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C. Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20L.%20Sharma"> P. L. Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20S.%20Chandel"> R. S. Chandel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cauliflower is an important vegetable crop grown throughout the world and is attacked by a large number of insect pests at various stages of the crop growth. Amongst them, the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is an important insect pest. Continued feeding by both nymphs and adults of this aphid causes yellowing, wilting and stunting of plants. Amongst various management practices, the use of resistant cultivars is important and can be an effective method of reducing the population of this aphid. So it is imperative to know the complete record on various biological parameters and life table on specific cultivars. The biology and life fertility of the cabbage aphid were studied on five cauliflower cultivars viz. Megha, Shweta, K-1, PSB-1 and PSBK-25 under controlled temperature conditions of 20 ± 2°C, 70 ± 5% relative humidity and 16:8 h (Light: Dark) photoperiods. For studying biology; apterous viviparous adults were picked up from the laboratory culture of all five cauliflower cultivars after rearing them at least for two generations and placed individually on the desired plants of cauliflower cultivars grown in pots with ten replicates of each. Daily record on the duration of nymphal period, adult longevity, mortality in each stage and the total number of progeny produced per female was made. This biological data were further used to construct life fertility table on each cultivar. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference ( P < 0.05) between the different growth stages and the mean number of laid nymphs. The maximum and minimum growth periods were observed on Shweta and Megha (at par with K-1) cultivars, respectively. The maximum number of nymphs were laid on Shweta cultivar (26.40 nymphs per female) and minimum on Megha (at par with K-1) cultivar (15.20 nymphs per female). The true intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was found to be maximum on Shweta (0.233 nymphs/female/day) followed by PSB K-25 (0.207 nymphs/female/day), PSB-1 (0.203 nymphs/female/day), Megha (0.166 nymphs/female/day) and K-1 (0.153 nymphs/female/day). The finite rate of natural increase (λ) was also found to be in the order: K-1 < Megha < PSB-1 < PSBK-25 < Shweta whereas the doubling time (DT) was in the order of K-1 >Megha> PSB-1 >PSBk-25> Shweta. The aphids reared on the K-1 cultivar had the lowest values of rm & λ and the highest value of DT whereas on Shweta cultivar the values of rm & λ were the highest and the lowest value of DT. So on the basis of these studies, K-1 cultivar was found to be the least suitable and the Shweta cultivar was the most suitable for the cabbage aphid population growth. Although the cauliflower cultivars used in different parts of the world may be different yet the results of the present studies indicated that the application of cultivars affecting multiplication rate and reproductive parameters could be a good solution for the management of the cabbage aphid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biology" title="biology">biology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cauliflower" title=" cauliflower"> cauliflower</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultivars" title=" cultivars"> cultivars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertility" title=" fertility"> fertility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86278/biology-and-life-fertility-of-the-cabbage-aphid-brevicoryne-brassicae-l-on-cauliflower-cultivars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Profiling of Mother Child Behaviors during Free Play: A South Indian Scenario</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayashree%20S.%20Bhat">Jayashree S. Bhat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Mohan"> Megha Mohan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Play is any activity spontaneously chosen, inherently motivated, and personally directed. There is a wide range of literature and research supporting the concept of play in promoting healthy development in young children. Modern children are experiencing nurture that has more structure and adult involvement than previous generations and free, unstructured, and child directed play is under peril. Play behaviors serve as a reflection of a child’s cultural and ethnic background and can be an index of a child’s development. The influence and impact of culture in children’s play is diverse. The culturally variable dimensions of play includes the choice of objects, the involvement of specific play partners, the amount of child initiations of social pretend play with caregivers along with its the components, and sequences and specific themes involved during play. India is a country well known for its cultural diversity. In this study, a cross sectional study design with convenient sampling was adopted. The mother child free play interaction was video clipped at their residence among typically developing children between 12 to 24 months in an urban city from South India. It was ascertained that all the children were first born and mothers were unemployed belonging to middle socioeconomic status. The video clippings were coded and analysed using SPSS software version 17. The results revealed interesting behaviors demonstrated by the mother as well as the child during the play interaction. The results high light the need for focusing on the play behaviors of children during their developmental assessment, especially so for children with challenges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title="culture">culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20play" title=" free play"> free play</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction" title=" interaction"> interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=typically%20developing" title=" typically developing"> typically developing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95593/profiling-of-mother-child-behaviors-during-free-play-a-south-indian-scenario" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> Impact of Western Music Instruments on Indian Classical Music</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hukam%20Chand">Hukam Chand</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the past few years, the performance of Indian classical music has been improved a lot due to the technical inclusion of western instruments. Infect, the Indian classical music is all about raags which portray a mood and sentiments expressed through a microtonal scale based on natural harmonic series. And, most of the western instruments are not based on natural harmonic series and the tonal system is the only system which has considerable influence on the Indian classical music. However, the use of western instruments has been growing day by day in one way or the other by the Indian artists due to their quality of harmony. As a result of which, there are some common instruments such as harmonium, violin, guitar, saxophone, synthesizer which are being used commonly by Indian and western artists. On the other hand, a lot of fusion has taken place in the music of both sides due to the similar characteristics in their instruments. For example, harmonium which was originally the western instrument has now acquired an important position in Indian classical music to perform raags. Besides, a lot of suggestions for improving in the Indian music have been given by the artists for technical modification in the western instruments to cater the needs of Indian music through melody approach. Pt. Vishav Mohan Bhatt an Indian musician has developed Mohan Veena (called guitar) to perform raags. N. Rajam the Indian lady Violinist has made a remarkable work on Indian classical music by accompanied with vocal music. The purpose of the present research paper is to highlight the changes in Indian Classical Music through performance by using modified western music instruments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indian%20classical%20music" title="Indian classical music">Indian classical music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Western%20instruments" title=" Western instruments"> Western instruments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harmonium" title=" harmonium"> harmonium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guitar" title=" guitar"> guitar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Violin%20and%20impact" title=" Violin and impact"> Violin and impact</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46996/impact-of-western-music-instruments-on-indian-classical-music" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46996.