurable Polynesian ancestry; many also have Asian, European, or other ancestries. There are also 25,000 <a href="/wiki/Samoan_Americans" title="Samoan Americans">Samoan Americans</a> originally from <a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a> or <a href="/wiki/Western_Samoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Samoa">Western Samoa</a>. Most live in <a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach</a> and the Los Angeles suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Carson,_California" title="Carson, California">Carson</a>, Artesia, Cerritos, and <a href="/wiki/Redondo_Beach,_California" title="Redondo Beach, California">Redondo Beach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oceanside,_California" title="Oceanside, California">Oceanside</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Upland,_California" title="Upland, California">Upland</a>. About 10,000 <a href="/wiki/Chamorros" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamorros">Chamorros</a> from <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a> live in Northern California, the largest Micronesian community in the mainland United States. An estimated 10,000 <a href="/wiki/Tahitians" title="Tahitians">Tahitians</a> from <a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a> live in Southern California. </p><p>There are also many <a href="/wiki/Palauan_Americans" title="Palauan Americans">Palauan Americans</a> in southern California, specifically in the San Diego area. This includes <a href="/wiki/Vista,_California" title="Vista, California">Vista</a> which has a population of 677 Palauan Americans according to the 2010 US census. Members of the <a href="/wiki/Palauans" class="mw-redirect" title="Palauans">Palauan</a> community often also have <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Micronesians" title="Micronesians">Micronesian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melanesians" title="Melanesians">Melanesian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_people" title="Japanese people">Japanese</a>, and other East Asian ancestries. Many <a href="/wiki/Chuukese_people" title="Chuukese people">Chuukese</a> or Trukese live in San Diego. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Americans_of_some_other_race">Americans of some other race</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Americans of some other race"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hispanic_and_Latino_Californians">Hispanic and Latino Californians</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Hispanic and Latino Californians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic and Latino Americans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hispanics_and_Latinos_in_California" title="Hispanics and Latinos in California">Hispanics and Latinos in California</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Hispanics_and_Latinos_in_California" title="Hispanics and Latinos in California">Latinos</a>, mainly <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican Americans</a>, form major portions of the population of Southern California, especially in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, as well as the San Joaquin Valley. The city of Los Angeles is often said to be the largest Mexican community in the United States. Census records kept track of the growth since 1850, but Mexicans and Mexican Americans have lived in California since Spanish colonial times. However, the number and percentage population of Latinos living in California increased rapidly in the late 20th century. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Valley_(California)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Valley (California)">Imperial Valley</a> on the US-Mexican border is about 70–75% Latino; communities with many Latinos can also be found in <a href="/wiki/Riverside_County,_California" title="Riverside County, California">Riverside County</a>, especially at its eastern end, and the <a href="/wiki/Coachella_Valley" title="Coachella Valley">Coachella Valley</a>. The <a href="/wiki/California_Central_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="California Central Valley">Central Valley</a> has many Mexican American migrant farm workers. Latinos are the majority in 11 counties: <a href="/wiki/Colusa_County,_California#Demographics" title="Colusa County, California">Colusa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fresno_County,_California#Demographics" title="Fresno County, California">Fresno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imperial_County,_California#Demographics" title="Imperial County, California">Imperial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kern_County,_California#Demographics" title="Kern County, California">Kern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kings_County,_California#Demographics" title="Kings County, California">Kings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madera_County,_California#Demographics" title="Madera County, California">Madera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merced_County,_California#Demographics" title="Merced County, California">Merced</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monterey_County,_California#Demographics" title="Monterey County, California">Monterey</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Benito_County,_California#Demographics" title="San Benito County, California">San Benito</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_County,_California#Demographics" title="San Bernardino County, California">San Bernardino</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tulare_County,_California#Demographics" title="Tulare County, California">Tulare</a> counties. </p><p>Latinos make up at least 20% of the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a>. Many live in <a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Redwood_City,_California" title="Redwood City, California">Redwood City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County,_California" title="Alameda County, California">Alameda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Contra_Costa_County,_California" title="Contra Costa County, California">Contra Costa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_County,_California" title="Santa Clara County, California">Santa Clara</a> counties, as well in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Napa_Valley_AVA" title="Napa Valley AVA">Napa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Salinas_Valley" title="Salinas Valley">Salinas Valleys</a> have predominantly Latino communities established by migrant farm workers. San Jose is about 30–35% Latino, the largest Latino community in northern California, while the <a href="/wiki/Mission_District,_San_Francisco" title="Mission District, San Francisco">Mission District, San Francisco</a> and Lower/<a href="/wiki/West_Oakland" class="mw-redirect" title="West Oakland">West Oakland</a> have <a href="/wiki/Barrio" title="Barrio">barrios</a> established by Mexican and Latin American immigrants. The Mexican American communities of <a href="/wiki/East_Los_Angeles_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Los Angeles (region)">East Los Angeles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Logan_Heights,_San_Diego" title="Logan Heights, San Diego">Logan Heights, San Diego</a>, as well the <a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Valley" title="San Joaquin Valley">San Joaquin Valley</a> are centers of historic <a href="/wiki/Chicano" title="Chicano">Chicano</a> and Latino cultures. </p><p>California also has the largest populations of Hispanics/Latinos in the country. Most of the state's Latinos have <a href="/wiki/Mexicans" title="Mexicans">Mexican</a> ancestry, having the largest Mexican population in the United States, making up about 31 percent of the state population. California has a large and diverse population, having the largest <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central American</a>, especially <a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Americans" title="Salvadoran Americans">Salvadoran</a> population in the United States. <a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Americans" title="Guatemalan Americans">Guatemalan Americans</a> are spread out in Southern California after previously being centered in Los Angeles between 1970 and 2010. California also has many <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Americans" title="Cuban Americans">Cuban Americans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican Americans">Puerto Rican Americans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honduran_Americans" title="Honduran Americans">Honduran Americans</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Americans" title="Nicaraguan Americans">Nicaraguan Americans</a>, along with people of <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Americans" title="Chilean Americans">Chilean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colombian_Americans" title="Colombian Americans">Colombian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Americans" title="Peruvian Americans">Peruvian</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South American</a> ancestry. Los Angeles has had the United States' largest Central American community, as well as the largest Mexican American community, since the 1910s. In fact, the 1900 census record finds 319 to 619 out of 100,000 residents in the city of Los Angeles were "Spanish" or "Mexican". Nearly 31% of Los Angeles itself is of Mexican descent, having the largest Mexican population of any city in the United States. 12,392 Belizeans also live in California.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Mariposa_County,_California" title="Mariposa County, California">Mariposa County</a>, there is a very small community of <i><a href="/wiki/Californios" title="Californios">Californios</a></i> or Spanish American people as they identify themselves, that dates back before the US annexation of California. <a href="/wiki/Hornitos,_California" title="Hornitos, California">Hornitos</a> is home to an estimated 1,000 people and many have Spanish heritage. The community's "Spanish" Californio culture is closely linked with Mexico and other Latin American nations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancestries_of_Californians">Ancestries of Californians</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Ancestries of Californians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="font-size: 95%;"> <caption>Estimated ancestries of Californians<sup id="cite_ref-EAoCA2013_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EAoCA2013-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Ancestry<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col">2013 population </th> <th scope="col">Margin of error (+/-) </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Total</b></td> <td><b>43,071,506</b></td> <td>33,741 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Americans" title="Afghan Americans">Afghan</a></td> <td>38,136</td> <td>3,075 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Americans" title="Albanian Americans">Albanian</a></td> <td>4,792</td> <td>681 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alsace" title="Alsace">Alsatian</a></td> <td>730</td> <td>163 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/American_ancestry" title="American ancestry">American</a></td> <td>1,124,070</td> <td>10,956 </td></tr> <tr> <td><u><a href="/wiki/Arab_Americans" title="Arab Americans">Arab</a></u>:</td> <td>277,573</td> <td>6,191 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Americans" title="Egyptian Americans">Egyptian</a><sup id="cite_ref-Arab_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arab-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>45,540</td> <td>2,737 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Americans" title="Iraqi Americans">Iraqi</a><sup id="cite_ref-Arab_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arab-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>20,551</td> <td>1,969 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_Americans" title="Jordanian Americans">Jordanian</a><sup id="cite_ref-Arab_85-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arab-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>14,142</td> <td>1,731 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Americans" title="Lebanese Americans">Lebanese</a><sup id="cite_ref-Arab_85-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arab-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>57,008</td> <td>2,372 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_Americans" title="Moroccan Americans">Moroccan</a><sup id="cite_ref-Arab_85-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arab-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>8,953</td> <td>959 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Americans" title="Palestinian Americans">Palestinian</a><sup id="cite_ref-Arab_85-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arab-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>57,222</td> <td>1,571 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Americans" title="Syrian Americans">Syrian</a><sup id="cite_ref-Arab_85-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arab-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>23,298</td> <td>1,749 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Arab<sup id="cite_ref-Arab_85-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arab-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>44,851</td> <td>2,645 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Arab other<sup id="cite_ref-Arab_85-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arab-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>48,890</td> <td>2,692 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Americans" title="Armenian Americans">Armenian</a></td> <td>258,260</td> <td>5,292 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Americans" title="Assyrian Americans">Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac</a></td> <td>35,690</td> <td>2,687 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Australian_Americans" title="Australian Americans">Australian</a></td> <td>18,803</td> <td>1,253 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Americans" title="Austrian Americans">Austrian</a></td> <td>77,113</td> <td>2,205 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Basque_Americans" title="Basque Americans">Basque</a></td> <td>18,413</td> <td>1,252 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Americans" title="Belgian Americans">Belgian</a></td> <td>25,581</td> <td>1,354 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Americans" title="Brazilian Americans">Brazilian</a></td> <td>34,776</td> <td>1,964 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Americans" title="British Americans">British</a></td> <td>146,221</td> <td>3,425 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Americans" title="Bulgarian Americans">Bulgarian</a></td> <td>13,093</td> <td>1,304 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cajuns" title="Cajuns">Cajun</a></td> <td>3,752</td> <td>858 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Americans" title="Canadian Americans">Canadian</a></td> <td>88,244</td> <td>2,687 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rusyn_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Rusyn American">Carpatho Rusyn</a></td> <td>462</td> <td>151 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Celts_(modern)" title="Celts (modern)">Celtic</a></td> <td>5,910</td> <td>593 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Americans" title="Croatian Americans">Croatian</a></td> <td>48,160</td> <td>1,859 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_Americans" title="Cypriot Americans">Cypriot</a></td> <td>557</td> <td>204 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Czech_Americans" title="Czech Americans">Czech</a></td> <td>88,563</td> <td>2,557 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakian</a></td> <td>23,097</td> <td>1,164 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Danish_Americans" title="Danish Americans">Danish</a></td> <td>182,221</td> <td>3,432 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Americans" title="Dutch Americans">Dutch</a></td> <td>392,589</td> <td>6,088 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern European</a></td> <td>66,301</td> <td>2,688 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/English_Americans" title="English Americans">English</a></td> <td>2,330,057</td> <td>15,509 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Americans" title="Estonian Americans">Estonian</a></td> <td>4,210</td> <td>636 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Americans" title="European Americans">European</a></td> <td>542,475</td> <td>8,588 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Americans" title="Finnish Americans">Finnish</a></td> <td>50,937</td> <td>2,012 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/French_Americans" title="French Americans">French</a><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>726,569</td> <td>8,629 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/French_Canadian_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="French Canadian Americans">French Canadian</a></td> <td>111,298</td> <td>2,978 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German</a></td> <td>3,315,493</td> <td>16,348 