Non-Muslim consumers’ intention to purchase halal food products in Malaysia

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <head>   <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/jima-06-2020-0172/full/html" /> <meta name="citation_xml_url" content="https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JIMA-06-2020-0172/full/xml"/>  <meta name="csrf-token" content="Jj3pRcr5TdP9mloUkHd5n9e4tdOrOHSs9VFrIABR"> <title> Non-Muslim consumers’ intention to purchase halal food products in Malaysia | Emerald Insight</title> <meta name="description" content="1"> <script type="application/ld+json">{ "@type": "ItemPage", "breadcrumb": { "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Journals", "item": "https://www.emerald.com/insight/sitemap/publications#journals" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "Journal of Islamic Marketing", "item": "https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/1759-0833" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "name": "Volume 13 Issue 3", "item": "https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/1759-0833/vol/13/iss/3" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 4, "name": "Non-Muslim consumers\u2019 intention to purchase halal food products in Malaysia" } ] }, "mainEntity": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "@id": "#article", "url": "https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/jima-06-2020-0172/full/html", "name": "Non-Muslim consumers\u2019 intention to purchase halal food products in Malaysia", "headline": "Non-Muslim consumers\u2019 intention to purchase halal food products in Malaysia", "datePublished": "2020-11-23T00:00:00Z", "description": "This study aims to identify the intention to purchase Halal food products amongst non-Muslim consumers in Malaysia, moderated by the acculturation effect. A structured close-ended questionnaire was used to gather data through the random distribution of 397 non-Muslim consumers from the Alumni network of several private higher education institutions in Malaysia. The collected data was analyzed through the structural equation modelling technique using partial least squares with SmartPLS 3.0. The result indicated that attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control were positively influenced by the purchase decision of Halal food products amongst non-Muslim consumers in Malaysia. Apart from that, the acculturation effect moderates the relationship between attitude and intention to purchase. This finding will contribute to academics, Halal food makers and government in understanding the Halal food purchase intention amongst non-Muslim consumers in Malaysia. The outcome of this study can be used as an input for Halal entrepreneurship in terms of marketing and operation strategy. On the government aspect, this study also provides an implication on national public policy and strategic economic planning in developing overall national Halal policy. The social harmonization amongst the multiple races in Malaysia is partially contributed through the acculturation effect. The acculturation effect has been reflected through the food choice decision amongst Malaysian, despite of different religious belief and home culture background. Research in studying Halal food purchase intention amongst non-Muslim consumers are scarce. This research is able to reinforce the theory of planned behavior model in dealing with Halal food choice decisions, taking into consideration of acculturation effect.", "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Yong Hion Lim" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Suddin Lada" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Rahat Ullah" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Azaze-Azizi Abdul Adis" } ], "pageStart": 586, "pageEnd": 607, "isPartOf": "/insight/publication/issn/1759-0833/vol/13/iss/3#issue", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Emerald Publishing Limited" }, "mainEntityOfPage": "https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/jima-06-2020-0172/full/html" }, "@context": "https://schema.org/" }</script>  <link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/"> <meta name="dc.Title" content="Non-Muslim consumers’ intention to purchase halal food products in Malaysia"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Journal of Islamic