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">531</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> Modified Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Sensing of Heavy Metal Ions Pb²⁺, Hg²⁺, and Cd²⁺ in Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha">Megha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diksha"> Diksha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seema%20Rani"> Seema Rani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balwinder%20Kaur"> Balwinder Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harminder%20Kaur"> Harminder Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@SB functionalized magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized and used to detect heavy metal ions such as Pb²⁺, Hg²⁺, and Cd²⁺ in water. The formation of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@SB nanocatalyst was confirmed by XRD, SEM, TEM, and IR. The simultaneous determination of analyte cations was carried out using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). Investigation and optimisation were done to study how experimental variables affected the performance of the modified magnetic electrode. Pb²⁺, Hg²⁺, and Cd²⁺ were successfully detected using the designed sensor in the presence of various possibly interfering ions. The recovery rate was found to be 97.5% for Pb²⁺, 96.2% for Hg²⁺, 103.5% for Cd²⁺. The electrochemical sensor was also employed to determine the presence of heavy metal ions in drinking water samples, which are well below the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20nanoparticles" title="magnetic nanoparticles">magnetic nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal%20ions" title=" heavy metal ions"> heavy metal ions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20sensor" title=" electrochemical sensor"> electrochemical sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20water%20samples" title=" environmental water samples"> environmental water samples</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172188/modified-fe3o4-nanoparticles-for-electrochemical-sensing-of-heavy-metal-ions-pb2-hg2-and-cd2-in-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172188.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Toxicity of Cry1ac Bacillus thuringiensis against Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) on Artificial Diet under Laboratory Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahammal%20Hussain">Tahammal Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khuram%20Zia"> Khuram Zia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mumammad%20Jalal%20Arif"> Mumammad Jalal Arif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Parajulee"> Megha Parajulee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Hakeem"> Abdul Hakeem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Bioassay on neonate, 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) were conducted against Bacillus thuringiensis proteins Cry1Ac. Cry1Ac was incorporated into an artificial diet and was serially diluted with distilled water and then mixed with diet at an appropriate temperature of diet. Toxins incorporated prepared diet was poured into Petri-dishes. For controls, distilled water was mixed with the diet. Five toxin doses 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 ug / ml and one control were used for each instars of H. armigera 20 larvae were used in each replication and each treatment is replicated four times. LC50 of Cry1Ac against neonate, 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of H. armigera were 0.34, 0.81 and 1.46 ug / ml. So Cry1Ac is more effective against neonate larvae of H .armigera as compared to 2nd and 3rd instar larvae under laboratory conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20thuringiensis" title="B. thuringiensis">B. thuringiensis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cry1Ac" title=" Cry1Ac"> Cry1Ac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20armigera" title=" H. armigera"> H. armigera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71388/toxicity-of-cry1ac-bacillus-thuringiensis-against-helicoverpa-armigera-hubner-on-artificial-diet-under-laboratory-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71388.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">121</span> In Silico Studies on Selected Drug Targets for Combating Drug Resistance in Plasmodium Falcifarum </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepika%20Bhaskar">Deepika Bhaskar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neena%20Wadehra"> Neena Wadehra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Gulati"> Megha Gulati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aruna%20Narula"> Aruna Narula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Vishnu"> R. Vishnu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gunjan%20Katyal"> Gunjan Katyal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With drug resistance becoming widespread in Plasmodium falciparum infections, development of the alternative drugs is the desired strategy for prevention and cure of malaria. Three drug targets were selected to screen promising drug molecules from the GSK library of around 14000 molecules. Using an in silico structure-based drug designing approach, the differences in binding energies of the substrate and inhibitor were exploited between target sites of parasite and human to design a drug molecule against Plasmodium. The docking studies have shown several promising molecules from GSK library with more effective binding as compared to the already known inhibitors for the drug targets. Though stronger interaction has been shown by several molecules as compare to reference, few molecules have shown the potential as drug candidates though in vitro studies are required to validate the results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmodium" title="plasmodium">plasmodium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malaria" title=" malaria"> malaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20targets" title=" drug targets"> drug targets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20silico%20studies" title=" in silico studies"> in silico studies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24319/in-silico-studies-on-selected-drug-targets-for-combating-drug-resistance-in-plasmodium-falcifarum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">120</span> Common Orthodontic Indices and Classification in the United Kingdom</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashwini%20Mohan">Ashwini Mohan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haris%20Batley"> Haris Batley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An orthodontic index is used to rate or categorise an individual’s occlusion using a numeric or alphanumeric score. Indexing of malocclusions and their correction is important in epidemiology, diagnosis, communication between clinicians as well as their patients and assessing treatment outcomes. Many useful indices have been put forward, but to the author’s best knowledge, no one method to this day appears to be equally suitable for the use of epidemiologists, public health program planners and clinicians. This article describes the common clinical orthodontic indices and classifications used in United Kingdom. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title="classification">classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indices" title=" indices"> indices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthodontics" title=" orthodontics"> orthodontics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validity" title=" validity"> validity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152293/common-orthodontic-indices-and-classification-in-the-united-kingdom" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152293.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">119</span> Visualizing the Consequences of Smoking Using Augmented Reality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Remya%20Mohan">B. Remya Mohan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamal%20Bijlani"> Kamal Bijlani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Jayakrishnan"> R. Jayakrishnan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Visualization in an educational context provides the learner with visual means of information. Conceptualizing certain circumstances such as consequences of smoking can be done more effectively with the help of the technology, Augmented Reality (AR). It is a new methodology for effective learning. This paper proposes an approach on how AR based on Marker Technology simulates the harmful effects of smoking and its consequences using Unity 3D game engine. The study also illustrates the impact of AR technology on students for better learning. AR technology can be used as a method to improve learning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmented%20reality" title="augmented reality">augmented reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marker%20technology" title=" marker technology"> marker technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-platform" title=" multi-platform"> multi-platform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20buttons" title=" virtual buttons"> virtual buttons</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31536/visualizing-the-consequences-of-smoking-using-augmented-reality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31536.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">582</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">118</span> Laser Additive Manufacturing: A Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pranav%20Mohan%20Parki">Pranav Mohan Parki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Mallika%20Parveen"> C. Mallika Parveen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahseen%20Ahmad%20Khan"> Tahseen Ahmad Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mihika%20Shivkumar"> Mihika Shivkumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Additive manufacturing (AM) is one of the several manufacturing processes in use today. AM comprises of techniques such as ‘Selective Laser Sintering’ and ‘Selective Laser Melting’ etc. along with other equipment and materials has been developed way back in 1980s, although major use of these methods has risen during the last decade. AM seems to be the most efficient way when compared to the traditional machining procedures. Still many problems continue to hinder its progress to becoming the most widely used of all. This paper contributes to the better understanding of AM and also aims at providing viable solutions to these problems, which may further help in enabling AM to become the most flaw free production method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additive%20manufacturing%20%28AM%29" title="additive manufacturing (AM)">additive manufacturing (AM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title=" 3D printing"> 3D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prototype" title=" prototype"> prototype</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20sintering" title=" laser sintering"> laser sintering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44548/laser-additive-manufacturing-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">117</span> Voltage and Current Control of Microgrid in Grid Connected and Islanded Modes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Chavda">Megha Chavda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parth%20Thummar"> Parth Thummar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Ghetia"> Rahul Ghetia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the voltage and current control of microgrid accompanied by the synchronization of microgrid with the main utility grid in both islanded and grid-connected modes. Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) satisfy the wide-spread power demand of consumer by behaving as a micro source for a low voltage (LV) grid or microgrid. Synchronization of the microgrid with the main utility grid is done using PLL and PWM gate pulse generation technique is used for the Voltage Source Converter. Potential Function method achieves the voltage and current control of this microgrid in both islanded and grid-connected modes. A low voltage grid consisting of three distributed generators (DG) is considered for the study and is simulated in time-domain using PSCAD/EMTDC software. The simulation results depict the appropriateness of voltage and current control of microgrid and synchronization of microgrid with the medium voltage (MV) grid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microgrid" title="microgrid">microgrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20energy%20resources" title=" distributed energy resources"> distributed energy resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20and%20current%20control" title=" voltage and current control"> voltage and current control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20source%20converter" title=" voltage source converter"> voltage source converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse%20width%20modulation" title=" pulse width modulation"> pulse width modulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20locked%20loop" title=" phase locked loop"> phase locked loop</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52368/voltage-and-current-control-of-microgrid-in-grid-connected-and-islanded-modes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">116</span> Effect of Leaks in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells Tested for Durability under Co-Electrolysis Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Rao">Megha Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S%C3%B8ren%20H.%20Jensen"> Søren H. Jensen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiufu%20Sun"> Xiufu Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anke%20Hagen"> Anke Hagen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mogens%20B.%20Mogensen"> Mogens B. Mogensen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solid oxide electrolysis cells have an immense potential in converting CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O into syngas during co-electrolysis operation. The produced syngas can be further converted into hydrocarbons. This kind of technology is called power-to-gas or power-to-liquid. To produce hydrocarbons via this route, durability of the cells is still a challenge, which needs to be further investigated in order to improve the cells. In this work, various nickel-yttria stabilized zirconia (Ni-YSZ) fuel electrode supported or YSZ electrolyte supported cells, cerium gadolinium oxide (CGO) barrier layer, and an oxygen electrode are investigated for durability under co-electrolysis conditions in both galvanostatic and potentiostatic conditions. While changing the gas on the oxygen electrode, keeping the fuel electrode gas composition constant, a change in the gas concentration arc was observed by impedance spectroscopy. Measurements of open circuit potential revealed the presence of leaks in the setup. It is speculated that the change in concentration impedance may be related to the leaks. Furthermore, the cells were also tested under pressurized conditions to find an inter-play between the leak rate and the pressure. A mathematical modeling together with electrochemical and microscopy analysis