CINXE.COM
Disease overarching mechanisms that explain and predict outcome of patients with high cardiovascular risk: rationale and design of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) study | medRxiv
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <head prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns# article: http://ogp.me/ns/article# book: http://ogp.me/ns/book#" > <!--[if IE]><![endif]--> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//d33xdlntwy0kbs.cloudfront.net" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//cdn.jsdelivr.net" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//www.google.com" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//scholar.google.com" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//www.googletagmanager.com" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//rum-static.pingdom.net" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/images/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta name="type" content="article" /> <meta name="category" content="other" /> <meta name="HW.identifier" content="/medrxiv/early/2019/06/25/19000380.atom" /> <meta name="HW.pisa" content="medrxiv;19000380v1" /> <meta name="DC.Format" content="text/html" /> <meta name="DC.Language" content="en" /> <meta name="DC.Title" content="Disease overarching mechanisms that explain and predict outcome of patients with high cardiovascular risk: rationale and design of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) study" /> <meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.1101/19000380" /> <meta name="DC.Date" content="2019-06-25" /> <meta name="DC.Publisher" content="Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press" /> <meta name="DC.Rights" content="漏 2019, Posted by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. This pre-print is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International), CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" /> <meta name="DC.AccessRights" content="restricted" /> <meta name="DC.Description" content="Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of premature death worldwide. Effective and individualized treatment requires exact knowledge about both risk factors and risk estimation. Most evidence for risk prediction currently comes from population-based studies on first incident cardiovascular events. In contrast, little is known about the relevance of risk factors for the outcome of patients with established CVD or those who are at high risk of CVD, including patients with type 2 diabetes. In addition, most studies focus on individual diseases, whereas less is known about disease overarching risk factors and cross-over risk. Aim: The aim of BeLOVE is to improve short- and long-term prediction and mechanistic understanding of cardiovascular disease progression and outcomes in very high-risk patients, both in the acute as well as in the chronic phase, in order to provide the basis for improved, individualized management. Study design: BeLOVE is an observational prospective cohort study of patients of both sexes aged >18 in selected Berlin hospitals, who have a high risk of future cardiovascular events, including patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute stroke (AS), acute heart failure (AHF), acute kidney injury (AKI) or type 2 diabetes with manifest target-organ damage. BeLOVE includes 2 subcohorts: The acute subcohort includes 6500 patients with ACS, AS, AHF, or AKI within 2-8 days after their qualifying event, who undergo a structured interview about medical history as well as blood sample collection. The chronic subcohort includes 6000 patients with ACS, AS, AHF, or AKI 90 days after event, and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and target-organ damage. These patients undergo a 6-8 hour deep phenotyping program, including detailed clinical phenotyping from a cardiological, neurological and metabolic perspective, questionnaires including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)as well as magnetic resonance imaging. Several biological samples are collected (i.e. blood, urine, saliva, stool) with blood samples collected in a fasting state, as well as after a metabolic challenge (either nutritional or cardiopulmonary exercise stress test). Ascertainment of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) will be performed in all patients using a combination of active and passive follow-up procedures, such as on-site visits (if applicable), telephone interviews, review of medical charts, and links to local health authorities. Additional phenotyping visits are planned at 2, 5 and 10 years after inclusion into the chronic subcohort. Future perspective: BeLOVE provides a unique opportunity to study both the short- and long-term disease course of patients at high cardiovascular risk through innovative and extensive deep phenotyping. Moreover, the unique study design provides opportunities for acute and post-acute inclusion and allows us to derive two non-nested yet overlapping sub-cohorts, tailored for upcoming research questions. Thereby, we aim to study disease-overarching research questions, to understand crossover risk, and to find similarities and differences between clinical phenotypes of patients at high cardiovascular risk. ### Competing Interest Statement to be provided ### Clinical Trial German Clinical Trials Registry DRKS00016852 ### Funding Statement The costs related to study management, data collection, and biobanking are funded by the Berlin Institute of Health, which was founded by the Charit? ? Universit?tsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbr?ck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC). ### Author Declarations All relevant ethical guidelines have been followed and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived. Yes Any clinical trials involved have been registered with an ICMJE-approved registry such as ClinicalTrials.gov and the trial ID is included in the manuscript. Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant Equator, ICMJE or other checklist(s) as supplementary files, if applicable. NA NA" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Bob Siegerink" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Joachim Weber" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Michael Ahmadi" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Kai-Uwe Eckardt" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Frank Edelmann" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Matthias Endres" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Holger Gerhardt" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Kathrin Haubold" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Norbert H眉bner" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Ulf Landmesser" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="David Leistner" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Knut Mai" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Dominik N M眉ller" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Burkert Pieske" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Geraldine Rauch" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Sein Schmidt" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Kai Schmidt-Ott" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Jeanette Schulz-Menger" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Joachim Spranger" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Tobias Pischon" /> <meta name="article:published_time" content="2019-06-25" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Disease overarching mechanisms that explain and predict outcome of patients with high cardiovascular risk: rationale and design of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) study" /> <meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="<p>Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of premature death worldwide. Effective and individualized treatment requires exact knowledge about both risk factors and risk estimation. Most evidence for risk prediction currently comes from population-based studies on first incident cardiovascular events. In contrast, little is known about the relevance of risk factors for the outcome of patients with established CVD or those who are at high risk of CVD, including patients with type 2 diabetes. In addition, most studies focus on individual diseases, whereas less is known about disease overarching risk factors and cross-over risk. Aim: The aim of BeLOVE is to improve short- and long-term prediction and mechanistic understanding of cardiovascular disease progression and outcomes in very high-risk patients, both in the acute as well as in the chronic phase, in order to provide the basis for improved, individualized management. Study design: BeLOVE is an observational prospective cohort study of patients of both sexes aged &gt;18 in selected Berlin hospitals, who have a high risk of future cardiovascular events, including patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute stroke (AS), acute heart failure (AHF), acute kidney injury (AKI) or type 2 diabetes with manifest target-organ damage. BeLOVE includes 2 subcohorts: The acute subcohort includes 6500 patients with ACS, AS, AHF, or AKI within 2-8 days after their qualifying event, who undergo a structured interview about medical history as well as blood sample collection. The chronic subcohort includes 6000 patients with ACS, AS, AHF, or AKI 90 days after event, and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and target-organ damage. These patients undergo a 6-8 hour deep phenotyping program, including detailed clinical phenotyping from a cardiological, neurological and metabolic perspective, questionnaires including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)as well as magnetic resonance imaging. Several biological samples are collected (i.e. blood, urine, saliva, stool) with blood samples collected in a fasting state, as well as after a metabolic challenge (either nutritional or cardiopulmonary exercise stress test). Ascertainment of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) will be performed in all patients using a combination of active and passive follow-up procedures, such as on-site visits (if applicable), telephone interviews, review of medical charts, and links to local health authorities. Additional phenotyping visits are planned at 2, 5 and 10 years after inclusion into the chronic subcohort. Future perspective: BeLOVE provides a unique opportunity to study both the short- and long-term disease course of patients at high cardiovascular risk through innovative and extensive deep phenotyping. Moreover, the unique study design provides opportunities for acute and post-acute inclusion and allows us to derive two non-nested yet overlapping sub-cohorts, tailored for upcoming research questions. Thereby, we aim to study disease-overarching research questions, to understand crossover risk, and to find similarities and differences between clinical phenotypes of patients at high cardiovascular risk.</p>" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="medRxiv" /> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2019/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_mjid" content="medrxiv;19000380v1" /> <meta name="citation_id" content="19000380v1" /> <meta name="citation_public_url" content="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1" /> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1.abstract" /> <meta name="citation_full_html_url" content="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1.full" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2019/06/25/19000380.full.pdf" /> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1101/19000380" /> <meta name="citation_article_type" content="Other" /> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="19000380" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Bob Siegerink" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_email" content="bob.siegerink@charite.de" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8454-9142" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Joachim Weber" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1666-6021" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Michael Ahmadi" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7025-3167" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Kai-Uwe Eckardt" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-4371" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Frank Edelmann" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4638-8664" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Matthias Endres" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin;" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Holger Gerhardt" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & , Max-Delbr盲ck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3030-0384" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Kathrin Haubold" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Norbert H眉bner" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Max Delbr眉ck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & Berlin Institute of H;" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Ulf Landmesser" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0214-3203" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="David Leistner" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4351-420X" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Knut Mai" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany & Charit茅-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0126-3155" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Dominik N M眉ller" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Berlin Germany & Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Asso;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3650-5644" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Burkert Pieske" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin;" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Geraldine Rauch" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-1660" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Sein Schmidt" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6698-5717" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Kai Schmidt-Ott" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7700-7142" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Jeanette Schulz-Menger" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3100-1092" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Joachim Spranger" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & Charit茅-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany & Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany;" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8900-4467" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Tobias Pischon" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & Max Delbr眉ck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany & Charit茅 Universit&auml" /> <meta name="citation_author_email" content="tobias.pischon@mdc-berlin.de" /> <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1568-767X" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Disease overarching mechanisms that explain and predict outcome of patients with high cardiovascular risk: rationale and design of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) study" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@medrxivpreprint" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/images/medrxiv_logo_homepage7-5-small-test-up.png" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of premature death worldwide. Effective and individualized treatment requires exact knowledge about both risk factors and risk estimation. Most evidence for risk prediction currently comes from population-based studies on first incident cardiovascular events. In contrast, little is known about the relevance of risk factors for the outcome of patients with established CVD or those who are at high risk of CVD, including patients with type 2 diabetes. In addition, most studies focus on individual diseases, whereas less is known about disease overarching risk factors and cross-over risk. Aim: The aim of BeLOVE is to improve short- and long-term prediction and mechanistic understanding of cardiovascular disease progression and outcomes in very high-risk patients, both in the acute as well as in the chronic phase, in order to provide the basis for improved, individualized management. Study design: BeLOVE is an observational prospective cohort study of patients of both sexes aged >18 in selected Berlin hospitals, who have a high risk of future cardiovascular events, including patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute stroke (AS), acute heart failure (AHF), acute kidney injury (AKI) or type 2 diabetes with manifest target-organ damage. BeLOVE includes 2 subcohorts: The acute subcohort includes 6500 patients with ACS, AS, AHF, or AKI within 2-8 days after their qualifying event, who undergo a structured interview about medical history as well as blood sample collection. The chronic subcohort includes 6000 patients with ACS, AS, AHF, or AKI 90 days after event, and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and target-organ damage. These patients undergo a 6-8 hour deep phenotyping program, including detailed clinical phenotyping from a cardiological, neurological and metabolic perspective, questionnaires including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)as well as magnetic resonance imaging. Several biological samples are collected (i.e. blood, urine, saliva, stool) with blood samples collected in a fasting state, as well as after a metabolic challenge (either nutritional or cardiopulmonary exercise stress test). Ascertainment of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) will be performed in all patients using a combination of active and passive follow-up procedures, such as on-site visits (if applicable), telephone interviews, review of medical charts, and links to local health authorities. Additional phenotyping visits are planned at 2, 5 and 10 years after inclusion into the chronic subcohort. Future perspective: BeLOVE provides a unique opportunity to study both the short- and long-term disease course of patients at high cardiovascular risk through innovative and extensive deep phenotyping. Moreover, the unique study design provides opportunities for acute and post-acute inclusion and allows us to derive two non-nested yet overlapping sub-cohorts, tailored for upcoming research questions. Thereby, we aim to study disease-overarching research questions, to understand crossover risk, and to find similarities and differences between clinical phenotypes of patients at high cardiovascular risk. ### Competing Interest Statement to be provided ### Clinical Trial German Clinical Trials Registry DRKS00016852 ### Funding Statement The costs related to study management, data collection, and biobanking are funded by the Berlin Institute of Health, which was founded by the Charit? ? Universit?tsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbr?ck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC). ### Author Declarations All relevant ethical guidelines have been followed and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived. Yes Any clinical trials involved have been registered with an ICMJE-approved registry such as ClinicalTrials.gov and the trial ID is included in the manuscript. Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant Equator, ICMJE or other checklist(s) as supplementary files, if applicable. NA NA" /> <meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Disease overarching mechanisms that explain and predict outcome of patients with high cardiovascular risk: rationale and design of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) study" /> <meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1" /> <meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="medRxiv" /> <meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of premature death worldwide. Effective and individualized treatment requires exact knowledge about both risk factors and risk estimation. Most evidence for risk prediction currently comes from population-based studies on first incident cardiovascular events. In contrast, little is known about the relevance of risk factors for the outcome of patients with established CVD or those who are at high risk of CVD, including patients with type 2 diabetes. In addition, most studies focus on individual diseases, whereas less is known about disease overarching risk factors and cross-over risk. Aim: The aim of BeLOVE is to improve short- and long-term prediction and mechanistic understanding of cardiovascular disease progression and outcomes in very high-risk patients, both in the acute as well as in the chronic phase, in order to provide the basis for improved, individualized management. Study design: BeLOVE is an observational prospective cohort study of patients of both sexes aged >18 in selected Berlin hospitals, who have a high risk of future cardiovascular events, including patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute stroke (AS), acute heart failure (AHF), acute kidney injury (AKI) or type 2 diabetes with manifest target-organ damage. BeLOVE includes 2 subcohorts: The acute subcohort includes 6500 patients with ACS, AS, AHF, or AKI within 2-8 days after their qualifying event, who undergo a structured interview about medical history as well as blood sample collection. The chronic subcohort includes 6000 patients with ACS, AS, AHF, or AKI 90 days after event, and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and target-organ damage. These patients undergo a 6-8 hour deep phenotyping program, including detailed clinical phenotyping from a cardiological, neurological and metabolic perspective, questionnaires including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)as well as magnetic resonance imaging. Several biological samples are collected (i.e. blood, urine, saliva, stool) with blood samples collected in a fasting state, as well as after a metabolic challenge (either nutritional or cardiopulmonary exercise stress test). Ascertainment of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) will be performed in all patients using a combination of active and passive follow-up procedures, such as on-site visits (if applicable), telephone interviews, review of medical charts, and links to local health authorities. Additional phenotyping visits are planned at 2, 5 and 10 years after inclusion into the chronic subcohort. Future perspective: BeLOVE provides a unique opportunity to study both the short- and long-term disease course of patients at high cardiovascular risk through innovative and extensive deep phenotyping. Moreover, the unique study design provides opportunities for acute and post-acute inclusion and allows us to derive two non-nested yet overlapping sub-cohorts, tailored for upcoming research questions. Thereby, we aim to study disease-overarching research questions, to understand crossover risk, and to find similarities and differences between clinical phenotypes of patients at high cardiovascular risk. ### Competing Interest Statement to be provided ### Clinical Trial German Clinical Trials Registry DRKS00016852 ### Funding Statement The costs related to study management, data collection, and biobanking are funded by the Berlin Institute of Health, which was founded by the Charit? ? Universit?tsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbr?ck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC). ### Author Declarations All relevant ethical guidelines have been followed and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived. Yes Any clinical trials involved have been registered with an ICMJE-approved registry such as ClinicalTrials.gov and the trial ID is included in the manuscript. Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant Equator, ICMJE or other checklist(s) as supplementary files, if applicable. NA NA" /> <meta name="og-type" property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta name="og-image" property="og:image" content="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/images/medrxiv_logo_homepage7-5-small-test-up.png" /> <meta name="citation_date" content="2019-06-25" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/pdf" title="Full Text (PDF)" href="/content/10.1101/19000380v1.full.pdf" /> <meta name="description" content="medRxiv - The Preprint Server for Health Sciences" /> <meta name="generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.medrxiv.org/node/91838" /> <title>Disease overarching mechanisms that explain and predict outcome of patients with high cardiovascular risk: rationale and design of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) study | medRxiv</title> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__7SC0i-kTgUlQGKuqbmyS18Sez8FDO-aG9FSHkGrLGl8__EBUojqg5W_1M2-aUl2Y1w9JxEEauoJ0pj29wOb-7Vz4__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/qtip2/2.2.1/jquery.qtip.min.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__FlELJz04KidagQ4LEL1ygrbUfbmuL4VV7UYV5Yy-sCM__EfkRiZW771uHZNWmVAV36yhdrpAF8a30Y2kgTsiwDUE__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.css" media="all" /> <style type="text/css" media="all"> /* <![CDATA[ */ .panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-region{padding:0}.panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-region-inside{padding-right:.5em;padding-left:.5em}.panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-region-inside-first{padding-left:0}.panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-region-inside-last{padding-right:0}.panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-column{padding:0}.panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-column-inside{padding-right:.5em;padding-left:.5em}.panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-column-inside-first{padding-left:0}.panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-column-inside-last{padding-right:0}.panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-row{padding:0 0 .5em;margin:0}.panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-row-last{padding-bottom:0}.panels-flexible-column-new-main{float:left;width:99.0000%}.panels-flexible-new-inside{padding-right:0}.panels-flexible-new{width:auto}.panels-flexible-region-new-center{float:left;width:99.0000%}.panels-flexible-row-new-main-row-inside{padding-right:0} /* ]]> */ </style> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__PWuQ_RYRTJ4BLEKsbWQeHysPg0gOQ3571ruQa_rXvAo__pWyBeQHtoijrNnOoDz9ZPdiNPirDrSCPOz0Q1CDCeno__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.css" media="all" /> <style type="text/css" media="all"> /* <![CDATA[ */ #sliding-popup.sliding-popup-bottom,#sliding-popup.sliding-popup-bottom .eu-cookie-withdraw-banner,.eu-cookie-withdraw-tab{background:gray}#sliding-popup.sliding-popup-bottom.eu-cookie-withdraw-wrapper{background:transparent}#sliding-popup .popup-content #popup-text h1,#sliding-popup .popup-content #popup-text h2,#sliding-popup .popup-content #popup-text h3,#sliding-popup .popup-content #popup-text p,.eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button,.eu-cookie-withdraw-tab{color:#fff !important}.eu-cookie-withdraw-tab{border-color:#fff}.eu-cookie-compliance-more-button{color:#fff !important} /* ]]> */ </style> <!