Marketing"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="13"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="3"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="586"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="607"> <meta name="dc.Subject" content="Attitude,Theory of planned behavior,Acculturation,Subjective norm,Halal food products,Perceived behavioral controlled,Malaysia"> <meta name="dc.Description" content="This study aims to identify the intention to purchase Halal food products amongst non-Muslim consumers in Malaysia, moderated by the acculturation effect.,A structured close-ended questionnaire was used to gather data through the random distribution of 397 non-Muslim consumers from the Alumni network of several private higher education institutions in Malaysia.,The collected data was analyzed through the structural equation modelling technique using partial least squares with SmartPLS 3.0. The result indicated that attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control were positively influenced by the purchase decision of Halal food products amongst non-Muslim consumers in Malaysia. Apart from that, the acculturation effect moderates the relationship between attitude and intention to purchase.,This finding will contribute to academics, Halal food makers and government in understanding the Halal food purchase intention amongst non-Muslim consumers in Malaysia.,The outcome of this study can be used as an input for Halal entrepreneurship in terms of marketing and operation strategy. On the government aspect, this study also provides an implication on national public policy and strategic economic planning in developing overall national Halal policy.,The social harmonization amongst the multiple races in Malaysia is partially contributed through the acculturation effect. The acculturation effect has been reflected through the food choice decision amongst Malaysian, despite of different religious belief and home culture background.,Research in studying Halal food purchase intention amongst non-Muslim consumers are scarce. This research is able to reinforce the theory of planned behavior model in dealing with Halal food choice decisions, taking into consideration of acculturation effect."> <meta name="dc.Date" scheme="WTN8601" content="2020-11-23T00:00:00Z"> <meta name="dc.Type" content="article"> <meta name="dc.Format" content="text/html"> <meta name="dc.Identifier" scheme="doi" content="10.1108/JIMA-06-2020-0172"> <meta name="dc.Identifier" scheme="issn" content="1759-0833"> <meta name="dc.Language" content="en"> <meta name="dc.Coverage" content="world"> <meta name="keywords" content="Attitude,Theory of planned behavior,Acculturation,Subjective norm,Halal food products,Perceived behavioral controlled,Malaysia"> <meta name="dc.Publisher" content="Emerald Publishing Limited"> <meta name="DCTERMS.bibliographicCitation" scheme="KEV.ctx" content="&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.spage=586&rft.epage=607&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3"> <meta name="dc.Contributor" content="Yong Hion Lim"> <meta name="dc.Contributor" content="Suddin Lada"> <meta name="dc.Contributor" content="Rahat Ullah"> <meta name="dc.Contributor" content="Azaze-Azizi Abdul Adis">  <link href="/insight/static/css/app.css?id=6dde0abdd0642ca3d7bd4cf4d2f5ae61" rel="stylesheet"> <style type="text/css" nonce="vw/M1EJtfJm4SIes+W5PaCZGFTwAGtQUq/fcbk8QS9ZWpPve9CW6MVbxhTZeopQWzWf9HgCW2H9DE5IQs2sQjQ=="> /* hide vue content until vue has initialised */ [v-cloak]{ display: none; } /* reduce CLS on page load */ .search-input-container { height: calc(1.5em + .75rem + 4px); } a.navbar-brand > div.extra-small { height: 1rem; } #breadcrumbs-container { min-height: 2.06667rem; } #search-books-and-journals-container { min-height: calc(1.75rem + 11px); margin-bottom: 1rem; } .header_logo_image { height: calc(14rem / (264/36)); } .toc-alert-button { min-width: calc(13.03472rem + 2.5rem + 14px + 2.405px); min-height: calc(1.75556rem + 2px); } </style> <script type="text/javascript" nonce="vw/M1EJtfJm4SIes+W5PaCZGFTwAGtQUq/fcbk8QS9ZWpPve9CW6MVbxhTZeopQWzWf9HgCW2H9DE5IQs2sQjQ=="> const isReady = (fn) => (document.readyState === "complete" || document.readyState === "interactive") ? setTimeout(fn, 1) : document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", fn) const supportsWebpImages = function () { const elem = document.createElement('canvas'); if (!!