is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-electrolysis" title="co-electrolysis">co-electrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaks" title=" leaks"> leaks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20concentration%20arc" title=" gas concentration arc"> gas concentration arc</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98653/effect-of-leaks-in-solid-oxide-electrolysis-cells-tested-for-durability-under-co-electrolysis-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">115</span> Comparison of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks Models for Plant Disease Identification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Gupta">Megha Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nupur%20Prakash"> Nupur Prakash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Identification of plant diseases has been performed using machine learning and deep learning models on the datasets containing images of healthy and diseased plant leaves. The current study carries out an evaluation of some of the deep learning models based on convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures for identification of plant diseases. For this purpose, the publicly available New Plant Diseases Dataset, an augmented version of PlantVillage dataset, available on Kaggle platform, containing 87,900 images has been used. The dataset contained images of 26 diseases of 14 different plants and images of 12 healthy plants. The CNN models selected for the study presented in this paper are AlexNet, ZFNet, VGGNet (four models), GoogLeNet, and ResNet (three models). The selected models are trained using PyTorch, an open-source machine learning library, on Google Colaboratory. A comparative study has been carried out to analyze the high degree of accuracy achieved using these models. The highest test accuracy and F1-score of 99.59% and 0.996, respectively, were achieved by using GoogLeNet with Mini-batch momentum based gradient descent learning algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative%20analysis" title="comparative analysis">comparative analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convolutional%20neural%20networks" title=" convolutional neural networks"> convolutional neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20disease%20identification" title=" plant disease identification"> plant disease identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138543/comparison-of-deep-convolutional-neural-networks-models-for-plant-disease-identification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138543.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">203</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">114</span> Evaluation of Two DNA Vaccine Constructs in Labeo rohita against Edwardsiella tarda</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranjeeta%20Kumari">Ranjeeta Kumari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Makesh%20M"> Makesh M</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gayatri%20Tripathi"> Gayatri Tripathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K%20V%20Rajendran"> K V Rajendran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Bedekar"> Megha Bedekar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A comparative study on DNA immunization with recombinant glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) construct of Edwardsiella tarda (pGPD group) and a bicistronic construct expressing GAPDH plus IFN-γ of Labeo rohita as adjuvant (pGPD+IFN group) was undertaken in Labeo rohita along with the control animals. Successful co-expression of two genes that is GAPDH and IFN-γ was confirmed in SSN-1 cells line by RT-qPCR and western blot. The protective immune response of host to DNA vaccine construct was determined by RPS and specific antibody production. Fishes immunized with plasmids via intramuscular injection (I/M) exhibited a considerable relative percentage survivability of 66.66% in pGPD+IFN immunized group and 53.34% in pGPD immunized group after challenge with E. tarda. Antibody response was also significantly high in pGPD+IFN group at all time points under study. This was analysed by competitive ELISA, using anti GAPDH monoclonal antibodies. The experiment revealed that the GAPDH gene of E. tarda is one of the ideal candidates for generating protective immune response in L. rohita. Further addition of Interferon gamma to DNA vaccine construct can enhance the immune response in host. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20vaccine" title="DNA vaccine">DNA vaccine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edwardsiella%20tarda" title=" Edwardsiella tarda"> Edwardsiella tarda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Labeo%20rohita" title=" Labeo rohita"> Labeo rohita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zoonosis" title=" zoonosis"> zoonosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immune%20response" title=" immune response"> immune response</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80962/evaluation-of-two-dna-vaccine-constructs-in-labeo-rohita-against-edwardsiella-tarda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">113</span> Phytochemical Screening of Roots of Peltophorum pterocarpum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vidyadhar%20Suram">Vidyadhar Suram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Chamundeeswari"> D. Chamundeeswari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umamaheswara%20Rao"> Umamaheswara Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krishna%20Mohan%20Chinnala"> Krishna Mohan Chinnala </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Peltophorum pterocarpum known as copper pod belongs to the family Fabaceae, native to tropical south-eastern asia and a popularly ornamental tree grown around the world. In traditional medicine it is used as an astringent to cure or relieve intestinal disorders after pain at childbirth, sprains, bruises and swelling or as a lotion for eye troubles, muscular pains and sores. It is also used for gargles and tooth powders. Medcinally; it has proven to possess various pharmacological activities. The powdered root part of Peltophorum pterocarpum (250gr) were extracted exhaustively using different solvents and phytochemical investigations has shown the presence of various secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavanoids, tannins, saponins, proteins, glycosides, steriods, and volatile. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterialactivity" title="antibacterialactivity">antibacterialactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fabaceae" title=" fabaceae"> fabaceae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peltophorum%20pterocarpum" title=" peltophorum pterocarpum"> peltophorum pterocarpum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isocoumari" title=" isocoumari"> isocoumari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkaloids" title=" alkaloids"> alkaloids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13914/phytochemical-screening-of-roots-of-peltophorum-pterocarpum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">112</span> Copper Oxide Doped Carbon Catalyst for Anodic Half-Cell of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irshad%20U.%20Khan">Irshad U. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanmay%20Paul"> Tanmay Paul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murali%20Mohan%20Seepana"> Murali Mohan Seepana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a study on synthesizing and characterizing a Copper oxide doped Carbon (CuO-C) electrocatalyst for the negative half-cell reactions of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB). The CuO was synthesized using a microreactor. The electrocatalyst was characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical performance was assessed by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The findings suggest that the synthesized CuO exhibited favorable crystallinity, morphology, and surface area, which reflects improved cell performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ECSA" title="ECSA">ECSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocatalyst" title=" electrocatalyst"> electrocatalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage" title=" energy storage"> energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tafel" title=" Tafel"> Tafel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167257/copper-oxide-doped-carbon-catalyst-for-anodic-half-cell-of-vanadium-redox-flow-battery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">111</span> Review of Suitable Advanced Oxidation Processes for Degradation of Organic Compounds in Produced Water during Enhanced Oil Recovery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smita%20Krishnan">Smita Krishnan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krittika%20Chandran"> Krittika Chandran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandra%20Mohan%20Sinnathambi"> Chandra Mohan Sinnathambi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Produced water and its treatment and management are growing challenges in all producing regions. This water is generally considered as a nonrevenue product, but it can have significant value in enhanced oil recovery techniques if it meets the required quality standards. There is also an interest in the beneficial uses of produced water for agricultural and industrial applications. Advanced Oxidation Process is a chemical technology that has been growing recently in the wastewater treatment industry, and it is highly recommended for non-easily removal of organic compounds. The efficiency of AOPs is compound specific, therefore, the optimization of each process should be done based on different aspects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advanced%20oxidation%20process" title="advanced oxidation process">advanced oxidation process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photochemical%20processes" title=" photochemical processes"> photochemical processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degradation" title=" degradation"> degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20contaminants" title=" organic contaminants"> organic contaminants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19348/review-of-suitable-advanced-oxidation-processes-for-degradation-of-organic-compounds-in-produced-water-during-enhanced-oil-recovery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19348.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">514</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">110</span> An Empirical Evaluation of Performance of Machine Learning Techniques on Imbalanced Software Quality Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruchika%20Malhotra">Ruchika Malhotra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Khanna"> Megha Khanna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of change prediction models can help the software practitioners in planning testing and inspection resources at early phases of software development. However, a major challenge faced during the training process of any classification model is the imbalanced nature of the software quality data. A data with very few minority outcome categories leads to inefficient learning process and a classification model developed from the imbalanced data generally does not predict these minority categories correctly. Thus, for a given dataset, a minority of classes may be change prone whereas a majority of classes may be non-change prone. This study explores various alternatives for adeptly handling the imbalanced software quality data using different sampling methods and effective MetaCost learners. The study also analyzes and justifies the use of different performance metrics while dealing with the imbalanced data. In order to empirically validate different alternatives, the study uses change data from three application packages of open-source Android data set and evaluates the performance of six different machine learning techniques. The results of the study indicate extensive improvement in the performance of the classification models when using resampling method and robust performance measures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=change%20proneness" title="change proneness">change proneness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20validation" title=" empirical validation"> empirical validation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imbalanced%20learning" title=" imbalanced learning"> imbalanced learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning%20techniques" title=" machine learning techniques"> machine learning techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object-oriented%20metrics" title=" object-oriented metrics"> object-oriented metrics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41990/an-empirical-evaluation-of-performance-of-machine-learning-techniques-on-imbalanced-software-quality-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">109</span> An Approach for Reducing Morphological Operator Dataset and Recognize Optical Character Based on Significant Features</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashis%20Pradhan">Ashis Pradhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohan%20P.%20Pradhan"> Mohan P. Pradhan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pattern Matching is useful for recognizing character in a digital image. OCR is one such technique which reads character from a digital image and recognizes them. Line segmentation is initially used for identifying character in an image and later refined by morphological operations like binarization, erosion, thinning, etc. The work discusses a recognition technique that defines a set of morphological operators based on its orientation in a character. These operators are further categorized into groups having similar shape but different orientation for efficient utilization of memory. Finally the characters are recognized in accordance with the occurrence of frequency in hierarchy of significant pattern of those morphological operators and by comparing them with the existing database of each character. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20image" title="binary image">binary image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphological%20patterns" title=" morphological patterns"> morphological patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20count" title=" frequency count"> frequency count</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=priority" title=" priority"> priority</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduction%20data%20set%20and%20recognition" title=" reduction data set and recognition"> reduction data set and recognition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30867/an-approach-for-reducing-morphological-operator-dataset-and-recognize-optical-character-based-on-significant-features" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30867.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">108</span> Analysis of Slip Flow Heat Transfer between Asymmetrically Heated Parallel Plates </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hari%20Mohan%20Kushwaha">Hari Mohan Kushwaha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santosh%20Kumar%20Sahu"> Santosh Kumar Sahu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, analysis of heat transfer is carried out in the slip flow region for the fluid flowing between two parallel plates by employing the asymmetric heat fluxes at surface of the plates. The flow is assumed to be hydrodynamically and thermally fully developed for the analysis. The second order velocity slip and viscous dissipation effects are considered for the analysis. Closed form expressions are obtained for the Nusselt number as a function of Knudsen number and modified Brinkman number. The limiting condition of the present prediction for Kn = 0, Kn2 = 0, and Brq1 = 0 is considered and found to agree well with other analytical results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Knudsen%20number" title="Knudsen number">Knudsen number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20Brinkman%20number" title=" modified Brinkman number"> modified Brinkman number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slip%20flow" title=" slip flow"> slip flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20slip" title=" velocity slip"> velocity slip</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17458/analysis-of-slip-flow-heat-transfer-between-asymmetrically-heated-parallel-plates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17458.