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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Political career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Political career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_political_career_(1935–1949)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_political_career_(1935–1949)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early political career (1935–1949)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_political_career_(1935–1949)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(1949–1984)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(1949–1984)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Leader of the Labour Party (1949–1984)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(1949–1984)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labour_backbencher_(1984–1998)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labour_backbencher_(1984–1998)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Labour backbencher (1984–1998)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labour_backbencher_(1984–1998)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Foreign policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-retirement_(1998–2012)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-retirement_(1998–2012)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Post-retirement (1998–2012)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-retirement_(1998–2012)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Awards and honours</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Awards_and_honours-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Awards and honours subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-National_honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>National honours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Foreign honours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Biography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81" title="دوم منتوف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دوم منتوف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Дамінік Мінтоф – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дамінік Мінтоф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC_%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%86" title="Ντομ Μιντόφ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ντομ Μιντόφ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81" title="دام مینتوف – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دام مینتوف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF_%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%86" title="Դոմինիկ Մինտոֆ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դոմինիկ Մինտոֆ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A3" title="דום מינטוף – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דום מינטוף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB" title="दॉम मिंटॉफ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="दॉम मिंटॉफ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81" title="دوم منتوف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دوم منتوف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%84,_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Минтофф, Доминик – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Минтофф, Доминик" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Mintoff" title="Dom Mintoff – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dom Mintoff" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%84" title="Домінік Мінтофф – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Домінік Мінтофф" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E6%98%8E%E6%89%98%E5%A4%AB" title="多姆·明托夫 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="多姆·明托夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q167307#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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For the Maltese footballer, see <a href="/wiki/John_Mintoff" title="John Mintoff">John Mintoff</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Honourable" title="The Honourable">The Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Dom Mintoff</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/National_Order_of_Merit_(Malta)" title="National Order of Merit (Malta)">KUOM</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Dom_Mintoff_(1974).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Dom_Mintoff_%281974%29.jpg/220px-Dom_Mintoff_%281974%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Dom_Mintoff_%281974%29.jpg/330px-Dom_Mintoff_%281974%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Dom_Mintoff_%281974%29.jpg/440px-Dom_Mintoff_%281974%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="503" data-file-height="671" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Mintoff in 1974</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Prime Ministers of Malta">8th</a> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malta" title="Prime Minister of Malta">Prime Minister of Malta</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />21 June 1971 – 22 December 1984</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mamo" title="Anthony Mamo">Anthony Mamo</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Anton_Buttigieg" title="Anton Buttigieg">Anton Buttigieg</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Albert_Hyzler" title="Albert Hyzler">Albert Hyzler</a> <small>(Acting)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Agatha_Barbara" title="Agatha Barbara">Agatha Barbara</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governors‑General</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Henry_Dorman" title="Maurice Henry Dorman">Maurice Henry Dorman</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mamo" title="Anthony Mamo">Anthony Mamo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Borg_Olivier" class="mw-redirect" title="Giorgio Borg Olivier">Giorgio Borg Olivier</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Karmenu_Mifsud_Bonnici" title="Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici">Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />11 March 1955 – 26 April 1958</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Laycock" title="Robert Laycock">Robert Laycock</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Borg_Olivier" class="mw-redirect" title="Giorgio Borg Olivier">Giorgio Borg Olivier</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_Borg_Olivier" title="George Borg Olivier">George Borg Olivier</a> <small>(1962)</small></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">4th <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Malta)" title="Labour Party (Malta)">Leader of the Malta Labour Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />16 October 1949 – 22 December 1984</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Boffa" title="Paul Boffa">Paul Boffa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Karmenu_Mifsud_Bonnici" title="Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici">Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">6 August 1916<br /><a href="/wiki/Cospicua" title="Cospicua">Cospicua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Malta" title="Crown Colony of Malta">Malta</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">20 August 2012<span style="display:none">(2012-08-20)</span> (aged 96)<br /><a href="/wiki/Tarxien" title="Tarxien">Tarxien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Addolorata_Cemetery,_Paola" title="Addolorata Cemetery, Paola">Addolorata Cemetery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Malta_Labour_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Malta Labour Party">Labour Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Moyra de Vere Bentinck</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1947; died 1997)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Anne</li><li><a href="/wiki/Yana_Mintoff" title="Yana Mintoff">Yana</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Residence(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bormla" class="mw-redirect" title="Bormla">Bormla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarxien" title="Tarxien">Tarxien</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/De_La_Salle_College_(Malta)" title="De La Salle College (Malta)">De La Salle College (Malta)</a><br />Archbishop's Seminary</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Malta" title="University of Malta">University of Malta</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">B.Sc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Architecture" title="Bachelor of Architecture">B.E. & A.