A New Strategy for Animal Research: Attending to Dissent

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'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"> </select> <div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="bibliography-action-panel" class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel" aria-hidden="true" data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false" 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class="action-panel-heading"> Your saved search </h2> <form id="saved-search-action-panel-form" class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/" data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/" data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="fn6ZqBD0YM9WL0XUxEcbF8hc9eYT6vyP738HBOaAYFHIN1MLqZRHmzhuFSsMvbtj"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of saved search: </label> <input maxlength="200" type="text" name="saved-search-name" id="saved-search-name" class="saved-search-name" value="" required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Search terms: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea> </div> <div class="test-search-term-wrap"> <a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a> </div> <div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label"> Would you like email updates of new search results? </span> <fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label"> <legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend> <ul class="radio-group-items"> <li> <input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked> <label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label> </li> <li> <input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no"> <label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label> </li> </ul> </fieldset> </div> <div class="alert-schedule-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label class="action-panel-label"> Email: </label> <span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label"> Frequency: </label> <select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency"> <option value="monthly">Monthly</option> <option value="weekly">Weekly</option> <option value="daily">Daily</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select 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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Animals+%28Basel%29%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D" data-ga-category="search_catalog" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Animals (Basel)"> Search in NLM Catalog </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term='"Animals (Basel)"[jour]' data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label='"Animals (Basel)"[jour]' href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2023 Apr 27;13(9):1491.</span> </div> <span class="citation-doi"> doi: 10.3390/ani13091491. </span> </div> <h1 class="heading-title"> A New Strategy for Animal Research: Attending to Dissent </h1> <div class="inline-authors"> <div class="authors"> <div class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Johnson+J&cauthor_id=37174528" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Jane Johnson">Jane Johnson</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Macquarie University Research Centre for Agency, Values and Ethics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="short-article-details"> Affiliations <button class="more-details" id="toggle-authors" data-alt-text="Collapse" aria-controls="expanded-authors" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore data-fetch-url="/37174528/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title"> Expand </span> </button> </div> <div class="extended-article-details" id="expanded-authors" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="expanded-authors" id="full-view-expanded-authors"> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-1" id="full-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-2" id="full-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> Macquarie University Research Centre for Agency, Values and Ethics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="full-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">37174528</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC10177192&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10177192/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC10177192 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.3390/ani13091491&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13091491" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.3390/ani13091491 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> <div class="short-view" id="short-view-heading"> <h1 class="heading-title"> A New Strategy for Animal Research: Attending to Dissent </h1> <div class="short-citation"> <span class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item only-author"><span class="full-name">Jane Johnson</span><span class="citation-separator">.</span></span> </span> <span class="citation-journal"> Animals (Basel)<span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> <span class="date"> <time class="citation-year" datetime="2023">2023</time><span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> </div> <div class="more-article-details-section with-display-settings"> <button class="more-article-details" id="toggle-article-details" data-alt-text="Hide details" ref="linksrc=toggle_article_details" aria-controls="full-article-details" aria-expanded="false" data-fetch-url="/37174528/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title">Show details</span> </button> <div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"> <button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"> <span class="button-label">Display options</span> </button> <div class="dropdown" hidden> <div class="title"> Display options </div> <div class="content"> <div 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aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal Animals : an open access journal from MDPI"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Animals+%28Basel%29%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Animals+%28Basel%29%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_journal_name_link&journal_abbrev=Animals (Basel)" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Animals (Basel)"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-nlm-catalog-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=search_in_nlm_catalog_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Animals+%28Basel%29%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D" data-ga-category="search_catalog" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Animals (Basel)"> Search in NLM Catalog </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=add_to_search_link" 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class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Macquarie University Research Centre for Agency, Values and Ethics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-1" id="short-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-2" id="short-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> Macquarie University Research Centre for Agency, Values and Ethics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="short-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">37174528</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC10177192&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10177192/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC10177192 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.3390/ani13091491&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13091491" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.3390/ani13091491 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="actions-buttons inline"><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with full text links" ref="linksrc=full_text_links"> Full 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class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="inline-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="abstract" id="abstract"> <h2 class="title"> Abstract </h2> <div class="abstract-content selected" id="eng-abstract"> <p> Increasingly, ethical concepts ordinarily reserved for the human research setting have been applied to nonhuman animals in research. This comes at the same time as concerns mount over challenges in translating the results of biomedical research with animals to human clinical benefit. This paper argues that applying the concept of dissent derived from research with humans to the context of animals can help to address a number of these translational issues, thereby providing an epistemological reason to take animal dissent seriously. This epistemological rationale can be added to the practical and ethical reasons for attending to animal dissent. Having made a case for recognizing the dissent of animals in biomedical research, the consequences that follow from this for the conduct of research are discussed. If animal researchers attend to dissent, then it seems that there are three types of strategy available: to override dissent, to train animals in such a way as to circumvent potential dissent, or to alter how research is conducted in order to be responsive to dissent. Only this last option has the potential to address all the types of reasons that motivate us to take dissent seriously; however, this would involve a significant reshaping of the practice of animal research. </p> </div> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Keywords: </strong> animal ethics; animal research; animal research ethics; dissent. </p> </div> <p class="disclaimer" id="disclaimer"> <a href="/disclaimer/" target="_blank" ga_category="literature_resources" ga_action="disclaimer_link" ga_label="under_abstract">PubMed Disclaimer</a> </p> <div class="conflict-of-interest" id="conflict-of-interest"> <h2 class="title"> Conflict of interest statement </h2> <div class="statement"> <p xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:p1="http://pubmed.gov/pub-one">The author declares no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish.</p> </div> </div> <div class="similar-articles" id="similar"> <h2 class="title"> Similar articles </h2> <ul class="articles-list" id="similar-articles-list"> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/32614447/" ref="article_id=32614447&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="32614447" data-ga-label=""> Holding Animal-Based Research to Our Highest Ethical Standards: Re-seeing Two Emergent Laboratory Practices and the Ethical Significance of Research Animal Dissent. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Fenton A.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Fenton A.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">ILAR J. 2021 Sep 24;60(3):397-403. doi: 10.1093/ilar/ilaa014.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">ILAR J. 2021.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">32614447</span></span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/26364780/" ref="article_id=26364780&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="26364780" data-ga-label=""> Is there a role for assent or dissent in animal research? </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Kantin H, Wendler D.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Kantin H, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 2015 Oct;24(4):459-72. doi: 10.1017/S0963180115000110.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 2015.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">26364780</span></span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/32293411/" ref="article_id=32293411&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=3" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="32293411" data-ga-label=""> Ethical arguments concerning human-animal chimera research: a systematic review. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Kwisda K, White L, Hübner D.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Kwisda K, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">BMC Med Ethics. 2020 Mar 23;21(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s12910-020-00465-7.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">BMC Med Ethics. 2020.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">32293411</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/29787190/" ref="article_id=29787190&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=4" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="29787190" data-ga-label=""> Culture of Care: Organizational Responsibilities. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Brown MJ, Symonowicz C, Medina LV, Bratcher NA, Buckmaster CA, Klein H, Anderson LC.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Brown MJ, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">In: Weichbrod RH, Thompson GA, Norton JN, editors. 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A New Strategy for Animal Research: Attending to Dissent - PubMed