Evaluation FAQ | EU CAP Network

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id="megamenu-explore-the-network" style=""> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/national-networks_en"> <span class="text-wrap">National Networks</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/networking/leader_en"> <span class="text-wrap">LEADER</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/networking/leader/lag-directory_en"> <span class="text-wrap">LAG Directory</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/countries_en"> <span class="text-wrap">Explore country data</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6"> <span class="list-group--title d-none d-lg-inline-flex">Cooperation and funding</span> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> <button class="btn list-group--title accordion-button d-inline-flex d-lg-none collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#megamenu-cooperation-and-funding" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="megamenu-cooperation-and-funding">Cooperation and funding</button> <ul aria-label="Cooperation and funding" class="list-group list-group-flush border-0 text-lg-start collapse show" id="megamenu-cooperation-and-funding" style=""> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://ec.europa.eu/eip/agriculture/en/find-connect/funding-opportunities"> <span class="text-wrap">Funding opportunities</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://ec.europa.eu/eip/agriculture/en/find-connect/needs-for-research"> <span class="text-wrap">Research needs</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://ec.europa.eu/eip/agriculture/en/find-connect/project-ideas"> <span class="text-wrap">Project ideas</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle--megamenu nav-link" href="" id="megamenu-projects-and-practice" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false" data-bs-auto-close="outside" data-megamenu-toggle>Projects and practice</a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu__megamenu " aria-labelledby="megamenu-projects-and-practice"> <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary btn-md float-end me-3 dropdown-toggle--internal d-none d-lg-inline-block border-0 p-0 fs-4 icon--black" aria-label="Close"> <span class="cap-icon bi-x" aria-hidden="true"></span> </button> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> <div class="container-lg container--megamenu py-lg-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6"> <span class="list-group--title d-none d-lg-inline-flex">Inspirations and ideas</span> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> <button class="btn list-group--title accordion-button d-inline-flex d-lg-none collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#megamenu-inspirations-and-ideas" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="megamenu-inspirations-and-ideas">Inspirations and ideas</button> <ul aria-label="Inspirations and ideas" class="list-group list-group-flush border-0 text-lg-start collapse show" id="megamenu-inspirations-and-ideas" style=""> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://ec.europa.eu/enrd/evaluation/knowledge-bank_en.html"> <span class="text-wrap">Evaluation Knowledge Bank</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/support/evaluation/good-practice-workshops_en"> <span class="text-wrap">Evaluation practices</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/good-practice_en"> <span class="text-wrap">Good practice</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6"> <span class="list-group--title d-none d-lg-inline-flex">Projects</span> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> <button class="btn list-group--title accordion-button d-inline-flex d-lg-none collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#megamenu-projects" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="megamenu-projects">Projects</button> <ul aria-label="Projects" class="list-group list-group-flush border-0 text-lg-start collapse show" id="megamenu-projects" style=""> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/projects_en"> <span class="text-wrap">About EIP-AGRI projects</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/projects/search_en"> <span class="text-wrap">EIP-AGRI project database</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region 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href="/horizon-europe-creating-knowledge-and-innovation-sustainable-agriculture-forestry-and-rural_en"> <span class="text-wrap">Horizon Europe</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle--megamenu nav-link" href="" id="megamenu-themes" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false" data-bs-auto-close="outside" data-megamenu-toggle>Themes</a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu__megamenu " aria-labelledby="megamenu-themes"> <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary btn-md float-end me-3 dropdown-toggle--internal d-none d-lg-inline-block border-0 p-0 fs-4 icon--black" aria-label="Close"> <span class="cap-icon bi-x" aria-hidden="true"></span> </button> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> <div class="container-lg container--megamenu py-lg-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6"> <span class="list-group--title d-none d-lg-inline-flex">Thematic work</span> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> <button class="btn list-group--title accordion-button d-inline-flex d-lg-none collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#megamenu-thematic-work" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="megamenu-thematic-work">Thematic work</button> <ul aria-label="Thematic work" class="list-group list-group-flush border-0 text-lg-start collapse show" id="megamenu-thematic-work" style=""> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/thematic-groups-cap-implementation_en"> <span class="text-wrap">CAP Implementation</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/focus-groups-innovation-knowledge-exchange-and-eip-agri_en"> <span class="text-wrap">Innovation, knowledge exchange and