</a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Hertford_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Hertford College">Hertford College</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts">M.A. (Oxon)</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">Politician, architect, civil engineer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship" title="Rhodes Scholarship">Rhodes Scholarship</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg/30px-MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg/45px-MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg/60px-MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/National_Order_of_Merit_(Malta)" title="National Order of Merit (Malta)">Companion of Honour of the National Order of Merit</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MLT_Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/MLT_Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png/30px-MLT_Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/MLT_Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png/45px-MLT_Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/MLT_Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png/60px-MLT_Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal" title="Malta Self-Government Re-introduction Seventy-Fifth Anniversary Medal">Malta Self-Government Re-introduction Seventy-Fifth Anniversary Medal</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MLT_Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/MLT_Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png/30px-MLT_Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/MLT_Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png/45px-MLT_Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/MLT_Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png/60px-MLT_Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal" title="Malta Independence Fiftieth Anniversary Medal">Malta Independence Fiftieth Anniversary Medal</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_Republic_(Libya)_-_ribbon_bar.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Order_of_the_Republic_%28Libya%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif/30px-Order_of_the_Republic_%28Libya%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif" decoding="async" width="30" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Order_of_the_Republic_%28Libya%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif/45px-Order_of_the_Republic_%28Libya%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Order_of_the_Republic_%28Libya%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif/60px-Order_of_the_Republic_%28Libya%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Order of the Republic of Libya<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_Republic_(Tunisia)_-_ribbon_bar.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Order_of_the_Republic_%28Tunisia%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif/30px-Order_of_the_Republic_%28Tunisia%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif" decoding="async" width="30" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Order_of_the_Republic_%28Tunisia%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif/45px-Order_of_the_Republic_%28Tunisia%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Order_of_the_Republic_%28Tunisia%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif/60px-Order_of_the_Republic_%28Tunisia%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Republic_(Tunisia)" title="Order of the Republic (Tunisia)">Grand Cordon of the Order of the Republic of Tunisia</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_(Maroc).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_%28Maroc%29.svg/30px-Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_%28Maroc%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_%28Maroc%29.svg/45px-Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_%28Maroc%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_%28Maroc%29.svg/60px-Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_%28Maroc%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Ouissam_Alaouite" title="Order of Ouissam Alaouite">Grand Cordon of the Order of Ouissam Alaouite</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Al-Gaddafi_International_Prize_for_Human_Rights" title="Al-Gaddafi International Prize for Human Rights">Al-Gaddafi International Prize for Human Rights</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://duminkumintoff.com">http://duminkumintoff.com</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Dominic Mintoff</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/National_Order_of_Merit_(Malta)" title="National Order of Merit (Malta)">KUOM</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Maltese_language" title="Maltese language">Maltese</a>: <i lang="mt">Duminku Mintoff</i>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="mt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Maltese" title="Help:IPA/Maltese">[dʊmˈɪnku<span class="wrap"> </span>mˈɪntɒff]</a></span>; often called <i>il-Perit</i>, "the Architect"; 6 August 1916 – 20 August 2012)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a Maltese socialist politician, architect, and civil engineer who was leader of the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Malta)" title="Labour Party (Malta)">Labour Party</a> from 1949 to 1984, and was 8th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malta" title="Prime Minister of Malta">Prime Minister of Malta</a> from 1955 to 1958, when <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> was still a British colony, and again, following independence, from 1971 to 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His tenure as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister">Prime Minister</a> saw the creation of a comprehensive <a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">welfare state</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nationalisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationalisation">nationalisation</a> of large corporations, a substantial increase in the general <a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living" title="Standard of living">standard of living</a> and the establishment of the Maltese republic,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TOM_obit_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TOM_obit-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but was later on marred by a stagnant economy, a rise in authoritarianism and outbreaks of <a href="/wiki/Political_violence" title="Political violence">political violence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cath_Herald_obit_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cath_Herald_obit-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Malta_Indep_Court_finds_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malta_Indep_Court_finds-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mintoff was born on 6 August 1916, the third-born and eldest male sibling of nine, born to Lawrence (or Laurence) "Wenzu" Mintoff (who hailed from an old Gozitan family) and his wife, Concetta Farrugia (known in Maltese as Ċetta tax-Xiħ).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was baptised the next day in his hometown <a href="/wiki/Bormla" class="mw-redirect" title="Bormla">Bormla</a> in the Sanctuary of the Immaculate Conception.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father was a local cook employed by the British Royal Navy and his mother was reputed to have been a pawn broker or money lender.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_obit_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_obit-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He attended a <a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">seminary</a> but did not join the priesthood. One of his brothers did become a priest, however, and one of his sisters became a nun. Dom enrolled at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Malta" title="University of Malta">University of Malta</a>. He graduated with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">Bachelor of Science</a> and, later, as an <a href="/wiki/Architect" title="Architect">architect</a> and <a href="/wiki/Civil_engineer" title="Civil engineer">civil engineer</a> (1937). That same year he was awarded a <a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship" title="Rhodes Scholarship">Rhodes Scholarship</a> and pursued his studies at <a href="/wiki/Hertford_College,_Oxford" title="Hertford College, Oxford">Hertford College, Oxford</a>, where he earned a Masters in Science and Engineering in 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_obit_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_obit-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_political_career_(1935–1949)"><span id="Early_political_career_.281935.E2.80.931949.29"></span>Early political career (1935–1949)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early political career (1935–1949)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After a brief stint as an official of the Bormla Labour Party club, Mintoff was Labour's Secretary General between 1935 and 1945 (resigning briefly to pursue his studies abroad). He was first elected to public office in 1945 to the Government Council. In the same year, Mintoff was elected Deputy Leader of the Party with a wide margin that placed him in an indisputable position as the successor, if not a challenger, to party leader <a href="/wiki/Paul_Boffa" title="Paul Boffa">Paul Boffa</a>. After Labour's victory at the polls in 1947, he was appointed Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Public Works and Reconstruction, overseeing large post-War public projects.