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/History_of_Germans_in_Russia,_Ukraine,_and_the_Soviet_Union" title="History of Germans in Russia, Ukraine, and the Soviet Union">German Russian</a></td> <td>2,094</td> <td>328 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_Americans" title="Greek Americans">Greek</a></td> <td>131,110</td> <td>3,050 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guyanese_Americans" title="Guyanese Americans">Guyanese</a></td> <td>2,947</td> <td>468 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Americans" title="Hungarian Americans">Hungarian</a></td> <td>125,280</td> <td>3,639 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Americans" title="Icelandic Americans">Icelander</a></td> <td>6,169</td> <td>777 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Americans" title="Iranian Americans">Iranian/Persian</a></td> <td>213,661</td> <td>6,417 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish</a></td> <td>2,612,782</td> <td>13,767 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Americans" title="Israeli Americans">Israeli</a></td> <td>28,639</td> <td>1,889 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_Americans" title="Italian Americans">Italian</a></td> <td>1,525,214</td> <td>12,309 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Americans" title="Latvian Americans">Latvian</a></td> <td>10,974</td> <td>916 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Americans" title="Lithuanian Americans">Lithuanian</a></td> <td>48,883</td> <td>1,811 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgian_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxembourgian Americans">Luxemburger</a></td> <td>3,040</td> <td>387 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Americans" title="Macedonian Americans">Macedonian</a></td> <td>3,093</td> <td>471 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maltese_Americans" title="Maltese Americans">Maltese</a></td> <td>7,883</td> <td>1,035 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Americans" title="New Zealand Americans">New Zealander</a></td> <td>5,047</td> <td>763 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northern_Europe" title="Northern Europe">Northern European</a></td> <td>46,409</td> <td>2,030 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Americans" title="Norwegian Americans">Norwegian</a></td> <td>394,056</td> <td>5,827 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Dutch" title="Pennsylvania Dutch">Pennsylvania German</a></td> <td>6,217</td> <td>609 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Polish_Americans" title="Polish Americans">Polish</a></td> <td>504,770</td> <td>7,165 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Americans" title="Portuguese Americans">Portuguese</a></td> <td>354,823</td> <td>5,044 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Americans" title="Romanian Americans">Romanian</a></td> <td>66,942</td> <td>2,927 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Russian_Americans" title="Russian Americans">Russian</a></td> <td>433,384</td> <td>6,662 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Scandinavian Americans">Scandinavian</a></td> <td>64,166</td> <td>2,299 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Scotch-Irish_Americans" title="Scotch-Irish Americans">Scotch-Irish</a></td> <td>240,268</td> <td>4,345 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Americans" title="Scottish Americans">Scottish</a></td> <td>520,575</td> <td>7,414 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Americans" title="Serbian Americans">Serbian</a></td> <td>17,739</td> <td>1,434 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Slavic</td> <td>11,335</td> <td>948 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Americans" title="Slovak Americans">Slovak</a></td> <td>24,732</td> <td>1,564 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Slovene_Americans" title="Slovene Americans">Slovene</a></td> <td>8,628</td> <td>727 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Soviet_people" title="Soviet people">Soviet Union</a></td> <td>195</td> <td>111 </td></tr> <tr> <td><u><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="African immigration to the United States">Sub-Saharan African</a></u>:</td> <td>269,781</td> <td>7,329 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdean_Americans" title="Cape Verdean Americans">Cape Verdean</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>2,549</td> <td>532 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Americans" title="Ethiopian Americans">Ethiopian</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>28,007</td> <td>2,467 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_Americans" title="Ghanaian Americans">Ghanaian</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>3,392</td> <td>647 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_Americans" title="Kenyan Americans">Kenyan</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>4,713</td> <td>970 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberian_Americans" title="Liberian Americans">Liberian</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1,069</td> <td>400 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Americans" title="Nigerian Americans">Nigerian</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>25,498</td> <td>2,414 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_Americans" title="Senegalese Americans">Senegalese</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>585</td> <td>296 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leonean_Americans" title="Sierra Leonean Americans">Sierra Leonean</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>537</td> <td>223 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Somali_Americans" title="Somali Americans">Somalian</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>7,066</td> <td>1,440 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/South_African_Americans" title="South African Americans">South African</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>10,095</td> <td>917 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_Americans" title="Sudanese Americans">Sudanese</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>2,095</td> <td>510 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ugandan_Americans" title="Ugandan Americans">Ugandan</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1,694</td> <td>516 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_Americans" title="Zimbabwean Americans">Zimbabwean</a><sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>585</td> <td>244 </td></tr> <tr> <td>African<sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>174,347</td> <td>6,255 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other sub-Saharan African<sup id="cite_ref-SubA_87-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>7,549</td> <td>1,148 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Americans" title="Swedish Americans">Swedish</a></td> <td>425,092</td> <td>5,332 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Americans" title="Swiss Americans">Swiss</a></td> <td>103,574</td> <td>2,660 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Americans" title="Turkish Americans">Turkish</a></td> <td>23,206</td> <td>1,214 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Americans" title="Ukrainian Americans">Ukrainian</a></td> <td>99,583</td> <td>4,046 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Americans" title="Welsh Americans">Welsh</a></td> <td>168,463</td> <td>3,482 </td></tr> <tr> <td><u><a href="/wiki/West_Indian_Americans" title="West Indian Americans">West Indian</a></u><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>79,125</td> <td>727 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahamian_Americans" title="Bahamian Americans">Bahamian</a><sup id="cite_ref-WI_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WI-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>596</td> <td>215 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Barbadian_Americans" title="Barbadian Americans">Barbadian</a><sup id="cite_ref-WI_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WI-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1,362</td> <td>308 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belizean_Americans" title="Belizean Americans">Belizean</a><sup id="cite_ref-WI_89-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WI-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>21,331</td> <td>1,459 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bermudian_Americans" title="Bermudian Americans">Bermudian</a><sup id="cite_ref-WI_89-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WI-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>370</td> <td>170 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/British_West_Indies" title="British West Indies">British West Indian</a><sup id="cite_ref-WI_89-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WI-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1,858</td> <td>485 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch_West_Indian_Americans" title="Dutch West Indian Americans">Dutch West Indian</a><sup id="cite_ref-WI_89-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WI-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1,960</td> <td>329 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Americans" title="Haitian Americans">Haitian</a><sup id="cite_ref-WI_89-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WI-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>7,363</td> <td>1,046 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Americans" title="Jamaican Americans">Jamaican</a><sup id="cite_ref-WI_89-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WI-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>28,675</td> <td>1,877 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Trinidadian_and_Tobagonian_Americans" title="Trinidadian and Tobagonian Americans">Trinidadian and Tobagonian</a><sup id="cite_ref-WI_89-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WI-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>5,357</td> <td>716 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stateside_Virgin_Islands_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Stateside Virgin Islands Americans">US Virgin Islander</a><sup id="cite_ref-WI_89-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WI-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>756</td> <td>288 </td></tr> <tr> <td>West Indian<sup id="cite_ref-WI_89-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WI-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>9,221</td> <td>1,247 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other West Indian<sup id="cite_ref-WI_89-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WI-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fn 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>276</td> <td>124 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Americans" title="Yugoslav Americans">Yugoslavian</a></td> <td>33,363</td> <td>1,830 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other groups</td> <td>24,394,120</td> <td>29,987 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Footnotes </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Underlined entries have sub-ancestries</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arab-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Arab_85-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arab_85-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arab_85-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arab_85-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arab_85-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arab_85-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arab_85-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arab_85-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arab_85-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Arab sub-ancestry</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">except Basque</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SubA-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubA_87-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Subsaharan African sub-ancestry</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">except Hispanic groups</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WI-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WI_89-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WI_89-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WI_89-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WI_89-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WI_89-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WI_89-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WI_89-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WI_89-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WI_89-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WI_89-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WI_89-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WI_89-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">West Indian sub-ancestry</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </th></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="font-size: 95%;"> <caption>Estimated ancestries of Californians </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Ancestry</th> <th>2010 Population<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Percentage of<br />Total Population </th></tr> <tr> <td><u><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">White, not Hispanic or Latino</a></u></td> <td>15,763,625</td> <td>42.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><u><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino (of any race)</a></u></td> <td>14,013,719</td> <td>37.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican</a></td> <td>11,423,146</td> <td>30.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Americans" title="Salvadoran Americans">Salvadoran</a></td> <td>573,956</td> <td>1.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Americans" title="Guatemalan Americans">Guatemalan</a></td> <td>332,737</td> <td>0.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Ricans" title="Puerto Ricans">Puerto Rican</a></td> <td>189,945</td> <td>0.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Americans" title="Colombian Americans">Colombian</a></td> <td>164,416</td> <td>0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Americans" title="Spanish Americans">Spaniard</a></td> <td>142,194</td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Americans" title="Nicaraguan Americans">Nicaraguan</a></td> <td>100,790</td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Americans" title="Peruvian Americans">Peruvian</a></td> <td>91,511</td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Americans" title="Cuban Americans">Cuban</a></td> <td>88,607</td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Honduran_Americans" title="Honduran Americans">Honduran</a></td> <td>72,795</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Americans" title="Argentine Americans">Argentinean</a></td> <td>44,410</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_Americans" title="Ecuadorian Americans">Ecuadorian</a></td> <td>35,750</td> <td>0.09% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Americans" title="Chilean Americans">Chilean</a></td> <td>24,006</td> <td>0.06% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rican_Americans" title="Costa Rican Americans">Costa Rican</a></td> <td>22,469</td> <td>0.06% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Panamanian_Americans" title="Panamanian Americans">Panamanian</a></td> <td>17,768</td> <td>0.04% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bolivian_Americans" title="Bolivian Americans">Bolivian</a></td> <td>13,351</td> <td>0.03% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Americans" title="Dominican Americans">Dominican</a></td> <td>11,455</td> <td>0.03% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_Americans" title="Venezuelan Americans">Venezuelan</a></td> <td>11,100</td> <td>0.02% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_Americans" title="Uruguayan Americans">Uruguayan</a></td> <td>4,110</td> <td>0.01% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_Americans" title="Paraguayan Americans">Paraguayan</a></td> <td>1,228</td> <td>0.003% </td></tr> <tr> <td><u><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a></u></td> <td>5,556,592</td> <td>14.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Americans" title="Filipino Americans">Filipino</a></td> <td>1,474,707</td> <td>3.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans" title="Chinese Americans">Chinese</a> (except Taiwanese)</td> <td>1,349,111</td> <td>3.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Americans" title="Vietnamese Americans">Vietnamese</a></td> <td>647,589</td> <td>1.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_Americans" title="Indian Americans">Indian</a></td> <td>590,445</td> <td>1.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Korean_Americans" title="Korean Americans">Korean</a></td> <td>505,225</td> <td>1.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Americans" title="Japanese Americans">Japanese</a></td> <td>428,014</td> <td>1.