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bean</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: mung bean"> <meta name="keywords" content="mung bean"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="mung bean"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 163</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: mung bean</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">163</span> The Effects of Drying Technology on Rehydration Time and Quality of Mung Bean Vermicelli</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20P.%20Tien">N. P. Tien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Songsermpong"> S. Songsermpong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20H.%20Quan"> T. H. Quan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mung bean vermicelli is a popular food in Asian countries and is made from mung bean starch. The preparation process involves several steps, including drying, which affects the structure and quality of the vermicelli. This study aims to examine the effects of different drying technologies on the rehydration time and quality of mung bean vermicelli. Three drying technologies, namely hot air drying, microwave continuous drying, and microwave vacuum drying, were used for the drying process. The vermicelli strands were dried at 45°C for 12h in a hot air dryer, at 70 Hz of conveyor belt speed inverter in a microwave continuous dryer, and at 30 W.g⁻¹ of microwave power density in a microwave vacuum dryer. The results showed that mung bean vermicelli dried using hot air drying had the longest rehydration time of 12.69 minutes. On the other hand, vermicelli dried through microwave continuous drying and microwave vacuum drying had shorter rehydration times of 2.79 minutes and 2.14 minutes, respectively. Microwave vacuum drying also resulted in larger porosity, higher water absorption, and cooking loss. The tensile strength and elasticity of vermicelli dried using hot air drying were higher compared to microwave drying technologies. The sensory evaluation did not reveal significant differences in most attributes among the vermicelli treatments. Overall, microwave drying technology proved to be effective in reducing rehydration time and producing good-quality mung bean vermicelli. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mung%20bean%20vermicelli" title="mung bean vermicelli">mung bean vermicelli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drying" title=" drying"> drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20air" title=" hot air"> hot air</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20continuous" title=" microwave continuous"> microwave continuous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20vacuum" title=" microwave vacuum"> microwave vacuum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170532/the-effects-of-drying-technology-on-rehydration-time-and-quality-of-mung-bean-vermicelli" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170532.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">162</span> Impact of Heat Moisture Treatment on the Yield of Resistant Starch and Evaluation of Functional Properties of Modified Mung Bean (Vigna radiate) Starch</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sreejani%20Barua">Sreejani Barua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20P.%20Srivastav"> P. P. Srivastav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Formulation of new functional food products for diabetes patients and obsessed people is a challenge for food industries till date. Starch is a certainly happening, ecological, reasonable and profusely obtainable polysaccharide in plant material. In the present scenario, there is a great interest in modifying starch functional properties without destroying its granular structure using different modification techniques. Resistant starch (RS) contains almost zero calories and can control blood glucose level to prevent diabetes. The current study focused on modification of mung bean starch which is a good source of legumes carbohydrate for the production of functional food. Heat moisture treatment (HMT) of mung starch was conducted at moisture content of 10-30%, temperature of 80-120 °C and time of 8-24 h.The content of resistant starch after modification was significantly increased from native starches containing RS 7.6%. The design combinations of HMT had been completed through Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). The effects of HMT process variables on the yield of resistant starch was studied through Rapid Surface Methodology (RSM). The highest increase of resistant starch was found up to 34.39% when treated the native starch with 30% m.c at 120 °C temperature for 24 h.The functional properties of both native and modified mung bean starches showed that there was a reduction in the swelling power and swelling volume of HMT starches. However, the solubility of the HMT starches was higher than that of untreated native starch and also observed change in structural (scanning electron microscopy), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, blue value and thermal (differential scanning calorimetry) properties. Therefore, replacing native mung bean starch with heat-moisture treated mung bean starch leads to the development of new products with higher resistant starch levels and functional properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mung%20bean%20starch" title="Mung bean starch">Mung bean starch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20moisture%20treatment" title=" heat moisture treatment"> heat moisture treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20properties" title=" functional properties"> functional properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistant%20starch" title=" resistant starch"> resistant starch</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70938/impact-of-heat-moisture-treatment-on-the-yield-of-resistant-starch-and-evaluation-of-functional-properties-of-modified-mung-bean-vigna-radiate-starch" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70938.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">161</span> Determining Water Use Efficiency of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) under Arid Climatic Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awais%20Ahmad">Awais Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostafa%20Muhammad%20Selim"> Mostafa Muhammad Selim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Abdullah%20Alderfasi"> Ali Abdullah Alderfasi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water limitation is undoubtedly a critical environmental constraint limiting the crop production under arid and semiarid areas. Mung bean is susceptible to both drought and water logging stresses. Therefore, present study was conducted to assess the water deficit stress consequences of yield components and water use efficiency in Mung bean. A field experiment was conducted at Educational Farm, Crop Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Kind Saud University, Saudi Arabia. Trail comprised of four irrigation levels — total amount of irrigation divided into irrigation intervals — (3, 5, 7 and 9 days interval) and three Mung bean genotypes; Kawmay-1, VC-2010 and King from Egypt, Thailand and China respectively. Experiment was arranged under split plot design having irrigation as main while genotype as subplot treatment, and replicated thrice. Plant height, 100 seed weight, biological yield, seed yield, harvest index and water use efficiency were recorded at harvesting. Results revealed that decrease in irrigation have significantly hampered all the studied parameters. Mung bean genotypes have also shown significant differences for all parameters, whereas irrigation genotype interaction was highly significant for seed yield, harvest index and water use efficiency (WUE) while it was significant for biological yield. Plant height and 100 seed weight were recorded non-significant for irrigation genotype interaction. A statistically highly significant correlation among recorded parameters was observed. Minimum irrigation interval (3 days) significantly produced maximum values while VC-2010 comparatively performed better under low irrigation levels. It was concluded that Mung bean may be successfully adopted under Saudi Arabian climate but it needs high water or frequent irrigation, however, genotypic differences are a hope to develop some improved varieties with high water use efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mung%20bean" title="mung bean">mung bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation%20intervals" title=" irrigation intervals"> irrigation intervals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20use%20efficiency" title=" water use efficiency"> water use efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genotypes" title=" genotypes"> genotypes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5159/determining-water-use-efficiency-of-mung-bean-vigna-radiata-l-under-arid-climatic-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5159.