<sup id="cite_ref-Cath_Herald_obit_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cath_Herald_obit-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(1949–1984)"><span id="Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_.281949.E2.80.931984.29"></span>Leader of the Labour Party (1949–1984)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Leader of the Labour Party (1949–1984)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Proclamation-de-la-R%C3%A9publiq.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Proclamation-de-la-R%C3%A9publiq.jpg/220px-Proclamation-de-la-R%C3%A9publiq.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Proclamation-de-la-R%C3%A9publiq.jpg/330px-Proclamation-de-la-R%C3%A9publiq.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Proclamation-de-la-R%C3%A9publiq.jpg/440px-Proclamation-de-la-R%C3%A9publiq.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Proclamation of the Maltese republic, 1974; President <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mamo" title="Anthony Mamo">Anthony Mamo</a> and Prime Minister Dom Mintoff</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>First two mandates</dt></dl> <p>Mintoff's strong position and ambition led to a series of Cabinet crises. A split in the Labour Party came about when Boffa, who was ready for compromise and moderation with the colonial authorities, resigned and formed the Malta Workers Party and Mintoff refounded the Labour Party as the "Malta Labour Party" of which he assumed leadership. The split resulted in the weakening of both parties and it was not until 1955 after remaining out of government for three consecutive legislatures, that the Labour Party was elected to office with Mintoff as Prime Minister. This government's main political platform – <a href="/wiki/History_of_Malta#From_home_rule_to_independence" title="History of Malta">integration with the UK</a> – led to a deterioration of the Party's relations with the Catholic Church, leading to interdiction by the Church which resulted in voting Labour being declared a mortal sin leading all who defied the Church to be informally known as "Suldati tal-Azzar" ("Soldiers of Steel"). The Labour Party lost the subsequent two elections in 1962 and 1966, and boycotted the Independence celebrations in 1964 due to disagreements with the Independence agreements which still gave a good amount of power to the British Government.<sup id="cite_ref-TOM_obit_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TOM_obit-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the lift of the interdiction in 1964, and the improvement of relationship with the Catholic Church in 1969, Dom Mintoff was elected as Prime Minister when Labour won the <a href="/wiki/1971_Maltese_general_election" title="1971 Maltese general election">1971 general election</a> and immediately set out to re-negotiate the post-Independence <a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">military</a> and financial agreements with the United Kingdom. The government also undertook socialist-style <a href="/wiki/Nationalisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationalisation">nationalisation</a> programmes, <a href="/wiki/Import_substitution_industrialization" title="Import substitution industrialization">import substitution schemes</a>, and the expansion of the <a href="/wiki/Public_sector" title="Public sector">public sector</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Worker_cooperative" title="Worker cooperative">collective sector</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">welfare state</a>. Employment laws were revised with gender equality being introduced in salary pay. In the case of civil law, civil (non-religious) marriage was introduced and sodomy, homosexuality and adultery were legalised. Through a package of constitutional reforms agreed to with the opposition party, Malta declared itself a <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a> in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1979, the last British troops left Malta.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Social and political troubles in the 1980s</dt></dl> <p>The Labour Party was confirmed in office in the <a href="/wiki/1976_Maltese_general_election" title="1976 Maltese general election">1976 elections</a>. In 1981, amid allegations of <a href="/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering">gerrymandering</a>, the Party managed to hold on to a parliamentary majority, even though the opposition Nationalist Party managed an absolute majority of votes.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_obit_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian_obit-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A serious political crisis ensued when Nationalist <a href="/wiki/Members_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of Parliament">MPs</a> refused to accept the electoral result and also refused to take their seats in parliament for the first years of the legislature. Mintoff called this action "perverse" but it was not an uncommon one in any parliamentary democracy with disputed election results. He proposed to his parliamentary group that fresh elections be held,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> but most members of his Parliamentary group rejected his proposal as it was likely that the prior result would be repeated.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Mintoff stayed on as prime minister until 1984, during which time he suspended the work of the Constitutional Court during discussions with the Opposition to amend the Constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He resigned as Prime Minister and Party leader aged 68 in 1984 (although he retained his parliamentary seat), opening the way for his deputy prime minister, <a href="/wiki/Karmenu_Mifsud_Bonnici" title="Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici">Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici</a>, to succeed him.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_obit_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian_obit-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the 1981 elections, the opposition <a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Party_(Malta)" title="Nationalist Party (Malta)">Nationalist Party</a>, reinvigorated with a new leader and backed by various <a href="/wiki/Conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative">Conservative</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Democratic">Christian Democratic</a> parties in Western Europe,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> looked set for a serious challenge to Mintoff. In fact, in that election, the Partit Nazzjonalista managed an absolute majority of votes, but managed only 31 seats to the Malta Labour Party's 34. Mintoff said that he would not be ready to govern in such conditions and hinted that he would call for fresh elections within six months. However, pressure from party members forced Mintoff to do otherwise: Mintoff eventually accepted the President's invitation to form a government. This led to a political crisis whose effects continued through much of the 1980s characterised by mass civil disobedience and protests led by Opposition Leader <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Fenech_Adami" title="Eddie Fenech Adami">Eddie Fenech Adami</a> as well as increasing political violence, such as <a href="/wiki/Black_Monday_(Malta)" title="Black Monday (Malta)">Black Monday</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Labour_backbencher_(1984–1998)"><span id="Labour_backbencher_.281984.E2.80.931998.29"></span>Labour backbencher (1984–1998)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Labour backbencher (1984–1998)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mintoff resigned as Prime Minister and Leader of the Labour Party in 1984, while retaining his Parliamentary seat and remaining a government backbencher. He was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Karmenu_Mifsud_Bonnici" title="Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici">Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici</a>. Mintoff was instrumental in convincing his parliamentary colleagues to support constitutional amendments ensuring a parliamentary majority for the party achieving an absolute majority of votes. A repeat of 1981 was thus avoided, and the Partit Nazzjonalista went on to win the 1987 elections. The Labour Party went into opposition for the first time in sixteen years. He successfully contested the 1992 and 1996 elections. However, there was a growing rift between Mintoff, seen as Old Labour, and <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Sant" title="Alfred Sant">Alfred Sant</a>, the new Labour Leader. Things came to a head in 1998 when the Labour government was negotiating the lease of sealine to be developed in a yacht marina in <a href="/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu">Birgu</a>. Mintoff eventually voted against the government's motion which was defeated. The Prime Minister saw this as a loss of confidence and The President, acting on Prime Minister Sant's advice dissolved Parliament and elections were held. This was the first time, since the war, that Mintoff's name was not on the ballot paper and the Malta Labour Party lost heavily.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Foreign policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Premier_Mintoff_van_Malta_in_ons_land,_premier_Den_Uyl_en_premier_Mintoff_in_Was,_Bestanddeelnr_927-1519.