(elem.getContext && elem.getContext('2d'))) { // was able or not to get WebP representation return elem.toDataURL('image/webp').indexOf('data:image/webp') === 0; } // very old browser like IE 8, canvas not supported return false; } document.documentElement.classList.add(supportsWebpImages() ? 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title="Non-Muslim consumers’ intention to purchase halal food products in Malaysia" parent-title="Journal of Islamic Marketing" :mixpanel-data='{"URI":"\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/jima-06-2020-0172\/full\/html","Format":"HTML","Content ID \/ DOI":"10.1108\/JIMA-06-2020-0172","Content Title":"Non-Muslim consumers\u2019 intention to purchase halal food products in Malaysia","Parent Title":"Journal of Islamic Marketing","Year Of Publication":"2020","Publication Date":"23 November 2020","Access Method":"User","Access Type":"controlled","Parent Type":"journal","Print ISSN":"1759-0833","Online ISSN":"1759-0833","Parent ID \/ DOI":"10.1108\/JIMA","pISBN":"","eISBN":"","ISBN":"","Content Type":"article"}' image="https://www.emerald.com/insight/proxy/containerimg?link=/resource/publication/journal/9368587137d35557ab6ba672aaceff77/urn:emeraldgroup.com:asset:id:binary:jima.cover.jpg" content-type="article" parent-type="journal" isbn="" issn="1759-0833" publication-date="23 November 2020" account="" 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DOI":"10.1108\/JIMA","pISBN":"","eISBN":"","ISBN":"","Content Type":"article"}' image="https://www.emerald.com/insight/proxy/containerimg?link=/resource/publication/journal/9368587137d35557ab6ba672aaceff77/urn:emeraldgroup.com:asset:id:binary:jima.cover.jpg" content-type="article" parent-type="journal" isbn="" issn="1759-0833" publication-date="23 November 2020" account="" additionalaccount="" opencart_base_url="https://shop.emerald.com/" root="/insight/" country_code="SG" origin_view="dropdown" ></add-to-cart> <div class="row align-middle turnaway__dropdownborderbottom bg-other"> <div class="col-12 mt-2 mb-3"> <span class="d-inline-block font-weight-bold">Other access</span> </div> </div> <div class="row align-middle turnaway__dropdownborderbottom"> <div class="col-12 mt-2 mb-3"> <span class="d-inline-block">You may be able to access teaching notes by logging in via your Emerald profile.</span> </div> <div class="col-12 p-3 mb-3"> <a href="/insight/login?hide=federated" 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<span role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="rounded-circle my-auto bg-insight fal fa-caret-right text-white d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center turnaway__button-icon"></span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container content_block"> <div class="row"> <div class="offset-md-2 col-md-10"> <header class="py-3"> <h1 class="content-title intent_article_title mt-0 mb-3">Non-Muslim consumers’ intention to purchase halal food products in Malaysia</h1> <section id="intent_contributors" class="mt-4 intent_contributors"> <contributor-block block="<span class="m:contributor-display"><div class="contrib_block__contrib intent_contributor" contrib-type="author"> <a rel="nofollow" class="contrib-search" href="/insight/search?q=Yong Hion Lim" aria-label="Search for more content by contributor Yong Hion Lim" name-style="western"> <span class="given-names">Yong Hion</span> <span class="surname">Lim</span> </a><span class="contrib_block__aff--italic intent_contributor_affiliate"> (Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy, <span class="institution-wrap"><span class="institution">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</span></span>, Kota Kinabalu, <span class="country" country="MY">Malaysia</span>) </span> </div><div class="contrib_block__contrib intent_contributor" contrib-type="author"> <a rel="nofollow" class="contrib-search" href="/insight/search?q=Suddin Lada" aria-label="Search for more content by contributor Suddin Lada" name-style="western"> <span class="given-names">Suddin</span> <span class="surname">Lada</span> </a><span class="contrib_block__aff--italic intent_contributor_affiliate"> (Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy, <span class="institution-wrap"><span class="institution">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</span></span>, Kota Kinabalu, <span class="country" country="MY">Malaysia</span>) </span> </div><div class="contrib_block__contrib intent_contributor" contrib-type="author"> <a