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id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Začiatok</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Poloha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poloha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Poloha</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poloha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historické_názvy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historické_názvy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historické názvy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historické_názvy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Historické názvy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historické_názvy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prehľad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehľad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Prehľad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehľad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Podrobnosti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Podrobnosti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Podrobnosti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Podrobnosti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Oficiálne_názvy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oficiálne_názvy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Oficiálne názvy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oficiálne_názvy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Významné_neoficiálne_názvy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Významné_neoficiálne_názvy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Významné neoficiálne názvy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Významné_neoficiálne_názvy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dejiny" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dejiny"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dejiny</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dejiny-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Dejiny</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dejiny-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ekumenické_koncily" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekumenické_koncily"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Ekumenické koncily</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ekumenické_koncily-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tradičná_kultúra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tradičná_kultúra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Tradičná kultúra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tradičná_kultúra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pamiatky" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pamiatky"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Pamiatky</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pamiatky-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Komunálna_politika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komunálna_politika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Komunálna politika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Komunálna_politika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Doprava" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Doprava"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Doprava</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Doprava-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Doprava</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Doprava-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Letecká_doprava" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Letecká_doprava"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Letecká doprava</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Letecká_doprava-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mestská_hromadná_doprava" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mestská_hromadná_doprava"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Mestská hromadná doprava</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mestská_hromadná_doprava-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Partnerské_mestá" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Partnerské_mestá"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Partnerské mestá</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Partnerské_mestá-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Referencie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pozri_aj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pozri_aj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Pozri aj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pozri_aj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iné_projekty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iné_projekty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Iné projekty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iné_projekty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prepnúť obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prepnúť obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Istanbul</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prejsť na článok v inom jazyku. Je dostupný v 227 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-227" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">227 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Сҭампыл – abcházčina" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Сҭампыл" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abcházčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89seutamu" title="Éseutamu – acehčina" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Éseutamu" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="acehčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Истамбыл – adygejčina" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Истамбыл" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adygejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboel" title="Istanboel – afrikánčina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Istanboel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – nemčina (švajčiarska)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="nemčina (švajčiarska)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A2%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B3%E1%8A%95%E1%89%A1%E1%88%8D" title="ኢስታንቡል – amharčina" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኢስታንቡል" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul – aragónčina" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantinopolis" title="Constantinopolis – stará angličtina" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Constantinopolis" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="stará angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="إسطنبول – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إسطنبول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%9D%DC%A3%DC%9B%DC%A2%DC%92%DC%98%DC%A0_(%DC%A1%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%A2%DC%AC%DC%90)" title="ܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ) – aramejčina" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="إسطنبول – arabština (marocká)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إسطنبول" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabština (marocká)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استانبول – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="استانبول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2" title="ইষ্টানবুল – ásamčina" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইষ্টানবুল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ásamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – astúrčina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúrčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – avarčina" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – azerbajdžančina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="ایستانبول – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایستانبول" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – baškirčina" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – balijčina" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – bavorština" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavorština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambols" title="Stambols – žemaitština" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Stambols" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – bieloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – bulharčina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तांबुल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इस्तांबुल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – bambarčina" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2" title="ইস্তাম্বুল – bengálčina" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইস্তাম্বুল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – bretónčina" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Истмала – čečenčina" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Истмала" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – cebuánčina" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – čejenčina" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="čejenčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%DA%B5" title="ئەستەمبوڵ – kurdčina (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەستەمبوڵ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdčina (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – krymská tatárčina" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krymská tatárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sztamb%C3%B9l" title="Sztambùl – kašubčina" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Sztambùl" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kašubčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%A3%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%84%D1%8C_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8A" title="Цѣсар҄ь Градъ – cirkevná slovančina" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Цѣсар҄ь Градъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="cirkevná slovančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – waleština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="waleština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estamol" title="Estamol – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Estamol" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – dolnolužická srbčina" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="dolnolužická srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – kadazandusunština" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="kadazandusunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%89%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Κωνσταντινούπολη – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κωνσταντινούπολη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbulo" title="Istanbulo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Istanbulo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – extremadurština" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremadurština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استانبول – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="استانبول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – võruština" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – fidžijčina" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidžijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – faerčina" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faerčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboul" title="Istanboul – franko-provensálština" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Istanboul" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="franko-provensálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – severná frízština" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="severná frízština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – friulčina" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanb%C3%BBl" title="Istanbûl – západná frízština" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Istanbûl" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="západná frízština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iostanb%C3%BAl" title="Iostanbúl – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iostanbúl" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – gagauzština" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E7%88%BE" title="伊斯坦布爾 – čínština (dialekty Gan)" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="伊斯坦布爾" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Gan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – škótska gaelčina" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škótska gaelčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul – galícijčina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galícijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8A%D9%84" title="ايستامبۊل – gilačtina" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ايستامبۊل" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="gilačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – guaraníjčina" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraníjčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BB" title="𐌺𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌿𐌻 – gótčina" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌺𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌿𐌻" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gótčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – mančina" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – hauština" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hauština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – čínština (dialekty Hakka)" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Hakka)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C" title="איסטנבול – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איסטנבול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तांबुल – hindčina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इस्तांबुल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – hindština (Fidži)" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindština (Fidži)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – hornolužická srbčina" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="hornolužická srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboul" title="Istanboul – haitská kreolčina" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Istanboul" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitská kreolčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isztambul" title="Isztambul – maďarčina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Isztambul" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC" title="Ստամբուլ – arménčina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ստամբուլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BA%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC" title="Իսթանպուլ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Իսթանպուլ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – ibančina" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ibančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – ilokánčina" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilokánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Истмале – inguština" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Истмале" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="inguština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanb%C3%BAl" title="Istanbúl – islandčina" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Istanbúl" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="イスタンブール – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イスタンブール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – jamajská kreolština" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamajská kreolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – jávčina" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jávčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სტამბოლი – gruzínčina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სტამბოლი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – karakalpačtina" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul – kabylčina" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Истамбыл – kabardčina" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Истамбыл" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isitambuli" title="Isitambuli – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Isitambuli" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itambut" title="Itambut – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Itambut" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – kikujčina" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikujčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D2%B1%D0%BB" title="Ыстанбұл – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ыстанбұл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಇಸ್ತಾಂಬುಲ್ – kannadčina" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಸ್ತಾಂಬುಲ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84%EB%B6%88" title="이스탄불 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이스탄불" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – karačajevsko-balkarčina" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karačajevsko-balkarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stembol" title="Stembol – kurdčina" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Stembol" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – kornčina" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – kirgizština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantinopolis" title="Constantinopolis – latinčina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Constantinopolis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambol" title="Estambol – židovská španielčina" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Estambol" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="židovská španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – luxemburčina" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истамбул – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Истамбул" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истамбул – lezginčina" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Истамбул" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezginčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboel" title="Istanboel – limburčina" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Istanboel" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – lombardština" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – lingalčina" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%99" title="ອິສະຕັນບູນ – laoština" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອິສະຕັນບູນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambulas" title="Stambulas – litovčina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stambulas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambula" title="Stambula – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Stambula" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – maithilčina" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – mokšiančina" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokšiančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – malgaština" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%C4%81nipuru" title="Itānipuru – maorijčina" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Itānipuru" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maorijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – minangkabaučina" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabaučina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – macedónčina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BE" title="ഇസ്താംബുൾ – malajálamčina" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇസ്താംബുൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – mongolčina" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तंबूल – maráthčina" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इस्तंबूल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – marijština (západní)" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="marijština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – malajčina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – maltčina" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="အစ်စတန်ဘူလ်မြို့ – barmčina" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အစ်စတန်ဘူလ်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Стамбул ош – erzjančina" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Стамбул ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzjančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استامبول – mázandaránčina" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="استامبول" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mázandaránčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – dolná nemčina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolná nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboel" title="Istanboel – dolná saština" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Istanboel" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="dolná saština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – nepálčina" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तान्बुल – nevárčina" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इस्तान्बुल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – nórčina (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nórčina (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coustantinobles" title="Coustantinobles – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Coustantinobles" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C5%82ch%CA%BC%C4%AF%CA%BC_N%C3%A1%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%A1h%C3%A1" title="Ałchʼįʼ Nááʼáhá – navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ałchʼįʼ Nááʼáhá" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – ňandža" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="ňandža" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambol" title="Istambol – okcitánčina" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Istambol" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – osetčina" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B2" title="ਇਸਤਾਨਬੁਲ – pandžábčina" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸਤਾਨਬੁਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžábčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istamboul" title="Istamboul – picardština" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Istamboul" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picardština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbuel" title="Istanbuel – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Istanbuel" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambu%C5%82" title="Stambuł – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stambuł" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – piemonština" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول – paštčina" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanpul" title="Istanpul – kečuánčina" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Istanpul" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – rétorománčina" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="rétorománčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Істанбул – rusínština" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Істанбул" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – rwandčina" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="rwandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – jakutčina" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – sardínčina" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – sicílčina" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicílčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – škótčina" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škótčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول – sindhčina" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – saamčina (severná)" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="saamčina (severná)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A" title="ඉස්තාන්බුල් – sinhalčina" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉස්තාන්බුල්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carigrad" title="Carigrad – slovinčina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Carigrad" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbuul" title="Istanbuul – somálčina" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Istanbuul" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambolli" title="Stambolli – albánčina" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Stambolli" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – swahilčina" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambu%C5%82" title="Stambuł – slezština" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Stambuł" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="slezština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="இசுதான்புல் – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுதான்புல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="ఇస్తాంబుల్ – telugčina" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇస్తాంబుల్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – tetumčina" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetumčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – tadžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5" title="อิสตันบูล – thajčina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อิสตันบูล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambul" title="Stambul – turkménčina" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Stambul" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – tagalčina" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – talyština" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – tatárčina" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – tuviančina" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuviančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – udmurtčina" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%DB%87%D9%84" title="ئىستانبۇل – ujgurčina" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئىستانبۇل" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول – urdčina" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – benátština" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="benátština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambul" title="Stambul – vepština" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Stambul" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – vietnamčina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – vlámština (západní)" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="vlámština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94" title="伊斯坦布尔 – čínština (wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊斯坦布尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სტამბოლი – mingrelština" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სტამბოლი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C" title="סטאמבול – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סטאמבול" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – jorubčina" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – zélandština" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zélandština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8D" title="ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵏⴱⵓⵍ – tuaregčina (marocká štandardná)" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵏⴱⵓⵍ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="tuaregčina (marocká štandardná)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%A0%A1" title="伊斯坦堡 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊斯坦堡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E7%88%BE" title="伊斯坦布爾 – čínština (klasická)" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="伊斯坦布爾" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="čínština (klasická)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%A0%A1" title="伊斯坦堡 – kantončina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊斯坦堡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – zuluština" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zuluština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q406#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Upraviť medzijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upraviť odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Menné priestory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Zobraziť obsah stránky [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stránka</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusia:Istanbul" rel="discussion" title="Diskusia o obsahu stránky [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">slovenčina</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazenia"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istanbul"><span>Čítať</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit" title="Upraviť túto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Upraviť</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit" title="Upraviť zdrojový kód tejto stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Upraviť zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=history" title="Minulé revízie tejto stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobraziť históriu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje stránky"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akcie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istanbul"><span>Čítať</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit" title="Upraviť túto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Upraviť</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit" title="Upraviť zdrojový kód tejto stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Upraviť zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=history"><span>Zobraziť históriu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Všeobecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:%C4%8CoOdkazujeSem/Istanbul" title="Zoznam všetkých wiki stránok, ktoré sem odkazujú [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazy na túto stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:S%C3%BAvisiacePosledn%C3%A9%C3%9Apravy/Istanbul" rel="nofollow" title="Posledné úpravy na stránkach, na ktoré odkazuje táto stránka [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Súvisiace úpravy</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=sk" title="Nahranie súborov [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Nahrať súbor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lneStr%C3%A1nky" title="Zoznam všetkých špeciálnych stránok [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Špeciálne stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&oldid=7918318" title="Trvalý odkaz na túto verziu stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=info" title="Viac informácií o tejto stránke"><span>Informácie o stránke</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Citova%C5%A5&page=Istanbul&id=7918318&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informácie ako citovať túto stránku"><span>Citovať túto stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsk.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIstanbul"><span>Získať skrátené URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsk.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIstanbul"><span>Stiahnuť QR kód</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tlačiť/exportovať </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Knihy&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Istanbul"><span>Vytvoriť knihu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:DownloadAsPdf&page=Istanbul&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stiahnuť ako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&printable=yes" title="Verzia tejto stránky pre tlač [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verzia pre tlač</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> V iných projektoch </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q406" title="Odkaz na prepojenú položku dátového úložiska [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje stránky"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhľad"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhľad</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skryť</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">z Wikipédie, slobodnej encyklopédie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Presmerované z <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kon%C5%A1tant%C3%ADnopol&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Konštantínopol">Konštantínopol</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"><div><span style="font-size: small;"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Zemepisn%C3%A9_s%C3%BAradnice" title="Zemepisné súradnice">Súradnice</a>: <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Istanbul&language=sk&params=41.0122_N_28.9758_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapy, letecké fotografie a iné dáta pre 41°00′44″S 28°58′33″V"><span class="latitude">41°00′44″S</span> <span class="longitude">28°58′33″V</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapy, letecké fotografie a iné dáta pre 41,0122 28,9758">41,0122°S 28,9758°V</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.0122; 28.9758</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></div> <table class="infobox geography" style="width: 256px; padding: 0; font-size: 89%;"> <tbody><tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Názov (miestny názov)"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.25em; background-color: #dfdfdf;">Istanbul<br /><small>(İstanbul)</small> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow" title="Kategória"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #dfdfdf;">najväčšie mesto <a href="/wiki/Turecko" title="Turecko">Tureckej republiky</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 0.5em;"><div><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg/270px-Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="355" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg/405px-Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg/540px-Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg 2x" data-file-width="647" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Štát, v ktorých objekt leží"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Štát </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Turecko"><img alt="Turecko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turecko" title="Turecko">Turecko</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Región v ktorých objekt leží"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Región </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap">Marmara</span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Okres, v ktorých objekt leží"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Okres </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Istanbul</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Geografické súradnice"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Súradnice </th> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Istanbul&language=sk&params=41.0122_N_28.9758_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapy, letecké fotografie a iné dáta pre 41°00′44″S 28°58′33″V"><span class="latitude">41°00′44″S</span> <span class="longitude">28°58′33″V</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapy, letecké fotografie a iné dáta pre 41,0122 28,9758">41,0122°S 28,9758°V</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.0122; 28.9758</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Názov najvyššieho bodu"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Najvyšší bod </th> <td>100 m </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="rozloha"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Rozloha </th> <td>1 539 <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tvorcov%C3%BD_kilometer" title="Štvorcový kilometer">km²</a> (153 900 <a href="/wiki/Hekt%C3%A1r" title="Hektár">ha</a>) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Rozloha okresu"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"> - okresu </td> <td>5 343 <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tvorcov%C3%BD_kilometer" title="Štvorcový kilometer">km²</a> (534 300 <a href="/wiki/Hekt%C3%A1r" title="Hektár">ha</a>) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Počet obyvateľov"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Obyvateľstvo </th> <td>15 655 924 <small>(<i>31.12.2023</i>)</small> <i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Hustota obyvateľov"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Hustota </th> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap">2 813 obyv./<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tvorcov%C3%BD_kilometer" title="Štvorcový kilometer">km²</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Dátum vzniku"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Založenie </th> <td>667 pred Kr. ako <a href="/wiki/Byzantion" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantion">Byzantion</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Foundation date 1"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"> - Založenie </td> <td>330 ako Nový Rím alebo <a href="/wiki/Kon%C5%A1tant%C3%ADnopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Konštantínopol">Konštantínopol</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Foundation date 2"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"> - Založenie </td> <td>1453 ako Istanbul </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Primátor mesta"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Primátor </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekrem_%C4%B0mamo%C4%9Flu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekrem İmamoğlu (stránka neexistuje)">Ekrem İmamoğlu</a><sup id="cite_ref-ekrem_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ekrem-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<i><a href="/wiki/Republik%C3%A1nska_%C4%BEudov%C3%A1_strana_(Turecko)" title="Republikánska ľudová strana (Turecko)">CHP</a></i>) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Základné časové pásmo"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Časové pásmo </th> <td><a href="/wiki/V%C3%BDchodoeur%C3%B3psky_%C4%8Das" title="Východoeurópsky čas">VEČ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Koordinovan%C3%BD_svetov%C3%BD_%C4%8Das" title="Koordinovaný svetový čas">UTC</a>+2) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Letný čas"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"> - letný čas </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B3psky_letn%C3%BD_%C4%8Das" title="Európsky letný čas">VELČ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Koordinovan%C3%BD_svetov%C3%BD_%C4%8Das" title="Koordinovaný svetový čas">UTC</a>+3) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="PSČ"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">PSČ </th> <td>34010 až 34850 a 80000 až 81800 </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Telefónna predvoľba"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Telefónna predvoľba </th> <td>(+90) 212 (európska strana) (+90) 216 (ázijská strana) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Iný kód"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Kód </th> <td>34 </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="{<br/> je zapísané do zoznamu lokalít Svetového dedičstva UNESCO"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #dfdfdf; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 6px;"><b><a href="/wiki/Svetov%C3%A9_dedi%C4%8Dstvo_UNESCO" title="Svetové dedičstvo UNESCO">Lokalita svetového dedičstva UNESCO</a></b> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Názov ako je uvedený v zozname Svetového dedičstva UNSECO"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Názov </th> <td>Historic Areas of Istanbul </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Rok zápisu (číslo zasadnutia)"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Svetov%C3%A9_dedi%C4%8Dstvo_UNESCO#Zasadnutie_výboru_Svetového_dedičstva" title="Svetové dedičstvo UNESCO">Rok zápisu</a><br /><span style="font-weight: normal">(č. zasadnutia)</span> </th> <td>1985 (#9) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Číslo, pod akým je lokalita zaregistrovaná"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Číslo </th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/356">356</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Región ako je klasifikovaný UNESCOm"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Región </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Lokality_Svetov%C3%A9ho_dedi%C4%8Dstva_v_Eur%C3%B3pe_a_Severnej_Amerike" title="Lokality Svetového dedičstva v Európe a Severnej Amerike">Európa a Severná Amerika</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Kritériá výberu"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Svetov%C3%A9_dedi%C4%8Dstvo_UNESCO#Kritériá_výberu" title="Svetové dedičstvo UNESCO">Kritériá</a> </th> <td>i, ii, iii, iv </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> <div style="width: 270px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" class="noviewer"> <div style="position: relative;"> <div style="position: relative;"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Turkey_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Poloha v mesta v rámci Turecka"><img alt="Poloha v mesta v rámci Turecka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Turkey_location_map.svg/270px-Turkey_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Turkey_location_map.svg/405px-Turkey_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Turkey_location_map.svg/540px-Turkey_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1579" data-file-height="677" /></a></span></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:45.26px; top:20.6px; padding:0; line-height:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Red_pog.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div style="padding-top: 0.4em; text-align: center;"> Poloha v mesta v rámci Turecka </div> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> <div style="width: 270px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" class="noviewer"> <div style="position: relative;"> <div style="position: relative;"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Istanbul_location_districts.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mestské obvody"><img alt="Mestské obvody" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Istanbul_location_districts.svg/270px-Istanbul_location_districts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Istanbul_location_districts.svg/405px-Istanbul_location_districts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Istanbul_location_districts.svg/540px-Istanbul_location_districts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="276" /></a></span></div> </div> <div style="padding-top: 0.4em; text-align: center;"> Mestské obvody </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr title="Wikimedia Commons ponúka multimediálny obsah k téme Istanbul"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Wikimedia Commons: </b> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Istanbul" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Istanbul">Istanbul</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Oficiálna stránka"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Webová stránka: </b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibb.gov.tr/">www.ibb.gov.tr</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>OpenStreetMap: </b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1882099475#map=14/41.0122/28.9758">mapa</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka: </b><div style="border: solid #aaa 1px; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 0ex 1ex; display:inline-table; padding: 0ex 0.05ex; border-style:none; background:transparent;" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka"> <table style="margin: 0; padding: 0ex"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;margin: 0;border:none;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border:none;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Geografia" title="Geografický portál"><img alt="Geografický portál" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/18px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/27px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/36px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Geografia" title="Portál:Geografia">Geografický portál</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Svetov%C3%A9_dedi%C4%8Dstvo_UNESCO" title="Svetové dedičstvo UNESCO"><img alt="Svetové dedičstvo UNESCO" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Welterbe.svg/50px-Welterbe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Welterbe.svg/75px-Welterbe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Welterbe.svg/100px-Welterbe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a><figcaption>Svetové dedičstvo UNESCO</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Istanbul</b> (po <a href="/wiki/Ture%C4%8Dtina" title="Turečtina">turecky</a> <i>İstanbul</i>; 324 – 1930 <b>Konštantínopol</b> alebo <b>Carihrad</b>; do 324 <b>Byzantion</b>; podrobnosti o názvoch pozri nižšie) je najväčšie <a href="/wiki/Mesto_(v%C5%A1eobecne)" title="Mesto (všeobecne)">mesto</a> v <a href="/wiki/Turecko" title="Turecko">Turecku</a>. Rozkladá sa na oboch brehoch <a href="/wiki/Bospor" title="Bospor">Bosporskej úžiny</a>. Mesto, pôvodne založené v 7. storočí pred Kr. ako grécka obchodná osada, v dejinách slúžilo približne 16 storočí (tiež pod menami Byzantion, resp. Konštantínopol) ako hlavné mesto <a href="/wiki/V%C3%BDchodor%C3%ADmska_r%C3%AD%C5%A1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Východorímska ríša">Východorímskej</a>, <a href="/wiki/Byzantsk%C3%A1_r%C3%AD%C5%A1a" title="Byzantská ríša">Byzantskej</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latinsk%C3%A9_cis%C3%A1rstvo" title="Latinské