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Premier_Mintoff_van_Malta_in_ons_land%2C_premier_Den_Uyl_en_premier_Mintoff_in_Was%2C_Bestanddeelnr_927-1519.jpg/220px-Premier_Mintoff_van_Malta_in_ons_land%2C_premier_Den_Uyl_en_premier_Mintoff_in_Was%2C_Bestanddeelnr_927-1519.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Premier_Mintoff_van_Malta_in_ons_land%2C_premier_Den_Uyl_en_premier_Mintoff_in_Was%2C_Bestanddeelnr_927-1519.jpg/330px-Premier_Mintoff_van_Malta_in_ons_land%2C_premier_Den_Uyl_en_premier_Mintoff_in_Was%2C_Bestanddeelnr_927-1519.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Premier_Mintoff_van_Malta_in_ons_land%2C_premier_Den_Uyl_en_premier_Mintoff_in_Was%2C_Bestanddeelnr_927-1519.jpg/440px-Premier_Mintoff_van_Malta_in_ons_land%2C_premier_Den_Uyl_en_premier_Mintoff_in_Was%2C_Bestanddeelnr_927-1519.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2524" data-file-height="2573" /></a><figcaption>Mintoff with Dutch premier <a href="/wiki/Joop_den_Uyl" title="Joop den Uyl">Joop den Uyl</a> in <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">the Hague</a> in 1974</figcaption></figure> <p>After Mintoff's initial attempts at integration with Great Britain proved unsuccessful he resigned in 1958 and became a strident advocate of decolonisation and independence.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_obit_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_obit-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Returning to office in 1971, he immediately set about renegotiating Malta's defence agreement with Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_obit_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_obit-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The difficult negotiations with Britain, which later resulted in the departure of British forces in 1979 and the attendant losses in rent, were coupled with a policy of Cold War brinkmanship which saw Mintoff seek to play rivals off each other and look increasingly east and south, courting <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu" title="Nicolae Ceaușescu">Nicolae Ceaușescu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_obit_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_obit-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Recently declassified CIA reports show the United States' fears that a Mintoff-led government in Malta could see the country fall under the Soviet sphere of influence.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mintoff opposed Malta's EU and Eurozone membership on the concern for Malta's status as a constitutionally neutral country.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-retirement_(1998–2012)"><span id="Post-retirement_.281998.E2.80.932012.29"></span>Post-retirement (1998–2012)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-retirement (1998–2012)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After his retirement from parliamentary politics, Mintoff's involvement in public life was only occasional. He made some appearances in the <a href="/wiki/2003_Maltese_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2003 Maltese European Union membership referendum">referendum campaign</a> on Malta's membership to the EU and, with <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Sant" title="Alfred Sant">Alfred Sant</a> being replaced in 2008, some rapprochement with Labour was made.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 22 November 1947, Mintoff married Moyra de Vere Bentinck (11 July 1918 – 16 December 1997), daughter of Lt. Col. Reginald Bentinck, of Dutch and British noble lineage related via the Cavendish-Bentinck line to <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The couple wed at the parish church of Bir id-Deheb (<i>Our Lady of Mercy</i>), a tiny 19th century chapel on the outskirts of <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBejtun" title="Żejtun">Żejtun</a>. The chapel's rector was Canon Ġwann Vella, a friend of Mintoff.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They met during his studies in <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>. The couple had two daughters, Anne and <a href="/wiki/Yana_Mintoff" title="Yana Mintoff">Yana</a>. Yana, a member of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(UK)" title="Socialist Workers Party (UK)">Socialist Workers Party</a>, acquired brief notoriety in 1978 when she bombed the chamber of the UK House of Commons with manure in a protest against the British military presence in Northern Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_obit_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian_obit-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mintoff was taken to hospital on 18 July 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was later discharged on 4 August and spent his 96th birthday at home<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he died on 20 August.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was given a state funeral by the Government of Malta on 25 August.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monument_to_Dom_Mintoff,_Valletta_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Monument_to_Dom_Mintoff%2C_Valletta_001.jpg/220px-Monument_to_Dom_Mintoff%2C_Valletta_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Monument_to_Dom_Mintoff%2C_Valletta_001.jpg/330px-Monument_to_Dom_Mintoff%2C_Valletta_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Monument_to_Dom_Mintoff%2C_Valletta_001.jpg/440px-Monument_to_Dom_Mintoff%2C_Valletta_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2080" data-file-height="2942" /></a><figcaption>Monument to Mintoff in Castille Square in <a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malta_-_Paola_-_Triq_Kordin_01_ies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Malta_-_Paola_-_Triq_Kordin_01_ies.jpg/220px-Malta_-_Paola_-_Triq_Kordin_01_ies.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Malta_-_Paola_-_Triq_Kordin_01_ies.jpg/330px-Malta_-_Paola_-_Triq_Kordin_01_ies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Malta_-_Paola_-_Triq_Kordin_01_ies.jpg/440px-Malta_-_Paola_-_Triq_Kordin_01_ies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Dom Mintoff Road in Paola</figcaption></figure> <p>While generations of loyal supporters continue to credit Mintoff with the introduction of social benefits like the children's allowance, two-thirds pensions, minimum wage and social housing as well as the creation of <a href="/wiki/Air_Malta" title="Air Malta">Air Malta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sea_Malta" title="Sea Malta">Sea Malta</a>, the separation of church and state and ending 200 years of British colonial rule, critics point to his divisive legacy, and the violence and unrest that characterised his time in office. It has also been pointed out by Mintoff's critics that a pervasive cult of personality has been maintained after his death, most prominently within the Labour Party. </p><p>Mintoff's legacy in Malta is extremely apparent, being the longest-ruling Prime Minister in Maltese history, and overseeing the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Malta#From_home_rule_to_independence" title="History of Malta">transition</a> of Malta away from a <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Malta" title="Crown Colony of Malta">British colony</a>, to a <a href="/wiki/Socialist-leaning_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist-leaning countries">socialist-aligned</a>, <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">neutral</a> republic.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, the modern <a href="/wiki/Legal" class="mw-redirect" title="Legal">legal</a> and societal structure of Malta were developed under the Labour government. </p><p>Mintoff was fundamental to the development of the <a href="/wiki/Maltese_constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Maltese constitution">Maltese constitution</a> and the development of <a href="/wiki/Maltese_foreign_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Maltese foreign policy">Maltese foreign policy</a>, in which Malta was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a>, and prioritised good relations with the <a href="/wiki/Second_World" title="Second World">second</a> and <a href="/wiki/Third_World" title="Third World">Third World</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The modern system of nationalised health care in Malta was likewise created under Mintoff, as well as the modern Maltese <a href="/wiki/Public_housing" title="Public housing">housing system</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mintoff is controversially also remembered as an <a href="/wiki/Authoritarian_socialism" title="Authoritarian socialism">authoritarian socialist</a> that dominated the structure of the Maltese government.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malta" title="Economy of Malta">economy of Malta</a>, a relatively <a href="/wiki/Developed_country" title="Developed country">high income nation</a> with a highly advanced welfare economy, and <a href="/wiki/Subsidies" class="mw-redirect" title="Subsidies">subsidies</a> were devolved under Mintoff.