EIP-AGRI</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/support/evaluation/thematic-working-groups-monitoring-and-evaluating-cap_en"> <span class="text-wrap">Evaluation</span> </a> <div 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href="/topics_en"> <span class="text-wrap">Trending topics</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle--megamenu nav-link" href="" id="megamenu-resources" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false" data-bs-auto-close="outside" data-megamenu-toggle>Resources</a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu__megamenu dropdown-menu__megamenu--large" aria-labelledby="megamenu-resources"> <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary btn-md float-end me-3 dropdown-toggle--internal d-none d-lg-inline-block border-0 p-0 fs-4 icon--black" aria-label="Close"> <span class="cap-icon bi-x" aria-hidden="true"></span> </button> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div 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publications</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/publications/catalogue-cap-interventions_en"> <span class="text-wrap">Catalogue of CAP interventions</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-4"> <span class="list-group--title d-none d-lg-inline-flex">Training</span> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region 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href="/training/evaluation-learning-portal_en"> <span class="text-wrap">Evaluation learning portal</span> </a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-4"> <span class="list-group--title d-none d-lg-inline-flex">Evaluation</span> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> </div> </div> <button class="btn list-group--title accordion-button d-inline-flex d-lg-none collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#megamenu-evaluation" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="megamenu-evaluation">Evaluation</button> <ul aria-label="Evaluation" class="list-group 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</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item " > <span class="cap-icon bi-chevron-left me-2 d-md-none" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span>Resources</span> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current="page"> <span class="cap-icon bi-chevron-left me-2 d-md-none" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="line-clamp-1">Evaluation FAQ</span> </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-cap-theme-page-title" class="block block-core block-page-title-block"> <div class="col"> </div> </div> <div id="block-mainpagecontent" class="block block-system block-system-main-block"> <article class="node node--type-basic-page node--view-mode-full"> <div class="node__content"> <div class="container"> <div class="row align-items-center"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-8"> <h1><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Evaluation FAQ</span> </h1> <ul class="list-inline" data-br="" id="responsive-list"> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a role="button" href="/taxonomy/term/2_en" class="btn btn--strand btn-evaluation-hover"> <span class="focus-evaluation" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="btn__text ms-2"> Evaluation </span> <span class="cap-icon bi-chevron-right btn__icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> </a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a role="button" href="/topics/akis_en" class="btn btn--strand"> <span class="me-2 tag"> <span class="tag-icon tag-icon--outlined" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="cap-icon bi-tag" aria-hidden="true"></span> </span> <span>AKIS</span> </span> <span class="cap-icon bi-chevron-right btn__icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> </a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a role="button" href="/topics/cap-strategic-plans_en" class="btn btn--strand"> <span class="me-2 tag"> <span class="tag-icon tag-icon--outlined" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="cap-icon bi-tag" aria-hidden="true"></span> </span> <span>CAP Strategic Plans</span> </span> <span class="cap-icon bi-chevron-right btn__icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> </a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a role="button" href="/topics/cross-cutting-impacts_en" class="btn btn--strand"> <span class="me-2 tag"> <span class="tag-icon tag-icon--outlined" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="cap-icon bi-tag" aria-hidden="true"></span> </span> <span>Cross-cutting Impacts</span> </span> <span class="cap-icon bi-chevron-right btn__icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> </a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a role="button" href="/topics/evaluation-elements_en" class="btn btn--strand"> <span class="me-2 tag"> <span class="tag-icon tag-icon--outlined" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="cap-icon bi-tag" aria-hidden="true"></span> </span> <span>Evaluation elements</span> </span> <span class="cap-icon bi-chevron-right btn__icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> </a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a role="button" href="/topics/indicators_en" class="btn btn--strand"> <span class="me-2 tag"> <span class="tag-icon tag-icon--outlined" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="cap-icon bi-tag" aria-hidden="true"></span> </span> <span>Indicators</span> </span> <span class="cap-icon bi-chevron-right btn__icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> </a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item toggle-more-items"> <button class="btn bg-transparent p-0"> <span class="badge rounded-pill bg-primary--light"> <span class="cap-icon bi-three-dots icon--black" aria-hidden="true"> </span> </span> <span class="visually-hidden">Show/hide other elements.