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Yunanistan - Vikipedi

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mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&amp;returnto=Yunanistan" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oturum aç</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çıkış yapmış editörler için sayfalar <a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:Giri%C5%9F" aria-label="Değişiklik yapma hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin"><span>daha fazla bilgi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Katk%C4%B1lar%C4%B1m" title="Bu IP adresinden yapılmış değişiklikler listesi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Katkılar</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:MesajSayfam" 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vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimoloji" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimoloji"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimoloji</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimoloji-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tarihçe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tarihçe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tarihçe</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tarihçe-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Tarihçe alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tarihçe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tarih_öncesi_ve_Ege_uygarlıkları" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tarih_öncesi_ve_Ege_uygarlıkları"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Tarih öncesi ve Ege uygarlıkları</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tarih_öncesi_ve_Ege_uygarlıkları-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Antik_Yunanistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antik_Yunanistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Antik Yunanistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antik_Yunanistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klasik_dönem_(MÖ_776-323)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klasik_dönem_(MÖ_776-323)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Klasik dönem (MÖ 776-323)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klasik_dönem_(MÖ_776-323)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roma_eyaleti_(MÖ_146_-_MS_4._yüzyıl)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roma_eyaleti_(MÖ_146_-_MS_4._yüzyıl)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Roma eyaleti (MÖ 146 - MS 4. yüzyıl)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roma_eyaleti_(MÖ_146_-_MS_4._yüzyıl)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bizans_Dönemi_(MS_323–MS_1453)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bizans_Dönemi_(MS_323–MS_1453)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Bizans Dönemi (MS 323–MS 1453)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bizans_Dönemi_(MS_323–MS_1453)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Osmanlı_ve_Venedik_Dönemi_(1453-1821)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osmanlı_ve_Venedik_Dönemi_(1453-1821)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Osmanlı ve Venedik Dönemi (1453-1821)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Osmanlı_ve_Venedik_Dönemi_(1453-1821)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bağımsızlık_ve_büyüme_(1821-1924)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bağımsızlık_ve_büyüme_(1821-1924)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Bağımsızlık ve büyüme (1821-1924)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bağımsızlık_ve_büyüme_(1821-1924)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yakın_dönem:_İkinci_Dünya_Savaşı_ve_Yunan_İç_Savaşı" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yakın_dönem:_İkinci_Dünya_Savaşı_ve_Yunan_İç_Savaşı"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Yakın dönem: İkinci Dünya Savaşı ve Yunan İç Savaşı</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yakın_dönem:_İkinci_Dünya_Savaşı_ve_Yunan_İç_Savaşı-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coğrafya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coğrafya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Coğrafya</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Coğrafya-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Coğrafya alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Coğrafya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Su_kaynakları" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Su_kaynakları"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Su kaynakları</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Su_kaynakları-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adalar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adalar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Adalar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adalar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-İklim" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#İklim"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>İklim</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-İklim-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hükûmet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hükûmet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Hükûmet</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Hükûmet-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Hükûmet alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Hükûmet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hukuk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hukuk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Hukuk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hukuk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-İdari_bölümler" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#İdari_bölümler"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>İdari bölümler</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-İdari_bölümler-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dış_ilişkiler" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dış_ilişkiler"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Dış ilişkiler</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dış_ilişkiler-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ordu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ordu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Ordu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ordu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekonomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekonomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ekonomi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ekonomi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Ekonomi alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ekonomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Borç_krizi_(2010-2018)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Borç_krizi_(2010-2018)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Borç krizi (2010-2018)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Borç_krizi_(2010-2018)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tarım" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tarım"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Tarım</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tarım-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denizcilik_sektörü" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denizcilik_sektörü"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Denizcilik sektörü</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denizcilik_sektörü-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turizm" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turizm"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Turizm</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turizm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ulaşım" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ulaşım"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Ulaşım</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ulaşım-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demografi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Demografi alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Dil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Din" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Din"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Din</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Din-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eğitim" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eğitim"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Eğitim</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eğitim-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emeklilik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emeklilik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Emeklilik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emeklilik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sağlık" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sağlık"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Sağlık</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sağlık-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kültür" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kültür"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Kültür</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kültür-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Kültür alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kültür-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Müzik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Müzik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Müzik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Müzik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edebiyat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edebiyat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Edebiyat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edebiyat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Felsefe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Felsefe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Felsefe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Felsefe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sinema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sinema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Sinema</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sinema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mutfak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mutfak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Mutfak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mutfak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Medya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaynakça"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Kaynakça</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaynakça-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliyografya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliyografya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliyografya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliyografya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dış_bağlantılar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dış_bağlantılar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Dış bağlantılar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dış_bağlantılar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Yunanistan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 289 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-289" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">289 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Бырзентәыла - Abhazca" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Бырзентәыла" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abhazca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani - Açece" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Yunani" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Açece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Урымые - Adigece" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Урымые" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adigece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griekeland" title="Griekeland - Afrikaanca" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Griekeland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griechenland" title="Griechenland - İsviçre Almancası" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Griechenland" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="İsviçre Almancası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%8D%E1%88%AA%E1%8A%AD_(%E1%8A%A0%E1%8C%88%E1%88%AD)" title="ግሪክ (አገር) - Amharca" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ግሪክ (አገር)" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Aragonca" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecland" title="Grecland - Eski İngilizce" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Grecland" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Eski İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giris" title="Giris - Obolo dili" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Giris" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8" title="ग्रीस - Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ग्रीस" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اليونان - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اليونان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9D%DC%98%DC%A2" title="ܝܘܢ - Aramice" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܝܘܢ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ليونان - Fas Arapçası" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ليونان" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Fas Arapçası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اليونان - Mısır Arapçası" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اليونان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Mısır Arapçası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Asturyasça" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturyasça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Герек - Avar dili" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Герек" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avar dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellasa" title="Ellasa - Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Ellasa" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="यूनान - Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="यूनान" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grisya" title="Grisya - Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Grisya" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunan%C4%B1stan" title="Yunanıstan - Azerbaycan dili" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yunanıstan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaycan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="یونان - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یونان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Греция - Başkırtça" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Греция" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Başkırtça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani - Bali dili" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Yunani" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griachaland" title="Griachaland - Bavyera dili" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Griachaland" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavyera dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graik%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Graikėjė - Samogitçe" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Graikėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorik" title="Gorik - Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Gorik" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresya" title="Gresya - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Gresya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Грэцыя - Belarusça" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Грэцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Грэцыя - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Грэцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani - Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Yunani" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гърция - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гърция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="यूनान - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="यूनान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gris" title="Gris - Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Gris" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C9%9Br%C9%9Bsi" title="Gɛrɛsi - Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Gɛrɛsi" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8" title="গ্রিস - Bengalce" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গ্রিস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཀེ་རི་སི། - Tibetçe" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཀེ་རི་སི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B8" title="গ্রীস - Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="গ্রীস" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gres_(bro)" title="Gres (bro) - Bretonca" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gres (bro)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dka" title="Grčka - Boşnakça" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Grčka" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Boşnakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani - Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Yunani" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Греци - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Греци" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A8cia" title="Grècia - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grècia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%AD-l%C3%A9-n%C3%A0%CC%A4" title="Hĭ-lé-nà̤ - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hĭ-lé-nà̤" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%8C" title="Желтойчоь - Çeçence" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Желтойчоь" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Çeçence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresya" title="Gresya - Sebuano dili" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Gresya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Sebuano dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Çamorro dili" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Çamorro dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%AA%E1%8E%A2%E1%8E%AF" title="ᎪᎢᎯ - Çerokice" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎪᎢᎯ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Çerokice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="یۆنان - Orta Kürtçe" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یۆنان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Orta Kürtçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Korsikaca" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsikaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunanistan" title="Yunanistan - Kırım Tatarcası" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Yunanistan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Kırım Tatarcası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98ecko" title="Řecko - Çekçe" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Řecko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Çekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greck%C3%B4" title="Greckô - Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Greckô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Грьци - Kilise Slavcası" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Грьци" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Kilise Slavcası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Греци - Çuvaşça" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Греци" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Çuvaşça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwlad_Groeg" title="Gwlad Groeg - Galce" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwlad Groeg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Galce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A6kenland" title="Grækenland - Danca" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Grækenland" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griechenland" title="Griechenland - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Griechenland" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunan%C4%B1stan" title="Yunanıstan - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Yunanıstan" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grichiska" title="Grichiska - Aşağı Sorbça" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Grichiska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Aşağı Sorbça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8" title="ग्रीस - Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="ग्रीस" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%94%DE%AB%DE%82%DE%A7%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ޔޫނާން - Divehi dili" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޔޫނާން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B2%E0%BE%80%E0%BD%A6" title="གྲྀས - Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="གྲྀས" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Ελλάδα - Yunanca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ελλάδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9cia" title="Grécia - Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Grécia" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grekio" title="Grekio - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Grekio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreeka" title="Kreeka - Estonca" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kreeka" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grezia" title="Grezia - Baskça" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Grezia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Ekstremadura Dili" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Ekstremadura Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="یونان - Farsça" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یونان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farsça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Fula dili" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreikka" title="Kreikka - Fince" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kreikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreeka" title="Kreeka - Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kreeka" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grikkaland" title="Grikkaland - Faroe dili" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Grikkaland" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A8ce" title="Grèce - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grèce" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A8%C3%A7a" title="Grèça - Arpitanca" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Grèça" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grekenlun" title="Grekenlun - Kuzey Frizce" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Grekenlun" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Kuzey Frizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecie" title="Grecie - Friuli dili" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Grecie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grikel%C3%A2n" title="Grikelân - Batı Frizcesi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Grikelân" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Batı Frizcesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Ghr%C3%A9ig" title="An Ghréig - İrlandaca" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Ghréig" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="İrlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gre%C8%9Biya" title="Grețiya - Gagavuzca" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Grețiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagavuzca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98" title="希臘 - Gan Çincesi" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="希臘" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A8s" title="Grès - Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Grès" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%27_Ghr%C3%A8ig" title="A&#039; Ghrèig - İskoç Gaelcesi" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="A&#039; Ghrèig" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="İskoç Gaelcesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Galiçyaca" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiçyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="یۊنان - Gilanice" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="یۊنان" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilanice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyr%C3%A9sia" title="Gyrésia - Guarani dili" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Gyrésia" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8" title="ग्रीस - Goa Konkanicesi" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="ग्रीस" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goa Konkanicesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B3" title="𐌺𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 - Gotça" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌺𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gotça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B8" title="ગ્રીસ - Güceratça" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ગ્રીસ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Güceratça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Ghreag" title="Yn Ghreag - Man dili" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Ghreag" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Man dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girka_(%C6%99asa)" title="Girka (ƙasa) - Hausa dili" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Girka (ƙasa)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AE-lia%CC%8Dp" title="Hî-lia̍p - Hakka Çincesi" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Hî-lia̍p" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene" title="Helene - Hawaii dili" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Helene" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaii dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9F" title="יוון - İbranice" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יוון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="İbranice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="यूनान - Hintçe" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="यूनान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hintçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Fiji Hintçesi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hintçesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dka" title="Grčka - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Grčka" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grjekska" title="Grjekska - Yukarı Sorbça" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Grjekska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Yukarı Sorbça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A8s" title="Grès - Haiti Kreyolu" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Grès" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haiti Kreyolu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6r%C3%B6gorsz%C3%A1g" title="Görögország - Macarca" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Görögország" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Macarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Հունաստան - Ermenice" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հունաստան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Ermenice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%85%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Յունաստան - Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Յունաստան" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - İnterlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="İnterlingua" data-language-local-name="İnterlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İnterlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerika" title="Gerika - Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Gerika" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Yunani" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - İbo dili" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="İbo dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresia" title="Gresia - Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Gresia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Янехье - İnguşça" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Янехье" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="İnguşça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grekia" title="Grekia - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Grekia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grikkland" title="Grikkland - İzlandaca" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Grikkland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="İzlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3" title="ギリシャ - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ギリシャ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griis" title="Griis - Jamaika Patois Dili" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Griis" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaika Patois Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/xesygu%27e" title="xesygu&#039;e - Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="xesygu&#039;e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grikenlan" title="Grikenlan - Cava dili" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Grikenlan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Cava dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AB%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="საბერძნეთი - Gürcüce" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საბერძნეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gürcüce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greciya" title="Greciya - Karakalpakça" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Greciya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Karakalpakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legrig" title="Legrig - Kabiliyece" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Legrig" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabiliyece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Алыджей - Kabardeyce" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Алыджей" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardeyce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C9%9Bs%C9%A9" title="Krɛsɩ - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Krɛsɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helat" title="Helat - Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Helat" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelesi" title="Gelesi - Kongo dili" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Gelesi" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani - Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Yunani" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngiriki" title="Ngiriki - Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Ngiriki" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Грекия - Kazakça" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Грекия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%80" title="ក្រិក - Khmer dili" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ក្រិក" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಗ್ರೀಸ್ - Kannada dili" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗ್ರೀಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="그리스 - Korece" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="그리스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Эллада - Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Эллада" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Греция - Karaçay-Balkarca" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Греция" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karaçay-Balkarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jrihscheland" title="Jrihscheland - Köln lehçesi" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Jrihscheland" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Köln lehçesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yewnanistan" title="Yewnanistan - Kürtçe" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Yewnanistan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kürtçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Эллада - Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Эллада" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pow_Grek" title="Pow Grek - Kernevekçe" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Pow Grek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kernevekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graecia" title="Graecia - Latince" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Graecia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresia" title="Gresia - Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Gresia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griicheland" title="Griicheland - Lüksemburgca" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Griicheland" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Lüksemburgca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Греция - Lezgice" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Греция" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezgice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elas" title="Elas - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Elas" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buyonaani" title="Buyonaani - Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Buyonaani" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griekeland" title="Griekeland - Limburgca" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Griekeland" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%AAcia" title="Grêcia - Ligurca" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Grêcia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Lombardça" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresi" title="Gresi - Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Gresi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81" title="ປະເທດເກຣັກ - Lao dili" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດເກຣັກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graikija" title="Graikija - Litvanca" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Graikija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grekeja" title="Grekeja - Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Grekeja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grie%C4%B7ija" title="Grieķija - Letonca" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Grieķija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani - Madura Dili" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Yunani" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madura Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8" title="ग्रीस - Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="ग्रीस" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani - Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Yunani" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Грекмастор - Mokşa dili" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Грекмастор" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Mokşa dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grisy" title="Grisy - Malgaşça" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Grisy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgaşça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Греций - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Греций" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirihi" title="Kirihi - Maori dili" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Kirihi" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani - Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Yunani" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Грција - Makedonca" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Грција" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ഗ്രീസ് - Malayalam dili" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്രീസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Грек - Moğolca" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Грек" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Moğolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%92%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%81" title="ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ - Manipuri dili" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8" title="ग्रीस - Marathi dili" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ग्रीस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani - Malayca" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Yunani" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gre%C4%8Bja" title="Greċja - Maltaca" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Greċja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9cia" title="Grécia - Miranda dili" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Grécia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဂရိနိုင်ငံ - Birman dili" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂရိနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birman dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Греция Мастор - Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Греция Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="یونان - Mazenderanca" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="یونان" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazenderanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Napolice" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Napolice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grekenland" title="Grekenland - Aşağı Almanca" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Grekenland" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Aşağı Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griekenlaand" title="Griekenlaand - Aşağı Saksonca" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Griekenlaand" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Aşağı Saksonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8" title="ग्रिस - Nepalce" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ग्रिस" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8" title="ग्रीस - Nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ग्रीस" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griekenland" title="Griekenland - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Griekenland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellas" title="Hellas - Norveççe Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hellas" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellas" title="Hellas - Norveççe Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hellas" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grekia" title="Grekia - Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Grekia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%AAce" title="Grêce - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Grêce" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Kuzey Sotho dili" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Kuzey Sotho dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dahojiy%C3%A1anii_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Dahojiyáanii Bikéyah - Navaho dili" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Dahojiyáanii Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navaho dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A8cia" title="Grècia - Oksitan dili" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Grècia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gretsii" title="Gretsii - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Gretsii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giriik" title="Giriik - Oromo dili" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Giriik" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Грекъ - Osetçe" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Грекъ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Osetçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਯੂਨਾਨ - Pencapça" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਯੂਨਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pencapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresia" title="Gresia - Pangasinan dili" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Gresia" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresya" title="Gresya - Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Gresya" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresia" title="Gresia - Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Gresia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A8che" title="Grèche - Picard Dili" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Grèche" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griechenlen" title="Griechenlen - Pensilvanya Almancası" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Griechenlen" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pensilvanya Almancası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8_(%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8)" title="ग्रीस (यूनान) - Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="ग्रीस (यूनान)" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griis" title="Griis - Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Griis" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecja" title="Grecja - Lehçe" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grecja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Lehçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Piyemontece" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piyemontece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="یونان - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="یونان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Ελλάδα - Kuzeybatı Kafkasya" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ελλάδα" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Kuzeybatı Kafkasya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="يونان - Peştuca" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="يونان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Peştuca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9cia" title="Grécia - Portekizce" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Grécia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portekizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilinusuyu" title="Ilinusuyu - Keçuva dili" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ilinusuyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Keçuva dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grezia" title="Grezia - Romanşça" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Grezia" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romanşça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yelenistan" title="Yelenistan - Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Yelenistan" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubugiriki" title="Ubugiriki - Kirundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Ubugiriki" data-language-autonym="İkirundi" data-language-local-name="Kirundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İkirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="kaliteli