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under Mintoff, <a href="/wiki/Language_reforms" class="mw-redirect" title="Language reforms">Language reforms</a> saw an increase of schools teaching <a href="/wiki/Maltese_language" title="Maltese language">Maltese</a>, which managed to <a href="/wiki/Language_revitalization" title="Language revitalization">revive the language</a> from previous colonial-era decline.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, the main square in front the church of Our Lady of Mercy in Bir id-Deheb, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBejtun" title="Żejtun">Żejtun</a> (where Dom and Moyra Mintoff were married) was renamed Dom Mintoff Square.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A statue of Mintoff was unveiled in his hometown Cospicua on 12 December 2014, designed by the artist Noel Galea Bason.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2016, Corradino Road (<a href="/wiki/Maltese_language" title="Maltese language">Maltese</a>: <i lang="mt">Triq Kordin</i>) in <a href="/wiki/Paola,_Malta" title="Paola, Malta">Paola</a> was renamed Dom Mintoff Road (<a href="/wiki/Maltese_language" title="Maltese language">Maltese</a>: <i lang="mt">Triq il-Perit Dom Mintoff</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other roads were subsequently renamed in his honour in <a href="/wiki/Bormla" class="mw-redirect" title="Bormla">Bormla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marsa,_Malta" title="Marsa, Malta">Marsa</a>. Another street named after Mintoff is located in the capital of Gozo, Rabat. In August 2016, a monument to Mintoff was unveiled in the Chinese Garden of Serenity in <a href="/wiki/Santa_Lu%C4%8Bija" title="Santa Luċija">Santa Luċija</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many plaques and monuments commemorating various anniversaries of his leadership of the Labour Party can be found around Malta, primarily near current or former <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Malta)" title="Labour Party (Malta)">Labour Party</a> clubs. </p><p>In May 2018, a second statue of Mintoff was unveiled in Castille Square in Valletta directly opposite the office of the Prime Minister.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2019, a garden in <a href="/wiki/Paola,_Malta" title="Paola, Malta">Paola</a> was renamed Dom Mintoff Garden after extensive rehabilitation works.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2019, a hall was renamed after Mintoff in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in recognition of his contributions towards Maltese foreign policy.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2023, a third statue of Mintoff was unveiled by the Paola Local Council in Dom Mintoff Garden designed by renowned sculptor Alfred Camilleri Cauchi.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honours">Awards and honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Awards and honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_honours">National honours</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: National honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg/80px-MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg/120px-MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg/160px-MLT_National_Order_of_Merit_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/National_Order_of_Merit_(Malta)" title="National Order of Merit (Malta)">Companion of Honour of the National Order of Merit</a> (1990) <i>by right as a former Prime Minister of Malta</i></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MLT_Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/MLT_Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png/80px-MLT_Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/MLT_Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png 1.5x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Malta_Self-Government_Re-introduction_Seventy-Fifth_Anniversary_Medal" title="Malta Self-Government Re-introduction Seventy-Fifth Anniversary Medal">Malta Self-Government Re-introduction Seventy-Fifth Anniversary Medal</a> (1996)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MLT_Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/MLT_Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png/80px-MLT_Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/MLT_Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal_ribbon.png 1.5x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Malta_Independence_Fiftieth_Anniversary_Medal" title="Malta Independence Fiftieth Anniversary Medal">Malta Independence Fiftieth Anniversary Medal</a> (2014) <i>posthumous</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_honours">Foreign honours</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Foreign honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_Republic_(Libya)_-_ribbon_bar.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Order_of_the_Republic_%28Libya%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif/80px-Order_of_the_Republic_%28Libya%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Order_of_the_Republic_%28Libya%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif/120px-Order_of_the_Republic_%28Libya%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Order_of_the_Republic_%28Libya%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif/160px-Order_of_the_Republic_%28Libya%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Order of the Republic of Libya <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya"><img alt="Libya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></span> (1971)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_Republic_(Tunisia)_-_ribbon_bar.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Order_of_the_Republic_%28Tunisia%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif/80px-Order_of_the_Republic_%28Tunisia%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Order_of_the_Republic_%28Tunisia%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif/120px-Order_of_the_Republic_%28Tunisia%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Order_of_the_Republic_%28Tunisia%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif/160px-Order_of_the_Republic_%28Tunisia%29_-_ribbon_bar.gif 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Republic_(Tunisia)" title="Order of the Republic (Tunisia)">Grand Cordon of the Order of the Republic of Tunisia</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia"><img alt="Tunisia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> (1973)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_(Maroc).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_%28Maroc%29.svg/80px-Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_%28Maroc%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_%28Maroc%29.svg/120px-Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_%28Maroc%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_%28Maroc%29.svg/160px-Ordre_de_l%27Ouissam_Alaouite_GC_ribbon_%28Maroc%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Ouissam_Alaouite" title="Order of Ouissam Alaouite">Grand Cordon of the Order of Ouissam Alaouite</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco"><img alt="Morocco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> (1978)<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Gaddafi_International_Prize_for_Human_Rights" title="Al-Gaddafi International Prize for Human Rights">Al-Gaddafi International Prize for Human Rights</a> (2008)<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Tail_That_Wagged_The_Dog.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/The_Tail_That_Wagged_The_Dog.jpg" decoding="async" width="182" height="277" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="182" data-file-height="277" /></a><figcaption><i>The Tail That Wagged The Dog: The life and struggles of Dom Mintoff (1916-2012)</i> by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Montebello" title="Mark Montebello">Mark Montebello</a> (2021)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2021 the first fully-researched biography of Mintoff was launched in Malta.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Tail That Wagged The Dog: The life and struggles of Dom Mintoff (1916-2012)</i>, written and published in English by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Montebello" title="Mark Montebello">Mark Montebello</a>, was issued by SKS Publications, a branch of <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>’s <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Malta)" title="Labour Party (Malta)">Labour Party</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which commissioned the book.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though at first welcomed by <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malta" title="Prime Minister of Malta">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Abela" title="Robert Abela">Robert Abela</a>, the leader of the party,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he later repudiated the biography,<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though the book was not withheld from being sold by the publisher.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The vacillation was mainly due to Mintoff’s children disassociating themselves from the publication.