cisárstvo">Latinskej</a> aj <a href="/wiki/Osmansk%C3%A1_r%C3%AD%C5%A1a" title="Osmanská ríša">Osmanskej ríše</a>. Bolo jedným z hlavných centier <a href="/wiki/Kres%C5%A5anstvo" title="Kresťanstvo">kresťanstva</a>, po roku 1453 naopak sídlom islamského kalifátu. Má viac ako 15,5 milióna obyvateľov (2023), čím tvorí druhú najľudnatejšiu metropolitnú oblasť Európy (po <a href="/wiki/Moskovsk%C3%A1_oblas%C5%A5" title="Moskovská oblasť">Moskovskej oblasti</a>). </p><p>Istanbul je významným hospodárskym, finančným a priemyselným centrom Turecka. Približne 20 % tureckých pracujúcich v priemysle je zamestnaných tu. Zhruba 50 % tureckého obchodu má svoj základ v rôznych istanbulských závodoch. Istanbul na celoštátnom výbere daní podieľa až 40 % a produkuje 27,5 % tureckého národného produktu. </p><p>Istanbul je tiež významným kultúrnym centrom krajiny pre filmový či hudobný priemysel. Mesto je populárnou turistickou lokalitou, v roku 2015 ho navštívilo viac než 12 miliónov turistov, ponúka viaceré pamiatky zaradené do <a href="/wiki/Svetov%C3%A9_kult%C3%BArne_dedi%C4%8Dstvo_UNESCO" class="mw-redirect" title="Svetové kultúrne dedičstvo UNESCO">Svetového kultúrneho dedičstva UNESCO</a>. </p> <div style="clear:left;"></div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poloha">Poloha</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Poloha" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Poloha"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Istanbul sa rozkladá priamo na rozhraní dvoch svetadielov, <a href="/wiki/%C3%81zia" title="Ázia">Ázie</a> a <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B3pa" title="Európa">Európy</a>, pričom historické rímske a grécke jadro mesta leží na európskej strane. Zaberá plochu 1 538,77 km² (pre porovnanie je to vyše 4-krát viac ako Bratislava). Je umiestnený priamo na pahorkoch pri brehoch <a href="/wiki/Bospor" title="Bospor">Bosporskej úžiny</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marmarsk%C3%A9_more" title="Marmarské more">Marmarského</a> a <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cierne_more" title="Čierne more">Čierneho mora</a> a zálivu <a href="/wiki/Zlat%C3%BD_roh" title="Zlatý roh">Zlatý roh</a>. K mestu prislúcha aj súostrovie na juhovýchod od Bosporu, <a href="/wiki/Princove_ostrovy" title="Princove ostrovy">Princove ostrovy</a>. </p><p>Výborná poloha mesta na mieste, kde zem pretína morské cesty, ponúka také výhody, ako ľahko ubrániteľný polostrov, ideálna klíma, bohatá a štedrá príroda či možnosť kontroly nad Bosporom, čo predurčilo významné postavenie mesta v dejinách. Istanbul a okolitá provincia produkuje bavlnu, ovocie, olivový olej, hodváb či tabak. Priemysel vyrába mnoho každodenne používaných vecí, napríklad textil, olej, pneumatiky, rôzne výrobky z kovu či z kože, elektroniku, sklo a mnohé ďalšie. Rozvinutý je tu samozrejme aj potravinársky priemysel. Pretože Istanbul je veľkomestom, je najvýznamnejším dopravným uzlom krajiny. Má rozsiahly a komplikovaný systém dopravy. Je tu rozpracovaná sieť autobusov, električiek a trajektov, nachádzajú sa tu aj šesť liniek pozemného a podzemného metra.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historické_názvy"><span id="Historick.C3.A9_n.C3.A1zvy"></span>Historické názvy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Upraviť sekciu: Historické názvy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Historické názvy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehľad"><span id="Preh.C4.BEad"></span>Prehľad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Upraviť sekciu: Prehľad" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Prehľad"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Na mieste Istanbulu stávala pôvodne grécka osada <b>Byzantion</b>, založená už v <a href="/wiki/7._storo%C4%8Die_pred_Kr." title="7. storočie pred Kr.">7. stor. pred Kr.</a> Roku <a href="/wiki/324" title="324">324</a> založil a <a href="/wiki/11._m%C3%A1j" title="11. máj">11. mája</a> roku <a href="/wiki/330" title="330">330</a> <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADmska_r%C3%AD%C5%A1a" class="mw-disambig" title="Rímska ríša">rímsky</a> cisár <a href="/wiki/Kon%C5%A1tant%C3%ADn_Ve%C4%BEk%C3%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Konštantín Veľký">Konštantín Veľký</a> slávnostne otvoril prebudované mesto a premenoval ho na <b>Konštantínopol</b>, t. j. <i>Konštantínovo mesto</i>. Konštantínopol sa popri <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADm" title="Rím">Ríme</a> stal hlavným mestom Rímskej ríše. <a href="/wiki/Slovania" title="Slovania">Slovania</a> prakticky od počiatku používali varianty názvu <b>Carihrad</b> (teda <i>C(is)árovo mesto</i>), pretože sa vyskytuje už v <a href="/wiki/Nestorova_kronika" class="mw-redirect" title="Nestorova kronika">Nestorovej kronike</a>. V roku 1930 dostalo mesto oficiálne názov Istanbul; tento názov sa však neoficiálne používal už dávno predtým. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Podrobnosti">Podrobnosti</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Upraviť sekciu: Podrobnosti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Podrobnosti"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oficiálne_názvy"><span id="Ofici.C3.A1lne_n.C3.A1zvy"></span>Oficiálne názvy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Upraviť sekciu: Oficiálne názvy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Oficiálne názvy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>pôvodne asi: <b>Lygos</b></li> <li>najneskôr od konca 7. stor. pred Kr. do 324 po Kr.: <ul><li>starogr. <b>Byzantion</b>; neskorší lat. ekvivalent: <b>Byzantium</b>; neskoršie slovenské ekvivalenty aj <b>Byzancia <sup id="cite_ref-MeS_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MeS-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, Byzancion, Byzanción</b> či zriedkavo <b>Byzant</b></li> <li>v 3. stor. po Kr. prechodne: lat. <b>Augusta Antonina</b></li></ul></li> <li>324 po Kr. – 1453/1930: <ul><li>lat. <b>Constantinopolis</b>; starogr. <b>Kónstantinoupolis</b> resp. v inom prepise <b>Kónstantinúpolis</b>; neskoršie slovenské ekvivalenty: podľa <a href="/wiki/Pravidl%C3%A1_slovensk%C3%A9ho_pravopisu" title="Pravidlá slovenského pravopisu">PSP</a> <b>Konštantínopol</b> a <b>Carihrad</b> (slovanský variant slova Carihrad je doložený už v Nestorovej kronike<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), v rozpore s PSP: <b>Konštantinopol</b> <sup id="cite_ref-MeS_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MeS-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <b>Konštantinopolis, Konštantínopolis</b>, zastarano aj <i>Konstantinopolis</i> <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> či <i>Konstantinopol</i> ; do 7. stor. bola úradným jazykom latinčina, potom gréčtina; tvar Constantinopolis (a pod.) je nepriamo a na minciach doložený od cca. 324 po Kr.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, priamo až od 5. stor.</li> <li>spočiatku (t. j. najmä v 4. stor.) sa mesto volalo aj lat. <b>Constantinopolis nova Roma</b>, lat. <b>Constantinopolis altera Roma</b> <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, lat. <b>nova Roma</b><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, starogr. <b>é Nea, deutera Rómé</b> ("Nový, druhý Rím"), starogr. <b>Deutera Rómé</b> <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ("Druhý Rím"), starogr. <b>eóa Rómé</b> ("Východný Rím"), starogr. <b>Byzantias Rómé</b> ("Byzantský Rím"), lat. <b>Roma Constantinopolitana</b>, starogr. (/lat.?) <b>Alma Róma</b></li></ul></li> <li>1453 – 1930: <ul><li>v osmanskej turečtine <b>Kostantíníje</b> alebo <b>Kustantíníje</b>; ekvivalent v spisovnej arabčine: <b>Al-Kustantíníja</b>; starogr., lat. a slovenské ekvivalenty ako v predchádzajúcom bode; novogr. ekvivalent <b>Konstantinupoli</b></li> <li>od konca 17. do konca 18. storočia prechodne prevažoval oficiálny názov <b>Islambol</b> alebo <b>Islambul</b></li> <li>občas sa vyskytoval ako oficiálny tvar <b>İstanbul</b></li></ul></li> <li>od 1930: po turecky <b>İstanbul</b>; slovenský ekvivalent <b>Istanbul</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Významné_neoficiálne_názvy"><span id="V.C3.BDznamn.C3.A9_neofici.C3.A1lne_n.C3.A1zvy"></span>Významné neoficiálne názvy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Upraviť sekciu: Významné neoficiálne názvy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Významné neoficiálne názvy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>od raného stredoveku: starogr. <b>hé Polis</b>, novogr. <b>i Poli</b></li> <li>od vrcholného stredoveku: v turečtine <b>İstanbul, Stanbul, Stambul</b>, zriedkavejšie <b>Stanbulin, Bulin</b>; tvar Stambul v 19. stor. v európskych textoch v užšom zmysle niekedy znamenal len historické jadro mesta</li> <li>od roku 1453: v turečtine <b>Islambol, Islambul</b></li> <li>v 19. stor.: v turečtine <b>Istanbol, Istambol, Stambol</b> <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="thumb" style="margin: 5px; clear: both; text-align:center;"> <div style="overflow: auto; overflow-x:auto; width: 99.9%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:20110711_Pierre_Loti_hill_view_Istanbul_Turkey_Panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panoramatická fotografia mesta Istanbul"><img alt="Panoramatická fotografia mesta Istanbul" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/20110711_Pierre_Loti_hill_view_Istanbul_Turkey_Panorama.jpg/1600px-20110711_Pierre_Loti_hill_view_Istanbul_Turkey_Panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="1600" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/20110711_Pierre_Loti_hill_view_Istanbul_Turkey_Panorama.jpg/2400px-20110711_Pierre_Loti_hill_view_Istanbul_Turkey_Panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/20110711_Pierre_Loti_hill_view_Istanbul_Turkey_Panorama.jpg/3200px-20110711_Pierre_Loti_hill_view_Istanbul_Turkey_Panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="11764" data-file-height="2196" /></a></span></div> <div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center; margin: 5px; font-size:95%"><i>Panoramatická fotografia mesta Istanbul</i></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Siege_of_Constantinople_BnF_MS_Fr_9087.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Siege_of_Constantinople_BnF_MS_Fr_9087.jpg/220px-Siege_of_Constantinople_BnF_MS_Fr_9087.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Siege_of_Constantinople_BnF_MS_Fr_9087.jpg/330px-Siege_of_Constantinople_BnF_MS_Fr_9087.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Siege_of_Constantinople_BnF_MS_Fr_9087.jpg/440px-Siege_of_Constantinople_BnF_MS_Fr_9087.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1297" data-file-height="1851" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1d_Kon%C5%A1tant%C3%ADnopola" title="Pád Konštantínopola">Obliehanie Konštantínopola</a> vojskami sultána <a href="/wiki/Mehmed_II." title="Mehmed II.">Mehmeda II.</a> tesne pred jeho dobytím v roku 1453.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dejiny">Dejiny</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Upraviť sekciu: Dejiny" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Dejiny"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="width: 350px;" class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content mbox-small-left"> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"> <div style="width:52px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/30px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/45px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/60px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td> <td class="ambox-text"><b>Tejto sekcii chýbajú <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Referencie" title="Pomoc:Referencie">odkazy</a> na použité zdroje,<br />obsah preto nie je možné <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Overite%C4%BEnos%C5%A5" title="Wikipédia:Overiteľnosť">overiť</a>.</b> <small> <i>(24. 10. 2013)</i></small></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <dl><dd><div class="noprint"><i>Bližšie informácie v hlavnom článku: <a href="/wiki/Dejiny_Istanbulu" title="Dejiny Istanbulu">Dejiny Istanbulu</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Najneskôr v 7. stor. pred Kr. (podľa tradície v roku 667 pred Kr.) bolo na území jadra dnešného mesta založené grécke mesto Byzantion. Toto sa v 1. stor. po Kr. stalo súčasťou <a href="/wiki/Starovek%C3%BD_R%C3%ADm" title="Staroveký Rím">Rímskej ríše</a>. Za vlády cisára <a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimia Severa</a> bolo mesto zbúrané a znovu postavené. </p><p>V rokoch 324 až 330 mesto prebudoval rímsky cisár <a href="/wiki/Kon%C5%A1tant%C3%ADn_Ve%C4%BEk%C3%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Konštantín Veľký">Konštantín Veľký</a>. Mesto dostalo nový názov Konštantínopol (resp. u <a href="/wiki/Slovan" class="mw-disambig" title="Slovan">Slovanov</a> Carihrad) a stalo sa hlavným mestom Východorímskej resp. <a href="/wiki/Byzantsk%C3%A1_r%C3%AD%C5%A1a" title="Byzantská ríša">Byzantskej ríše</a>. Konštantínopol sa stal aj významným cirkevným a kultúrnym centrom. Sídlil tu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carihradsk%C3%BD_patriarcha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carihradský patriarcha (stránka neexistuje)">carihradský patriarcha</a>. V roku 425 tu bola založená vysoká škola. Vrcholné obdobie rozkvetu mesto zažilo za <a href="/wiki/Justini%C3%A1n_I." title="Justinián I.">Justiniána I.</a> v 6. storočí. Za povstania <a href="/wiki/Nik%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Niká">Niká</a> (532) značná časť mesta zhorela. Vrcholom stavebnej činnosti za Justiniána je chrám <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sofia" title="Hagia Sofia">Hagia Sofia</a>. V roku 542 postihol mesto <a href="/wiki/Mor_(pestis)" title="Mor (pestis)">mor</a>, zomrelo 30 000 obyvateľov. Od 7. storočia nastal úpadok mesta v dôsledku neustálych vojen s Peržanmi, Arabmi, Slovanmi a Pečenehmi. </p><p>V 13. storočí bol Konštantínopol hlavným mestom krátky čas existujúceho <a href="/wiki/Latinsk%C3%A9_cis%C3%A1rstvo" title="Latinské cisárstvo">Latinského cisárstva</a>, po jeho zániku bolo opäť hlavným mestom Byzantskej ríše. Za vlády <a href="/wiki/Palaiologovci" title="Palaiologovci">Palaiologovcov</a> (koniec 13. stor. – zač. 14. stor.) nastalo krátke obdobie rozmachu mesta, ale potom sa už mesto vyľudňovalo a pustlo. </p><p>V roku 1453 mesto tri dni plienili a dobyli <a href="/wiki/Osmansk%C3%AD_Turci" class="mw-redirect" title="Osmanskí Turci">Osmanskí Turci</a>, čím Byzantská ríša zanikla. V rokoch 1453 až 1923 bolo mesto hlavným mestom <a href="/wiki/Osmansk%C3%A1_r%C3%AD%C5%A1a" title="Osmanská ríša">Osmanskej ríše</a> a sídlom sultána. V roku 1930 bolo mesto premenované na Istanbul. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ekumenické_koncily"><span id="Ekumenick.C3.A9_koncily"></span>Ekumenické koncily</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Upraviť sekciu: Ekumenické koncily" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=8" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Ekumenické koncily"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="width: 350px;" class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content mbox-small-left"> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"> <div style="width:52px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/30px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/45px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/60px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td> <td class="ambox-text"><b>Tejto sekcii chýbajú <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Referencie" title="Pomoc:Referencie">odkazy</a> na použité zdroje,<br />obsah preto nie je možné <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Overite%C4%BEnos%C5%A5" title="Wikipédia:Overiteľnosť">overiť</a>.