--[if lte IE 7]> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__ElJr3PIJEvw3qLXc1cnYiLj2G4KgDPSXFOfm6Phf8hw__JdWGm15cDWjsK6KrFlQVXQix9YgNeYysf22XZHj-Y-c__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.css" media="all" /> <![endif]--> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__Wnlyen9qEpwh_Qaf9okEu4QdVGM0BDothxeqA6Nbvo8__EJmw6SZD9bYoS8jocCpPYS3JFRURpdzmuvJoAUNiI-g__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__oJGVEvKQ-w6SOfdD3wkojVVlDy35OJ1m5IRQiWP2-A4__2i5fOal7T1XioOiL8E1j-5GRVuLFoaX_Cmf1tDdfOGA__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.css" media="all" /> <!--[if (lt IE 9)&(!IEMobile)]> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__XH6bpcI0f2dImc-p674DLCZtWBGb-QwxJK1YexVGtno__vUceGprdo5nIhV6DH93X7fI3r8RcTJbChbas9TQXeW4__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.css" media="all" /> <![endif]--> <!--[if gte IE 9]><!--> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__2WBMox6sOrN42ss5lCnH7WWVRdFdJCxtTKnQJYRwTE4__yqNvNYLvMpjy3ffuJrjjm9uW2i-Me1c23KLYuWHaqio__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.css" media="all" /> <!--<![endif]--> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__PnF_iSeOWgAJzGkPaUEVDxgWPcaChjxMdhV1Uy9wkic__rtQnXv8GOc-AsynbhzSlQBD_2lVxAkB6XEFUCK72qXc__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://d33xdlntwy0kbs.cloudfront.net/cshl_custom_medrxiv.css" media="all" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__BKYqkKToQ7EjirB7eIdMEH5521EU3da9IpoOs8Ex2XI__aSjVoX8giBmLhN2EbCgIGQJNu89Mh5aVu1LvI_gkJ7Y__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/qtip2/2.2.1/jquery.qtip.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__4Cn2dxvNlsJ-sHe6QOTLREaQvcqb0Yh0Zm9tTOHtQow__JeZEUjzbaj_yX6UjCI8eBbXy_J64ZVuoWmc2fSpLZHo__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?hl=en&render=explicit&onload=drupalRecaptchaOnload"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__dGWpV57YWu3sX6UOe04RMH-iP9jSkEP7Ajt0caYXZZk__1l8Wa0iuIek7SEVmMuU0Y9TlAvRR-XZVfl1u9ezOPes__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_js/casa.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-0K57TCX5BY"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- /*! * yepnope1.5.4 * (c) WTFPL, GPLv2 */ (function(a,b,c){function d(a){return"[object Function]"==o.call(a)}function e(a){return"string"==typeof a}function f(){}function g(a){return!a||"loaded"==a||"complete"==a||"uninitialized"==a}function h(){var a=p.shift();q=1,a?a.t?m(function(){("c"==a.t?B.injectCss:B.injectJs)(a.s,0,a.a,a.x,a.e,1)},0):(a(),h()):q=0}function i(a,c,d,e,f,i,j){function k(b){if(!o&&g(l.readyState)&&(u.r=o=1,!q&&h(),l.onload=l.onreadystatechange=null,b)){"img"!=a&&m(function(){t.removeChild(l)},50);for(var d in y[c])y[c].hasOwnProperty(d)&&y[c][d].onload()}}var j=j||B.errorTimeout,l=b.createElement(a),o=0,r=0,u={t:d,s:c,e:f,a:i,x:j};1===y[c]&&(r=1,y[c]=[]),"object"==a?l.data=c:(l.src=c,l.type=a),l.width=l.height="0",l.onerror=l.onload=l.onreadystatechange=function(){k.call(this,r)},p.splice(e,0,u),"img"!=a&&(r||2===y[c]?(t.insertBefore(l,s?null:n),m(k,j)):y[c].push(l))}function j(a,b,c,d,f){return q=0,b=b||"j",e(a)?i("c"==b?v:u,a,b,this.i++,c,d,f):(p.splice(this.i++,0,a),1==p.length&&h()),this}function k(){var a=B;return a.loader={load:j,i:0},a}var l=b.documentElement,m=a.setTimeout,n=b.getElementsByTagName("script")[0],o={}.toString,p=[],q=0,r="MozAppearance"in l.style,s=r&&!!b.createRange().compareNode,t=s?l:n.parentNode,l=a.opera&&"[object Opera]"==o.call(a.opera),l=!!b.attachEvent&&!l,u=r?"object":l?"script":"img",v=l?"script":u,w=Array.isArray||function(a){return"[object Array]"==o.call(a)},x=[],y={},z={timeout:function(a,b){return b.length&&(a.timeout=b[0]),a}},A,B;B=function(a){function b(a){var a=a.split("!"),b=x.length,c=a.pop(),d=a.length,c={url:c,origUrl:c,prefixes:a},e,f,g;for(f=0;f<d;f++)g=a[f].split("="),(e=z[g.shift()])&&(c=e(c,g));for(f=0;f<b;f++)c=x[f](c);return c}function g(a,e,f,g,h){var i=b(a),j=i.autoCallback;i.url.split(".").pop().split("?").shift(),i.bypass||(e&&(e=d(e)?e:e[a]||e[g]||e[a.split("/").pop().split("?")[0]]),i.instead?i.instead(a,e,f,g,h):(y[i.url]?i.noexec=!0:y[i.url]=1,f.load(i.url,i.forceCSS||!i.forceJS&&"css"==i.url.split(".").pop().split("?").shift()?"c":c,i.noexec,i.attrs,i.timeout),(d(e)||d(j))&&f.load(function(){k(),e&&e(i.origUrl,h,g),j&&j(i.origUrl,h,g),y[i.url]=2})))}function h(a,b){function c(a,c){if(a){if(e(a))c||(j=function(){var a=[].slice.call(arguments);k.apply(this,a),l()}),g(a,j,b,0,h);else if(Object(a)===a)for(n in m=function(){var b=0,c;for(c in a)a.hasOwnProperty(c)&&b++;return b}(),a)a.hasOwnProperty(n)&&(!c&&!--m&&(d(j)?j=function(){var a=[].slice.call(arguments);k.apply(this,a),l()}:j[n]=function(a){return function(){var b=[].slice.call(arguments);a&&a.apply(this,b),l()}}(k[n])),g(a[n],j,b,n,h))}else!c&&l()}var h=!!a.test,i=a.load||a.both,j=a.callback||f,k=j,l=a.complete||f,m,n;c(h?a.yep:a.nope,!!i),i&&c(i)}var i,j,l=this.yepnope.loader;if(e(a))g(a,0,l,0);else if(w(a))for(i=0;i<a.length;i++)j=a[i],e(j)?g(j,0,l,0):w(j)?B(j):Object(j)===j&&h(j,l);else Object(a)===a&&h(a,l)},B.addPrefix=function(a,b){z[a]=b},B.addFilter=function(a){x.push(a)},B.errorTimeout=1e4,null==b.readyState&&b.addEventListener&&(b.readyState="loading",b.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",A=function(){b.removeEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",A,0),b.readyState="complete"},0)),a.yepnope=k(),a.yepnope.executeStack=h,a.yepnope.injectJs=function(a,c,d,e,i,j){var k=b.createElement("script"),l,o,e=e||B.errorTimeout;k.src=a;for(o in d)k.setAttribute(o,d[o]);c=j?h:c||f,k.onreadystatechange=k.onload=function(){!l&&g(k.readyState)&&(l=1,c(),k.onload=k.onreadystatechange=null)},m(function(){l||(l=1,c(1))},e),i?k.onload():n.parentNode.insertBefore(k,n)},a.yepnope.injectCss=function(a,c,d,e,g,i){var e=b.createElement("link"),j,c=i?h:c||f;e.href=a,e.rel="stylesheet",e.type="text/css";for(j in d)e.setAttribute(j,d[j]);g||(n.parentNode.insertBefore(e,n),m(c,0))}})(this,document); //--><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- yepnope({ test: Modernizr.matchmedia, nope: '/sites/all/libraries/media-match/media.match.min.js' }); //--><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- var _prum=[['id', '52e95df3abe53d2e33000000'], ['mark', 'firstbyte', (new Date()).getTime()]]; (function() { var s=document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0], p=document.createElement('script'); p.async='async'; p.src='//rum-static.pingdom.net/prum.min.js';s.parentNode.insertBefore(p,s);})(); //--><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- if(typeof window.MathJax === "undefined") window.MathJax = { menuSettings: { zoom: "Click" } }; //--><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);gtag("config", "G-0K57TCX5BY", {"groups":"default","anonymize_ip":true}); //--><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings,{"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","ajaxPageState":{"theme":"jcore_1","theme_token":"9JlVSifsAlb2QgFy0xYzxNgAPpZPoy5FIE5_eSo7Sls"},"colorbox":{"opacity":"0.85","current":"{current} of {total}","previous":"\u00ab Prev","next":"Next \u00bb","close":"Close","maxWidth":"98%","maxHeight":"98%","fixed":true,"mobiledetect":true,"mobiledevicewidth":"480px"},"highwire":{"nid":"91838","apath":"\/medrxiv\/early\/2019\/06\/25\/19000380.atom","pisa":"medrxiv;19000380v1","markup":[{"requested":"index","variant":"index","view":"full","pisa":"medrxiv;19000380\/DC1"},{"requested":"abstract","variant":"abstract","view":"abstract","pisa":"medrxiv;19000380v1"},{"requested":"index","variant":"index","view":"full","pisa":"medrxiv;19000380\/DC1"}],"processed":["highwire_math"],"modal_window_width":"560","share_modal_width":"560","share_modal_title":"Share this Article"},"jcarousel":{"ajaxPath":"\/jcarousel\/ajax\/views"},"instances":"{\u0022highwire_abstract_tooltip\u0022:{\u0022content\u0022:{\u0022text\u0022:\u0022\u0022},\u0022style\u0022:{\u0022tip\u0022:{\u0022width\u0022:20,\u0022height\u0022:20,\u0022border\u0022:1,\u0022offset\u0022:0,\u0022corner\u0022:true},\u0022classes\u0022:\u0022qtip-custom hw-tooltip hw-abstract-tooltip qtip-shadow qtip-rounded\u0022,\u0022classes_custom\u0022:\u0022hw-tooltip hw-abstract-tooltip\u0022},\u0022position\u0022:{\u0022at\u0022:\u0022right center\u0022,\u0022my\u0022:\u0022left center\u0022,\u0022viewport\u0022:true,\u0022adjust\u0022:{\u0022method\u0022:\u0022shift\u0022}},\u0022show\u0022:{\u0022event\u0022:\u0022mouseenter click \u0022,\u0022solo\u0022:true},\u0022hide\u0022:{\u0022event\u0022:\u0022mouseleave \u0022,\u0022fixed\u0022:1,\u0022delay\u0022:\u0022100\u0022}},\u0022highwire_author_tooltip\u0022:{\u0022content\u0022:{\u0022text\u0022:\u0022\u0022},\u0022style\u0022:{\u0022tip\u0022:{\u0022width\u0022:15,\u0022height\u0022:15,\u0022border\u0022:1,\u0022offset\u0022:0,\u0022corner\u0022:true},\u0022classes\u0022:\u0022qtip-custom hw-tooltip hw-author-tooltip qtip-shadow qtip-rounded\u0022,\u0022classes_custom\u0022:\u0022hw-tooltip hw-author-tooltip\u0022},\u0022position\u0022:{\u0022at\u0022:\u0022top center\u0022,\u0022my\u0022:\u0022bottom center\u0022,\u0022viewport\u0022:true,\u0022adjust\u0022:{\u0022method\u0022:\u0022\u0022}},\u0022show\u0022:{\u0022event\u0022:\u0022mouseenter \u0022,\u0022solo\u0022:true},\u0022hide\u0022:{\u0022event\u0022:\u0022mouseleave \u0022,\u0022fixed\u0022:1,\u0022delay\u0022:\u0022100\u0022}},\u0022highwire_reflinks_tooltip\u0022:{\u0022content\u0022:{\u0022text\u0022:\u0022\u0022},\u0022style\u0022:{\u0022tip\u0022:{\u0022width\u0022:15,\u0022height\u0022:15,\u0022border\u0022:1,\u0022mimic\u0022:\u0022top center\u0022,\u0022offset\u0022:0,\u0022corner\u0022:true},\u0022classes\u0022:\u0022qtip-custom hw-tooltip hw-ref-link-tooltip qtip-shadow qtip-rounded\u0022,\u0022classes_custom\u0022:\u0022hw-tooltip hw-ref-link-tooltip\u0022},\u0022position\u0022:{\u0022at\u0022:\u0022bottom left\u0022,\u0022my\u0022:\u0022top left\u0022,\u0022viewport\u0022:true,\u0022adjust\u0022:{\u0022method\u0022:\u0022flip\u0022}},\u0022show\u0022:{\u0022event\u0022:\u0022mouseenter \u0022,\u0022solo\u0022:true},\u0022hide\u0022:{\u0022event\u0022:\u0022mouseleave \u0022,\u0022fixed\u0022:1,\u0022delay\u0022:\u0022100\u0022}}}","qtipDebug":"{\u0022leaveElement\u0022:0}","panel_ajax_tab":{"path":"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels_ajax_tab"},"disqus":{"domain":"medRxiv","url":"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/19000380v1","title":"Disease overarching mechanisms that explain and predict outcome of patients with high cardiovascular risk: rationale and design of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) study","identifier":"node\/91838"},"panels_ajax_pane":{"new-28877068-b9cb-4641-830b-b6b4638c98bb":"{\u0022encrypted\u0022:\u0022{\\\u0022encrypted\\\u0022:\\\u00225IISy\\\\\\\/aKNA2Wx36wCcIKKNwWVlEiQ54l6kT8GsMOaF5UREuaBxuB34UNyk3Z+0deyCxqkc3rgApky5Kyr6QC1p6g09ofYSMIb4090Zj122NH5Igr9bdz\\\\\\\/eBCTgQGzvPFidWhhfbaZRiqy6nckR5JLKvMu+WGrspWG6atCTbTUCgGCZoEQ45l8CezLbDRSj+c+gUN1n2EsdTMWnpDQ8fzzxvRgKQxov5ugAREPEiwKBc7LL6YXb+I47qgvtGTiBb+w4wjbdz5uJfUoAoZ6PqUPzor7Qmnvx7lrxrdQCnMtclxXt2au83bfypLFjTFyk9rbeFaKygB68PteYtJlALN8MRPjuwEMLybrEb4Oih4McERKOovaYMBXxgTZrEqpmwpr+vkMOZLcMLs1Ly6AwxgLEnUX8VSfWJ0Jg3NfB+3W4oR2Ki9LZLho5tmji+svgHshd\\\\\\\/suzntiCDrOj4EvhgcvuVMzsFBJ\\\\\\\/659YdjOM\\\\\\\/AD4lGvoVvmOhnVrV2kQVmArXJz8nRFxV6QruHHOhmR1YzLO7iuVydcIozg3SK4OTw7GC2w2NcDdHn81LKmiWPc4NEFxhxcdQEBk68e9wCl3tYDxk\\\\\\\/Valw+W8TX8nId3Jt4kwv\\\\\\\/9Y\\\\\\\/t8m7cumPal0JTAxCDgk9463e52v4bYxs+Eb0jBYFCwE\\\\\\\/GgNUW+p+Dt5uRc1LR7iJa6PLBUiV41MHotSKhM5MDx1m9md6KOWp\\\\\\\/qPwIIXc+aJ6w6yzdcD1zkoSwv1kQ\\\\\\\/HZvrdK17BtuM2g6S15vPm6FbhRaf7NWFZkfIjim25tankPSWeGeBGC+sxqLU1fFwqCmgpcSWdF\\\\\\\/5k9OXXQ3VaXSduYnhjSVD6kh0YR0kKHoCIgOcto94cH6HwWSDwsoNPPr5TowO6g\\\\\\\/V5MOCDzO5A7IVvAe3yWlyC+UANAmbvx9qwrjxV9ygSXvt2WRDQffImeLuud48sWJtg7MgmyeSLRkoQP3Wvzjp\\\\\\\/8dnGHT\\\\\\\/FMfr0BTagTEaFhdxUt+6YV0LLlljYJuFAzLNasM+UFpstRl4IAqL7dkE1OoolS5T8ggop\\\\\\\/2F1cqEXBU\\\\\\\/0LqGHPSvclYY2SQiTxtAMDEmCG7enFZG\\\\\\\/XfJD6QRsPSwYd0M9Bi5MbEGHK4W7aAH7QOPBgI\\\\\\\/GOXIWPZYq7UO3RU3bTcbkDDcHn51DIe0cjkFV0RAT\\\\\\\/JLkDaMcBdt1GUwQ7BwZkubcOzQSWGHfxg0eEILWqiVqR229dl0IPmOEVvHfezZAg44U2t8eYYSYTCxxD4F55n7A5R3I14kPuMPwhN8VYrZ1l4m+h8x0wgWD7yO+ReQM6OdqWfGWlLDW8TJxznj4xF31GIa41z7EALjxUayEt\\\u0022,\\\u0022iv\\\u0022:\\\u0022Ju6kgOZuLHN6OVKMVp90Ug==\\\u0022,\\\u0022salt\\\u0022:\\\u0022f9d8845712f72c9fee5db7d9ff111eab\\\u0022}\u0022,\u0022hmac\u0022:\u00229f1b62b5532be24f1928276b1751d5212ba7e493059701ba43307bc65182e638\u0022}"},"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/content\/10.1101\/19000380v1":true},"ws_fl":{"width":100,"height":21},"ws_gpo":{"size":"","annotation":"","lang":"","callback":"","width":300},"color":{"logo":"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/sites\/default\/files\/medrxiv_internal_logo.png"},"highwire_list_expand":{"is_collapsed":"1"},"highwireResponsive":{"enquire_enabled":1,"breakpoints_configured":1,"breakpoints":{"zero":"all and (min-width: 0px)","xsmall":"all and (min-width: 380px)","narrow":"all and (min-width: 768px) and (min-device-width: 768px), (max-device-width: 800px) and (min-width: 768px) and (orientation:landscape)","normal":"all and (min-width: 980px) and (min-device-width: 980px), all and (max-device-width: 1024px) and (min-width: 1024px) and (orientation:landscape)","wide":"all and (min-width: 1220px)"}},"eu_cookie_compliance":{"popup_enabled":1,"popup_agreed_enabled":0,"popup_hide_agreed":0,"popup_clicking_confirmation":1,"popup_scrolling_confirmation":false,"popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003EWe use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience. By clicking any link on this page you are giving your consent for us to set cookies.