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The author firmly stood by his work.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seven years in the making,<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 640-page book was nonetheless positively hailed by critics,<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and even shortlisted for the national book prize.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AdybAAAAQBAJ&q=Dom+Mintoff&pg=PA155"><i>Cyprus, Greece, and Malta</i></a>. Britanncia Educational Publishing. 1 June 2013. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781615309856" title="Special:BookSources/9781615309856"><bdi>9781615309856</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2018</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cyprus%2C+Greece%2C+and+Malta&rft.pub=Britanncia+Educational+Publishing&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.isbn=9781615309856&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAdybAAAAQBAJ%26q%3DDom%2BMintoff%26pg%3DPA155&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-britannica-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-britannica_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/384620/Dom-Mintoff"><i>Dom Mintoff</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dom+Mintoff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F384620%2FDom-Mintoff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBriguglio2001" class="citation thesis cs1">Briguglio, Michael (October 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120227154738/http://www.michaelbriguglio.com/MA%20THESES%20-%20Chapter%203.pdf">"3"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Malta Labour Party in Perspective: 1920-87</i> (Sociology M.A.). University of Malta. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.michaelbriguglio.com/MA%20THESES%20-%20Chapter%203.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=The+Malta+Labour+Party+in+Perspective%3A+1920-87&rft.inst=University+of+Malta&rft.date=2001-10&rft.aulast=Briguglio&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.michaelbriguglio.com%2FMA%2520THESES%2520-%2520Chapter%25203.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarmen_Sammut2007" class="citation book cs1">Carmen Sammut (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QjzxFF8ZjfwC&q=Dom+Mintoff+welfare+state&pg=PA35"><i>Media and Maltese Society</i></a>. Lexington Books. p. 35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780739115268" title="Special:BookSources/9780739115268"><bdi>9780739115268</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2012</span> – via Books.google.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Media+and+Maltese+Society&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=Lexington+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780739115268&rft.au=Carmen+Sammut&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQjzxFF8ZjfwC%26q%3DDom%2BMintoff%2Bwelfare%2Bstate%26pg%3DPA35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TOM_obit-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TOM_obit_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TOM_obit_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/dom-mintoff-malta-s-most-controversial-political-giant.429112/">"Dom Mintoff, Malta's political giant, passes away"</a>. <i>Times of Malta</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=Dom+Mintoff%2C+Malta%27s+political+giant%2C+passes+away&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2Fdom-mintoff-malta-s-most-controversial-political-giant.429112%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/politics-obituaries/9490070/Dom-Mintoff.html">"Dom Mintoff"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. 21 August 2012. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Dom+Mintoff&rft.date=2012-08-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fpolitics-obituaries%2F9490070%2FDom-Mintoff.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/110685/dom_in_the_flesh_carnal_passions_of_the_great_socialist">"Dom in the flesh: carnal passions of the great socialist"</a>. <i>MaltaToday.com.mt</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MaltaToday.com.mt&rft.atitle=Dom+in+the+flesh%3A+carnal+passions+of+the+great+socialist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maltatoday.com.mt%2Fnews%2Fnational%2F110685%2Fdom_in_the_flesh_carnal_passions_of_the_great_socialist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160701004306/http://www.kappellimaltin.com/html/tal-hniena-zejtun.html">"Tal-Hniena-Zejtun"</a>. <i>Kappellimaltin.com</i> (in Maltese). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kappellimaltin.com/html/tal-hniena-zejtun.html">the original</a> on 1 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kappellimaltin.com&rft.atitle=Tal-Hniena-Zejtun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kappellimaltin.com%2Fhtml%2Ftal-hniena-zejtun.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120729190852/http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/en/newsdetails/news/national/Dom-Mintoff-s-condition-improved-remarkably-20120726">"Dom Mintoff's health condition 'improved remarkably'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Malta Today</i>. 26 July 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/en/newsdetails/news/national/Dom-Mintoff-s-condition-improved-remarkably-20120726">the original</a> on 29 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Malta+Today&rft.atitle=Dom+Mintoff%27s+health+condition+%27improved+remarkably%27&rft.date=2012-07-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maltatoday.com.mt%2Fen%2Fnewsdetails%2Fnews%2Fnational%2FDom-Mintoff-s-condition-improved-remarkably-20120726&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gozonews.com/24382/dom-mintoff-discharged-from-mater-dei-hospital-on-saturday">"Dom Mintoff discharged from Mater Dei Hospital on Saturday"</a>. <i>gozonews.com</i>. 5 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=gozonews.com&rft.atitle=Dom+Mintoff+discharged+from+Mater+Dei+Hospital+on+Saturday&rft.date=2012-08-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgozonews.com%2F24382%2Fdom-mintoff-discharged-from-mater-dei-hospital-on-saturday&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXuereb2012" class="citation news cs1">Xuereb, Matthew (5 August 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20120805/local/Mintoff-to-spend-his-96th-birthday-quietly-at-home.431485">"Mintoff to spend his 96th birthday quietly at home"</a>. <i>Times of Malta</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=Mintoff+to+spend+his+96th+birthday+quietly+at+home&rft.date=2012-08-05&rft.aulast=Xuereb&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2F20120805%2Flocal%2FMintoff-to-spend-his-96th-birthday-quietly-at-home.431485&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20120820/local/dom-mintoff-malta-s-most-controversial-political-giant.429112">"Dom Mintoff, Malta's political giant, passes away"</a>. <i>Times of Malta</i>. 20 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=Dom+Mintoff%2C+Malta%27s+political+giant%2C+passes+away.&rft.date=2012-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2F20120820%2Flocal%2Fdom-mintoff-malta-s-most-controversial-political-giant.429112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20120820/local/pm-s-condolences-to-mintoff.433717">"State funeral for Dom Mintoff"</a>. <i>Times of Malta</i>. 20 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=State+funeral+for+Dom+Mintoff&rft.date=2012-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2F20120820%2Flocal%2Fpm-s-condolences-to-mintoff.433717&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wkt7NAAACAAJ"><i>Lejn Malta Soċjalista: 'Il Quddiem fis-Sliem</i></a> (in Maltese). Marsa: Partit tal-Ħaddiema. 1976.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lejn+Malta+So%C4%8Bjalista%3A+%27Il+Quddiem+fis-Sliem&rft.place=Marsa&rft.pub=Partit+tal-%C4%A6addiema&rft.date=1976&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWkt7NAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPirotta1985" class="citation journal cs1">Pirotta, Godfrey A. (21 August 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/51806227">"Malta's foreign policy after Mintoff"</a>. <i>The Political Quarterly</i>. <b>56</b> (2): 182–186. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-923X.1985.tb02350.x">10.1111/j.1467-923X.1985.tb02350.x</a> – via www.academia.edu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Political+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Malta%27s+foreign+policy+after+Mintoff&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=182-186&rft.date=1985-08-21&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-923X.1985.tb02350.x&rft.aulast=Pirotta&rft.aufirst=Godfrey+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F51806227&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRefalo2008" class="citation thesis cs1">Refalo, Charlton (2008) (21 August 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/87695"><i>Malta's foreign relations during the Mintoff era, 1971-1984</i></a> (bachelorThesis). University of Malta – via www.um.edu.mt.