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">107</span> Entrepreneurship and the Discovery and Exploitation of Business Opportunities: Empirical Evidence from the Malawian Tourism Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aravind%20Mohan%20Krishnan">Aravind Mohan Krishnan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper identifies a research gap in the literature on tourism entrepreneurship in Malawi, Africa, and investigates how entrepreneurs from the Malawian tourism sector discover and exploit business opportunities. In particular, the importance of prior experience and business networks in the opportunity development process is debated. Another area of empirical research examined here is the opportunity recognition-venture creation sequence. While Malawi presents fruitful business opportunities, exploiting these opportunities into fully realized business ideas is a real challenge due to the country’s difficult business environment and poor promotional and marketing efforts. The study concludes by calling for further research in Sub-Saharan Africa in order to develop our understanding of entrepreneurship in this (African) context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title="entrepreneurship">entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malawi" title=" Malawi"> Malawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opportunities" title=" opportunities"> opportunities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47043/entrepreneurship-and-the-discovery-and-exploitation-of-business-opportunities-empirical-evidence-from-the-malawian-tourism-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47043.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">106</span> A Parametric Study on Effects of Internal Factors on Carbonation of Reinforced Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kunal%20Tongaria">Kunal Tongaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhishek%20Mangal"> Abhishek Mangal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mandal"> S. Mandal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Devendra%20Mohan"> Devendra Mohan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The carbonation of concrete is a phenomenon which is a function of various interdependent parameters. Therefore, in spite of numerous literature and database, the useful generalization is not an easy task. These interdependent parameters can be grouped under the category of internal and external factors. This paper focuses on the internal parameters which govern and increase the probability of the ingress of deleterious substances into concrete. The mechanism of effects of internal parameters such as microstructure for with and without supplementary cementing materials (SCM), water/binder ratio, the age of concrete etc. has been discussed. This is followed by the comparison of various proposed mathematical models for the deterioration of concrete. Based on existing laboratory experiments as well as field results, this paper concludes the present understanding of mechanism, modeling and future research needs in this field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbonation" title="carbonation">carbonation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20coefficient" title=" diffusion coefficient"> diffusion coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure%20of%20concrete" title=" microstructure of concrete"> microstructure of concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete" title=" reinforced concrete"> reinforced concrete</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57694/a-parametric-study-on-effects-of-internal-factors-on-carbonation-of-reinforced-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57694.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">105</span> Biocompatibility and Sensing Ability of Highly Luminescent Synthesized Core-Shell Quantum Dots</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohan%20Singh%20%20Mehata">Mohan Singh Mehata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Ratnesh"> R. K. Ratnesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> CdSe, CdSe/ZnS, and CdSe/CdS core-shell quantum dots (QDs) of 3-4 nm were developed by using chemical route and following successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) methods. The prepared QDs have been examined by using X-ray diffraction, high-resolution electron microscopy and optical spectroscopy. The photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY) of core-shell QDs increases with respect to the core, indicating that the radiative rate increases by the formation of shell around core, as evident by the measurement of PL lifetime. Further, the PL of bovine serum albumin is quenched strongly by the presence of core-shall QDs and follow the Stern-Volmer (S-V) relation, whereas the lifetime does not follow the S-V relation, demonstrating that the observed quenching is predominantly static in nature. Among all the QDs, the CdSe/ZnS QDs shows the least cytotoxicity hence most biocompatibility. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocompatibility" title="biocompatibility">biocompatibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=core-shell%20quantum%20dots" title=" core-shell quantum dots"> core-shell quantum dots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoluminescence%20and%20lifetime" title=" photoluminescence and lifetime"> photoluminescence and lifetime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensing%20ability" title=" sensing ability"> sensing ability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56638/biocompatibility-and-sensing-ability-of-highly-luminescent-synthesized-core-shell-quantum-dots" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56638.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">104</span> Earnings vs Cash Flows: The Valuation Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Agarwal">Megha Agarwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research paper is an effort to compare the earnings based and cash flow based methods of valuation of an enterprise. The theoretically equivalent methods based on either earnings such as Residual Earnings Model (REM), Abnormal Earnings Growth Model (AEGM), Residual Operating Income Method (ReOIM), Abnormal Operating Income Growth Model (AOIGM) and its extensions multipliers such as price/earnings ratio, price/book value ratio; or cash flow based models such as Dividend Valuation Method (DVM) and Free Cash Flow Method (FCFM) all provide different estimates of valuation of the Indian giant corporate Reliance India Limited (RIL). An ex-post analysis of published accounting and financial data for four financial years from 2008-09 to 2011-12 has been conducted. A comparison of these valuation estimates with the actual market capitalization of the company shows that the complex accounting based model AOIGM provides closest forecasts. These different estimates may be derived due to inconsistencies in discount rate, growth rates and the other forecasted variables. Although inputs for earnings based models may be available to the investor and analysts through published statements, precise estimation of free cash flows may be better undertaken by the internal management. The estimation of value from more stable parameters as residual operating income and RNOA could be considered superior to the valuations from more volatile return on equity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earnings" title="earnings">earnings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cash%20flows" title=" cash flows"> cash flows</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valuation" title=" valuation"> valuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Residual%20Earnings%20Model%20%28REM%29" title=" Residual