madde"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Rumence" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A3rtsii" title="Gãrtsii - Ulahça" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Gãrtsii" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Ulahça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecie" title="Grecie - Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Grecie" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Греция - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Греция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%90%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ґреція - Rusince" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ґреція" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubugereki" title="Ubugereki - Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ubugereki" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%83" title="यवनदेशः - Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="यवनदेशः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Греция - Yakutça" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Греция" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakutça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%BD%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0" title="ᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ - Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A8ghia" title="Grèghia - Sardunya dili" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Grèghia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardunya dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecia" title="Grecia - Sicilyaca" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Grecia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - İskoçça" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="İskoçça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="يونان - Sindhi dili" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="يونان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greika" title="Greika - Kuzey Laponcası" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Greika" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Kuzey Laponcası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dka" title="Grčka - Sırp-Hırvat Dili" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Grčka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Sırp-Hırvat Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyunan" title="Lyunan - Taşelit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Lyunan" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Taşelit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88" title="မိူင်းၵရိတ်ႈ - Shan dili" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၵရိတ်ႈ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="ග්‍රීසිය - Sinhali dili" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ග්‍රීසිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhali dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9cko" title="Grécko - Slovakça" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Grécko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="یونان - Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="یونان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dija" title="Grčija - Slovence" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Grčija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleni" title="Eleni - Samoa dili" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Eleni" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoa dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreikka" title="Kreikka - İnari Laponcası" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Kreikka" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="İnari Laponcası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vugiriki" title="Vugiriki - Şona dili" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Vugiriki" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Şona dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giriiga" title="Giriiga - Somalice" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Giriiga" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greqia" title="Greqia - Arnavutça" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Greqia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Arnavutça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Грчка - Sırpça" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Грчка" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sırpça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grikikondre" title="Grikikondre - Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Grikikondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGrikhi" title="IGrikhi - Sisvati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IGrikhi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Sisvati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griechenlound" title="Griechenlound - Saterland Frizcesi" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Griechenlound" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frizcesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunani" title="Yunani - Sunda dili" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Yunani" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grekland" title="Grekland - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grekland" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugiriki" title="Ugiriki - Svahili dili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ugiriki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecyj%C5%8F" title="Grecyjŏ - Silezyaca" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Grecyjŏ" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silezyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81)" title="கிரேக்கம் (நாடு) - Tamilce" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கிரேக்கம் (நாடு)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="గ్రీస్ - Telugu dili" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గ్రీస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9sia" title="Grésia - Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Grésia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Юнон - Tacikçe" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Юнон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tacikçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B" title="ประเทศกรีซ - Tayca" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศกรีซ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%8D%E1%88%AA%E1%8A%AD" title="ግሪክ - Tigrinya dili" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ግሪክ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Dunanystan" title="Ýunanystan - Türkmence" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ýunanystan" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Türkmence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresya" title="Gresya - Tagalogca" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Gresya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalogca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junanyston" title="Junanyston - Talışça" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Junanyston" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talışça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalisi" title="Kalisi - Tonga dili" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Kalisi" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tonga dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gris" title="Gris - Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Gris" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Греция - Tatarca" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Греция" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece - Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Greece" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hela" title="Hela - Tvi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Hela" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Tvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Греция - Udmurtça" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Греция" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurtça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%90%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="گرېتسىيە - Uygurca" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="گرېتسىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uygurca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Греція - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Греція" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="یونان - Urduca" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یونان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urduca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gretsiya" title="Gretsiya - Özbekçe" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gretsiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Özbekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresa" title="Gresa - Venedikçe" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Gresa" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venedikçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grekanma" title="Grekanma - Veps dili" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Grekanma" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hy_L%E1%BA%A1p" title="Hy Lạp - Vietnamca" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hy Lạp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grieknland" title="Grieknland - Batı Flamanca" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Grieknland" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="Batı Flamanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grik%C3%A4n" title="Grikän - Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Grikän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grece" title="Grece - Valonca" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Grece" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Valonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresya" title="Gresya - Varay" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Gresya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girees" title="Girees - Volofça" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Girees" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Volofça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="希腊 - Wu Çincesi" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="希腊" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grisi" title="Grisi - Zosa dili" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Grisi" data-language-autonym="İsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Zosa dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AB%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="საბერძნეთი - Megrelce" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="საბერძნეთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Megrelce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="גריכנלאנד - Yidiş" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גריכנלאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yidiş" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%ADr%C3%AD%C3%ACs%C3%AC" title="Gíríìsì - Yorubaca" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Gíríìsì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yorubaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sihla" title="Sihla - Zhuangca" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Sihla" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuangca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griek%27nland" title="Griek&#039;nland - Zelandaca" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Griek&#039;nland" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zelandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%BD" title="ⴰⴳⵔⵉⴽ - Standart Fas Tamazigti" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⴳⵔⵉⴽ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standart Fas Tamazigti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="希腊 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="希腊" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98" title="希臘 - Edebi Çince" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="希臘" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Edebi Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi-lia%CC%8Dp" title="Hi-lia̍p - Min Nan Çincesi" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hi-lia̍p" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98" title="希臘 - Kantonca" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="希臘" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGreki" title="IGreki - Zuluca" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IGreki" data-language-autonym="İsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zuluca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan" title="İçerik sayfasını göster [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Madde</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Yunanistan" rel="discussion" title="İçerik ile ilgili tartışma [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Tartışma</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dil varyantını değiştir" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Türkçe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit" title="Bu sayfayı değiştir [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit" title="Bu sayfanın kaynak kodunu düzenleyin [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Kaynağı değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=history" title="Bu sayfanın geçmiş sürümleri [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Araçlar" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Araçlar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Araçlar</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Daha fazla seçenek" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Eylemler </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit" title="Bu sayfayı değiştir [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit" title="Bu sayfanın kaynak kodunu düzenleyin [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Kaynağı değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=history"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Genel </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SayfayaBa%C4%9Flant%C4%B1lar/Yunanistan" title="Bu sayfaya bağlantı vermiş tüm viki sayfalarının listesi [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sayfaya bağlantılar</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C4%B0lgiliDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler/Yunanistan" rel="nofollow" title="Bu sayfadan bağlantı verilen sayfalardaki son değişiklikler [k]" accesskey="k"><span>İlgili değişiklikler</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C3%96zelSayfalar" title="Tüm özel sayfaların listesi [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Özel sayfalar</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;oldid=34270666" title="Bu sayfanın bu revizyonuna kalıcı bağlantı"><span>Kalıcı bağlantı</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=info" title="Bu sayfa hakkında daha fazla bilgi"><span>Sayfa bilgisi</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:KaynakG%C3%B6ster&amp;page=Yunanistan&amp;id=34270666&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Bu sayfadan nasıl kaynak göstereceği hakkında bilgi"><span>Bu sayfayı kaynak göster</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FYunanistan"><span>Kısaltılmış URL'yi al</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FYunanistan"><span>Karekodu indir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Yazdır/dışa aktar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kitap&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Yunanistan"><span>Bir kitap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Yunanistan&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF olarak indir</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;printable=yes" title="Bu sayfanın basılmaya uygun sürümü [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Basılmaya uygun görünüm</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Diğer projelerde </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikinews.org/wiki/Kategori:Yunanistan" hreflang="tr"><span>Vikihaber</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Yunanistan" hreflang="tr"><span>Vikisöz</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Yunanistan" hreflang="tr"><span>Vikigezgin</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41" title="Veri havuzundaki ilgili ögeye bağlantı [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikiveri ögesi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Görünüm</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gizle</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28603389">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox geography vcard" style="font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org country-name">Yunanistan</div><div style="padding-top:0.25em; font-weight:normal;"><i>Ελληνική Δημοκρατία</i> (<a href="/wiki/Yunanca" title="Yunanca">Yunanca</a>)<br /><i>Ellinikí Dimokratía</i><br /><div style="display:inline" class="fn org country-name">Helen Cumhuriyeti</div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;padding:0.5em 0;"><div style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; width:58%; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yunanistan bayrağı"><img alt="Yunanistan bayrağı" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/125px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/188px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/250px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_bayra%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan bayrağı">Bayrak</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yunanistan arması"><img alt="{{{arma_açıklaması}}}" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="286" /></a></span></div> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_armas%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan arması">Arma</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="line-height:1.3em;" align="center"><b>Slogan</b><br /><span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><span title="Yunanca harf çevirisi" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none"><i>Elefthería i Thánatos</i></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Ya Özgürlük Ya Ölüm</i></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data marş"><div style="line-height:1.7em;" align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Mill%C3%AE_mar%C5%9F" title="Millî marş">Millî marş</a></b><br /><span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr"> Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><span title="Yunanca harf çevirisi" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none"><i>Ýmnos eis tīn Eleftherían</i></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zg%C3%BCrl%C3%BCk_Mar%C5%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Özgürlük Marşı">Özgürlük Marşı</a></i></span><br /><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="46" data-mwtitle="Hymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Hymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs=&quot;vorbis&quot;" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/Hymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga/Hymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AHymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga&amp;lang=el&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="el" label="Ελληνικά ‪(el)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AHymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga&amp;lang=en&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AHymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga&amp;lang=es&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AHymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga&amp;lang=fr&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fr" label="français ‪(fr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AHymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga&amp;lang=grc&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="grc" label="Ἀρχαία ἑλληνικὴ ‪(grc)‬" 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label="한국어 ‪(ko)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AHymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga&amp;lang=pt&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AHymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga&amp;lang=tr&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tr" label="Türkçe ‪(tr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AHymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga&amp;lang=uk&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3AHymn_to_liberty_instrumental.oga&amp;lang=vi&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32637432">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=tr:Yunanistan&amp;params=37_58_N_23_43_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Bu konum için haritalar, havadan fotoğraflar ve diğer veriler"><span class="latitude">37°58′K</span> <span class="longitude">23°43′D</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Bu konum için haritalar, hava fotoğrafı ve diğer veriler">37.967°K 23.717°D</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.967; 23.717</span></span></span></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resmî dil(ler)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yunanca" title="Yunanca">Yunanca</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resmî din <div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Ortodoksluk" title="Doğu Ortodoksluk">Doğu Ortodoksluk</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonim" title="Demonim">Demonim</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yunanlar" title="Yunanlar">Yunan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_siyaset" title="Yunanistan&#39;da siyaset">Hükûmet</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cniter_devlet" title="Üniter devlet">Üniter</a> <a href="/wiki/Parlamenter_cumhuriyet" title="Parlamenter cumhuriyet">parlamenter</a><br /><a 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href="/wiki/Yunan_%C4%B0syan%C4%B1" title="Yunan İsyanı">Yunan Bağımsızlık Savaşı</a>'nın başlangıcı </div></th><td class="infobox-data">25 Mart 1821</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Birinci_Helen_Cumhuriyeti" title="Birinci Helen Cumhuriyeti">Birinci Helen Cumhuriyeti</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1 Ocak 1822</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Londra_Protokol%C3%BC_(1830)" title="Londra Protokolü (1830)">Tanınma</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">3 Şubat 1830</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Anayasas%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan Anayasası">Mevcut anayasa</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">11 Temmuz 1975</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_co%C4%9Frafyas%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan coğrafyası">Yüzölçümü </a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;Toplam</div></th><td class="infobox-data">131.957 km<sup>2</sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/Y%C3%BCz%C3%B6l%C3%A7%C3%BCmlerine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Yüzölçümlerine göre ülkeler listesi">97</a>.)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;Su&#160;(%)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0,87</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_demografisi" title="Yunanistan demografisi">Nüfus</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;2021 tahminî</div></th><td class="infobox-data">10.682.547&#32;(<a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCfuslar%C4%B1na_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nüfuslarına göre ülkeler listesi">85.</a>.)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;2011&#160;sayımı</div></th><td class="infobox-data">10.816.286<sup id="cite_ref-ELSTAT_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ELSTAT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;Yoğunluk</div></th><td class="infobox-data">82/km<sup>2</sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCfus_yo%C4%9Funluklar%C4%B1na_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Nüfus yoğunluklarına göre ülkeler listesi">125</a>.)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gayri_safi_yurt_i%C3%A7i_has%C4%B1la" class="mw-redirect" title="Gayri safi yurt içi hasıla">GSYİH</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/Sat%C4%B1n_alma_g%C3%BCc%C3%BC_paritesi" title="Satın alma gücü paritesi">SAGP</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2023&#160;tahminî</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;Toplam</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$325,3 milyar<sup id="cite_ref-IMF_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/Sat%C4%B1n_alma_g%C3%BCc%C3%BC_paritelerine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Satın alma gücü paritelerine göre ülkeler listesi">55.</a>.)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;Kişi başına</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$30.495<sup id="cite_ref-IMF_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/Ki%C5%9Fi_ba%C5%9F%C4%B1na_sat%C4%B1n_alma_g%C3%BCc%C3%BC_paritelerine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Kişi başına satın alma gücü paritelerine göre ülkeler listesi">46.</a>.)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gayri_safi_yurt_i%C3%A7i_has%C4%B1la" class="mw-redirect" title="Gayri safi yurt içi hasıla">GSYİH</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:normal;">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2023&#160;tahminî</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;Toplam</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$209,86 milyar<sup id="cite_ref-IMF_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/Nominal_GSY%C4%B0H_de%C4%9Ferlerine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Nominal GSYİH değerlerine göre ülkeler listesi">50.</a>.)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;Kişi başına</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$19.673<sup id="cite_ref-IMF_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>&#32;(<a href="/wiki/Ki%C5%9Fi_ba%C5%9F%C4%B1na_nominal_GSY%C4%B0H_de%C4%9Ferlerine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Kişi başına nominal GSYİH değerlerine göre ülkeler listesi">42.</a>.)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gini_katsay%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Gini katsayısı">Gini</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:normal;">(2019)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="color: #0c0; font-size: larger;">▼</span>&#160;31.0<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33633371">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:orange">orta</span></span>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/wiki/Gelir_da%C4%9F%C4%B1l%C4%B1m%C4%B1na_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Gelir dağılımına göre ülkeler listesi">60.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nsani_Geli%C5%9Fme_Endeksi" title="İnsani Gelişme Endeksi">İGE</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:normal;">(2019)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="artış" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>&#160;0.888<sup id="cite_ref-UNHDR_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNHDR-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33633371"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">çok yüksek</span></span>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nsani_Geli%C5%9Fme_Endeksi%27ne_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="İnsani Gelişme Endeksi&#39;ne göre ülkeler listesi">32.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Para birimi</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Euro_simgesi" title="Euro simgesi">€</a>, EUR)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Zaman dilimi</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/E%C5%9Fg%C3%BCd%C3%BCml%C3%BC_Evrensel_Zaman" title="Eşgüdümlü Evrensel Zaman">UTC</a>+02:00</span> (<a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Avrupa_Saati" title="Doğu Avrupa Saati">DAS</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;Yaz&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Yaz_saati_uygulamas%C4%B1" title="Yaz saati uygulaması">YSU</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/E%C5%9Fg%C3%BCd%C3%BCml%C3%BC_Evrensel_Zaman" title="Eşgüdümlü Evrensel Zaman">UTC</a>+03:00</span> (<a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Avrupa_Yaz_Saati" title="Doğu Avrupa Yaz Saati">DAYS</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tarih formatı</th><td class="infobox-data">gg/aa/yyyy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sa%C4%9Fdan_ve_soldan_akan_trafik" title="Sağdan ve soldan akan trafik">Trafik akışı</a></th><td class="infobox-data">sağ</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Telefon kodu</th><td class="infobox-data">+30</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 kodu</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:GR" title="ISO 3166-2:GR">GR</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nternet_%C3%BCst_seviye_alan_adlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="İnternet üst seviye alan adları listesi">İnternet alan adı</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.gr" title=".gr">.gr</a><br />.ελ</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="noprint" style="padding:no; border:no; float:right; clear:right; margin-left:no;"> <div style="position: relative"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:000_Greqia_harta.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/000_Greqia_harta.PNG" decoding="async" width="366" height="350" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="366" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div style="position:absolute;left:18px;top:38px;"><small><b><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Flag_of_Albania.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/25px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/38px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/50px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:11px;top:52px;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Arnavutluk" title="Arnavutluk"><span style="color: black;">Arnavutluk</span></a></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:74px;top:10px;"><small><b><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/25px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/38px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/50px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:50px;top:22px;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Makedonya" title="Kuzey Makedonya"><span style="color: black;">Kuzey Makedonya</span></a></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:174px;top:2px;"><small><b><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/25px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/38px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/50px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:160px;top:16px;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Bulgaristan" title="Bulgaristan"><span style="color: black;">Bulgaristan</span></a></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:283px;top:135px;"><small><b><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/25px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/38px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/50px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:272px;top:150px;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" title="Türkiye"><span style="color: black;">Türkiye</span></a></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:3px;top:254px;"><small><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/65px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/98px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/130px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:2px;top:299px;"><b><span style="color: black;">Yunanistan</span></b></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:157px;top:172px;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:124px;top:71px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Selanik" title="Selanik">Selanik</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:160px;top:42px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Kavala" title="Kavala">Kavala</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:184px;top:60px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Ta%C5%9Foz" title="Taşoz">Taşoz</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:228px;top:53px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Dedea%C4%9Fa%C3%A7" title="Dedeağaç">Dedeağaç</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:219px;top:70px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Semadirek" title="Semadirek">Semadirek</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:0;top:101px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Korfu" title="Korfu">Korfu</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:1px;top:117px;"><small><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCmeni%C3%A7e" title="Gümeniçe">Gümeniçe</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:113px;top:107px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Larisa" title="Larisa">Larisa</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:58px;top:108px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Yanya" title="Yanya">Yanya</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:59px;top:173px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Patra" title="Patra">Patra</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:94px;top:184px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Korint" title="Korint">Korint</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:204px;top:290px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Kandiye" title="Kandiye">Kandiye</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:80px;top:200px;"><small><i><b><a href="/wiki/Mora_Yar%C4%B1madas%C4%B1" title="Mora Yarımadası">Mora<br />Yarımadası</a></b></i></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:10px;top:143px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Lefkada" title="Lefkada">Lefkada</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:3px;top:190px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Zante" title="Zante">Zante</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:180px;top:88px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Limni" title="Limni">Limni</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:213px;top:128px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Midilli_(ada)" title="Midilli (ada)">Midilli</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:211px;top:162px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Sak%C4%B1z_Adas%C4%B1" title="Sakız Adası">Sakız Adası</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:265px;top:185px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Sisam" title="Sisam">Sisam</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:205px;top:207px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Mikonos" title="Mikonos">Mikonos</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:254px;top:209px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Batnaz" title="Batnaz">Batnaz</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:181px;top:234px;"><small><a href="/wiki/De%C4%9Firmenlik,_Yunanistan" title="Değirmenlik, Yunanistan">Değirmenlik</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:165px;top:249px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Santorini" title="Santorini">Santoron</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:251px;top:233px;"><small><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stank%C3%B6y" title="İstanköy">Kos</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:269px;top:263px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Rodos" title="Rodos">Rodos</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:310px;top:258px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Meis" title="Meis">Meis</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:277px;top:282px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Kerpe_Adas%C4%B1" title="Kerpe Adası">Kerpe</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:268px;top:300px;"><small><a href="/wiki/%C3%87oban_Adas%C4%B1" title="Çoban Adası">Çoban</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:105px;top:258px;"><small><a href="/wiki/%C3%87uha_Adas%C4%B1" title="Çuha Adası">Çuha</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:170px;top:322px;"><small><a href="/wiki/Gavda" title="Gavda">Gavda</a></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:185px;top:268px;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Girit_Denizi" title="Girit Denizi"><span style="color:#09d;"><i>Girit Denizi</i></span></a></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:09px;top:208px;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0yon_Denizi" title="İyon Denizi"><span style="color:#0088dd;"><i>İyon</i></span></a></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:14px;top:223px;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0yon_Denizi" title="İyon Denizi"><span style="color:#0088dd;"><i>Denizi</i></span></a></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:238px;top:333px;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Akdeniz" title="Akdeniz"><span style="color:#0088dd;"><i>Akdeniz</i></span></a></b></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:192px;top:305px;"><small><i><b><a href="/wiki/Girit" title="Girit">Girit</a></b></i></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:143px;top:217px;"><small><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kiklad_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Kiklad Adaları"><span style="color:#999;">Kiklad Adaları</span></a></b></i></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:229px;top:247px;"><small><i><b><a href="/wiki/On_%C4%B0ki_Ada" title="On İki Ada"><span style="color:#999;">On İki Ada</span></a></b></i></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:02px;top:151px;"><small><i><b><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0yon_Adalar%C4%B1" title="İyon Adaları"><span style="color:#999;">İyon</span></a></b></i></small></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:01px;top:161px;"><small><i><b><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0yon_Adalar%C4%B1" title="İyon Adaları"><span style="color:#999;">Adaları</span></a></b></i></small></div> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Yunanistan</b> (<a href="/wiki/Yunanca" title="Yunanca">Yunanca</a>:&#160;<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Ελλάδα</span>, <small>Yunanca telaffuz:&#160;</small><span title="IPA Söylenişi" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:IPA" title="Yardım:IPA">[eˈlaða]</a></span>), resmî adıyla <b>Helen Cumhuriyeti</b> (eskiden <i>Hellas</i>, <a href="/wiki/Yunanca" title="Yunanca">Yunanca</a>:&#160;<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Ελληνική Δημοκρατία</span>, <small>Yunanca telaffuz:&#160;</small><span title="IPA Söylenişi" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:IPA" title="Yardım:IPA">[eliniˈki ðimokraˈti.a]</a></span>), Güneydoğu Avrupa'da bulunan bir ülkedir. Nüfusu 2022 itibarıyla yaklaşık 10,3 milyon olan ülkenin en büyük şehri ve başkenti <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a>'dır. Kuzeybatısında <a href="/wiki/Arnavutluk" title="Arnavutluk">Arnavutluk</a>, kuzeyinde <a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Makedonya" title="Kuzey Makedonya">Kuzey Makedonya</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Bulgaristan" title="Bulgaristan">Bulgaristan</a>, kuzeydoğusunda <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" title="Türkiye">Türkiye</a>, doğusunda <a href="/wiki/Ege_Denizi" title="Ege Denizi">Ege Denizi</a>, batısında <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0yon_Denizi" title="İyon Denizi">İyon Denizi</a>, güneyinde <a href="/wiki/Girit_Denizi" title="Girit Denizi">Girit Denizi</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Akdeniz" title="Akdeniz">Akdeniz</a> ile sınırlanan Yunanistan, Avrupa, Asya ve Afrika'nın kavşağında stratejik bir konumda yer almaktadır. </p><p>Uzun bir geçmişi olmasına rağmen modern Yunanistan, 1822 yılında kurulmuş bir ülkedir. Klasik Yunanistan'daki şehir devletleri, <a href="/wiki/Atina_demokrasisi" title="Atina demokrasisi">demokrasinin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_felsefesi" title="Batı felsefesi">Batı felsefesinin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_edebiyat%C4%B1" title="Batı edebiyatı">Batı edebiyatının</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarihyaz%C4%B1m%C4%B1" title="Tarihyazımı">tarihçiliğin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siyaset_bilimi" title="Siyaset bilimi">siyaset biliminin</a>, önemli bilimsel ve <a href="/wiki/Yunan_matemati%C4%9Fi" title="Yunan matematiği">matematiksel ilkelerin</a>, tiyatronun ve <a href="/wiki/Olimpiyat_Oyunlar%C4%B1" title="Olimpiyat Oyunları">Olimpiyat Oyunlarının</a> doğduğu yer olarak <a href="/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_medeniyeti" class="mw-redirect" title="Batı medeniyeti">Batı medeniyetinin</a> beşiği kabul edilir. Bu şehir devletleri, <a href="/wiki/II._Filip" title="II. Filip">II. Filip</a> tarafından fethedildikten sonra, <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_%C4%B0skender" class="mw-redirect" title="Büyük İskender">Büyük İskender</a>, ordularıyla Yunan uygarlığını Orta Doğu'ya getirerek daha sonra <a href="/wiki/Hristiyanl%C4%B1k" title="Hristiyanlık">Hristiyanlığın</a> ortaya çıkıp yayılacağı ortak kültürel alanı yarattı. M.Ö. ikinci yüzyılda <a href="/wiki/Roma_Cumhuriyeti" title="Roma Cumhuriyeti">Roma</a> tarafından <a href="/wiki/Roma_Yunanistan%C4%B1" title="Roma Yunanistanı">ilhak edilen</a> Yunanistan, <a href="/wiki/Roma_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Roma İmparatorluğu">Roma İmparatorluğu</a>'nun ve Yunan dili ve kültürünün baskın olduğu ardılı <a href="/wiki/Bizans_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Bizans İmparatorluğu">Bizans İmparatorluğu</a>'nun ayrılmaz bir parçası oldu. On beşinci yüzyılın ortalarında <a href="/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_Yunanistan%C4%B1" title="Osmanlı Yunanistanı">Osmanlı egemenliği</a> altına giren Yunanistan, 368 yıllık Osmanlı hâkimiyetinden sonra <a href="/wiki/Yunan_isyan%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunan isyanı">1822</a>'de modern bir <a href="/wiki/Ulus_devlet" title="Ulus devlet">ulus devlet</a> olarak ortaya çıktı. </p><p>Yunanistan üniter bir parlamenter cumhuriyettir. Ekonomisi, önemli bir bölgesel yatırımcı olduğu <a href="/wiki/Balkanlar" title="Balkanlar">Balkanlar</a>'ın en büyüğüdür. Birleşmiş Milletler'in kurucu üyesi olan Yunanistan, Avrupa Topluluklarına (<a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Avrupa Birliği">Avrupa Birliği</a>'nin öncüsü) katılan onuncu üyeydi ve 2001'den beri <a href="/wiki/Euro_b%C3%B6lgesi" title="Euro bölgesi">Euro bölgesi</a>'nin bir parçasıdır. Ayrıca, aralarında <a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Atlantik_Antla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1_%C3%96rg%C3%BCt%C3%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü">Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü</a> (NATO), <a href="/wiki/Ekonomik_%C4%B0%C5%9Fbirli%C4%9Fi_ve_Kalk%C4%B1nma_%C3%96rg%C3%BCt%C3%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekonomik İşbirliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü">Ekonomik İşbirliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü</a> (OECD), <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCnya_Ticaret_%C3%96rg%C3%BCt%C3%BC" title="Dünya Ticaret Örgütü">Dünya Ticaret Örgütü</a> (WTO), <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_G%C3%BCvenlik_ve_%C4%B0%C5%9Fbirli%C4%9Fi_Te%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Avrupa Güvenlik ve İşbirliği Teşkilatı">Avrupa Güvenlik ve İşbirliği Teşkilatı</a> (AGİT) ve <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Frankofoni_%C3%96rg%C3%BCt%C3%BC" title="Uluslararası Frankofoni Örgütü">Uluslararası Frankofoni Örgütü</a>'nün (OIF) de bulunduğu pek çok uluslararası kuruluşa üyedir. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimoloji">Etimoloji</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Etimoloji" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Etimoloji"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Yunanlar%C4%B1n_adlar%C4%B1" title="Yunanların adları">Yunanların adları</a></div> <p>Günümüzde <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" title="Türkçe">Türkçede</a> bu ülkeyi ve halkını tanımlamak için kullanılan Yunanistan ve Yunan kelimeleri <a href="/wiki/Arap%C3%A7a" title="Arapça">Arapça</a> (<span class="lang-ar" lang="ar" dir="ltr">اليونان</span>, <i>al-Yūnān</i>), <a href="/wiki/Fars%C3%A7a" title="Farsça">Farsça</a> (<span class="lang-fa" lang="fa" dir="ltr">یونان</span>, <i>Yūnān</i>) ve <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0branice" title="İbranice">İbranicede</a> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23029733">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-size:1.15em;font-family:"SBL Hebrew","SBL BibLit","Frank Ruehl CLM","Taamey Frank CLM","Ezra SIL","Ezra SIL SR","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey Ashkenaz","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 115%;" dir="rtl"><b>יוון</b></span>&#8206;, <i>Yavan</i>) de olduğu gibi Anadolu'da bulunan <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0yon_Uygarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="İyon Uygarlığı">İyonyalılar</a>'a atfen ortaya çıkmıştır ve Yakındoğu'daki Helenler'i ifade eder.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> İngilizce, Fransızca ve Almanca da dahil olmak üzere <a href="/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_Avrupa" title="Batı Avrupa">Batı Avrupa</a>'da konuşulan dillerde ise <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_%C4%B0talya" title="Güney İtalya">İtalya'nın güneyindeki</a> <a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Grek kolonilerine</a>'e atfen "Grek" (<span class="lang-grc" lang="grc" dir="ltr">Γραικοί</span>, <i>Graikoí</i>) ismi yaygınlaşmıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yunan kavimleri ve şehirleri kendilerini Helenler diye tanımlamıştır. Bugünkü Yunanistan'ın ismi de "Helen ülkesi" anlamında <a href="/wiki/Katarevusa" title="Katarevusa">Katarevusa</a>'da Hellás (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Ἑλλάς</span>) ve <a href="/wiki/Modern_Yunanca" title="Modern Yunanca">Modern Yunanca</a>'lda Elláda'dır (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Ελλάδα</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bununla birlikte Helenler, <a href="/wiki/Roma_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Roma İmparatorluğu">Roma</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Bizans_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Bizans İmparatorluğu">Bizans İmparatorluğu</a> döneminde kendilerini Romalı (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Ρωμιοί</span>, <i>Romioi</i>) olarak adlandırmışlar, <a href="/wiki/Sel%C3%A7uklu_Hanedan%C4%B1" title="Selçuklu Hanedanı">Selçuklular</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Osmanlı İmparatorluğu">Osmanlılar</a> tarafından bu yüzden Rum diye anılmışlardır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Helen ismi 1830'da Yunanistan'ın bağımsız bir devlet olarak kurulmasına kadar tarihe karışmış ve yeni kurulan devletin, köklerini doğrudan <a href="/wiki/Antik_Yunanistan" title="Antik Yunanistan">eski Yunan medeniyetine</a> dayandırdığından Hellas adını yeniden canlandırmıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tarihçe"><span id="Tarih.C3.A7e"></span>Tarihçe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Tarihçe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Tarihçe"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_tarihi" title="Yunanistan tarihi">Yunanistan tarihi</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tarih_öncesi_ve_Ege_uygarlıkları"><span id="Tarih_.C3.B6ncesi_ve_Ege_uygarl.C4.B1klar.C4.B1"></span>Tarih öncesi ve Ege uygarlıkları</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Tarih öncesi ve Ege uygarlıkları" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Tarih öncesi ve Ege uygarlıkları"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana maddeler: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neolitik_Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Neolitik Yunanistan (sayfa mevcut değil)">Neolitik Yunanistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pelasglar" title="Pelasglar">Pelasglar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kiklad_uygarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Kiklad uygarlığı">Kiklad uygarlığı</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minos_medeniyeti" title="Minos medeniyeti">Minos medeniyeti</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Miken_uygarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Miken uygarlığı">Miken uygarlığı</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Entrance_to_the_treasure_of_Atreus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Entrance_to_the_treasure_of_Atreus.jpg/180px-Entrance_to_the_treasure_of_Atreus.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Entrance_to_the_treasure_of_Atreus.jpg/270px-Entrance_to_the_treasure_of_Atreus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Entrance_to_the_treasure_of_Atreus.jpg/360px-Entrance_to_the_treasure_of_Atreus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Miken" title="Miken">Miken</a>'deki Atreus Hazinesi'nin (MÖ 13. Yüzyıl) girişi</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Herodotus_Massimo_Inv124478.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Herodotus_Massimo_Inv124478.jpg/130px-Herodotus_Massimo_Inv124478.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Herodotus_Massimo_Inv124478.jpg/195px-Herodotus_Massimo_Inv124478.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Herodotus_Massimo_Inv124478.jpg/260px-Herodotus_Massimo_Inv124478.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2130" data-file-height="2650" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Herodot" title="Herodot">Herodot</a> (<abbr title="yaklaşık">y.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8201;MÖ 484</span>—<span title="yaklaşık">y.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8201;MÖ 425</span>), çoğu zaman "tarihin babası" olarak kabul edilir</figcaption></figure> <table class="toc" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" width="30%" style="float:center; text-align:left;clear:all; margin-left:2px; font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <th bgcolor="#0f4d92" colspan="3" style="color:white">Uygarlıklar </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th width="50%">Uygarlık </th> <th width="50%">Dönem </th> <th width="50%">Merkez </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Miken_uygarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Miken uygarlığı">Miken</a></b></td> <td>MÖ 1600-1100</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mora_yar%C4%B1madas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Mora yarımadası">Mora</a><sup id="cite_ref-atlantik1967_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik1967-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Minos_uygarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Minos uygarlığı">Minos</a></b></td> <td>MÖ 2700-1500</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Girit" title="Girit">Girit</a><sup id="cite_ref-atlantik2010_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik2010-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Yunanistan'ın güneyindeki <a href="/wiki/Manya_Burnu" title="Manya Burnu">Manya</a>'daki <a href="/wiki/Apidima_Ma%C4%9Faras%C4%B1" title="Apidima Mağarası">Apidima Mağarası</a>'nın 200.000 yıl öncesine tarihlenen, Afrika dışındaki erken modern insanın en eski kalıntılarını içerdiği öne sürülür.<sup id="cite_ref-NAT-20190710_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAT-20190710-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ancak diğerleri kalıntıların <a href="/wiki/Arkaik_insanlar" title="Arkaik insanlar">arkaik insanları</a> temsil ettiğini öne sürer.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ta%C5%9F_Devri" title="Taş Devri">Taş Devri</a>'nin üç aşaması da Yunanistan'da örneğin <a href="/wiki/Franhti_Ma%C4%9Faras%C4%B1" title="Franhti Mağarası">Franhti Mağarası</a>'nda temsil edilir.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan'da, MÖ 7. binyıldan kalma <a href="/wiki/Cilal%C4%B1_Ta%C5%9F_Devri" title="Cilalı Taş Devri">neolitik</a> yerleşimler,<sup id="cite_ref-Borza_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Borza-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Avrupa'daki en eski yerleşimlerdir. Zira Yunanistan, tarımın <a href="/wiki/Yak%C4%B1n_Do%C4%9Fu" title="Yakın Doğu">Yakın Doğu</a>'dan Avrupa'ya yayıldığı güzergah üzerindedir.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan, MÖ 3200 civarında <a href="/wiki/Ege_Denizi" title="Ege Denizi">Ege Denizi</a> adalarında <a href="/wiki/Kiklad_uygarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Kiklad uygarlığı">Kiklad kültürüyle</a> başlayıp,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Girit'te <a href="/wiki/Minos_medeniyeti" title="Minos medeniyeti">Minos medeniyeti</a> (MÖ 2700–1500),<sup id="cite_ref-Frucht2004_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frucht2004-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-World_and_Its_Peoples_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_and_Its_Peoples-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ve ardından anakaradaki Miken uygarlığı (MÖ 1600–1100), Avrupa'daki ilk ileri medeniyetlerin bulunduğu yerdir ve Batı medeniyetinin doğduğu yer olarak kabul edilir.<sup id="cite_ref-World_and_Its_Peoples_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_and_Its_Peoples-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Duchesne2011_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duchesne2011-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BotticiChalland2013_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BotticiChalland2013-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bu medeniyetlerin kullandıkları çeşitli yazılar vardı; Minoslular <a href="/wiki/Linear_A" title="Linear A">Linear A</a> olarak bilinen şifresi çözülmemiş bir yazı kullanırdı ve Mikenliler <a href="/wiki/Yunanca" title="Yunanca">Yunancanın</a> onaylanmış en eski biçimini <a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a>'de yazardı.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Çağdaş <a href="/wiki/Hititler" title="Hititler">Hitit</a> ve Mısır kayıtları, Yunanistan anakarasında yerleşik bir "Büyük Kral"ın yönetimi altında tek bir devletin varlığını öne sürer.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tunç kullanan ve Yunanca konuşanlar MÖ 2.000 civarında geldi ve <a href="/wiki/Miken" title="Miken">Miken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tirins" title="Tirins">Tirins</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Navarin" title="Navarin">Pilos</a>'taki müstahkem saraylar etrafında günümüzde <a href="/wiki/Miken_uygarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Miken uygarlığı">Miken uygarlığı</a> olarak adlandırılan bir kültür gelişti.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-atlantik2008_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik2008-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Medeniyetleri MÖ 1200 civarında <a href="/wiki/Bronz_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1_%C3%87%C3%B6k%C3%BC%C5%9F%C3%BC" title="Bronz Çağı Çöküşü">Bronz Çağının Çöküşü</a> ile sona erdi ve bunu yüzyıllarca süren "<a href="/wiki/Yunan_Karanl%C4%B1k_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Yunan Karanlık Çağı">karanlık çağ</a>" izledi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-atlantik2010_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik2010-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bu dönemin sonunda, MÖ 800 civarında, şehir devletleri ortaya çıktı ve Yunanlar <a href="/wiki/Akdeniz" title="Akdeniz">Akdeniz</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Karadeniz" title="Karadeniz">Karadeniz</a> kıyılarındaki koloni kurmaya başladılar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-atlantik1967_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik1967-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antik_Yunanistan">Antik Yunanistan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Antik Yunanistan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Antik Yunanistan"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Antik_Yunanistan" title="Antik Yunanistan">Antik Yunanistan</a></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/Yunan_Karanl%C4%B1k_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Yunan Karanlık Çağı">Yunan Karanlık Çağı</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkaik_Yunanistan" title="Arkaik Yunanistan">Arkaik Yunanistan</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Klasik_Yunanistan" title="Klasik Yunanistan">Klasik Yunanistan</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klasik_dönem_(MÖ_776-323)"><span id="Klasik_d.C3.B6nem_.28M.C3.96_776-323.29"></span>Klasik dönem (MÖ 776-323)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Klasik dönem (MÖ 776-323)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Klasik dönem (MÖ 776-323)"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Parthenon.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Parthenon.JPG/220px-Parthenon.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Parthenon.JPG/330px-Parthenon.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Parthenon.JPG/440px-Parthenon.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a>'daki <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" class="mw-redirect" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a>, klasik dönemde yapılan binalardan biridir.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantik2008_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik2008-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Klasik_Yunanistan" title="Klasik Yunanistan">Klasik Yunanistan</a></div> <p>Miken uygarlığının çöküşü, yazılı kayıtların bulunmadığı <a href="/wiki/Yunan_Karanl%C4%B1k_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Yunan Karanlık Çağı">Yunan Karanlık Çağını</a> başlattı. Karanlık Çağların sonu geleneksel olarak ilk <a href="/wiki/Antik_Olimpiyat_Oyunlar%C4%B1" title="Antik Olimpiyat Oyunları">Olimpiyat Oyunlarının</a> yapıldığı M.Ö. 776 yılına tarihlenir.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Klasik dönem, <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a> ve diğer şehir devletlerinin büyük düşünürler ve sanatçılar yetiştirdiği ve dünyanın ilk demokrasilerini yarattığı <a href="/wiki/Atina%27n%C4%B1n_Alt%C4%B1n_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Atina&#39;nın Altın Çağı">altın çağdır</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantic2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bu dönem, <a href="/wiki/Akropolis" title="Akropolis">Akropolis</a> ve diğer büyük tapınakların inşa edildiği, <a href="/wiki/Sofokles" title="Sofokles">Sofokles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Eshilos" title="Eshilos">Eshilos</a> tarafından büyük trajedilerin yaratıldığı ve <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a> tarafından ünlü felsefe okullarının kurulduğu dönemdir.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantik2002_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik2002-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_edebiyat%C4%B1" title="Batı edebiyatı">Batı edebiyatının</a> temel metinleri olan <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0lyada" title="İlyada">İlyada</a></i> ve <i><a href="/wiki/Odisseia" title="Odisseia">Odisseia</a></i> 'nın M.Ö. 7. veya 8. yüzyıllarda <a href="/wiki/Homeros" title="Homeros">Homeros</a> tarafından yazıldığı sanılmaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_Odyssey_2003_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Odyssey_2003-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Şiir, <a href="/wiki/On_%C4%B0ki_Olimposlu" title="On İki Olimposlu">Olimposlu tanrılara</a> olan inançları şekillendirdi. Ancak <a href="/wiki/Antik_Yunanistan%27da_din" title="Antik Yunanistan&#39;da din">antik Yunan dininin</a> rahip sınıfı veya sistematik dogmaları yoktu ve Dionysos gibi popüler kültler, gizemler ve büyü gibi diğer akımları da kapsıyordu.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bu dönemde Yunan yarımadasında <a href="/wiki/Karadeniz" title="Karadeniz">Karadeniz</a> kıyılarına, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_%C4%B0talya" title="Güney İtalya">güney İtalya</a>'daki <a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a>'ya ve <a href="/wiki/Anadolu" title="Anadolu">Küçük Asya</a>'ya kadar uzanan krallıklar ve <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehir_devleti" title="Şehir devleti">şehir devletleri</a> ortaya çıktı. Bunlar, <a href="/wiki/Antik_Yunan_mimarisi" title="Antik Yunan mimarisi">mimaride</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antik_Yunan_tiyatrosu" title="Antik Yunan tiyatrosu">dramada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antik_Yunanistan" title="Antik Yunanistan">bilimde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yunan_matemati%C4%9Fi" title="Yunan matematiği">matematikte</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Antik_Yunan_felsefesi" title="Antik Yunan felsefesi">felsefede</a> ifade edilen, <a href="/wiki/Klasik_Yunanistan" title="Klasik Yunanistan">klasik Yunanistan</a>'da benzeri görülmemiş bir kültürel patlamayla sonuçlanan büyük bir refaha ulaştı. </p><p>MÖ 508'de <a href="/wiki/Kleisthenis" title="Kleisthenis">Kleisthenis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a>'da dünyanın ilk <a href="/wiki/Atina_demokrasisi" title="Atina demokrasisi">demokratik</a> hükûmet sistemini kurdu.<sup id="cite_ref-BKDunn1992_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BKDunn1992-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BKRaaflaud2007_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BKRaaflaud2007-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ancak, bu dönem aynı zamanda dolambaçlı siyaset, savaş ve kan dökülen bir dönemdi.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantic2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg/220px-The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg/330px-The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg/440px-The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1144" data-file-height="804" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Atina_Akropolisi" title="Atina Akropolisi">Atina Akropolisi</a>'ndeki <a href="/wiki/Partenon" title="Partenon">Partenon</a>, klasik Yunanistan'ın simgesidir.</figcaption></figure> <p>MÖ 500'e gelindiğinde <a href="/wiki/Ahameni%C5%9F_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Ahameniş İmparatorluğu">Pers İmparatorluğu</a>, Küçük Asya ve Makedonya'daki Yunan şehir devletlerine hükmediyordu.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Küçük Asya'daki Yunan şehir devletlerinin Pers yönetimini devirme girişimleri <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0yonya_Ayaklanmas%C4%B1" title="İyonya Ayaklanması">başarısız oldu</a> ve Persler MÖ 492'de <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27a_birinci_Pers_sald%C4%B1r%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan&#39;a birinci Pers saldırısı">Yunanistan anakarasındaki eyaletleri işgal etti</a> ancak MÖ 490'daki <a href="/wiki/Maraton_Muharebesi" title="Maraton Muharebesi">Maraton Muharebesi</a>'ndeki yenilginin ardından geri çekilmek zorunda kaldılar. Buna yanıt olarak Yunan şehir devletleri, <a href="/wiki/Truva_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Truva Savaşı">Truva Savaşı</a>'nın efsanevi birliğinden bu yana Yunan devletlerinin kaydedilen ilk birliği olan <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a> liderliğinde MÖ 481'de Helen Birliği'ni kurdular.<sup id="cite_ref-Waterfield2018_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waterfield2018-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fine1983_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fine1983-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Perslerin ikinci <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27a_ikinci_Pers_sald%C4%B1r%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan&#39;a ikinci Pers saldırısı">Yunanistan istilası</a> MÖ 480-79'da Yunanların <a href="/wiki/Salamis_Deniz_Muharebesi" title="Salamis Deniz Muharebesi">Salamis</a>'de ve <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stefe" title="İstefe">İstefe</a> yakınlarındaki <a href="/wiki/Platea_Muharebesi" title="Platea Muharebesi">Plataea</a>'da Pers ordusunu yenerek ortadan kaldırıldı ve Pers tehdidine son verildi.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantic2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bu, Perslerin sonunda tüm Avrupa topraklarından çekilmesine işaret ediyordu. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pers-Yunan_sava%C5%9Flar%C4%B1" title="Pers-Yunan savaşları">Yunan-Pers Savaşlarındaki</a> Yunan zaferleri tarihte çok önemli bir andır.<sup id="cite_ref-Strauss2005_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strauss2005-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sonrasındaki 50 yıllık barış, Batı medeniyetinin birçok temelini atan ufuk açıcı bir dönem olan <a href="/wiki/Atina%27n%C4%B1n_Alt%C4%B1n_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Atina&#39;nın Altın Çağı">Atina'nın Altın Çağı</a> olarak bilinir. </p><p>Bu zaferi, şehir devletlerinden <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a> ve <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stefe" title="İstefe">İstefe</a>'in iktidar için boğuştuğu bir dönem izledi.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantic2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Siyasi birliğin olmayışı Yunan devletleri arasında sık sık çatışmalara neden oluyordu. Yunanlar arası en yıkıcı savaş, <a href="/wiki/Attika-Delos_Deniz_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Attika-Delos Deniz Birliği">Atina İmparatorluğu</a>'nun çöküşüne ve <a href="/wiki/Sparta_hegemonyas%C4%B1" title="Sparta hegemonyası">Sparta</a> ve daha sonra Teb hegemonyasının ortaya çıkışına işaret eden <a href="/wiki/Peloponez_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Peloponez Savaşı">Peloponez Savaşı</a>'ydı (MÖ 431-404).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWorthington201542–43_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWorthington201542–43-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Atina ve Sparta arasındaki Peloponez Savaşı MÖ 431'de başladı ve Sparta'nın 27 yıl sonra Atina'yı boyun eğdirmesiyle sona erdi.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantic2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sparta, MÖ 371'de <a href="/wiki/Thebai_(Yunanistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thebai (Yunanistan)">Thebai</a> tarafından yenildi.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantic2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>MÖ 4. yüzyılda aralarındaki sürekli savaşlar nedeniyle zayıflayan Yunan <i>polisleri</i>, Helen Birliği olarak bilinen bir ittifakla Kral <a href="/wiki/II._Filip" title="II. Filip">II. Filip</a>'in yönetimindeki <a href="/wiki/Makedonya_(antik_krall%C4%B1k)" title="Makedonya (antik krallık)">Makedon krallığının</a> <a href="/wiki/Makedonya%27n%C4%B1n_Y%C3%BCkseli%C5%9Fi" title="Makedonya&#39;nın Yükselişi">yükselen gücüne</a> boyun eğdirildi.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bölünmüş ve zayıflamış şehir devletleri MÖ 338'de Makedonya Kralı <a href="/wiki/II._Filip" title="II. Filip">II. Filip</a> tarafından kolayca fethedildi.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantic2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> II. Filip, şehir devletlerini fethinden iki yıl sonra öldürüldü.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantik2002_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik2002-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33502344/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:boyut;max-width:792px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:199px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:280px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Alexander_and_Bucephalus_-_Battle_of_Issus_mosaic_-_Museo_Archeologico_Nazionale_-_Naples_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Alexander_and_Bucephalus_-_Battle_of_Issus_mosaic_-_Museo_Archeologico_Nazionale_-_Naples_BW.jpg/197px-Alexander_and_Bucephalus_-_Battle_of_Issus_mosaic_-_Museo_Archeologico_Nazionale_-_Naples_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="197" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Alexander_and_Bucephalus_-_Battle_of_Issus_mosaic_-_Museo_Archeologico_Nazionale_-_Naples_BW.jpg/296px-Alexander_and_Bucephalus_-_Battle_of_Issus_mosaic_-_Museo_Archeologico_Nazionale_-_Naples_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Alexander_and_Bucephalus_-_Battle_of_Issus_mosaic_-_Museo_Archeologico_Nazionale_-_Naples_BW.jpg/394px-Alexander_and_Bucephalus_-_Battle_of_Issus_mosaic_-_Museo_Archeologico_Nazionale_-_Naples_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1557" data-file-height="2213" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:589px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:280px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:MacedonEmpire.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/MacedonEmpire.jpg/587px-MacedonEmpire.jpg" decoding="async" width="587" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/MacedonEmpire.jpg/881px-MacedonEmpire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/MacedonEmpire.jpg/1174px-MacedonEmpire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1990" data-file-height="951" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Fetihleri <a href="/wiki/Helenistik_D%C3%B6nem" title="Helenistik Dönem">Helenistik Dönem</a>'e yol açan <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0skender" title="İskender">Büyük İskender</a></div></div></div></div> <p>Filip'in MÖ 336'da öldürülmesinin ardından, oğlu ve Makedonya kralı <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0skender" title="İskender">Büyük İskender</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ahameni%C5%9F_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Ahameniş İmparatorluğu">Pers İmparatorluğu</a>'na karşı bir <a href="/wiki/Yunan_milliyet%C3%A7ili%C4%9Fi" title="Yunan milliyetçiliği">Panhelenik</a> seferin başına geçti ve Pers imparatorluğunu ortadan kaldırdı. Savaşta yenilgiye uğramadan, MÖ 323'teki zamansız ölümüne kadar <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ndus_Nehri" title="İndus Nehri">İndus</a> kıyılarına doğru yürüdü.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0skender" title="İskender">İskender</a>, babası tarafından inşa edilen imparatorluğu Hindistan alt kıtasına kadar genişletti.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantik2002_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik2002-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Saltanatı, Yunan dili, dini ve kültürünün fethedilen topraklara yayılmasıyla birlikte Yunan kültürel hegemonya dönemini getirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantik2002_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik2002-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>MÖ 323'te ölümünden sonra, İskender'in generalleri imparatorluğu kendi aralarında bölerek Yunan dilini ve kültürünü antik dünyaya yayan ve Roma'nın Yunanistan'ı fethine kadar süren bir dizi <a href="/wiki/Helenistik_D%C3%B6nem" title="Helenistik Dönem">Helenistik</a> krallık yarattı.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantik2002_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik2002-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> İskender'in imparatorluğu <a href="/wiki/Helenistik_D%C3%B6nem" title="Helenistik Dönem">Helenistik Dönemi</a> başlatacak şekilde parçalandı. Kendi aralarındaki şiddetli çatışmaların ardından <a href="/wiki/Diadohoi" title="Diadohoi">İskender ve haleflerinden sonra gelen generaller</a>, <a href="/wiki/M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r" title="Mısır">Mısır</a>'daki <a href="/wiki/Ptolemaios_Hanedan%C4%B1" title="Ptolemaios Hanedanı">Ptolemaioslar</a> ve Suriye, <a href="/wiki/Mezopotamya" title="Mezopotamya">Mezopotamya</a> ve <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ran_platosu" title="İran platosu">İran</a>'daki <a href="/wiki/Selefk%C3%AE_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Selefkî İmparatorluğu">Seleukoslar</a> gibi fethettiği bölgelerde büyük kişisel krallıklar kurdular.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yunanların, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0skenderiye" title="İskenderiye">İskenderiye</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Antakya_(antik_kent)" title="Antakya (antik kent)">Antakya</a> gibi bu krallıkların yeni kurulan <i>polislerine</i>, yönetici bir azınlığın üyeleri olarak, <a href="/wiki/Grek%C3%A7e" title="Grekçe">Yunanca</a>'nın <i><a href="/wiki/Koini_Grek%C3%A7esi" title="Koini Grekçesi">koine</a></i> olarak bilinen yerel formunu takip eden yüzyıllarda yerleşmeleri sonucunda Yunan kültürü <a href="/wiki/Helenle%C5%9Ftirme" title="Helenleştirme">yayıldı</a>. Yunanlar ise Doğu tanrılarını ve kültlerini benimsediler.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yunan bilimi, teknolojisi ve matematiği Helenistik dönemde zirveye ulaştı.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Antik_Makedonlar" title="Antik Makedonlar">Makedonların</a> Antigonid krallarından özerkliklerini ve bağımsızlıklarını korumayı arzulayan Yunanistan'ın birçok <i>polisi</i> <i>koina</i> veya <i>sympoliteiai</i> (federasyonlar) halinde birleşirken, Doğu ile ekonomik ilişkiler kurulduktan sonra zengin bir <i>ineuergetai</i> tabakası iç yaşamına hakim oldu.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="toc" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" width="30%" style="float:left; text-align:center;clear:all; margin-left:2px; font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <th bgcolor="#0f4d92" colspan="3" style="color:white">Klasik dönem </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th width="50%">Olay </th> <th width="50%">Tarih </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>İlk <a href="/wiki/Antik_Olimpiyat_Oyunlar%C4%B1" title="Antik Olimpiyat Oyunları">Olimpiyatlar</a></b></td> <td>MÖ 776<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECline2010_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECline2010-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a>'da <a href="/wiki/Atina_demokrasisi" title="Atina demokrasisi">demokrasi</a></b></td> <td>MÖ 508 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Pers-Yunan_sava%C5%9Flar%C4%B1" title="Pers-Yunan savaşları">Pers-Yunan savaşları</a></b></td> <td>MÖ 500-479 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Atina%27n%C4%B1n_Alt%C4%B1n_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Atina&#39;nın Altın Çağı">Atina'nın Altın Çağı</a></b></td> <td>MÖ 480-404 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Peloponez_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Peloponez Savaşı">Peloponez Savaşı</a></b></td> <td>MÖ 431-404 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0skender" title="İskender">İskender</a>'in fetihleri</b></td> <td>MÖ 334-323 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0skender" title="İskender">İskender</a>'in ölümü</b></td> <td>MÖ 323 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roma_eyaleti_(MÖ_146_-_MS_4._yüzyıl)"><span id="Roma_eyaleti_.28M.C3.96_146_-_MS_4._y.C3.BCzy.C4.B1l.29"></span>Roma eyaleti (MÖ 146 - MS 4. yüzyıl)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Roma eyaleti (MÖ 146 - MS 4. yüzyıl)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Roma eyaleti (MÖ 146 - MS 4. yüzyıl)"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Roma_Yunanistan%C4%B1" title="Roma Yunanistanı">Roma Yunanistanı</a></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/Roma_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Roma İmparatorluğu">Roma İmparatorluğu</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:0142_-_Archaeological_Museum,_Athens_-_Antikythera_mechanism_-_Photo_by_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto,_Nov_11_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/0142_-_Archaeological_Museum%2C_Athens_-_Antikythera_mechanism_-_Photo_by_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_Nov_11_2009.jpg/220px-0142_-_Archaeological_Museum%2C_Athens_-_Antikythera_mechanism_-_Photo_by_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_Nov_11_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/0142_-_Archaeological_Museum%2C_Athens_-_Antikythera_mechanism_-_Photo_by_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_Nov_11_2009.jpg/330px-0142_-_Archaeological_Museum%2C_Athens_-_Antikythera_mechanism_-_Photo_by_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_Nov_11_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/0142_-_Archaeological_Museum%2C_Athens_-_Antikythera_mechanism_-_Photo_by_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_Nov_11_2009.jpg/440px-0142_-_Archaeological_Museum%2C_Athens_-_Antikythera_mechanism_-_Photo_by_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_Nov_11_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2120" data-file-height="1864" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Antikitera_d%C3%BCzene%C4%9Fi" title="Antikitera düzeneği">Antikythera mekanizmasınınnın</a> (MÖ 100 civarı) bilinen ilk mekanik analog bilgisayar olduğu kabul edilir (<a href="/wiki/Ulusal_Arkeoloji_M%C3%BCzesi_(Atina)" title="Ulusal Arkeoloji Müzesi (Atina)">Ulusal Arkeoloji Müzesi (Atina)</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p>Yaklaşık MÖ 200'den itibaren <a href="/wiki/Antik_Roma" title="Antik Roma">Roma Cumhuriyeti</a> Yunan işlerine giderek daha fazla karışmaya başladı ve <a href="/wiki/Makedon_Sava%C5%9Flar%C4%B1" title="Makedon Savaşları">Makedonya'yla bir dizi</a> savaşa girdi.<sup id="cite_ref-Flower_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flower-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Makedonya'nın MÖ 168'deki <a href="/wiki/Pidna_Muharebesi" title="Pidna Muharebesi">Pidna Muharebesi</a>'ndeki yenilgisi, Antigonid gücünün sona erdiğinin sinyalini verdi.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Romalılar, MÖ 146'da <a href="/wiki/Korint" title="Korint">Korint</a>'in yağmalanmasıyla Yunanistan'ın nihai kontrolünü ele geçirdikten sonra Yunanistan, <a href="/wiki/Roma_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Roma İmparatorluğu">Roma İmparatorluğu</a>'nun kültür merkezi haline geldi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReinhold_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReinhold-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Korint" title="Korint">Korint</a>, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCl_Sezar" title="Jül Sezar">Jül Sezar</a> altında görkemli bir şekilde yeniden inşa edildi ve büyük bir eyalet başkenti oldu.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReinhold_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReinhold-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Delfi" title="Delfi">Delfi</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Dodona" title="Dodona">Dodona</a> gibi kutsal yerler Romalı turistleri çekti ve ticaret gelişti.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReinhold_44-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReinhold-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Roma Yunanistanı Roma'nın yükselen gücü, Yunanistan'ın MÖ 146'da Korint'in yağmalanmasından sonra bir Roma eyaleti haline gelmesiyle sonuçlandı ve bunu görece bir sakinlik dönemi izledi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoedig-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>MÖ 146'da Makedonya Roma tarafından bir eyalet olarak ilhak edildi ve Yunanistan'ın geri kalanı Roma himayesi altına alındı.<sup id="cite_ref-Flower_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flower-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ward_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ward-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunan kültürünün ateşli hayranları olan Romalılar, oğullarını eğitim görmeleri için Atina'ya göndererek burayı bir kültür merkezi haline getirirken, Roma imparatorları şehre ve ülkenin diğer bölgelerine büyük anıtlar bağışladı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoedig-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Süreç, MÖ 27'de imparator <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>'un Yunanistan'ın geri kalanını ilhak etmesi ve burayı <a href="/wiki/Roma_eyaleti" title="Roma eyaleti">senato eyaleti</a> <a href="/wiki/Achaea" title="Achaea">Achaea</a> olarak oluşturmasıyla tamamlandı.<sup id="cite_ref-Ward_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ward-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Romalılar, askeri üstünlüklerine rağmen Yunan kültürüne hayran kaldılar ve ondan <a href="/wiki/Greko-Romen" title="Greko-Romen">büyük ölçüde etkilendiler</a>, bu nedenle <a href="/wiki/Horatius" title="Horatius">Horatius</a>'ın ünlü ifadesi şuydu: "Yunanistan, ele geçirilmiş olmasına rağmen, vahşi fatihini esir aldı".<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Homeros" title="Homeros">Homeros</a>'un destanları <a href="/wiki/Publius_Vergilius_Maro" title="Publius Vergilius Maro">Virgil</a>'in <a href="/wiki/Aeneis" title="Aeneis">Aeneis</a>'ine ilham kaynağı oldu ve Genç <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca">Seneca</a> gibi yazarlar Yunan üsluplarını kullanarak yazdılar. <a href="/wiki/Publius_Cornelius_Scipio_(M%C3%96_236%27da_do%C4%9Fan_prokons%C3%BCl)" title="Publius Cornelius Scipio (MÖ 236&#39;da doğan prokonsül)">Scipio Africanus</a> gibi Romalı kahramanlar felsefe okudu ve Yunan kültürünü ve bilimini takip edilecek bir örnek olarak gördüler. Benzer şekilde, çoğu <a href="/wiki/Roma_imparatoru" title="Roma imparatoru">Roma imparatoru</a>, doğası gereği Yunan olan şeylere hayrandı. </p><p>Hristiyanlık bu dönemde bölgeye tanıtıldı, <a href="/wiki/Pavlus" title="Pavlus">Pavlus</a> MS 49-61 döneminde bölgeyi dolaştı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoedig-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>İmparator <a href="/wiki/Neron" title="Neron">Neron</a> MS 66'da Yunanistan'ı ziyaret etti ve <a href="/wiki/Antik_Olimpiyat_Oyunlar%C4%B1" title="Antik Olimpiyat Oyunları">Antik Olimpiyat Oyunlarında</a> sahne aldı; <a href="/wiki/Hadrianus" title="Hadrianus">Hadrianus</a><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ise imparator olmadan önce Atina'nın baş arkhonu olarak görev yaptı.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bizans_Dönemi_(MS_323–MS_1453)"><span id="Bizans_D.C3.B6nemi_.28MS_323.E2.80.93MS_1453.29"></span>Bizans Dönemi (MS 323–MS 1453)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Bizans Dönemi (MS 323–MS 1453)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Bizans Dönemi (MS 323–MS 1453)"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Mosaic_of_Justinianus_I_-_Basilica_San_Vitale_(Ravenna).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Mosaic_of_Justinianus_I_-_Basilica_San_Vitale_%28Ravenna%29.jpg/150px-Mosaic_of_Justinianus_I_-_Basilica_San_Vitale_%28Ravenna%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Mosaic_of_Justinianus_I_-_Basilica_San_Vitale_%28Ravenna%29.jpg/225px-Mosaic_of_Justinianus_I_-_Basilica_San_Vitale_%28Ravenna%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Mosaic_of_Justinianus_I_-_Basilica_San_Vitale_%28Ravenna%29.jpg/300px-Mosaic_of_Justinianus_I_-_Basilica_San_Vitale_%28Ravenna%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1997" /></a><figcaption>Doğu Roma İmparatorluğ'nda İstanbul'un önemi nedeniyle 529'da İmparator <a href="/wiki/I._Justinianus" title="I. Justinianus">Justinianus</a>'un <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a>'daki akademileri kapatmasıyla <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a> hızla gerilemeye başladı.</figcaption></figure> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana maddeler: <a href="/wiki/Roma_Yunanistan%C4%B1" title="Roma Yunanistanı">Roma Yunanistanı</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Bizans_Yunanistan%C4%B1" title="Bizans Yunanistanı">Bizans Yunanistanı</a></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/Helenistik_D%C3%B6nem" title="Helenistik Dönem">Helenistik Dönem</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeni_Ahit%27in_lisan%C4%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yeni Ahit&#39;in lisanı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Yeni Ahit'in lisanı</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6rd%C3%BCnc%C3%BC_Ha%C3%A7l%C4%B1_Seferi" title="Dördüncü Haçlı Seferi">Dördüncü Haçlı Seferi</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Frankokrasi" title="Frankokrasi">Frankokrasi</a></div> <table class="toc" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" width="30%" style="float:left; text-align:center;clear:all; margin-left:2px; font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <th bgcolor="#0f4d92" colspan="3" style="color:white">Roma ve Bizans dönem </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th width="70%">Olay </th> <th width="30%">Tarih </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Roma hakimiyeti</b></td> <td>MÖ 146<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECline2010_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECline2010-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Hristiyanlık resmî din</b></td> <td>MS 380<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECline2010_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECline2010-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Son <a href="/wiki/Antik_Olimpiyatlar" class="mw-redirect" title="Antik Olimpiyatlar">Olimpiyat</a></b></td> <td>MS 393 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_ve_Bat%C4%B1_kiliselerinin_ayr%C4%B1lmas%C4%B1" title="Doğu ve Batı kiliselerinin ayrılması">Katolik-Ortodoks ayrılığı</a></b></td> <td>MS 1054 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Konstantinopolis_Ku%C5%9Fatmas%C4%B1_(1204)" title="Konstantinopolis Kuşatması (1204)">Konst. Kuşatması</a></b></td> <td>MS 1024 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul">İstanbul</a>'un fethi</b></td> <td>MS 1453 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>MS 323'te <a href="/wiki/Bizans_imparatorlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Bizans imparatorları listesi">İmparator</a> <a href="/wiki/I._Konstantin" title="I. Konstantin">Konstantin</a>, imparatorluk başkentini Bizans şehrine taşıdı ve adını <a href="/wiki/Konstantinopolis" title="Konstantinopolis">Konstantinopolis</a> olarak değiştirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoedig-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yakın zamanda din değiştiren biri olarak, Hristiyanlığı resmi devlet dini haline getirdi. Konstantin'in halefleri büyük kiliseler ve manastırlar inşa ettiler, ama aynı zamanda antik Yunan kültürünün, dininin ve felsefesinin son kıvılcımlarını da söndürdüler.