\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 role=\u0022dialog\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022Continue\u0022\n class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003EContinue\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 role=\u0022dialog\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022Find out more\u0022\n class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button\u0022\u003EFind out more\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","use_mobile_message":false,"mobile_popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 role=\u0022dialog\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022Continue\u0022\n class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003EContinue\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 role=\u0022dialog\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022Find out more\u0022\n class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button\u0022\u003EFind out more\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","mobile_breakpoint":"768","popup_html_agreed":"\u003Cdiv\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content agreed\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch2\u003EThank you for accepting cookies\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EYou can now hide this message or find out more about cookies.\u003C\/p\u003E \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022hide-popup-button eu-cookie-compliance-hide-button\u0022\u003EHide\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button-thank-you\u0022 \u003EMore info\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","popup_use_bare_css":false,"popup_height":"auto","popup_width":"100%","popup_delay":1000,"popup_link":"\/help\/cookie-policy","popup_link_new_window":1,"popup_position":null,"popup_language":"en","store_consent":false,"better_support_for_screen_readers":0,"reload_page":0,"domain":"","popup_eu_only_js":0,"cookie_lifetime":"365","cookie_session":false,"disagree_do_not_show_popup":0,"method":"default","whitelisted_cookies":"","withdraw_markup":"\u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-tab\u0022\u003EPrivacy settings\u003C\/button\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-banner\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003E\u0026lt;h2\u0026gt;We use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience\u0026lt;\/h2\u0026gt;\u0026lt;p\u0026gt;You have given your consent for us to set cookies.\u0026lt;\/p\u0026gt;\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-button\u0022\u003EWithdraw consent\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n","withdraw_enabled":false},"googleanalytics":{"account":["G-0K57TCX5BY"],"trackOutbound":1,"trackMailto":1,"trackDownload":1,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|exe|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|sea|sit|tar|tgz|torrent|txt|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|z|zip","trackColorbox":1},"jnl_biorxiv_styles":{"defaultJCode":"medrxiv"},"omega":{"layouts":{"primary":"normal","order":["narrow","normal","wide"],"queries":{"narrow":"all and (min-width: 768px) and (min-device-width: 768px), (max-device-width: 800px) and (min-width: 768px) and (orientation:landscape)","normal":"all and (min-width: 980px) and (min-device-width: 980px), all and (max-device-width: 1024px) and (min-width: 1024px) and (orientation:landscape)","wide":"all and (min-width: 1220px)"}}}}); //--><!]]> </script> <!--[if lt IE 9]><script src="http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script><![endif]--> </head> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in page-node page-node- page-node-91838 node-type-highwire-article context-content hw-default-jcode-medrxiv hw-article-type-other"> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-P4HH5NV" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script type="text/javascript">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];var j=d.createElement(s);var dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.src='//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;j.type='text/javascript';j.async=true;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-P4HH5NV');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <div id="skip-link"> <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div class="page clearfix page-box-shadows footer-borders panels-page panels-layout-jcore_2col" id="page"> <header id="section-header" class="section section-header"> <div id="zone-branding" class="zone zone-branding clearfix print-display-block container-30"> <div class="grid-15 prefix-1 region region-branding print-display-block" id="region-branding"> <div class="region-inner region-branding-inner"> <div class="branding-data clearfix"> <div class="logo-img"> <a href="/" rel="home" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img alt="medRxiv" src="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/medrxiv_internal_logo.png" /></a> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="grid-11 suffix-1 region region-branding-second print-hidden" id="region-branding-second"> <div class="region-inner region-branding-second-inner"> <div class="block block-system block-menu block-main-menu block-system-main-menu odd block-without-title" id="block-system-main-menu"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <div class="content clearfix"> <nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/" title="" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Home</a></li> <li class="leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/about-medrxiv" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">About</a></li> <li class="leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/submit-a-manuscript" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Submit</a></li> <li class="last leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/alertsrss" title="" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ALERTS / RSS</a></li> </ul></nav> </div> </div> </div><div class="block block-panels-mini block-biorxiv-search-box block-panels-mini-biorxiv-search-box even block-without-title" id="block-panels-mini-biorxiv-search-box"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-biorxiv_search_box"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-seach-quicksearch" > <div class="pane-content"> <form class="highwire-quicksearch button-style-mini button-style-mini" action="/content/10.1101/19000380v1" method="post" id="highwire-search-quicksearch-form-0" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-item-label-invisible form-type-textfield form-item-keywords"> <label class="element-invisible" for="search_rightsidebar_keywords_1233562331">Search for this keyword </label> <input placeholder="Search" type="text" id="search_rightsidebar_keywords_1233562331" name="keywords" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" class="form-text" /> </div> <div class="button-wrapper button-mini"><span class="icon-search"></span><input data-icon-only="1" data-font-icon="icon-search" data-icon-position="after" type="submit" id="search_rightsidebar_submit_87882916" name="op" value="Search" class="form-submit" /></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-u15BQk4TyE_KWJSMYsQkT4h38czSjsuBwoDZ54PYBNE" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="highwire_search_quicksearch_form_0" /> </div></form> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-2 advanced-search-link" > <div class="pane-content"> <a href="/search">Advanced Search</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="zone-header" class="zone zone-header clearfix container-30"> </div> </header> <section id="section-content" class="section section-content"> <div id="zone-content" class="zone zone-content clearfix container-30"> <div class="grid-28 suffix-1 prefix-1 region region-content" id="region-content"> <div class="region-inner region-content-inner"> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="block block-system block-main block-system-main odd block-without-title" id="block-system-main"> <div class="block-inner clearfix"> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="panel-display panels-960-layout jcore-2col-layout" > <div class="panel-row-wrapper clearfix"> <div class="main-content-wrapper grid-17 suffix-1 alpha"> <div class="panel-panel panel-region-content"> <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-article-citation" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node91838" data-node-nid="91838" id="node-91838--21600779422" data-pisa="medrxiv;19000380v1" data-pisa-master="medrxiv;19000380" data-apath="/medrxiv/early/2019/06/25/19000380.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance=""><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-medrxiv-article-top clearfix has-author-tooltip" > <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Disease overarching mechanisms that explain and predict outcome of patients with high cardiovascular risk: rationale and design of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) study</h1> <div class="highwire-cite-authors" ><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="0"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8454-9142" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Bob</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Siegerink</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="1"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1666-6021" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Joachim</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Weber</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="2"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7025-3167" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Michael</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Ahmadi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="3"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-4371" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Kai-Uwe</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Eckardt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="4"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4638-8664" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Frank</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Edelmann</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">Matthias</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Endres</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="6"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3030-0384" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Holger</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Gerhardt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">Kathrin</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Haubold</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">Norbert</span> <span class="nlm-surname">H眉bner</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="9"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0214-3203" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Ulf</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Landmesser</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="10"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4351-420X" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">David</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Leistner</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="11"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0126-3155" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Knut</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mai</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="12"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3650-5644" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Dominik N</span> <span class="nlm-surname">M眉ller</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="13"><span class="nlm-given-names">Burkert</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Pieske</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="14"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-1660" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Geraldine</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Rauch</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="15"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6698-5717" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Sein</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Schmidt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="16"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7700-7142" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Kai</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Schmidt-Ott</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="17"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3100-1092" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Jeanette</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Schulz-Menger</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="18"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8900-4467" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Joachim</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Spranger</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author hw-author-orcid-logo-wrapper" data-delta="19"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1568-767X" target="_blank" class="hw-author-orcid-logo link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-orcid hw-icon-color-orcid"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">View ORCID Profile</span></a><span class="nlm-given-names">Tobias</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Pischon</span></span></span></div> <div class="highwire-cite-metadata" ><span class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">doi:</span> https://doi.org/10.1101/19000380 </span></div> </div> <div id="hw-article-author-popups-node-91838--21600779422" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Bob Siegerink </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>1</span> Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Bob%2BSiegerink%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Siegerink%20B&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3ABob%2BSiegerink%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8454-9142" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Bob