</span> </button> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container my-5"> <div class="row"> <div class="bg-xs-sm-light col-12 col-md-4 col-xl-3 d-print-none mb-5 mb-md-0 py-3 py-md-0"> <h3 class="mb-3 mb-md-4 fs-5 d-md-none">Page contents</h3> <nav data-scrollspy="in_page_navigation" class="navbar navbar-light navbar--scrollspy flex-column align-items-stretch p-0" id="in_page_navigation"> <nav class="nav nav-pills flex-column"> <a class="nav-link" href="#paragraph-6187">1. AKIS</a> <a class="nav-link" href="#paragraph-6188">2. Cross-Cutting Objective</a> <a class="nav-link" href="#paragraph-6184">3. Evaluation criteria</a> <a class="nav-link" href="#paragraph-6189">4. General</a> <a class="nav-link" href="#paragraph-5988">5. Green architecture</a> <a class="nav-link" href="#paragraph-6186">6. Indicators</a> <a class="nav-link" href="#paragraph-6183">7. Stakeholder mapping</a> <a class="nav-link" href="#paragraph-6185">8. Specific Objectives</a> </nav> <div id="collapseLinks" class="js-extra-links collapse"></div> </nav> <button class="js-toggle-link btn btn-link d-md-none" data-text-all="Show all" data-text-less="Show less" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapseLinks" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseLinks"> Show all </button> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-8 col-xl-9"> <section class="pb-5 pb-md-6-5" id="paragraph-5986"> <div class="container"> <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-1 justify-content-start align-items-stretch gy-3 gy-md-5"> <div id="paragraph-6182" class="col paragraph paragraph--type--image paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-media field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><figure class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-wide"> <div class="rounded-3-img mb-3 field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/full_width_desktop_1920/public/2023-07/evaluation-faq.png.webp?itok=aEcCRrjw 1x" media="(min-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="840" height="288"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/full_width_mobile_1080/public/2023-07/evaluation-faq.png.webp?itok=sJjrH2ok 1x" media="(min-width: 576px)" type="image/webp" width="840" height="288"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/full_width_mobile_1080/public/2023-07/evaluation-faq.png.webp?itok=sJjrH2ok" width="840" height="288" alt="Evaluation FAQ" class="img-fluid" /> </picture> </div> </figure> </div> </div> </div> <div id="paragraph-5987" class="col paragraph paragraph--type--textarea paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-text-formatted field--type-text-long field--label-hidden"> <p><span lang="EN-US"><span>The European Evaluation Helpdesk for the CAP regularly receives questions from EU Member States on range of topics related to evaluating agriculture and rural development policy. The below selection of these queriers were answered by the Evaluation Helpdesk in collaboration with experts and the European Commission.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>Please send your evaluation-related queries to <a href="mailto:evaluation@eucapnetwork.eu">evaluation@eucapnetwork.eu</a>. </span></span></p> </div> </div> <div id="paragraph-6187" class="col paragraph paragraph--type--oe-description-list paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="paragraph-6187-title">1. AKIS</h2> <dl class="accordion accordion-flush accordion--faq"> <div class="accordion-item mb-3"> <h5 class="accordion-header" id="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--798--281"> <dt class="accordion-item accordion-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#accordion-filters-collapse-1--798--281" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-filters-collapse-1--798--281"> In regionalised EU Member States, should each region evaluate its AKIS strategic approach? </dt> </h5> <dd aria-labelledby="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--798--281" class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="accordion-filters-collapse-1--798--281"> <div class="accordion-body"> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span><span>There is no requirement on the number of evaluations, it is up to the EU Member State to decide how many evaluations it will undertake.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>According to Article 2(a) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1475, EU Member States are required to evaluate each Specific Objective and Cross-Cutting Objective (CCO) of modernisation during the implementation of the CAP Strategic Plan in line with its intervention logic. Where applicable, the AKIS strategic approach should be assessed based on the EU Member State's evaluation needs, taking into account the intervention logic and implementation of the CAP Strategic Plan, as stated in Article 2(d) of the Implementing Regulation. This implies that <strong>the evaluation (scope, focus and timing) of the AKIS strategic approach will be defined by the EU Member State's evaluation needs, intervention logic of the AKIS strategic approach, and its implementation</strong>.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>If the implementation of AKIS related interventions in an EU Member State is shared responsibility between the national and regional levels, the interventions implemented at regional level can also be analysed at the relevant level, but the findings/conclusions can be aggregated at the national level to provide evidence on the achievement of the CAP Strategic Plan. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span><span>The </span></span></span></span><a href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32021R2115&from=EN"><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span><span><span><span>CAP Strategic Plan </span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>regulation</span></span></span></a> <span lang="EN-GB"><span><span><span>only requires an evaluation at the CAP Strategic Plan level</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>. If the EU Member State considers it relevant, it can also decide to conduct several AKIS evaluations at the regional level or assess the coordination between the national and regional level. EU Member States also need to take into account recital 120 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115 which encourages them to ensure the involvement of the regions in the design of the evaluation plan and in the monitoring and evaluation of the regional interventions of the CAP Strategic Plan.