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoedig-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Doğu Roma İmparatorluğu'nda İstanbul'un önemi nedeniyle Yunan dünyasının siyasî, dinî ve kültürel merkezi olmuş olan <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a> hızla gerilemeye başladı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoedig-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a>'daki Yeni Platonculuk Akademisi'nin 529'da İmparator <a href="/wiki/I._Justinianus" title="I. Justinianus">Justinianus</a> tarafından kapatılmasıyla <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a>, bir taşra kasabasına geriledi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoedig-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bizans_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Bizans İmparatorluğu">Bizans İmparatorluğu</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul">İstanbul</a> 1204'te <a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6rd%C3%BCnc%C3%BC_Ha%C3%A7l%C4%B1_Seferi" title="Dördüncü Haçlı Seferi">Haçlıların</a> eline geçene kadar Yunanistan'ı yönetti.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoedig-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bu Frank yağmacıları ve Venedikli müttefikleri, Yunan anakarasını ve adalarını aralarında bölerek çeşitli <a href="/wiki/Latin_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Latin İmparatorluğu">küçük krallıklar ve prenslikler</a> yarattı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoedig-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> İmparatorluk, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul">İstanbul</a>'u geri aldı ve 1259'da <a href="/wiki/Pelagonya" title="Pelagonya">Pelagonya</a>'da Frank prenslerini yendikten sonra Yunanistan anakarasının çoğunu geri aldı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoedig-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Osmanlı_ve_Venedik_Dönemi_(1453-1821)"><span id="Osmanl.C4.B1_ve_Venedik_D.C3.B6nemi_.281453-1821.29"></span>Osmanlı ve Venedik Dönemi (1453-1821)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Osmanlı ve Venedik Dönemi (1453-1821)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Osmanlı ve Venedik Dönemi (1453-1821)"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33502344/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:boyut;max-width:608px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader" style="text-align:left">Osmanlı Dönemi'nde Yunanistan'dan kareler</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:White_Tower_and_Beach_front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/White_Tower_and_Beach_front.jpg/300px-White_Tower_and_Beach_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/White_Tower_and_Beach_front.jpg/450px-White_Tower_and_Beach_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/White_Tower_and_Beach_front.jpg/600px-White_Tower_and_Beach_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Yunanistan'da Osmanlı Dönemi'ne dayanan ve günümüzde <a href="/wiki/Selanik" title="Selanik">Selanik</a>'in simgesi haline gelmiş <a href="/wiki/Beyaz_Kule" title="Beyaz Kule">Beyaz Kule</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Thessaloniki_Branch_(14739480617).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Thessaloniki_Branch_%2814739480617%29.jpg/300px-Thessaloniki_Branch_%2814739480617%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Thessaloniki_Branch_%2814739480617%29.jpg/450px-Thessaloniki_Branch_%2814739480617%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Thessaloniki_Branch_%2814739480617%29.jpg/600px-Thessaloniki_Branch_%2814739480617%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2481" data-file-height="1621" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Selanik'te <a href="/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_Bankas%C4%B1" title="Osmanlı Bankası">Osmanlı Bankası</a> şubesinin açılışını kutlayan kartpostal</div></div></div></div></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana maddeler: <a href="/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_Yunanistan%C4%B1" title="Osmanlı Yunanistanı">Osmanlı Yunanistanı</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Stato_da_M%C3%A0r" title="Stato da Màr">Stato da Màr</a></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/Fenerli_Rumlar" title="Fenerli Rumlar">Fenerli Rumlar</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Kandiye_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Kandiye Krallığı">Kandiye Krallığı</a></div> <p>13. yüzyılda doğudan yeni bir tehdit büyümeye başladı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Osmanlı Türkleri 1430'da <a href="/wiki/Selanik" title="Selanik">Selanik</a>'i ele geçirdi ve yirmi üç yıl sonra 1453'te <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul">İstanbul</a>'un çok önemli fethi <a href="/wiki/Bizans_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Bizans İmparatorluğu">Bizans İmparatorluğu</a>'nu sona erdirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gelecek 200 yıl boyunca <a href="/wiki/Venedik_Cumhuriyeti" title="Venedik Cumhuriyeti">Venedik Cumhuriyeti</a> ile anakara Yunanistan ve adalar üzerinde çatışan Osmanlı Devleti, <a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s" title="Kıbrıs">Kıbrıs</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Girit" title="Girit">Girit</a> sırasıyla 1571 ve 1670'te ele geçirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright2006_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright2006-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1571'de <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0spanyol_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="İspanyol İmparatorluğu">İspanyol</a> müttefikleri ile <a href="/wiki/Korint_K%C3%B6rfezi" title="Korint Körfezi">Korint Körfezi</a>'ndeki <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nebaht%C4%B1" title="İnebahtı">İnebahtı</a>'da bir Osmanlı donanmasını <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nebaht%C4%B1_Deniz_Muharebesi" title="İnebahtı Deniz Muharebesi">yok eden</a> Venedikliler, 1715'e gelindiğinde sadece <a href="/wiki/Korfu" title="Korfu">Korfu</a> ve <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0yon_Adalar%C4%B1" title="İyon Adaları">İyon Adaları</a>'nı elinde tutabildiler.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Millet_(Osmanl%C4%B1_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu)" title="Millet (Osmanlı İmparatorluğu)">Millet sistemini</a> uygulamış, dinlerini ve dillerini koruyan Yunanlar, Osmanlı topraklarının dünya ekonomisine entegrasyonu döneminde büyük bir tüccar ağı geliştirdiler.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Osmanlı İmparatorluğu">Osmanlı Devleti</a>, Yunanistan'ı aldığında <a href="/wiki/Millet_(Osmanl%C4%B1_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu)" title="Millet (Osmanlı İmparatorluğu)">Millet sistemini</a> uygulamış, dinlerini, dillerini, görünüşlerini değiştirmelerine zorlanmamıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tüccar Yunan seçkinleri, Osmanlı otoritesinin gerilemesi sürecinde Batı'dan gelen milliyetçilik ve liberalizm ruhunu Yunan topraklarına taşıdılar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bağımsızlık_ve_büyüme_(1821-1924)"><span id="Ba.C4.9F.C4.B1ms.C4.B1zl.C4.B1k_ve_b.C3.BCy.C3.BCme_.281821-1924.29"></span>Bağımsızlık ve büyüme (1821-1924)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Bağımsızlık ve büyüme (1821-1924)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Bağımsızlık ve büyüme (1821-1924)"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Nikolakis_Mitropoulos_raises_the_flag_with_the_cross_at_Salona_on_Easter_day_1821,_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Nikolakis_Mitropoulos_raises_the_flag_with_the_cross_at_Salona_on_Easter_day_1821%2C_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg/150px-Nikolakis_Mitropoulos_raises_the_flag_with_the_cross_at_Salona_on_Easter_day_1821%2C_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Nikolakis_Mitropoulos_raises_the_flag_with_the_cross_at_Salona_on_Easter_day_1821%2C_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg/225px-Nikolakis_Mitropoulos_raises_the_flag_with_the_cross_at_Salona_on_Easter_day_1821%2C_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Nikolakis_Mitropoulos_raises_the_flag_with_the_cross_at_Salona_on_Easter_day_1821%2C_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg/300px-Nikolakis_Mitropoulos_raises_the_flag_with_the_cross_at_Salona_on_Easter_day_1821%2C_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg 2x" data-file-width="562" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Nikolakis Mitropoulos, 1821'deki Paskalya bayramı'nda Salona'da haç sembollü bayrağı yükseltiyor.</figcaption></figure> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Yunan_%C4%B0syan%C4%B1" title="Yunan İsyanı">Yunan İsyanı</a></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/Birinci_Helen_Cumhuriyeti" title="Birinci Helen Cumhuriyeti">Birinci Helen Cumhuriyeti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan Krallığı">Yunanistan Krallığı</a> ve <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0kinci_Helen_Cumhuriyeti" title="İkinci Helen Cumhuriyeti">İkinci Helen Cumhuriyeti</a></div> <p>Osmanlı yönetimine karşı <a href="/wiki/Yunan_%C4%B0syan%C4%B1" title="Yunan İsyanı">Yunan Bağımsızlık Savaşı</a>, 1821'de başladı ve neredeyse on yıl sürdü.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Başarı, büyük ölçüde yabancıların müdahalesi sayesinde geldi. Fransa, Rusya ve İngiltere müdahale edip Osmanlı donanmasını Navarin'de batırana kadar Osmanlılar üstünlüğü ele geçirmeye yakın görünüyordu. 1821'de Osmanlılar yeni Yunan Cumhuriyeti'ne bağımsızlık vermeye zorlandı, ancak <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" title="Türkiye">Türkiye</a> batı, orta ve kuzey anakarasının çoğunu elinde tuttu.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bu dönem aynı zamanda tüm Yunan halkını tek bir bayrak altında toplamayı amaçlayan "<a href="/wiki/Megalo_%C4%B0dea" class="mw-redirect" title="Megalo İdea">Megalo İdea</a>"nın de başlangıcıydı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPollis1958_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPollis1958-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Cumhuriyetin ilk cumhurbaşkanı Kapodistrias, 1831'de suikasta uğradı ve <a href="/wiki/Birinci_Helen_Cumhuriyeti" title="Birinci Helen Cumhuriyeti">rejim</a> çöktü.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Büyük Güçler, <a href="/wiki/Bavyera_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Bavyera Krallığı">Bavyera</a> prensi <a href="/wiki/Otto_(Yunanistan_kral%C4%B1)" title="Otto (Yunanistan kralı)">Otto</a>'yu <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_h%C3%BCk%C3%BCmdarlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Yunanistan hükümdarları listesi">Helenlerin Kralı</a> olarak kabul ettirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Başkentini <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a>'ya taşıdı ve şehri büyük Neo-Klasik tarzda yeniden inşa etmeye başladı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1863'te liberal subaylar ve politikacılar tarafından devrilen Otto yerine Danimarka doğumlu <a href="/wiki/I._Yeoryos" title="I. Yeoryos">I. Yeoryos</a> Büyük Güçler tarafından atandı ve yönetim biçimi anayasal meşrutiyet olarak değiştirildi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sonraki yüzyılda Yunanistan, 1910'da başbakan seçilen <a href="/wiki/Eleftherios_Venizelos" title="Eleftherios Venizelos">Venizelos</a>'un başarılı siyaseti ile toprak ve nüfus bakımından iki katına yakın büyüdü.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="toc" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" width="30%" style="float:left; text-align:center;clear:all; margin:5px; font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <th bgcolor="#0f4d92" colspan="3" style="color:white">Bağımsızlık sonrası </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th width="70%">Olay </th> <th width="30%">Tarih </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Yunan_%C4%B0syan%C4%B1" title="Yunan İsyanı">Yunan İsyanı</a></b></td> <td>1821 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Navarin_Deniz_Muharebesi" title="Navarin Deniz Muharebesi">Navarin Savaşı</a></b></td> <td>1827 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Londra Konferansı</b></td> <td>1832 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Sava%C5%9Flar%C4%B1" title="Balkan Savaşları">Balkan Savaşları</a></b></td> <td>1912-13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Sevr_Antla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1" title="Sevr Antlaşması">Sevr Antlaşması</a></b></td> <td>1920 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Lozan_Antla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1" title="Lozan Antlaşması">Lozan Antlaşması</a></b></td> <td>1923 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Modernleşme 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında hız kazandı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Buharlı gemiler yelkenli gemilerin yerini almaya başladı ve ilk demiryolu 1869'da <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a> ile <a href="/wiki/Pire" title="Pire">Pire</a> arasında açıldı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ancak Yunan politikacılar için amaç, <a href="/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Osmanlı İmparatorluğu">Osmanlı İmparatorluğu</a>'nun elindeki toprakların kurtarılmasıydı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1917'de <a href="/wiki/Megali_%C4%B0dea" title="Megali İdea">Megali İdea</a>'nın (“Büyük Fikir”) destekçileri, Yunanistan'ın <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" title="Türkiye">Türkiye</a>'nin büyük etnik Rum nüfusa sahip bölgelerini ele geçirmesini istedi ve hatta <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul">İstanbul</a>'u yeniden fethetmeyi hayal etti.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPollis1958_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPollis1958-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ancak, <a href="/wiki/Anadolu" title="Anadolu">Anadolu</a>'nun Yunan işgali, Yunan tarih yazımında "<a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%9Fkomutanl%C4%B1k_Meydan_Muharebesi" title="Başkomutanlık Meydan Muharebesi">Anadolu Felaketi</a>" (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Μικρασιατική καταστροφή</span>, <i>Mikrasiatiki katastrofi</i>) olarak adlandırılan yenilgiyle sonuçlandı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPollis1958_51-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPollis1958-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bu yenilgi, Yunanistan'da <a href="/wiki/II._D%C3%BCnya_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="II. Dünya Savaşı">II. Dünya Savaşı</a>'na kadar devam eden bir istikrarsızlık dönemine yol açtı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Askerî yönetim, <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_h%C3%BCk%C3%BCmdarlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Yunanistan hükümdarları listesi">Kral</a> <a href="/wiki/II._Georgios" class="mw-redirect" title="II. Georgios">II. Georgios</a>'u ülkeyi terk etmeye zorladı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1924'te, <a href="/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Osmanlı İmparatorluğu">Osmanlılar</a>'dan kurtuluşun anma günü olarak kutlandığı 25 Mart günü Yunanistan'da cumhuriyet ilân edildi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yapılan seçimlerin ardından <a href="/wiki/Eleftherios_Venizelos" title="Eleftherios Venizelos">Venizelos</a> yönetime geldi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yakın_dönem:_İkinci_Dünya_Savaşı_ve_Yunan_İç_Savaşı"><span id="Yak.C4.B1n_d.C3.B6nem:_.C4.B0kinci_D.C3.BCnya_Sava.C5.9F.C4.B1_ve_Yunan_.C4.B0.C3.A7_Sava.C5.9F.C4.B1"></span>Yakın dönem: İkinci Dünya Savaşı ve Yunan İç Savaşı</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Yakın dönem: İkinci Dünya Savaşı ve Yunan İç Savaşı" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Yakın dönem: İkinci Dünya Savaşı ve Yunan İç Savaşı"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Metaxas-regime-greek-fascism.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Metaxas-regime-greek-fascism.png/250px-Metaxas-regime-greek-fascism.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Metaxas-regime-greek-fascism.png/375px-Metaxas-regime-greek-fascism.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Metaxas-regime-greek-fascism.png/500px-Metaxas-regime-greek-fascism.png 2x" data-file-width="703" data-file-height="445" /></a><figcaption>Yunanistan'daki <a href="/wiki/Ulusal_Gen%C3%A7lik_%C3%96rg%C3%BCt%C3%BC" title="Ulusal Gençlik Örgütü">Ulusal Gençlik Örgütü</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0oannis_Metaksas" title="İoannis Metaksas">İoannis Metaksas</a>'ı <a href="/wiki/Hitler_selam%C4%B1" title="Hitler selamı">Hitler selamı</a> ile karşılarlarken<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana maddeler: <a href="/wiki/Metaksas_Rejimi" title="Metaksas Rejimi">Metaksas Rejimi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_Mihver_Devletleri_taraf%C4%B1ndan_i%C5%9Fgali" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın Mihver Devletleri tarafından işgali">Yunanistan'ın Mihver Devletleri tarafından işgali</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Yunan_%C4%B0%C3%A7_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Yunan İç Savaşı">Yunan İç Savaşı</a></div> <p>Yoksul mülteciler 1923'te Türkiye'den Atina ve Selanik'e akın etti ve 1920'ler ve 1930'lar bir yoksulluk, yoksunluk ve siyasi kaos zamanıydı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1936'da General <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0oannis_Metaksas" title="İoannis Metaksas">İoannis Metaksas</a>, demokratik özgürlük pahasına bir miktar istikrar getiren otoriter bir <a href="/wiki/Metaksas_Rejimi" title="Metaksas Rejimi">4 Ağustos Rejimi</a>'ni (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Καθεστώς της 4ης Αυγούστου</span>, <i>Kathestós tis tetragtis Avgoústou</i>) kurdu.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBosworth2009_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBosworth2009-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan, 1940'ta <a href="/wiki/II._D%C3%BCnya_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="II. Dünya Savaşı">II. Dünya Savaşı</a> sırasında <a href="/wiki/Fa%C5%9Fist_%C4%B0talya_(1922-1943)" title="Faşist İtalya (1922-1943)">İtalyan</a> işgaline başarıyla direndi, ancak 1941'de <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Almanyas%C4%B1" title="Nazi Almanyası">Alman</a> birlikleri tarafından yenildi ve <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_Mihver_Devletleri_taraf%C4%B1ndan_i%C5%9Fgali" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın Mihver Devletleri tarafından işgali">işgal edildi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>İşgalin 1944'te sona ermesiyle rahatlayan Yunanistan'da, <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Yunanistan Silahlı Kuvvetleri">milliyetçi gruplar</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Demokratik_Ordusu" title="Yunanistan Demokratik Ordusu">komünistler</a> arasında çatışmalar başladı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Üç yıllık bir <a href="/wiki/Yunan_%C4%B0%C3%A7_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Yunan İç Savaşı">iç savaş</a> yaşandı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Savaş Yunanistan'ı yoksul, istikrarsız ve bölünmüş durumda bıraktı. Daha sonra siyasî istikrarsızlık baş gösterdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bu istikrarsızlıktan yararlanan bir grup ordu subayı, 1967'de hükûmeti devirdi ve "<a href="/wiki/1967-1974_Yunanistan_asker%C3%AE_cuntas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="1967-1974 Yunanistan askerî cuntası">Albaylar cuntası</a>" (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Χούντα των Συνταγματαρχών</span>, <i>Choúnta ton Syntagmatarchón</i>) olarak bilinen cemiyeti kurarak Kral II. Konstantin'i devirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Atina'da bir <a href="/wiki/Atina_Politeknik_Ayaklanmas%C4%B1" title="Atina Politeknik Ayaklanması">öğrenci ayaklanmasının</a> acımasızca bastırıldığı 1973 yılına kadar çok az direniş oldu. Diktatörlüğün Kıbrıs hükûmetine karşı <a href="/wiki/15_Temmuz_1974_Darbesi" class="mw-redirect" title="15 Temmuz 1974 Darbesi">darbeyi</a> desteklemesi, <a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s_Harekat%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Kıbrıs Harekatı">Kıbrıs Harekatına</a> ve adanın bölünmesine yol açtı ve Yunanistan'da rejimin çöküşüne yol açan siyasi bir krizi tetikledi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Monarşiyi geri getirmemeyi seçen bir <a href="/w/index.php?title=1974_Yunanistan_cumhuriyet_halkoylamas%C4%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1974 Yunanistan cumhuriyet halkoylaması (sayfa mevcut değil)">halkoylamasının</a> ardından 11 Haziran 1975'te demokratik ve <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Anayasas%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan Anayasası">cumhuriyetçi bir anayasa</a> ilan edildi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan, 1981'de <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Toplulu%C4%9Fu" class="mw-redirect" title="Avrupa Topluluğu">Avrupa Topluluğu</a>'na (şimdi <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Avrupa Birliği">Avrupa Birliği</a>) katıldı ve AT fonları, ülkenin altyapısının büyük ölçüde iyileştirilmesine yardımcı oldu.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Paket turizm de hızla yükseldi ve 1990'lar patlama yıllarıydı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ancak 2010 yılında, yıllarca sorumsuz borçlanma, ekonominin neredeyse çöküşüne yol açtı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hükûmet, alacaklılarına mali kurtarma için yalvarmak ve kamu harcamalarını kısmak zorunda kaldı ve bu da <a href="/wiki/2010-2012_Yunanistan_protestolar%C4%B1" title="2010-2012 Yunanistan protestoları">toplumsal huzursuzluğa</a> neden oldu; ancak on yıllık kemer sıkma politikasının ardından ekonomi toparlanma belirtileri göstermeye başladı. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coğrafya"><span id="Co.C4.9Frafya"></span>Coğrafya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Coğrafya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Coğrafya"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_co%C4%9Frafyas%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan coğrafyası">Yunanistan coğrafyası</a></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_depremler" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunanistan&#39;da depremler">Yunanistan'da depremler</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Greece_topo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Greece_topo.jpg/250px-Greece_topo.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Greece_topo.jpg/375px-Greece_topo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Greece_topo.jpg/500px-Greece_topo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1193" /></a><figcaption>Yunanistan'ın topoğrafik haritası</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Shipwreck_Beach_-_Western_coast_of_Zakynthos,_Greece_(12).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Shipwreck_Beach_-_Western_coast_of_Zakynthos%2C_Greece_%2812%29.jpg/250px-Shipwreck_Beach_-_Western_coast_of_Zakynthos%2C_Greece_%2812%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Shipwreck_Beach_-_Western_coast_of_Zakynthos%2C_Greece_%2812%29.jpg/375px-Shipwreck_Beach_-_Western_coast_of_Zakynthos%2C_Greece_%2812%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Shipwreck_Beach_-_Western_coast_of_Zakynthos%2C_Greece_%2812%29.jpg/500px-Shipwreck_Beach_-_Western_coast_of_Zakynthos%2C_Greece_%2812%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3968" data-file-height="2976" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Navagio" title="Navagio">Navagio</a> (<i>gemi enkazı</i>) körfezi, <a href="/wiki/Zante" title="Zante">Zante</a> (yunanca: Zakynthos) adası</figcaption></figure> <p>Yunanistan bir dağlar ve adalar ülkesidir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ülkedeki en büyük adalar sırasıyla <a href="/wiki/Girit" title="Girit">Girit</a>, <a href="/wiki/E%C4%9Friboz" title="Eğriboz">Eğriboz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Midilli_(ada)" title="Midilli (ada)">Midilli</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Rodos" title="Rodos">Rodos</a>'tur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kıta Yunanistan'ı, kuzeyde <a href="/wiki/Dinar_Alpleri" title="Dinar Alpleri">Dinar Alpleri</a>'nin bir uzantısı olan <a href="/wiki/Pindus_Da%C4%9Flar%C4%B1" title="Pindus Dağları">Pindus Dağları</a>'nın hakimiyetindedir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pindus, Yunanistan'ı yüksek yağış alan batı bölgesi ve az yağış alan doğu bölgesi olarak ikiye ayırır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Olympus_National_Park_30.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Olympus_National_Park_30.jpg/220px-Olympus_National_Park_30.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Olympus_National_Park_30.jpg/330px-Olympus_National_Park_30.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Olympus_National_Park_30.jpg/440px-Olympus_National_Park_30.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5400" data-file-height="3600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Olimpos_Da%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Olimpos Dağı">Olimpos Dağı</a></figcaption></figure> <p>En yüksek dağ, antik tanrıların efsanevi evi olan ve 2917 metre yüksekliğindeki <a href="/wiki/Olimpos_Da%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Olimpos Dağı">Olimpos Dağı</a>'dır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Diğer önemli sıradağlar, kuzeydeki <a href="/wiki/Rodoplar" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodoplar">Rodoplar</a> ve güneydeki <a href="/wiki/Peloponez" class="mw-redirect" title="Peloponez">Peleponez Dağları</a>'dır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Biri <a href="/wiki/Teselya" title="Teselya">Teselya</a>'da, diğeri <a href="/wiki/Orta_Makedonya" title="Orta Makedonya">Orta Makedonya</a>'da olmak üzere iki ana ova vardır.<sup id="cite_ref-coğ1_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coğ1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Su_kaynakları"><span id="Su_kaynaklar.C4.B1"></span>Su kaynakları</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Su kaynakları" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Su kaynakları"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Marathon-See_-_Staumauer_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Marathon-See_-_Staumauer_2011.jpg/220px-Marathon-See_-_Staumauer_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Marathon-See_-_Staumauer_2011.jpg/330px-Marathon-See_-_Staumauer_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Marathon-See_-_Staumauer_2011.jpg/440px-Marathon-See_-_Staumauer_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2088" data-file-height="1392" /></a><figcaption>1926'da inşa edilen barajın bulunduğu Maraton Gölü</figcaption></figure> <p>Yunanistan'ın ulaşıma elverişli nehiri yoktur; en uzun nehir kuzeydeki Aliakmonas'tır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Diğer başlıca nehirleri <a href="/wiki/Meri%C3%A7" title="Meriç">Meriç</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mesta_Karasu_Nehri" title="Mesta Karasu Nehri">Mesta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Struma_Nehri" title="Struma Nehri">Struma</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Vardar_Nehri" title="Vardar Nehri">Vardar</a>'dır.<sup id="cite_ref-coğ1_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coğ1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Drakolimni_Panorama_9s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Drakolimni_Panorama_9s.jpg/220px-Drakolimni_Panorama_9s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Drakolimni_Panorama_9s.jpg/330px-Drakolimni_Panorama_9s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Drakolimni_Panorama_9s.jpg/440px-Drakolimni_Panorama_9s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="486" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Epir_(b%C3%B6lge)" title="Epir (bölge)">Epirus</a>'ta, ağaç sınırının üzerindeki dağlarda bir göl</figcaption></figure> <p>Doğuda <a href="/wiki/Ege_Denizi" title="Ege Denizi">Ege Denizi</a>, güneyde <a href="/wiki/Akdeniz" title="Akdeniz">Akdeniz</a> ve batıda <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0yon_Denizi" title="İyon Denizi">İyon Denizi</a> ile sınırlanmış olan Yunanistan'ın orta ve güney kesimlerde <a href="/wiki/Zakkum" title="Zakkum">zakkum</a>, <a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C3%A7am" title="Kızılçam">kızılçam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mersin_(bitki)" title="Mersin (bitki)">mersin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defne" title="Defne">defne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Me%C5%9Fe" title="Meşe">meşe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zeytin" title="Zeytin">zeytin</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Ard%C4%B1%C3%A7" title="Ardıç">ardıç</a> ağaçlarının da yetiştiği <a href="/wiki/Akdeniz_iklimi" title="Akdeniz iklimi">Akdeniz iklimine</a> has <a href="/wiki/Maki" title="Maki">maki örtüsü</a> hâkim iken kuzey ve batıdaki yüksek alanlarda başta <a href="/wiki/Me%C5%9Fe" title="Meşe">meşe</a> olmak üzere <a href="/wiki/Il%C4%B1man_geni%C5%9F_yaprakl%C4%B1_ve_karma_ormanlar" title="Ilıman geniş yapraklı ve karma ormanlar">geniş yapraklı ormanlar</a> yer alır.<sup id="cite_ref-coğ1_53-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coğ1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27daki_ormanlar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki ormanlar (sayfa mevcut değil)">Ormanlık alanlar</a> ülke arazisinin yaklaşık beşte birini kaplar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adalar">Adalar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Adalar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Adalar"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Ionian_sea_islands,_pic6.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Ionian_sea_islands%2C_pic6.JPG/220px-Ionian_sea_islands%2C_pic6.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Ionian_sea_islands%2C_pic6.JPG/330px-Ionian_sea_islands%2C_pic6.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Ionian_sea_islands%2C_pic6.JPG/440px-Ionian_sea_islands%2C_pic6.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Yunan anakarası ve <a href="/wiki/Nydri" class="mw-redirect" title="Nydri">Nydri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lefkada" title="Lefkada">Lefkada</a>'dan görülen birkaç küçük ada</figcaption></figure> <p>Yunanistan'da tanıma bağlı olarak 1.200 ila 6.000 arasında <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_adalar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın adaları listesi">pek çok ada</a> vardır,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> bunların 227'sinde yerleşim vardır ve <a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1talararas%C4%B1_%C3%BClkeler_listesi#Bitişik_sınırı_olmayan_ülkeler" title="Kıtalararası ülkeler listesi">bitişik olmayan kıtalararası ülke</a> olarak kabul edilir. </p><p>En büyük ve en kalabalık adası Girit'tir. Anakaradan 60 m genişliğindeki Euripus Boğazı'yla ayrılan <a href="/wiki/E%C4%9Friboz" title="Eğriboz">Eğriboz</a> Adası Yunanistan'ın ikinci en büyük adasıdır. Onu <a href="/wiki/Midilli_(ada)" title="Midilli (ada)">Midilli</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Rodos" title="Rodos">Rodos</a> Adaları izler. </p><p>Yunan adaları geleneksel olarak şöyle gruplanır: Atina yakınlarındaki Saronik Körfezi'ndeki <a href="/wiki/Saron_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Saron Adaları">Saron Adaları</a>, Tavşan Adaları (Kiklatlar), Ege Denizi'nin ortasını kaplayan büyük adalar yığını, <a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Ege_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Kuzey Ege Adaları">Kuzey Ege Adaları</a>, Türkiye'nin batı kıyılarındaki adalar grubu, güneydoğuda Girit ile Türkiye arasında <a href="/wiki/On_%C4%B0ki_Ada" title="On İki Ada">On iki Ada</a>, Sporades, kuzeydoğu Euboea kıyılarında küçük ada grubu ve İyonya Denizi'nde anakaranın batısında yer alan İyon Adaları. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="İklim"><span id=".C4.B0klim"></span>İklim</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: İklim" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: İklim"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Greece_K%C3%B6ppen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Greece_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/240px-Greece_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Greece_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/360px-Greece_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Greece_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/480px-Greece_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="765" data-file-height="1062" /></a><figcaption>Yunanistan'ın Köppen İklim Türleri</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Ionian_sea_islands,_pic1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Ionian_sea_islands%2C_pic1.JPG/220px-Ionian_sea_islands%2C_pic1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Ionian_sea_islands%2C_pic1.JPG/330px-Ionian_sea_islands%2C_pic1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Ionian_sea_islands%2C_pic1.JPG/440px-Ionian_sea_islands%2C_pic1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lefkada" title="Lefkada">Lefkada</a>'da Akdeniz manzarası</figcaption></figure> <p>Yunanistan'da hâkim iklim büyük ölçüde <a href="/wiki/Akdeniz_iklimi" title="Akdeniz iklimi">Akdeniz iklimidir</a>: Yazları sıcak ve kurak, kışları ılık ve yağışlı geçer.<sup id="cite_ref-coğ1_53-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coğ1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kuzey ve iç kesimlerinde kışların daha sert geçtiği ülkede, kışın genellikle ılık, nemli, batı rüzgarlarının etkisi görülür.<sup id="cite_ref-coğ1_53-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coğ1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kuzeyden esen <a href="/wiki/Bora" class="mw-redirect" title="Bora">Bora</a> ise sıklıkla soğuk hava dalgalarına neden olur.<sup id="cite_ref-coğ1_53-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coğ1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yaz boyunca sıcaklık rüzgâr yönüne göre değişir: <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCzg%C3%A2r_y%C3%B6n%C3%BC" title="Rüzgâr yönü">Güneybatıdan</a> esen <a href="/wiki/Siroko" title="Siroko">Siroko</a>, sıcaklığı 40&#160;°C'nin üstüne çıkarabilirken <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCzg%C3%A2r_y%C3%B6n%C3%BC" title="Rüzgâr yönü">kuzeybatıdan</a> esen <a href="/wiki/Etezien" title="Etezien">Etezien</a> sıcaklığı ve <a href="/wiki/Nem" title="Nem">nem oranını</a> düşürür.<sup id="cite_ref-coğ1_53-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coğ1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yıllık ortalama yağış miktarı, <a href="/wiki/Pindus_Da%C4%9Flar%C4%B1" title="Pindus Dağları">Pindus Dağları</a>'nın etkisiyle genellikle batıdan doğuya ve kuzeyden güneye gittikçe azalır.<sup id="cite_ref-coğ1_53-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coğ1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yağış miktarının en yüksek olduğu kuzeybatıda yer alan <a href="/wiki/Korfu" title="Korfu">Korfu</a>'da 1320 milimetreyi bulan yıllık yağış, <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a>'da 400&#160;mm., <a href="/wiki/Girit" title="Girit">Girit</a>'te ise 640&#160;mm. civarındadır.<sup id="cite_ref-coğ1_53-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coğ1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hükûmet"><span id="H.C3.BCk.C3.BBmet"></span>Hükûmet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Hükûmet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Hükûmet"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="toc" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" width="30%" style="float:right; text-align:center;clear:all; margin-left:2px; font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <th bgcolor="#0f4d92" colspan="3" style="color:white">Yunan politikası terimleri </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th width="50%">Yer </th> <th width="50%">Önem </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maksimos_Evi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Maksimos Evi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Maksimos</a></b></td> <td>Başbakanlık makamı </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Yeoryos_%C3%87olako%C4%9Flu" title="Yeoryos Çolakoğlu">Çolakoğlu</a> hükûmeti</b></td> <td>İşbirlikçi/hain </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_siyaset" title="Yunanistan&#39;da siyaset">Yunanistan'da siyaset</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:EPP_Zagreb_Congress_in_Croatia,_20-21_November_2019_(49099472986)_(cropped3).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/EPP_Zagreb_Congress_in_Croatia%2C_20-21_November_2019_%2849099472986%29_%28cropped3%29.jpg/150px-EPP_Zagreb_Congress_in_Croatia%2C_20-21_November_2019_%2849099472986%29_%28cropped3%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/EPP_Zagreb_Congress_in_Croatia%2C_20-21_November_2019_%2849099472986%29_%28cropped3%29.jpg/225px-EPP_Zagreb_Congress_in_Croatia%2C_20-21_November_2019_%2849099472986%29_%28cropped3%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/EPP_Zagreb_Congress_in_Croatia%2C_20-21_November_2019_%2849099472986%29_%28cropped3%29.jpg/300px-EPP_Zagreb_Congress_in_Croatia%2C_20-21_November_2019_%2849099472986%29_%28cropped3%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1211" data-file-height="1726" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kiryakos_Mi%C3%A7otakis" title="Kiryakos Miçotakis">Kiryakos Miçotakis</a>, 2019'dan beri Yunanistan'ın başbakanıdır.</figcaption></figure> <p>Yunanistan <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cniter_devlet" title="Üniter devlet">üniter</a> bir <a href="/wiki/Parlamenter_sistem" title="Parlamenter sistem">parlamenter</a> <a href="/wiki/Cumhuriyet" title="Cumhuriyet">cumhuriyettir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/1967-1974_Yunanistan_asker%C3%AE_cuntas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="1967-1974 Yunanistan askerî cuntası">1967-74 askeri diktatörlüğünün</a> çöküşünün ardından 1975'te tanıtılan mevcut <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Anayasas%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan Anayasası">anayasa</a>, başlangıçta cumhurbaşkanına önemli yetkiler verdi, ancak 1986'da anayasada yapılan revizyonlar cumhurbaşkanlığı yetkilerini büyük ölçüde törensel hale getirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Devlet_ba%C5%9Fkan%C4%B1" title="Devlet başkanı">Devlet başkanı</a> olan <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_cumhurba%C5%9Fkan%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan cumhurbaşkanı">Cumhurbaşkanı</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tek_meclislilik" title="Tek meclislilik">tek kamaralı</a> <a href="/wiki/Yunan_Parlamentosu" title="Yunan Parlamentosu">Yunan Parlamentosu</a> (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Βουλή</span>, <i>Vouli</i>) tarafından seçilir ve beş yıllık iki dönem görev yapabilir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_ba%C5%9Fbakanlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Yunanistan başbakanları listesi">Başbakan</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCk%C3%BBmet_ba%C5%9Fkan%C4%B1" title="Hükûmet başkanı">hükûmetin başıdır</a> ve geniş yetkilere sahiptir, ancak yasama organının güvenini yönetebilmelidir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> İkincisi, tek kamaralı Yunan Parlamentosu, doğrudan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_se%C3%A7imler&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da seçimler (sayfa mevcut değil)">genel oyla</a> dört yıllığına seçilen 300 milletvekilinden oluşur; anayasayı değiştirme yetkisine sahiptir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Oy kullanmak zorunludur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_se%C3%A7imler&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da seçimler (sayfa mevcut değil)">Yunan seçim sisteminin</a> ayırt edici bir özelliği, görevdeki hükûmetlerin seçim yasasını kendi siyasi avantajlarına uyacak şekilde değiştirmesi uygulamasıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bununla birlikte, 2001'deki bir başka anayasa revizyonu turu, siyasi operasyonlarda daha fazla şeffaflık sağlayarak siyasi suistimallere karşı güvenceler getirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Geleneksel siyasetin birçok unsuru, özellikle de parti sisteminin kişilik temelli doğası Yunanistan'da kalmıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Partiler büyük ölçüde liderlerinin karizmasına bağlıdır ve himaye her düzeyde önemlidir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>21. yüzyılın başlarında başlıca siyasi partiler arasında <a href="/wiki/Yeni_Demokrasi" title="Yeni Demokrasi">Yeni Demokrasi</a> (Nea Dimokratia; ND), <a href="/wiki/Panhelenik_Sosyalist_Hareket" title="Panhelenik Sosyalist Hareket">Panhelenik Sosyalist Hareket</a> (PASOK), <a href="/wiki/Radikal_Sol_Koalisyon" title="Radikal Sol Koalisyon">Radikal Sol Koalisyon</a> (SYRIZA) ve <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Kom%C3%BCnist_Partisi" title="Yunanistan Komünist Partisi">Yunanistan Komünist Partisi</a> (KKE) vardı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kıdemli muhafazakar politikacı <a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Karamanlis" class="mw-redirect" title="Konstantinos Karamanlis">Konstantinos Karamanlis</a> tarafından kurulan Yeni Demokrasi, devletin gücünü sınırlamayı ve özel girişimleri ve piyasa ekonomisini teşvik etmeyi amaçlayan “neoliberal” politikaları sürekli olarak destekledi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> PASOK, bağımsız bir dış politikaya ve değiştirilmiş bir sosyalizm biçimine olan güçlü bağlılığını sürdürdü.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 168.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 166.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:New_Democracy_Party_Flag.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yeni Demokrasi (1974–)"><img alt="Yeni Demokrasi (1974–)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/New_Democracy_Party_Flag.jpg/250px-New_Democracy_Party_Flag.jpg" decoding="async" width="167" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/New_Democracy_Party_Flag.jpg/375px-New_Democracy_Party_Flag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/New_Democracy_Party_Flag.jpg/500px-New_Democracy_Party_Flag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Yeni_Demokrasi" title="Yeni Demokrasi">Yeni Demokrasi</a> (1974–)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 146.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 144.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Panellinio_Sosialistiko_Kinima_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panhelenik Sosyalist Hareket (PASOK) (1974–)"><img alt="Panhelenik Sosyalist Hareket (PASOK) (1974–)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Panellinio_Sosialistiko_Kinima_Logo.svg/217px-Panellinio_Sosialistiko_Kinima_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="145" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Panellinio_Sosialistiko_Kinima_Logo.svg/325px-Panellinio_Sosialistiko_Kinima_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Panellinio_Sosialistiko_Kinima_Logo.svg/433px-Panellinio_Sosialistiko_Kinima_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="716" data-file-height="496" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Panhelenik_Sosyalist_Hareket" title="Panhelenik Sosyalist Hareket">Panhelenik Sosyalist Hareket</a> (PASOK) (1974–)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 230.