Siegerink</a></li><li class="author-corresp-email-link last"><span>For correspondence: <a href="mailto:bob.siegerink@charite.de" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">bob.siegerink@charite.de</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Joachim Weber </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>2</span> Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Joachim%2BWeber%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Weber%20J&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJoachim%2BWeber%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1666-6021" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Joachim Weber</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Michael Ahmadi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>3</span> Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Michael%2BAhmadi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Ahmadi%20M&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AMichael%2BAhmadi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7025-3167" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Michael Ahmadi</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Kai-Uwe Eckardt </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>2</span> Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Kai-Uwe%2BEckardt%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Eckardt%20K&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AKai-Uwe%2BEckardt%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-4371" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Kai-Uwe Eckardt</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Frank Edelmann </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>2</span> Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Frank%2BEdelmann%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Edelmann%20F&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AFrank%2BEdelmann%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4638-8664" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Frank Edelmann</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Matthias Endres </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>4</span> Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Matthias%2BEndres%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Endres%20M&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AMatthias%2BEndres%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Holger Gerhardt </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>5</span> Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & , Max-Delbr盲ck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Holger%2BGerhardt%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Gerhardt%20H&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AHolger%2BGerhardt%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3030-0384" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Holger Gerhardt</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Kathrin Haubold </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>6</span> Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Kathrin%2BHaubold%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Haubold%20K&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AKathrin%2BHaubold%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-8"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Norbert H眉bner </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>7</span> Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Max Delbr眉ck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & Berlin Institute of H; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Norbert%2BH%C3%BCbner%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=H%C3%BCbner%20N&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3ANorbert%2BH%25C3%25BCbner%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-9"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Ulf Landmesser </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>8</span> Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Ulf%2BLandmesser%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Landmesser%20U&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AUlf%2BLandmesser%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0214-3203" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Ulf Landmesser</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-10"><div class="author-tooltip-name">David Leistner </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>1</span> Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=David%2BLeistner%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Leistner%20D&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3ADavid%2BLeistner%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4351-420X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for David Leistner</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-11"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Knut Mai </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>9</span> Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany & Charit茅-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Knut%2BMai%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Mai%20K&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AKnut%2BMai%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0126-3155" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Knut Mai</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-12"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Dominik N M眉ller </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>10</span> Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Berlin Germany & Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Asso; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Dominik%2BN%2BM%C3%BCller%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=M%C3%BCller%20DN&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3ADominik%2BN%2BM%25C3%25BCller%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3650-5644" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Dominik N M眉ller</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-13"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Burkert Pieske </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>11</span> Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Burkert%2BPieske%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Pieske%20B&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3ABurkert%2BPieske%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-14"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Geraldine Rauch </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>12</span> Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Geraldine%2BRauch%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Rauch%20G&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AGeraldine%2BRauch%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-1660" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Geraldine Rauch</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-15"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Sein Schmidt </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>13</span> Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Sein%2BSchmidt%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Schmidt%20S&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3ASein%2BSchmidt%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6698-5717" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Sein Schmidt</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-16"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Kai Schmidt-Ott </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>14</span> Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany & Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Kai%2BSchmidt-Ott%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Schmidt-Ott%20K&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AKai%2BSchmidt-Ott%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7700-7142" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Kai Schmidt-Ott</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-17"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Jeanette Schulz-Menger </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>15</span> German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Jeanette%2BSchulz-Menger%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Schulz-Menger%20J&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJeanette%2BSchulz-Menger%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3100-1092" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Jeanette Schulz-Menger</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-18"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Joachim Spranger </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>16</span> Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & Charit茅-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany & Charit茅 Universit盲tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Joachim%2BSpranger%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Spranger%20J&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJoachim%2BSpranger%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8900-4467" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Joachim Spranger</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-19"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Tobias Pischon </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'> <span class='nlm-sup'>17</span> Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany & German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin & Max Delbr眉ck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany & Charit茅 Universitä </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&gs_type=author&author%5B0%5D=Tobias%2BPischon%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Pischon%20T&link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3ATobias%2BPischon%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1568-767X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Tobias Pischon</a></li><li class="author-corresp-email-link last"><span>For correspondence: <a href="mailto:tobias.pischon@mdc-berlin.de" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">tobias.pischon@mdc-berlin.de</a></span></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-panel-tabs pane-panels-ajax-tab-tabs" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="item-list"><ul class="tabs inline panels-ajax-tab"><li class="first"><a href="/content/10.1101/19000380v1" class="panels-ajax-tab-tab" data-panel-name="biorxiv_tab_art" data-target-id="highwire_article_tabs" data-entity-context="node:91838" data-trigger="" data-url-enabled="1">Abstract</a><a href="/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_art/node:91838/1" rel="nofollow" style="display:none" class="js-crawler-link"></a></li><li><a href="/content/10.1101/19000380v1.article-info" class="panels-ajax-tab-tab" data-panel-name="biorxiv_tab_info" data-target-id="highwire_article_tabs" data-entity-context="node:91838" data-trigger="article-info" data-url-enabled="1">Info/History</a><a href="/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_info/node:91838/1" rel="nofollow" style="display:none" class="js-crawler-link"></a></li><li><a href="/content/10.1101/19000380v1.article-metrics" class="panels-ajax-tab-tab" data-panel-name="article_tab_metrics" data-target-id="highwire_article_tabs" data-entity-context="node:91838" data-trigger="article-metrics" data-url-enabled="1">Metrics</a><a href="/panels_ajax_tab/article_tab_metrics/node:91838/1" rel="nofollow" style="display:none" class="js-crawler-link"></a></li><li><a href="/content/10.1101/19000380v1.supplementary-material" class="panels-ajax-tab-tab" data-panel-name="biorxiv_tab_data" data-target-id="highwire_article_tabs" data-entity-context="node:91838" data-trigger="supplementary-material" data-url-enabled="1">Supplementary material</a><a href="/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_data/node:91838/1" rel="nofollow" style="display:none" class="js-crawler-link"></a></li><li><a href="/content/10.1101/19000380v1.external-links" class="panels-ajax-tab-tab" data-panel-name="article_tab_data_code" data-target-id="highwire_article_tabs" data-entity-context="node:91838" data-trigger="external-links" data-url-enabled="1">Data/Code</a><a href="/panels_ajax_tab/article_tab_data_code/node:91838/1" rel="nofollow" style="display:none" class="js-crawler-link"></a></li><li class="last"><a href="/content/10.1101/19000380v1.full.pdf+html" class="panels-ajax-tab-tab" data-panel-name="biorxiv_tab_pdf" data-target-id="highwire_article_tabs" data-entity-context="node:91838" data-trigger="full.pdf+html" data-url-enabled="1"><i class="icon-file-alt"></i> Preview PDF</a><a href="/panels_ajax_tab/biorxiv_tab_pdf/node:91838/1" rel="nofollow" style="display:none" class="js-crawler-link"></a></li></ul></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-panel-tabs-container" > <div class="pane-content"> <div data-panels-ajax-tab-preloaded="biorxiv_tab_art" id="panels-ajax-tab-container-highwire_article_tabs" class="panels-ajax-tab-container"><div class="panels-ajax-tab-loading" style ="display:none"><img class="loading" src="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/panels_ajax_tab/images/loading.gif" alt="Loading" title="Loading" /></div><div class="panels-ajax-tab-wrap-biorxiv_tab_art"><div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" > <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-markup" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" data-highwire-cite-ref-tooltip-instance="highwire_reflinks_tooltip" class="content-block-markup" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><div