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">160</span> Determination of Phytostearol in Serial Grains</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumonthip%20Kongtun%20Janphuk">Sumonthip Kongtun Janphuk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ten cereal grains that usually used as ingredients in healthy products were studied for phytosteryl glucoside contents. β-sitosteryl glucoside in 10 cereal grains, including Phasecolus vulgaris L. (kidney bean), Sorghum bicolor (sorghum), Moringa oleifera Lam. (drumstick), Nelumbo nucifera (lotus), Vigna radiate L. (mung bean), Coix lacrymajobi (job’tears), Oryza sativa. (red rice), Glycine max L. Merrill. (soybean),Cucurbita maschata Decne (pumpkin) and Helianthas annuus (sunflower seeds), were analyzed using Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and High-Performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). All grains were extracted with methanol before analysis. Red bean showed the maximum phytosteryl glucoside content of 0.42% w/w. The content of others were as follows: pumpkin seed 0.173%, mung bean 0.099 %, soybean 0.07%, dried moringa seed 0.067%, lotus seed 0.044%, sorghum 0.032%, sunflower seed 0.016%, Job's tears 0.012%, and brown rice 0.006%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cereal%20grains" title="cereal grains">cereal grains</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytosterol" title=" phytosterol"> phytosterol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B2-sitosteryl%20glucoside" title=" β-sitosteryl glucoside"> β-sitosteryl glucoside</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20analysis." title=" food analysis. "> food analysis. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27430/determination-of-phytostearol-in-serial-grains" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27430.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">159</span> Classification of Germinatable Mung Bean by Near Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaewkarn%20Phuangsombat">Kaewkarn Phuangsombat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arthit%20Phuangsombat"> Arthit Phuangsombat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anupun%20Terdwongworakul"> Anupun Terdwongworakul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hard seeds will not grow and can cause mold in sprouting process. Thus, the hard seeds need to be separated from the normal seeds. Near infrared hyperspectral imaging in a range of 900 to 1700 nm was implemented to develop a model by partial least squares discriminant analysis to discriminate the hard seeds from the normal seeds. The orientation of the seeds was also studied to compare the performance of the models. The model based on hilum-up orientation achieved the best result giving the coefficient of determination of 0.98, and root mean square error of prediction of 0.07 with classification accuracy was equal to 100%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mung%20bean" title="mung bean">mung bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near%20infrared" title=" near infrared"> near infrared</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germinatability" title=" germinatability"> germinatability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hard%20seed" title=" hard seed"> hard seed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66730/classification-of-germinatable-mung-bean-by-near-infrared-hyperspectral-imaging" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66730.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">158</span> Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Pulses Production in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khuram%20Nawaz%20Sadozai">Khuram Nawaz Sadozai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rizwan%20Ahmad"> Rizwan Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munawar%20Raza%20Kazmi"> Munawar Raza Kazmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awais%20Habib"> Awais Habib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change and crop production are intrinsically associated with each other. Therefore, this research study is designed to assess the impact of climate change on pulses production in Southern districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Province of Pakistan. Two pulses (i.e. chickpea and mung bean) were selected for this research study with respect to climate change. Climatic variables such as temperature, humidity and precipitation along with pulses production and area under cultivation of pulses were encompassed as the major variables of this study. Secondary data of climatic variables and crop variables for the period of thirty four years (1986-2020) were obtained from Pakistan Metrological Department and Agriculture Statistics of KP respectively. Panel data set of chickpea and mung bean crops was estimated separately. The analysis validate that both data sets were a balanced panel data. The Hausman specification test was run separately for both the panel data sets whose findings had suggested the fixed effect model can be deemed as an appropriate model for chickpea panel data, however random effect model was appropriate for estimation of the panel data of mung bean. Major findings confirm that maximum temperature is statistically significant for the chickpea yield. This implies if maximum temperature increases by 1 0C, it can enhance the chickpea yield by 0.0463 units. However, the impact of precipitation was reported insignificant. Furthermore, the humidity was statistically significant and has a positive association with chickpea yield. In case of mung bean the minimum temperature was significantly contributing in the yield of mung bean. This study concludes that temperature and humidity can significantly contribute to enhance the pulses yield. It is recommended that capacity building of pulses growers may be made to adapt the climate change strategies. Moreover, government may ensure the availability of climate change resistant varieties of pulses to encourage the pulses cultivation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulses%20productivity" title=" pulses productivity"> pulses productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title=" agriculture"> agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185198/assessing-the-impact-of-climate-change-on-pulses-production-in-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185198.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">44</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">157</span> Evaluation of Rhizobia for Nodulation, Shoot and Root Biomass from Host Range Studies Using Soybean, Common Bean, Bambara Groundnut and Mung Bean</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharon%20K.%20Mahlangu">Sharon K. Mahlangu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Mohammed"> Mustapha Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felix%20D.%20Dakora"> Felix D. Dakora</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rural households in Africa depend largely on legumes as a source of high-protein food due to N₂-fixation by rhizobia when they infect plant roots. However, the legume/rhizobia symbiosis can exhibit some level of specificity such that some legumes may be selectively nodulated by only a particular group of rhizobia. In contrast, some legumes are highly promiscuous and are nodulated by a wide range of rhizobia. Little is known about the nodulation promiscuity of bacterial symbionts from wild legumes such as Aspalathus linearis, especially if they can nodulate cultivated grain legumes such as cowpea and Kersting’s groundnut. Determining the host range of the symbionts of wild legumes can potentially reveal novel rhizobial strains that can be used to increase nitrogen fixation in cultivated legumes. In this study, bacteria were isolated and tested for their ability to induce root nodules on their homologous hosts. Seeds were surface-sterilized with alcohol and sodium hypochlorite and planted in sterile sand contained in plastic pots. The pot surface was covered with sterile non-absorbent cotton wool to avoid contamination. The plants were watered with nitrogen-free nutrient solution and sterile water in alternation. Three replicate pots were used per isolate. The plants were grown for 90 days in a naturally-lit glasshouse and assessed for nodulation (nodule number and nodule biomass) and shoot biomass. Seven isolates from each of Kersting’s groundnut and cowpea and two from Rooibos tea plants were tested for their ability to nodulate soybean, mung bean, common bean and Bambara groundnut. The results showed that of the isolates from cowpea, where VUSA55 and VUSA42 could nodulate all test host plants, followed by VUSA48 which nodulated cowpea, Bambara groundnut and soybean. The two isolates from Rooibos tea plants nodulated Bambara groundnut, soybean and common bean. However, isolate L1R3.3.1 also nodulated mung bean. There was a greater accumulation of shoot biomass when cowpea isolate VUSA55 nodulated common bean. Isolate VUSA55 produced the highest shoot biomass, followed by VUSA42 and VUSA48. The two Kersting’s groundnut isolates, MGSA131 and MGSA110, accumulated average shoot biomass. In contrast, the two Rooibos tea isolates induced a higher accumulation of biomass in Bambara groundnut, followed by common bean. The results suggest that inoculating these agriculturally important grain legumes with cowpea isolates can contribute to improved soil fertility, especially soil nitrogen levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legumes" title="legumes">legumes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen%20fixation" title=" nitrogen fixation"> nitrogen fixation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nodulation" title=" nodulation"> nodulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhizobia" title=" rhizobia"> rhizobia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140582/evaluation-of-rhizobia-for-nodulation-shoot-and-root-biomass-from-host-range-studies-using-soybean-common-bean-bambara-groundnut-and-mung-bean" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140582.