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 228.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:SYRIZA_logo_2020.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Radikal Sol Koalisyon (SYRIZA) (2012–)"><img alt="Radikal Sol Koalisyon (SYRIZA) (2012–)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/SYRIZA_logo_2020.svg/343px-SYRIZA_logo_2020.svg.png" decoding="async" width="229" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/SYRIZA_logo_2020.svg/515px-SYRIZA_logo_2020.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/SYRIZA_logo_2020.svg/686px-SYRIZA_logo_2020.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="697" data-file-height="305" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Radikal_Sol_Koalisyon" title="Radikal Sol Koalisyon">Radikal Sol Koalisyon</a> (SYRIZA) (2012–)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 119.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 117.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Logo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yunanistan Komünist Partisi (KKE) (1918–)"><img alt="Yunanistan Komünist Partisi (KKE) (1918–)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Logo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Greece.svg/176px-Logo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="118" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Logo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Greece.svg/264px-Logo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Logo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Greece.svg/352px-Logo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="276" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Kom%C3%BCnist_Partisi" title="Yunanistan Komünist Partisi">Yunanistan Komünist Partisi</a> (KKE) (1918–)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hukuk">Hukuk</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Hukuk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Hukuk"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_yarg%C4%B1_te%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan&#39;da yargı teşkilatı">Yunanistan'da yargı teşkilatı</a></div> <p>Yargı, esasen Kıta Avrupası'nda yaygın olan Roma hukuk sistemidir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> En yüksek iki mahkeme, hukuk ve ceza davalarına bakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan_Y%C3%BCksek_Mahkemesi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan Yüksek Mahkemesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Yüksek Mahkeme</a> (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Άρειος Πάγος</span>, <i>Áreios Págos</i>) (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Civil_and_Criminal_Court_of_Greece" class="extiw" title="en:Supreme Civil and Criminal Court of Greece">en</a>) ve yönetim anlaşmazlıklarından sorumlu olan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan_Dan%C4%B1%C5%9Ftay%C4%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan Danıştayı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Danıştay</a>'dır (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Συμβούλιο της Επικρατείας</span>, <i>Symvoúlio tis Epikrateías</i>) (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_State_(Greece)" class="extiw" title="en:Council of State (Greece)">en</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="İdari_bölümler"><span id=".C4.B0dari_b.C3.B6l.C3.BCmler"></span>İdari bölümler</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: İdari bölümler" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: İdari bölümler"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_idari_yap%C4%B1lanmas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın idari yapılanması">Yunanistan'ın idari yapılanması</a></div> <p>2011 yılında <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kallikratis_Plan%C4%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kallikratis Planı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Kallikratis Planı</a> adı verilen plana göre idari olarak yeniden düzenlenen Yunanistan, her birinin başkanı merkezi hükûmet tarafından atanan yedi <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_merkezi_olmayan_idareleri" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın merkezi olmayan idareleri">apokentroménes dioikíseis</a>'e ("merkezi olmayan yönetim") bölünmüştür.<sup id="cite_ref-idari_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-idari-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bu birimler ayrıca, önceki idari yapı altında var olan 13 coğrafi çapı (bölge) yansıtan 13 <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_b%C3%B6lgeleri" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın bölgeleri">periferiye</a> ("bölge") ayrılmıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-idari_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-idari-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yerel yönetimin bir sonraki düzeyinde, 74 <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_b%C3%B6lgesel_birimleri" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın bölgesel birimleri">perifereiakés enótites</a> ("bölgesel birim") bulunur.<sup id="cite_ref-idari_55-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-idari-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Son olarak, bu idari birimlerin en küçüğü 325 <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_belediyeleri" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın belediyeleri">dímoi</a>'dir ("belediye").<sup id="cite_ref-idari_55-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-idari-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div role="img" class="noresize" style="width: 800px; line-height: 1; text-align: center; background-color: #ffffff; position: relative;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Parliamentary_constituencies_of_Greece_map-blank.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Parliamentary_constituencies_of_Greece_map-blank.svg/800px-Parliamentary_constituencies_of_Greece_map-blank.svg.png" decoding="async" width="800" height="679" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Parliamentary_constituencies_of_Greece_map-blank.svg/1200px-Parliamentary_constituencies_of_Greece_map-blank.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Parliamentary_constituencies_of_Greece_map-blank.svg/1600px-Parliamentary_constituencies_of_Greece_map-blank.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1266" data-file-height="1074" /></a></span> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:719px; top:241px"><a href="/wiki/Atina_(il)" title="Atina (il)">Atina</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:718px; top:197px"><a href="/wiki/Attika_(idari_birim)" title="Attika (idari birim)">Attike</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:634px; top:249px"><a href="/wiki/Pire" title="Pire">Pire</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:687px; top:302px"><a href="/wiki/Pire" title="Pire">Pire</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:654px; top:64px"><a href="/wiki/Sel%C3%A2nik_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Selânik (il)">Selânik</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:472px; top:57px"><a href="/wiki/Evros" title="Evros">Evros</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:422px; top:67px"><a href="/wiki/Rodopi" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodopi">Rodop</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:387px; top:56px"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ske%C3%A7e_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="İskeçe (il)">İskeçe</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:352px; top:98px"><a href="/wiki/Kavala_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kavala (il)">Kavala</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:339px; top:52px"><a href="/wiki/Drama_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Drama (il)">Drama</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:299px; top:72px"><a href="/wiki/Serez_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serez (il)">Serez</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:246px; top:76px"><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1lk%C4%B1%C5%9F_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kılkış (il)">Kılkış</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:285px; top:133px"><a href="/wiki/Halkidiki" title="Halkidiki">Halkidiki</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:204px; top:87px"><a href="/wiki/Pella" title="Pella">Pella</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:205px; top:115px"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0matya" title="İmatya">İmatya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:226px; top:143px"><a href="/wiki/Pierya" title="Pierya">Pierya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:152px; top:97px"><a href="/wiki/Florina_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Florina (il)">Florina</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:128px; top:122px"><a href="/wiki/Kesriye_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kesriye (il)">Kesriye</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:174px; top:135px"><a href="/wiki/Kozana_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kozana (il)">Kozana</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:104px; top:182px"><a href="/wiki/Yanya_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yanya (il)">Yanya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:69px; top:212px"><a href="/wiki/Sesprotya" title="Sesprotya">Sesprotya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:39px; top:229px"><a href="/wiki/Korfu_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Korfu (il)">Korfu</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:86px; top:241px"><a href="/wiki/Preveze_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Preveze (il)">Preveze</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:137px; top:233px"><a href="/wiki/Narda_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Narda (il)">Narda</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:164px; top:197px"><a href="/wiki/T%C4%B1rhala_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tırhala (il)">Tırhala</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:147px; top:162px"><a href="/wiki/Grebene_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grebene (il)">Grebene</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:220px; top:191px"><a href="/wiki/Larisa_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Larisa (il)">Larisa</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:294px; top:217px"><a href="/wiki/Magnezya" title="Magnezya">Magnezya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:174px; top:227px"><a href="/wiki/Kardi%C3%A7e_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kardiçe (il)">Kardiçe</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:158px; top:260px"><a href="/wiki/Evritanya" title="Evritanya">Evritanya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:204px; top:266px"><a href="/wiki/Ftiotis" title="Ftiotis">Ftiotis</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:330px; top:274px"><a href="/wiki/E%C4%9Friboz_(b%C3%B6lgesel_birim)" title="Eğriboz (bölgesel birim)">Eğriboz</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:263px; top:313px"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B6otya_(b%C3%B6lgesel_birim)" title="Böotya (bölgesel birim)">Böotya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:204px; top:298px"><a href="/wiki/Fokida" title="Fokida">Fokida</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:138px; top:285px"><a href="/wiki/Etolya-Akarnanya" title="Etolya-Akarnanya">Etolya-Akarnanya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:58px; top:282px"><a href="/wiki/Lefkada_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lefkada (il)">Lefkada</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:32px; top:331px"><a href="/wiki/Kefalonya" title="Kefalonya">Kefalonya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:110px; top:387px"><a href="/wiki/Zanta" class="mw-redirect" title="Zanta">Zante</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:180px; top:339px"><a href="/wiki/Ahaya" title="Ahaya">Ahaya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:157px; top:366px"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0lia" title="İlia">İlia</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:227px; top:354px"><a href="/wiki/Korintya" title="Korintya">Korint</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:203px; top:395px"><a href="/wiki/Arkadya" title="Arkadya">Arkadya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:240px; top:376px"><a href="/wiki/Argolida" title="Argolida">Argolida</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:232px; top:443px"><a href="/wiki/Lakonya" title="Lakonya">Lakonya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:160px; top:421px"><a href="/wiki/Mesinya" title="Mesinya">Mesinya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:365px; top:588px"><a href="/wiki/Resmo_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Resmo (il)">Resmo</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:403px; top:607px"><a href="/wiki/Kandiye_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kandiye (il)">Kandiye</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:459px; top:606px"><a href="/wiki/La%C5%9Fit" title="Laşit">Laşit</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:391px; top:412px"><a href="/wiki/Kiklad_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Kiklad Adaları">Kiklad Adaları</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:542px; top:515px"><a href="/wiki/On_%C4%B0ki_Ada" title="On İki Ada">On İki Ada</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:314px; top:578px"><a href="/wiki/Hanya_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanya (il)">Hanya</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:487px; top:364px"><a href="/wiki/Sisam_(il)" title="Sisam (il)">Sisam</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:448px; top:310px"><a href="/wiki/Sak%C4%B1z_(il)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sakız (il)">Sakız</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:429px; top:210px"><a href="/wiki/Midilli_(il)" title="Midilli (il)">Midilli</a></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dış_ilişkiler"><span id="D.C4.B1.C5.9F_ili.C5.9Fkiler"></span>Dış ilişkiler</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Dış ilişkiler" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Dış ilişkiler"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrk-Yunan_ili%C5%9Fkileri" class="mw-redirect" title="Türk-Yunan ilişkileri">Türk-Yunan ilişkileri</a></div> <p>1952'de <a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Atlantik_Antla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1_%C3%96rg%C3%BCt%C3%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü">Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü</a>'ne (NATO), 1961'de <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Toplulu%C4%9Fu" class="mw-redirect" title="Avrupa Topluluğu">Avrupa Topluluğu</a>'nun (AK) ortak üyesi ve 1981'de tam üye olan Yunanistan, Batı sisteminin oluşturduğu kurumlara üyedir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tarihsel olarak, Yunan dış politikası bir dizi zıt kutup aracılığıyla daha iyi anlaşılabilir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1922'ye kadar Yunanistan, güneydoğu Avrupa'daki bölgesel statükodan memnun olmayan ve mümkün olduğunca çok sayıda Osmanlı Rumunu bünyesine katmak için genişlemeye çalışan revizyonist bir devletti.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bağımsız varlığının ilk yarısında Yunanistan'ın dış politikası, saldırgan dürtüleri ve ülkenin sınırlı kaynakları arasında tehlikeli bir dengeleme eylemiydi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1922'deki <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_Asya_felaketi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Küçük Asya felaketi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Küçük Asya felaketi</a>'nin ardından Yunanistan, bölgedeki sınırların zorla değiştirilmesine şiddetle karşı çıkan muhafazakar bir güç haline geldi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_g%C3%BC%C3%A7" title="Büyük güç">Büyük güçlerin</a> korumasına bağımlı küçük bir devlet olan Yunanistan, <a href="/wiki/Akdeniz" title="Akdeniz">Akdeniz</a>'deki baskın deniz gücü olan <a href="/wiki/Britanya_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Britanya İmparatorluğu">Britanya İmparatorluğu</a> ile <a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Avrupa" title="Doğu Avrupa">Doğu Avrupa</a>'daki baskın kara gücü olan <a href="/wiki/Rus_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Rus İmparatorluğu">Rus İmparatorluğu</a> arasında ikilemde kaldı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yunanistan'ın Akdeniz'de koruma gereksinimleri yüzünden Yunanistan, dış politikasını dinsel yakınlık duymuş olduğu <a href="/wiki/Rus_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Rus İmparatorluğu">Rusya</a>'dan çok <a href="/wiki/Britanya_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Britanya İmparatorluğu">Britanya İmparatorluğu</a>'na yöneltmesine neden olmuştur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1947'den sonra <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri">Amerika Birleşik Devletleri</a>, Akdeniz'deki baskın deniz gücü ve Yunanistan'ın hamisi olarak İngiltere'nin yerini aldı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> İngiltere ve ABD ile ittifak, Yunanistan'a, Balkan komşularıyla karşılaştırıldığında ülkenin liberal ve demokratik geleneklerinin güçlendirilmesi de dahil olmak üzere çeşitli tali faydalar sağladı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1950'lerden bu yana Yunanistan'ın ana dış politika sorunu, Yunanistan'ın <a href="/wiki/Ege" class="mw-redirect" title="Ege">Ege</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trakya" title="Trakya">Trakya</a> ve <a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s" title="Kıbrıs">Kıbrıs</a>'ta Helenizm'e karşı "doğudan gelen tehlike"dir (Türkiye).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yunan halkı, ABD ve Avrupa Birliği'nin Türkiye'yi dizginlemek için yeterli çabayı göstermediğini hissetse de Yunanistan, Türkiye nedeniyle Batı ittifakına daha da bağımlı hale gelmiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1989'da <a href="/wiki/So%C4%9Fuk_Sava%C5%9F" title="Soğuk Savaş">Soğuk Savaş</a>'ın sona ermesiyle <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCneydo%C4%9Fu_Avrupa" title="Güneydoğu Avrupa">Güneydoğu Avrupa</a>'nın en zengin ve en eski demokrasisi olan Yunanistan, ABD’nin Ortadoğu ve Kafkasya kadar önem atfettiği <a href="/wiki/Balkanlar" title="Balkanlar">Balkanlar</a>'da kendi nüfuz alanını yaratmaya girişti.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sınır değişikliklerinden korkan Yunanistan, eski <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavya" title="Yugoslavya">Yugoslavya</a>'nın parçalanmasına karşı çıkarak <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milosevi%C3%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="Slobodan Miloseviç">Slobodan Miloseviç</a>'in politikalarına destek verdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Son olarak, 1991'den beri Yunanistan, <a href="/wiki/Makedon_milliyet%C3%A7ili%C4%9Fi" title="Makedon milliyetçiliği">Makedon milliyetçiliğini</a> etkisiz hale getirmek için yalnız bir diplomatik politika izledi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan, Avrupa ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'ndeki müttefikleri ile ortaklığını yenilemeye çalışırken, özellikle 1999'dan sonra Türkiye'nin Avrupalılaşması ile bir angajman politikası benimsemiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ordu">Ordu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=19" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ordu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ordu"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Yunanistan Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Yunanistan Silahlı Kuvvetleri</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24028269">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0%;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="locmap noviewer thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:332px"><div style="position:relative;width:330px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Greece_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yunanistan üzerinde Yunanistan"><img alt="Yunanistan üzerinde Yunanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Greece_location_map.svg/330px-Greece_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Greece_location_map.svg/495px-Greece_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Greece_location_map.svg/660px-Greece_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1003" data-file-height="825" /></a></span><div class="od" style="top:31.532%;left:16.204%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="8. tümen"><img alt="8. tümen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:4px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Yanya" title="Yanya">8. tümen</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:22.973%;left:24.846%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="9. tümen"><img alt="9. tümen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:4px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Kozana" title="Kozana">9. tümen</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:12.387%;left:41.204%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="10."><img alt="10." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/5px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/10px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:4px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Serres" class="mw-redirect" title="Serres">10.</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:15.541%;left:62.654%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="12. tümen"><img alt="12. tümen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/8px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/16px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Dedea%C4%9Fa%C3%A7" title="Dedeağaç">12. tümen</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:8.784%;left:68.519%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="16. tümen"><img alt="16. tümen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/8px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/16px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Dimetoka" title="Dimetoka">16. tümen</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:14.414%;left:49.074%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="20."><img alt="20." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gold_pog.svg/8px-Gold_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gold_pog.svg/12px-Gold_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gold_pog.svg/16px-Gold_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Kavala" title="Kavala">20.</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:20.045%;left:28.704%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="1."><img alt="1." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Karaferye" title="Karaferye">1.</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:16.216%;left:27.315%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="2."><img alt="2." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/8px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/16px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Vodina" title="Vodina">2.</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:11.937%;left:58.333%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="29."><img alt="29." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/6px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/9px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:4px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCm%C3%BClcine" title="Gümülcine">29.</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:10.811%;left:66.667%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="50."><img alt="50." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/6px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/9px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:4px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Sofulu,_Yunanistan" title="Sofulu, Yunanistan">50.</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:57.432%;left:71.605%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="79. kolordu"><img alt="79. kolordu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/6px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/9px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:4px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Sisam" title="Sisam">79. kolordu</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:69.595%;left:75.309%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="80. kolordu"><img alt="80. kolordu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/6px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/9px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:4px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stank%C3%B6y" title="İstanköy">80. kolordu</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:87.613%;left:45.525%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="5. tümen"><img alt="5. tümen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:4px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Hanya" title="Hanya">5. tümen</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:28.604%;left:55.247%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="88. kolordu"><img alt="88. kolordu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/6px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/9px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:4px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Limni" title="Limni">88. kolordu</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:78.829%;left:82.407%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="95. kolordu"><img alt="95. kolordu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/8px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/16px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Rodos" title="Rodos">95. kolordu</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:48.649%;left:64.043%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="96. kolordu"><img alt="96. kolordu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/6px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/9px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:4px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Sak%C4%B1z_Adas%C4%B1" title="Sakız Adası">96. kolordu</a></small></div></div></div> <div class="od" style="top:38.288%;left:66.975%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="98. kolordu"><img alt="98. kolordu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/8px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/16px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:white"><small><a href="/wiki/Midilli_(ada)" title="Midilli (ada)">98. kolordu</a></small></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Greece_location_map.svg" title="Dosya:Greece location map.svg"> </a></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Yunanistan Silahlı Kuvvetleri muharebe birliği konumları</b><br />Lejand: kırmızı – piyade, yeşil – mekanize, sarı – zırhlı, mor – hava kuvvetleri<br />büyük raptiye – tümen, küçük raptiye – tugay</div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33502344/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:boyut;max-width:399px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Greek_frigate_Psara_(F454).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Greek_frigate_Psara_%28F454%29.jpg/180px-Greek_frigate_Psara_%28F454%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Greek_frigate_Psara_%28F454%29.jpg/270px-Greek_frigate_Psara_%28F454%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Greek_frigate_Psara_%28F454%29.jpg/360px-Greek_frigate_Psara_%28F454%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1362" data-file-height="785" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Deniz_Kuvvetleri" title="Yunanistan Deniz Kuvvetleri">Yunanistan Deniz Kuvvetleri</a> tarafından kullanılan Yunan yapımı <i>Psara</i> fırkateyni</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:213px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:AH-64A_Apache_Greek_Army_Stefanovikion_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/AH-64A_Apache_Greek_Army_Stefanovikion_2.jpg/211px-AH-64A_Apache_Greek_Army_Stefanovikion_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="211" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/AH-64A_Apache_Greek_Army_Stefanovikion_2.jpg/317px-AH-64A_Apache_Greek_Army_Stefanovikion_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/AH-64A_Apache_Greek_Army_Stefanovikion_2.jpg/422px-AH-64A_Apache_Greek_Army_Stefanovikion_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Hava_Kuvvetleri" title="Yunanistan Hava Kuvvetleri">Yunanistan Hava Kuvvetleri</a> tarafından kullanılan <a href="/wiki/Boeing_AH-64_Apache" title="Boeing AH-64 Apache">Boeing AH-64 Apache</a> helikopteri</div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33502344/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:boyut;max-width:358px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:187px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:HAF_F-16D_Falcon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/HAF_F-16D_Falcon.jpg/185px-HAF_F-16D_Falcon.jpg" decoding="async" width="185" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/HAF_F-16D_Falcon.jpg/278px-HAF_F-16D_Falcon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/HAF_F-16D_Falcon.jpg/370px-HAF_F-16D_Falcon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Hava_Kuvvetleri" title="Yunanistan Hava Kuvvetleri">Yunanistan Hava Kuvvetleri</a>‘nin ana muharebe uçağı <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon</a> bir hava gösterisi sırasında</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:167px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Hellenic_Army_-_LEO2A6HEL_-_7231.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Hellenic_Army_-_LEO2A6HEL_-_7231.jpg/165px-Hellenic_Army_-_LEO2A6HEL_-_7231.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Hellenic_Army_-_LEO2A6HEL_-_7231.jpg/248px-Hellenic_Army_-_LEO2A6HEL_-_7231.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Hellenic_Army_-_LEO2A6HEL_-_7231.jpg/330px-Hellenic_Army_-_LEO2A6HEL_-_7231.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Kara_Kuvvetleri" title="Yunanistan Kara Kuvvetleri">Yunanistan Kara Kuvvetleri</a>’nin <a href="/wiki/Leopard_2" title="Leopard 2">Leopard 2</a> A6 HEL tankı Atina'da geçit töreninde</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Yunan Silahlı Kuvvetleri, Yunan Ulusal Savunma Genelkurmay Başkanlığı (Yunanca: Γενικό Επιτελείο Εθνικής Άμυνας&#160;– ΓΕΕΘΑ) tarafından denetlenir ve sivil yetki <a href="/wiki/Ulusal_Savunma_Bakanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_(Yunanistan)" title="Ulusal Savunma Bakanlığı (Yunanistan)">Milli Savunma Bakanlığındadır</a>. Yunan silahlı kuvvetleri şu üç bölümden oluşur:<sup id="cite_ref-Agency_2013_p._991_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Agency_2013_p._991-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Kara_Kuvvetleri" title="Yunanistan Kara Kuvvetleri">Yunanistan Kara Kuvvetleri</a> (Ellinikos Stratos, ES)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Deniz_Kuvvetleri" title="Yunanistan Deniz Kuvvetleri">Yunanistan Deniz Kuvvetleri</a> (Elliniko Polemiko Navtiko, EPN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Hava_Kuvvetleri" title="Yunanistan Hava Kuvvetleri">Yunanistan Hava Kuvvetleri</a> (Elliniki Polemiki Aeroporia, EPA)</li></ul> <p>Ayrıca Yunanistan, denizde kolluk kuvvetleri, arama ve kurtarma ve liman operasyonları için <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Sahil_G%C3%BCvenlik_Te%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan Sahil Güvenlik Teşkilatı">Yunan Sahil Güvenlik</a> görevini sürdürür. Savaş sırasında donanmayı destekleyebilmesine rağmen, Yunan Sahil Güvenliği Denizcilik bakanlığına bağlıdır. </p><p>Yunan askerî personeli, 142.700'ü aktif, 221.350 yedek olmak üzere toplam 364.050 kişidir. Yunanistan, silahlı kuvvetlerde hizmet eden vatandaşların sayısına göre <a href="/wiki/Asker_say%C4%B1s%C4%B1na_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Asker sayısına göre ülkeler listesi">dünyada 28. sıradadır</a>. Zorunlu askeri hizmet Kara kuvvetlerinde dokuz ay, Donanma ve Hava kuvvetlerinde bir yıldır.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ayrıca, Stratejik olarak hassas alanlarda yaşayan 18 ila 60 yaş arasındaki Yunan erkeklerinin Ulusal Muhafızlarda yarı zamanlı olarak hizmet etmesi istenebilir. </p><p><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> üyesi olarak Yunan ordusunun NATO görevlerine katılımı asgari seviyede olmasına rağmen, ittifakın himayesindeki tatbikatlara ve konuşlandırmalara katılır.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan, ordusuna yılda 7 milyar ABD dolarının üzerinde veya GSYİH'nın yüzde 2,3'ünü harcar. Mutlak terimlerle ise <a href="/wiki/Savunma_harcamalar%C4%B1na_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Savunma harcamalarına göre ülkeler listesi">savunma harcamalarına göre ülkeler listesinde dünya 24.'sü</a>, kişi başına askeri harcamada dünya 7.'sidir ve NATO'da ABD'den sonra en üst ikinci sıradadır. Yunanistan, GSYİH'nın yüzde 2'si olan minimum savunma harcaması hedefini karşılayan veya geçen beş NATO ülkesinden biridir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekonomi">Ekonomi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=20" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ekonomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ekonomi"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_ekonomisi" title="Yunanistan ekonomisi">Yunanistan ekonomisi</a></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/Yunan_h%C3%BCk%C3%BBmeti_bor%C3%A7_krizi" title="Yunan hükûmeti borç krizi">Yunan hükûmeti borç krizi</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Historical_economic_growth_of_Greece.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Historical_economic_growth_of_Greece.jpg/220px-Historical_economic_growth_of_Greece.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Historical_economic_growth_of_Greece.jpg/330px-Historical_economic_growth_of_Greece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Historical_economic_growth_of_Greece.jpg/440px-Historical_economic_growth_of_Greece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1012" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>Yunanistan’da kişi başına düşen GSYİH kalkınma</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Greece_Product_Exports_(2019).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Graphical depiction of Greece&#39;s product exports in percent for 2019." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Greece_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg/290px-Greece_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Greece_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg/435px-Greece_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Greece_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg/580px-Greece_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="715" /></a><figcaption>Yunanistan ihracatlarının oransal temsili, 2019</figcaption></figure> <table class="toc" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" width="35%" style="float:right; text-align:center;clear:all; margin-left:2px; font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <th bgcolor="#0f4d92" colspan="4" style="color:white">Ekonomi istatistikleri </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th width="50%">Konu </th> <th width="50%">2019 </th> <th width="50%">2020 </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>İşsizlik oranı<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> (%)</b></td> <td>17,3</td> <td>16,9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Ulusal borç<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> (milyar $)</b></td> <td>442</td> <td>446 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Ulusal borç/GYSİH<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> (%)</b></td> <td>210</td> <td>201 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Turizm geliri<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> (milyar $)</b></td> <td>38,1</td> <td>14,8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Turizm geliri/GYSİH<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> (%)</b></td> <td>20,3</td> <td>8,7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Turist sayısı<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> (milyon)</b></td> <td>25</td> <td>7,4 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Genellikle "yüksek gelirli" olarak tanımlanan Yunanistan, Avrupa Birliği'nde en az gelişmiş ekonomilerden biri olarak kalmıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2021 yılına gelindiğinde Yunanistan'ın kişi başına geliri, <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Avrupa Birliği">Avrupa Birliği</a> ortalamasının %51'ine denk gelmektedir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunan ekonomik büyümesi geleneksel olarak çoğunlukla endüstri ve tarım dışı sektörlere dayanır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yunan devleti, üretime yatırım yapmak için bazı teşvikler sağlamaya çalıştı ama pek başarılı olamadı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Militan sendikalar, esnek olmayan Yunan işgücü piyasası, küçük iç pazar, artan dış rekabet, hantal rejim, bürokrasi, artan çevresel hassasiyetler ve ülkedeki ekonomik istikrarsızlık sanayi gelişiminin önündeki büyük engellerdir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Avrupa Birliği">Avrupa Birliği</a>'nin <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi%27nin_Ortak_Tar%C4%B1m_Politikas%C4%B1" title="Avrupa Birliği&#39;nin Ortak Tarım Politikası">Ortak Tarım Politikası</a>'ndan büyük ölçüde yararlanmış olan Yunanistan tarım sektörü yine de gelişmemiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Arazinin dağlık olması ve yazların kurak geçmesi Yunanistan'da tarımın başlıca engelleridir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Birim alandan alınan <a href="/wiki/Toprak_verimlili%C4%9Fi" title="Toprak verimliliği">verim</a> düşüktür.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nakliye, turizm ve yurt dışındaki işçilerin gönderdiği döviz, ekonominin temel dayanaklarıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> En büyük işveren, tam sayı bilinmemekle birlikte yaklaşık 700.000 kişiye veya işgücünün %15'ine istihdam sağlayan kamu sektörüdür. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Borç_krizi_(2010-2018)"><span id="Bor.C3.A7_krizi_.282010-2018.29"></span>Borç krizi (2010-2018)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=21" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Borç krizi (2010-2018)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Borç krizi (2010-2018)"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yunanistan dış gelirlerinde büyük açık veren bir ülkedir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0hracat" title="İhracat">İhracatın</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0thalat" title="İthalat">ithalatın</a> yalnızca %40'ını karşıladığı ülkede <a href="/wiki/Devlet_harcamalar%C4%B1" title="Devlet harcamaları">kamu harcamalarında</a> israf, <a href="/wiki/Vergi_ka%C3%A7%C4%B1rma" title="Vergi kaçırma">vergi kaçırma</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-atlantik2010_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik2010-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Yolsuzluk" title="Yolsuzluk">yolsuzluk</a> ve borçlanma başlıca yapısal sorunlardır.<sup id="cite_ref-summers2015_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-summers2015-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2010 yılı sonunda <a href="/wiki/Yunan_h%C3%BCk%C3%BBmeti_bor%C3%A7_krizi" title="Yunan hükûmeti borç krizi">iflâsın eşiğine</a> gelen ekonomi, <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Avrupa Birliği">Avrupa Birliği</a> ve IMF'nin yaklaşık 300 milyar Avroluk (346 milyar $) maddî desteğiyle canlandırılmaya çalışılmaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-wpost2015_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wpost2015-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kurtarma programlarıyla bağlantılı olarak uygulamaya konulan kemer sıkma politikaları nedeniyle Yunanistan'ın GSYİH'sında 2008-2018 arasında %25'lik bir düşüş oldu.<sup id="cite_ref-galbraith2018_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-galbraith2018-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-donadio2019_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-donadio2019-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right:auto; width:100%; max-width:1208px;"> <div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Corfu_Town_R02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki turizm merkezlerinden biri olan Korfu şehrinin panoraması"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Corfu_Town_R02.jpg/1200px-Corfu_Town_R02.jpg" decoding="async" width="1200" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Corfu_Town_R02.jpg/1800px-Corfu_Town_R02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Corfu_Town_R02.jpg/2400px-Corfu_Town_R02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8999" data-file-height="1835" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Corfu_Town_R02.jpg" title="Büyüt"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Magnify-clip.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="11" /></a></span></div>Yunanistan'daki turizm merkezlerinden biri olan <a href="/wiki/Korfu" title="Korfu">Korfu</a> şehrinin panoraması</div> </div></div> <p>Savaşlar arası dönemde <a href="/wiki/Anadolu" title="Anadolu">Anadolu</a>'dan gelen mülteci akını, ihtiyaç duyulan vasıflı ve ucuz işgücünü sağlayarak ve iç talebi genişleterek sanayileşmeyi hızlandırdı.<sup id="cite_ref-wpost2015_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wpost2015-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunan sanayisi 1950'lerde ve 1960'larda İç savaştan sonra müdahaleci devlet, kentleşme, korumacılık, uygun vergi mevzuatı ve az sendikalaşma ile arttı.<sup id="cite_ref-wpost2015_66-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wpost2015-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ama 1970'lerdeki dünyadaki ekonomik kriz, 1974'te cuntanın devrilmesinin ardından artan emek talebi, Yunanistan'ın 1981'de Avrupa Topluluğu'na (AK) girmesinden sonra korumacılığın sona ermesi ve 1981'den sonra sosyalist ekonominin kötü yönetimi nedenlerle Yunanistan'da ekonomik krize yol açtı.<sup id="cite_ref-wpost2015_66-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wpost2015-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1981 ile 2008 arasında 150 milyar dolara yakın Avrupa Birliği fonu alan Yunanistan'ın ekonomisi bu dönemde hızla büyüdü.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETsalicoglou1994_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETsalicoglou1994-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-faiola2015_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faiola2015-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Fakat, Avrupa Birliği fonlarının verimsiz Yunan devleti aracılığıyla harcanması, genellikle yolsuzluğu beslemiş ve yerel reformların aciliyetini azalttı.<sup id="cite_ref-arnade2015_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arnade2015-71"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan'ın Euro'ya geçmesi ülke için büyük nimet oldu.