class="article abstract-view "><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-start"></span><div class="section abstract" id="abstract-1"><h2>Abstract</h2><p id="p-2">Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of premature death worldwide. Effective and individualized treatment requires exact knowledge about both risk factors and risk estimation. Most evidence for risk prediction currently comes from population-based studies on first incident cardiovascular events. In contrast, little is known about the relevance of risk factors for the outcome of patients with established CVD or those who are at high risk of CVD, including patients with type 2 diabetes. In addition, most studies focus on individual diseases, whereas less is known about disease overarching risk factors and cross-over risk. Aim: The aim of BeLOVE is to improve short- and long-term prediction and mechanistic understanding of cardiovascular disease progression and outcomes in very high-risk patients, both in the acute as well as in the chronic phase, in order to provide the basis for improved, individualized management. Study design: BeLOVE is an observational prospective cohort study of patients of both sexes aged >18 in selected Berlin hospitals, who have a high risk of future cardiovascular events, including patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute stroke (AS), acute heart failure (AHF), acute kidney injury (AKI) or type 2 diabetes with manifest target-organ damage. BeLOVE includes 2 subcohorts: The acute subcohort includes 6500 patients with ACS, AS, AHF, or AKI within 2-8 days after their qualifying event, who undergo a structured interview about medical history as well as blood sample collection. The chronic subcohort includes 6000 patients with ACS, AS, AHF, or AKI 90 days after event, and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and target-organ damage. These patients undergo a 6-8 hour deep phenotyping program, including detailed clinical phenotyping from a cardiological, neurological and metabolic perspective, questionnaires including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)as well as magnetic resonance imaging. Several biological samples are collected (i.e. blood, urine, saliva, stool) with blood samples collected in a fasting state, as well as after a metabolic challenge (either nutritional or cardiopulmonary exercise stress test). Ascertainment of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) will be performed in all patients using a combination of active and passive follow-up procedures, such as on-site visits (if applicable), telephone interviews, review of medical charts, and links to local health authorities. Additional phenotyping visits are planned at 2, 5 and 10 years after inclusion into the chronic subcohort. Future perspective: BeLOVE provides a unique opportunity to study both the short- and long-term disease course of patients at high cardiovascular risk through innovative and extensive deep phenotyping. Moreover, the unique study design provides opportunities for acute and post-acute inclusion and allows us to derive two non-nested yet overlapping sub-cohorts, tailored for upcoming research questions. Thereby, we aim to study disease-overarching research questions, to understand crossover risk, and to find similarities and differences between clinical phenotypes of patients at high cardiovascular risk.</p></div><h3>Competing Interest Statement</h3><p id="p-3">to be provided</p><h3>Clinical Trial</h3><p id="p-4">German Clinical Trials Registry DRKS00016852</p><h3>Funding Statement</h3><p id="p-5">The costs related to study management, data collection, and biobanking are funded by the Berlin Institute of Health, which was founded by the Charit? ? Universit?tsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbr?ck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC). </p><h3>Author Declarations</h3><p id="p-6">All relevant ethical guidelines have been followed and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.</p><p id="p-7">Yes</p><p id="p-8">All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived.</p><p id="p-9">Yes</p><p id="p-10">Any clinical trials involved have been registered with an ICMJE-approved registry such as ClinicalTrials.gov and the trial ID is included in the manuscript.</p><p id="p-11">Yes</p><p id="p-12">I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant Equator, ICMJE or other checklist(s) as supplementary files, if applicable.</p><p id="p-13">NA</p><div class="section data-availability" id="sec-1"><h2 class="">Data Availability</h2><p id="p-14">NA</p></div><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-end"></span></div><span class="related-urls"></span></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-biorxiv-copyright" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="field field-name-field-highwire-copyright field-type-text field-label-inline clearfix"><div class="field-label">Copyright </div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.<span class="license-type"> It is made available under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license</a>.</span></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-disqus-comment" > <div class="pane-content"> <div id="disqus_thread"><noscript><p><a href="http://medRxiv.disqus.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medrxiv.org%2Fcontent%2F10.1101%2F19000380v1" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">View the discussion thread.</a></p></noscript></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-back-to-top" > <div class="pane-content"> <a href="#page" class="back-to-top" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="icon-chevron-up"></span> Back to top</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sidebar-right-wrapper grid-10 omega"> <div class="panel-panel panel-region-sidebar-right"> <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-node-pager" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="pager highwire-pager pager-mini clearfix highwire-node-pager highwire-article-pager"><span class="pager-prev"><a href="/content/10.1101/2020.07.23.20160721v2" title="Evidence of integrated health service delivery during COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries: protocol for a scoping review" rel="prev" class="pager-link-prev link-icon"><span class="icon-circle-arrow-left"></span> <span class="title">Previous</span></a></span><span class="pager-next"><a href="/content/10.1101/2020.04.05.20047944v2" title="A model to predict SARS-CoV-2 infection based on the first three-month surveillance data in Brazil" rel="next" class="pager-link-next link-icon-right link-icon"><span class="title">Next</span> <span class="icon-circle-arrow-right"></span></a></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-1" > <div class="pane-content"> Posted June 25, 2019. </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-biorxiv-art-tools" > <div class="pane-content"> <div id="mini-panel-biorxiv_art_tools" class="highwire-2col-stacked panel-display"> <div class="panel-row-wrapper clearfix"> <div class="content-left-wrapper content-column"> <div class="panel-panel panel-region-content-left"> <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-variant-link" > <div class="pane-content"> <a href="/content/10.1101/19000380v1.full.pdf" target="_self" class="article-dl-pdf-link link-icon"><span class="icon-external-link-sign"></span> <span class="title">Download PDF</span></a> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-biorxiv-supplementary-fragment" > <div class="pane-content"> <p><a href="/content/10.1101/19000380v1.supplementary-material"><i class="icon-file"></i>Supplementary Material </a></p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-variant-link" > <div class="pane-content"> <a href="/content/early/2019/06/25/19000380.external-links" target="_self" class="link-icon"><span class="icon-file"></span> <span class="title">Data/Code</span></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-right-wrapper content-column"> <div class="panel-panel panel-region-content-right"> <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-minipanel-dialog-link pane-biorxiv-art-email" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class='minipanel-dialog-wrapper'><div class='minipanel-dialog-link-link'><a href="/" oncontextmenu="javascript: return false;" class="minipanel-dialog-link-trigger" title="Email this Article" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><i class = 'icon-envelope'></i> Email</a></div><div class='minipanel-dialog-link-mini' style='display:none'><div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-biorxiv_art_email"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-forward-form pane-forward" > <div class="pane-content"> <form action="/content/10.1101/19000380v1" method="post" id="forward-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div id="edit-instructions" class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-item"> <p>Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about medRxiv.</p><p>NOTE: Your email address is requested solely to identify you as the sender of this article.</p> </div> <div class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-textfield form-item-email"> <label for="edit-email">Your Email <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input type="text" id="edit-email" name="email" value="" size="58" maxlength="256" class="form-text required" /> </div> <div class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-textfield form-item-name"> <label for="edit-name">Your Name <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input type="text" id="edit-name" name="name" value="" size="58" maxlength="256" class="form-text required" /> </div> <div class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-textarea form-item-recipients"> <label for="edit-recipients">Send To <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <div class="form-textarea-wrapper resizable"><textarea id="edit-recipients" name="recipients" cols="50" rows="5" class="form-textarea required"></textarea></div> <div class="description">Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.</div> </div> <div id="edit-page" class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-item"> <label for="edit-page">You are going to email the following </label> <a href="/content/10.1101/19000380v1" class="active" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Disease overarching mechanisms that explain and predict outcome of patients with high cardiovascular risk: rationale and design of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) study</a> </div> <div id="edit-subject" class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-item"> <label for="edit-subject">Message Subject </label> (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from medRxiv </div> <div id="edit-body" class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-item"> <label for="edit-body">Message Body </label> (Your Name) thought you would like to see this page from the medRxiv website. </div> <div class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-textarea form-item-message"> <label for="edit-message--2">Your Personal Message </label> <div class="form-textarea-wrapper resizable"><textarea id="edit-message--2" name="message" cols="50" rows="10" class="form-textarea"></textarea></div> </div> <input type="hidden" name="path" value="node/91838" /> <input type="hidden" name="path_cid" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="forward_footer" value=" " /> <input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-ZkJWdCYWl92i0mTy5beA1onnw6dOkkJUegSyBhJfh7A" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="forward_form" /> <fieldset class="captcha form-wrapper"><legend><span class="fieldset-legend">CAPTCHA</span></legend><div class="fieldset-wrapper"><div class="fieldset-description">This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.</div><input type="hidden" name="captcha_sid" value="411246322" /> <input type="hidden" name="captcha_token" value="ff95a6489b9f14e96a9108e61c2a2c8e" /> <input type="hidden" name="captcha_response" value="Google no captcha" /> <div class="g-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LfnJVIUAAAAAE-bUOMg0MJGki4lqSvDmhJp19fN" data-theme="light" data-type="image"></div></div></fieldset> <div class="form-actions form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Send Message" class="form-submit" /></div></div></form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-share-link highwire_clipboard_link_ajax" id="shareit"> <div class="pane-content"> <a href="/" class="link-icon"><span class="icon-share-alt"></span> <span class="title">Share</span></a> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-biorxiv-share highwire_clipboard_form_ajax_shareit" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-display omega-12-onecol" id="mini-panel-biorxiv_share"> <div class="panel-panel grid-12 panel-region-preface"> <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-article-citation" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node91838--3" data-node-nid="91838" id="node-91838--4310477957" data-pisa="medrxiv;19000380v1" data-pisa-master="medrxiv;19000380" data-seqnum="91838" data-apath="/medrxiv/early/2019/06/25/19000380.