</b> <small> <i>(24. 10. 2013)</i></small></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <dl><dd><div class="noprint"><i>Bližšie informácie v hlavnom článku: <a href="/wiki/Ekumenick%C3%BD_koncil" title="Ekumenický koncil">Ekumenický koncil</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Význam stredovekého Konštantínopola v náboženskej oblasti ďaleko presahoval hranice Byzantskej ríše, mesto sa stalo štyrikrát miestom zasadania <a href="/wiki/Ekumenick%C3%BD_koncil" title="Ekumenický koncil">ekumenických koncilov</a>. Dnes tu sídli Grécky patriarcha pre anatólskych kresťanov, hoci je otázka kresťanstva v krajine stále dosť napätá. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tradičná_kultúra"><span id="Tradi.C4.8Dn.C3.A1_kult.C3.BAra"></span>Tradičná kultúra</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Upraviť sekciu: Tradičná kultúra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=9" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Tradičná kultúra"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="width: 350px;" class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content mbox-small-left"> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"> <div style="width:52px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/30px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/45px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/60px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td> <td class="ambox-text"><b>Tejto sekcii chýbajú <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Referencie" title="Pomoc:Referencie">odkazy</a> na použité zdroje,<br />obsah preto nie je možné <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Overite%C4%BEnos%C5%A5" title="Wikipédia:Overiteľnosť">overiť</a>.</b> <small> <i>(24. 10. 2013)</i></small></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>Kultúra Istanbulu poznačila celé moderné <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9cko" title="Grécko">Grécko</a>. Mnoho moderných gréckych vzdelancov pochádzalo odtiaľto. Od stredoveku tu vznikali grécke tradičné tance a ľudové piesne, ktoré sú dnes súčasťou gréckeho a tureckého folklóru. Konštantínopolskí mäsiari vymysleli v byzantských dobách populárny orientálny tanec <a href="/wiki/Chasapiko" title="Chasapiko">Chasapiko</a>, ktorý sa tancuje ako v Grécku, tak aj v Turecku. Kultúra oboch národov v meste sa tak počas sultanátu úplne zjednotila. V 19. a 20. stor. sa v Konštantínopole otvorili kaviarne s tradičnou hudbou, v ktorých tancovali grécke brušné tanečnice a muži fajčili vodné fajky. Na uliciach sa konali rôzne trhy a všade sa ligotali byzantské kupoly. O jednotnosti gréckej a tureckej kultúry máme dôkazy v podobe gréckych ľudových piesní z Malej Ázie, v ktorých sem tam zaznie nejaké to turecké slovo, alebo veta (napr. časté sú áman, yavrum či seviórum). Počas sviatkov muži aj ženy tancovali a spoločne spievali na námestiach. Takéto slávnosti mali tradíciu od byzantských čias. O jednej takejto ľudovej veselici nám zanechal správu aj filozof <a href="/wiki/Micha%C3%A9l_Psellos" title="Michaél Psellos">Michaél Psellos</a>, keď napísal, že ľud po zvrhnutí krutého tyrana, cisára <a href="/wiki/Michal_IV._(Byzantsk%C3%A1_r%C3%AD%C5%A1a)" title="Michal IV. (Byzantská ríša)">Michala IV.</a> vyšiel do ulíc pozrieť sa na jeho oslepenie a pritom všetci tancovali a vymýšľali nové piesne. Zároveň nám dáva správu o vzniku <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9cky_folkl%C3%B3r" title="Grécky folklór">gréckeho folklóru</a>. Kultúra Konštantínopolu sa v stredoveku veľmi odlišovala od Európskej kultúry, ktorá hlásala asketický život. Byzantská kultúra sa v ponímaní náboženstva a svetskej existencie veľmi podobala modernej dobe. Popri náboženstve sa tu pestovala veľkolepá antická kultúra obohatená o <a href="/wiki/Orient%C3%A1lny" class="mw-redirect" title="Orientálny">orientálne prvky</a>. Toto bola klasická byzantská kultúra mesta. Veľkomestskú kultúru rozšírili konštantínopolskí a <a href="/wiki/Malo%C3%A1zijsk%C3%AD_Gr%C3%A9ci" title="Maloázijskí Gréci">Maloázijskí Gréci</a> aj v materskom Grécku, počas spomínanej výmeny obyvateľstva začiatkom 20. stor. Dnes tu môžeme ešte stále vidieť podobný spôsob života, ktorý teraz prezentujú predovšetkým Turci. O krásach mesta sa spieva aj v piesni Konštantínopolských Grékov <i>Eche jia Panajia</i>, ktorá ospevuje mestské časti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yedikule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yedikule (stránka neexistuje)">Yedikule</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galata (stránka neexistuje)">Galátu</a> a Arápiu, vyzdvihuje kvalitu miestneho <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADno" title="Víno">vína</a> a krásu miestnych dievčat. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Imamoglu_press_conference_April_3,_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Imamoglu_press_conference_April_3%2C_2019.jpg/220px-Imamoglu_press_conference_April_3%2C_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Imamoglu_press_conference_April_3%2C_2019.jpg/330px-Imamoglu_press_conference_April_3%2C_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Imamoglu_press_conference_April_3%2C_2019.jpg/440px-Imamoglu_press_conference_April_3%2C_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1812" /></a><figcaption>Primátor Istanbulu, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekrem_%C4%B0mamo%C4%9Flu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekrem İmamoğlu (stránka neexistuje)">Ekrem İmamoğlu</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pamiatky">Pamiatky</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Upraviť sekciu: Pamiatky" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=10" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Pamiatky"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Chrám Božej múdrosti, <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sofia" title="Hagia Sofia">Hagia Sofia</a>, postavený v 6. storočí cisárom Justiniánom, od roku 1453 do 20. storočia slúžil ako mešita, dnes ako múzeum.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modr%C3%A1_me%C5%A1ita_(Istanbul)" title="Modrá mešita (Istanbul)">Modrá mešita (Istanbul)</a> Modrá mešita alebo tiež nazývaná mešita sultána Ahmeda I. Mešita bola postavená za Ahmedovej vlády v rokoch 1609 až 1615. Pomenovanie modrá mešita je odvodené z bohatej výzdoby interiéru mešity modrými štvorcovými obkladačkami. Modrá mešita je jednou z najznámejších a najnavštevovanejších pamiatok Istanbulu.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topkapi" class="mw-redirect" title="Topkapi">Topkapi</a> je rozsiahly palácový komplex v centre Istanbulu, ktorý bol vyše 380 rokov oficiálnou rezidenciou sultánov Osmanskej ríše. Stavba komplexu začala roku 1453 a dokončená bola roku 1465. Posledným sultánom, ktorý obýval palác Topkapi bol sultán Mahmúd II. (do 1839 roku). Jeho nasledovník sultán Abdülmecid I. preniesol svoje sídlo do nového paláca Dolmabahçe a Topkapi odvtedy prestalo byť oficiálnou rezidenciou sultánov. Jedna z najznámejších pamiatok Istanbulu.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatsk%C3%A1_ve%C5%BEa" class="mw-redirect" title="Galatská veža">Galatská veža</a> z roku 1348, pôvodne obranná stavba <a href="/wiki/Janovsk%C3%A1_republika" title="Janovská republika">janovskej</a> obchodnej štvrte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pera (stránka neexistuje)">Pera</a>, bola po stáročia najvyššou budovou v meste. Dnes dominuje panoráme severne od <a href="/wiki/Zlat%C3%BD_roh" title="Zlatý roh">Zlatého rohu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Komunálna_politika"><span id="Komun.C3.A1lna_politika"></span>Komunálna politika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Upraviť sekciu: Komunálna politika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=11" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Komunálna politika"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Na čele mesta stojí primátor. Úrad primátora od roku 1994 nepretržite zastávali politici pravicových islamistických strán blízkych <a href="/wiki/Strana_spravodlivosti_a_rozvoja" title="Strana spravodlivosti a rozvoja">Strane spravodlivosti a rozvoja</a>, vrátane súčasného prezidenta <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Erdoğana</a>. V roku 2019 prvý raz vo voľbách v meste uspel kandidát ľavicovej <a href="/wiki/Republik%C3%A1nska_%C4%BEudov%C3%A1_strana_(Turecko)" title="Republikánska ľudová strana (Turecko)">Republikánskej ľudovej strany</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekrem_%C4%B0mamo%C4%9Flu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekrem İmamoğlu (stránka neexistuje)">Ekrem İmamoğlu</a>. Voľby sa kvôli tlaku AKP museli zopakovať, avšak Imamogluova výhra sa iba zvýraznila.<sup id="cite_ref-ekrem_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ekrem-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:%C4%B0stanbul_Havaliman%C4%B1_Airport_2019_14.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/%C4%B0stanbul_Havaliman%C4%B1_Airport_2019_14.jpg/220px-%C4%B0stanbul_Havaliman%C4%B1_Airport_2019_14.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/%C4%B0stanbul_Havaliman%C4%B1_Airport_2019_14.jpg/330px-%C4%B0stanbul_Havaliman%C4%B1_Airport_2019_14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/%C4%B0stanbul_Havaliman%C4%B1_Airport_2019_14.jpg/440px-%C4%B0stanbul_Havaliman%C4%B1_Airport_2019_14.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4953" data-file-height="3302" /></a><figcaption>Terminál <a href="/wiki/Atat%C3%BCrkovo_medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%A9_letisko" title="Atatürkovo medzinárodné letisko">letiska Istanbul</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg/220px-Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg/330px-Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg/440px-Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_Bridge_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4782" data-file-height="2576" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Most_sult%C3%A1na_Mehmeta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Most sultána Mehmeta (stránka neexistuje)">Most sultána Mehmeta</a> je jeden z troch zavesených mostov ponad <a href="/wiki/Bospor" title="Bospor">Bosporskú úžinu</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Doprava">Doprava</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Upraviť sekciu: Doprava" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=12" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Doprava"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Letecká_doprava"><span id="Leteck.C3.A1_doprava"></span>Letecká doprava</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Upraviť sekciu: Letecká doprava" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=13" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Letecká doprava"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Istanbul mal v roku 2019 tri medzinárodné letiská: Pôvodne hlavné letisko bolo <a href="/wiki/Medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%A9_letisko_Istanbul_Atat%C3%BCrk" class="mw-redirect" title="Medzinárodné letisko Istanbul Atatürk">Atatürkovo letisko</a>, ktoré sa nachádza v štvrti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ye%C5%9Filk%C3%B6y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yeşilköy (stránka neexistuje)">Yeşilköy</a> na európskej strane, asi 24 kilometrov (15 míľ) západne od centra mesta. Keď bolo vybudované, stálo na západnom konci mesta, teraz ho však mesto úplne obklopuje.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Práve kvôli obmedzeným možnostiam ďalšieho rozvoja Atatürkovho letiska bolo po roku 2010 rozhodnuté o výstavbe nového letiska. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%A9_letisko_Istanbul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medzinárodné letisko Istanbul (stránka neexistuje)">Letisko Istanbul</a> vo štvrti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnavutk%C3%B6y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arnavutköy (stránka neexistuje)">Arnavutköy</a> na európskej strane pri pobreží <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cierne_more" title="Čierne more">Čierneho mora</a>, približne 35 km severozápadne od Atatürkovho letiska, bolo stavané medzi rokmi 2014-2018 a uvedené do prevádzky 29. októbra 2018. Plne dobudované má byť v roku 2028. Odvtedy boli postupne komerčné lety z Atatürkovho letiska presúvané na Istanbul, pričom od apríla 2019 slúži Atatürkovo letisko iba pre nákladné lety.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Posledné a najmenšie letisko v meste je <a href="/wiki/Medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%A9_letisko_Istanbul_Sabiha_G%C3%B6k%C3%A7en" class="mw-redirect" title="Medzinárodné letisko Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen">letisko Sabihy Gökçenovej</a>, nachádzajúce sa v štvrti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurtk%C3%B6y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurtköy (stránka neexistuje)">Kurtköy</a> na ázijskej strane, blízko pretekárskeho okruhu <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul_Park" title="İstanbul Park">Istanbul Park GP Racing</a>. Je situované maximálne 20 kilometrov (12 míľ) východne od ázijskej strany a 45 kilometrov (28 míľ) východne od európskeho mestského centra. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Bahnhofsfront-Istanbul-Sirkeci_retouched_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Bahnhofsfront-Istanbul-Sirkeci_retouched_2.jpg/220px-Bahnhofsfront-Istanbul-Sirkeci_retouched_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Bahnhofsfront-Istanbul-Sirkeci_retouched_2.jpg/330px-Bahnhofsfront-Istanbul-Sirkeci_retouched_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Bahnhofsfront-Istanbul-Sirkeci_retouched_2.jpg/440px-Bahnhofsfront-Istanbul-Sirkeci_retouched_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2398" data-file-height="971" /></a><figcaption>Stanica Sirkeci, otvorená v roku 1873, prestavaná 1888-1890, východiskový bod pre vlakové spoje do <a href="/wiki/Viede%C5%88" title="Viedeň">Viedne</a> a <a href="/wiki/Orient_Express" title="Orient Express">Orient Express</a> do <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%AD%C5%BE" title="Paríž">Paríža</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mestská_hromadná_doprava"><span id="Mestsk.C3.A1_hromadn.C3.A1_doprava"></span>Mestská hromadná doprava</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Upraviť sekciu: Mestská hromadná doprava" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=14" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Mestská hromadná doprava"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Pre podrobnejšie informácie o metre v Istanbule pozri <a href="/wiki/Istanbulsk%C3%A9_metro" title="Istanbulské metro">Istanbulské metro</a>.