rel="nofollow" class="contrib-search" href="/insight/search?q=Rahat Ullah" aria-label="Search for more content by contributor Rahat Ullah" name-style="western"> <span class="given-names">Rahat</span> <span class="surname">Ullah</span> </a><span class="contrib_block__aff--italic intent_contributor_affiliate"> (College of Business, <span class="institution-wrap"><span class="institution">Al Ghurair University</span></span>, Dubai, <span class="country" country="AE">United Arab Emirates</span>) </span> </div><div class="contrib_block__contrib intent_contributor" contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"> <a rel="nofollow" class="contrib-search" href="/insight/search?q=Azaze-Azizi Abdul Adis" aria-label="Search for more content by contributor Azaze-Azizi Abdul Adis" name-style="western"> <span class="given-names">Azaze-Azizi</span> <span class="surname">Abdul Adis</span> </a><span class="contrib_block__aff--italic intent_contributor_affiliate"> (Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy, <span class="institution-wrap"><span class="institution">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</span></span>, Kota Kinabalu, <span class="country" country="MY">Malaysia</span>) </span> </div></span>" contrib-count="4" affil-count="3"> <span class="m:contributor-display"><div class="contrib_block__contrib intent_contributor" contrib-type="author"> <a rel="nofollow" class="contrib-search" href="/insight/search?q=Yong Hion Lim" aria-label="Search for more content by contributor Yong Hion Lim" name-style="western"> <span class="given-names">Yong Hion</span> <span class="surname">Lim</span> </a><span class="contrib_block__aff--italic intent_contributor_affiliate"> (Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy, <span class="institution-wrap"><span class="institution">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</span></span>, Kota Kinabalu, <span class="country" country="MY">Malaysia</span>) </span> </div><div class="contrib_block__contrib intent_contributor" contrib-type="author"> <a rel="nofollow" class="contrib-search" href="/insight/search?q=Suddin Lada" aria-label="Search for more content by contributor Suddin Lada" name-style="western"> <span class="given-names">Suddin</span> <span class="surname">Lada</span> </a><span class="contrib_block__aff--italic intent_contributor_affiliate"> (Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy, <span class="institution-wrap"><span class="institution">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</span></span>, Kota Kinabalu, <span class="country" country="MY">Malaysia</span>) </span> </div><div class="contrib_block__contrib intent_contributor" contrib-type="author"> <a rel="nofollow" class="contrib-search" href="/insight/search?q=Rahat Ullah" aria-label="Search for more content by contributor Rahat Ullah" name-style="western"> <span class="given-names">Rahat</span> <span class="surname">Ullah</span> </a><span class="contrib_block__aff--italic intent_contributor_affiliate"> (College of Business, <span class="institution-wrap"><span class="institution">Al Ghurair University</span></span>, Dubai, <span class="country" country="AE">United Arab Emirates</span>) </span> </div><div class="contrib_block__contrib intent_contributor" contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"> <a rel="nofollow" class="contrib-search" href="/insight/search?q=Azaze-Azizi Abdul Adis" aria-label="Search for more content by contributor Azaze-Azizi Abdul Adis" name-style="western"> <span class="given-names">Azaze-Azizi</span> <span class="surname">Abdul Adis</span> </a><span class="contrib_block__aff--italic intent_contributor_affiliate"> (Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy, <span class="institution-wrap"><span class="institution">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</span></span>, Kota Kinabalu, <span class="country" country="MY">Malaysia</span>) </span> </div></span> </contributor-block> </section> <div class="mb-2 row"> <div class="col-12 col-md-6"> <p> <span class="intent_journal_title"><a href="/insight/publication/issn/1759-0833">Journal of Islamic Marketing</a></span> </p> <p class="mt-0"> <span> <abbr title="International Standard Serial Number." class="font-weight-normal">ISSN</abbr>: <span class="intent_journal_issn">1759-0833</span> </span> </p> <p class="mt-0"> <span class="intent_journal_publication_date">Article publication