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-biorxiv-article-pap-list clearfix" > <div class="highwire-cite-title" > <div class="highwire-cite-title">Disease overarching mechanisms that explain and predict outcome of patients with high cardiovascular risk: rationale and design of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) study</div> </div> <div class="highwire-cite-authors" ><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Bob</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Siegerink</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Joachim</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Weber</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">Michael</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Ahmadi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">Kai-Uwe</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Eckardt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">Frank</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Edelmann</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">Matthias</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Endres</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">Holger</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Gerhardt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">Kathrin</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Haubold</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">Norbert</span> <span class="nlm-surname">H眉bner</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">Ulf</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Landmesser</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">David</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Leistner</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11"><span class="nlm-given-names">Knut</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mai</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12"><span class="nlm-given-names">Dominik N</span> <span class="nlm-surname">M眉ller</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="13"><span class="nlm-given-names">Burkert</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Pieske</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="14"><span class="nlm-given-names">Geraldine</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Rauch</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="15"><span class="nlm-given-names">Sein</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Schmidt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="16"><span class="nlm-given-names">Kai</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Schmidt-Ott</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="17"><span class="nlm-given-names">Jeanette</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Schulz-Menger</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="18"><span class="nlm-given-names">Joachim</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Spranger</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="19"><span class="nlm-given-names">Tobias</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Pischon</span></span></span></div> <div class="highwire-cite-metadata" ><span class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">medRxiv </span><span class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">19000380; </span><span class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="doi_label">doi:</span> https://doi.org/10.1101/19000380 </span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-panel grid-12 panel-region-content"> <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-article-clipboard-copy" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class = "clipboard-copy"> <span class="label-url"> <label for="dynamic">Share This Article:</label> </span> <span class="input-text-url"> <input type="text" id="dynamic" value="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1" size="50"/> </span> <span class="copy-button button"> <button id="copy-dynamic" class="clipboardjs-button" data-clipboard-target="#dynamic" data-clipboard-alert-style="tooltip" data-clipboard-alert-text="Copied!">Copy</button> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-panel grid-12 panel-region-postscript"> <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-service-links text-center" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="service-links"><a href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A//www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1&text=Disease%20overarching%20mechanisms%20that%20explain%20and%20predict%20outcome%20of%20patients%20with%20high%20cardiovascular%20risk%3A%20rationale%20and%20design%20of%20the%20Berlin%20Long-term%20Observation%20of%20Vascular%20Events%20%28BeLOVE%29%20study" id="twitter" title="Share this on Twitter" class="service-links-twitter" rel="nofollow" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img src="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/images/twitter.png" alt="Twitter logo" /></a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A//www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1&t=Disease%20overarching%20mechanisms%20that%20explain%20and%20predict%20outcome%20of%20patients%20with%20high%20cardiovascular%20risk%3A%20rationale%20and%20design%20of%20the%20Berlin%20Long-term%20Observation%20of%20Vascular%20Events%20%28BeLOVE%29%20study" id="facebook" title="Share on Facebook" class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img src="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/images/fb-blue.png" alt="Facebook logo" /></a> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A//www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1&title=Disease%20overarching%20mechanisms%20that%20explain%20and%20predict%20outcome%20of%20patients%20with%20high%20cardiovascular%20risk%3A%20rationale%20and%20design%20of%20the%20Berlin%20Long-term%20Observation%20of%20Vascular%20Events%20%28BeLOVE%29%20study&summary=&source=medRxiv" id="linkedin" title="Publish this post to LinkedIn" class="service-links-linkedin" rel="nofollow" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img src="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/images/linkedin-32px.png" alt="LinkedIn logo" /></a> <a href="http://www.mendeley.com/import/?url=https%3A//www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1&title=Disease%20overarching%20mechanisms%20that%20explain%20and%20predict%20outcome%20of%20patients%20with%20high%20cardiovascular%20risk%3A%20rationale%20and%20design%20of%20the%20Berlin%20Long-term%20Observation%20of%20Vascular%20Events%20%28BeLOVE%29%20study" id="mendeley" title="Share on Mendeley" class="service-links-mendeley" rel="nofollow" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img src="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/images/mendeley.png" alt="Mendeley logo" /></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-minipanel-dialog-link pane-biorxiv-cite-tool" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class='minipanel-dialog-wrapper'><div class='minipanel-dialog-link-link'><a href="/" oncontextmenu="javascript: return false;" class="minipanel-dialog-link-trigger link-icon" title="Citation Tools"><span class="icon-globe"></span> <span class="title">Citation Tools</span></a></div><div class='minipanel-dialog-link-mini' style='display:none'><div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-biorxiv_cite_tool"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-citation-export" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="highwire-citation-export"> <div class="highwire-citation-info"> <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article cite-tool-node91838--3" data-node-nid="91838" id="citation-node-91838--41255902963" data-pisa="medrxiv;19000380v1" data-pisa-master="medrxiv;19000380" data-seqnum="91838" data-apath="/medrxiv/early/2019/06/25/19000380.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-biorxiv-article-pap-list clearfix" > <div class="highwire-cite-title" > <div class="highwire-cite-title">Disease overarching mechanisms that explain and predict outcome of patients with high cardiovascular risk: rationale and design of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) study</div> </div> <div class="highwire-cite-authors" ><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Bob</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Siegerink</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Joachim</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Weber</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">Michael</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Ahmadi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">Kai-Uwe</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Eckardt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">Frank</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Edelmann</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">Matthias</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Endres</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">Holger</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Gerhardt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">Kathrin</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Haubold</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">Norbert</span> <span class="nlm-surname">H眉bner</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">Ulf</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Landmesser</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">David</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Leistner</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11"><span class="nlm-given-names">Knut</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mai</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12"><span class="nlm-given-names">Dominik N</span> <span class="nlm-surname">M眉ller</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="13"><span class="nlm-given-names">Burkert</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Pieske</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="14"><span class="nlm-given-names">Geraldine</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Rauch</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="15"><span class="nlm-given-names">Sein</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Schmidt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="16"><span class="nlm-given-names">Kai</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Schmidt-Ott</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="17"><span class="nlm-given-names">Jeanette</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Schulz-Menger</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="18"><span class="nlm-given-names">Joachim</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Spranger</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="19"><span class="nlm-given-names">Tobias</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Pischon</span></span></span></div> <div class="highwire-cite-metadata" ><span class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">medRxiv </span><span class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">19000380; </span><span class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="doi_label">doi:</span> https://doi.org/10.1101/19000380 </span></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="highwire-citation-formats"> <h2>Citation Manager Formats</h2> <div class="highwire-citation-formats-links"> <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.spage&rft.epage&rft.atitle=Disease%20overarching%20mechanisms%20that%20explain%20and%20predict%20outcome%20of%20patients%20with%20high%20cardiovascular%20risk%3A%20rationale%20and%20design%20of%20the%20Berlin%20Long-term%20Observation%20of%20Vascular%20Events%20%28BeLOVE%29%20study&rft.volume&rft.issue&rft.date=2019-01-01%2000%3A00%3A00&rft.stitle&rft.jtitle=medRxiv&rft.au=Siegerink%2C+Bob&rft.au=Weber%2C+Joachim&rft.au=Ahmadi%2C+Michael&rft.au=Eckardt%2C+Kai-Uwe&rft.au=Edelmann%2C+Frank&rft.au=Endres%2C+Matthias&rft.au=Gerhardt%2C+Holger&rft.au=Haubold%2C+Kathrin&rft.au=H%C3%BCbner%2C+Norbert&rft.au=Landmesser%2C+Ulf&rft.au=Leistner%2C+David&rft.au=Mai%2C+Knut&rft.au=M%C3%BCller%2C+Dominik+N&rft.au=Pieske%2C+Burkert&rft.au=Rauch%2C+Geraldine&rft.au=Schmidt%2C+Sein&rft.au=Schmidt-Ott%2C+Kai&rft.au=Schulz-Menger%2C+Jeanette&rft.au=Spranger%2C+Joachim&rft.au=Pischon%2C+Tobias"></span><ul class="hw-citation-links inline button button-alt button-grid clearfix"><li class="bibtext first"><a href="/highwire/citation/91838/bibtext" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">BibTeX</a></li><li class="bookends"><a href="/highwire/citation/91838/bookends" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Bookends</a></li><li class="easybib"><a href="/highwire/citation/91838/easybib" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">EasyBib</a></li><li class="endnote-tagged"><a href="/highwire/citation/91838/endnote-tagged" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">EndNote (tagged)</a></li><li class="endnote-8-xml"><a href="/highwire/citation/91838/endnote-8-xml" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">EndNote 8 (xml)</a></li><li class="medlars"><a href="/highwire/citation/91838/medlars" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Medlars</a></li><li class="mendeley"><a href="/highwire/citation/91838/mendeley" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Mendeley</a></li><li class="papers"><a href="/highwire/citation/91838/papers" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Papers</a></li><li class="refworks-tagged"><a href="/highwire/citation/91838/refworks-tagged" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">RefWorks Tagged</a></li><li class="reference-manager"><a href="/highwire/citation/91838/reference-manager" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Ref Manager</a></li><li class="ris"><a href="/highwire/citation/91838/ris" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">RIS</a></li><li class="zotero last"><a href="/highwire/citation/91838/zotero" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Zotero</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /.panel-row-wrapper --> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-service-links" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="service-links"><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first"><a href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A//www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1&count=horizontal&via=&text=Disease%20overarching%20mechanisms%20that%20explain%20and%20predict%20outcome%20of%20patients%20with%20high%20cardiovascular%20risk%3A%20rationale%20and%20design%20of%20the%20Berlin%20Long-term%20Observation%20of%20Vascular%20Events%20%28BeLOVE%29%20study&counturl=https%3A//www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1" class="twitter-share-button service-links-twitter-widget" id="twitter_widget" title="Tweet This" rel="nofollow" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="element-invisible">Tweet Widget</span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=https%3A//www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1&layout=button_count&show_faces=false&action=like&colorscheme=light&width=100&height=21&font=&locale=" id="facebook_like" title="I Like it" class="service-links-facebook-like" rel="nofollow" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="element-invisible">Facebook Like</span></a></li><li class="last"><a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/19000380v1" id="google_plus_one" title="Plus it" class="service-links-google-plus-one" rel="nofollow" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="element-invisible">Google Plus One</span></a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-article-collections" > <h2 class="pane-title">Subject Area</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="highwire-list-wrapper highwire-article-collections"><div class="highwire-list"><ul class="highwire-article-collection-term-list"><li class="first last odd"><span class="highwire-article-collection-term"><a href="/collection/cardiovascular-medicine" class="highlight" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Cardiovascular Medicine<i class="icon-caret-right"></i> </a></span></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-biorxiv-subject-collections block-style-col2" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-flexible panels-flexible-new clearfix" id="mini-panel-biorxiv_subject_collections"> <div class="panel-flexible-inside panels-flexible-new-inside"> <div class="panels-flexible-region panels-flexible-region-new-center panels-flexible-region-first panels-flexible-region-last"> <div class="inside panels-flexible-region-inside panels-flexible-region-new-center-inside panels-flexible-region-inside-first panels-flexible-region-inside-last"> <div class="panel-pane pane-snippet" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="snippet biorxiv-subject-areas-table-title" id="biorxiv-subject-areas-table-title"> <div class="snippet-content"> <b>Subject Areas</b> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-snippet" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="snippet biorxiv-subject-areas-view-papers" id="biorxiv-subject-areas-view-papers"> <div class="snippet-content"> <a href="/content/early/recent"><strong>All Articles</strong></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-subject-collections" > <div class="pane-content"> <ul id="collection" class="collection highwire-list-expand"><li class="outer collection depth-2 child first"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/addiction-medicine" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Addiction Medicine</a> <span class = "article-count">(386)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/allergy-and-immunology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Allergy and Immunology</a> <span class = "article-count">(701)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/anesthesia" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Anesthesia</a> <span class = "article-count">(193)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/cardiovascular-medicine" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Cardiovascular Medicine</a> <span class = "article-count">(2859)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/dentistry-and-oral-medicine" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Dentistry and Oral Medicine</a> <span class = "article-count">(326)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/dermatology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Dermatology</a> <span class = "article-count">(244)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/emergency-medicine" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Emergency Medicine</a> <span class = "article-count">(431)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/endocrinology-including-diabetes-mellitus-and-metabolic-disease" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Endocrinology (including Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Disease)</a> <span class = "article-count">(1011)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/epidemiology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Epidemiology</a> <span class = "article-count">(12569)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/forensic-medicine" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Forensic Medicine</a> <span class = "article-count">(10)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/gastroenterology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Gastroenterology</a> <span class = "article-count">(807)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/genetic-and-genomic-medicine" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Genetic and Genomic Medicine</a> <span class = "article-count">(4447)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/geriatric-medicine" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Geriatric Medicine</a> <span class = "article-count">(402)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/health-economics" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Health Economics</a> <span class = "article-count">(716)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/health-informatics" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Health Informatics</a> <span class = "article-count">(2856)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/health-policy" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Health Policy</a> <span class = "article-count">(1050)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/health-systems-and-quality-improvement" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Health Systems and Quality Improvement</a> <span class = "article-count">(1050)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/hematology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Hematology</a> <span class = "article-count">(376)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/hiv-aids" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">HIV/AIDS</a> <span class = "article-count">(893)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/infectious_diseases" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Infectious Diseases (except HIV/AIDS)</a> <span class = "article-count">(13986)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/intensive-care-and-critical-care-medicine" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Intensive Care and Critical Care Medicine</a> <span class = "article-count">(831)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/medical-education" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Medical Education</a> <span class = "article-count">(415)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/medical-ethics" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Medical Ethics</a> <span class = "article-count">(114)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/nephrology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Nephrology</a> <span class = "article-count">(464)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/neurology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Neurology</a> <span class = "article-count">(4201)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/nursing" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Nursing</a> <span class = "article-count">(223)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/nutrition" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Nutrition</a> <span class = "article-count">(617)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/obstetrics-and-gynecology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Obstetrics and Gynecology</a> <span class = "article-count">(788)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/occupational-and-environmental-health" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Occupational and Environmental Health</a> <span class = "article-count">(723)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/oncology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Oncology</a> <span class = "article-count">(2205)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/ophthalmology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Ophthalmology</a> <span class = "article-count">(626)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/orthopedics" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Orthopedics</a> <span class = "article-count">(254)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/otolaryngology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Otolaryngology</a> <span class = "article-count">(319)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/pain-medicine" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Pain Medicine</a> <span class = "article-count">(269)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/palliative-medicine" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Palliative Medicine</a> <span class = "article-count">(83)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/pathology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Pathology</a> <span class = "article-count">(488)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/pediatrics" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Pediatrics</a> <span class = "article-count">(1172)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/pharmacology-and-therapeutics" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Pharmacology and Therapeutics</a> <span class = "article-count">(489)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/primary-care-research" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Primary Care Research</a> <span class = "article-count">(483)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/psychiatry-and-clinical-psychology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology</a> <span class = "article-count">(3658)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/public-and-global-health" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Public and Global Health</a> <span class = "article-count">(6787)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/radiology-and-imaging" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Radiology and Imaging</a> <span class = "article-count">(1494)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/rehabilitation-medicine-and-physical-therapy" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Rehabilitation Medicine and Physical Therapy</a> <span class = "article-count">(869)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/respiratory-medicine" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Respiratory Medicine</a> <span class = "article-count">(902)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/rheumatology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Rheumatology</a> <span class = "article-count">(430)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/sexual-and-reproductive-health" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Sexual and Reproductive Health</a> <span class = "article-count">(433)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/sports-medicine" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Sports Medicine</a> <span class = "article-count">(369)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/surgery" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Surgery</a> <span class = "article-count">(473)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/toxicology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Toxicology</a> <span class = "article-count">(57)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/transplantation" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Transplantation</a> <span class = "article-count">(202)</span></div></li> <li class="outer collection depth-2 child last"><div class = "data-wrapper"><a href="/collection/urology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Urology</a> <span class = "article-count">(174)</span></div></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /.panel-row-wrapper --> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="region region-page-bottom" id="region-page-bottom"> <div class="region-inner region-page-bottom-inner"> </div> </div><script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__Vh5BcRYb6VtLoN3uam6O4DIKltYUVMjVDWtakoysPq0__Wed8jsPTirEozek7dWSCS8970Cp7a9xKKgFk6FPuSVM__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://d33xdlntwy0kbs.cloudfront.net/cshl_custom_medrxiv.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.medrxiv.org/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__BmqjBnkz3MgYCAoc25s1lDRMEjLhC3mEPVonUFIHi08__Unwv5-ZIuHBfFwytsjEx1niBVJ7n1T4lPws7VrkHXM4__EJK5Ll7b5lGK3vCcC61vJSpnnlwWCn8d6_LJW7hCX3M.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- function euCookieComplianceLoadScripts() {} //--><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- var eu_cookie_compliance_cookie_name = ""; //--><!]]> </script> </body> </html>