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Ryukyuan_Americans" title="Ryukyuan Americans">Okinawan</a></small></td> <td>1,377</td> <td>0.003% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Americans" title="Taiwanese Americans">Taiwanese</a></td> <td>109,928</td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Americans" title="Cambodian Americans">Cambodian</a></td> <td>102,317</td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hmong_Americans" title="Hmong Americans">Hmong</a></td> <td>91,224</td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Laotian_Americans" title="Laotian Americans">Laotian</a></td> <td>69,303</td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thai_Americans" title="Thai Americans">Thai</a></td> <td>67,707</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Americans" title="Pakistani Americans">Pakistani</a></td> <td>53,474</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Americans" title="Indonesian Americans">Indonesian</a></td> <td>39,506</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Americans" title="Sri Lankan Americans">Sri Lankan</a></td> <td>11,929</td> <td>0.03% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_Americans" title="Bangladeshi Americans">Bangladeshi</a></td> <td>10,494</td> <td>0.02% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Americans" title="Nepalese Americans">Nepalese</a></td> <td>6,231</td> <td>0.01% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Americans" title="Malaysian Americans">Malaysian</a></td> <td>5,595</td> <td>0.01% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Americans" title="Mongolian Americans">Mongolian</a></td> <td>4,993</td> <td>0.01% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_Americans" title="Singaporean Americans">Singaporean</a></td> <td>1,513</td> <td>0.004% </td></tr> <tr> <td><u><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black or African American</a></u></td> <td>2,683,914</td> <td>7.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><u><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Multiracial</a> (two or more races)</u></td> <td>1,815,384</td> <td>4.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><u><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">American Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Native_Alaskans" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Alaskans">Alaska Native</a></u></td> <td>723,225</td> <td>1.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><u><a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Other Pacific Islander</a></u></td> <td>286,145</td> <td>0.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Polynesians" title="Polynesians">Polynesian</a></td> <td>157,104</td> <td>0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiian</a></small></td> <td>74,932</td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Samoan_Americans" title="Samoan Americans">Samoan</a></small></td> <td>60,876</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Tongan_Americans" title="Tongan Americans">Tongan</a></small></td> <td>22,893</td> <td>0.06% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Micronesian_Americans" title="Micronesian Americans">Micronesian</a></td> <td>49,197</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Chamorro_people" title="Chamorro people">Guamanian or Chamorro</a></small></td> <td>44,425</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Melanesians" title="Melanesians">Melanesian</a></td> <td>24,203</td> <td>0.06% </td></tr> <tr> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Fijian_Americans" title="Fijian Americans">Fijian</a></small></td> <td>24,059</td> <td>0.06% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Total</b></td> <td><b>37,253,956</b></td> <td>100% </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Country_of_birth">Country of birth</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Country of birth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>American Community Survey (ACS) data from 2021<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank </th> <th>Country of birth </th> <th>Population </th></tr> <tr> <td>1. </td> <td>United States </td> <td>28,786,026 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2. </td> <td>Mexico </td> <td>3,859,785 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3. </td> <td>Philippines </td> <td>812,752 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4. </td> <td>China, excluding Taiwan </td> <td>766,855 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5. </td> <td>India </td> <td>547,009 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6. </td> <td>Vietnam </td> <td>503,340 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7. </td> <td>El Salvador </td> <td>460,260 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8. </td> <td>Korea </td> <td>311,049 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9. </td> <td>Iran </td> <td>212,452 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10. </td> <td>Taiwan </td> <td>171,960 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11. </td> <td>United Kingdom </td> <td>121,581 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12. </td> <td>Canada </td> <td>120,102 </td></tr> <tr> <td>13. </td> <td>Japan </td> <td>106,870 </td></tr> <tr> <td>14. </td> <td>Russia </td> <td>73,582 </td></tr> <tr> <td>15. </td> <td>Germany </td> <td>72,672 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Birth_data">Birth data</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Birth data"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Vital statistics from 1909–2023<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Average<br />population </th> <th>Crude birth rate<br />(per 1,000) </th> <th>Crude death rate<br />(per 1,000) </th> <th>Natural change<br />(per 1,000) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1909 </td> <td>2,282,000 </td> <td>13.6 </td> <td>13.6 </td> <td>0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1910 </td> <td>2,406,000 </td> <td>13.3 </td> <td>13.3 </td> <td>0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1911 </td> <td>2,534,000 </td> <td>13.8 </td> <td>13.4 </td> <td>0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1912 </td> <td>2,668,000 </td> <td>14.6 </td> <td>13.9 </td> <td>0.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1913 </td> <td>2,811,000 </td> <td>15.7 </td> <td>13.9 </td> <td>1.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1914 </td> <td>2,934,000 </td> <td>15.7 </td> <td>12.6 </td> <td>3.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1915 </td> <td>3,008,000 </td> <td>16.0 </td> <td>13.0 </td> <td>3.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1916 </td> <td>3,071,000 </td> <td>16.6 </td> <td>13.0 </td> <td>3.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1917 </td> <td>3,171,000 </td> <td>16.4 </td> <td>13.2 </td> <td>3.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1918 </td> <td>3,262,000 </td> <td>17.2 </td> <td>17.6 </td> <td>-0.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1919 </td> <td>3,339,000 </td> <td>17.1 </td> <td>13.8 </td> <td>3.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1920 </td> <td>3,554,000 </td> <td>18.9 </td> <td>13.2 </td> <td>5.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1921 </td> <td>3,795,000 </td> <td>19.0 </td> <td>12.4 </td> <td>6.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1922 </td> <td>3,991,000 </td> <td>18.3 </td> <td>13.0 </td> <td>5.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1923 </td> <td>4,270,000 </td> <td>18.7 </td> <td>12.6 </td> <td>6.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1924 </td> <td>4,541,000 </td> <td>19.2 </td> <td>12.6 </td> <td>6.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1925 </td> <td>4,730,000 </td> <td>18.0 </td> <td>12.1 </td> <td>5.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1926 </td> <td>4,929,000 </td> <td>16.6 </td> <td>12.0 </td> <td>4.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1927 </td> <td>5,147,000 </td> <td>16.3 </td> <td>11.9 </td> <td>4.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1928 </td> <td>5,344,000 </td> <td>15.7 </td> <td>12.4 </td> <td>3.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1929 </td> <td>5,531,000 </td> <td>14.6 </td> <td>11.8 </td> <td>2.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1930 </td> <td>5,711,000 </td> <td>14.7 </td> <td>11.6 </td> <td>3.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1931 </td> <td>5,824,000 </td> <td>14.1 </td> <td>11.7 </td> <td>2.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1932 </td> <td>5,894,000 </td> <td>13.2 </td> <td>11.5 </td> <td>1.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1933 </td> <td>5,963,000 </td> <td>12.6 </td> <td>11.4 </td> <td>1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1934 </td> <td>6,060,000 </td> <td>12.9 </td> <td>11.2 </td> <td>1.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1935 </td> <td>6,175,000 </td> <td>13.0 </td> <td>11.8 </td> <td>1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1936 </td> <td>6,341,000 </td> <td>13.2 </td> <td>12.0 </td> <td>1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1937 </td> <td>6,528,000 </td> <td>14.4 </td> <td>12.3 </td> <td>2.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1938 </td> <td>6,656,000 </td> <td>15.3 </td> <td>11.4 </td> <td>3.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1939 </td> <td>6,785,000 </td> <td>15.3 </td> <td>11.3 </td> <td>4.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1940 </td> <td>6,950,000 </td> <td>16.1 </td> <td>11.5 </td> <td>4.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1941 </td> <td>7,237,000 </td> <td>17.3 </td> <td>11.3 </td> <td>6.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1942 </td> <td>7,735,000 </td> <td>19.8 </td> <td>11.0 </td> <td>8.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1943 </td> <td>8,506,000 </td> <td>20.3 </td> <td>10.6 </td> <td>9.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1944 </td> <td>8,945,000 </td> <td>18.9 </td> <td>10.1 </td> <td>8.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1945 </td> <td>9,344,000 </td> <td>19.5 </td> <td>9.8 </td> <td>9.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1946 </td> <td>9,559,000 </td> <td>22.7 </td> <td>9.8 </td> <td>12.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1947 </td> <td>9,832,000 </td> <td>24.8 </td> <td>9.7 </td> <td>15.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1948 </td> <td>10,060,000 </td> <td>23.8 </td> <td>9.7 </td> <td>14.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1949 </td> <td>10,340,000 </td> <td>23.7 </td> <td>9.7 </td> <td>14.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1950 </td> <td>10,680,000 </td> <td>22.9 </td> <td>9.3 </td> <td>13.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1951 </td> <td>11,130,000 </td> <td>23.4 </td> <td>9.3 </td> <td>14.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1952 </td> <td>11,640,000 </td> <td>24.1 </td> <td>9.3 </td> <td>14.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1953 </td> <td>12,250,000 </td> <td>24.5 </td> <td>9.1 </td> <td>15.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1954 </td> <td>12,750,000 </td> <td>24.4 </td> <td>8.7 </td> <td>15.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1955 </td> <td>13,130,000 </td> <td>24.1 </td> <td>8.8 </td> <td>15.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1956 </td> <td>13,710,000 </td> <td>24.6 </td> <td>8.8 </td> <td>15.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1957 </td> <td>14,260,000 </td> <td>24.8 </td> <td>8.7 </td> <td>16.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1958 </td> <td>14,880,000 </td> <td>23.7 </td> <td>8.5 </td> <td>15.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1959 </td> <td>15,470,000 </td> <td>23.5 </td> <td>8.4 </td> <td>15.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1960 </td> <td>15,870,000 </td> <td>23.5 </td> <td>8.5 </td> <td>15.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1961 </td> <td>16,500,000 </td> <td>23.2 </td> <td>8.3 </td> <td>14.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1962 </td> <td>17,070,000 </td> <td>22.3 </td> <td>8.3 </td> <td>14.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1963 </td> <td>17,670,000 </td> <td>21.7 </td> <td>8.4 </td> <td>13.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1964 </td> <td>18,150,000 </td> <td>20.8 </td> <td>8.4 </td> <td>12.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1965 </td> <td>18,580,000 </td> <td>19.2 </td> <td>8.3 </td> <td>10.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1966 </td> <td>18,860,000 </td> <td>17.9 </td> <td>8.3 </td> <td>9.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1967 </td> <td>19,180,000 </td> <td>17.6 </td> <td>8.2 </td> <td>9.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1968 </td> <td>19,390,000 </td> <td>17.4 </td> <td>8.3 </td> <td>9.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1969 </td> <td>19,710,000 </td> <td>17.8 </td> <td>8.4 </td> <td>9.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970 </td> <td>19,970,000 </td> <td>17.9 </td> <td>8.2 </td> <td>9.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971 </td> <td>20,350,000 </td> <td>17.3 </td> <td>8.3 </td> <td>9.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972 </td> <td>20,590,000 </td> <td>15.2 </td> <td>8.2 </td> <td>7.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973 </td> <td>20,870,000 </td> <td>14.5 </td> <td>8.3 </td> <td>6.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1974 </td> <td>21,170,000 </td> <td>14.2 </td> <td>8.0 </td> <td>6.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975 </td> <td>21,540,000 </td> <td>14.7 </td> <td>7.9 </td> <td>6.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1976 </td> <td>21,940,000 </td> <td>14.7 </td> <td>7.7 </td> <td>7.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1977 </td> <td>22,350,000 </td> <td>15.3 </td> <td>7.5 </td> <td>7.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978 </td> <td>22,840,000 </td> <td>15.3 </td> <td>7.6 </td> <td>7.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1979 </td> <td>23,260,000 </td> <td>15.8 </td> <td>7.6 </td> <td>8.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980 </td> <td>23,670,000 </td> <td>16.4 </td> <td>7.6 </td> <td>8.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981 </td> <td>24,290,000 </td> <td>17.0 </td> <td>7.8 </td> <td>9.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1982 </td> <td>24,820,000 </td> <td>17.1 </td> <td>7.5 </td> <td>9.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1983 </td> <td>25,360,000 </td> <td>17.2 </td> <td>7.4 </td> <td>9.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1984 </td> <td>25,840,000 </td> <td>16.9 </td> <td>7.4 </td> <td>9.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985 </td> <td>26,440,000 </td> <td>17.3 </td> <td>7.7 </td> <td>9.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986 </td> <td>27,100,000 </td> <td>17.8 </td> <td>7.4 </td> <td>10.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1987 </td> <td>27,780,000 </td> <td>17.8 </td> <td>7.4 </td> <td>10.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1988 </td> <td>28,460,000 </td> <td>18.2 </td> <td>7.5 </td> <td>10.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1989 </td> <td>29,220,000 </td> <td>18.8 </td> <td>7.4 </td> <td>11.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990 </td> <td>29,960,000 </td> <td>19.9 </td> <td>7.1 </td> <td>12.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991 </td> <td>30,470,000 </td> <td>20.0 </td> <td>7.0 </td> <td>13.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992 </td> <td>30,970,000 </td> <td>19.8 </td> <td>7.0 </td> <td>12.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993 </td> <td>31,270,000 </td> <td>18.8 </td> <td>6.9 </td> <td>11.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994 </td> <td>31,480,000 </td> <td>18.4 </td> <td>7.1 </td> <td>11.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995 </td> <td>31,700,000 </td> <td>17.6 </td> <td>7.0 </td> <td>10.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996 </td> <td>32,020,000 </td> <td>17.0 </td> <td>7.0 </td> <td>10.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997 </td> <td>32,830,000 </td> <td>16.4 </td> <td>6.8 </td> <td>9.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998 </td> <td>32,990,000 </td> <td>15.9 </td> <td>6.9 </td> <td>9.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999 </td> <td>33,500,000 </td> <td>15.5 </td> <td>6.8 </td> <td>8.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000 </td> <td>33,990,000 </td> <td>15.5 </td> <td>6.7 </td> <td>8.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001 </td> <td>34,480,000 </td> <td>15.3 </td> <td>6.7 </td> <td>8.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002 </td> <td>34,870,000 </td> <td>15.1 </td> <td>6.7 </td> <td>8.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003 </td> <td>35,250,000 </td> <td>15.2 </td> <td>6.6 </td> <td>8.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004 </td> <td>35,570,000 </td> <td>15.1 </td> <td>6.7 </td> <td>8.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005 </td> <td>35,830,000 </td> <td>15.2 </td> <td>6.4 </td> <td>8.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006 </td> <td>36,020,000 </td> <td>15.3 </td> <td>6.6 </td> <td>8.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007 </td> <td>36,250,000 </td> <td>15.4 </td> <td>6.4 </td> <td>9.