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Burke–Fisher error repair - Wikipedia

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decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>is an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan" title="Wikipedia:Orphan">orphan</a>, as no other articles <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&amp;target=Burke%E2%80%93Fisher_error_repair&amp;namespace=0">link to it</a></b>. Please <a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">introduce links</a> to this page from <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&amp;redirs=1&amp;search=Burke%E2%80%93Fisher+error+repair&amp;fulltext=Search&amp;ns0=1&amp;title=Special%3ASearch&amp;advanced=1&amp;fulltext=Burke%E2%80%93Fisher+error+repair">related articles</a></span>; try the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Burke%E2%80%93Fisher_error_repair">Find link tool</a> for suggestions. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Burke–Fisher error repair</b> is a technique used in <a href="/wiki/Compilers" class="mw-redirect" title="Compilers">compilers</a> of <a href="/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">computer</a> <a href="/wiki/Programming_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Programming languages">programming languages</a> to enhance error feedback to the <a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">programmer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Burke%E2%80%93Fisher_error_repair&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When a compiler encounters an error when parsing a computer program it may be the first error of many. Hence it is better for the compiler to continue parsing, and output all errors it finds, rather than report one error and halt.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Burke–Fisher error repair attempts to continue parsing by 'backing up' to 'k' parse tokens before the error point, and attempting to substitute all possible tokens into all positions from that point to the point where the error was detected. This procedure is adopted because the point at which an error is detected may not be the point of the actual input error. For instance, the string 'Look up below' might be detected as invalid when 'below' is encountered, but the true error might be that 'up' has been written where 'down' was intended.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>If 'k' is set to '4' and an error is encountered 100 tokens into the program, the compiler will attempt to substitute all possible strings of tokens between points 96 and 100 tokens into the program. If it finds some combination that parses without error and allows it to continue it will do so, reporting other errors as it goes. Usually the compiler will not produce a compiled program even if it manages to parse the entire input text after 'fixing' an error, as the newly 'fixed' program may not be what the programmer intended. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Burke%E2%80%93Fisher_error_repair&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDain" class="citation journal cs1">Dain, J.A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/report/pdfs/cs-rr-215.pdf">"A Practical Minimum Distance Method for Syntax Error Handling"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> &#8211; via University of Warwick Department of Computer Science.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=A+Practical+Minimum+Distance+Method+for+Syntax+Error+Handling&amp;rft.aulast=Dain&amp;rft.aufirst=J.A.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dcs.warwick.ac.uk%2Freport%2Fpdfs%2Fcs-rr-215.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABurke%E2%80%93Fisher+error+repair" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#124;journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlwabel2021" class="citation journal cs1">Alwabel, Abdulelah (2021-03-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jksuci.2021.02.010">"CoEdit: A novel error correction mechanism in compilers using spelling correction algorithms"</a>. <i>Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences</i>. <b>34</b> (10): 8490–8500. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jksuci.2021.02.010">10.1016/j.jksuci.2021.02.010</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1319-1578">1319-1578</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:233798999">233798999</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+King+Saud+University+-+Computer+and+Information+Sciences&amp;rft.atitle=CoEdit%3A+A+novel+error+correction+mechanism+in+compilers+using+spelling+correction+algorithms&amp;rft.volume=34&amp;rft.issue=10&amp;rft.pages=8490-8500&amp;rft.date=2021-03-04&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A233798999%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft.issn=1319-1578&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jksuci.2021.02.010&amp;rft.aulast=Alwabel&amp;rft.aufirst=Abdulelah&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.jksuci.2021.02.010&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABurke%E2%80%93Fisher+error+repair" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAppel2004" class="citation book cs1">Appel, Andrew W. 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