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">156</span> Chemical and Sensorial Evaluation of a Newly Developed Bean Jam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raquel%20P.%20F.%20Guin%C3%A9">Raquel P. F. Guiné</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20R.%20B.%20Figueiredo"> Ana R. B. Figueiredo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20M.%20R.%20Correia"> Paula M. R. Correia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fernando%20J.%20Gon%C3%A7alves"> Fernando J. Gonçalves</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of the present work was to develop an innovative food product with nutritional properties as well as appealing organoleptic qualities. The product, a jam, was prepared with the beans’ cooking water combined with fresh apple or carrot, without the addition of any conservatives. Three different jams were produced: bean and carrot, bean and apple and bean, apple and cinnamon. The developed products underwent a sensorial analysis that revealed that the bean, apple and cinnamon jam was globally better accepted. However, with this study, the consumers determined that the bean and carrot jam had the most attractive color and the bean and apple jam the better consistency. Additionally, it was possible to analyze the jams for their chemical components, namely fat, fiber, protein, sugars and antioxidant activity. The obtained results showed that the bean and carrot jam had the highest lipid content, while the bean, apple and cinnamon jam had the highest fiber content, when compared to the other two jams. Regarding the sugar content, both jams with apple revealed similar sugar values, which were higher than the sugar content of the bean and carrot jam. The antioxidant activity was on average 10 mg TE/g. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bean%20jam" title="Bean jam">Bean jam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20composition" title=" chemical composition"> chemical composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensorial%20analysis" title=" sensorial analysis"> sensorial analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=product%20acceptability" title=" product acceptability"> product acceptability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21969/chemical-and-sensorial-evaluation-of-a-newly-developed-bean-jam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">155</span> Comparative Analysis of White Bean Cake and Soybean Cake through Sensory Evaluation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ijeoma%20Chinyere%20Ukonu">Ijeoma Chinyere Ukonu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20Ojeyokan"> Linda Ojeyokan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study produced and compared the acceptability of white bean cake (akara) and soy bean cake (akara) through sensory evaluation. Two varieties of beans were used; white (haricot) beans and soy beans; processed in the wet (paste) form and dry (flour) form. They were all used in the production of samples of bean cake (akara) under the same condition. Sensory evaluation was carried out on the products; 100% white beans cake paste was labeled (A1), 50% white bean and 50% soya bean cake paste was (B1), 100% white bean cake flour was (A2); 50% white bean cake flour and 50% soya bean cake flour (B2). A five (5) point hedonic scale rating, very good (5), good (4), fair (3), poor (2) and very poor (1) was administered on the ten panel of judge. 40 questionnaires were administered to the general public to access their knowledge of soya beans akara. Correlation analysis was carried out to determine which product is more acceptable. Table, percentages and mean score were methods employed in analyzing data collected. The analysis revealed that soya bean (akara) is generally acceptable except for sample B1 that was rated poor with 2 points, white beans cake was rated very well with 5 points. It was recommended that the hospitality industry could introduce soya bean cakes in the breakfast menu. Families can also include these products in their breakfast. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=akara" title="akara">akara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bean%20cake" title=" bean cake"> bean cake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soybean" title=" soybean"> soybean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white%20bean" title=" white bean "> white bean </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54338/comparative-analysis-of-white-bean-cake-and-soybean-cake-through-sensory-evaluation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">154</span> Utilization of Sorghum and White Bean Flour for the Production of Gluten Free and Iron Rich Cookies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahra%20Elobeid">Tahra Elobeid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmerich%20Berghofer"> Emmerich Berghofer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to find innovative approaches for the production of iron rich foods using natural iron sources. The vehicle used for fortification was sorghum whereas the iron fortificant was white bean. Fortified sorghum cookies were produced from five different mixtures; iron content, iron bioavailability, cookie texture and acceptability were measured. Cookies were prepared from the three fortified flours; 90% sorghum + 10% white bean (S9WB1), 75% sorghum + 25% white bean (S3WB1), 50% sorghum + 50% white bean (S1WB1) and 100% sorghum and 100% white bean. The functional properties gave good results in all the formulations. Statistical analysis of the iron content in the five different cookies showed that there was significant difference at the 95% confidence level (ANOVA). The iron content in all the recipes including the 100% sorghum improved, the increase ranging from 112% in 100% sorghum cookies to 476% in 100% white bean cookies. This shows that the increase in the amount of white bean used for fortification leads to the improvement of the iron content of cookies. The bioavailability of iron ranged from 21.3% in 100% sorghum to 28.6% in 100% white bean cookies. In the 100% sorghum cookies the iron bioavailability increased with reference to raw sorghum due to the addition of eggs. Bioavailability of iron in raw sorghum is 16.2%, therefore the percentage increase ranged from 5.1% to 28.6%. The cookies prepared from 10% white bean (S9WB1) scored the lowest 3.7 in terms of acceptability. They were the least preferred due to their somewhat soft texture. The 30% white bean cookies (S3WB1) gave results comparable to the 50% (S1WB1) and 100% white bean cookies. Cookies prepared with high percentage of white bean (50% and 100% white bean) gave the best results. Therefore cookie formulations from sorghum and white bean are successful in improving the iron status of anaemic individuals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorghum" title="sorghum">sorghum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white%20bean" title=" white bean"> white bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20content" title=" iron content"> iron content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioavailable%20iron" title=" bioavailable iron"> bioavailable iron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cookies" title=" cookies"> cookies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18687/utilization-of-sorghum-and-white-bean-flour-for-the-production-of-gluten-free-and-iron-rich-cookies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">153</span> Formulation and Nutrition Analysis of Low-Sugar Snack Bars </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kongtun-Janphuk">S. Kongtun-Janphuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Niwitpong%20Jr."> S. Niwitpong Jr.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Saengsai"> J. Saengsai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low-sugar snack bars were formulated with 3 main formulas depending on the main ingredient, which were peanut-green bean-sesame, apple, and prune. The most acceptable formula of each group was obtained by sensory evaluation using a nine-point hedonic scale. The moisture content, total ash, protein, fat and fiber were analyzed by the standard methods of AOAC. The peanut-mung bean-sesame snack bar showed the highest protein content (88.32%) and total fat (0.48%) with the lowest of fiber content (0.01%) while the prune formula showed the lowest protein content (71.91%) and total fat (0.21%) with the highest of fiber content (0.03%). This result indicated that the prune formula could be used as diet food to assist in weight loss program. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-sugar%20snack%20bar" title="low-sugar snack bar">low-sugar snack bar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diet%20food" title=" diet food"> diet food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition%20analysis" title=" nutrition analysis"> nutrition analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20formulation" title=" food formulation"> food formulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12247/formulation-and-nutrition-analysis-of-low-sugar-snack-bars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12247.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">152</span> Assessment of Relationships between Agro-Morphological Traits and Cold Tolerance in Faba Bean (vicia faba l.) and Wild Relatives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nisa%20Ertoy%20Inci">Nisa Ertoy Inci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cengiz%20Toker"> Cengiz Toker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Winter or autumn-sown faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one the most efficient ways to overcome drought since faba bean is usually grown under rainfed where drought and high-temperature stresses are the main growth constraints. The objectives of this study were assessment of (i) relationships between cold tolerance and agro-morphological traits, and (ii) the most suitable agro-morphological trait(s) under cold conditions. Three species of the genus Vicia L. includes 109 genotypes of faba bean (Vicia faba L.), three genotypes of narbon bean (V. narbonensis L.) and two genotypes of V. montbretii Fisch. & C.A. Mey. Davis and Plitmann were sown in autumn at highland of Mediterranean region of Turkey. All relatives of faba bean were more cold-tolerant than the faba bean genotypes. Three faba bean genotypes, ACV-42, ACV-84 and ACV-88, were selected as sources of cold tolerance under field conditions. Path and correlation coefficients and factor and principal component analyses indicated that biological yield should be evaluated in selection for cold tolerance under cold conditions ahead of many agro-morphological traits. The seed weight should be considered for selection in early breeding generations because they had the highest heritability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20tolerance" title="cold tolerance">cold tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=faba%20bean" title=" faba bean"> faba bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narbon%20bean" title=" narbon bean"> narbon bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=selection" title=" selection"> selection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28943/assessment-of-relationships-between-agro-morphological-traits-and-cold-tolerance-in-faba-bean-vicia-faba-l-and-wild-relatives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">151</span> Comparison of Chlorophyll Contents in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Runner Bean (P. coccineous L.) Genotypes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huseyin%20Canci">Huseyin Canci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chlorophylls are green photosynthetic pigment in plants. Therefore, photosynthesis in plants occurs in the leaves. Roles of chlorophylls help plants to get energy from light. The aim of the present study is to compare of chlorophyll contents in some bean species including common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and runner bean (P. coccineous L.) and genotypes. This research was carried out in fields of Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University in Antalya. Species and genotypes were grown in 2 m single row and 50 cm row spacing. A randomized blocks design was used with two replications. Totally, 124 beans species and genotypes which 122 common beans and 2 runner beans were sown on February, 17th 2014 by hand. Chlorophyll a + b (SPAD values) were determined seedling stage, days to flowering 50% and pod setting stage on bean genotypes. Results showed that there were significant differences for genotypes, stages and interaction of genotypes X stages. There was statistically significant relationships between yield and chlorophyll content of bean species and genotypes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bean" title="bean">bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chlorophyll" title=" chlorophyll"> chlorophyll</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phaseolus" title=" Phaseolus"> Phaseolus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SPAD%20values" title=" SPAD values"> SPAD values</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48893/comparison-of-chlorophyll-contents-in-common-bean-phaseolus-vulgaris-l-and-runner-bean-p-coccineous-l-genotypes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">150</span> Effect of BYMV on Faba Bean Productivity in Libya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20S.%20El-Ammari">Abdullah S. El-Ammari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20M.%20El-Sanousi"> Omar M. El-Sanousi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fathi%20S.%20El-Mesmari"> Fathi S. El-Mesmari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One distinct virus namely bean yellow mosaic potyvirus (BYMV) was isolated from naturally infected faba bean plants and identified through the serological reaction, mechanical transmission, host range and symptomology. To study the effect of BYMV on faba bean crop productivity, the experiment was carried out in naturally infected field in a completely randomized design with two treatments (the early infected plants and the lately infected plants). T- test was used to analyze the data. plants of each treatment were harvested when the pods were fully ripened. Early infection significantly reduced the yield of broad bean crop leading to 85.04% yield loss in productivity of seeds per plant, 72.42% yield loss in number of pods per plants, 31.58% yield loss in number of seeds per pod and 18.2% yield loss in weight of seeds per plant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bean%20yellow%20mosaic%20potyvirus" title="bean yellow mosaic potyvirus">bean yellow mosaic potyvirus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=faba%20bean" title=" faba bean"> faba bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=productivity" title=" productivity"> productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=libya" title=" libya"> libya</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35584/effect-of-bymv-on-faba-bean-productivity-in-libya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35584.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">149</span> Activities of Processors in Domestication/Conservation and Processing of Oil Bean (Pentaclethra macrophylla) in Enugu State, South East Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iwuchukwu%20J.%20C.">Iwuchukwu J. C.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mbah%20C."> Mbah C.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There seems to be dearth on information on how oil bean is being exploited, processed and conserved locally. This gap stifles initiatives on the evaluation of the suitability of the methods used and the invention of new and better methods. The study; therefore, assesses activities of processors in domestication/conservation and processing of oil bean (Pentaclethra macrophylla) Enugu State, South East Nigeria. Three agricultural zones, three blocks, nine circles and seventy-two respondents that were purposively selected made up the sample for the study. Data were presented in percentage, chart and mean score. The result shows that processors of oil bean in the area were middle-aged, married with relatively large household size and long years of experience in processing. They sourced oil bean they processed from people’s farmland and sourced information on processing of oil bean from friends and relatives. Activities involved in processing of oil bean were boiling, dehulling, washing, sieving, slicing, wrapping. However, the sequence of these activities varies among these processors. Little or nothing was done by the processors towards the conservation of the crop while poor storage and processing facilities and lack of knowledge on modern preservation technique were major constraints to processing of oil bean in the area. The study concluded that efforts should be made by governments and processors through cooperative group in provision of processing and storage facility for oil bean while research institute should conserve and generate improved specie of the crop to arouse interest of the farmers and processors on the crop which will invariably increase productivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title="conservation">conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domestication" title=" domestication"> domestication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20bean" title=" oil bean"> oil bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processing" title=" processing"> processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27406/activities-of-processors-in-domesticationconservation-and-processing-of-oil-bean-pentaclethra-macrophylla-in-enugu-state-south-east-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">148</span> Different Tillage Possibilities for Second Crop in Green Bean Farming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yilmaz%20Bayhan">Yilmaz Bayhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emin%20G%C3%BCzel"> Emin Güzel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96mer%20Bar%C4%B1%C5%9F%20%C3%96zl%C3%BCoymak"> Ömer Barış Özlüoymak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20%C4%B0nce"> Ahmet İnce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Sessiz"> Abdullah Sessiz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, determining of reduced tillage techniques in green bean farming as a second crop after harvesting wheat was targeted. To this aim, four different soil tillage methods namely, heavy-duty disc harrow (HD), rotary tiller (ROT), heavy-duty disc harrow plus rotary tiller (HD+ROT) and no-tillage (NT) (seeding by direct drill) were examined. Experiments were arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The highest green beans yields were obtained in HD+ROT and NT as 5,862.1 and 5,829.3 Mg/ha, respectively. The lowest green bean yield was found in HD as 3,076.7 Mg/ha. The highest fuel consumption was measured 30.60 L ha<sup>-1 </sup>for HD+ROT whereas the lowest value was found 7.50 L ha<sup>-1</sup> for NT. No tillage method gave the best results for fuel consumption and effective power requirement. It is concluded that no-tillage method can be used in second crop green bean in the Thrace Region due to economic and erosion conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20bean" title="green bean">green bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20tillage" title=" soil tillage"> soil tillage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetative" title=" vegetative"> vegetative</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68586/different-tillage-possibilities-for-second-crop-in-green-bean-farming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">147</span> The Effect of Fermentation and Germination on the Nutrient and Antinutrient Composition of Lima Bean (Phaseolus lunatus) Flour</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20N.%20Okeke">P. N. Okeke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fermentation and germination of legumes have been an ancient practice. In this study, the influence of fermentation and germination on the chemical properties of Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) flour were evaluated. The flours were analyzed for their proximate and mineral composition, using the standard assay methods. The result showed that fermentation and germination increased the moisture, protein and ash content of the flours while fiber, fat and carbohydrate were decreased. The protein level of fermented and germinated lima bean increased from 21.06–26.60%. The minerals: iron, copper, zinc, and phosphorous increased due to germination and fermentation. The phytate and tannin levels were drastically reduced in both the fermented and germinated flours. The result of this study revealed that fermentation and germination makes the nutrient in lima beans more accessible as it reduces the anti-nutrients. It is therefore recommended that lima bean be process accordingly for richer and more bio-availability of the nutrients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrient" title="nutrient">nutrient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-nutrient" title=" anti-nutrient"> anti-nutrient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermented" title=" fermented"> fermented</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germinated" title=" germinated"> germinated</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lima%20bean%20flour" title=" lima bean flour "> lima bean flour </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22168/the-effect-of-fermentation-and-germination-on-the-nutrient-and-antinutrient-composition-of-lima-bean-phaseolus-lunatus-flour" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">146</span> Effects of Beeswax Coating on the Properties of Cocoa Bean Shell Based Papers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Rejeki">Sri Rejeki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamrin%20Tamrin"> Tamrin Tamrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RH.%20F.%20Faradilla"> RH. F. Faradilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20N.%20Ibrahim"> Muhammad N. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariana%20M."> Mariana M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irnawati%20Irnawati"> Irnawati Irnawati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cocoa bean shells, despite their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, are still considered as an underutilized agricultural waste. The functional properties and their lignocelluloses content make cocoa bean shells a potential material for paper-based food packaging. In our previous research, we have successfully produced papers from cocoa bean shells that had antioxidant and antibacterial activities. However, the hydrophilic nature of the lignocelluloses of cocoa bean shells hinders the application of the paper to be used as a food packaging. In this research, we aimed to study the effects of beeswax coating on the wettability and mechanical properties of the paper. The coating was done by dipping the papers in beeswax solution several times and in three different beeswax concentrations. The number of dipping and beeswax concentration significantly (p<0.05) affected the water contact angle of the papers. Results show that the water contact angle increases dramatically due to the coating treatment. The control paper or uncoated paper had a contact angle of 40.50o, while the contact angle of the best-coated paper (D3B3: 3x dipping, 3g/10mL beeswax) reached 96.93o. Both tensile strength and percent elongation were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by the coating treatment. This showed that beeswax was a potential organic material to improve the hydrophobicity of paper from cocoa bean shells without any undesirable effects on the mechanical properties of the paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cocoa%20bean%20shell" title="cocoa bean shell">cocoa bean shell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paper" title=" paper"> paper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beeswax" title=" beeswax"> beeswax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coating" title=" coating"> coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20angle" title=" contact angle"> contact angle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111849/effects-of-beeswax-coating-on-the-properties-of-cocoa-bean-shell-based-papers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111849.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">145</span> Phytotoxicity of Lead on the Physiological Parameters of Two Varieties of Broad Bean (Vicia faba)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20H.%20Bouziani">El H. Bouziani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20A.%20Reguieg%20Yssaad"> H. A. Reguieg Yssaad </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The phytotoxicity of heavy metals can be expressed on roots and visible part of plants and is characterized by molecular and metabolic answers at various levels of organization of the whole plant. The present study was undertaken on two varieties of broad bean Vicia faba (Sidi Aïch and Super Aguadulce). The device was mounted on a substrate prepared by mixing sand, soil and compost, the substrate was artificially contaminated with three doses of lead nitrate [Pb(NO3)2] 0, 500 and 1000 ppm. Our objective is to follow the behavior of plant opposite the stress by evaluating the physiological parameters. The results reveal a reduction in the parameters of the productivity (chlorophyll and proteins production) with an increase in the osmoregulators (soluble sugars and proline).These results show that the production of broad bean is strongly modified by the disturbance of its internal physiology under lead exposure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broad%20bean" title="broad bean">broad bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead" title=" lead"> lead</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title=" stress"> stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiological%20parameters" title=" physiological parameters"> physiological parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytotoxicity" title=" phytotoxicity"> phytotoxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33247/phytotoxicity-of-lead-on-the-physiological-parameters-of-two-varieties-of-broad-bean-vicia-faba" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33247.