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008 </td> <td>36,600,000 </td> <td>15.4 </td> <td>6.4 </td> <td>9.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009 </td> <td>36,960,000 </td> <td>14.5 </td> <td>6.1 </td> <td>8.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010 </td> <td>37,350,000 </td> <td>13.8 </td> <td>6.2 </td> <td>7.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011 </td> <td>37,670,000 </td> <td>13.5 </td> <td>6.3 </td> <td>7.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td>38,020,000 </td> <td>13.1 </td> <td>6.3 </td> <td>6.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013 </td> <td>38,350,000 </td> <td>13.0 </td> <td>6.5 </td> <td>6.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014 </td> <td>38,700,000 </td> <td>12.9 </td> <td>6.3 </td> <td>6.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015 </td> <td>38,914,000 </td> <td>12.8 </td> <td>6.5 </td> <td>6.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016 </td> <td>39,128,000 </td> <td>12.5 </td> <td>6.6 </td> <td>5.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017 </td> <td>39,329,000 </td> <td>12.3 </td> <td>6.8 </td> <td>5.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 </td> <td>39,476,000 </td> <td>11.7 </td> <td>6.9 </td> <td>4.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 </td> <td>39,530,000 </td> <td>11.4 </td> <td>6.8 </td> <td>4.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020 </td> <td>39,542,000 </td> <td>11.1 </td> <td>7.1 </td> <td>4.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2021 </td> <td>39,247,000 </td> <td>10.5 </td> <td>8.8 </td> <td>1.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022 </td> <td>39,146,000 </td> <td>10.8 </td> <td>8.1 </td> <td>2.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2023 </td> <td>39,109,000 </td> <td>10.5 </td> <td>7.7 </td> <td>2.8 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Average<br />population </th> <th>Crude birth rate<br />(per 1,000) </th> <th>Crude death rate<br />(per 1,000) </th> <th>Natural change<br />(per 1,000) </th></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%"> <caption>Live Births by Single Race/Ethnicity of Mother </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States Census">Ethnicity</a> </th> <th>2013<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2014<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2015<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2016<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2017<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2018<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2019<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2020<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2021<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2022<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">Non-Hispanic White</a> </td> <td>143,531 (29.0%) </td> <td>144,318 (28.7%) </td> <td>141,592 (28.8%) </td> <td>132,780 (27.2%) </td> <td>127,822 (27.1%) </td> <td>123,139 (27.1%) </td> <td>121,076 (27.1%) </td> <td>115,543 (27.5%) </td> <td>115,845 (27.5%) </td> <td>110,370 (26.3%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> </td> <td>76,424 (15.4%) </td> <td>84,224 (16.7%) </td> <td>80,269 (16.3%) </td> <td>73,843 (15.1%) </td> <td>72,049 (15.2%) </td> <td>68,444 (15.0%) </td> <td>67,754 (15.2%) </td> <td>58,543 (13.9%) </td> <td>55,777 (13.3%) </td> <td>56,915 (13.6%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</a> </td> <td>31,977 (6.5%) </td> <td>31,654 (6.3%) </td> <td>30,546 (6.2%) </td> <td>23,936 (4.9%) </td> <td>23,441 (5.0%) </td> <td>22,380 (4.9%) </td> <td>22,374 (5.0%) </td> <td>21,350 (5.1%) </td> <td>21,287 (5.1%) </td> <td>20,050 (4.8%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islands Americans">Pacific Islander</a> </td> <td>... </td> <td>... </td> <td>... </td> <td>1,851 (0.4%) </td> <td>1,809 (0.4%) </td> <td>1,732 (0.4%) </td> <td>1,711 (0.4%) </td> <td>1,617 (0.4%) </td> <td>1,619 (0.4%) </td> <td>1,601 (0.4%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">American Indian</a> </td> <td>3,590 (0.7%) </td> <td>3,509 (0.7%) </td> <td>3,510 (0.7%) </td> <td>1,447 (0.3%) </td> <td>1,411 (0.3%) </td> <td>1,411 (0.3%) </td> <td>1,458 (0.3%) </td> <td>1,391 (0.3%) </td> <td>1,316 (0.3%) </td> <td>1,297 (0.3%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic</a></i> </td> <td><i>238,496</i> (48.2%) </td> <td><i>237,539</i> (47.2%) </td> <td><i>234,237</i> (47.6%) </td> <td><i>228,982</i> (46.8%) </td> <td><i>220,122</i> (46.7%) </td> <td><i>211,271</i> (46.4%) </td> <td><i>203,996</i> (45.7%) </td> <td><i>194,295</i> (46.2%) </td> <td><i>196,077</i> (46.6%) </td> <td><i>203,312</i> (48.5%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Total California</b> </td> <td><b>494,705</b> (100%) </td> <td><b>502,879</b> (100%) </td> <td><b>491,748</b> (100%) </td> <td><b>488,827</b> (100%) </td> <td><b>471,658</b> (100%) </td> <td><b>454,920</b> (100%) </td> <td><b>446,479</b> (100%) </td> <td><b>420,259</b> (100%) </td> <td><b>420,608</b> (100%) </td> <td><b>419,104</b> (100%) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i>Note: Births in table do not add up, because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number.</i> </p> <ul><li>Persons of <i>Hispanic</i> origin may be of any race.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Languages">Languages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/California_English" title="California English">California English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language_in_California" title="Spanish language in California">Spanish language in California</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:1em; float:right"> <caption>Top 12 Non-English Languages spoken in California<br /><small> (as of 2010)</small><sup id="cite_ref-MLA_Data_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MLA_Data-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Language</th> <th>Percentage of<br />population </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language_in_California" title="Spanish language in California">Spanish</a></td> <td>28.46% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> (including<br /><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantonese language">Cantonese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a>)</td> <td>2.80% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a></td> <td>2.20% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a></td> <td>1.43% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a></td> <td>1.08% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> (tied)</td> <td>0.52% (each) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a></td> <td>0.43% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a></td> <td>0.42% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hindi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi language">Hindi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> (tied)</td> <td>0.38% (each) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></td> <td>0.36% </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>As of 2010, 20,379,282 of California residents age 5 and older spoke <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> at home as a <a href="/wiki/Primary_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary language">primary language</a>, while 10,672,610 spoke <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language_in_California" title="Spanish language in California">Spanish</a>, 1,231,425 <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> (which includes <a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a>), 796,451 <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a>, 559,932 <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a>, 367,523 <a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>, 192,980 <a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> was spoken as a <a href="/wiki/Main_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Main language">main language</a> by 203,770 of the population over the age of five. In total, 14,644,136 of California's population age 5 and older spoke a <a href="/wiki/Mother_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mother language">mother language</a> other than English.<sup id="cite_ref-MLA_Data_104-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MLA_Data-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Comparatively, according to the 2007 <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">American Community Survey</a>, 42.6 percent of California's population older than five spoke a language other than English at home, with 73 percent of those also speaking English well or very well, while 9.8 did not speak English at all.<sup id="cite_ref-Language2007_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Language2007-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>California had the highest concentration of <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a> or <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> speakers in the United States, second highest concentration of <a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a> or <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language_in_California" title="Spanish language in California">Spanish</a> speakers in the United States, and third highest concentration of <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a> speakers in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-Language2007_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Language2007-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> California was historically one of the most linguistically diverse areas in the world, and is home to more than 70 indigenous languages derived from 64 root languages in 6 language families.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_Languages_1770_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native_Languages_1770-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Indian_Root_Languages_1994_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indian_Root_Languages_1994-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A survey conducted between 2007 and 2009 identified 23 different indigenous languages of Mexico that are spoken among California farmworkers.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over 200 languages are known to be spoken and read in California, with Spanish used as the state's "alternative" language. California has more than 100 indigenous languages, making California one of the most linguistically diverse areas in the world. All of California's indigenous languages are <a href="/wiki/Endangered_language" title="Endangered language">endangered</a> as a direct result of the <a href="/wiki/California_genocide" title="California genocide">California genocide</a> and generations of forced linguistic assimilation at <a href="/wiki/American_Indian_boarding_schools" title="American Indian boarding schools">American Indian boarding schools</a>, although there are now tribal-led efforts toward <a href="/wiki/Language_revitalization" title="Language revitalization">language revitalization</a>, mostly among nations with means to sustain formal language programs.<sup id="cite_ref-indigenous_languages_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indigenous_languages-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Official_language" title="Official language">official language</a> of California has been English since the passage of <a href="/wiki/List_of_California_ballot_propositions_1980%E2%80%931989#November_4,_1986" class="mw-redirect" title="List of California ballot propositions 1980–1989">Proposition 63 in 1986</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AB_800_Analysis_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AB_800_Analysis-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, many state, city, and local government agencies still continue to print official public documents in numerous languages.<sup id="cite_ref-Hull_English_already_official_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hull_English_already_official-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, the <a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Motor_Vehicles" title="California Department of Motor Vehicles">California Department of Motor Vehicles</a> offers the written exam for <a href="/wiki/Driver%27s_license_in_the_United_States#Standard_licenses" class="mw-redirect" title="Driver's license in the United States">the standard C Class driver's license</a> in 31 languages along with English, and the audio exam in 11 languages.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The politics of language is a major political issue in the state, especially in regard to <a href="/wiki/Language_policy" title="Language policy">language policy</a> controlling the teaching and official use of immigrant languages. </p><p>As a result of the state's increasing diversity and migration from other areas across the country and around the globe, linguists began noticing a noteworthy set of emerging characteristics of spoken English in California since the late 20th century. This dialect, known as <a href="/wiki/California_English" title="California English">California English</a>, has a <a href="/wiki/Vowel_shift" title="Vowel shift">vowel shift</a> and several other phonological processes that are different from the dialects used in other regions of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-Bucholtz_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bucholtz-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:Black; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 1589.4544843865px; border-left-color:Chartreuse"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Chartreuse"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Chartreuse"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 524.21835811132px; border-left-color:Gold"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Gold"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Gold"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 307.76835371753px; border-left-color:Orange"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Orange"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Orange"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 212.51081731572px; border-left-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Blue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 157.57478599687px; border-left-color:Honeydew"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Honeydew"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Honeydew"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:77.051324277579px 63.742398974869px 0 0; border-top-color:Pink"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Pink"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:72.896862742141px 68.454710592869px 0 0; border-top-color:Aquamarine"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Aquamarine"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:68.454710592869px 72.896862742141px 0 0; border-top-color:Purple"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Purple"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:63.742398974869px 77.051324277579px 0 0; border-top-color:DarkTurquoise"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DarkTurquoise"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:58.778525229247px 80.901699437495px 0 0; border-top-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Red"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 47.056428121225px 100px 0; border-right-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Religion in California (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-pew2014_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pew2014-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DodgerBlue; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a> (32%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Red; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholicism</a> (28%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DarkTurquoise; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_California" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in California">Mormonism</a> (1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Purple; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodoxy</a> (1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Aquamarine; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witness</a> (1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Pink; color:black;"> </span> Other Christian (1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Honeydew; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">No religion</a> (27%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Blue; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> (2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Orange; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> (2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> (2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Chartreuse; color:black;"> </span> other religion (2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Black; color:white;"> </span> Don't know (1%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>California has the most <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_the_United_States" title="Catholic Church in the United States">Catholics in the United States</a>, ahead of <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in New York">New York State</a>, as well as large Protestant, non-religious, Jewish, and Muslim populations. It also has the largest <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_California" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in California">Latter-day Saint</a> population outside of <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CalLDS_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CalLDS-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state also has a large <a href="/wiki/American_Jews" title="American Jews">American Jewish</a> community, the second-largest in the nation, as well as largest in the Western US, and third-largest in the world, mainly concentrated in Los Angeles, <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California" title="Beverly Hills, California">Beverly Hills</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs,_California" title="Palm Springs, California">Palm Springs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>California also has large Muslim communities in west Los Angeles, San Diego, Beverly Hills, Orange County, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_County,_California" title="Santa Clara County, California">Santa Clara County</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Modesto,_California" title="Modesto, California">Modesto</a> area. </p><p>Most <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholics</a> in California are of <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central American</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_Americans" title="Italian Americans">Italian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Americans" title="Vietnamese Americans">Vietnamese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filipino_Americans" title="Filipino Americans">Filipino</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Korean_Americans" title="Korean Americans">Korean</a> ancestry. The population of Catholic Californians is rapidly growing due to the influx of Latin American, Asian, African, and Middle Eastern Christian immigrants. In the Archdiocese of Los Angeles, Sunday Mass is celebrated in 42 different languages representing more than 30 ethnic groups from around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Catholic dioceses of Orange, Los Angeles and San Jose have the largest Catholic diaspora of Vietnamese Catholics in world outside of Vietnam, estimated to be about 250,000-300,000 Catholics out of a total Vietnamese California population of 1.3 Million.