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Malta%27s+foreign+relations+during+the+Mintoff+era%2C+1971-1984&rft.inst=University+of+Malta&rft.date=2008-08-21&rft.aulast=Refalo&rft.aufirst=Charlton+%282008%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.um.edu.mt%2Flibrary%2Foar%2Fhandle%2F123456789%2F87695&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_thesis" title="Template:Cite thesis">cite thesis</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/bitstream/123456789/1675/5/Mintoff-socialism%20and%20democracy%20-%201.pdf">"Social Democracy in a Postcolonial Island State: Dom Mintoff's Impact"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Social+Democracy+in+a+Postcolonial+Island+State%3A+Dom+Mintoff%27s+Impact&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.um.edu.mt%2Flibrary%2Foar%2Fbitstream%2F123456789%2F1675%2F5%2FMintoff-socialism%2520and%2520democracy%2520-%25201.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/bitstream/123456789/1457/1/RISE-worker-student-libre.pdf">"Higher Education, Socialism & Industrial Development. Dom Mintoff and the 'Worker - Student Scheme'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Higher+Education%2C+Socialism+%26+Industrial+Development.+Dom+Mintoff+and+the+%27Worker+-+Student+Scheme%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.um.edu.mt%2Flibrary%2Foar%2Fbitstream%2F123456789%2F1457%2F1%2FRISE-worker-student-libre.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/42610571">"Dom Mintoff and Eddie Fenech Adami: Portraits of Persuasion and Charisma"</a>. <i>Public Life in Malta</i>. 1 January 2012 – via www.academia.edu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Life+in+Malta&rft.atitle=Dom+Mintoff+and+Eddie+Fenech+Adami%3A+Portraits+of+Persuasion+and+Charisma&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F42610571&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Michael-Briguglio/publication/277308092_Ideological_and_Strategic_Shifts_from_Old_Labour_to_New_Labour_In_Malta/links/5566da9f08aeab77721cc717/Ideological-and-Strategic-Shifts-from-Old-Labour-to-New-Labour-In-Malta.pdf">Ideological and Strategic Shifts from Old Labour to New Labour In Malta, by Michael Briguglio</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDowdall1972" class="citation journal cs1">Dowdall, John (1 October 1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/00358537208453048">"The political economy of Malta"</a>. <i>The Round Table</i>. <b>62</b> (248): 465–473. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00358537208453048">10.1080/00358537208453048</a> – via Taylor and Francis+NEJM.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Round+Table&rft.atitle=The+political+economy+of+Malta&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=248&rft.pages=465-473&rft.date=1972-10-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00358537208453048&rft.aulast=Dowdall&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%2F00358537208453048&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrendo1988" class="citation book cs1">Frendo, Henry (21 August 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/28346"><i>Maltese colonial identity : Latin Mediterranean or British Empire?</i></a>. Mireva Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781870579018" title="Special:BookSources/9781870579018"><bdi>9781870579018</bdi></a> – via www.um.edu.mt.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Maltese+colonial+identity+%3A+Latin+Mediterranean+or+British+Empire%3F&rft.pub=Mireva+Publications&rft.date=1988-08-21&rft.isbn=9781870579018&rft.aulast=Frendo&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.um.edu.mt%2Flibrary%2Foar%2Fhandle%2F123456789%2F28346&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCamilleri_Grima2001" class="citation journal cs1">Camilleri Grima, Antoinette (21 August 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/18894">"The Maltese bilingual classroom : a microcosm of local society"</a> – via www.um.edu.mt.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Maltese+bilingual+classroom+%3A+a+microcosm+of+local+society&rft.date=2001-08-21&rft.aulast=Camilleri+Grima&rft.aufirst=Antoinette&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.um.edu.mt%2Flibrary%2Foar%2Fhandle%2F123456789%2F18894&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/Proposal-to-name-ejtun-street-in-Mintoff-s-honour.436013">"Proposal to name Żejtun street in Mintoff's honour"</a>. <i>Times of Malta</i>. 8 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=Proposal+to+name+%C5%BBejtun+street+in+Mintoff%27s+honour&rft.date=2012-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2FProposal-to-name-ejtun-street-in-Mintoff-s-honour.436013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2014-12-12/local-news/Dom-Mintoff-s-monument-unveiled-in-Cospicua-by-Prime-Minister-Joseph-Muscat-6736127239">"Dom Mintoff's monument unveiled in Cospicua by Prime Minister Joseph Muscat"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Malta_Independent" title="The Malta Independent">The Malta Independent</a></i>. 12 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Malta+Independent&rft.atitle=Dom+Mintoff%27s+monument+unveiled+in+Cospicua+by+Prime+Minister+Joseph+Muscat&rft.date=2014-12-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.com.mt%2Farticles%2F2014-12-12%2Flocal-news%2FDom-Mintoff-s-monument-unveiled-in-Cospicua-by-Prime-Minister-Joseph-Muscat-6736127239&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20160330/local/corradino-road-becomes-dom-mintoff-road-gaddafi-gardens-renamed.607313">"Corradino Road becomes Dom Mintoff Road, Gaddafi Gardens renamed"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Times_of_Malta" title="Times of Malta">Times of Malta</a></i>. 30 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=Corradino+Road+becomes+Dom+Mintoff+Road%2C+Gaddafi+Gardens+renamed&rft.date=2016-03-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2F20160330%2Flocal%2Fcorradino-road-becomes-dom-mintoff-road-gaddafi-gardens-renamed.607313&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAgius2016" class="citation web cs1">Agius, Ritianne (7 August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tvmnews.mt/en/news/santa-lucija-monument-commemorates-dom-mintoffs-centenary/#:~:text=A%20monument%20commemorating%20the%20centenary,and%20Yana%2C%20attended%20the%20ceremony.">"Santa Luċija monument commemorates Dom Mintoff's centenary"</a>. <i>TVM News</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TVM+News&rft.atitle=Santa+Lu%C4%8Bija+monument+commemorates+Dom+Mintoff%27s+centenary.&rft.date=2016-08-07&rft.aulast=Agius&rft.aufirst=Ritianne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftvmnews.mt%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fsanta-lucija-monument-commemorates-dom-mintoffs-centenary%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DA%2520monument%2520commemorating%2520the%2520centenary%2Cand%2520Yana%252C%2520attended%2520the%2520ceremony.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lovinmalta.com/news/rebel-priest-breaks-silence-to-toast-dom-mintoff-as-his-monument-is-unveiled-in-castille-square/">"Rebel Priest Breaks Silence To Toast Dom Mintoff As His Monument Is Unveiled In Castille Square"</a>. <i>Lovin Malta</i>. 31 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lovin+Malta&rft.atitle=Rebel+Priest+Breaks+Silence+To+Toast+Dom+Mintoff+As+His+Monument+Is+Unveiled+In+Castille+Square&rft.date=2018-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flovinmalta.com%2Fnews%2Frebel-priest-breaks-silence-to-toast-dom-mintoff-as-his-monument-is-unveiled-in-castille-square%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20180531/local/mintoff-monument-celebrates-the-future-muscat.680538">"Watch: Mintoff monument celebrates the future - Muscat"</a>. <i>Times of Malta</i>. 31 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=Watch%3A+Mintoff+monument+celebrates+the+future+-+Muscat&rft.date=2018-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2F20180531%2Flocal%2Fmintoff-monument-celebrates-the-future-muscat.680538&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVassallo" class="citation news cs1">Vassallo, Alvin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tvmnews.mt/en/news/gnien-duminku-mintoff-in-paola-inaugurated/">"Ġnien Duminku Mintoff in Paola inaugurated"</a>. <i>TVM News</i>. Television Malta<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=Foreign+Ministry+hall+named+after+Dom+Mintoff&rft.date=2019-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2Fforeign-ministry-hall-named-after-dom-mintoff.727391&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewsroom2023" class="citation web cs1">Newsroom, T. V. M. (14 June 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tvmnews.mt/en/news/dom-mintoff-monument-in-paola-unveiled/">"Dom Mintoff monument in Paola unveiled"</a>. <i>TVMnews.mt</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Malta+Independent&rft.atitle=Dom+Mintoff%27s+biography+launched&rft.date=2021-06-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.com.mt%2Farticles%2F2021-06-19%2Flocal-news%2FDom-Mintoff-s-biography-launched-6736234499&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://skspublishers.com">"SKS Publishers"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SKS+Publishers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fskspublishers.