<sup id="cite_ref-obrien2012_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obrien2012-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 30 yıllık enflasyonist politika ve yumuşak paradan sonra Yunanistan, güçlü bir para birimi elde etti ve avronun getirdiği düşük faiz oranlarından yararlandı.<sup id="cite_ref-obrien2012_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obrien2012-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Euro ile beraber tahvil piyasaları artık yüksek enflasyon veya devalüasyon konusunda endişelendirmiyordu. Daha az faiz oranlarının yol açtığı kredi patlaması, harcama savurganlığını teşvik etti.<sup id="cite_ref-obrien2012_72-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obrien2012-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ancak güçlü GSYİH büyümesi, kamu maliyesinin altında yatan zayıflığı maskeledi.<sup id="cite_ref-thompson2011_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thompson2011-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kamu borç oranı düştü, ancak bunun nedeni nakit olarak GSYİH'nın borçtan daha hızlı büyümesiydi.<sup id="cite_ref-atlantik2017_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlantik2017-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Büyük bütçe açıkları devam etti.<sup id="cite_ref-thompson2011_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thompson2011-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan, Euro'ya güvenli şekilde girdikten sonra, gerçekten de mali kontrolü gevşeten Yunanistan, 2003'ten beri büyük bütçe açıkları vermeye başladı.<sup id="cite_ref-thompson2011_73-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thompson2011-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yunanistan'ın enflasyon oranı Euro bölgesi ortalamasının üzerinde kalmasına ve ülkenin rekabet gücüne zarar vermesiyle sonuçlandı.<sup id="cite_ref-thompson2011_73-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thompson2011-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tarım"><span id="Tar.C4.B1m"></span>Tarım</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=22" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Tarım" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Tarım"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Zante_currant_drying_in_Tsilivi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Zante_currant_drying_in_Tsilivi.jpg/220px-Zante_currant_drying_in_Tsilivi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Zante_currant_drying_in_Tsilivi.jpg/330px-Zante_currant_drying_in_Tsilivi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Zante_currant_drying_in_Tsilivi.jpg/440px-Zante_currant_drying_in_Tsilivi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="681" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ku%C5%9F_%C3%BCz%C3%BCm%C3%BC" title="Kuş üzümü">Zante frenk üzümü</a>'nün <a href="/wiki/Zante" title="Zante">Zante</a>'de güneşte kurutulması</figcaption></figure> <p>2010 yılında Yunanistan 83.800 ton <a href="/wiki/Pamuk" title="Pamuk">pamuk</a> ve 8.000 ton <a href="/wiki/Antep_f%C4%B1st%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Antep fıstığı">Antep fıstığı</a> ile <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Avrupa Birliği">Avrupa Birliği</a>'nin en büyük tarimsal üreticisiydi.<sup id="cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_1_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurostat_agriculture_1-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pirin%C3%A7" title="Pirinç">Pirinç</a> (229.500 ton),<sup id="cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_1_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurostat_agriculture_1-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Zeytin" title="Zeytin">zeytin</a> (147.500 ton)<sup id="cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_2_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurostat_agriculture_2-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> üretiminde ikinci, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ncir" title="İncir">incir</a> (11.000 ton),<sup id="cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_2_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurostat_agriculture_2-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Badem" title="Badem">badem</a> (44.000 ton),<sup id="cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_2_76-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurostat_agriculture_2-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Domates" title="Domates">domates</a> (1.400.000 ton),<sup id="cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_2_76-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurostat_agriculture_2-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Karpuz" title="Karpuz">karpuz</a> (578.400 ton)<sup id="cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_2_76-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurostat_agriculture_2-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> üretiminde üçüncü ve <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCt%C3%BCn" title="Tütün">tütün</a> (22.000 ton) üretiminde dördüncü sıradaydı.<sup id="cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_1_75-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eurostat_agriculture_1-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tarım, ülkenin GSYİH'sının %3,8'ine eşit katkı yaptı ve işgücünün %12,4'ünü istihdam etti.<sup id="cite_ref-CIAFactBook_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAFactBook-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan, Avrupa Birliği <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi%27nin_Ortak_Tar%C4%B1m_Politikas%C4%B1" title="Avrupa Birliği&#39;nin Ortak Tarım Politikası">Ortak Tarım Politikası</a>'ndan çok iyi yararlanır. Avrupa Topluluğu'na girişin sonucunda tarımsal altyapı iyileştirildi ve tarım üretim arttı. 2000 ve 2007 yılları arasında Yunanistan, %885 <a href="/wiki/Organik_tar%C4%B1m" title="Organik tarım">organik tarım</a>'da AB'deki en yüksek değişim yüzdesini başardı.<sup id="cite_ref-Eurostat_Sustainable_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eurostat_Sustainable-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Denizcilik_sektörü"><span id="Denizcilik_sekt.C3.B6r.C3.BC"></span>Denizcilik sektörü</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=23" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Denizcilik sektörü" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Denizcilik sektörü"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Greek_tanker_ship.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Greek_tanker_ship.png/200px-Greek_tanker_ship.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Greek_tanker_ship.png/300px-Greek_tanker_ship.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Greek_tanker_ship.png/400px-Greek_tanker_ship.png 2x" data-file-width="1019" data-file-height="663" /></a><figcaption>Yunan şirketleri, dünya toplam ticaret filosunun %16,2'sini kontrol eder. Yunan ticaret filosu dünyanın en büyüğüdür. Tankerler ve dökme yük gemileri de dahil olmak üzere her türlü gemi ilk 5'tedir.</figcaption></figure> <p>Antik zamanlardan beri gemi sanayi Yunan ekonomik faaliyetlerinin anahtarı olmuştur.<sup id="cite_ref-shipping_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shipping-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Denizcilik, GSYİH'nın yüzde 4,5'ine karşı gelen, yaklaşık 160.000 kişiyi istihdam eden (bu sayı toplam işgücünün yüzde 4'üdür) ve ticaret açığının üçte birine karşılık gelen, ülkenin en önemli sanayilerindendir.<sup id="cite_ref-nbg_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbg-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>2011 yılında <a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fmi%C5%9F_Milletler_Ticaret_ve_Kalk%C4%B1nma_Konferans%C4%B1" title="Birleşmiş Milletler Ticaret ve Kalkınma Konferansı">Birleşmiş Milletler Ticaret ve Kalkınma Konferansı</a> tarafından hazırlanan rapora göre, Yunan ticari donanması toplam dünya kapasitesinin yüzde 16,2'si ile dünyadaki en büyük ticari donanmadır.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_Shipping_report_2011_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_Shipping_report_2011-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>2011'deki Yunan ticaret donanması 2010'daki yüzde 15,96'nın üzerinde olmasına rağmen<sup id="cite_ref-UN_Shipping_report_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_Shipping_report-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2006'daki yüzde 18,2'lik dünya deniz ticaret gemi kapasite zirvesinin altındaydı.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_Shipping_report_2_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_Shipping_report_2-83"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ülkenin ticaret filosu toplam tonajda (202 milyon <a href="/wiki/Detveyt" title="Detveyt">dwt</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-UN_Shipping_report_2011_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_Shipping_report_2011-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> toplam gemi sayısında hem <a href="/wiki/Tanker" title="Tanker">tanker</a> hem de kuru <a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6kme_y%C3%BCk_gemileri" title="Dökme yük gemileri">dökme yük gemileri</a>'lerinde 3.150 gemi ile dünyada dördüncü ve ilk sıradayken, <a href="/wiki/Konteyner_gemisi" title="Konteyner gemisi">konteyner gemi</a> sayısında gene dördüncü ve diğer gemilerde ise dünyada beşinciydi.<sup id="cite_ref-BTS_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BTS-84"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ancak 2006'daki filosu 1970'lerin sonundaki tüm zamanların en büyüğü 5.000 gemiden daha azdır.<sup id="cite_ref-shipping_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shipping-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2010'daki rapora göre, Yunan bayrağı taşıyan toplam gemi sayısı Yunan olmayan filolar dahil 1.517 veya dünya dwt'sinin %5,3'ü ile dünyada beşinci sıradaydı.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_Shipping_report_82-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_Shipping_report-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1960'larda Yunan filosunun büyüklüğü, esasen <a href="/wiki/Aristotle_Onassis" title="Aristotle Onassis">Aristotle Onassis</a> ve Stavros Niarchos tarafından üstlenilen yatırımla neredeyse iki katına çıkmıştı.<sup id="cite_ref-slate_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slate-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Modern Yunan gemi sanayisinin temeli, Yunan gemici işadamlarının 1940'ların Gemi Satış Yasası aracılığıyla kendilerine ABD hükûmetince satılan ihtiyaç fazlası gemileri aldıkları II. Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonrasında kuruldu.<sup id="cite_ref-slate_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slate-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan'ın büyük bir gemi inşa ve bakım sanayisi vardır. Pire limanı çevresindeki altı tersane, Avrupa'nın en büyüklerindendir.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Son yıllarda Yunanistan, lüks yatların inşasında, tamir ve bakımında da lider oldu.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turizm">Turizm</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=24" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Turizm" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Turizm"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Blue-dome-Santorini.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Blue-dome-Santorini.JPG/220px-Blue-dome-Santorini.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Blue-dome-Santorini.JPG/330px-Blue-dome-Santorini.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Blue-dome-Santorini.JPG/440px-Blue-dome-Santorini.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2872" data-file-height="1820" /></a><figcaption>Turistik <a href="/wiki/Santorini" title="Santorini">Santorini</a> adası, pek çok gezi dergisi ve websitesince dünyanın en iyi adası olarak derecelendirilir.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Turizm, ülkedeki ekonomik faaliyetin kilit unsuru ve 2018 itibarıyla gayri safi yurtiçi hasılanın %20,6'sına denk gelen ülkenin en önemli sektörlerinden biridir.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan 2016'da 28 milyondan fazla turist,<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 2015'te 26,5 milyon turist ve 2009'daki 19,5 milyon turist<sup id="cite_ref-Eurostat_Tourism_table_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eurostat_Tourism_table-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ve 2007'deki 17,7 milyon turist<sup id="cite_ref-Eurostat_Tourism_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eurostat_Tourism-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ağırlayan Yunanistan, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCnya_turizm_s%C4%B1ralamas%C4%B1" title="Dünya turizm sıralaması">en çok ziyaret edilen ülkeler</a>'dendir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ulaşım"><span id="Ula.C5.9F.C4.B1m"></span>Ulaşım</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=25" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ulaşım" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ulaşım"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Greekmotorways2017_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Greekmotorways2017_2.jpg/220px-Greekmotorways2017_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Greekmotorways2017_2.jpg/330px-Greekmotorways2017_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Greekmotorways2017_2.jpg/440px-Greekmotorways2017_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2472" data-file-height="2248" /></a><figcaption>2022 itibarıyla Yunanistan otoyol ağ haritası. <b>Siyah</b>= Tamamlanmış yollar, <b>Mavi</b>= Yapım aşamasındakiler, <b>Gri</b>= Planlanan yolları gösterir</figcaption></figure> <p>1980'lerden bu yana Yunanistan'ın karayolu ve demiryolu ağı önemli ölçüde modernleştirildi. 2020 yılı itibarıyla toplam uzunluğu yaklaşık 2320&#160;km olan Yunanistan otoyol ağı, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCneydo%C4%9Fu_Avrupa" title="Güneydoğu Avrupa">Güneydoğu Avrupa</a>'daki en kapsamlı ve Avrupa'daki en gelişmiş otoyol ağlarından biridir.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan'ın kuzeybatısını <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCmeni%C3%A7e" title="Gümeniçe">Igoumenitsa</a>) kuzey Yunanistan'a (Selanik) ve kuzeydoğu Yunanistan'a (<a href="/wiki/Kipoi,_Evros" title="Kipoi, Evros">Kipoi</a>) bağlayan <a href="/wiki/A2_Otoyolu_(Yunanistan)" title="A2 Otoyolu (Yunanistan)">A2 (Egnatia Odos)</a> doğu-batı otoyolu; Peloponnese'yi (Rio, <a href="/wiki/Patra" title="Patra">Patras</a>'tan 7&#160;km) batı Yunanistan'daki Aetolia-Akarnania'ya (Antirrio) bağlayan Avrupa'nın en uzun asma halatlı köprüsü (2250&#160;m uzunluğunda) <a href="/wiki/Rion-Antirion_K%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC" title="Rion-Antirion Köprüsü">Rion-Antirion Köprüsü</a>; ve <a href="/wiki/Narda_K%C3%B6rfezi" title="Narda Körfezi">Narda Körfez</a> ağzının altından geçen Aktio-Preveza Denizaltı tüneli önemli ulaşım eserleridir. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rion-Antirion_K%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC" title="Rion-Antirion Köprüsü">Rion-Antirion Köprüsü</a> Yunanistan ana karasını <a href="/wiki/Mora_Yar%C4%B1madas%C4%B1" title="Mora Yarımadası">Mora Yarımadası</a>'na bağlar. Ayrıca kuzeybatı Yunanistan'ı (<a href="/wiki/Yanya" title="Yanya">Yanya</a>) batı Yunanistan'a (Antirrio) bağlayan A5 (Ionia Odos) otoyolu; Atina'yı Kuzey Yunanistan'daki <a href="/wiki/Selanik" title="Selanik">Selanik</a> ve Evzonoi'ye bağlayan <a href="/wiki/A1_Otoyolu_(Yunanistan)" title="A1 Otoyolu (Yunanistan)">A1 otoyolunun</a> son bölümleri; Atina'yı Patra'ya bağlayan Mora Yarımadası'ndaki A8 otoyolu (Olympia Odos'un bir parçası); ve Korint'i Kalamata ve Sparta'ya bağlayan A7 otoyolu da tamamlandı. Patra'yı <a href="/wiki/Pirgos,_Yunanistan" title="Pirgos, Yunanistan">Pirgos</a>'a bağlayan Olympia Odos'un geri kalan kısmı planlanmaktadır. </p><p>Halen devam eden diğer önemli projeler arasında <a href="/wiki/Selanik_metrosu" class="mw-redirect" title="Selanik metrosu">Selanik metrosu</a> ve Kuzey Girit Otoyolu inşaatı yer almaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Özellikle Atina Metropol Bölgesi'ne, <a href="/wiki/Atina_Eleftherios_Venizelos_Uluslararas%C4%B1_Havaliman%C4%B1" title="Atina Eleftherios Venizelos Uluslararası Havalimanı">Atina Uluslararası Havaalanı</a>, özel olarak işletilen <a href="/wiki/Attiki_Odos" title="Attiki Odos">A6 (Attiki Odos)</a> otoyol ağı ve genişletilmiş <a href="/wiki/Atina_metrosu" class="mw-redirect" title="Atina metrosu">Atina Metro</a> sistemi gibi Avrupa'nın en modern ve verimli ulaşım altyapılarından bazıları hizmet vermektedir. </p><p>Yunan adalarının çoğu ve Yunanistan'ın pek çok ana şehri, esas olarak iki büyük Yunan havayolu şirketi olan <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Air" title="Olympic Air">Olympic Air</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Aegean_Airlines" title="Aegean Airlines">Aegean Airlines</a> ile hava yoluyla birbirine bağlanır. <a href="/wiki/Deniz_otob%C3%BCs%C3%BC" title="Deniz otobüsü">Deniz otobüsleri</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Katamaran" title="Katamaran">katamaranlar</a> da dahil olmak üzere modern yüksek hızlı teknelerle deniz bağlantıları geliştirildi. </p><p>Demiryolu bağlantıları Yunanistan'da diğer birçok Avrupa ülkesine göre daha az rol oynamaktadır. Ancak bunlar da <a href="/wiki/Proastiakos" title="Proastiakos">Proastiakos</a>'un Atina çevresinde, havaalanı Kiato ve <a href="/wiki/Halkida" title="Halkida">Halkida</a>'ya doğru, Selanik civarında, <a href="/wiki/Larisa" title="Larisa">Larisa</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Vodina" title="Vodina">Edessa</a> şehirlerine doğru ve Patra civarında hizmet verdiği yeni banliyö/<a href="/wiki/Banliy%C3%B6_treni" title="Banliyö treni">banliyö demiryolu</a> bağlantılarıyla genişletildi. Atina ile Selanik arasında modern bir şehirlerarası demiryolu bağlantısı da kurulurken, 2.500&#160;km'lik (1.600 mil) ağın birçok bölümünde çift hatlara yönelik iyileştirme çalışmaları devam ediyor; <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a> ile <a href="/wiki/Patra" title="Patra">Patra</a> arasında yeni bir çift hatlı, standart hatlı demiryolu (eski <a href="/wiki/Metre_hat_a%C3%A7%C4%B1kl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Metre hat açıklığı">metre hat açıklığı</a> Pire-Patra demiryolunun yerine geçen) halen yapılmaktadır ve aşamalar halinde açılmaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Uluslararası demiryolu hatları Yunan şehirlerini Avrupa'nın geri kalanına, Balkanlara ve Türkiye'ye bağlamaktadır. </p><p>Yunanistan'ın uzun kıyı şeridi ve çok sayıda adası göz önüne alındığında, Yunanistan'da deniz taşımacılığı özellikle önemlidir. Tüm büyük adalara anakaraya feribotla ulaşım sağlanmaktadır. Atina limanı <a href="/wiki/Pire" title="Pire">Pire</a>, 2021 yılı itibarıyla Avrupa'nın en yoğun üçüncü yolcu limanıydı. 2019 yılında Yunanistan'da toplam 37 milyon yolcu tekneyle seyahat ederek Avrupa'nın ikinci en yüksek rakamı oldu.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan'da 15'i uluslararası destinasyonlara hizmet veren 39 aktif havaalanı vardır.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Atina_Eleftherios_Venizelos_Uluslararas%C4%B1_Havaliman%C4%B1" title="Atina Eleftherios Venizelos Uluslararası Havalimanı">Atina Uluslararası Havaalanı</a> 2023'te 28 milyondan fazla yolcuya hizmet verdi.<sup id="cite_ref-AIA_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AIA-99"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Büyük adaların çoğuna, Avrupa'daki diğer havalimanlarına doğrudan bağlantıları olan havalimanları hizmet verir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografi">Demografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=26" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Demografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Demografi"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="toccolours" style="clear: right; width: 15em; text-align: center; border-spacing: 0; float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" class="navbox-title" style="font-size:110%;">Tarihî nüfus</th> </tr><tr style="font-size: 95%"><th style="border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 1px; width: 3em;">Yıl </th><th style="border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 1px; text-align: right;">Nüfus&#160;&#160; </th><th style="border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 1px; text-align: right;"><abbr title="Yüzdelik Değişim">%±</abbr>&#160;&#160; </th></tr><tr> <th style="text-align: center; padding: 1px;">1928</th> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">6.204.684</td> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">—&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: center; padding: 1px;">1940</th> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">7.344.860</td> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">%+18.4</td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: center; padding: 1px;">1951</th> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">7.632.801</td> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">%+3.9</td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: center; padding: 1px;">1961</th> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">8.398.050</td> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">%+10.0</td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: center; padding: 1px; border-bottom: 1px solid #bbbbbb;">1971</th> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px; border-bottom: 1px solid #bbbbbb;">8.831.036</td> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px; border-bottom: 1px solid #bbbbbb;">%+5.2</td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: center; padding: 1px;">1981</th> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">9.729.350</td> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">%+10.2</td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: center; padding: 1px;">1991</th> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">10.258.364</td> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">%+5.4</td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: center; padding: 1px;">2001</th> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">10.964.020</td> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">%+6.9</td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: center; padding: 1px;">2011</th> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">11.123.392</td> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px;">%+1.5</td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: center; padding: 1px; border-bottom: 1px solid #bbbbbb;">2021</th> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px; border-bottom: 1px solid #bbbbbb;">10.682.547</td> <td style="text-align: right; padding: 1px; border-bottom: 1px solid #bbbbbb;">%−4.0</td> </tr></tbody></table> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_demografisi" title="Yunanistan demografisi">Yunanistan demografisi</a></div> <p>2022 sayımında 10.336.517 olan nüfusun %95'ini <a href="/wiki/Yunanlar" title="Yunanlar">Yunanlar</a> oluşturur.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nüfusun çoğunluğunu 1923 <a href="/wiki/Lozan_Antla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1" title="Lozan Antlaşması">Lozan Antlaşması</a> sonucunda gerçekleşen 1924 <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye-Yunanistan_n%C3%BCfus_m%C3%BCbadelesi" title="Türkiye-Yunanistan nüfus mübadelesi">nüfus mübadelesiyle</a> ülkeye <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" title="Türkiye">Türkiye</a>'den gelen, 1,5 milyon <a href="/wiki/Karamanl%C4%B1lar" title="Karamanlılar">Karamanlılar</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Gagavuzlar" title="Gagavuzlar">Gagavuzlar</a> dahil olmak üzere Rum-Hristiyan Ortodoks nüfus oluşturur.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunan hükûmeti tarafından resmen tanınan tek azınlık, varlığı 1923 <a href="/wiki/Lozan_Antla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1" title="Lozan Antlaşması">Lozan Antlaşması</a>'nda kabul edilen Müslüman azınlıktır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bununla birlikte, Yunanistan'ın nüfusu kendilerini <a href="/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_Trakya_T%C3%BCrkleri" title="Batı Trakya Türkleri">Batı Trakya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Girit_T%C3%BCrkleri" title="Girit Türkleri">Girit</a> ve <a href="/wiki/On_%C4%B0ki_Ada_T%C3%BCrkleri" title="On İki Ada Türkleri">On İki Ada</a>'da yaşayan <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkler" title="Türkler">Türkler</a> (% 0,9), <a href="/wiki/Makedonlar" title="Makedonlar">Makedonlar</a> (% 1,5), <a href="/wiki/Arnavutlar" title="Arnavutlar">Arnavutlar</a> (% 0,6) ve <a href="/wiki/%C3%87ingeneler" title="Çingeneler">Çingeneler</a> olarak tanımlayanları içermektedir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Komşu ülkelerden yalnız <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s" class="mw-redirect" title="Güney Kıbrıs">Güney Kıbrıs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arnavutluk" title="Arnavutluk">Arnavutluk</a> ve <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" title="Türkiye">Türkiye</a>'de sözü edilecek düzeyde <a href="/wiki/Yunan_diasporas%C4%B1" title="Yunan diasporası">Yunan toplulukları</a> yaşar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014_102-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Buna karşılık <a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık">Birleşik Krallık</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri">Amerika Birleşik Devletleri</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoskos1980_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoskos1980-103"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Arjantin" title="Arjantin">Arjantin</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Avustralya" title="Avustralya">Avustralya</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETamis2005_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETamis2005-104"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> oldukça büyük bir Yunan <a href="/wiki/Yunan_diasporas%C4%B1" title="Yunan diasporası">göçmen topluluklarını</a> barındırır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hızla yaşlanan Yunanistan'ın ortalama yaşı 2020'de 45,6 olup, nüfusun %13,66'sı 65 yaş ve üzeri, %64,06'sı 15-64 yaş arasında ve %22,28'i 14 yaş ve altıydı.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ülkenin hızla yaşlanması, <a href="/wiki/Toplam_do%C4%9Furganl%C4%B1k_h%C4%B1z%C4%B1" title="Toplam doğurganlık hızı">doğurganlık oranının</a> 1,41'e düşmesiyle ilişkilidir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014_102-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan, ayrıca Avrupa Birliği'ne girmeye çalışan yasadışı göçmenler nüfusa sahiptir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014_102-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Çoğunlukla <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" title="Türkiye">Türkiye</a> sınırındaki <a href="/wiki/Meri%C3%A7" title="Meriç">Meriç</a> nehrinin yanı sıra <a href="/wiki/Midilli_(ada)" title="Midilli (ada)">Midilli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sak%C4%B1z" title="Sakız">Sakız</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stank%C3%B6y" title="İstanköy">İstanköy</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Sisam" title="Sisam">Sisam</a> giriş yapan yasadışı göçmenlerin çoğunluğunu <a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganlar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistanl%C4%B1lar" title="Pakistanlılar">Pakistanlılar</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Banglade%C5%9F" title="Bangladeş">Bangladeşliler</a> oluşturur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014_102-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="navbox" style="width: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25548259">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini" style="font-size:88%;float: left; margin-left:0.75em"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_en_b%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_%C5%9Fehirleri" title="Şablon:Yunanistan&#39;ın en büyük şehirleri"><abbr title="Bu şablonu görüntüle">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_en_b%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_%C5%9Fehirleri" title="Şablon tartışma:Yunanistan&#39;ın en büyük şehirleri"><abbr title="Bu şablonu tartış">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_en_b%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_%C5%9Fehirleri&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Bu şablonu değiştir">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div> <span style="font-size:120%;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yunanistan</a> büyük şehir ve merkezleri</span><br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">Yunanistan İstatistik Kurumu 2011 Sayımı<sup id="cite_ref-2011census_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011census-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th> </th> <th>Sıra </th> <th>Şehir ismi </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_b%C3%B6lgeleri" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın bölgeleri">Bölge</a> </th> <th>Nüfus </th> <th>Sıra </th> <th>Şehir ismi </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_b%C3%B6lgeleri" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın bölgeleri">Bölge</a> </th> <th>Nüfus </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:View_of_the_Acropolis_Athens_(pixinn.net).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Atina"><img alt="Atina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/View_of_the_Acropolis_Athens_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg/120px-View_of_the_Acropolis_Athens_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/View_of_the_Acropolis_Athens_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg/180px-View_of_the_Acropolis_Athens_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/View_of_the_Acropolis_Athens_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg/240px-View_of_the_Acropolis_Athens_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1661" data-file-height="794" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a><br /> <p><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_2014_-_panoramio_(29).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Selanik"><img alt="Selanik" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_2014_-_panoramio_%2829%29.jpg/120px-%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_2014_-_panoramio_%2829%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_2014_-_panoramio_%2829%29.jpg/180px-%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_2014_-_panoramio_%2829%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_2014_-_panoramio_%2829%29.jpg/240px-%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_2014_-_panoramio_%2829%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Selanik" title="Selanik">Selanik</a> </p> </td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">1</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Attika_(idari_birim)" title="Attika (idari birim)">Attika</a></td> <td align="right">3.218.218</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">11</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Dedea%C4%9Fa%C3%A7" title="Dedeağaç">Dedeağaç</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Makedonya_ve_Trakya" title="Doğu Makedonya ve Trakya">Doğu Makedonya ve Trakya</a></td> <td align="right">57.812 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Castlepatrasview.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Patra"><img alt="Patra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Castlepatrasview.JPG/120px-Castlepatrasview.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Castlepatrasview.JPG/180px-Castlepatrasview.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Castlepatrasview.JPG/240px-Castlepatrasview.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Patra" title="Patra">Patra</a><br /> <p><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:St_Achilles.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kandiye"><img alt="Kandiye" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/St_Achilles.jpg/120px-St_Achilles.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/St_Achilles.jpg/180px-St_Achilles.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/St_Achilles.jpg/240px-St_Achilles.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kandiye" title="Kandiye">Kandiye</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">2</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Selanik" title="Selanik">Selanik</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Orta_Makedonya" title="Orta Makedonya">Orta Makedonya</a></td> <td align="right">789.191</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">12</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ske%C3%A7e" title="İskeçe">İskeçe</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Makedonya_ve_Trakya" title="Doğu Makedonya ve Trakya">Doğu Makedonya ve Trakya</a></td> <td align="right">56.122 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">3</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Patra" title="Patra">Patra</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_Yunanistan" title="Batı Yunanistan">Batı Yunanistan</a></td> <td align="right">167.446</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">13</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Katerin" title="Katerin">Katerin</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Orta_Makedonya" title="Orta Makedonya">Orta Makedonya</a></td> <td align="right">55.997 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">4</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Kandiye" title="Kandiye">Kandiye</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Girit" title="Girit">Girit</a></td> <td align="right">153.653</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">14</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Kalamata" title="Kalamata">Kalamata</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Mora_(b%C3%B6lge)" title="Mora (bölge)">Mora</a></td> <td align="right">54.100 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">5</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Larisa" title="Larisa">Larisa</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Teselya" title="Teselya">Teselya</a></td> <td align="right">144.651</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">15</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Kavala" title="Kavala">Kavala</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Makedonya_ve_Trakya" title="Doğu Makedonya ve Trakya">Doğu Makedonya ve Trakya</a></td> <td align="right">54.027 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">6</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Volos" title="Volos">Volos</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Teselya" title="Teselya">Teselya</a></td> <td align="right">118.707</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">16</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Hanya" title="Hanya">Hanya</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Girit" title="Girit">Girit</a></td> <td align="right">53.910 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">7</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Yanya" title="Yanya">Yanya</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Epir" title="Epir">Epir</a></td> <td align="right">65.574</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">17</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Agrinio" title="Agrinio">Agrinyo</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_Yunanistan" title="Batı Yunanistan">Batı Yunanistan</a></td> <td align="right">53.433 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">8</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/T%C4%B1rhala" title="Tırhala">Tırhala</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Teselya" title="Teselya">Teselya</a></td> <td align="right">61.653</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">18</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Lamya" title="Lamya">Lamya</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Orta_Yunanistan" title="Orta Yunanistan">Orta Yunanistan</a></td> <td align="right">52.006 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">9</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Halkida" title="Halkida">Halkida</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Orta_Yunanistan" title="Orta Yunanistan">Orta Yunanistan</a></td> <td align="right">59.125</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">19</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCm%C3%BClcine" title="Gümülcine">Gümülcine</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Makedonya_ve_Trakya" title="Doğu Makedonya ve Trakya">Doğu Makedonya ve Trakya</a></td> <td align="right">50.990 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">10</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Serez" title="Serez">Serez</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Orta_Makedonya" title="Orta Makedonya">Orta Makedonya</a></td> <td align="right">58.287</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">20</td> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Rodos_(%C5%9Fehir)" title="Rodos (şehir)">Rodos</a></b></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Ege" title="Güney Ege">Güney Ege</a></td> <td align="right">49.541 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dil">Dil</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=27" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Dil" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=27" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Dil"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana maddeler: <a href="/wiki/Yunanca" title="Yunanca">Yunanca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_konu%C5%9Fulan_diller" title="Yunanistan&#39;da konuşulan diller">Yunanistan'da konuşulan diller</a> ve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_az%C4%B1nl%C4%B1klar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da azınlıklar (sayfa mevcut değil)">Yunanistan'da azınlıklar</a></div> <p>Yunan dili, yazılı metini bulunan en eski <a href="/wiki/Hint-Avrupa_dil_ailesi" title="Hint-Avrupa dil ailesi">Hint-Avrupa dillerinden</a> biridir ve en eski yazılı biçimi (<a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a>) MÖ 15. yüzyıla kadar uzanır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Yeni_Ahit" title="Yeni Ahit">Yeni Ahit</a>'in dili olan <a href="/wiki/Koini_Grek%C3%A7esi" title="Koini Grekçesi">Koine</a> (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Ελληνιστική Κοινή</span>, <i>Ellinistikí Kiní</i>) ve <a href="/wiki/Orta_%C3%87a%C4%9F_Yunancas%C4%B1" title="Orta Çağ Yunancası">Bizans Yunancası</a>, Yunancanın orta evrelerini temsil eder.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bunlar nihayetinde 19. yüzyılda yerini <a href="/wiki/Modern_Yunanca" title="Modern Yunanca">Modern Yunanca</a>'ya (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Ελληνικά</span>, <i>Elliniká</i>) bıraktı (Koine <a href="/wiki/Rum_Ortodoks_Kilisesi" title="Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi">Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi</a> tarafından kullanılmaya devam etmektedir).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Modern Yunanca, Standart Modern Yunanca ve <a href="/wiki/%C3%87akonca" title="Çakonca">Çakonca</a> (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">τσακώνικα</span>), <a href="/wiki/Pontus_Rumcas%C4%B1" title="Pontus Rumcası">Pontus</a> (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Ποντιακή διάλεκτος</span>, <i>Pontiakí diálektos</i>; <a href="/wiki/Pontus_Rumcas%C4%B1" title="Pontus Rumcası">Pontus Rumcası</a>: Ρωμαίικα <i>Roméika</i>) ve <a href="/wiki/Kapadokya_Yunancas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Kapadokya Yunancası">Kapadokya</a> (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Καππαδοκική διάλεκτος</span>, <i>Kappadokikí diálektos</i>) gibi çeşitli bölgesel lehçelerden oluşur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Standart Modern Yunanca resmi devlet dilidir ve iki tarihsel biçimin bir karışımıdır: Yaygın olarak konuşulan <a href="/wiki/Demotiki" class="mw-redirect" title="Demotiki">Demotiki</a> (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Δημοτική</span>, <i>Dimotikí</i>) ve 1970'lerin ortalarına kadar resmi hükûmet belgelerinde ve gazetelerde görünen, esasen yazılmış, kasıtlı olarak Antik Yunancaya benzetilmiş <a href="/wiki/Katarevusa" title="Katarevusa">Katarevusa</a> (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">Καθαρεύουσα</span>, <i>Katharévousa</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Resmi olarak tanınmamasına rağmen, ülkede konuşulan azınlık dilleri arasında <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" title="Türkçe">Türkçe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makedonca" title="Makedonca">Makedonca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arnavut%C3%A7a" title="Arnavutça">Arnavutça</a>, 15. yüzyılda Arnavutluk'tan bölgeye göç eden Arnavutlar tarafından konuşulan <a href="/wiki/Arvanit%C3%A7e" title="Arvanitçe">Arvanitçe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgarca" title="Bulgarca">Bulgarca</a>, Romanca ve <a href="/wiki/Ulah%C3%A7a" title="Ulahça">Megleno-Rumence</a> bulunmaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Din">Din</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=28" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Din" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=28" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Din"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana maddeler: <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_din" title="Yunanistan&#39;da din">Yunanistan'da din</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rum_Ortodoks_Kilisesi" title="Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi">Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Kilisesi" title="Yunanistan Kilisesi">Yunanistan Kilisesi</a></div> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:200px"> <div style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden"> <p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p> <div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:fuchsia"></div> <div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 1589.4544843865px; border-left-color:yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:yellow"></div> <div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 524.21835811132px; border-left-color:blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:blue"></div> <div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 212.51081731572px; border-left-color:green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:green"></div> <div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 137.63819204712px; border-left-color:red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:0;top:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Circle_frame.svg/200px-Circle_frame.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Circle_frame.svg/300px-Circle_frame.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Circle_frame.svg/400px-Circle_frame.