date: 23 November 2020</span> <span class="ml-2" id="rights-link"> <rights-link-button root="https://marketplace.copyright.com/rs-ui-web/mp/search/all/" doi="10.1108/JIMA-06-2020-0172"> </rights-link-button> </span> </p> <p class="mt-0"> <span class="intent_journal_print_date">Issue publication date: 2 February 2022</span> </p> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 d-flex mt-3 mt-md-0"> <div class="d-flex flex-column align-items-center pr-3"> <label class="mini-caps" id="downloadCountLabel-1">Downloads</label> <div class="text-primary pt-2 d-flex align-items-center intent_download_counts_badge" aria-labelledby="downloadCountLabel-1" title="This item has been downloaded 2311 times since 2020." data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" tabindex="0"> <span class="fal fa-file-download fa-2x px-1"></span> <span class="intent_download_count small flex-grow-1 text-center"> 2311 </span> </div> </div> <div class="altmetric-mount"> <altmetric-badge root="/insight/" content-doi="10.1108/JIMA-06-2020-0172" publication-doi="10.1108/JIMA"> </altmetric-badge> </div> </div> </div> </header> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container content_block" > <div class="row"> <div class="offset-md-2 col-md-7"> <section id="abstract" class="intent_abstract mb-5 Abstract" tabindex="0"> <h2 class="intent_title Abstract__title mb-1">Abstract</h2> <div class="intent_sub_item Abstract__block"> <h3 class="intent_sub_title Abstract__block__title mb-1 mt-3">Purpose</h3> <section class="intent_sub_content Abstract__block__text"> <p>This study aims to identify the intention to purchase Halal food products amongst non-Muslim consumers in Malaysia, moderated by the acculturation effect.</p> </section> </div> <div class="intent_sub_item Abstract__block"> <h3 class="intent_sub_title Abstract__block__title mb-1 mt-3">Design/methodology/approach</h3> <section class="intent_sub_content Abstract__block__text"> <p>A structured close-ended questionnaire was used to gather data through the random distribution of 397 non-Muslim consumers from the Alumni network of several private higher education institutions in Malaysia.</p> </section> </div> <div class="intent_sub_item Abstract__block"> <h3 class="intent_sub_title Abstract__block__title mb-1 mt-3">Findings</h3> <section class="intent_sub_content Abstract__block__text"> <p>The collected data was analyzed through the structural equation modelling technique using partial least squares with SmartPLS 3.0. The result indicated that attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control were positively influenced by the purchase decision of Halal food products amongst non-Muslim consumers in Malaysia. Apart from that, the acculturation effect moderates the relationship between attitude and intention to purchase.</p> </section> </div> <div class="intent_sub_item Abstract__block"> <h3 class="intent_sub_title Abstract__block__title mb-1 mt-3">Research limitations/implications</h3> <section class="intent_sub_content Abstract__block__text"> <p>This finding will contribute to academics, Halal food makers and government in understanding the Halal food purchase intention amongst non-Muslim consumers in Malaysia.</p> </section> </div> <div class="intent_sub_item Abstract__block"> <h3 class="intent_sub_title Abstract__block__title mb-1 mt-3">Practical implications</h3> <section class="intent_sub_content Abstract__block__text"> <p>The outcome of this study can be used as an input for Halal entrepreneurship in terms of marketing and operation strategy. On the government aspect, this study also provides an implication on national public policy and strategic economic planning in developing overall national Halal policy.</p> </section> </div> <div class="intent_sub_item Abstract__block"> <h3 class="intent_sub_title Abstract__block__title mb-1 mt-3">Social implications</h3> <section class="intent_sub_content Abstract__block__text"> <p>The social harmonization amongst the multiple races in Malaysia is partially contributed through the acculturation effect. The acculturation effect has been reflected through the food choice decision amongst Malaysian, despite of different religious belief and home culture background.