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVella2021" class="citation web cs1">Vella, Matthew (8 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.maltatoday.com.mt/arts/books/109483/dimech_biographer_mark_montebello_pens_dom_mintoff_biography#.Y8BnzVyZPIV">"Dimech biographer Mark Montebello pens Dom Mintoff biography"</a>. <i>Malta Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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May 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreign.gov.mt/en/government/mla/documents/e-newsletters/adelaide/news373.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 12 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maltese+eNewsletter&rft.atitle=Mintoff%27s+life+and+struggles+as+never+seen+before&rft.date=2021-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeign.gov.mt%2Fen%2Fgovernment%2Fmla%2Fdocuments%2Fe-newsletters%2Fadelaide%2Fnews373.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVella2021" class="citation web cs1">Vella, Matthew (5 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/110685/dom_in_the_flesh_carnal_passions_of_the_great_socialist#.Y8B48VyZPIV">"Dom in the flesh: carnal passions of the great socialist"</a>. <i>Malta Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Malta+Today&rft.atitle=Dom+in+the+flesh%3A+carnal+passions+of+the+great+socialist&rft.date=2021-07-05&rft.aulast=Vella&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.maltatoday.com.mt%2Fnews%2Fnational%2F110685%2Fdom_in_the_flesh_carnal_passions_of_the_great_socialist%23.Y8B48VyZPIV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gozo.news/90758/new-biography-highlights-mintoffs-life-and-struggles-as-never-seen-before">"New biography highlights Mintoff's life and struggles as never seen before"</a>. <i>Gozo News</i>. 8 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gozo+News&rft.atitle=New+biography+highlights+Mintoff%27s+life+and+struggles+as+never+seen+before&rft.date=2021-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgozo.news%2F90758%2Fnew-biography-highlights-mintoffs-life-and-struggles-as-never-seen-before&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maltatoday.uberflip.com/maltatoday-previous-editions/maltatoday-4-july-2021">"Sex and socialism: Dom's bedroom secrets"</a>. <i>Malta Today</i>. 4 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Malta+Today&rft.atitle=Sex+and+socialism%3A+Dom%27s+bedroom+secrets&rft.date=2021-07-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmaltatoday.uberflip.com%2Fmaltatoday-previous-editions%2Fmaltatoday-4-july-2021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrugia2022" class="citation web cs1">Farrugia, Claire (2 August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/controversial-mintoff-biography-makes-national-book-prize-shortlist.972122">"Controversial Mintoff biography makes National Book Prize shortlist"</a>. <i>Malta Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Malta+Today&rft.atitle=Controversial+Mintoff+biography+makes+National+Book+Prize+shortlist&rft.date=2022-08-02&rft.aulast=Farrugia&rft.aufirst=Claire&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2Fcontroversial-mintoff-biography-makes-national-book-prize-shortlist.972122&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADom+Mintoff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080216002644/http://www.independent.com.mt/news.asp?newsitemid=52129">U.S. Navy wanted to kill Mintoff</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Malta_Independent" title="The Malta Independent">The Malta Independent</a>, 26 January 2008.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/21/world/europe/dom-mintoff-proponent-of-maltese-independence-dies-at-96.html?pagewanted=all"><i>The New York Times</i> report of his death</a>, 21 August 2012.</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Borg_Olivier" class="mw-redirect" title="Giorgio Borg Olivier">Giorgio Borg Olivier</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malta" title="Prime Minister of Malta">Prime Minister of Malta</a> </b><br />1955–1958 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Borg_Olivier" class="mw-redirect" title="Giorgio Borg Olivier">Giorgio Borg Olivier</a> </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malta" title="Prime Minister of Malta">Prime Minister of Malta</a> </b><br />1971–1984 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Karmenu_Mifsud_Bonnici" title="Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici">Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Boffa" title="Paul Boffa">Paul Boffa</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Malta)" title="Labour Party (Malta)">Labour Party</a> </b><br />1949–1984 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Karmenu_Mifsud_Bonnici" title="Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici">Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:MaltesePMs" title="Template:MaltesePMs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:MaltesePMs" title="Template talk:MaltesePMs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:MaltesePMs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:MaltesePMs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prime_ministers_of_Malta" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malta" title="Prime Minister of Malta">Prime ministers of Malta</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Before Abolishment of 1933-1947</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Howard_(Prime_Minister)" title="Joseph Howard (Prime Minister)">Joseph Howard</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Buhagiar" title="Francesco Buhagiar">Francesco Buhagiar</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Pasquale_Mifsud" title="Ugo Pasquale Mifsud">Ugo Pasquale Mifsud</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Strickland,_1st_Baron_Strickland" title="Gerald Strickland, 1st Baron Strickland">Gerald Strickland</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Pasquale_Mifsud" title="Ugo Pasquale Mifsud">Ugo Pasquale Mifsud</a> <sup></sup></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Malta.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Malta"><img alt="Flag of Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/50px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/75px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/100px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">After Abolishment of 1933-1947</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Boffa" title="Paul Boffa">Paul Boffa</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Mizzi" title="Enrico Mizzi">Enrico Mizzi</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Borg_Olivier" title="George Borg Olivier">George Borg Olivier</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dom Mintoff</a> <sup></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">After Abolishment of 1958-1962</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Borg_Olivier" title="George Borg Olivier">George Borg Olivier</a> <sup></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/State_of_Malta" title="State of Malta">State of Malta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Borg_Olivier" title="George Borg Olivier">George Borg Olivier</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dom Mintoff</a> <sup></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Malta">Republic of Malta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dom Mintoff</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karmenu_Mifsud_Bonnici" title="Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici">Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Fenech_Adami" title="Eddie Fenech Adami">Eddie Fenech Adami</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Sant" title="Alfred Sant">Alfred Sant</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Fenech_Adami" title="Eddie Fenech Adami">Eddie Fenech Adami</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Gonzi" title="Lawrence Gonzi">Lawrence Gonzi</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Muscat" title="Joseph Muscat">Joseph Muscat</a> <sup></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Abela" title="Robert Abela">Robert Abela</a> <sup></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167307#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167307#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167307#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000037426268X">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/50311107">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/112430/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJxrYJJP4dTCHfJ4GqgtKd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/129585289">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83063244">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mintoff, Dom"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jo20231181908&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p133595218">Netherlands</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/116313838">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&oldid=1259940854">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dom_Mintoff&oldid=1259940854</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1916_births" title="Category:1916 births">1916 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2012_deaths" 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