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>To support EU Member States in the evaluation of AKIS, the guidelines ‘Evaluating the AKIS strategic approach in CAP Strategic Plans’ have been developed by the Evaluation Helpdesk and will be published on the EU CAP Network website in May 2023.</span></span></span></p> </div> </dd> </div> </dl> </div> <div id="paragraph-6188" class="col paragraph paragraph--type--oe-description-list paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="paragraph-6188-title">2. Cross-Cutting Objective</h2> <dl class="accordion accordion-flush accordion--faq"> <div class="accordion-item mb-3"> <h5 class="accordion-header" id="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--351--701"> <dt class="accordion-item accordion-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#accordion-filters-collapse-1--351--701" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-filters-collapse-1--351--701"> Is it expected that EU Member States perform evaluations for each Cross-Cutting Objective (CCO) and AKIS? </dt> </h5> <dd aria-labelledby="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--351--701" class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="accordion-filters-collapse-1--351--701"> <div class="accordion-body"> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>No, it is not necessary to conduct separate evaluations. In line with Article 114(a) of the CAP Strategic Plan Regulation (EU) 2021/2115, AKIS is expected to contribute to the achievement of the CCO set out in Article 6(2), so it can be evaluated in the context of the CCO evaluation. Given that AKIS strategic approach will be evaluated as part of the CCO assessment, the requirement of the Article 2(d) of the Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1475 will be met respectively.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>However, based on EU Member State evaluation needs, more focused evaluation of AKIS strategic approach can be performed, for example on the functionality of AKIS or addressing more specific elements, such as knowledge flows and strengthening links between research and practice.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>To support EU Member States in the evaluation of AKIS, the guidelines ‘Evaluating the AKIS strategic approach in CAP Strategic Plans’ have been developed and will be published on the EU CAP Network website in May 2023.</span></span></span></p> </div> </dd> </div> </dl> </div> <div id="paragraph-6184" class="col paragraph paragraph--type--oe-description-list paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="paragraph-6184-title">3. Evaluation criteria</h2> <dl class="accordion accordion-flush accordion--faq"> <div class="accordion-item mb-3"> <h5 class="accordion-header" id="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--358--494"> <dt class="accordion-item accordion-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#accordion-filters-collapse-1--358--494" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-filters-collapse-1--358--494"> How should evaluation criteria (effectiveness, efficiency, relevancy, coherence, and Union added value) be consideredin the evaluation plan and evaluation framework? Are they all equally important in evaluation? </dt> </h5> <dd aria-labelledby="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--358--494" class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="accordion-filters-collapse-1--358--494"> <div class="accordion-body"> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>In paragraph 1 of Article 1 of the Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1475 it is written that “<em>[w]hen</em><em> evaluating their CAP Strategic Plans, Member States shall define evaluation questions and factors of success to assess the evaluation criteria of effectiveness, efficiency, relevance, coherence and Union added value referred to in Article 140(1) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115</em>”.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Then, a distinction is made between evaluations conducted <u>during the implementation</u> of the CAP Strategic Plans and those conducted <u>ex post</u>. For the former, according to point (b) of Article 2 of the above regulation, “<em>Member States shall assess their CAP Strategic Plans <u>using the relevant evaluation criteria</u></em>” and according to point (e) “<em>Member States shall carry out evaluations in time to be able to prepare the subsequent CAP Strategic Plan’s period</em>”. The ex post evaluations “<em>shall include the assessment of the CAP Strategic Plans and their implementation <u>based on each of the evaluation criteria of effectiveness, efficiency, relevance, coherence and Union added value</u></em>” (paragraph 2 of Article 3).</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Information on how and when to incorporate the evaluation criteria in the evaluation plan and framework can be found in the </span></span></span><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/law/law-making-process/planning-and-proposing-law/better-regulation/better-regulation-guidelines-and-toolbox/better-regulation-toolbox_en"><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Better Regulation Toolbox</span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span> and in the </span></span></span><a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="8e331fc2-420c-4008-9541-1ae685b72c82" href="/publications/guidelines-design-evaluation-plans_en" title="Guidelines - Design of evaluation plans"><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>evaluation plan guidelines</span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span> published in March 2023 by the Evaluation Helpdesk.