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></span></span></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Yunanistan'da din (2017)<sup id="cite_ref-Pew2017_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew2017-107"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32638653">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:red; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Ortodoks_Kilisesi" title="Doğu Ortodoks Kilisesi">Doğu Ortodoks Kilisesi</a> (%90)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r32638653"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:green; color:white;">&#160;</span>&#160;Diğer <a href="/wiki/Hristiyanl%C4%B1k" title="Hristiyanlık">Hristiyanlar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Katoliklik" class="mw-redirect" title="Katoliklik">Katoliklik</a> hariç) (%3)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r32638653"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:blue; color:white;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Dinsizlik" title="Dinsizlik">Dinsizlik</a> (%4)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r32638653"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:yellow; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C4%B0slam" title="İslam">İslam</a> (%2)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r32638653"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:fuchsia; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;Diğer dinler (<a href="/wiki/Katolikler" class="mw-redirect" title="Katolikler">Katolikler</a> dahil) (%1)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>Uzun Osmanlı yönetimine rağmen, <a href="/wiki/Lozan_Antla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1" title="Lozan Antlaşması">Lozan Antlaşması</a>'na takiben <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye-Yunanistan_n%C3%BCfus_m%C3%BCbadelesi" title="Türkiye-Yunanistan nüfus mübadelesi">nüfus aktarımı</a> sebebiyle nüfusun neredeyse tamamı <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Kilisesi" title="Yunanistan Kilisesi">Yunanistan Kilisesi</a>'ne (Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi) bağlıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Otosefal (dinsel açıdan bağımsız) bir <a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Ortodoks_Kilisesi" title="Doğu Ortodoks Kilisesi">Doğu Ortodoks</a> kilisesi olan bu organ, kendi dini hiyerarşisini tayin eder ve Atina başpiskoposunun başkanlığındaki 12 metropolitten oluşan bir sinod tarafından yönetilir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hemen hemen tüm Giritliler, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul_Rum_Ortodoks_Patrikhanesi" title="İstanbul Rum Ortodoks Patrikhanesi">İstanbul Rum Ortodoks Patrikhanesi</a>'ne doğrudan sorumlu olan Girit başpiskoposu tarafından yönetilen Yunanistan Kilisesi'nin özel bir şubesine mensuptur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nüfusun Ortodoks olmayan kesiminin çoğunu oluşturan Müslüman (öncelikle Sünni) azınlık, ağırlıklı olarak Türk'tür ve batı Trakya ve Oniki Ada'da yoğunlaşmıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ağırlıklı olarak Atina'da ve eskiden İtalyan egemenliği altındaki batı adalarında bulunan <a href="/wiki/Katolik_Kilisesi" title="Katolik Kilisesi">Roma</a> ve Papa'nın önceliğini tanıyan, ancak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizans_Ayini&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bizans Ayini (sayfa mevcut değil)">Bizans Ayini</a>'ni sürdüren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunan_Bizans_Katolik_Kilisesi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunan Bizans Katolik Kilisesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Yunan</a> Katolikleri, birkaç bin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunan_Evanjelik_Kilisesi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunan Evanjelik Kilisesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Protestan</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Yahudilik" title="Yahudilik">Yahudiler</a> dışında kalanları oluşturur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yahudilik, <a href="/wiki/Romanyot" title="Romanyot">Romanyotlar</a> ve Osmanlı döneminde gelen <a href="/wiki/Sefarad_Yahudileri" title="Sefarad Yahudileri">Sefarad Yahudileri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27daki_Yahudilerin_tarihi" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki Yahudilerin tarihi">2.000 yıldan fazla</a> bir süredir özellikle <a href="/wiki/Selanik" title="Selanik">Selanik</a>'te önemli bir topluluktu.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Fakat Yunanistan'ın Yahudi nüfusu, II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_Mihver_Devletleri_taraf%C4%B1ndan_i%C5%9Fgali" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın Mihver Devletleri tarafından işgali">Yunanistan'ın Alman işgali</a> döneminde yürütülen <a href="/wiki/Holokost" title="Holokost">Holokost</a> tarafından neredeyse yok edildi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunan Anayasası, <a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Ortodoks_Kilisesi" title="Doğu Ortodoks Kilisesi">Doğu Ortodoksluğunu</a> ülkenin 'hakim' inancı olarak tanırken, herkes için dini inanç özgürlüğünü garanti eder.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yunan hükûmeti dini gruplar hakkında istatistik tutmuyor ve nüfus sayımları dini aidiyet talep etmiyor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ABD Dışişleri Bakanlığı'na göre, Yunan vatandaşlarının tahminen %97'si kendilerini <a href="/wiki/Bizans_Riti" title="Bizans Riti">Bizans ayini</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Yeni_Ahit" title="Yeni Ahit">Yeni Ahit</a>'in orijinal dili olan <a href="/wiki/Yunanca" title="Yunanca">Yunan dilini</a> kullanan <a href="/wiki/Rum_Ortodoks_Kilisesi" title="Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi">Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi</a>'ne ait Doğu Ortodoksu olarak tanımlıyor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yunan topraklarının yönetimi, <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Kilisesi" title="Yunanistan Kilisesi">Yunanistan Kilisesi</a> ile <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul_Rum_Ortodoks_Patrikhanesi" title="İstanbul Rum Ortodoks Patrikhanesi">İstanbul Rum Ortodoks Patrikhanesi</a> arasında paylaşılıyor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eğitim"><span id="E.C4.9Fitim"></span>Eğitim</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=29" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Eğitim" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=29" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Eğitim"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Akademie_von_Athen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Akademie_von_Athen.jpg/220px-Akademie_von_Athen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Akademie_von_Athen.jpg/330px-Akademie_von_Athen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Akademie_von_Athen.jpg/440px-Akademie_von_Athen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="11314" data-file-height="9749" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Atina_Akademisi_(modern)" title="Atina Akademisi (modern)">Atina Akademisi</a>, Yunanistan'ın <a href="/wiki/Ulusal_akademi" title="Ulusal akademi">ulusal akademisi</a> ve ülkedeki en yüksek araştırma kuruluşudur.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:%CE%99%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/%CE%99%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1.jpeg/180px-%CE%99%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1.jpeg" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/%CE%99%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1.jpeg/270px-%CE%99%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/%CE%99%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1.jpeg/360px-%CE%99%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Modern Yunanistan'ın ilk akademik kurumu olan <a href="/wiki/Korfu" title="Korfu">Korfu</a>'daki İyonya Akademisi</figcaption></figure> <table class="toc" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" width="35%" style="float:right; text-align:center;clear:all; margin-left:2px; font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <th bgcolor="#0f4d92" colspan="3" style="color:white">2018 PISA Programı Sıralaması<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th width="50%">Konu </th> <th width="50%">78 Ülke İçinde Sıralaması </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Matematik</b></td> <td>45. </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Okuma-anlama</b></td> <td>43. </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Bilim</b></td> <td>45. </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Yunanistan'da eğitim, hem kendi içinde bir amaç hem de yukarı doğru bir sosyal hareketlilik aracı olarak uzun zamandır ödüllendirilmiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Devlet eğitim sistemi yoğun bir şekilde merkezileştirilmiştir ve genellikle yetersiz kabul edilir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sonuç olarak, birçok öğrenci, normal okul saatleri dışında ders veren <i><a href="/wiki/Dershane" title="Dershane">phrontistiria</a></i> adı verilen özel dersanelerde eğitimlerine devam eder.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eğitim her düzeyde ücretsizdir ve 6-15 yaş arası çocuklar için zorunludur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunanistan'da zorunlu eğitim ilkokullardan (Δημοτικό Σχολείο, Dimotikó Scholeio) ve <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(okul)" title="Gymnasium (okul)">Gymnasium</a>'lardan (Γυμνάσιο) oluşur. Kreşler (Παιδικός σταθμός, Paidikós Stathmós) popülerdir ancak zorunlu değildir. <a href="/wiki/Anaokulu" title="Anaokulu">Anaokulları</a> (Νηπιαγωγείο, Nipiagogeío) dört yaş üzeri tüm çocuklar için zorunludur. Çocuklar ilkokula altı yaşında başlar ve altı yıl ilköğretim alır. Gymnasia'ya katılım 12 yaşında başlar ve üç yıl sürer. </p><p>Yunanistan'ın zorunlu eğitim sonrası orta öğretimi iki okul türünden oluşur: Birleşik liseler (Γενικό Λύκειο, <i>Genikό Lykeiό</i>) ve <a href="/wiki/Meslek_okulu" title="Meslek okulu">teknik</a>-<a href="/wiki/Meslek_okulu" title="Meslek okulu">mesleki eğitim</a> okulları (Τεχνικά και Επαγγελματικά Εκπαιδευτ) ήρια, "TEE"). </p><p>Zorunlu eğitim sonrası orta öğretim aynı zamanda resmi ancak sınıflandırılmamış düzeyde eğitim veren mesleki eğitim enstitülerini (Ινστιτούτα Επαγγελματικής Κατάρτισης, "IEK") içerir. Hem <i>Gymnasio</i> (ortaokul) hem de <i>Lykeio</i> (lise) mezunlarını kabul edebildiklerinden, bu enstitüler belirli bir düzeyde eğitim veren kurumlar olarak sınıflandırılmamaktadır. </p><p>Çerçeve Kanununa (3549/2007) göre, Kamu yüksek öğrenimi "Yüksek Eğitim Kurumları" (Ανώτατα Εκπαιδευτικά Ιδρύματα, <i>Anótata Ekpaideytiká Idrýmata</i>, "ΑΕΙ") iki paralel sektörden oluşur: üniversite sektörü (Üniversiteler, Politeknik, Güzel Sanatlar Okulları, Açık Üniversite) ve Teknoloji sektörü (Teknolojik Eğitim Kurumları (TEI) ve Pedagojik ve Teknolojik Eğitim Yüksekokulu). Diğer Bakanlıkların yetkisi altında faaliyet gösteren, daha kısa süreli (2-3 yıl) mesleki odaklı kurslar sunan Üniversite Dışı Devlet Yükseköğretim Enstitüleri vardır. Öğrenciler bu Enstitülere <i>Lykeio'</i>nun üçüncü sınıfını tamamladıktan sonra yapılan ulusal düzeydeki sınavlardaki performanslarına göre kabul edilirler. 22 yaşın üzerindeki öğrenciler, Yunan Açık Üniversitesi'ne kura yoluyla kabul edilebilir. </p><p>Eğitim sistemi, özel ihtiyaçları olan veya öğrenme güçlüğü çeken kişiler için özel anaokulları, ilk ve orta dereceli okullar sağlar. Müzik, teolojik ve beden eğitimi sunan uzman spor salonları ve liseler bulunmaktadır. </p><p>25-64 yaş arası yetişkinlerin %72'si lise eğitimini tamamlamıştır; bu oran %74 olan OECD ortalamasının biraz altındadır. Ortalama bir Yunan öğrencisi, OECD'nin 2015 Uluslararası Öğrenci Değerlendirme Programında (PISA) okuma yazma, matematik ve fen alanlarında 458 puan almıştır. Bu, 486 olan OECD ortalamasından daha azdır. Kızlar, erkekleri 15 puan geride bırakarak OECD ortalaması olan 2'den çok daha fazla başarılı olmuştur.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>En eski yüksek öğrenim kurumları, <a href="/wiki/Atina_Ulusal_Teknik_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Atina Ulusal Teknik Üniversitesi">Atina Ulusal Teknik Üniversitesi</a> (1836), <a href="/wiki/Atina_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Atina Üniversitesi">Atina Üniversitesi</a> (1837) ve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Selanik_Aristoteles_%C3%9Cniversitesi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Selanik Aristoteles Üniversitesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Selanik Aristoteles Üniversitesi</a>'dir (1925).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Birkaç başka üniversite ve politeknik okul ve bir güzel sanatlar okulu vardır; ancak bu kurumlar genellikle yetersiz donanımlıdır ve yüksek öğrenim talebini karşılamak için yeterli sayıda kabul açıklığından yoksundur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bu nedenle birçok Yunan öğrenci yurtdışında eğitim almayı tercih etmektedir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Emeklilik">Emeklilik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=30" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Emeklilik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=30" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Emeklilik"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yunanistan'da minimum sigorta süresi 15 yıldır ve genel yaş sınırı 4.500 günlük çalışma ile 67'dir. Genel olarak, 62 yaşında olmak ve 40 sigorta yılını (12.000 günlük çalışma) tamamlamış olmak, tam emekli aylığı almak için ön koşuldur.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sağlık"><span id="Sa.C4.9Fl.C4.B1k"></span>Sağlık</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=31" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Sağlık" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=31" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Sağlık"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="toc" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" width="35%" style="float:right; text-align:center;clear:all; margin-left:2px; font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <th bgcolor="#0f4d92" colspan="3" style="color:white">Sağlık istatistikleri </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th width="50%">Konu </th> <th width="50%">Veri </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Yaşam beklentisi</b></td> <td>81,1 (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-YaşamSüresi_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YaşamSüresi-111"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Harcama/GYSİH</b></td> <td>%7,8 (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>1980'lerde hükûmet, sağlık bakanlığı denetiminde ulusal bir <a href="/wiki/Evrensel_sa%C4%9Fl%C4%B1k_hizmeti" title="Evrensel sağlık hizmeti">sağlık sistemi</a> kurdu.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Pek çok Yunan doktor, en azından kısmen yurtdışında eğitim almaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yunanistan'daki büyük hastaneler uluslararası standartları karşılasa da Yunanlar, maddi güçleri yetiyorsa, tıbbi bakım için yurtdışına seyahat etmeyi tercih etmektedir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> İşçiler, Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu ve Tarım Sigortaları Kurumu programları kapsamında sigortalıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sağlık sistemindeki eksikliklere rağmen Yunanistan'da <a href="/wiki/Beklenen_ya%C5%9Fam_s%C3%BCresi" title="Beklenen yaşam süresi">yaşam beklentisi</a> 81,1 olarak dünyanın en yüksekleri arasındadır.<sup id="cite_ref-YaşamSüresi_111-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YaşamSüresi-111"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kültür"><span id="K.C3.BClt.C3.BCr"></span>Kültür</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=32" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kültür" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=32" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kültür"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunan_k%C3%BClt%C3%BCr%C3%BC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunan kültürü (sayfa mevcut değil)">Yunan kültürü</a></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27daki_m%C3%BCzeler_listesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki müzeler listesi">Yunanistan'daki müzeler listesi</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Epidavros.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Epidavros.JPG/240px-Epidavros.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Epidavros.JPG/360px-Epidavros.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Epidavros.JPG/480px-Epidavros.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Epidauros_Antik_Tiyatrosu" title="Epidauros Antik Tiyatrosu">Epidauros Antik Tiyatrosu</a>, hala tiyatro oyunları için kullanılmaktadır.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Müzik"><span id="M.C3.BCzik"></span>Müzik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=33" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Müzik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=33" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Müzik"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Semsis_Eskenazi_Tomboulis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Semsis_Eskenazi_Tomboulis.jpg/150px-Semsis_Eskenazi_Tomboulis.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Semsis_Eskenazi_Tomboulis.jpg/225px-Semsis_Eskenazi_Tomboulis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Semsis_Eskenazi_Tomboulis.jpg/300px-Semsis_Eskenazi_Tomboulis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="417" data-file-height="563" /></a><figcaption>Ünlü <i><a href="/wiki/Rembetiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Rembetiko">rembetiko</a></i> şarkıcıları <a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Semsis" title="Dimitrios Semsis">Dimitrios Semsis</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Roza_Eskenazi" title="Roza Eskenazi">Roza Eskenazi</a></figcaption></figure> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunan_m%C3%BCzi%C4%9Fi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunan müziği (sayfa mevcut değil)">Yunan müziği</a></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/Rembetiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Rembetiko">Rembetiko</a></div> <p>Çağdaş Yunan müziğinin çoğu, Batı kanonlarında eğitim görmüş, ancak yerel geleneklere duyarlı ve açık olan yeni nesil yetenekli besteciler tarafından oluşturulmuştur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bu besteciler arasında <a href="/wiki/Mikis_Theodorakis" title="Mikis Theodorakis">Mikis Theodorakis</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Manos_Hac%C4%B1dakis" title="Manos Hacıdakis">Manos Hacıdakis</a>, çağdaş Yunan kültürel kimliği üzerinde derin bir iz bırakan en başarılı bestecilerdir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern Yunan müziğinin gelişimine temel oluşturan <i><a href="/wiki/Rembetiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Rembetiko">rembetiko</a></i> (<span class="lang-el" lang="el" dir="ltr">ρεμπέτικο</span>, <i>rempétiko</i>)'dur. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Anadolu" title="Anadolu">Anadolu</a>'dan ve özellikle de <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir" title="İzmir">İzmir</a>'den Atina yakınındaki <a href="/wiki/Pire" title="Pire">Pire</a>'ye gelen mülteciler ve kanun kaçakları arasında gelişen, yavaş tempolu, acı, kederli şarkı sözleriyle <i><a href="/wiki/Rembetiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Rembetiko">rembetiko</a></i>, sıklıkla Amerika'nın blues'larıyla karşılaştırıldı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Başlangıçta alt sınıflarla ilişkilendirilenten sonra, <i>rembetiko</i> savaş sonrası dönemde Yunanistan'da genel kabul gördü.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Rembetiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Rembetiko">Rembetiko</a></i> sanatçıları arasında <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vassilis_Tsitsanis&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Vassilis Tsitsanis (sayfa mevcut değil)">Vassilis Tsitsanis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigoris_Bithikotsis&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grigoris Bithikotsis (sayfa mevcut değil)">Grigoris Bithikotsis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stelio_Kazancidis" class="mw-redirect" title="Stelio Kazancidis">Stelio Kazancidis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yorgo_Dalaras" title="Yorgo Dalaras">Yorgo Dalaras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haris_Aleksiu" title="Haris Aleksiu">Haris Aleksiu</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Glikeria" title="Glikeria">Glikeria</a> öne çıkar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Edebiyat">Edebiyat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=34" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Edebiyat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=34" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Edebiyat"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Yunan_edebiyat%C4%B1" title="Yunan edebiyatı">Yunan edebiyatı</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Roilos-georgios-poets-parnassos-literary-club.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Roilos-georgios-poets-parnassos-literary-club.jpg/220px-Roilos-georgios-poets-parnassos-literary-club.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Roilos-georgios-poets-parnassos-literary-club.jpg/330px-Roilos-georgios-poets-parnassos-literary-club.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Roilos-georgios-poets-parnassos-literary-club.jpg/440px-Roilos-georgios-poets-parnassos-literary-club.jpg 2x" data-file-width="819" data-file-height="584" /></a><figcaption>Georgios Roilos tarafından resmedilmiş <i>Parnassos Edebiyat Topluluğu</i> (<a href="/wiki/Kostis_Palamas" title="Kostis Palamas">Kostis Palamas</a> ortadadır)</figcaption></figure> <table class="toc" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" width="45%" style="float:right; text-align:center;clear:all; margin-left:2px; font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <th bgcolor="#0f4d92" colspan="4" style="color:white">Ödüllü Yunan yazarları </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th width="40%">Yazar </th> <th width="30%">Ödül </th> <th width="30%">Yıl </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yorgos_Seferis" title="Yorgos Seferis">Yorgos Seferis</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Edebiyat_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="Nobel Edebiyat Ödülü">Nobel Edebiyat Ödülü</a></td> <td>1963 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Odisseus_Elitis" title="Odisseus Elitis">Odisseus Elitis</a></td> <td>Nobel Edebiyat Ödülü</td> <td>1979 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Yunan edebiyatı, Antik, Bizans ve modern Yunan edebiyatı olarak üç ana kategoriye ayrılabilir.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-113"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Atina, Batı edebiyatının doğduğu yer olarak kabul edilir.<sup id="cite_ref-Strickland2007_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strickland2007-114"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Antik Yunan edebiyatı</b>nın en eski eserleri, <a href="/wiki/Homeros" title="Homeros">Homeros</a>'un anıtsal eserleri <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0lyada" title="İlyada">İlyada</a></i> ve <i><a href="/wiki/Odisseia" title="Odisseia">Odisseia</a></i> dır. Bu iki destan, <i><a href="/wiki/Homerik_%C4%B0lahiler" title="Homerik İlahiler">Homerik İlahiler</a></i> ve <a href="/wiki/Hesiodos" title="Hesiodos">Hesiodos</a>'un iki şiiri, <i><a href="/wiki/Theogonia" title="Theogonia">Theogonia</a></i> ve (<a href="/wiki/%C4%B0%C5%9Fler_ve_G%C3%BCnler" title="İşler ve Günler">İşler ve Günler</a>) ile birlikte Yunan edebiyat geleneğinin ana temellerini oluşturmuştur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoney2018_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELoney2018-115"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kompozisyon tarihleri farklılık gösterse de bu eserler M.Ö.&#160;800 civarında veya sonrasında sabitlenmiştir. Klasik dönemde batı edebiyatının pek çok türü daha ön plana çıktı. </p><p>Klasik dönemde batı edebiyatının pek çok türü daha ön plana çıktı. <a href="/wiki/Lirik_%C5%9Fiir" title="Lirik şiir">Lirik şiir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Od_(edebiyat)" title="Od (edebiyat)">kasideler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pastoral" title="Pastoral">pastoraller</a>, <a href="/wiki/A%C4%9F%C4%B1t" title="Ağıt">ağıtlar</a>, <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCkte" title="Nükte">nükteler</a>; komedi ve <a href="/wiki/Trajedi" title="Trajedi">trajedi</a> dramatik sunumları; <a href="/wiki/Tarihyaz%C4%B1m%C4%B1" title="Tarihyazımı">tarih yazımı</a>, <a href="/wiki/Retorik" title="Retorik">retorik</a> incelemeler, felsefi diyalektik ve felsefi incelemelerin tümü bu dönemde ortaya çıktı. Klasik çağ aynı zamanda dramanın da doğuşuna tanık oldu. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Eshilos" title="Eshilos">Eshilos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sofokles" title="Sofokles">Sofokles</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, üç büyük tragedya yazarı olarak bilinir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPreus2015-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sofokles" title="Sofokles">Sofokles</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Kral_Oidipus_(Sofokles)" title="Kral Oidipus (Sofokles)">Kral Oidipus</a></i> ve <i><a href="/wiki/Antigone_(Sofokles)" title="Antigone (Sofokles)">Antigone</a></i> adlı oyunlarıyla, <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> ise trajedi türünün sınırlarını zorlayan <i><a href="/wiki/Medea_(oyun)" title="Medea (oyun)">Medea</a></i> gibi oyunlarıyla tanınır.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPreus2015-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lirik şairler <a href="/wiki/Sapfo" title="Sapfo">Sapfo</a>, Alkaios ve <a href="/wiki/Pindaros" title="Pindaros">Pindaros</a>, Yunan şiir geleneğinin erken gelişimi açısından önemlidir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPreus2015-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Komedi oyun yazarı <a href="/wiki/Aristofanes" title="Aristofanes">Aristofanes</a>, Eski Komedi türünde yazarken, daha sonraki oyun yazarı <a href="/wiki/Menandros" title="Menandros">Menandros</a>, Yeni Komedi'nin ilk öncülerindendi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPreus2015-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Herodot" title="Herodot">Herodot</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Thukididis" title="Thukididis">Thukididis</a> ise bu dönemin en etkili tarihçilerinden ikisidir. Tarih yazımı öncüleri olarak MÖ beşinci yüzyılda yaşayan <a href="/wiki/Herodot" title="Herodot">Herodot</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Thukididis" title="Thukididis">Thukididis</a>, kendi yaşamlarından kısa bir süre önce ve kendi yaşamları sırasında meydana gelen olayların açıklamalarını yazdılar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPreus2015-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Klasik çağda yazılan ve sahnelenen yüzlerce <a href="/wiki/Trajedi" title="Trajedi">trajediden</a> yalnızca üç yazarın sınırlı sayıdaki oyunu günümüze ulaşmıştır: <a href="/wiki/Eshilos" title="Eshilos">Eshilos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sofokles" title="Sofokles">Sofokles</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Aristofanes" title="Aristofanes">Aristofanes</a>'in günümüze ulaşan oyunları komik sunumlar açısından bir hazinedir. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> tarafından "hayal gücünden yoksun" ve "sıkıcı" olarak tanımlanan <b>Bizans edebiyatı'</b>nda çoğu, öne çıkan yazarlar 12. yüzyılda yaşayamış olan <a href="/wiki/Anna_Komnini" title="Anna Komnini">Anna Komnini</a> gibi tarihçilerdir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPapaioannou2021_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPapaioannou2021-117"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Attika_Grek%C3%A7esi" title="Attika Grekçesi">Attika'ca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orta_%C3%87a%C4%9F" title="Orta Çağ">Orta Çağ</a> ve Erken <a href="/wiki/Modern_Yunanca" title="Modern Yunanca">Modern Yunanca</a> ile yazılmış Bizans edebiyatı, <a href="/wiki/Bizans_Rumlar%C4%B1" title="Bizans Rumları">Bizans Rumlarının</a> Hristiyan <a href="/wiki/Orta_%C3%87a%C4%9F" title="Orta Çağ">Orta Çağları</a> boyunca entelektüel yaşamının ifadesidir. Her ne kadar <i>popüler</i> Bizans edebiyatı ve erken Modern Yunan edebiyatı 11. yüzyılda başlamış olsa da ikisi birbirinden ayırt edilemez.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33502344/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:boyut;max-width:331px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:101px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Konstantinos_Kavafis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Konstantinos_Kavafis.jpg/99px-Konstantinos_Kavafis.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Konstantinos_Kavafis.jpg/149px-Konstantinos_Kavafis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Konstantinos_Kavafis.jpg/198px-Konstantinos_Kavafis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1515" data-file-height="2172" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Odysseas_Elytis_1974.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Odysseas_Elytis_1974.jpg/120px-Odysseas_Elytis_1974.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Odysseas_Elytis_1974.jpg/180px-Odysseas_Elytis_1974.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Odysseas_Elytis_1974.jpg/240px-Odysseas_Elytis_1974.jpg 2x" data-file-width="583" data-file-height="687" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Giorgos_Seferis_1963.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Romans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Giorgos_Seferis_1963.jpg/100px-Giorgos_Seferis_1963.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Giorgos_Seferis_1963.jpg/150px-Giorgos_Seferis_1963.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Giorgos_Seferis_1963.jpg/200px-Giorgos_Seferis_1963.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flow-root"><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:sol">Çalışmaları ağırlıklı olarak <a href="/wiki/Helenistik_D%C3%B6nem" title="Helenistik Dönem">Helenistik geçmişten</a> ilham alan <a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Kavafis" title="Konstantinos Kavafis">Konstantinos Kavafis</a> ile <a href="/wiki/Odisseus_Elitis" title="Odisseus Elitis">Odisseus Elitis</a> (ortada) ve <a href="/wiki/Yorgos_Seferis" title="Yorgos Seferis">Yorgos Seferis</a> (sağda), 30'lu Yıllar Kuşağı'nın ve <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Edebiyat_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="Nobel Edebiyat Ödülü">Nobel Edebiyat Ödül</a> sahibi temsilcileriydi.</div></div></div></div> <p>Daha sonraki önemli yazarlar arasında Argonautların yolculuğu hakkında destansı bir şiir olan <i><a href="/wiki/Argonautika" title="Argonautika">Argonautika</a></i>'yı yazan <a href="/wiki/Apollonios_(k%C3%BCt%C3%BCphaneci)" title="Apollonios (kütüphaneci)">Apollonios</a>, matematiksel incelemeleriyle tanınan <a href="/wiki/Ar%C5%9Fimet" title="Arşimet">Arşimet</a> ve esas olarak biyografiler ve denemeler yazan <a href="/wiki/Plutarhos" class="mw-redirect" title="Plutarhos">Plutarhos</a>'dur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPreus2015-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>MS ikinci yüzyıl yazarı <a href="/wiki/Samsatl%C4%B1_Lukianos" title="Samsatlı Lukianos">Samsatlı Lukianos</a>, öncelikle hiciv eserleri yazan bir Yunandı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPreus2015-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern Yunan edebiyatı, 11. yüzyılda geç Bizans döneminden itibaren ortaya çıkan, ortak Modern Yunanca ile yazılmış edebiyata atıfta bulunur. <b>Çağdaş Yunan edebiyatı</b>nın (1453–günümüz), ilk başyapıtı Viçenzos Kornaros (1553-1613) tarafından yazılan Girit Rönesans şiiri <i><a href="/wiki/Erotokritos" title="Erotokritos">Erotokritos</a></i> olarak kabul edilir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDimaras1974_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDimaras1974-119"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bu, Vitsentzos Kornaros tarafından 1600 civarında yazılan bir <a href="/wiki/Romans" title="Romans">aşk romanı</a>'dır. Daha sonra Yunan aydınlanması (Diafotismos) döneminde <a href="/wiki/Adamantios_Korais" title="Adamantios Korais">Adamantios Korais</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Velestinli_Rigas" title="Velestinli Rigas">Velestinli Rigas</a> gibi yazarlar eserleriyle Yunan ayaklanması'nı hazırladılar. </p><p>Diğer önemli Yunan yazarları arasında Yunan aydınlanması döneminde yazan <a href="/wiki/Adamantios_Korais" title="Adamantios Korais">Adamantios Korais</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Velestinli_Rigas" title="Velestinli Rigas">Velestinli Rigas</a>, Birinci Dünya Savaşı sonrası ülkedeki bozgunculuğuna tepki olarak doğan 1930 Kuşağı yazarları <a href="/wiki/Yorgos_Seferis" title="Yorgos Seferis">Yorgos Seferis</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Odisseus_Elitis" title="Odisseus Elitis">Odisseus Elitis</a> ve <i><a href="/wiki/Zorba_(roman)" title="Zorba (roman)">Zorba</a></i> (1946) ile başlayan ve başyapıtı <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=O_Christos_xanastavronete&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="O Christos xanastavronete (sayfa mevcut değil)">Yeniden Haçlanmış İsa</a></i> (1954) ile tanınan Giritli <a href="/wiki/Nikos_Kazancakis" title="Nikos Kazancakis">Nikos Kazancakis</a> öne çıkar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDimaras1974_119-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDimaras1974-119"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern Yunan edebiyatının önde gelen isimleri arasında Dionysios Solomos, Andreas Kalvos, <a href="/wiki/Angelos_Sikelianos" title="Angelos Sikelianos">Angelos Sikelianos</a>, Emmanuel Rhoides, <a href="/wiki/Demetrius_Vikelas" title="Demetrius Vikelas">Demetrius Vikelas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kostis_Palamas" title="Kostis Palamas">Kostis Palamas</a>, Penelope Delta, <a href="/wiki/Yannis_Ri%C3%A7os" title="Yannis Riços">Yannis Riços</a>, Alexandros Papadiamantis, <a href="/wiki/Nikos_Kazancakis" title="Nikos Kazancakis">Nikos Kazancakis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andreas_Embeirikos&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreas Embeirikos (sayfa mevcut değil)">Andreas Embeirikos</a>, Kostas Karyotakis, Gregorios Xenopoulos, <a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Kavafis" title="Konstantinos Kavafis">Konstantinos Kavafis</a>, Nikos Kavvadias, <a href="/wiki/Kostas_Varnalis" title="Kostas Varnalis">Kostas Varnalis</a> ve Kiki Dimoula yer alır. 1963'te <a href="/wiki/Yorgos_Seferis" title="Yorgos Seferis">Yorgos Seferis</a> ve 1979'da <a href="/wiki/Odisseus_Elitis" title="Odisseus Elitis">Odisseus Elitis</a> iki Yunan yazara Nobel Edebiyat Ödülü verilmiştir: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Felsefe">Felsefe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=35" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Felsefe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=35" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Felsefe"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Antik_Yunan_felsefesi" title="Antik Yunan felsefesi">Antik Yunan felsefesi</a></div> <p>4. yüzyılın nesirdeki en büyük başarısı üç büyük filozofun eserleriyle felsefe alanında olmuştur. Filozof <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a>, genellikle öğretmeni <a href="/wiki/Sokrates" title="Sokrates">Sokrates</a>'in etrafında çeşitli felsefi konularla ilgilenen diyaloglar yazarken, öğrencisi <a href="/wiki/Aristoteles" title="Aristoteles">Aristoteles</a> daha sonra oldukça etkili olan sayısız inceleme yazdı.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPreus2015-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sinema">Sinema</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=36" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Sinema" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=36" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Sinema"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Theodoros_Angelopoulos_Athens_26-4-2009-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Theodoros_Angelopoulos_Athens_26-4-2009-2.jpg/130px-Theodoros_Angelopoulos_Athens_26-4-2009-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Theodoros_Angelopoulos_Athens_26-4-2009-2.jpg/195px-Theodoros_Angelopoulos_Athens_26-4-2009-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Theodoros_Angelopoulos_Athens_26-4-2009-2.jpg/260px-Theodoros_Angelopoulos_Athens_26-4-2009-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="428" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Theodoros_Angelopoulos" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodoros Angelopoulos">Theodoros Angelopoulos</a>, <a href="/wiki/1998_Cannes_Film_Festivali" title="1998 Cannes Film Festivali">1998</a> <a href="/wiki/Alt%C4%B1n_Palmiye" title="Altın Palmiye">Altın Palmiye</a> ödülünü kazanan, Avrupa sinema tarihinin önemli yönetmenidir</figcaption></figure> <table class="toc" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" width="45%" style="float:right; text-align:center;clear:all; margin-left:2px; font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <th bgcolor="#0f4d92" colspan="4" style="color:white">Ödüllü Yunan filmleri </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th width="40%">Film </th> <th width="30%">Yönetmen </th> <th width="30%">Ödül </th></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikres_Afrodites&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikres Afrodites (sayfa mevcut değil)">Mikres Afrodites</a></i> (1963)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nikos_Kunduros" title="Nikos Kunduros">Nikos Kunduros</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCm%C3%BC%C5%9F_Ay%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Gümüş Ayı">Gümüş Ayı</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rembetiko_(film)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rembetiko (film) (sayfa mevcut değil)">Rembetiko</a></i> (1983)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Costas_Ferris" class="mw-redirect" title="Costas Ferris">Costas Ferris</a></td> <td>Gümüş Ayı </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Ar%C4%B1c%C4%B1_(film,_1986)" title="Arıcı (film, 1986)">Arıcı</a></i> (1986)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Theodoros_Angelopulos" title="Theodoros Angelopulos">Theo Angelopulos</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alt%C4%B1n_Aslan" title="Altın Aslan">Altın Aslan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Puslu_Manzaralar" title="Puslu Manzaralar">Puslu Manzaralar</a></i> (1988)</td> <td>Theo Angelopulos</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCm%C3%BC%C5%9F_Aslan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gümüş Aslan (sayfa mevcut değil)">Gümüş Aslan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Ulis%27in_Bak%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Ulis&#39;in Bakışı">Ulis'in Bakışı</a></i> (1995)</td> <td>Theo Angelopulos</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festivali_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="Cannes Film Festivali Büyük Ödülü">Cannes Büyük</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Sonsuzluk_ve_Bir_G%C3%BCn" title="Sonsuzluk ve Bir Gün">Sonsuzluk ve Bir Gün</a></i> (1998)</td> <td>Theo Angelopulos</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alt%C4%B1n_Palmiye" title="Altın Palmiye">Altın Palmiye</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lobster" title="The Lobster">The Lobster</a></i> (2015)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yorgos_Lanthimos" title="Yorgos Lanthimos">Yorgos Lanthimos</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festivali_J%C3%BCri_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="Cannes Film Festivali Jüri Ödülü">Cannes Jüri</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_sinemas%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan sineması">Yunanistan sineması</a></div> <p>Sinema ilk kez 1896'da Yunanistan'da ortaya çıktı, ancak ilk sinema salonu 1907'de Atina'da açıldı. 1914 yılında <i>Asty Films Company</i> kurularak uzun metrajlı filmlerin yapımına başlandı. Geleneksel bir aşk hikâyesi olan <i>Golfo</i>, daha önce haber bülteni gibi küçük yapımlar olmasına rağmen ilk Yunan uzun metrajlı filmi olarak kabul edilir. </p><p>1931'de Orestis Laskos'un yönettiği <i>Daphnis ve Chloe</i>, Avrupa sinemasının ilk çıplak sahnelerinden birini içeriyordu ve<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> yurt dışında gösterilen ilk Yunan filmiydi.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1944'te <a href="/wiki/Katina_Paksinu" title="Katina Paksinu">Katina Paksinu</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%87anlar_Kimin_%C4%B0%C3%A7in_%C3%87al%C4%B1yor_(film,_1943)" title="Çanlar Kimin İçin Çalıyor (film, 1943)">Çanlar Kimin İçin Çalıyor</a></i> filmiyle <a href="/wiki/En_%C4%B0yi_Yard%C4%B1mc%C4%B1_Kad%C4%B1n_Oyuncu_Akademi_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="En İyi Yardımcı Kadın Oyuncu Akademi Ödülü">En İyi Yardımcı Kadın Oyuncu Akademi Ödülü</a>'ne layık görüldü.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1950'ler ve 1960'ların başı, Yunan sinemasının "altın çağı" olarak kabul edilir.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bu dönemin yönetmenleri ve aktörleri Yunanistan'da önemli figürler olarak tanındı ve bazıları uluslararası beğeni kazandı: George Tzavellas, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0rini_Papas" title="İrini Papas">İrini Papas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melina_Merkuri" title="Melina Merkuri">Melina Merkuri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mihalis_Kakoyannis" title="Mihalis Kakoyannis">Mihalis Kakoyannis</a>, Alekos Sakellarios, Nikos Tsiforos, Iakovos Kambanelis, <a href="/wiki/Katina_Paksinu" title="Katina Paksinu">Katina Paksinu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikos_Kunduros" title="Nikos Kunduros">Nikos Kunduros</a>, Ellie Lambeti ve diğerleri. </p><p>Yılda altmıştan fazla film yapıldı ve bunların çoğunda kara film unsurları vardı. Dikkate değer filmler şunlardır: <i>Sarhoş</i> (1950, yönetmen George Tzavellas), <i>Sahte Para</i> (1955, Giorgos Tzavellas), <i>Πικρό Ψωμί</i> (1951, Grigoris Grigoriou), benzerliği yüzünden azılı bir katilin yerine geçen, bir banka memurunun serüvenini aktaran <i>O Drakos (Canavar)</i> (1956, <a href="/wiki/Nikos_Kunduros" title="Nikos Kunduros">Nikos Kunduros</a>), <i>Stella</i> (1955, Cacoyannis'in yönettiği ve Kampanellis'in yazdığı), <i>Woe to the Young</i> (1961, Alekos Sakellarios), İtalyan saldırısını konu edinen <i>Ouranos</i> (Gökyüzü, 1963) (1962, Takis Kanellopoulos) ve <i>The Red Lanterns</i> (1963, Vasilis Georgiadis). </p><p>Diğer önemli Yunan yönetmenler arasında Anadolu bozgunundan sonra <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a>'ya göçen Rumların tarihini konu edinen <i>Rembetiko</i> filmi ile tanınan <a href="/wiki/Kostas_Ferris" title="Kostas Ferris">Kostas Ferris</a> ve Kıbrıs olaylarını Yunan bakış açısından yansıtan <i><a href="/wiki/Attila_74:_The_Rape_of_Cyprus" title="Attila 74: The Rape of Cyprus">Attila 74</a></i> (1974) ile tanınan <a href="/wiki/Mihalis_Kakoyannis" title="Mihalis Kakoyannis">Mihalis Kakoyannis</a> öne çıkar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPapanikolaou2021_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPapanikolaou2021-124"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cacoyannis, En İyi Yönetmen, En İyi Uyarlama Senaryo ve En İyi Film adaylıklarını kazanan Anthony Quinn'le birlikte <i><a href="/wiki/Zorba_(film)" title="Zorba (film)">Yunan Zorba</a></i> 'yı yönetti.