</i> </p><p>Všetky druhy dopravy v meste sú komplikované polohou Istanbulu na dvoch brehoch Bosporu, ktorý slúži ako námorná cesta, no zároveň po stáročia cestná a železničná bariéra. Istanbulské hlavné rýchlostné cesty sú <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otoyol_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otoyol 1 (stránka neexistuje)">O-1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otoyol_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otoyol 2 (stránka neexistuje)">O-2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otoyol_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otoyol 3 (stránka neexistuje)">O-3</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otoyol_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otoyol 4 (stránka neexistuje)">O-4</a>. O-1 vytvára mestský vnútorný obchvat, ktorý preklenuje Bosporskú úžinu cez <a href="/wiki/Bosporsk%C3%BD_most" title="Bosporský most">Bosporský most</a>, O-2 naopak vytvára vonkajší mestský okruh s <a href="/wiki/Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet_K%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC" title="Fatih Sultan Mehmet Köprüsü">mostom sultána Mehmeta</a>. O-2 pokračuje na západ do <a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Edirne</a> a O-4 na východ do <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankary</a>; O-2, O-3 aj O-4 sú súčasťou transeurópskej cesty <a href="/w/index.php?title=E80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E80 (stránka neexistuje)">E80</a>, ktorá vedie z Portugalska k turecko-iránskej hranici.<sup id="cite_ref-googma_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-googma-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> V roku 2018 cez pôvodné dva bosporské mosty prešlo asi 320 000 vozidiel denne (čo predstavuje pokles oproti 400 000 z roku 2011).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> V roku 2016 bol otvorený tretí most cez Bospor, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Most_sult%C3%A1na_Selima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Most sultána Selima (stránka neexistuje)">Most sultána Selima</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Environmentálne skupiny sa obávali, že tretí most môže ohroziť zostávajúce zelené plochy na sever od Istanbulu.<sup id="cite_ref-eib_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eib-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-let_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-let-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Okrem troch mostov slúži pre cestnú dopravu medzi svetadielmi tiež dvojpodlažný <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eur%C3%A1zijsk%C3%BD_tunel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eurázijský tunel (stránka neexistuje)">Eurázijský tunel</a>, dlhý 14,6 km, ktorý bol uvedený do prevádzky v decembri 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Istanbul_T1_line_Alstom_Citadis_tram.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Istanbul_T1_line_Alstom_Citadis_tram.jpg/220px-Istanbul_T1_line_Alstom_Citadis_tram.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Istanbul_T1_line_Alstom_Citadis_tram.jpg/330px-Istanbul_T1_line_Alstom_Citadis_tram.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Istanbul_T1_line_Alstom_Citadis_tram.jpg/440px-Istanbul_T1_line_Alstom_Citadis_tram.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3340" data-file-height="2224" /></a><figcaption>Linka T1 istanbulského moderného električkového systému vo štvrti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fatih&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fatih (stránka neexistuje)">Fatih</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:M2_at_Levent_station.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/M2_at_Levent_station.JPG/220px-M2_at_Levent_station.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/M2_at_Levent_station.JPG/330px-M2_at_Levent_station.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/M2_at_Levent_station.JPG/440px-M2_at_Levent_station.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Stanica istanbulského metra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Levent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Levent (stránka neexistuje)">Levent</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Istanbulskú mestskú hromadnú dopravu predstavuje systém <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dka" title="Električka">električiek</a> (štyri linky T1-T4), <a href="/wiki/Pozemn%C3%A1_lanovka" title="Pozemná lanovka">pozemných lanoviek</a>, liniek <a href="/wiki/Metro" class="mw-disambig" title="Metro">metra</a>, autobusov, rýchlych autobusov a trajektov. Ceny medzi jednotlivými typmi dopravy sú integrované, pričom na cestovanie slúži bezkontaktná <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbulkart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istanbulkart (stránka neexistuje)">Istanbulkart</a>, funkčná od roku 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Istanbulsk%C3%A9_metro" title="Istanbulské metro">Istanbulské metro</a> sa v súčasnosti skladá zo šiestich liniek M1(A a B), M2, M3, M6 (všetky na európskej strane) a M4 a M5 (na ázijskej). Ďalších sedem liniek linky (M7, M8, M9, M10, M11, M12 a M13) je vo výstavbe.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Medzinárodná vlaková doprava v Istanbule funguje od roku 1889, kedy bola otvorená linka z <a href="/wiki/Bukure%C5%A1%C5%A5" title="Bukurešť">Bukurešti</a> do Istanbulu na stanicu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanica_Sirkeci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanica Sirkeci (stránka neexistuje)">Sirkeci</a>. Tá sa neskôr stala známou ako východná konečná stanica <a href="/wiki/Orient_Express" title="Orient Express">Orient Expressu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vlaková doprava do Bukurešti a <a href="/wiki/Sol%C3%BAn" title="Solún">Solúnu</a> trvala do začiatku desiatych rokov 21. storočia, kedy boli spojenia zrušené pre výstavbu tunela Marmaray, resp. finančné problémy Grécka. Linka s Bukurešťou cez <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofiu</a> bola obnovená v júni 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ázijskú stranu mesta obsluhuje od roku 1908 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanica_Haydarpa%C5%9Fa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanica Haydarpaşa (stránka neexistuje)">stanica Haydarpaşa</a>, ktorá bola kedysi východiskom pre <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagdadsk%C3%A1_%C5%BEeleznica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bagdadská železnica (stránka neexistuje)">Bagdadskú</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hid%C5%BE%C3%A1zska_%C5%BEeleznica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidžázska železnica (stránka neexistuje)">Hidžázsku</a> železnicu do dnešného Iraku a Saudskej Arábie, ktoré však v roku 2019 tiež neboli v prevádzke (v prípade Hidžázskej železnice sa uvažuje o znovuspojazdnení).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Partnerské_mestá"><span id="Partnersk.C3.A9_mest.C3.A1"></span>Partnerské mestá</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Upraviť sekciu: Partnerské mestá" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=15" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Partnerské mestá"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7792218">.mw-parser-output div.stlpce>ul,.mw-parser-output div.stlpce>ol{margin-top:unset}</style><div class="stlpce" style="word-wrap: break-word; column-gap: 2em; -moz-column-gap: 2em; -webkit-column-gap: 2em; column-count: 3; -moz-column-count: 3; -webkit-column-count: 3;"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kazachstan"><img alt="Kazachstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alma-Ata" title="Alma-Ata">Alma-Ata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazachstan" title="Kazachstan">Kazachstan</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Jordánsko"><img alt="Jordánsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Amm%C3%A1n" title="Ammán">Ammán</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jord%C3%A1nsko" title="Jordánsko">Jordánsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Thajsko"><img alt="Thajsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/22px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/33px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/44px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thajsko" title="Thajsko">Thajsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Libanon"><img alt="Libanon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/33px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/44px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bejr%C3%BAt" title="Bejrút">Bejrút</a>, <a href="/wiki/Libanon" title="Libanon">Libanon</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Španielsko"><img alt="Španielsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/33px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/44px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0panielsko" title="Španielsko">Španielsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Taliansko"><img alt="Taliansko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ben%C3%A1tky" title="Benátky">Benátky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taliansko" title="Taliansko">Taliansko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Líbya"><img alt="Líbya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/22px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/33px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/44px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Beng%C3%A1z%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengází">Bengází</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADbya" title="Líbya">Líbya</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nemecko"><img alt="Nemecko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Berl%C3%ADn" title="Berlín">Berlín</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nemecko" title="Nemecko">Nemecko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Slovensko"><img alt="Slovensko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovensko" title="Slovensko">Slovensko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Argentína"><img alt="Argentína" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/22px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/33px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/44px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argent%C3%ADna" title="Argentína">Argentína</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sýria"><img alt="Sýria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Damask" title="Damask">Damask</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BDria" title="Sýria">Sýria</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Albánsko"><img alt="Albánsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/33px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/44px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dra%C4%8D_(mesto)" title="Drač (mesto)">Drač</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alb%C3%A1nsko" title="Albánsko">Albánsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spojené arabské emiráty"><img alt="Spojené arabské emiráty" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dubaj_(mesto)" title="Dubaj (mesto)">Dubaj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_arabsk%C3%A9_emir%C3%A1ty" title="Spojené arabské emiráty">Spojené arabské emiráty</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Saudská Arábia"><img alt="Saudská Arábia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEidda" title="Džidda">Džidda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saudsk%C3%A1_Ar%C3%A1bia" title="Saudská Arábia">Saudská Arábia</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kuba"><img alt="Kuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuba" title="Kuba">Kuba</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="USA"><img alt="USA" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28DoS_ECA_Color_Standard%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28DoS_ECA_Color_Standard%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28DoS_ECA_Color_Standard%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28DoS_ECA_Color_Standard%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28DoS_ECA_Color_Standard%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28DoS_ECA_Color_Standard%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_%C5%A1t%C3%A1ty" title="Spojené štáty">USA</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sudán"><img alt="Sudán" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Chart%C3%BAm_(mesto)" title="Chartúm (mesto)">Chartúm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sud%C3%A1n" title="Sudán">Sudán</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Indonézia"><img alt="Indonézia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indon%C3%A9zia" title="Indonézia">Indonézia</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Malajzia"><img alt="Malajzia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johor_Bahru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johor Bahru (stránka neexistuje)">Johor Bahru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malajzia" title="Malajzia">Malajzia</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Egypt"><img alt="Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/22px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/33px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/44px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1hira" title="Káhira">Káhira</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Čína"><img alt="Čína" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kanton_(mesto)" title="Kanton (mesto)">Kanton</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADna" title="Čína">Čína</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rusko"><img alt="Rusko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kaza%C5%88" title="Kazaň">Kazaň</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusko" title="Rusko">Rusko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nemecko"><img alt="Nemecko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kol%C3%ADn_nad_R%C3%BDnom" title="Kolín nad Rýnom">Kolín nad Rýnom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nemecko" title="Nemecko">Nemecko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rumunsko"><img alt="Rumunsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/33px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/44px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Konstanca" title="Konstanca">Konstanca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rumunsko" title="Rumunsko">Rumunsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1haur" title="Láhaur">Láhaur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Turkménsko"><img alt="Turkménsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_(Turkm%C3%A9nsko)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary (Turkménsko) (stránka neexistuje)">Mary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkm%C3%A9nsko" title="Turkménsko">Turkménsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mexiko"><img alt="Mexiko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/44px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mexiko_(mesto)" title="Mexiko (mesto)">Mexiko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexiko" title="Mexiko">Mexiko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Ukrajina"><img alt="Ukrajina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa">Odesa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina">Ukrajina</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kirgizsko"><img alt="Kirgizsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/O%C5%A1" title="Oš">Oš</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kirgizsko" title="Kirgizsko">Kirgizsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rusko"><img