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Regarding the relative weight of each evaluation criterion, in Tool #47 of the Better Regulation Toolbox it is mentioned that “<em>[t]he degree of analysis conducted for each criterion should be proportionate: it depends on the intervention being evaluated, the timing of the evaluation and the adequacy and reliability of the data</em>”. Moreover, according to </span></span></span><a href="https://www.oecd.org/dac/applying-evaluation-criteria-thoughtfully-543e84ed-en.htm"><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>OECD</span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>, the decision can be based on two principles:</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <div class="arrow-list"> <ul> <li><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB">Principle One: The criteria should be applied thoughtfully to support high-quality, useful evaluation.</span></span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB">Principle Two: Use of the criteria depends on the purpose of the evaluation. </span></span></span></span></li> </ul> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Based on the above, all evaluation criteria are of equal importance but when conducting evaluations <u>during the implementation of the CAP Strategic Plans</u>, EU Member States may decide that some evaluation criteria will be analysed more in-depth than others. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>The use of a complete evaluation framework for all evaluation criteria, that will be assessed during an evaluation, is considered a good practice and therefore, all elements, including evaluation questions, factors of success and corresponding indicators, should be put in place.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>To develop such a framework, attention should be paid to the following considerations:</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <ul> <li><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB">EU Member States must build at least on the key elements, listed in Annex I of the Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1475, to develop comprehensive evaluation questions for effectiveness and they may also use the recommended factors of success to answer these questions.</span></span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB">For efficiency, “<em>Member States shall analyse whether the effects or benefits of the CAP Strategic Plans were achieved at a reasonable cost and shall assess simplification both for beneficiaries and for the administration, with special focus on administrative costs and on the use of digital tools and satellites</em>” (paragraph 3 of Article 1 of the Implementing Regulation). To do so, they have to formulate appropriate evaluation questions and corresponding factors of success.</span></span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB">For the rest of evaluation criteria, there are no specific provisions in the Implementing Regulation.</span></span></span></span></li> </ul> <p><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>The Evaluation Helpdesk offers support to EU Member States for formulating and operationalising the factors of success within a coherent and comprehensive evaluation framework. The Thematic Working Group on the </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span><span><a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="794714ad-2f0b-4611-adbe-b338964e9c6b" href="/use-factors-success-evaluation_en" title="Use of factors of success in evaluation"><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>‘Use of factors of success in evaluation’</span></span></span></a></span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span> has been set up to develop a tool to demonstrate how factors of success can be used. This Thematic Working Group runs from March to September 2023. </span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </dd> </div> </dl> </div> <div id="paragraph-6189" class="col paragraph paragraph--type--oe-description-list paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="paragraph-6189-title">4. General</h2> <dl class="accordion accordion-flush accordion--faq"> <div class="accordion-item mb-3"> <h5 class="accordion-header" id="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--972--165"> <dt class="accordion-item accordion-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#accordion-filters-collapse-1--972--165" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-filters-collapse-1--972--165"> Who can be a "functionally independent" evaluator of the CAP Strategic Plan? </dt> </h5> <dd aria-labelledby="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--972--165" class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="accordion-filters-collapse-1--972--165"> <div class="accordion-body"> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Article 140(2) of Regulation (EU) No 2021/2115 states that “Member States shall entrust evaluations to functionally independent experts”. Evaluations shall be carried out by internal or external experts that are functionally independent of the authorities responsible for programme implementation.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>As reference, during the previous programming period (2014-2020), the ‘</span></span></span><a href="https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/0466859a-d08a-11e5-a4b5-01aa75ed71a1/language-en"><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Guidance Document on Monitoring and Evaluation for the programming period 2014-2020</span></span></span></a><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span><u><span lang="EN-GB"><span>‘</span></span></u></span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span> issued by DG Regional Policies in March 2014 clarifies that the level of independence should be such that there is no doubt that the work is carried out with objectivity, and the evaluation judgments are unbiased and not subordinated to an agreement of the services responsible for conducting the programme. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Therefore, the European Commission services consider it as best practice to assign the evaluation to external experts or to a different organisation from that responsible for managing/implementing the programme and any of the intermediate bodies reporting to it.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Finally, where evaluation and programme implementation are assigned to the same department or unit of an organisation, this could give rise to doubts about “functional independence” of the evaluation. Hence, clear arrangements for ensuring independence, though, for instance, the following measures should be made:</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <div class="arrow-list"> <ul> <li><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Clear job description for the person, team or sector assuming the evaluation function;</span></span></span></span></span></span></li> <li><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Exclusion of the person, team or sector from the authority of the services in charge of programme design/implementation.</span></span></span></span></span></span></li> </ul> <p><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Moreover, when it comes to natural persons and the potential of a conflict of interest, please consult the Commission guidance on the </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span><span><a href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52021XC0409(01)&from=EN"><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>avoidance and management of conflict of interest</span></span></span></a>.</span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </dd> </div> </dl> </div> <div id="paragraph-5988" class="col paragraph paragraph--type--oe-description-list paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="paragraph-5988-title">5. Green architecture</h2> <dl class="accordion accordion-flush accordion--faq"> <div class="accordion-item mb-3"> <h5 class="accordion-header" id="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--76--398"> <dt class="accordion-item accordion-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#accordion-filters-collapse-1--76--398" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-filters-collapse-1--76--398"> How should the specific evaluation topic ‘Green Architecture’ (environmental and climate architecture) be understood? </dt> </h5> <dd aria-labelledby="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--76--398" class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="accordion-filters-collapse-1--76--398"> <div class="accordion-body"> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>The aim is to assess the effects and interplay of whole set of green elements of the CAP. At least Conditionality and requirements to receive CAP support and green measures (eco-schemes, AEM, sectoral interventions, etc.) which are aimed to, or focus on, environment (no secondary effects, but clearly and actually aimed to address environmental-related needs/objectives/aspects). See </span></span></span><a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="26454149-2142-4065-b5f2-aa75b562402e" href="/node/204"><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Meeting highlights - Workshop on Implementing the CAP Green Architecture (europa.eu)</span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>The assessment of the Green Architecture is done during the implementation period as well as during the ex post evaluation where it is part of the overall assessment of General Objectives. The assessment can focus both on the provisions/building stones of Green Architecture in the CAP Strategic Plan (earlier) as well as on the respective effects/impacts (later in the programming period). </span></span></span><span lang="LV"><span><span>The assessment of the Green Architecture is carried out during the implementation period as well as during the ex post evaluation where it is part of the overall assessment of General Objectives.</span></span></span></p> </div> </dd> </div> </dl> </div> <div id="paragraph-6186" class="col paragraph paragraph--type--oe-description-list paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="paragraph-6186-title">6. Indicators</h2> <dl class="accordion accordion-flush accordion--faq"> <div class="accordion-item mb-3"> <h5 class="accordion-header" id="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--152--908"> <dt class="accordion-item accordion-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#accordion-filters-collapse-1--152--908" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-filters-collapse-1--152--908"> How should CAP evaluations use results indicators? Should they focus on the most important indicators for a CAP Strategic Plan or use all of them? </dt> </h5> <dd aria-labelledby="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--152--908" class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="accordion-filters-collapse-1--152--908"> <div class="accordion-body"> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>The indicators that will be used in each evaluation should be defined when developing the evaluation framework. Their selection would typically depend on the evaluation questions, which should reflect the underlying intervention logic, and how these would be answered through the corresponding factors of success. Each factor of success should be linked with appropriate indicators that reflect the causal chain from outputs and results to impacts.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>The decision about which result indicators should be linked to the factors of success and used in the evaluation, should follow the intervention logic established in the CAP Strategic Plan. Those result indicators to which the underlying interventions contribute directly and significantly, should be typically considered in the causal chain. This direct and significant contribution is not determined only by the relative budget size. For example, even if the production of renewable energy, although on a small-scale, or the promotion of digital farming technologies represent a small part of a single large on-farm modernisation investment, this intervention should nevertheless be linked to R.3 (digitalising agriculture) and the installed capacity be reported under R.15 (renewable energy).