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The largest Christian denominations in California in 2000 were the Catholic Church with 10,079,310; the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with 529,575; and the Southern Baptist Convention with 471,119. Jewish congregations had 994,000 adherents, or 3% of the Californian population.<sup id="cite_ref-Religious_Adherent_Count_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Religious_Adherent_Count-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shint%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Shintō">Shintō</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a> were introduced in part by Asian immigrants. As the 20th century came to a close, forty percent of all Buddhists in America resided in Southern California. The <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles metropolitan area">Los Angeles metropolitan area</a> has become unique in the Buddhist world as the only place where representative organizations of every major school of Buddhism can be found in a single urban center.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_of_American_Religions_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_of_American_Religions-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (January 2010)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/City_of_Ten_Thousand_Buddhas" title="City of Ten Thousand Buddhas">City of Ten Thousand Buddhas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Northern_California" title="Northern California">Northern California</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hsi_Lai_Temple" title="Hsi Lai Temple">Hsi Lai Temple</a> in <a href="/wiki/Southern_California" title="Southern California">Southern California</a> are two of the largest Buddhist temples in the Western Hemisphere. </p><p>California has the highest <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindu</a> population in the United States,<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> most of them <a href="/wiki/Indian_Americans" title="Indian Americans">Indian Americans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of the prominent Hindu temples including the <a href="/wiki/Malibu_Hindu_Temple" title="Malibu Hindu Temple">Malibu Hindu Temple</a> are located in California. </p><p>With more than 1,232,000 Jews as of 2015, California has the highest number of Jews of any state except <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_116-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Jews live in the <a href="/wiki/West_Los_Angeles" title="West Los Angeles">West Los Angeles</a> and (esp. west) <a href="/wiki/San_Fernando_Valley" title="San Fernando Valley">San Fernando Valley</a> regions of Los Angeles.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historic synagogues include <a href="/wiki/Beth_Jacob_Congregation_(Beverly_Hills,_California)" title="Beth Jacob Congregation (Beverly Hills, California)">Beth Jacob Congregation (Beverly Hills, California)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Congregation_B%27nai_Israel_(Sacramento,_California)" title="Congregation B'nai Israel (Sacramento, California)">Congregation B'nai Israel (Sacramento, California)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_(Stockton,_California)" title="Temple Israel (Stockton, California)">Temple Israel (Stockton, California)</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chabad" title="Chabad">Chabad</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Rohr_Jewish_Learning_Institute" title="Rohr Jewish Learning Institute">Rohr Jewish Learning Institute</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Aish_HaTorah" title="Aish HaTorah">Aish HaTorah</a> are active in California. </p><p>California also has the largest Muslim community in the United States, an estimated one percent of the population, mostly residing in Southern California. Approximately 100,000 Muslims reside in San Diego.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>California has more members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and <a href="/wiki/List_of_temples_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="List of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">Temples</a> than any state except <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Largest_LDS_Communities_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Largest_LDS_Communities-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Latter-day_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Latter-day Saints">Latter-day Saints</a> (Mormons) have played important roles in the <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_California" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in California">settlement of California throughout the state's history</a>. For example, a group of a few hundred <a href="/wiki/Latter-day_Saint" class="mw-redirect" title="Latter-day Saint">Latter-day Saint</a> converts from the Northeastern <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> arrived at what would become <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> in the 1840s aboard the ship <i>Brooklyn</i>, more than doubling the population of the small town. A group of Latter-day Saints also established the city of <a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino" class="mw-redirect" title="San Bernardino">San Bernardino</a> in Southern California in 1851.<sup id="cite_ref-CalLDS_115-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CalLDS-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the LDS Church 2014 statistics, 780,200 Latter-day Saints reside in the state of California, attending almost 1400 congregations statewide.<sup id="cite_ref-CalLDS_115-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CalLDS-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist Church</a> is headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Loma_Linda,_California" title="Loma Linda, California">Loma Linda</a> in San Bernardino county 60 miles east of Los Angeles, where the church members form the majority of the town's population. The SDA church there has a university, a free hospital and a TV station (<a href="/wiki/3ABN" class="mw-redirect" title="3ABN">3ABN</a> or the 3 Angels Broadcasting Network). The town is known for a large number of <a href="/wiki/Centenarians" class="mw-redirect" title="Centenarians">centenarians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A Pew Research Center survey revealed, however, that California is less religious than the rest of the United States: 62% of Californians say they are "absolutely certain" of the belief "in God or a universal spirit", while in the nation 71% say so. The survey also revealed that 48% of Californians say religion is "very important", while the figure for the US in general is 56%.<sup id="cite_ref-Pew_Religion_and_Politics_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew_Religion_and_Politics-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Jose_Basilica.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cathedral Basilica of St. Joseph in San Jose"><img alt="Cathedral Basilica of St. Joseph in San Jose" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/San_Jose_Basilica.jpg/200px-San_Jose_Basilica.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/San_Jose_Basilica.jpg/300px-San_Jose_Basilica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/San_Jose_Basilica.jpg/400px-San_Jose_Basilica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_Basilica_of_St._Joseph_(San_Jose)" title="Cathedral Basilica of St. Joseph (San Jose)">Cathedral Basilica of St. Joseph</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:San-diego-mission-church.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Mission San Diego de Alcalá"><img alt="Mission San Diego de Alcalá" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/San-diego-mission-church.JPG/200px-San-diego-mission-church.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/San-diego-mission-church.JPG/300px-San-diego-mission-church.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/San-diego-mission-church.JPG/400px-San-diego-mission-church.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mission_San_Diego_de_Alcal%C3%A1" title="Mission San Diego de Alcalá">Mission San Diego de Alcalá</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lightmatter_Hsi_Lai_Temple_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hsi Lai Temple in Los Angeles County"><img alt="Hsi Lai Temple in Los Angeles County" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Lightmatter_Hsi_Lai_Temple_4.jpg/200px-Lightmatter_Hsi_Lai_Temple_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Lightmatter_Hsi_Lai_Temple_4.jpg/300px-Lightmatter_Hsi_Lai_Temple_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Lightmatter_Hsi_Lai_Temple_4.jpg/400px-Lightmatter_Hsi_Lai_Temple_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hsi_Lai_Temple" title="Hsi Lai Temple">Hsi Lai Temple</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles County">Los Angeles County</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Malibu_Hindu_Temple_25.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="South Indian style Malibu Hindu Temple"><img alt="South Indian style Malibu Hindu Temple" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Malibu_Hindu_Temple_25.jpg/200px-Malibu_Hindu_Temple_25.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Malibu_Hindu_Temple_25.jpg/300px-Malibu_Hindu_Temple_25.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Malibu_Hindu_Temple_25.jpg/400px-Malibu_Hindu_Temple_25.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">South Indian style <a href="/wiki/Malibu_Hindu_Temple" title="Malibu Hindu Temple">Malibu Hindu Temple</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BAPS_Mandir_LA_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="North Indian style BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir in Chino Hills"><img alt="North Indian style BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir in Chino Hills" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BAPS_Mandir_LA_1.jpg/200px-BAPS_Mandir_LA_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BAPS_Mandir_LA_1.jpg/300px-BAPS_Mandir_LA_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/BAPS_Mandir_LA_1.jpg/400px-BAPS_Mandir_LA_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">North Indian style <a href="/wiki/BAPS_Shri_Swaminarayan_Mandir_in_Chino_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir in Chino Hills">BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir in Chino Hills</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Los_Angeles_Temple_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Los Angeles California Temple"><img alt="Los Angeles California Temple" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Los_Angeles_Temple_1.jpg/200px-Los_Angeles_Temple_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Los_Angeles_Temple_1.jpg/300px-Los_Angeles_Temple_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Los_Angeles_Temple_1.jpg/400px-Los_Angeles_Temple_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_California_Temple" title="Los Angeles California Temple">Los Angeles California Temple</a></div> </li> </ul> <p>According to Pew Forum there are less than 1% Wiccans and other pagans in state with <a href="/wiki/Central_Valley_Wicca" title="Central Valley Wicca">Central Valley Wicca</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reclaiming_(Neopaganism)" title="Reclaiming (Neopaganism)">Reclaiming Wicca</a> as key.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Income_and_socioeconomic_factors">Income and socioeconomic factors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Income and socioeconomic factors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>California's income distribution is quite broad compared to the country's as a whole; its proportions of residents with no income and of residents with income over $100,000 are both higher than the national average. This broad distribution combined with high housing and living costs give California an abnormally high poverty rate. The Census Bureau's Supplemental Poverty Measure, calculated by comparing household income to a locally-adjusted poverty threshold, reports that 20.7% of California's population has income insufficient for their basic needs, as compared to 12.9% for the US as a whole.<sup id="cite_ref-USCB-CPS_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USCB-CPS-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This calculation of income includes the <a href="/wiki/Social_programs_in_the_United_States" title="Social programs in the United States">benefits</a> of <a href="/wiki/Welfare_in_California" title="Welfare in California">California welfare programs</a> such as <a href="/wiki/CalFresh" title="CalFresh">food stamps</a> and earned income tax credits — without these, the state's poverty rate would be 28%.<sup id="cite_ref-PPIC-poverty-in_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PPIC-poverty-in-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Distribution_of_US_and_CA_households_by_income_relative_to_CE_poverty_lines.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Distribution_of_US_and_CA_households_by_income_relative_to_CE_poverty_lines.png/400px-Distribution_of_US_and_CA_households_by_income_relative_to_CE_poverty_lines.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Distribution_of_US_and_CA_households_by_income_relative_to_CE_poverty_lines.png/600px-Distribution_of_US_and_CA_households_by_income_relative_to_CE_poverty_lines.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Distribution_of_US_and_CA_households_by_income_relative_to_CE_poverty_lines.png/800px-Distribution_of_US_and_CA_households_by_income_relative_to_CE_poverty_lines.png 2x" data-file-width="1288" data-file-height="1005" /></a><figcaption>A comparison of the distributions of California (left) and US (right) households by their income relative to their estimated cost of living, showing the higher rates of poverty and near-poverty in California. Uses 2017 CPS data<sup id="cite_ref-USCB-CPS_131-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USCB-CPS-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> about incomes in 2016. Comparison is of NAS Family Income minus Medical Out-of-Pocket to CE-Based Poverty Threshold with CPI-U and Geographical Price Adjustments, as per <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.census.gov/cps/data/povthresholds.html">[1]</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The trends of low income in California are complex; from 1975 to 2014, real (inflation-adjusted) incomes have alternated between rises and sharp declines. These incomes have decreased overall for those outside the top 20th percentile, with the bottom 20th percentile seeing an average decline of 1% per year during that period.