Earnings Model (REM)"> Residual Earnings Model (REM)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11464/earnings-vs-cash-flows-the-valuation-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">103</span> Modelling the Effects of External Factors Affecting Concrete Carbonation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhishek%20Mangal">Abhishek Mangal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kunal%20Tongaria"> Kunal Tongaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mandal"> S. Mandal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Devendra%20Mohan"> Devendra Mohan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Carbonation of reinforced concrete structures has emerged as one of the major challenges for Civil engineers across the world. With increasing emissions from various activities, carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has been eve rising, enhancing its penetration in porous concrete, reaching steel bars and ultimately leading to premature failure. Several literatures have been published dealing with the various interdependent variables related to carbonation. However, with innumerable variability a generalization of these data proves to be a troublesome task. This paper looks into this carbonation anomaly in concrete structures caused by various external variables such as relative humidity, concentration of CO2, curing period and ambient temperature. Significant discussions and comparisons have been presented on the basis of various studies conducted with an aim to predict the depth of carbonation as a function of these multidimensional parameters using various numerical and statistical modelling techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbonation" title="carbonation">carbonation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curing" title=" curing"> curing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exposure%20conditions" title=" exposure conditions"> exposure conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20humidity" title=" relative humidity"> relative humidity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57691/modelling-the-effects-of-external-factors-affecting-concrete-carbonation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57691.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">102</span> Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Reservoir for Dwell Time Prediction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nitin%20Dewangan">Nitin Dewangan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nitin%20Kattula"> Nitin Kattula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Anawat"> Megha Anawat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydraulic reservoir is the key component in the mobile construction vehicles; most of the off-road earth moving construction machinery requires bigger side hydraulic reservoirs. Their reservoir construction is very much non-uniform and designers used such design to utilize the space available under the vehicle. There is no way to find out the space utilization of the reservoir by oil and validity of design except virtual simulation. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) helps to predict the reservoir space utilization by vortex mapping, path line plots and dwell time prediction to make sure the design is valid and efficient for the vehicle. The dwell time acceptance criteria for effective reservoir design is 15 seconds. The paper will describe the hydraulic reservoir simulation which is carried out using CFD tool acuSolve using automated mesh strategy. The free surface flow and moving reference mesh is used to define the oil flow level inside the reservoir. The first baseline design is not able to meet the acceptance criteria, i.e., dwell time below 15 seconds because the oil entry and exit ports were very close. CFD is used to redefine the port locations for the reservoir so that oil dwell time increases in the reservoir. CFD also proposed baffle design the effective space utilization. The final design proposed through CFD analysis is used for physical validation on the machine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reservoir" title="reservoir">reservoir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence%20model" title=" turbulence model"> turbulence model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transient%20model" title=" transient model"> transient model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20set" title=" level set"> level set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free-surface%20flow" title=" free-surface flow"> free-surface flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moving%20frame%20of%20reference" title=" moving frame of reference "> moving frame of reference </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111068/computational-fluid-dynamics-simulation-of-reservoir-for-dwell-time-prediction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">101</span> A Review on the Use of Plastic Waste with Viable Materials in Composite Construction Block</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohan%20T.%20Harish">Mohan T. Harish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masson%20Lauriane"> Masson Lauriane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sreevalsa%20Kolathayar"> Sreevalsa Kolathayar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environmental issues raise alarm in the constructional field which implies a need for exploring new construction materials derived from the waste and residual products. This paper presents a detailed review of the alternatives approaches employed in the construction field using plastic waste in mixture with mixed with fillers. A detailed analysis of the plastic waste used in concrete, with soil, sand, clay and natural residues like sawdust, rice husk etc are presented. The different process carried forward was also discussed along with the scrutiny of the change in mechanical properties. The effect of coupling agents in the proposed mixture has been appraised in detail which gives implications for its future application in the field of plastic waste with viable materials in composite construction blocks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20waste" title="plastic waste">plastic waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20materials" title=" composite materials"> composite materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20block" title=" construction block"> construction block</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20residue" title=" natural residue"> natural residue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupling%20agent" title=" coupling agent"> coupling agent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75029/a-review-on-the-use-of-plastic-waste-with-viable-materials-in-composite-construction-block" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">100</span> Structure and Morphology of Electrodeposited Nickel Nanowires at an Electrode Distance of 20mm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahendran%20Samykano">Mahendran Samykano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ram%20Mohan"> Ram Mohan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shyam%20Aravamudhan"> Shyam Aravamudhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this work is to study the effect of two key factors-external magnetic field and applied current density during the template-based electrodeposition of nickel nanowires using an electrode distance of 20 mm. Morphology, length, crystallite size, and crystallographic characterization of the grown nickel nanowires at an electrode distance of 20mm are presented. For this electrode distance of 20 mm, these two key electrodeposition factors when coupled was found to reduce crystallite size with a higher growth length and preferred orientation of Ni crystals. These observed changes can be inferred to be due to coupled interaction forces induced by the intensity of applied electric field (current density) and