alt="Rusko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Petrohrad" title="Petrohrad">Petrohrad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusko" title="Rusko">Rusko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bulharsko"><img alt="Bulharsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_(mesto)" title="Plovdiv (mesto)">Plovdiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulharsko" title="Bulharsko">Bulharsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kórejská republika"><img alt="Kórejská republika" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Pusan" title="Pusan">Pusan</a>, <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B3rejsk%C3%A1_republika" title="Kórejská republika">Kórejská republika</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Maroko"><img alt="Maroko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/22px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/33px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/44px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rabat_(mesto)" title="Rabat (mesto)">Rabat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maroko" title="Maroko">Maroko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Brazília"><img alt="Brazília" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/44px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Braz%C3%ADlia" title="Brazília">Brazília</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Holandsko"><img alt="Holandsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holandsko" title="Holandsko">Holandsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bosna a Hercegovina"><img alt="Bosna a Hercegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosna_a_Hercegovina" title="Bosna a Hercegovina">Bosna a Hercegovina</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Severné Macedónsko"><img alt="Severné Macedónsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/44px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a>, <a href="/wiki/Severn%C3%A9_Maced%C3%B3nsko" title="Severné Macedónsko">Severné Macedónsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Čína"><img alt="Čína" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0anghaj" title="Šanghaj">Šanghaj</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADna" title="Čína">Čína</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Japonsko"><img alt="Japonsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0imonoseki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šimonoseki (stránka neexistuje)">Šimonoseki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japonsko" title="Japonsko">Japonsko</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Irán"><img alt="Irán" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tabr%C3%ADz" title="Tabríz">Tabríz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A1n" title="Irán">Irán</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kanada"><img alt="Kanada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tunisko"><img alt="Tunisko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tunis" title="Tunis">Tunis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tunisko" title="Tunisko">Tunisko</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencie">Referencie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Upraviť sekciu: Referencie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=16" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Referencie"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=13425">http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=13425</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ekrem-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ekrem_2-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ekrem_2-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Opakované voľby v Istanbule vyhral opäť kandidát opozície</i> [online]. SME, 23.6.2019, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://svet.sme.sk/c/22152259/opakovane-volby-v-istanbule-vyhral-opat-kandidat-opozicie.html">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.istanbul-ulasim.com.tr/our-network.aspx">http://www.istanbul-ulasim.com.tr/our-network.aspx</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305034521/http://www.istanbul-ulasim.com.tr/our-network.aspx">Archivované</a> 2016-03-05 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Oficiálne stránky istanbulského metra.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MeS-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-MeS_4-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MeS_4-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mal%C3%A1_encyklop%C3%A9dia_Slovenska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malá encyklopédia Slovenska (stránka neexistuje)">Malá encyklopédia Slovenska</a></i>. 1. vyd. Bratislava : <a href="/wiki/VEDA,_vydavate%C4%BEstvo_Slovenskej_akad%C3%A9mie_vied" title="VEDA, vydavateľstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied">Veda</a>, 1987. s. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carihrad. In: <cite style="font-style:normal">NOVOTNÝ, Bohuslav, et al. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyklop%C3%A9dia_archeol%C3%B3gie" title="Encyklopédia archeológie">Encyklopédia archeológie</a></i>. 1. vyd. Bratislava : <a href="/wiki/Vydavate%C4%BEstvo_Obzor" title="Vydavateľstvo Obzor">Obzor</a>, 1986. 1032 s. S. 149 – 150. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">tento tvar je napr. uvedený v PSP z roku 1931</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://constantinople.ehw.gr/Forms/fLemmaBody.aspx?lemmaId=11677#noteendNote_1">http://constantinople.ehw.gr/Forms/fLemmaBody.aspx?lemmaId=11677#noteendNote_1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mango: Oxford History of Byzantium, 2002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://constantinople.ehw.gr/Forms/fLemmaBody.aspx?lemmaId=11677#chapter_0">http://constantinople.ehw.gr/Forms/fLemmaBody.aspx?lemmaId=11677#chapter_0</a>; tento tvar je doložený ešte v 9./10. stor. porov. napr. Magnae Moraviae Fontes Historici, 1971, str. 99</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">tvar je doložený len nepriamo</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://books.google.sk/books?id=1FwEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA351&lpg=PA351&dq=%22istambol%22&source=bl&ots=GYr-E9VAse&sig=e52tvy7JGbGHla8ufA-SVHgkLTw&hl=sk&sa=X&ei=FxcQUKhby9vhBO_dgdAL&ved=0CGcQ6AEwCTgU#v=onepage&q=%22istambol%22&f=false">http://books.google.sk/books?id=1FwEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA351&lpg=PA351&dq=%22istambol%22&source=bl&ots=GYr-E9VAse&sig=e52tvy7JGbGHla8ufA-SVHgkLTw&hl=sk&sa=X&ei=FxcQUKhby9vhBO_dgdAL&ved=0CGcQ6AEwCTgU#v=onepage&q=%22istambol%22&f=false</a> str. 351; <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://leccos.com/index.php/clanky/istanbul">http://leccos.com/index.php/clanky/istanbul</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120625011522/http://leccos.com/index.php/clanky/istanbul">Archivované</a> 2012-06-25 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.eslam.de/begriffe/b/blaue_moschee.htm">http://www.eslam.de/begriffe/b/blaue_moschee.htm</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.lonelyplanet.com/turkey/istanbul/sights/architecture/galata-tower#ixzz3f6ACHCm9">http://www.lonelyplanet.com/turkey/istanbul/sights/architecture/galata-tower#ixzz3f6ACHCm9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Archivovaná kópia</i> [online]. [Cit. 2015-07-06]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150706175525/http://www.ataturkairport.com/en-EN/airportguide/Pages/airportguide.aspx">Dostupné online.</a> Archivované 2015-07-06 z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ataturkairport.com/en-EN/airportguide/Pages/airportguide.aspx">originálu.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">MCKERNAN, Bethan. <i>Turkish Airlines is switching to a new Istanbul airport – all in 45 hours</i> [online]. Istanbul: <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>, 6.4.2019, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2019/apr/06/turkish-airlines-switching-to-new-airport-all-in-45-hours">Dostupné online.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-googma-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-googma_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Turkey to open new Istanbul highway on election weekend – report</i> [online]. Ahval News, 18.6.2019, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ahvalnews.com/turkey-economy/turkey-open-new-istanbul-highway-election-weekend-report">Dostupné online.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">ROPER, Jack. <i>Solving Istanbul's congestion problem</i> [online]. Intertraffic.com, 12.12.2018, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191010073426/https://www.intertraffic.com/news/articles/solving-istanbuls-congestion-problem/">Dostupné online.</a> Archivované 2019-10-10 z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.intertraffic.com/news/articles/solving-istanbuls-congestion-problem/">originálu.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Turci sa pripravujú na otvorenie obrieho tunela, Istanbulčanom skráti čas cestovania</i> [online]. Hospodárske noviny, 18.12.2016, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hnonline.sk/svet/878524-turci-sa-pripravuju-na-otvorenie-obrieho-tunela-istanbulcanom-skrati-cas-cestovania">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eib-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-eib_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Eurasia Tunnel Environmental and Social Impact Assessment. Volume I: Non Technical Summary (NTS)</i> [online]. Európska investičná banka, január 2011, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eib.org/attachments/pipeline/20090678_nts_en.pdf">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-let-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-let_20-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">LETSCH, Constanze. <i>Plan for New Bosphorus Bridge Sparks Row Over Future of Istanbul</i> [online]. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>, 8.6.2012, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jun/08/bosphorus-bridge-row-istanbul-turkey">Dostupné online.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Istanbul's $1.3BN Eurasia Tunnel prepares to open</i> [online]. Anadolu Agency, 19.12.2016, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aa.com.tr/en/economy/istanbuls-13bn-eurasia-tunnel-prepares-to-open/709440">Dostupné online.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Tickets and Fares</i> [online]. Metro Istanbul, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191009033508/http://www.metro.istanbul/SeferDurumlari/BiletUcretleri">Dostupné online.</a> Archivované 2019-10-09 z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metro.istanbul/SeferDurumlari/BiletUcretleri">originálu.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Network Maps</i> [online]. Metro Istanbul, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928032816/https://www.metro.istanbul/Content/assets/uploaded/%C4%B0stanbul%20Rayl%C4%B1%20Sistemler%20Haritas%C4%B1.pdf">Dostupné online.</a> Archivované 2023-09-28 z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metro.istanbul/YolcuHizmetleri/AgHaritalari">originálu.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">KUBUŠ, Tomáš. <i>Sirkeci Gar. Konečná Orient Expressu</i> [online]. Blízky východ.eu, 24.8.2013, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blizkyvychod.eu/sirkeci-gar-konecna-orient-expressu/">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">UYSAL, Onur. <i>Istanbul Bucharest train to restart service</i> [online]. Rail Turkey, 2.6.2019, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://railturkey.org/2019/06/02/istanbul-bucharest-train-to-restart-service/">Dostupné online.</a> (po anglicky)</cite><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Bölgesel Yolcu Trenleri</i> [online]. Turkish State Railways, [cit. 2012-04-03]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120404194631/http://www.tcdd.gov.tr/home/detail/?id=599">Dostupné online.</a> Archivované 2012-04-04 z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcdd.gov.tr/home/detail/?id=599">originálu.</a> (Turkish)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">KEENAN, Steve. <i>How Your Greek Summer Holiday Can Help Save Greece</i> [online]. The Guardian, 22.6.2012, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2012/jun/22/greek-summer-holiday-save-greece">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">BUĞRA EKINCI, Ekrem. <i>Hejaz railway: A historic line to Islam's holiest cities</i> [online]. Daily Sabah, 28.10.2016, rev. 2016-10-28, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailysabah.com/feature/2016/10/28/hejaz-railway-a-historic-line-to-islams-holiest-cities">Dostupné online.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">HEAD, Jonathan. <i>Iraq – Turkey railway link re-opens</i> [online]. BBC, 16.2.2010, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8518109.stm">Dostupné online.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Haydarpasa Train Station</i> [online]. Emporis, 3.4.2012, [cit. 2019-10-10]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emporis.com/building/haydarpasatrainstation-istanbul-turkey">Dostupné online.