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">144</span> Physicochemical and Antioxidative Characteristics of Black Bean Protein Hydrolysates Obtained from Different Enzymes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhaojun%20Zheng">Zhaojun Zheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuanfa%20Liu"> Yuanfa Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiaxin%20Li"> Jiaxin Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinwei%20Li"> Jinwei Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-jiang%20Xu"> Yong-jiang Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Cao"> Chen Cao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Black bean is an excellent protein source for preparing hydrolysates, which attract much attention due to their biological activity. The objective of this study was to characterize the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of black bean protein, hydrolyzed by ficin, bromelain or alcalase until 300 min of hydrolysis. Results showed that bromelain and alcalase hydrolysates possessed a higher degree of hydrolysis (DH) than that of ficin, thereby presenting different ultraviolet absorption, fluorescence intensity, and circular dichroism. Moreover, all hydrolysates possessed the capacity to scavenge DPPH radical with the lowest IC₅₀ of 21.11 µg/mL, as well as to chelate ferrous ion (Fe²⁺) with the IC₅₀ values ranging from 6.82 to 30.68 µg/mL. Intriguingly, the oxidation of linoleic acid, sunflower oil, and sunflower oil-in-water emulsion was remarkedly retarded by the three selected protein hydrolysates, especially by bromelain-treated protein hydrolysate, which might attribute to their high hydrophobicity and emulsifying properties. These findings can provide strong support for black bean protein hydrolysates to be employed in food products acting as natural antioxidant alternatives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title="antioxidant activity">antioxidant activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20bean%20protein%20hydrolysate" title=" black bean protein hydrolysate"> black bean protein hydrolysate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion%20physicochemical%20properties" title=" emulsion physicochemical properties"> emulsion physicochemical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sunflower%20oil" title=" sunflower oil"> sunflower oil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105885/physicochemical-and-antioxidative-characteristics-of-black-bean-protein-hydrolysates-obtained-from-different-enzymes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">143</span> Screening of Nickel-Tolerant Genotype of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata) Based on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Yusuf">Mohammad Yusuf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qazi%20Fariduddin"> Qazi Fariduddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main aim of this study was to explore the different cultivars of Vigna radiata on basis of photosynthesis, antioxidants and proline to assess Ni-sensitive and Ni-tolerant cultivar. Seeds of five different cultivars were sown in soil amended with different levels of Ni (0, 50, 100, or 150 mg kg 1). At 30 d stage, plants were harvested to assess the various parameters. The Ni treatment diminished growth, leaf water potential, chlorophyll content and net photosynthesis along with nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase activities in the concentration dependent manner whereas, it enhanced proline content and various antioxidant enzymes. The varieties T-44 found least affected, whereas PDM-139 experienced maximum damage at 150 mg kg-1 of Ni. Moreover, T-44 possessed maximum activity of antioxidant enzymes and proline content at all the levels of metal whereas PDM-139 possessed minimum values. Therefore, T-44 and PDM-139 were established as the most resistant and sensitive varieties, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vigna%20radiata" title="Vigna radiata">Vigna radiata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidants" title=" antioxidants"> antioxidants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel" title=" nickel"> nickel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photosynthesis" title=" photosynthesis"> photosynthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proline" title=" proline"> proline</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41897/screening-of-nickel-tolerant-genotype-of-mung-bean-vigna-radiata-based-on-photosynthesis-and-antioxidant-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">142</span> Antioxidant Enzymes and Crude Mitochondria ATPases in the Radicle of Germinating Bean (Vigna unguiculata) Exposed to Different Concentrations of Crude Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stella%20O.%20Olubodun">Stella O. Olubodun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20E.%20Eriyamremu"> George E. Eriyamremu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examined the effect of Bonny Light whole crude oil (WC) and its water soluble fraction (WSF) on the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) and crude mitochondria ATPases in the radicle of germinating bean (Vigna unguiculata). The percentage germination, level of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme, and mitochondria Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase activities were measured in the radicle of bean after 7, 14, and 21 days post germination. Viable bean seeds were planted in soils contaminated with 10ml, 25ml, and 50ml of whole crude oil (WC) and its water soluble fraction (WSF) to obtain 2, 5, and 10% v/w crude oil contamination. There was dose dependent reduction of the number of bean seeds that germinated in the contaminated soils compared with control (p<0.001). The activities of the antioxidant enzymes, as well as, adenosine triphosphatase enzymes, were also significantly (p<0.001) altered in the radicle of the plants grown in contaminated soil compared with the control. Generally, the level of lipid peroxidation was highest after 21 days post germination when compared with control. Stress to germinating bean caused by Bonny Light crude oil or its water soluble fraction resulted in adaptive changes in crude mitochondria ATPases in the radicle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20enzymes" title="antioxidant enzymes">antioxidant enzymes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bonny%20light%20crude%20oil" title=" bonny light crude oil"> bonny light crude oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radicle" title=" radicle"> radicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitochondria%20ATPases" title=" mitochondria ATPases"> mitochondria ATPases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17845/antioxidant-enzymes-and-crude-mitochondria-atpases-in-the-radicle-of-germinating-bean-vigna-unguiculata-exposed-to-different-concentrations-of-crude-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> The Influence of Addition of Asparagus Bean Powder (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) on Gonad Maturity of Nilem Carp (Osteochilus hasselti) at the Floating Net Cage of Cirata Reservoir</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rita%20Rostika">Rita Rostika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junianto"> Junianto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zulfiqar%20W.%20Ibrahim"> Zulfiqar W. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iskandar"> Iskandar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lantun%20P.%20Dewanti"> Lantun P. Dewanti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of asparagus bean powder and its most effective administration dose to improve the gonad maturity of nilem carp (Osteochilus hasselti). The research is conducted in October-July 2017 located at Cirata Reservoir and Aquaculture Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor. The research employs an experimental method using a Complete Random Design (RAL) with six treatments and three repetitions. The treatments include the addition of asparagus bean powder by 0% (Control), 4% per kg of feed, 5% per kg of feed, 6% per kg of feed, 7% per kg of feed, as well as the addition of vitamin E essential as the control. The results show that the addition of asparagus bean powder to the feed may influence the gonad maturity of nilem carp shown by its Gonado Somatic Index (GSI) parameter, fecundity, egg diameter and egg reaching its maturity phase or GVBD (Germinal Vesicle Breakdown). The best administration dose influencing nilem carp is the addition of asparagus bean powder by 7% per kg of feed with the average GSI of 15.02%, relative fecundity of 137 eggs/g of fish parent weight, egg diameter of 1,263 mm, and egg reaching its maturity phase (GVBD) of 78.15%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asparagus%20bean%20powder" title="asparagus bean powder">asparagus bean powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nilem%20carp" title=" nilem carp"> nilem carp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gonad%20maturity" title=" gonad maturity"> gonad maturity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cirata%20reservoir" title=" Cirata reservoir"> Cirata reservoir</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85513/the-influence-of-addition-of-asparagus-bean-powder-psophocarpus-tetragonolobus-on-gonad-maturity-of-nilem-carp-osteochilus-hasselti-at-the-floating-net-cage-of-cirata-reservoir" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85513.