<sup id="cite_ref-LAO-data-on-real_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAO-data-on-real-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LAO-californias-changing_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAO-californias-changing-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Correspondingly, the percent of Californians with income below their poverty threshold has risen and fallen, but has on average increased by a tenth of a percentage point per year.<sup id="cite_ref-IPUMS_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IPUMS-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Increasing <a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_United_States" title="Income inequality in the United States">income inequality</a> has had many effects on Californians' lives, including on life expectancy, which can be taken as a proxy for health or even general welfare. A study conducted by Clarke et al.<sup id="cite_ref-clarke_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> related life expectancy to socioeconomic status (SES, an index including income and other related factors), finding that Californians in the top 20% by SES live on average six years longer than those in the bottom 20% (81 years, compared to 75). This disparity becomes even more pronounced when <a href="/wiki/Intersectionality" title="Intersectionality">intersected</a> with race: White males in the top 20% live 14 years longer than African American males in the bottom 20% (for females, the difference is 10 years).<sup id="cite_ref-clarke_136-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clarke-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The complexity of the state's low-income trends were visible when, in response to growing Chinese and Spanish-speaking populations, the city of <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a> implemented the nation's first policy of recruiting bilingual applicants for public-facing city jobs in 2001. This increased the employment of Hispanic and Chinese bilinguals throughout the public workforce, but also lowered (monolingual) Black employment.<sup id="cite_ref-sewell_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sewell-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist" style="width:22.0em; border: 4px double #B71234; background:#FFFFFF;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><b><span style="color:#000000;">Part of a series on the</span></b></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background: #FCC200; border: 1px double #FCC200;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_California" title="Culture of California"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;"><small>Culture of </small><br />California</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bear_of_California.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Bear_of_California.svg/100px-Bear_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Bear_of_California.svg/150px-Bear_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Bear_of_California.svg/200px-Bear_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background: #FCC200; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #FCC200;;color: var(--color-base)">Society</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_California" title="History of California">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of California">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_English" title="California English">California English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicano_English" title="Chicano English">Chicano English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language_in_California" title="Spanish language in California">Californian Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_languages_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous languages of California">Indigenous Californian languages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_California#Religion" title="Culture of California">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_California" title="Sports in California">Sports</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Californians" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous Californians">Indigenous Californians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanics_and_Latinos_in_California" title="Hispanics and Latinos in California">Hispanic & Latino Californians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Californios" title="Californios">Californios</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans_in_California" title="Asian Americans in California">Asian Californians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_California" title="African Americans in California">Black Californians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Americans_in_California" title="White Americans in California">White Californians</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background: #FCC200; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #FCC200;;color: var(--color-base)">Arts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_California#Architecture" title="Culture of California">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_oldest_buildings_in_California" title="List of the oldest buildings in California">Oldest buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_the_California_missions" title="Architecture of the California missions">Californian Missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Revival_architecture" title="Mission Revival architecture">Mission Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Colonial_Revival_architecture" title="Spanish Colonial Revival architecture">Spanish Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterey_Colonial_architecture" title="Monterey Colonial architecture">Monterey Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Churrigueresque" class="mw-redirect" title="California Churrigueresque">California Churrigueresque</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_California#Visual_arts" title="Culture of California">Visual Arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_California_artists" title="Early California artists">Early California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Impressionism" title="California Impressionism">California Impressionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Tonalism" title="California Tonalism">California Tonalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Figurative_Movement" title="Bay Area Figurative Movement">Bay Area Figurativism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_pottery" title="California pottery">Pottery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Clay_Movement" title="California Clay Movement">California Clay Movement</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background: #FCC200; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #FCC200;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_California" title="Music of California">Music</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_sound" title="California sound">California sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_sound" title="San Francisco sound">San Francisco sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield_sound" title="Bakersfield sound">Bakersfield sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicano_rock" title="Chicano rock">Chicano rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown-eyed_soul" title="Brown-eyed soul">Chicano soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_music" title="Surf music">Surf music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunshine_pop" title="Sunshine pop">Sunshine pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock_in_California" title="Punk rock in California">California punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">Hardcore punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_metal" title="Nu metal">Nu metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_thrash_metal" title="Bay Area thrash metal">Bay Area thrash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_County_ska" title="Orange County ska">Orange County ska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Desert_Scene" title="Palm Desert Scene">Palm Desert Scene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_Underground" title="Paisley Underground">Paisley Underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_hip_hop" title="West Coast hip hop">West Coast hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_jazz" title="West Coast jazz">West Coast jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_blues" title="West Coast blues">West Coast blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuman_music" title="Yuman music">Yuman music</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background: #FCC200; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #FCC200;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_California" title="Cuisine of California">Cuisine</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_cuisine" title="California cuisine">Californian Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_wine" title="California wine">California wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_burrito" title="Mission burrito">Mission burrito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_roll" title="California roll">California roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California-style_pizza" title="California-style pizza">California-style pizza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cioppino" title="Cioppino">Cioppino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria%E2%80%93style_barbecue" title="Santa Maria–style barbecue">Santa Maria–style barbecue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobb_salad" title="Cobb salad">Cobb salad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carne_asada_fries" title="Carne asada fries">Carne asada fries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_dip" title="French dip">French dip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mochi_ice_cream" title="Mochi ice cream">Mochi ice cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crab_Louie" title="Crab Louie">Crab Louie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiffon_cake" title="Chiffon cake">Chiffon cake</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background: #FCC200; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #FCC200;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_California_state_symbols" title="List of California state symbols">Symbols</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_California" title="Flag of California">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_California" title="Great Seal of California">Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Love_You,_California" title="I Love You, California">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eschscholzia_californica" title="Eschscholzia californica">California Poppy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eureka_(word)#California" title="Eureka (word)">Eureka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_grizzly_bear" title="California grizzly bear">California grizzly bear</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background: #FCC200; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #FCC200;;color: var(--color-base)">Other</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_Heritage_Sites_in_California" title="Category:World Heritage Sites in California">World Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_California" title="Protected areas of California">Protected Areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_California" title="List of museums in California">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_California_Historical_Landmarks" title="List of California Historical Landmarks">California Historical Landmarks</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_California.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_States" title="Demographics of the United States">Demographics of the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-indigenous_languages-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-indigenous_languages_109-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The following are a list of the indigenous languages: Root languages of California: Athabaskan Family: Hupa, Mattole, Lassik, Wailaki, Sinkyone, Cahto, Tolowa, Nongatl, Wiyot, Chilula; Hokan Family: Pomo, Shasta, Karok, Chimiriko; Algonquian Family: Whilkut, Yurok; Yukian Family: Wappo; Penutian Family: Modok, Wintu, Nomlaki, Konkow, Maidu, Patwin, Nisenan, Miwok, Coast Miwok, Lake Miwok, Ohlone, Northern Valley Yokuts, Southern Valley Yokuts, Foothill Yokuts; Hokan Family: Esselen, Salinan, Chumash, Ipai, Tipai, Yuma, Halchichoma, Mohave; Uto-Aztecan Family: Mono Paiute, Monache, Owens Valley Paiute, Tubatulabal, Panamint Shoshone, Kawaisu, Kitanemuk, Tataviam, Gabrielino, Juaneno, Luiseno, Cuipeno, Cahuilla, Serrano, Chemehuevi</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li 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.cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dof.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/352/Forecasting/Demographics/Documents/E-1_2023PressRelease.pdf">"May 2023 Population Estimates Press Release"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Finance" title="California Department of Finance">California Department of Finance</a></i>. 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California State Parks<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 27,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=California+Indians+Root+Languages+and+Tribal+Groups&rft.edition=1994&rft.pub=California+State+Parks&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parks.ca.gov%2F%3Fpage_id%3D23545&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+California" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indigenousfarmworkers.org/final_report_section_v.pdf">"Indigenous Farmworker Study – Indigenous Mexicans in California Agriculture. Section V. Language and Culture"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indigenous+Farmworker+Study+%E2%80%93+Indigenous+Mexicans+in+California+Agriculture.+Section+V.+Language+and+Culture&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findigenousfarmworkers.org%2Ffinal_report_section_v.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+California" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AB_800_Analysis-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AB_800_Analysis_110-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWesson2001" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Herb_Wesson" title="Herb Wesson">Wesson, Herb</a> (July 17, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101123142018/http://info.sen.ca.gov/pub/01-02/bill/asm/ab_0751-0800/ab_800_cfa_20020116_162757_sen_comm.html">"AB 800 Assembly Bill – Bill Analysis"</a>. California State Assembly. p. 3. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.sen.ca.gov/pub/01-02/bill/asm/ab_0751-0800/ab_800_cfa_20020116_162757_sen_comm.html">the original</a> on November 23, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 27,</span> 2009</span>. <q>In 1986, California voters amended the state constitution to provide that the: The  [<i><a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a></i>] Legislature and officials of the State of California shall take all steps necessary to insure that the role of English as the common language of the State of California is preserved and enhanced. 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(2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849870">"Racial and social class gradients in life expectancy in contemporary California"</a>. <i>Social Science & Medicine</i>. <b>70</b> (9): 1373–80. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.socscimed.2010.01.003">10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.01.003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0277-9536">0277-9536</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849870">2849870</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20171001">20171001</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/230483088">230483088</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Science+%26+Medicine&rft.atitle=Racial+and+social+class+gradients+in+life+expectancy+in+contemporary+California&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=1373-80&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2849870%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0277-9536&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20171001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.socscimed.2010.01.003&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Christina+A.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Tim&rft.au=Chang%2C+Ellen+T.&rft.au=Yin%2C+Daixin&rft.au=Cockburn%2C+Myles&rft.au=Gomez%2C+Scarlett+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2849870&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+California" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sewell-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sewell_137-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSewell2017" class="citation journal cs1">Sewell, Abigail A. (2017). "THE (UN)INTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF BILINGUAL EMPLOYMENT POLICIES: Ethnoraciality and Labor Market Segmentation in Alameda County, CA". <i>Du Bois Review; Cambridge</i>. <b>14</b> (1): 117–143. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS1742058X16000345">10.1017/S1742058X16000345</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1742-058X">1742-058X</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:150805693">150805693</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/1951745708">1951745708</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Du+Bois+Review%3B+Cambridge&rft.atitle=THE+%28UN%29INTENDED+CONSEQUENCES+OF+BILINGUAL+EMPLOYMENT+POLICIES%3A+Ethnoraciality+and+Labor+Market+Segmentation+in+Alameda+County%2C+CA&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=117-143&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A150805693%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1742-058X&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS1742058X16000345&rft.aulast=Sewell&rft.aufirst=Abigail+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+California" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_California&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_California" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#FCC200;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:California" title="Template:California"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:California" title="Template talk:California"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:California" title="Special:EditPage/Template:California"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_California" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#FCC200;"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a></b> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_California" title="Outline of California">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_California" title="Culture of California">Culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_California" title="Cuisine of California">food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_California" title="Music of California">music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of California">languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_sound" title="California sound">California sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_California" title="Sports in California">sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Dream" title="California Dream">California Dream</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_California" title="Crime in California">Crime</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_California" title="List of earthquakes in California">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_California" title="Economy of California">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_California" title="Agriculture in California">agriculture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_California" title="Education in California">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_California" title="Environment of California">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_California" title="Geography of California">Geography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_California" title="Climate of California">climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecology_of_California" title="Ecology of California">ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Floristic_Province" title="California Floristic Province">flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_California" title="Fauna of California">fauna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_California" title="Government of California">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_State_Capitol" title="California State Capitol">Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_in_California" title="Districts in California">districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_California" title="Governor of California">governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_Legislature" title="California State Legislature">legislature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_California" title="Supreme Court of California">Supreme Court</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_California" title="Healthcare in California">Healthcare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_California" title="Abortion in California">Abortion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_California" title="History of California">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_California" title="Law of California">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_California" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in California">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_California" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in California">National Historic Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Natural_Landmarks_in_California" title="List of National Natural Landmarks in California">National Natural Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_California" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in California">NRHP listings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_California" title="Politics of California">Politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_California" title="United States congressional delegations from California">congressional delegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_California" title="Elections in California">elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_California" title="List of people from California">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_protected_areas" class="mw-redirect" title="California protected areas">Protected areas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_California_state_parks" title="List of California state parks">state parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_California_Historical_Landmarks" title="List of California Historical Landmarks">state historic landmarks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_California_state_symbols" title="List of California state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_California" title="Transportation in California">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_in_California" title="Water in California">Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_California-related_articles" title="Index of California-related articles">Index of articles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_California" title="List of regions of California">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antelope_Valley" title="Antelope Valley">Antelope Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur" title="Big Sur">Big Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Coast_Ranges" title="California Coast Ranges">California Coast Ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascade_Range" title="Cascade Range">Cascade Range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_California" title="Central California">Central California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Coast_(California)" title="Central Coast (California)">Central Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Valley_(California)" title="Central Valley (California)">Central Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands_(California)" title="Channel Islands (California)">Channel Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coachella_Valley" title="Coachella Valley">Coachella Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_California" title="Coastal California">Coastal California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conejo_Valley" title="Conejo Valley">Conejo Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cucamonga_Valley" title="Cucamonga Valley">Cucamonga Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_Valley" title="Death Valley">Death Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">East Bay (SF Bay Area)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_County,_San_Diego" title="East County, San Diego">East County (SD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_California" title="Eastern California">Eastern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerald_Triangle" title="Emerald Triangle">Emerald Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Country" title="Gold Country">Gold Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Basin" title="Great Basin">Great Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_Valley" title="San Bernardino Valley">Greater San Bernardino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire" title="Inland Empire">Inland Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klamath_Basin" title="Klamath Basin">Klamath Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Tahoe" title="Lake Tahoe">Lake Tahoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Los Angeles Area">Greater Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Basin" title="Los Angeles Basin">Los Angeles Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_Coast" title="Lost Coast">Lost Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Empire,_San_Diego" title="Mountain Empire, San Diego">Mountain Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" title="North Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">North Bay (SF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Coast_(California)" title="North Coast (California)">North Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_County_(San_Diego_area)" title="North County (San Diego area)">North County (SD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_California" title="Northern California">Northern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Coast" title="Orange Coast">Orange Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owens_Valley" title="Owens Valley">Owens Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxnard_Plain" title="Oxnard Plain">Oxnard Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_Ranges" title="Peninsular Ranges">Peninsular Ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomona_Valley" title="Pomona Valley">Pomona Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento%E2%80%93San_Joaquin_River_Delta" title="Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta">Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_Valley" title="Sacramento Valley">Sacramento Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddleback_Valley" title="Saddleback Valley">Saddleback Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salinas_Valley" title="Salinas Valley">Salinas Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Fernando_Valley" title="San Fernando Valley">San Fernando Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="San Francisco Peninsula">San Francisco Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Gabriel_Valley" title="San Gabriel Valley">San Gabriel Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Valley" title="San Joaquin Valley">San Joaquin Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Valley" title="Santa Clara Valley">Santa Clara Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_River_Valley" title="Santa Clara River Valley">Santa Clara River Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clarita_Valley" title="Santa Clarita Valley">Santa Clarita Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ynez_Valley" title="Santa Ynez Valley">Santa Ynez Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_Cascade" title="Shasta Cascade">Shasta Cascade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada" title="Sierra Nevada">Sierra Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bay_(Los_Angeles_County)" title="South Bay (Los Angeles County)">South Bay (LA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bay,_San_Diego" class="mw-redirect" title="South Bay, San Diego">South Bay (SD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Valley#San_Francisco_South_Bay" title="Santa Clara Valley">South Bay (SF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Coast_(California)" title="South Coast (California)">South Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Border_Region_(California)" title="Southern Border Region (California)">Southern Border Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_California" title="Southern California">Southern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_Ranges" title="Transverse Ranges">Transverse Ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tri-Valley" title="Tri-Valley">Tri-Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Valley" title="Victor Valley">Victor Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_Country_(California)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine Country (California)">Wine Country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">Metro regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Fresno" title="Metropolitan Fresno">Fresno–Madera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles" title="Greater Los Angeles">Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_metropolitan_area" title="Sacramento metropolitan area">Sacramento–Roseville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire" title="Inland Empire">Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego%E2%80%93Tijuana" title="San Diego–Tijuana">San Diego–Tijuana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose%E2%80%93San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland,_CA_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area">San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_California" title="List of counties in California">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County,_California" title="Alameda County, California">Alameda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_County,_California" title="Alpine County, California">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amador_County,_California" title="Amador County, California">Amador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butte_County,_California" title="Butte County, California">Butte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calaveras_County,_California" title="Calaveras County, California">Calaveras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colusa_County,_California" title="Colusa County, California">Colusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contra_Costa_County,_California" title="Contra Costa County, California">Contra Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Norte_County,_California" title="Del Norte County, California">Del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Dorado_County,_California" title="El Dorado County, California">El Dorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno_County,_California" title="Fresno County, California">Fresno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_County,_California" title="Glenn County, California">Glenn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt_County,_California" title="Humboldt County, California">Humboldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_County,_California" title="Imperial County, California">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inyo_County,_California" title="Inyo County, California">Inyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kern_County,_California" title="Kern County, California">Kern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_County,_California" title="Kings County, California">Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_County,_California" title="Lake County, California">Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lassen_County,_California" title="Lassen County, California">Lassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County,_California" title="Los Angeles County, California">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madera_County,_California" title="Madera County, California">Madera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marin_County,_California" title="Marin County, California">Marin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariposa_County,_California" title="Mariposa County, California">Mariposa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendocino_County,_California" title="Mendocino County, California">Mendocino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merced_County,_California" title="Merced County, California">Merced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modoc_County,_California" title="Modoc County, California">Modoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_County,_California" title="Mono County, California">Mono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterey_County,_California" title="Monterey County, California">Monterey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napa_County,_California" title="Napa County, California">Napa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_County,_California" title="Nevada County, California">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_California" title="Orange County, California">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placer_County,_California" title="Placer County, California">Placer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plumas_County,_California" title="Plumas County, California">Plumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_County,_California" title="Riverside