</a> (po anglicky)</cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pozri_aj">Pozri aj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Upraviť sekciu: Pozri aj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=17" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Pozri aj"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byzantsk%C3%A1_r%C3%AD%C5%A1a" title="Byzantská ríša">Byzantská ríša</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iné_projekty"><span id="In.C3.A9_projekty"></span>Iné projekty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Upraviť sekciu: Iné projekty" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=18" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Iné projekty"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Istanbul" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Istanbul">Commons</a></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spolupracuj na Commons"><img alt="Spolupracuj na Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Commons ponúka multimediálne súbory na tému <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Istanbul" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Istanbul">Istanbul</a></b></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Európske_hlavné_mesto_kultúry" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks text-align:center collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0abl%C3%B3na:Eur%C3%B3pske_hlavn%C3%A9_mesto_kult%C3%BAry" title="Šablóna:Európske hlavné mesto kultúry"><span title="Zobraz túto šablónu" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">z</span></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskusia_k_%C5%A1abl%C3%B3ne:Eur%C3%B3pske_hlavn%C3%A9_mesto_kult%C3%BAry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diskusia k šablóne:Európske hlavné mesto kultúry (stránka neexistuje)"><span title="Diskusia o tejto šablóne" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</span></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0abl%C3%B3na:Eur%C3%B3pske_hlavn%C3%A9_mesto_kult%C3%BAry&action=edit"><span title="Upraviť túto šablónu" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">u</span></a></li></ul></div><div id="Európske_hlavné_mesto_kultúry" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B3pske_hlavn%C3%A9_mesto_kult%C3%BAry" title="Európske hlavné mesto kultúry">Európske hlavné mesto kultúry</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Grécko"><img alt="Grécko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/22px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/33px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/44px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/At%C3%A9ny" title="Atény">Atény</a> (1985)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Taliansko"><img alt="Taliansko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Florence" class="mw-redirect" title="Florence">Florence</a> (1986)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Holandsko"><img alt="Holandsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> (1987)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nemecko"><img alt="Nemecko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Berl%C3%ADn" title="Berlín">Berlín</a> (1988)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Francúzsko"><img alt="Francúzsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%AD%C5%BE" title="Paríž">Paríž</a> (1989)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Veľká Británia"><img alt="Veľká Británia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a> (1990)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Írsko"><img alt="Írsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a> (1991)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Španielsko"><img alt="Španielsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/33px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/44px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> (1992)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Belgicko"><img alt="Belgicko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Anvers" class="mw-redirect" title="Anvers">Anvers</a> (1993)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Portugalsko"><img alt="Portugalsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/22px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/44px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lisabon" title="Lisabon">Lisabon</a> (1994)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Luxembursko"><img alt="Luxembursko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/22px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/33px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/44px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Luxemburg_(mesto)" title="Luxemburg (mesto)">Luxemburg</a> (1995)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dánsko"><img alt="Dánsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/21px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/42px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Koda%C5%88" title="Kodaň">Kodaň</a> (1996)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Grécko"><img alt="Grécko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/22px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/33px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/44px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sol%C3%BAn" title="Solún">Solún</a> (1997)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Švédsko"><img alt="Švédsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tokholm" title="Štokholm">Štokholm</a> (1998)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nemecko"><img alt="Nemecko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Weimar" title="Weimar">Weimar</a> (1999)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Francúzsko"><img alt="Francúzsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nórsko"><img alt="Nórsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/33px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/44px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bergen" title="Bergen">Bergen</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Taliansko"><img alt="Taliansko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bolo%C5%88a" class="mw-redirect" title="Boloňa">Boloňa</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Belgicko"><img alt="Belgicko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Brusel" title="Brusel">Brusel</a>, <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fínsko"><img alt="Fínsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Poľsko"><img alt="Poľsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Krakov" title="Krakov">Krakov</a>, <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Česko"><img alt="Česko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Praha" title="Praha">Praha</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Island"><img alt="Island" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Reykjavik" class="mw-redirect" title="Reykjavik">Reykjavik</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Španielsko"><img alt="Španielsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/33px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/44px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a> (2000)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Portugalsko"><img alt="Portugalsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/22px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/44px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Porto_(mesto_v_Portugalsku)" title="Porto (mesto v Portugalsku)">Porto</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Holandsko"><img alt="Holandsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a> (2001)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Španielsko"><img alt="Španielsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/33px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/44px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Salamanca_(mesto_v_%C5%A0panielsku)" title="Salamanca (mesto v Španielsku)">Salamanca</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Belgicko"><img alt="Belgicko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bruggy" title="Bruggy">Bruggy</a> (2002)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rakúsko"><img alt="Rakúsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a> (2003)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Francúzsko"><img alt="Francúzsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lille" title="Lille">Lille</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Taliansko"><img alt="Taliansko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Janov_(Taliansko)" title="Janov (Taliansko)">Janov</a> (2004)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Írsko"><img alt="Írsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cork_(mesto_v_%C3%8Drsku)" title="Cork (mesto v Írsku)">Cork</a> (2005)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Grécko"><img alt="Grécko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/22px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/33px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/44px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Patra" title="Patra">Patra</a> (2006)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Luxembursko"><img alt="Luxembursko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/22px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/33px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/44px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Luxemburg_(mesto)" title="Luxemburg (mesto)">Luxemburg</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rumunsko"><img alt="Rumunsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/33px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/44px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sibiu_(mesto)" title="Sibiu (mesto)">Sibiu</a> (2007)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Veľká Británia"><img alt="Veľká Británia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nórsko"><img alt="Nórsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/33px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/44px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Stavanger" title="Stavanger">Stavanger</a> (2008)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Litva"><img alt="Litva" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/33px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/44px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rakúsko"><img alt="Rakúsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a> (2009)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Maďarsko"><img alt="Maďarsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9cs" title="Pécs">Pécs</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nemecko"><img alt="Nemecko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Essen_(Nemecko)" title="Essen (Nemecko)">Essen</a>, <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Turecko"><img alt="Turecko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Istanbul</a> (2010)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Estónsko"><img alt="Estónsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fínsko"><img alt="Fínsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a> (2011)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Portugalsko"><img alt="Portugalsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/22px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/44px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Guimar%C3%A3es_(mesto)" title="Guimarães (mesto)">Guimarães</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Slovinsko"><img alt="Slovinsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Maribor" title="Maribor">Maribor</a> (2012)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Francúzsko"><img alt="Francúzsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Slovensko"><img alt="Slovensko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Košice</a> (2013)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Lotyšsko"><img alt="Lotyšsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Švédsko"><img alt="Švédsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ume%C3%A5" title="Umeå">Umeå</a> (2014)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Belgicko"><img alt="Belgicko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mons" title="Mons">Mons</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Česko"><img alt="Česko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Plze%C5%88" title="Plzeň">Plzeň</a> (2015)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Poľsko"><img alt="Poľsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" class="mw-redirect" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Španielsko"><img alt="Španielsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/33px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/44px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Donostia-San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="Donostia-San Sebastián">Donostia-San Sebastián</a> (2016)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Paphos" class="mw-redirect" title="Paphos">Paphos</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dánsko"><img alt="Dánsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/21px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/42px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Aarhus" title="Aarhus">Aarhus</a> (2017)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Holandsko"><img alt="Holandsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Leeuwarden" title="Leeuwarden">Leeuwarden</a> (2018)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Taliansko"><img alt="Taliansko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Matera" title="Matera">Matera</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bulharsko"><img alt="Bulharsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv_(mesto)" title="Plovdiv (mesto)">Plovdiv</a> (2019)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Chorvátsko"><img alt="Chorvátsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka">Rijeka</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Írsko"><img alt="Írsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Galway_(mesto)" title="Galway (mesto)">Galway</a> (2020)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rumunsko"><img alt="Rumunsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/33px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/44px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Teme%C5%A1v%C3%A1r" title="Temešvár">Temešvár</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Grécko"><img alt="Grécko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/22px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/33px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/44px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elefsina" title="Elefsina">Elefsina</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Srbsko"><img alt="Srbsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" class="mw-redirect" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a> (2021)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Litva"><img alt="Litva" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/33px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/44px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas">Kaunas</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Luxembursko"><img alt="Luxembursko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/22px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/33px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/44px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Esch-sur-Alzette" title="Esch-sur-Alzette">Esch-sur-Alzette</a> (2022)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Maďarsko"><img alt="Maďarsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Veszpr%C3%A9m" class="mw-redirect" title="Veszprém">Veszprém</a> (2023)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Estónsko"><img alt="Estónsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartu</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rakúsko"><img alt="Rakúsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salzkammergut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salzkammergut (stránka neexistuje)">Salzkammergut</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nórsko"><img alt="Nórsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/33px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/44px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bod%C3%B8" title="Bodø">Bodø</a> (2024)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Slovinsko"><img alt="Slovinsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nova_Gorica" title="Nova Gorica">Nova Gorica</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nemecko"><img alt="Nemecko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kamenica_(mesto_v_Nemecku)" title="Kamenica (mesto v Nemecku)">Kamenica</a> (2025)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fínsko"><img alt="Fínsko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Oulu_(mesto)" title="Oulu (mesto)">Oulu</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Slovensko"><img alt="Slovensko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tren%C4%8D%C3%ADn" title="Trenčín">Trenčín</a> (2026)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Zdroj: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&oldid=7918318">https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&oldid=7918318</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" 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