external magnetic field known as magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect during the electrodeposition process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anodic%20alumina%20oxide" title="anodic alumina oxide">anodic alumina oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrodeposition" title=" electrodeposition"> electrodeposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanowires" title=" nanowires"> nanowires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel" title=" nickel "> nickel </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23704/structure-and-morphology-of-electrodeposited-nickel-nanowires-at-an-electrode-distance-of-20mm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">99</span> A Clinical Study of Correlation between Pterygium and Dry Eye</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Ramnik%20Kotecha">Megha Ramnik Kotecha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To study whether there is any clinical correlation between pterygium and dry eye and to evaluate the status of tear film in patients with pterygium. Methods: 100 eyes with pterygium were compared with 100 control eyes without pterygium. Patients between 20 – 70 years were included in the study. Detailed history was taken and Schirmer’s test and TBUT were performed on all to evaluate the status of dry eye. Schirmer’s test ˂10 mm and TBUT ˂10 seconds was considered abnormal. Results: Maximum number (52) of patients affected with dry eye in both the groups were in the age group 31-40 years which statistically showed age as a significant factor of association for both pterygium and dry eye (P<0.01).Schirmer’s test was slightly reduced in patients with pterygium(18.73±5.69 mm). TBUT was significantly reduced in the case group (12.26±2.24sec).TBUT decreased maximally in 51-60 yrs age group (13.00±2.77sec) with pterygium showing a tear film unstability. On comparision of pterygia and controls with normal and abnormal tear film, Odd’s Ratio was 1.14 showing risk of dry eye in pterygia patients to be 1.14 times higher than controls. Conclusion: Whether tear dysfunction is a precursor to pterygium growth or pterygium causes tear dysfunction is still not clear. Research and clinical evidence, however, suggest that there is a relationship between the two. This study is, therefore, undertaken to investigate the correlation between pterygium and dry eye. The patients with pterygia were compared with normals to evaluate their status regarding dryness. A close relationship exists between ocular irritation symptoms and functional evidence of tear instability. Schirmer’s test and TBUT should routinely be used in the outpatient department to diagnose dry eye in patients with pterygium and these patients should be promptly treated to prevent any sight threatening complications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dry%20eye" title="dry eye">dry eye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pterygium" title=" pterygium"> pterygium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schirmer%27s%20test" title=" Schirmer's test"> Schirmer's test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tear%20break%20up%20time%20%28TBUT%29" title=" tear break up time (TBUT)"> tear break up time (TBUT)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50888/a-clinical-study-of-correlation-between-pterygium-and-dry-eye" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50888.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">98</span> Environmental Protection and Natural Resources Management, and Organic Farming in Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Raj%20Regmi">Megha Raj Regmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nepalese topography has the largest variations in altitude in the world, ranging from 60 metre to 8848 metre above the mean sea level, Nepal is endowed with second position in water resources in the world, and is comprised of more than 6,000 rivers and rivulets, however, it faces serious water crunch and water pollution : deterioration of ecosystem. Due to climate change reasons, in all the places of Nepal ground water table has been substantially depleted and with its impact many people are suffering seriously to fetch water for daily use. This research work basically deals with twenty-two biogas toilets constructed in peri-urban areas of Nepal in two research centres for organic agriculture. The work has used appropriate technology and studied their performances in the context of Nepal, based on the regular monitoring. The work found that the biogas energy producing toilet have a clear advantage in the gas recovery for domestic purpose and a sustainable mitigation measure for climate change and organic farming. This paper describes the climate change issues of Nepal; similarly it deals with the potential threats of climate change to water supply, agriculture, food security, temperature increase, and adaptation measures. This paper also deals in depth analysis of the different types of successful biogas energy production technology, organic farming, sustainable sanitation and health aspects from the twenty two biogas energy units constructed in different altitudes of Nepal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20protection" title="environmental protection">environmental protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass%20energy" title=" biomass energy"> biomass energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20farming" title=" organic farming"> organic farming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195874/environmental-protection-and-natural-resources-management-and-organic-farming-in-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195874.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">21</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">97</span> Application of Lean Manufacturing in Brake Shoe Manufacturing Plant: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anees%20K.%20Ahamed">Anees K. Ahamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aakash%20Kumar%20R.%20G."> Aakash Kumar R. G.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raj%20M.%20Mohan"> Raj M. Mohan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective is to apply lean tools to identify and eliminate waste in and among the work stations so as to improve the process speed and quality. From the top seven wastes in the lean concept, we consider the movement of materials, defects, and inventory for the improvement since these cause the major impact on the performance measures. The layout was improved to reduce the movement of materials. It also quantifies the reduction in movement among the work stations. Value stream mapping has been used for identification of waste. Cause and effect diagram and 5W analysis are used to identify the reasons for defects and to provide the counter measures. Some cycle time reduction techniques also proposed to improve the productivity. Lean Audit check sheet was also used to identify the current position of the industry and to identify the gap to make the industry Lean. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cause%20and%20effect%20diagram" title="cause and effect diagram">cause and effect diagram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cycle%20time%20reduction" title=" cycle time reduction"> cycle time reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defects" title=" defects"> defects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lean" title=" lean"> lean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20reduction" title=" waste reduction"> waste reduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59590/application-of-lean-manufacturing-in-brake-shoe-manufacturing-plant-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59590.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Mohan&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Mohan&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Mohan&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Mohan&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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