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Evaluation of Botanical Plant Powders against Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in Stored Local Common Bean Varieties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fikadu%20Kifle%20Hailegeorgis">Fikadu Kifle Hailegeorgis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Common bean is one of the most important sources of protein in Ethiopia and other developing countries. However, the Mexican bean weevil, Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman), is a major factor in the storage of common beans that causes losses. Studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of botanical powders of Jatropha curcas (L.), Neem/Azadrachta indica, and Parthenium hysterophorus (L) on local common bean varieties against Z subfasciatus at Melkassa Agriculture Research Center. Twenty local common bean varieties were evaluated twice against Z. Subfasciatus in a completely randomized design in three replications at the rate of 0.2g/250g of seed for each experiment. Malathion and untreated were used as standard checks. The result indicated that RAZ White and Round Yellow showed high resistance variety in experiments while Batu and Black showed high susceptible variety in experiments. Jatropha seed powder was the most effective against Z. subfasciatus. Parthenium seed powders and neem leaf powders also indicate promising results. Common beans treated with botanicals significantly (p<0.05) had a higher germination percentage than that of the untreated seed. In general, the results obtained indicated that using bean varieties (RAZ white and Round yellow) and botanicals (Jatropha) seed powder gave the best control of Z. subfasciatus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=botanicals" title="botanicals">botanicals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malathion" title=" malathion"> malathion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistant%20varieties" title=" resistant varieties"> resistant varieties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20subfasciatus" title=" Z. subfasciatus"> Z. subfasciatus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176210/evaluation-of-botanical-plant-powders-against-zabrotes-subfasciatus-boheman-coleoptera-bruchidae-in-stored-local-common-bean-varieties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Bean in Turkey: Characterization, Inter Gene Pool Hybridization Events, Breeding, Utilizations </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faheem%20Shahzad%20Baloch">Faheem Shahzad Baloch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Azhar%20Nadeem"> Muhammad Azhar Nadeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Amjad%20Nawaz"> Muhammad Amjad Nawaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ephrem%20Habyarimana"> Ephrem Habyarimana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gonul%20Comertpay"> Gonul Comertpay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tolga%20Karakoy"> Tolga Karakoy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rustu%20Hatipoglu"> Rustu Hatipoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Zahit%20Yeken"> Mehmet Zahit Yeken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vahdettin%20Ciftci"> Vahdettin Ciftci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Turkey is considered a bridge between Europe, Asia, and Africa and possibly played an important role in the distribution of many crops including common bean. Hundreds of common bean landraces can be found in Turkey, particularly in farmers’ fields, and they consistently contribute to the overall production. To investigate the existing genetic diversity and hybridization events between the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools in the Turkish common bean, 188 common bean accessions (182 landraces and 6 modern cultivars as controls) were collected from 19 different Turkish geographic regions. These accessions were characterized using phenotypic data (growth habit and seed weight), geographic provenance, 12557 high-quality whole-genome DArTseq markers, and 3767 novel DArTseq loci were also identified. The clustering algorithms resolved the Turkish common bean landrace germplasm into the two recognized gene pools, the Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools. Hybridization events were observed in both gene pools (14.36% of the accessions) but mostly in the Mesoamerican (7.97% of the accessions), and was low relative to previous European studies. The lower level of hybridization witnessed the existence of Turkish common bean germplasm in its original form as compared to Europe. Mesoamerican gene pool reflected a higher level of diversity, while the Andean gene pool was predominant (56.91% of the accessions), but genetically less diverse and phenotypically more pure, reflecting farmers greater preference for the Andean gene pool. We also found some genetically distinct landraces and overall, a meaningful level of genetic variability which can be used by the scientific community in breeding efforts to develop superior common bean strains. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bean%20germplasm" title="bean germplasm">bean germplasm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DArTseq%20markers" title=" DArTseq markers"> DArTseq markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genotyping%20by%20sequencing" title=" genotyping by sequencing"> genotyping by sequencing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=whole%20genome%20diversity" title=" whole genome diversity"> whole genome diversity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92658/bean-in-turkey-characterization-inter-gene-pool-hybridization-events-breeding-utilizations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92658.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Interaction of Water Stress and VA Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Green Bean under Different P Levels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahram%20Baghban%20Cirus">Shahram Baghban Cirus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parisa%20Alizadeh%20Oskuie"> Parisa Alizadeh Oskuie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a greenhouse experiment, green bean were inoculated with three levels of phosphorus (P1, P2, P3, respectively 0, 50, 100 kgP/h) and four levels of water stress(Fc1, Fc2, Fc3 ,Fc4, respectively 0.8Fc, 0.7Fc, 0.6Fc, 0.5Fc) and one species of VA mycorrhiza (Glomus versiform) or left uninocolated as control plants in the steril soil. AM colonization significantly stimulated plant growth, leaf area, shoot, and pod dry weight but water stress significantly decreased colonization, pod and shoot dry weight, and shoot P. The use P levels significantly increased leaf area, shoot, and pod dry weight, pods length, and colonization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20bean" title="green bean">green bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20growth" title=" plant growth"> plant growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VA%20mycorrhiza" title=" VA mycorrhiza"> VA mycorrhiza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water-stress" title=" water-stress"> water-stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17731/interaction-of-water-stress-and-va-mycorrhizal-inoculation-on-green-bean-under-different-p-levels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17731.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> Phenotypic and Symbiotic Characterization of Rhizobia Isolated from Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) in Moroccan Soils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Hajjam">Y. Hajjam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20T.%20Alami"> I. T. Alami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Udupa"> S. M. Udupa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Cherkaoui"> S. Cherkaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an important food legume crop in Morocco. It is mainly used as human food and feed for animals. Faba bean also plays an important role in cereal-based cropping systems, when rotated with cereals it improves soil fertility by fixing N2 in root nodules mediated by Rhizobium. Both faba bean and its biological nitrogen fixation symbiotic bacterium Rhizobium are affected by different stresses such as: salinity, drought, pH, heavy metal, and the uptake of inorganic phosphate compounds. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the phenotypic diversity among the faba bean rhizobial isolates and to select the tolerant strains that can fix N2 under environmental constraints for inoculation particularly for affected soils, in order to enhance the productivity of faba bean and to improve soil fertility. Result have shown that 62% of isolates were fast growing with the ability of producing acids compounds , while 38% of isolates are slow growing with production of alkalins. Moreover, 42.5% of these isolates were able to solubilize inorganic phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 and the index of solubilization was ranged from 2.1 to 3.0. The resistance to extreme pH, temperature, water stress heavy metals and antibiotics lead us to classify rhizobial isolates into different clusters. Finally, the authentication test under greenhouse conditions showed that 55% of the rhizobial isolates could induce nodule formation on faba bean (Vicia faba L.) under greenhouse experiment. This phenotypic characterization may contribute to improve legumes and non legumes crops especially in affected soils and also to increase agronomic yield in the dry areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhizobia" title="rhizobia">rhizobia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vicia%20faba" title=" vicia faba"> vicia faba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenotypic%20characterization" title=" phenotypic characterization"> phenotypic characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nodule%20formation" title=" nodule formation"> nodule formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20constraints" title=" environmental constraints"> environmental constraints</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42612/phenotypic-and-symbiotic-characterization-of-rhizobia-isolated-from-faba-bean-vicia-faba-l-in-moroccan-soils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Study of Pseudomonas as Biofertiliser in Salt-Affected Soils of the Northwestern Algeria: Solubilisation of Calcium Phosphate and Growth Promoting of Broad Bean (Vcia faba)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Djoudi">A. Djoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Djibaou"> R. Djibaou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20A.%20Reguieg%20Yssaad"> H. A. Reguieg Yssaad </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our study focuses on the study of a bacteria belonging to Pseudomonas solubilizing tricalcium phosphate. They were isolated from rhizosphere of a variety of broad bean grown in salt-affected soils (electrical conductivity between 4 and 8 mmhos/cm) of the irrigated perimeter of Mina in northwestern Algeria. Isolates which have advantageous results in the calcium phosphate solubilization index test were subjected to identification using API20 then used to re-inoculate the same soil in pots experimentation to assess the effects of inoculation on the growth of the broad bean (Vicia faba). Based on the results obtained from the in-vitro tests, two isolates P5 and P8 showed a significant effect on the solubilization of tricalcium phosphate with an index I estimated at 314% and 283% sequentially. According to the results of in-vivo tests, the inoculation of the soil with P5 and P8 were significantly and positively influencing the growth in biometric parameters of the broad bean. Inoculation with strain P5 has promoted the growth of the broad bean in stem height, stem fresh weight and stem dry weight of 108.59%, 115.28%, 104.33%, respectively. Inoculation with strain P8 has fostered the growth of the broad bean stem fresh weight of 112.47%. The effect of Pseudomonas on the development of Vicia faba is considered as an interesting process by which PGPR can increase biological production and crop protection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pseudomonas" title="Pseudomonas">Pseudomonas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vicia%20faba" title=" Vicia faba"> Vicia faba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=promoting%20of%20plant%20growth" title=" promoting of plant growth"> promoting of plant growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solubilization%20tricalcium%20phosphate" title=" solubilization tricalcium phosphate"> solubilization tricalcium phosphate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32622/study-of-pseudomonas-as-biofertiliser-in-salt-affected-soils-of-the-northwestern-algeria-solubilisation-of-calcium-phosphate-and-growth-promoting-of-broad-bean-vcia-faba" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32622.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> Effects of Excess-Iron Stress on Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Efficiency of Yardlong-Bean Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Li">Hong Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tingxian%20Li"> Tingxian Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xudong%20Wang"> Xudong Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qinghuo%20Lin"> Qinghuo Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Excess-iron (Fe) stresses involved in legume symbiotic nitrogen fixation are not understood. Our objectives were to investigate the tolerance of yardlong-bean plants to soil excess-Fe stress and antagonistic effects of organic amendments and rhizobial inoculants on plant root nodulation and stem ureide formation. The study was conducted in the tropical Hainan Island during 2012-2013. The soil was strongly acidic (pH 5.3±0.4) and highly variable in Fe concentrations(596±79 mg/kg). The treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with three blocks. The treatment effects were significant on root nodulation, stem ureide, amino acids, plant N/Fe accumulation and bean yields (P<0.05). The yardlong-bean stem allantoin, amino acids and nitrate concentrations and relative ureide % declined with high soil Fe concentrations (>300 mg/kg). It was concluded that the co-variance of excess Fe stress could inhibit legume symbiotic N fixation efficiency. Organic amendments and rhizobial inoculants could help improve crop tolerance to excess Fe stress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atmospheric%20N%20fixation" title="atmospheric N fixation">atmospheric N fixation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=root%20nodulation" title=" root nodulation"> root nodulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20Fe%20co-variance" title=" soil Fe co-variance"> soil Fe co-variance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stem%20ureide" title=" stem ureide"> stem ureide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yardlong-bean%20plants" title=" yardlong-bean plants"> yardlong-bean plants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10233/effects-of-excess-iron-stress-on-symbiotic-nitrogen-fixation-efficiency-of-yardlong-bean-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10233.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Rural Women’s Skill Acquisition in the Processing of Locust Bean in Ipokia Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Adekunle">A. A. Adekunle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Omoare"> A. M. Omoare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20O.%20Oyediran"> W. O. Oyediran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was carried out to assess rural women’s skill acquisition in the processing of locust bean in Ipokia Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 90 women locust bean processors for this study. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The result showed that the mean age of respondents was 40.72 years. Most (70.00%) of the respondents were married. The mean processing experience was 8.63 years. 93.30% of the respondents relied on information from fellow locust beans processors and friends. All (100%) the respondents did not acquire improved processing skill through trainings and workshops. It can be concluded that the rural women’s skill acquisition on modernized processing techniques was generally low. It is hereby recommend that the rural women processors should be trained by extension service providers through series of workshops and seminars on improved processing techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locust%20bean" title="locust bean">locust bean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processing" title=" processing"> processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skill%20acquisition" title=" skill acquisition"> skill acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20women" title=" rural women"> rural women</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4247/rural-womens-skill-acquisition-in-the-processing-of-locust-bean-in-ipokia-local-government-area-of-ogun-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4247.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mung%20bean&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mung%20bean&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mung%20bean&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mung%20bean&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mung%20bean&page=6">6</a></li> <li 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