</span></span></span></p> </div> </dd> </div> <div class="accordion-item mb-3"> <h5 class="accordion-header" id="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-2--152--908"> <dt class="accordion-item accordion-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#accordion-filters-collapse-2--152--908" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-filters-collapse-2--152--908"> Will the European Commission provide data for impact indicators the same way it did for context indicators in Annex I of the CAP Strategic Plan Regulation (EU) 2021/2115? </dt> </h5> <dd aria-labelledby="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-2--152--908" class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="accordion-filters-collapse-2--152--908"> <div class="accordion-body"> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Values of the CAP context (and impact) indicators are published on the European Commission’s agri-food data portal in the section ‘</span></span></span><a href="https://agridata.ec.europa.eu/extensions/DataPortal/cmef_indicators.html"><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>CAP indicators’</span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>There you can find the latest available values for CAP indicators following the context indicators CMEF code (context indicators that incorporate impact indicators are marked with an asterisk(*)). Context and impact indicator fiches (Version 8.0 published on Circa 14/02/2022) provide a table that allows the identification of the respective CAP indicators for the 2023-2027 programming period with the respective PMEF indicator codes.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span><span>The Commission will continue to publish values of CAP indicators as soon as they will become available from Eurostat or other relevant data sources.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span><span>The list of indicators is also foreseen to be updated by aligning them with the PMEF, adding new indicators that are listed in the Annex I of the CAP Strategic Plan Regulation (EU) 2021/211 and adding updated fiches of these indicators. In the context and impact indicator fiches, EU Member States can find information on most of the impact indicators about the frequency at which their values are collected/calculated and timeliness (how old are the data when they become available).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span><span>Additionally, I.21 (LUCAS data 2022) is currently being analysed by the JRC and should be available in the course of 2023, while</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span><span>I.22 (</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span><span>Data (2020)) be available for a baseline in 2023.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Although values of context/impact indicators are provided by the Commission, the contribution of the relevant CAP Strategic Plans to these common impact indicators is not always evident and these values are not enough to carry out evaluations at the EU Member State level. Therefore, EU Member States shall quantify the contribution of the CAP Strategic Plans of at least the common impact indicators set out in Annex III of the Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1475.</span></span></span></p> </div> </dd> </div> </dl> </div> <div id="paragraph-6183" class="col paragraph paragraph--type--oe-description-list paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="paragraph-6183-title">7. Stakeholder mapping</h2> <dl class="accordion accordion-flush accordion--faq"> <div class="accordion-item mb-3"> <h5 class="accordion-header" id="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--661--592"> <dt class="accordion-item accordion-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#accordion-filters-collapse-1--661--592" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-filters-collapse-1--661--592"> In the evaluation plan, what is the rationale behind the analysis and mapping of stakeholders when planning evaluation and capacity building activities? What is the role of stakeholders in the evaluation process? </dt> </h5> <dd aria-labelledby="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--661--592" class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="accordion-filters-collapse-1--661--592"> <div class="accordion-body"> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Stakeholders mapping allows a Managing Authority to collect all the information needed to develop a coherent strategy for stakeholder engagement in the evaluation process. This will help the Managing Authority identify all relevant stakeholders and understand how and when they should be engaged with, as well as understand their specific characteristics and needs, classification according to their interest in, and power to, affect the implementation and evaluation of the CAP Strategic Plan interventions.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>For example, the Managing Authority should collaborate closely, throughout the evaluation process, with stakeholders with high interest and power to define the scope of the corresponding evaluations, including evaluation questions, and their timing, such as the Paying Agency, intermediate bodies or strong farmer unions. High interest and low power stakeholders, like LAGs, farm advisors or environmental NGOs, could be involved to further refine the scope of the evaluations during the initial stages and/or at the end of the process to check whether evaluation findings are grounded in reality.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>High power and low interest stakeholders, like influential researchers and academics, can be consulted at the initial stages regarding the validity of the evaluation design and/or the robustness of the methods that could be devised to answer evaluation questions. Additionally, depending on their level of engagement, different stakeholder groups may have different needs for capacity building. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>The concept of stakeholder mapping is addressed extensively in the </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span><span><a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="8e331fc2-420c-4008-9541-1ae685b72c82" href="/publications/guidelines-design-evaluation-plans_en" title="Guidelines - Design of evaluation plans"><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>evaluation plan </span></span></span></a></span></span></span> <span lang="EN-US"><span><span><a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="8e331fc2-420c-4008-9541-1ae685b72c82" href="/publications/guidelines-design-evaluation-plans_en" title="Guidelines - Design of evaluation plans"><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Guidelines: Design of evaluation plans</span></span></span></a></span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>, published in March 2023 by the Evaluation Helpdesk. In this publication, beyond a specific chapter for stakeholder mapping, there are several tools including how to identify and classify stakeholders and how to assess their needs for capacity building.</span></span></span></p> </div> </dd> </div> </dl> </div> <div id="paragraph-6185" class="col paragraph paragraph--type--oe-description-list paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="paragraph-6185-title">8. Specific Objectives</h2> <dl class="accordion accordion-flush accordion--faq"> <div class="accordion-item mb-3"> <h5 class="accordion-header" id="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--766--170"> <dt class="accordion-item accordion-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#accordion-filters-collapse-1--766--170" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-filters-collapse-1--766--170"> How should EU Member States evaluate interventions that address several Specific Objectives, such as those in eco-schemes? Will it be part of evaluation of the ‘environmental and climate architecture’ or will it fall under evaluation of each objective? </dt> </h5> <dd aria-labelledby="accordion-filters-collapse-heading-1--766--170" class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="accordion-filters-collapse-1--766--170"> <div class="accordion-body"> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>According to the Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1475, “<em>where relevant, based on Member States’ evaluation needs and taking into account the CAP Strategic Plan’s intervention logic and implementation, Member States shall assess also specific interventions or topics of the CAP Strategic Plans, such as the environmental and climate architecture</em> <em>[…]</em>” (point d of Article 2). At the same time, “<em>Member States shall plan the evaluations of the specific objectives […] which are addressed in their CAP Strategic Plans, in accordance with the CAP Strategic Plan’s intervention logic, by objective or by comprehensive evaluations covering several objectives […]</em>” (point a of Article 2).</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>Based on the above, the assessment of interventions covering several objectives could be either part of a topic-specific evaluation or part of an evaluation covering several Specific Objectives (SO). Considering eco-schemes’ interventions, the decision could be based on the intervention logic of each relevant SO. If, for example, SO1 includes interventions that could be considered as not being part of the green architecture (such as risk management tools) then assessing eco-schemes as part of an evaluation grouping SO1, 4 and 5 might be less appropriate than including this in a topic-specific evaluation about green architecture. In any case, the analysis conducted for the assessment of eco-schemes, or other interventions that contribute to multiple objectives, as part of a topic-specific evaluation, can be reused in the framework of an evaluation of a group of objectives and vice versa.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>What might be important for interventions contributing to multiple objectives is to set up the monitoring system in a way that allows the tracing of the distinct causal paths. For example, an evaluation of an eco-scheme intervention, comprising of several commitments with differentiated contribution to the different specific objectives, establish links between each commitment and the corresponding objective(s) in the monitoring system, allowing the tracing of the contribution of each single operation to the various objectives. This could be even more relevant for investment interventions which include, for example, an environmental component along with a farm modernisation one. In this case, explicit links between categories of expenditure and corresponding objective(s), could allow not only the tracing of the contribution of each single operation to the various objectives, but also the tracing of when this contribution has been realised – based on when the payment to the corresponding categories of expenditure was executed. When establishing these links, the Managing Authority should always have in mind the relationships between types of interventions and result indicators, as well as result indicators and SOs described in the </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span><span><a href="https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-05/pmef-cover-note-indicators_en.pdf"><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>cover note on output and result indicators</span></span></span></a></span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><span><span>.</span></span></span></p> </div> </dd> </div> </dl> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="region region-bottom-content"> <section id="block-social-share" class="container my-5 my-md-6-5"> <script type="application/json">{"service":"sbkm","version":"2.0","stats":true,"color":true,"more":["e-mail","facebook","linkedin","twitter","whatsapp"]}</script> <script 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