County, California">Riverside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_County,_California" title="Sacramento County, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Benito_County,_California" title="San Benito County, California">San Benito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_County,_California" title="San Bernardino County, California">San Bernardino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_County,_California" title="San Diego County, California">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_County,_California" title="San Joaquin County, California">San Joaquin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Obispo_County,_California" title="San Luis Obispo County, California">San Luis Obispo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara_County,_California" title="Santa Barbara County, California">Santa Barbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_County,_California" title="Santa Clara County, California">Santa Clara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_County,_California" title="Santa Cruz County, California">Santa Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_County,_California" title="Shasta County, California">Shasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_County,_California" title="Sierra County, California">Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siskiyou_County,_California" title="Siskiyou County, California">Siskiyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solano_County,_California" title="Solano County, California">Solano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonoma_County,_California" title="Sonoma County, California">Sonoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanislaus_County,_California" title="Stanislaus County, California">Stanislaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutter_County,_California" title="Sutter County, California">Sutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehama_County,_California" title="Tehama County, California">Tehama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_County,_California" title="Trinity County, California">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulare_County,_California" title="Tulare County, California">Tulare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuolumne_County,_California" title="Tuolumne County, California">Tuolumne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventura_County,_California" title="Ventura County, California">Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yolo_County,_California" title="Yolo County, California">Yolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuba_County,_California" title="Yuba County, California">Yuba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_California" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns in California">Most populous<br />cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaheim,_California" title="Anaheim, California">Anaheim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#FCC200;"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/16px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/24px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/32px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:California" title="Portal:California">California portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_California" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_California" title="Template:Ethnic groups in California"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_California" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in California"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_California" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in California"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_California" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"> Ethnic groups in California</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_California" title="African Americans in California">Africans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans_in_California" title="Asian Americans in California">Asians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanics_and_Latinos_in_California" title="Hispanics and Latinos in California">Hispanics and Latinos</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mexicans_in_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexicans in California">Mexicans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_Americans_in_California" title="Basque Americans in California">Basques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Californios" title="Californios">Californios</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Pacific_Islander_Americans">Pacific Islanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Americans_in_California" title="White Americans in California">White Americans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_California" title="Indigenous peoples of California">Indigenous peoples</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Indigenous_peoples_of_California" title="Template:Indigenous peoples of California">List</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Indians" title="Mission Indians">Mission Indians</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">San Francisco</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_San_Francisco" title="African Americans in San Francisco">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Armenians in the San Francisco Bay Area">Armenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Americans_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Chinese Americans in San Francisco">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Japanese_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Japanese in San Francisco">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_San_Francisco" title="History of the Jews in San Francisco">Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans_in_San_Francisco" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans in San Francisco">Hispanics and Latinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian-Americans_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian-Americans in the San Francisco Bay Area">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_San_Francisco#White_Americans" title="Demographics of San Francisco">White Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Americans#San_Francisco" title="Italian Americans">Italians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Filipino_Americans#San_Francisco" title="Demographics of Filipino Americans">Filipinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belden_Place" title="Belden Place">French</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Los_Angeles" title="Ethnic groups in Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Los_Angeles" title="History of African Americans in Los Angeles">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Americans_in_Los_Angeles" title="Taiwanese Americans in Los Angeles">Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Armenian_Americans_in_Los_Angeles" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Armenian Americans in Los Angeles">Armenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Bangladesh,_Los_Angeles" title="Little Bangladesh, Los Angeles">Bangladeshis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Central_Americans_in_Los_Angeles" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Central Americans in Los Angeles">Central Americans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_diaspora_in_Los_Angeles" title="Salvadoran diaspora in Los Angeles">Salvadorans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Chinese_Americans_in_Los_Angeles" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Chinese Americans in Los Angeles">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Americans_in_Los_Angeles" title="Taiwanese Americans in Los Angeles">Taiwanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Ethiopia,_Los_Angeles" title="Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles">Ethiopians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Filipinotown,_Los_Angeles" title="Historic Filipinotown, Los Angeles">Filipinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Americans_in_Greater_Los_Angeles" title="Indian Americans in Greater Los Angeles">Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Iranian_Americans_in_Los_Angeles" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Iranian Americans in Los Angeles">Iranians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Israelis_in_Los_Angeles" title="History of Israelis in Los Angeles">Israelis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Americans#Los_Angeles" title="Italian Americans">Italians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Japanese_in_Los_Angeles" title="History of the Japanese in Los Angeles">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Los_Angeles" title="History of the Jews in Los Angeles">Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Korean_Americans_in_Los_Angeles" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Korean Americans in Los Angeles">Koreans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Mexican_Americans_in_Los_Angeles" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Mexican Americans in Los Angeles">Mexicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Palestinians_in_Los_Angeles" title="History of Palestinians in Los Angeles">Palestinians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_Town,_Los_Angeles" title="Thai Town, Los Angeles">Thais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Americans_in_Los_Angeles" title="Ukrainian Americans in Los Angeles">Ukrainians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Demographics_of_the_United_States_by_state,_territory,_and_metropolitan_area/city" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Demographics_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="Template:Demographics of the United States by state"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Demographics_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="Template talk:Demographics of the United States by state"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Demographics_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Demographics of the United States by state"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Demographics_of_the_United_States_by_state,_territory,_and_metropolitan_area/city" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Demography_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Demography of the United States">Demographics of the United States</a> by state, territory, and metropolitan area/city</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">by <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Alabama" title="Demographics of Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Alaska" title="Demographics of Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Arizona" title="Demographics of Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Arkansas" title="Demographics of Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Connecticut" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Delaware" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Florida" title="Demographics of Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Demographics of Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Idaho" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Indiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Iowa" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kentucky" title="Demographics of Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Louisiana" title="Demographics of Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Maine" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Massachusetts" title="Demographics of Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Michigan" title="Demographics of Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Minnesota" title="Demographics of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Mississippi" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Montana" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Nebraska" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_Hampshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_York_(state)" title="Demographics of New York (state)">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_North_Carolina" title="Demographics of North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_North_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Oklahoma" title="Demographics of Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Oregon" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_South_Carolina" title="Demographics of South Carolina"> South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_South_Dakota" title="Demographics of South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Tennessee" title="Demographics of Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Texas" title="Demographics of Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Utah" title="Demographics of Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Vermont" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Virginia" title="Demographics of Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Washington_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Wyoming" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">by <a href="/wiki/Federal_district" title="Federal district">federal district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Washington,_D.C." title="Demographics of Washington, D.C.">District of Columbia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">by <a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">territory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_American_Samoa" title="Demographics of American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Guam" title="Demographics of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Demographics of the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Demographics of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="Demographics of the United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">by <a href="/wiki/Category:Demographics_in_the_United_States_by_populated_place" title="Category:Demographics in the United States by populated place">metropolitan<br />area/city</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Atlanta" title="Demographics of Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Boston">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Chicago" title="Demographics of Chicago">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Cincinnati" title="Demographics of Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Cleveland" title="Demographics of Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth" title="Demographics of Dallas–Fort Worth">Dallas-Fort Worth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Dallas" title="Demographics of Dallas">Dallas city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Denver" title="Demographics of Denver">Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Metro_Detroit" title="Demographics of Metro Detroit">Metro Detroit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Detroit" title="Demographic history of Detroit">Detroit city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Erie,_Pennsylvania" title="Demographics of Erie, Pennsylvania">Erie, PA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Holyoke,_Massachusetts" title="Demographics of Holyoke, Massachusetts">Holyoke, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Houston" title="Demographics of Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Los_Angeles" title="Demographics of Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Miami" title="Demographics of Miami">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Minneapolis" title="Demographics of Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_York_City" title="Demographics of New York City">New York City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Bronx" title="Demographics of the Bronx">The Bronx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Brooklyn" title="Demographics of Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Manhattan" title="Demographics of Manhattan">Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Queens" title="Demographics of Queens">Queens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Staten_Island" title="Demographics of Staten Island">Staten Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Philadelphia" title="Demographics of Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Portland,_Oregon" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Portland, Oregon">Portland, OR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Demographics of Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, MN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_San_Francisco" title="Demographics of San Francisco">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Seattle" title="Demographics of Seattle">Seattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Demographics of Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa, OK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Utica,_New_York" title="Demographics of Utica, New York">Utica, NY</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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