</p> </section> </div> <div class="intent_sub_item Abstract__block"> <h3 class="intent_sub_title Abstract__block__title mb-1 mt-3">Originality/value</h3> <section class="intent_sub_content Abstract__block__text"> <p>Research in studying Halal food purchase intention amongst non-Muslim consumers are scarce. This research is able to reinforce the theory of planned behavior model in dealing with Halal food choice decisions, taking into consideration of acculturation effect.</p> </section> </div> </section> <section id="keywords_list" class="intent_keywords"> <h2 class="intent_title" id="page__keywords-label">Keywords</h2> <ul class="intent_paragraph list-inline" aria-labelledby="page__keywords-label"> <li class="list-inline-item mr-0"> <a rel="nofollow" href="/insight/search?q=Attitude"class="intent_link btn btn-outline-secondary btn-sm my-1"title="Search for keyword Attitude"><span class="intent_text">Attitude</span></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item mr-0"> <a rel="nofollow" href="/insight/search?q=Theory+of+planned+behavior"class="intent_link btn btn-outline-secondary btn-sm my-1"title="Search for keyword Theory of planned behavior"><span class="intent_text">Theory of planned behavior</span></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item mr-0"> <a rel="nofollow" href="/insight/search?q=Acculturation"class="intent_link btn btn-outline-secondary btn-sm my-1"title="Search for keyword Acculturation"><span class="intent_text">Acculturation</span></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item mr-0"> <a rel="nofollow" href="/insight/search?q=Subjective+norm"class="intent_link btn btn-outline-secondary btn-sm my-1"title="Search for keyword Subjective norm"><span class="intent_text">Subjective norm</span></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item mr-0"> <a rel="nofollow" href="/insight/search?q=Halal+food+products"class="intent_link btn btn-outline-secondary btn-sm my-1"title="Search for keyword Halal food products"><span class="intent_text">Halal food products</span></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item mr-0"> <a rel="nofollow" href="/insight/search?q=Perceived+behavioral+controlled"class="intent_link btn btn-outline-secondary btn-sm my-1"title="Search for keyword Perceived behavioral controlled"><span class="intent_text">Perceived behavioral controlled</span></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item mr-0"> <a rel="nofollow" href="/insight/search?q=Malaysia"class="intent_link btn btn-outline-secondary btn-sm my-1"title="Search for keyword Malaysia"><span class="intent_text">Malaysia</span></a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="Citation mb-2"> <h2 class="h4 intent_citation Citation__title">Citation</h2> <p> <a rel="nofollow" href="/insight/search?q=Yong Hion Lim" title="Yong Hion Lim" class="font-weight-light link-dark">Lim, Y.H.</a>, <a rel="nofollow" href="/insight/search?q=Suddin Lada" title="Suddin Lada" class="font-weight-light link-dark">Lada, S.</a>, <a rel="nofollow" href="/insight/search?q=Rahat Ullah" title="Rahat Ullah" class="font-weight-light link-dark">Ullah, R.</a> and <a rel="nofollow" href="/insight/search?q=Azaze-Azizi Abdul Adis" title="Azaze-Azizi Abdul Adis" class="font-weight-light link-dark">Abdul Adis, A.-A.</a> (2022), "Non-Muslim consumers’ intention to purchase halal food products in Malaysia", <i><a href="/insight/publication/issn/1759-0833">Journal of Islamic Marketing</a></i>, Vol. 13 No. 3, pp. 586-607. <a class='intent_doi_link Citation__identifier__link' href='https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-06-2020-0172' title='DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-06-2020-0172'>https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-06-2020-0172</a> </p> <div id="citation-download"> <citation-download doi="10.1108/JIMA-06-2020-0172" root="/insight/"/> </div> </section> <section class="mt-1 Body" v-pre> <h2 class="d-inline h4" id="page__publisher-label">Publisher</h2>: <p class="publisher d-inline" aria-labelledby="page__publisher-label">Emerald Publishing Limited</p> </section> <p class="Citation__identifier"> Copyright <span class="intent_copyright_text">© 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited</span> </p> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-3"> <h2 class="trendmd-replacement-heading mt-4">Related articles</h2> <div id="trendmd-suggestions"></div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <flash message=""></flash> <div 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Non-Muslim consumers’ intention to purchase halal food products in Malaysia | Emerald Insight