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mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Конституционална икономика – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Конституционална икономика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstitutionelle_%C3%96konomie" title="Konstitutionelle Ökonomie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Konstitutionelle Ökonomie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_economics" title="Constitutional economics – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Constitutional economics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa_constitucional" title="Economía constitucional – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Economía constitucional" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="اقتصاد قانون اساسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اقتصاد قانون اساسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr 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Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Constitutional economics</b> is a program of joint study of <a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">economics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Constitutionalism" title="Constitutionalism">constitutionalism</a>. It is often described as "the economic analysis of constitutional law." Constitutional economics tries to explain the selection of constitutional rules "limiting the choices and activities of economic and political agencies." This is different from the approach of traditional economics.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, constitutional economics studies how well economic decisions of the state agree with the existing constitutional economic rights of its citizens."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, proper distribution of economic and financial resources of the state is a big question for every nation. Constitutional economics tries bringing together constitutional <a href="/wiki/Economic,_social_and_cultural_rights" title="Economic, social and cultural rights">economic rights</a> of the citizens and economic policy of the state.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Origins" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Origins"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term “constitutional economics” was created in 1982 by the U.S. economist Richard McKenzie. Then it was used by another American economist – <a href="/wiki/James_M._Buchanan" title="James M. Buchanan">James M. Buchanan</a> – as a name for a new academic sub-discipline. Buchanan’s work brought him in 1986 the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> in Economic Sciences for his "development of the contractual and constitutional bases for the theory of economic and political decision-making." </p><p>Buchanan rejects "any organic conception of the <a href="/wiki/State" title="State">state</a>" as superior in wisdom, to the citizens of this state." This philosophical position forms the basis of constitutional economics. Buchanan believes that every <a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">constitution</a> is created for at least several generations of citizens. Therefore, it must be able to balance interests of the state, <a href="/wiki/Society" title="Society">society</a>, and each individual.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There exists an important opinion that constitutional economics can be regarded as the modern "science of legislation."<sup id="cite_ref-Van2005_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Van2005-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The constantly growing public interest in constitutional economics has already brought to life several academic journals, for example, "Constitutional Political Economy"<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (established in 1990). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Judicial_interpretation">Judicial interpretation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Judicial interpretation" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Judicial interpretation"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The U.S. judge Richard Posner stresses the important role of state constitution in the <a href="/wiki/Economic_development" title="Economic development">economic development</a>. He asserts that "effective protection of basic <a href="/wiki/Economic,_social_and_cultural_rights" title="Economic, social and cultural rights">economic rights</a> promotes economic growth."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court of India</a> used practical interpretation of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India">Indian Constitution</a> to protect the poorest and most oppressed groups of the population in several cases of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Public_interest_litigation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Public interest litigation (not yet started)">public interest litigation</a>. This is an example of real life application of the methodology of constitutional economics.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Importance_for_transitional_and_developing_countries">Importance for transitional and developing countries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Importance for transitional and developing countries" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Importance for transitional and developing countries"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Constitutional economics pays special attention to such topic as proper national wealth distribution.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many countries with changing or developing economic systems still regard their constitutions as abstract legal documents having nothing in common with actual economic policy of the state. Three quarters of all independent states are still living under nearly absolute state control of the national economy. Neither <a href="/w/index.php?title=Civil_society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Civil society (not yet started)">civil society</a> nor individual citizens in these states have any influence on the decisions taken in the process of national wealth distribution.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, constitutional economics is especially important for the countries whose political and economic systems are in transition and where the state rarely respects constitutional economic rights of its citizens. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Related pages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Budget" title="Budget">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutionalism" title="Constitutionalism">Constitutionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_economy" title="Political economy">Political economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">Political science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Rule of Law">Rule of Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Buchanan" title="James M. Buchanan">James M. Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">Welfare state</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBackhaus2005" class="citation book cs1">Backhaus, Jurgen G. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EtguKoWHUHYC"><i>The Elgar Companion to Law and Economics</i></a>. Edward Elgar Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84542-550-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84542-550-0"><bdi>978-1-84542-550-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Elgar+Companion+to+Law+and+Economics&rft.pub=Edward+Elgar+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-84542-550-0&rft.aulast=Backhaus&rft.aufirst=Jurgen+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEtguKoWHUHYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AConstitutional+economics" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719195217/http://law2.fordham.edu/publications/articles/600flspub9473.pdf">"Peter Barenboim, <i>Constitutional Economics and the Bank of Russia</i>, in <i>Fordham Journal of Corporate and Financial Law</i>, 7(1), 2001, p. 160"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://law2.fordham.edu/publications/articles/600flspub9473.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2011-07-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-03-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Peter+Barenboim%2C+Constitutional+Economics+and+the+Bank+of+Russia%2C+in+Fordham+Journal+of+Corporate+and+Financial+Law%2C+7%281%29%2C+2001%2C+p.+160&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flaw2.fordham.edu%2Fpublications%2Farticles%2F600flspub9473.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AConstitutional+economics" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Barenboim, Natalya Merkulova. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://philosophicalclub.ru/content/docs/worldruleoflaw.pdf">The 25th Anniversary of Constitutional Economics: The Russian Model and Legal Reform in Russia, in The World Rule of Law Movement and Russian Legal Reform</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200912203120/http://philosophicalclub.ru/content/docs/worldruleoflaw.pdf">Archived</a> 2020-09-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>", edited by Francis Neate and Holly Nielsen, Justitsinform, Moscow (2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Buchanan, J., Logical Foundations of Constitutional Liberty, Vol. 1, Indianapolis, 1999, p. 372.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Van2005-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Van2005_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFBackhaus2005" class="citation book cs1">Backhaus, Jurgen G. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EtguKoWHUHYC"><i>The Elgar Companion to Law and Economics</i></a>. Edward Elgar Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84542-550-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84542-550-0"><bdi>978-1-84542-550-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Elgar+Companion+to+Law+and+Economics&rft.pub=Edward+Elgar+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-84542-550-0&rft.aulast=Backhaus&rft.aufirst=Jurgen+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEtguKoWHUHYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AConstitutional+economics" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/102866/?sortorder=asc&p_o=61">"Constitutional Political Economy - Springer"</a>. <i>www.springerlink.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.springerlink.com&rft.atitle=Constitutional+Political+Economy+-+Springer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F102866%2F%3Fsortorder%3Dasc%26p_o%3D61&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AConstitutional+economics" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link since January 2021">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Posner R., The Constitution as an Economic Document. The George Washington Law Review. November 1987. Vol. 56. No. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jeremy Cooper, <i>Poverty and Constitutional Justice</i>, in <i>Philosophy of Law: Classic and Contemporary Readings</i>, edited by Larry May and Jeff Brown, Wiley-Blackwell, UK, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mohammad Amin & Jamal Haidar, 2012. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1287217">The cost of registering property: does legal origin matter?</a>," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 42(3), pages 1035-1050, June</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.policyarchive.org/handle/10207/bitstreams/13285.pdf">"Gerald W. Scully, "Constitutional Economics: The Framework for Economic Growth and Social Progress"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gerald+W.+Scully%2C+%22Constitutional+Economics%3A+The+Framework+for+Economic+Growth+and+Social+Progress%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.policyarchive.org%2Fhandle%2F10207%2Fbitstreams%2F13285.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AConstitutional+economics" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link since January 2021">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Backhaus, Jürgen G., ed. <i>The Elgar Companion to Law and Economics</i>:</li></ul> <dl><dd>Farina, Francesco, 2005. "Constitutional Economics I," pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EtguKoWHUHYC&pg=PA184=false">184-222.</a></dd> <dd>Van den Hauwe, Ludwig, 2005. "Constitutional Economics II," pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=EtguKoWHUHYC&oi=fnd&pg=PA223&=false">223-38.</a></dd></dl> <ul><li>James A. Dorn, 2004. "Creating a Constitutional Order of Freedom in Emerging Market Economies," <i>Economic Affairs</i>, 24(3), pp. 58–63. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0270.2004.t01-1-00493.x/abstract">Abstract.</a></li> <li>Buchanan, James M., 1974. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.econlib.org/library/Buchanan/buchCv7Contents.html"><i>The Limits of Liberty: Between Anarchy and Leviathan</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060518093905/http://www.econlib.org/LIBRARY/Buchanan/buchCv7Contents.html">Archived</a> 2006-05-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Library of Economics and Liberty</li> <li>_____, 1986. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/1986/buchanan-lecture.html">"The Constitution of Economic Policy,"</a> Nobel Prize lecture, reprinted in <i>American Economic Review</i>, 77(3), p <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/pss/1804093">p. 243</a>-250.</li> <li>_____, 1987. "constitutional economics," <i>The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics</i>, v. 1, pp. 585–88.</li> <li>_____, 1990a. "The Domain of Constitutional Economics," <i>Constitutional Political Economy</i>, 1(1), pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/k256883l2167l64w/">1</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link since January 2021">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup>-18. Also at Buchanan, 1990b.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFBuchanan1991" class="citation book cs1">Buchanan, James M. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OzIQWwV54nYC"><i>The Economics and the Ethics of Constitutional Order</i></a>. University of Michigan Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-472-10222-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-472-10222-2"><bdi>0-472-10222-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Economics+and+the+Ethics+of+Constitutional+Order&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-472-10222-2&rft.aulast=Buchanan&rft.aufirst=James+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOzIQWwV54nYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AConstitutional+economics" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>_____ and Gordon Tullock, 1962. <i>The Calculus of Consent</i>. University of Michigan Press. Chapter-preview <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=skAQQU6Vc6AC&pg=PR11">links.</a></li> <li><i>Constitutional Political Economy</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.springer.com/social+sciences/political+science/journal/10602">Description</a> and abstract <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/l1v837j36347/?p=70ccf7d8297c48398f870001cc6f25d7&pi=75">links.</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link since January 2021">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></li> <li>Bruno Frey, 1997, "A Constitution for Knaves Crowds out Civic Virtues," <i>Economic Journal</i>, 107(443), p <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/pss/2957848">p. 1043</a>-1053.</li> <li>Friedrich A. Hayek, 1960. <i>The Constitution of Liberty</i>. Chicago. "The Rule of Law," ch. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chaight.com/Wk%2011%20Hayek%20-%20Rule%20of%20Law.pdf">11.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708133501/http://www.chaight.com/Wk%2011%20Hayek%20-%20Rule%20of%20Law.pdf">Archived</a> 2011-07-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>_____. <i>Law, Legislation and Liberty</i>. Chicago. 3 v.:</li></ul> <dl><dd>1973. v. 1. <i>Rules and Order</i>. Scroll down to chapter-preview <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UunDsFD25fYC">links.</a></dd> <dd>1976. v. 2. <i>The Mirage of Social Justice</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qq6p11NPdOoC">Links.</a></dd> <dd>1979. v. 3. <i>The Political Order of a Free People</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0HzIUyFkwlYC&q=law+legislation+and+liberty+hayek">Links.</a></dd></dl> <ul><li>Dennis C. Mueller, 2008. "constitutions, economic approach to,' <i>The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics</i>, 2nd Edition. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_E000212&edition=current&q=Constitutional%20economics&topicid=&result_number=8">Abstract.</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFPerssonTabellini2005" class="citation book cs1">Persson, Torsten; Tabellini, Guido Enrico (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NjCw9eSvNPMC"><i>The Economic Effects of Constitutions</i></a>. MIT Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-262-66192-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-262-66192-8"><bdi>978-0-262-66192-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Economic+Effects+of+Constitutions&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-262-66192-8&rft.aulast=Persson&rft.aufirst=Torsten&rft.au=Tabellini%2C+Guido+Enrico&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNjCw9eSvNPMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AConstitutional+economics" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Sutter, Daniel, 1995. "Constitutional Politics within the Interest-Group Model," <i>Constitutional Political Economy</i>, 6(2), p <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/nm1302p452584167/">p. 127</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130105082154/http://www.springerlink.com/content/nm1302p452584167/">Archived</a> 2013-01-05 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">Archive.today</a>-137.</li> <li>Voigt, Stefan, 1997. "Positive Constitutional Economics: A Survey," <i>Public Choice</i>, 90(1-4), p <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/pss/30024182">p. 11</a>-53.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&oldid=9931453">https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_economics&oldid=9931453</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Law" title="Category:Law">Law</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Economics" title="Category:Economics">Economics</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_links_to_other_websites" title="Category:All articles with dead links to other websites">All articles with dead links to other websites</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_links_to_other_websites_from_January_2021" title="Category:Articles with dead links to other websites from January 2021">Articles with dead links to other websites from January 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_links_to_other_websites" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead links to other websites">Articles with permanently dead links to other websites</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_archiveis_links" title="Category:Webarchive template archiveis links">Webarchive template archiveis links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last changed on 7 December 2024, at 22:08.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>; additional terms may apply. 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