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Finos Film bu dönemde <i>Λατέρνα, Φτώχεια και Φιλότιμο</i>, <i>Madalena</i>, <i>I theia ap' to Chicago</i>, <i>Το ξύλο βγήκε από τον Παράδεισο</i> gibi ve çok daha fazlası filmlerle katkıda bulundu. </p><p>1970'ler ve 1980'lerde <a href="/wiki/Theodoros_Angelopulos" title="Theodoros Angelopulos">Theodoros Angelopulos</a> önemli filmler yönetti. <i><a href="/wiki/Sonsuzluk_ve_Bir_G%C3%BCn" title="Sonsuzluk ve Bir Gün">Sonsuzluk ve Bir Gün</a></i> adlı filmi, <a href="/wiki/1998_Cannes_Film_Festivali" title="1998 Cannes Film Festivali">1998 Cannes Film Festivali</a>'nde Ekümenik Jüri Ödülü'nü ve <a href="/wiki/Frans%C4%B1zca" title="Fransızca">Fransızca</a>:&#160;<span class="lang-fr" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Alt%C4%B1n_Palmiye" title="Altın Palmiye">Altın Palmiye</a></span> ödülünü kazandı.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Theodoros_Angelopulos" title="Theodoros Angelopulos">Theodoros Angelopulos</a>, Yunanistan sinemasının en ses getirmiş olan yönetmenidir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHorton1997_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHorton1997-129"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yönetmenin filmleri arasında <a href="/wiki/Atina" title="Atina">Atina</a>'da adalet dağıtan bir kabadayının yaşamını betimleyen <i><a href="/wiki/Ar%C4%B1c%C4%B1_(film,_1986)" title="Arıcı (film, 1986)">Arıcı</a></i> (1986), Balkan yarımadası tarihini ele alan <i><a href="/wiki/Ulis%27in_Bak%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Ulis&#39;in Bakışı">Ulis'in Bakışı</a></i> (1995) ve ölümcül bir hastalığa yakalanmış bir yazarın teğet geçtiği mutlulukları konu edinen <i><a href="/wiki/Sonsuzluk_ve_Bir_G%C3%BCn" title="Sonsuzluk ve Bir Gün">Sonsuzluk ve Bir Gün</a></i> (1998) öne çıkar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHorton1997_129-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHorton1997-129"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunan diasporasında Yunan-Fransız <a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa-Gavras</a> ve Yunan-Amerikalı <a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Cassavetes" title="John Cassavetes">John Cassavetes</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> gibi uluslararası üne sahip film yapımcıları vardır. <a href="/wiki/Yorgos_Lanthimos" title="Yorgos Lanthimos">Yorgos Lanthimos</a>, bu çalışmasıyla dört <a href="/wiki/Akademi_%C3%96d%C3%BClleri" title="Akademi Ödülleri">Akademi Ödülü</a> adaylığı aldı; bunlar arasında <i><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6pek_Di%C5%9Fi" title="Köpek Dişi">Köpek Dişi</a></i> (2009) filmiyle <a href="/wiki/En_%C4%B0yi_Uluslararas%C4%B1_Film_Akademi_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="En İyi Uluslararası Film Akademi Ödülü">En İyi Yabancı Film</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lobster" title="The Lobster">The Lobster</a></i> (2015) filmiyle <a href="/wiki/En_%C4%B0yi_%C3%96zg%C3%BCn_Senaryo_Akademi_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="En İyi Özgün Senaryo Akademi Ödülü">En İyi Orijinal Senaryo</a> ve <i><a href="/wiki/Saray%C4%B1n_G%C3%B6zdesi" title="Sarayın Gözdesi">The Favorite</a></i> (2018) filmiyle <a href="/wiki/En_%C4%B0yi_Film_Akademi_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="En İyi Film Akademi Ödülü">En İyi Film</a> ve <a href="/wiki/En_%C4%B0yi_Y%C3%B6netmen_Akademi_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="En İyi Yönetmen Akademi Ödülü">En İyi Yönetmen</a> yer alır.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mutfak">Mutfak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=37" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Mutfak" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=37" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Mutfak"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Greek_Salad_from_Thessaloniki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Greek_Salad_from_Thessaloniki.jpg/220px-Greek_Salad_from_Thessaloniki.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Greek_Salad_from_Thessaloniki.jpg/330px-Greek_Salad_from_Thessaloniki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Greek_Salad_from_Thessaloniki.jpg/440px-Greek_Salad_from_Thessaloniki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Feta peyniri ve <a href="/wiki/Zeytin" title="Zeytin">zeytinlerle</a> Yunan salatası.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Yunan_mutfa%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Yunan mutfağı">Yunan mutfağı</a>, <a href="/wiki/Girit_mutfa%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-disambig" title="Girit mutfağı">Girit</a> yemekleriyle özetlenen Akdeniz diyeti'nin özelliğidir.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yunan mutfağı, <a href="/wiki/Musakka" title="Musakka">musakka</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C4%B1r%C4%B1nda_makarna" title="Fırında makarna">pastitsio</a>, klasik Yunan salatası, fasolada, spanakopita ve souvlaki gibi çeşitli yerel yemeklerde taze malzemeler içerir. </p><p>Skordalia (ceviz, badem, ezilmiş sarımsak ve zeytinyağından oluşan kalın bir püre), <a href="/wiki/Mercimek" title="Mercimek">mercimek</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%87orba" title="Çorba">çorbası</a>, retsina (çam reçinesi ile mühürlenmiş beyaz veya gül (rosé) şarabı) ve <a href="/wiki/Susam_helvas%C4%B1" title="Susam helvası">pasteli</a> (bal ile pişirilmiş susamlı çubuk şeker) gibi bazı yemeklerin izi eski Yunanistan'a kadar uzanır. </p><p>Yunanistan genelinde insanlar genellikle ızgara ahtapot ve küçük balık, <a href="/wiki/Beyaz_peynir" title="Beyaz peynir">beyaz peynir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dolma" title="Dolma">dolmades</a> (pirinç, kuş üzümü ve asma yaprağına sarılmış çam fıstıkları), çeşitli <a href="/wiki/Bakliyat" title="Bakliyat">bakliyatlar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zeytin" title="Zeytin">zeytinler</a>, peynir ve <a href="/wiki/Tzatziki" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzatziki">tzatziki</a> gibi çeşitli soslarla birlikte <a href="/wiki/Meze" title="Meze">meze</a> gibi küçük yemeklerden yemeyi sever. <a href="/wiki/Zeytinya%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Zeytinyağı">Zeytinyağı</a> hemen hemen her yemeğe eklenir. </p><p>Bazı tatlılar arasında <a href="/wiki/Melomakarono" title="Melomakarono">melomakarona</a>, diples ve <a href="/wiki/Laz_b%C3%B6re%C4%9Fi" title="Laz böreği">galaktoboureko</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Uzo" title="Uzo">uzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metaxa" title="Metaxa">metaxa</a> gibi içecekler ve retsina dahil çeşitli şaraplar bulunur. Yunan mutfağı, anakaranın farklı bölgelerinden ve adadan adaya büyük farklılıklar gösterir. Bazı çeşniler diğer Akdeniz mutfaklarından daha sık kullanır: <a href="/wiki/Kekik" title="Kekik">kekik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mentha" class="mw-redirect" title="Mentha">nane</a>, sarımsak, <a href="/wiki/So%C4%9Fan" title="Soğan">soğan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dereotu" class="mw-redirect" title="Dereotu">dereotu</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Defne" title="Defne">defne</a> yaprakları. Diğer çok tüketilen ot ve baharatlar arasında <a href="/wiki/Fesle%C4%9Fen" title="Fesleğen">fesleğen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kekik" title="Kekik">kekik</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Rezene" title="Rezene">rezene</a> tohumu vardır. Birçok Yunan tarifinde özellikle ülkenin kuzey kesimlerinde "tatlı" baharatlar etle birlikte örneğin yahnilerde <a href="/wiki/Tar%C3%A7%C4%B1n" title="Tarçın">tarçın</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Karanfil_(baharat)" title="Karanfil (baharat)">karanfil</a> kullanılır. </p><p>Koutouki veya Koutoukian, Yunanistan'da yaygın yeraltı restoranıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-132"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:12_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-133"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medya">Medya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=38" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Medya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=38" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Medya"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Siyasi taraf tutma eğilimindeki Yunan gazeteleri arasında <i><a href="/wiki/Ekathimerini" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekathimerini">Ekathimerini</a></i> ("Günlük"), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleftherotypia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eleftherotypia (sayfa mevcut değil)">Eleftherotypia</a></i> ("Özgür Basın"), <i><a href="/wiki/To_Vima" title="To Vima">To Vima</a></i> ("Tribün") ve 2009 ekonomik krizinin ardından yalnızca çevrimiçi yayınlanan <i><a href="/wiki/Ta_Nea" title="Ta Nea">Ta Nea</a></i> ("Haberler") öne çıkar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Devletin televizyon ve radyo yayıncılığındaki tekeli 1980'lerde kırıldı ve bu da özel istasyonların doğmasına neden oldu.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaynakça"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynakça</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=39" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kaynakça" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=39" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kaynakça"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32805677">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ELSTAT-1"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-ELSTAT_1-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151113175736/http://www.statistics.gr/documents/20181/1210503/resident_population_census2011rev.xls/956f8949-513b-45b3-8c02-74f5e8ff0230"><bdi lang="el">Απογραφή Πληθυσμού – Κατοικιών 2011. ΜΟΝΙΜΟΣ Πληθυσμός</bdi></a> &#91;Results of Population-Housing Census 2011 concerning the permanent population of the country&#93; (Yunanca). 20 Mart 2014. 13 Kasım 2015 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statistics.gr/documents/20181/1210503/resident_population_census2011rev.xls/956f8949-513b-45b3-8c02-74f5e8ff0230">kaynağından</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">25 Ekim</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%CE%91%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE+%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D+%E2%80%93+%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD+2011.+%CE%9C%CE%9F%CE%9D%CE%99%CE%9C%CE%9F%CE%A3+%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82&amp;rft.date=2014-03-20&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gr%2Fdocuments%2F20181%2F1210503%2Fresident_population_census2011rev.xls%2F956f8949-513b-45b3-8c02-74f5e8ff0230&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMF-2"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-IMF_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMF_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMF_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMF_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=158,&amp;s=NGDP_RPCH,NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2021&amp;ey=2028&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1">"Uluslararası Para Fonu 2023 GYSİH Tahminleri"</a>. <i>Dünya Ekonomi Tahmini</i>. Uluslararası Para Fonu. 10 Ekim 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=D%C3%BCnya+Ekonomi+Tahmini&amp;rft.atitle=Uluslararas%C4%B1+Para+Fonu+2023+GYS%C4%B0H+Tahminleri&amp;rft.date=2023-10-10&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2023%2FOctober%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D158%2C%26s%3DNGDP_RPCH%2CNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2021%26ey%3D2028%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Arşivlenmesi gereken bağlantıya sahip kaynak şablonu içeren maddeler (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Ar%C5%9Fivlenmesi_gereken_ba%C4%9Flant%C4%B1ya_sahip_kaynak_%C5%9Fablonu_i%C3%A7eren_maddeler" title="Kategori:Arşivlenmesi gereken bağlantıya sahip kaynak şablonu içeren maddeler">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statistics.gr/documents/20181/bf91316c-4831-8cde-01c9-f7c8f5ff2fbc">"Geliş Eşitsizliği"</a>. Piraeus: Hellenic Statistical Authority. 19 Haziran 2020. 26 Haziran 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200626071504/https://www.statistics.gr/documents/20181/bf91316c-4831-8cde-01c9-f7c8f5ff2fbc">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">23 Haziran</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Geli%C5%9F+E%C5%9Fitsizli%C4%9Fi&amp;rft.place=Piraeus&amp;rft.pub=Hellenic+Statistical+Authority&amp;rft.date=2020-06-19&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gr%2Fdocuments%2F20181%2Fbf91316c-4831-8cde-01c9-f7c8f5ff2fbc&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNHDR-4"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-UNHDR_4-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf"><i>Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. United Nations Development Programme. 15 Aralık 2020. ss.&#160;343-346. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-92-1-126442-5" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-92-1-126442-5">978-92-1-126442-5</a>. 15 Aralık 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201215063955/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 16 Aralık 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2020+The+Next+Frontier%3A+Human+Development+and+the+Anthropocene&amp;rft.pages=343-346&amp;rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&amp;rft.date=2020-12-15&amp;rft.isbn=978-92-1-126442-5&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fhdr2020.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009-5"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-30"><sup><i><b>ae</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-31"><sup><i><b>af</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-32"><sup><i><b>ag</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-33"><sup><i><b>ah</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-34"><sup><i><b>ai</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-35"><sup><i><b>aj</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-36"><sup><i><b>ak</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-37"><sup><i><b>al</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-38"><sup><i><b>am</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-39"><sup><i><b>an</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-40"><sup><i><b>ao</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-41"><sup><i><b>ap</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-42"><sup><i><b>aq</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-43"><sup><i><b>ar</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-44"><sup><i><b>as</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-45"><sup><i><b>at</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-46"><sup><i><b>au</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-47"><sup><i><b>av</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-48"><sup><i><b>aw</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-49"><sup><i><b>ax</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-50"><sup><i><b>ay</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-51"><sup><i><b>az</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-52"><sup><i><b>ba</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-53"><sup><i><b>bb</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-54"><sup><i><b>bc</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-55"><sup><i><b>bd</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-56"><sup><i><b>be</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-57"><sup><i><b>bf</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-58"><sup><i><b>bg</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-59"><sup><i><b>bh</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-60"><sup><i><b>bi</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-61"><sup><i><b>bj</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-62"><sup><i><b>bk</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-63"><sup><i><b>bl</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-64"><sup><i><b>bm</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-65"><sup><i><b>bn</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-66"><sup><i><b>bo</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-67"><sup><i><b>bp</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-68"><sup><i><b>bq</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-69"><sup><i><b>br</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-70"><sup><i><b>bs</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-71"><sup><i><b>bt</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-72"><sup><i><b>bu</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-73"><sup><i><b>bv</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-74"><sup><i><b>bw</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-75"><sup><i><b>bx</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-76"><sup><i><b>by</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-77"><sup><i><b>bz</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-78"><sup><i><b>ca</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-79"><sup><i><b>cb</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-80"><sup><i><b>cc</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-81"><sup><i><b>cd</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-82"><sup><i><b>ce</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-83"><sup><i><b>cf</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-84"><sup><i><b>cg</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-85"><sup><i><b>ch</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-86"><sup><i><b>ci</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-87"><sup><i><b>cj</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-88"><sup><i><b>ck</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-89"><sup><i><b>cl</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-90"><sup><i><b>cm</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-91"><sup><i><b>cn</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-92"><sup><i><b>co</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-93"><sup><i><b>cp</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-94"><sup><i><b>cq</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-95"><sup><i><b>cr</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-96"><sup><i><b>cs</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-97"><sup><i><b>ct</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-98"><sup><i><b>cu</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-99"><sup><i><b>cv</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-100"><sup><i><b>cw</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-101"><sup><i><b>cx</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-102"><sup><i><b>cy</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-103"><sup><i><b>cz</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-104"><sup><i><b>da</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-105"><sup><i><b>db</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-106"><sup><i><b>dc</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-107"><sup><i><b>dd</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-108"><sup><i><b>de</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-109"><sup><i><b>df</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-110"><sup><i><b>dg</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-111"><sup><i><b>dh</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-112"><sup><i><b>di</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-113"><sup><i><b>dj</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-114"><sup><i><b>dk</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-115"><sup><i><b>dl</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-116"><sup><i><b>dm</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-117"><sup><i><b>dn</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-118"><sup><i><b>do</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-119"><sup><i><b>dp</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-120"><sup><i><b>dq</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-121"><sup><i><b>dr</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-122"><sup><i><b>ds</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-123"><sup><i><b>dt</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-124"><sup><i><b>du</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-125"><sup><i><b>dv</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-126"><sup><i><b>dw</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-127"><sup><i><b>dx</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-128"><sup><i><b>dy</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-129"><sup><i><b>dz</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-130"><sup><i><b>ea</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-131"><sup><i><b>eb</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-132"><sup><i><b>ec</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-133"><sup><i><b>ed</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-134"><sup><i><b>ee</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-135"><sup><i><b>ef</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-136"><sup><i><b>eg</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-137"><sup><i><b>eh</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-138"><sup><i><b>ei</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-139"><sup><i><b>ej</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-140"><sup><i><b>ek</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-141"><sup><i><b>el</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-142"><sup><i><b>em</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-143"><sup><i><b>en</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeridis2009_5-144"><sup><i><b>eo</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKeridis2009">Keridis 2009</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atlantik1967-6"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantik1967_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantik1967_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Vermeule, Vermeule (1 Aralık 1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1967/12/the-promise-of-thera/303778/">"The Promise of Thera"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (İngilizce). 30 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210830200312/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1967/12/the-promise-of-thera/303778/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Promise+of+Thera&amp;rft.date=1967-12-01&amp;rft.aulast=Vermeule&amp;rft.aufirst=Vermeule&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F1967%2F12%2Fthe-promise-of-thera%2F303778%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atlantik2010-7"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantik2010_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantik2010_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantik2010_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Haseltine, Haseltine (24 Eylül 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/personal/archive/2010/09/crete-a-walk-through-history/63527/">"Crete: A Walk Through History"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (İngilizce). 30 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210830195418/https://www.theatlantic.com/personal/archive/2010/09/crete-a-walk-through-history/63527/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Crete%3A+A+Walk+Through+History&amp;rft.date=2010-09-24&amp;rft.aulast=Haseltine&amp;rft.aufirst=Haseltine&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fpersonal%2Farchive%2F2010%2F09%2Fcrete-a-walk-through-history%2F63527%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NAT-20190710-8"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-NAT-20190710_8-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Harvati, Katerina; ve diğerleri. (10 Temmuz 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenodo.org/record/6646855">"Apidima Cave fossils provide earliest evidence of Homo sapiens in Eurasia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(dergi)" title="Nature (dergi)">Nature</a></i>. <b>571</b> (7766). ss.&#160;500-504. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1376-z">10.1038/s41586-019-1376-z</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed_tanımlayıcısı" title="PubMed">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31292546">31292546</a>. 1 Ağustos 2022 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220801132212/https://zenodo.org/record/6646855">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">30 Nisan</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Apidima+Cave+fossils+provide+earliest+evidence+of+Homo+sapiens+in+Eurasia&amp;rft.pages=500-504&amp;rft.date=2019-07-10&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41586-019-1376-z&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31292546&amp;rft.aulast=Harvati&amp;rft.aufirst=Katerina&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F6646855&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-9"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-:5_9-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">Marie-Antoinette de Lumley, Gaspard Guipert, Henry de Lumley, Natassa Protopapa, Théodoros Pitsios, Apidima 1 and Apidima 2: Two anteneandertal skulls in the Peloponnese, Greece, L'Anthropologie, Cilt 124, Sayı 1, 2020, 102743, ISSN 0003-5521, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anthro.2019.102743">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anthro.2019.102743</a> 10 Haziran 2024 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610015655/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003552119300974?via%3Dihub">arşivlendi</a>..</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Douka, K.; Perles, C.; Valladas, H.; Vanhaeren, M.; Hedges, R.E.M. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/1129937">"Franchthi Cave revisited: the age of the Aurignacian in south-eastern Europe"</a>. <i>Antiquity Magazine</i>. s.&#160;1133. 22 Aralık 2023 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231222140445/https://www.academia.edu/1129937">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">30 Nisan</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Franchthi+Cave+revisited%3A+the+age+of+the+Aurignacian+in+south-eastern+Europe&amp;rft.pages=1133&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.aulast=Douka&amp;rft.aufirst=K.&amp;rft.au=Perles%2C+C.&amp;rft.au=Valladas%2C+H.&amp;rft.au=Vanhaeren%2C+M.&amp;rft.au=Hedges%2C+R.E.M.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F1129937&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Borza-11"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Borza_11-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Eugene N. Borza (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=614pd07OtfQC&amp;pg=PA58"><i>In the Shadow of Olympus: The Emergence of Macedon</i></a>. Princeton University Press. s.&#160;58. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-691-00880-6" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-691-00880-6">978-0-691-00880-6</a>. 10 Haziran 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610015721/https://books.google.com/books?id=614pd07OtfQC&amp;pg=PA58#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">30 Nisan</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=In+the+Shadow+of+Olympus%3A+The+Emergence+of+Macedon&amp;rft.pages=58&amp;rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-691-00880-6&amp;rft.au=Eugene+N.+Borza&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D614pd07OtfQC%26pg%3DPA58&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Perlès, Catherine (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LQQ3tx5_t7QC&amp;q=sesklo"><i>The Early Neolithic in Greece: The First Farming Communities in Europe</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. s.&#160;1. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/9780521000277" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/9780521000277">9780521000277</a>. 10 Haziran 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610015728/https://books.google.com/books?id=LQQ3tx5_t7QC&amp;q=sesklo">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">30 Nisan</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Early+Neolithic+in+Greece%3A+The+First+Farming+Communities+in+Europe&amp;rft.pages=1&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.isbn=9780521000277&amp;rft.aulast=Perl%C3%A8s&amp;rft.aufirst=Catherine&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLQQ3tx5_t7QC%26q%3Dsesklo&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Sansone, David (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YJONdN0dNYQC&amp;q=cycladic%20civilization&amp;pg=PT27"><i>Ancient Greek civilization</i></a>. Wiley. s.&#160;5. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/9781444358773" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/9781444358773">9781444358773</a>. 10 Haziran 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610015654/https://books.google.com/books?id=YJONdN0dNYQC&amp;q=cycladic%20civilization&amp;pg=PT27#v=snippet&amp;q=cycladic%20civilization&amp;f=false">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">30 Nisan</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Ancient+Greek+civilization&amp;rft.pages=5&amp;rft.pub=Wiley&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.isbn=9781444358773&amp;rft.aulast=Sansone&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYJONdN0dNYQC%26q%3Dcycladic%2520civilization%26pg%3DPT27&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Frucht2004-14"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Frucht2004_14-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Frucht, Richard C (31 Aralık 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lVBB1a0rC70C&amp;pg=PA847"><i>Eastern Europe: An Introduction to the People, Lands, and Culture</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. s.&#160;847. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-57607-800-6" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-57607-800-6">978-1-57607-800-6</a>. 10 Haziran 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610015707/https://books.google.com/books?id=lVBB1a0rC70C&amp;pg=PA847">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 5 Aralık 2012</span>. <q>People appear to have first entered Greece as hunter-gatherers from southwest Asia about 50,000 years... of Bronze Age culture and technology laid the foundations for the rise of Europe's first civilization, Minoan Crete</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Eastern+Europe%3A+An+Introduction+to+the+People%2C+Lands%2C+and+Culture&amp;rft.pages=847&amp;rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&amp;rft.date=2004-12-31&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-57607-800-6&amp;rft.aulast=Frucht&amp;rft.aufirst=Richard+C&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlVBB1a0rC70C%26pg%3DPA847&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World_and_Its_Peoples-15"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-World_and_Its_Peoples_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_and_Its_Peoples_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b5vHRWp8yqEC&amp;pg=PA1458"><i>World and Its Peoples</i></a>. Marshall Cavendish. Eylül 2009. s.&#160;1458. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-7614-7902-4" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-7614-7902-4">978-0-7614-7902-4</a>. 10 Haziran 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610015655/https://books.google.com/books?id=b5vHRWp8yqEC&amp;pg=PA1458#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 5 Aralık 2012</span>. <q>Greece was home to the earliest European civilizations, the Minoan civilization of Crete, which developed around 2000 BC, and the Mycenaean civilization on the Greek mainland, which emerged about 400 years later. The ancient Minoan</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=World+and+Its+Peoples&amp;rft.pages=1458&amp;rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish&amp;rft.date=2009-09&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7614-7902-4&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Db5vHRWp8yqEC%26pg%3DPA1458&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Duchesne2011-16"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Duchesne2011_16-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ricardo_Duchesne&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ricardo Duchesne (sayfa mevcut değil)">Ricardo Duchesne</a> (7 Şubat 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pWmDPzPo0XAC&amp;pg=PA297"><i>The Uniqueness of Western Civilization</i></a>. BRILL. s.&#160;297. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-90-04-19248-5" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-90-04-19248-5">978-90-04-19248-5</a>. <q>The list of books which have celebrated Greece as the "cradle" of the West is endless; two more examples are Charles Freeman's The Greek Achievement: The Foundation of the Western World (1999) and Bruce Thornton's Greek Ways: How the Greeks Created Western Civilization (2000)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Uniqueness+of+Western+Civilization&amp;rft.pages=297&amp;rft.pub=BRILL&amp;rft.date=2011-02-07&amp;rft.isbn=978-90-04-19248-5&amp;rft.au=Ricardo+Duchesne&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpWmDPzPo0XAC%26pg%3DPA297&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BotticiChalland2013-17"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-BotticiChalland2013_17-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Chiara Bottici; Benoît Challand (11 Ocak 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QW1lrPMXprwC&amp;pg=PA88"><i>The Myth of the Clash of Civilizations</i></a>. Routledge. s.&#160;88. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-136-95119-0" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-136-95119-0">978-1-136-95119-0</a>. <q>The reason why even such a sophisticated historian as Pagden can do it is that the idea that Greece is the cradle of civilisation is so much rooted in western minds and school curricula as to be taken for granted.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Myth+of+the+Clash+of+Civilizations&amp;rft.pages=88&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=2013-01-11&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-136-95119-0&amp;rft.au=Chiara+Bottici&amp;rft.au=Beno%C3%AEt+Challand&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQW1lrPMXprwC%26pg%3DPA88&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Drews&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Drews (sayfa mevcut değil)">Drews, Robert</a> (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bFpK6aXEWN8C&amp;q=greece%20bronze%20age%20collapse"><i>The End of the Bronze Age: Changes in Warfare and the Catastrophe Ca. 1200 BC</i></a>. Princeton University Press. s.&#160;3. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0691025916" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/0691025916">0691025916</a>. 10 Haziran 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610015656/https://books.google.com/books?id=bFpK6aXEWN8C&amp;q=greece%20bronze%20age%20collapse#v=snippet&amp;q=greece%20bronze%20age%20collapse&amp;f=false">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">30 Nisan</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+End+of+the+Bronze+Age%3A+Changes+in+Warfare+and+the+Catastrophe+Ca.+1200+BC&amp;rft.pages=3&amp;rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1995&amp;rft.isbn=0691025916&amp;rft.aulast=Drews&amp;rft.aufirst=Robert&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbFpK6aXEWN8C%26q%3Dgreece%2520bronze%2520age%2520collapse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Beckman, Gary M.; Bryce, Trevor R.; Cline, Eric H. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sbl-site.org/assets/pdfs/pubs/061528P.front.pdf">"Writings from the Ancient World: The Ahhiyawa Texts"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Writings from the Ancient World</i>. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. s.&#160;6. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_S%C3%BCreli_Yay%C4%B1n_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Süreli Yayın Numarası">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1570-7008">1570-7008</a>. 9 Nisan 2015 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150409120519/http://www.sbl-site.org/assets/pdfs/pubs/061528P.front.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Writings+from+the+Ancient+World%3A+The+Ahhiyawa+Texts&amp;rft.place=Atlanta&amp;rft.pages=6&amp;rft.pub=Society+of+Biblical+Literature&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.issn=1570-7008&amp;rft.aulast=Beckman&amp;rft.aufirst=Gary+M.&amp;rft.au=Bryce%2C+Trevor+R.&amp;rft.au=Cline%2C+Eric+H.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sbl-site.org%2Fassets%2Fpdfs%2Fpubs%2F061528P.front.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Kelder, Jorrit M. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/218696">"The Kingdom of Mycenae: A Great Kingdom in the Late Bronze Age Aegean"</a>. <i>CDL Press</i>. Bethesda, MD. ss.&#160;45, 86, 108. 13 Temmuz 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210713103627/https://www.academia.edu/218696">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">18 Mart</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Kingdom+of+Mycenae%3A+A+Great+Kingdom+in+the+Late+Bronze+Age+Aegean&amp;rft.place=Bethesda%2C+MD&amp;rft.pages=45%2C+86%2C+108&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.aulast=Kelder&amp;rft.aufirst=Jorrit+M.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F218696&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atlantik2008-21"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantik2008_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantik2008_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Schwarz, Benjamin (1 Aralık 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2008/12/geography-is-destiny/307163/">"Geography Is Destiny"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (İngilizce). 8 Aralık 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191208002648/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200812/editors-choice">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Geography+Is+Destiny&amp;rft.date=2008-12-01&amp;rft.aulast=Schwarz&amp;rft.aufirst=Benjamin&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F2008%2F12%2Fgeography-is-destiny%2F307163%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Short, John R (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uGE9AAAAIAAJ&amp;q=greek%20dark%20ages%20776%20BC&amp;pg=PA10"><i>An Introduction to Urban Geography</i></a>. Routledge. s.&#160;10. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/9780710203724" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/9780710203724">9780710203724</a>. 10 Haziran 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610020158/https://books.google.com/books?id=uGE9AAAAIAAJ&amp;q=greek%20dark%20ages%20776%20BC&amp;pg=PA10">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">30 Nisan</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Urban+Geography&amp;rft.pages=10&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=1987&amp;rft.isbn=9780710203724&amp;rft.aulast=Short&amp;rft.aufirst=John+R&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuGE9AAAAIAAJ%26q%3Dgreek%2520dark%2520ages%2520776%2520BC%26pg%3DPA10&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atlantic2016-23"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantic2016_23-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak haber">Weiner, Eric (10 Şubat 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/02/what-made-ancient-athens-a-city-of-genius/462009/">"Searching for the Secret to Athenian Genius"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (İngilizce). 30 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210830193908/https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/02/what-made-ancient-athens-a-city-of-genius/462009/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 30 Ağustos 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Searching+for+the+Secret+to+Athenian+Genius&amp;rft.date=2016-02-10&amp;rft.aulast=Weiner&amp;rft.aufirst=Eric&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fscience%2Farchive%2F2016%2F02%2Fwhat-made-ancient-athens-a-city-of-genius%2F462009%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atlantik2002-24"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantik2002_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantik2002_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantik2002_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantik2002_24-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atlantik2002_24-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Lester, Lester (1 Kasım 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2002/11/notes-from-antiquity/302618/">"Notes from Antiquity"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (İngilizce). 30 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210830200529/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2002/11/notes-from-antiquity/302618/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Notes+from+Antiquity&amp;rft.date=2002-11-01&amp;rft.aulast=Lester&amp;rft.aufirst=Lester&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F2002%2F11%2Fnotes-from-antiquity%2F302618%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">Vidal-Naquet, Pierre. <i>Le monde d'Homère</i> (The World of Homer), Perrin (2000), p. 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Odyssey_2003-26"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-The_Odyssey_2003_26-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">D.C.H. Rieu's introduction to <i>The Odyssey</i> (Penguin, 2003), p. <i>xi</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchuller2008">Schuller 2008</a>, ss.&#160;27, 88–89</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BKDunn1992-28"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-BKDunn1992_28-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Dunn, John (1994). <i>Democracy: the unfinished journey 508 BC&#160;– 1993 AD</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-19-827934-1" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-19-827934-1">978-0-19-827934-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Democracy%3A+the+unfinished+journey+508+BC+%E2%80%93+1993+AD&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-827934-1&amp;rft.aulast=Dunn&amp;rft.aufirst=John&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BKRaaflaud2007-29"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-BKRaaflaud2007_29-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Raaflaub, Kurt A; Ober, Josiah; Wallace, Robert W (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6qaSHHMaGVkC"><i>Origin of Democracy in Ancient Greece</i></a>. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-520-24562-4" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-520-24562-4">978-0-520-24562-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Origin+of+Democracy+in+Ancient+Greece&amp;rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-520-24562-4&amp;rft.aulast=Raaflaub&amp;rft.aufirst=Kurt+A&amp;rft.au=Ober%2C+Josiah&amp;rft.au=Wallace%2C+Robert+W&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6qaSHHMaGVkC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">Joseph Roisman, Ian Worthington. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QsJ183uUDkMC&amp;q=Achaemenid+Persians+ruled+balkans&amp;pg=PA345">"A companion to Ancient Macedonia"</a> 30 Mart 2024 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240330042424/https://books.google.com/books?id=QsJ183uUDkMC&amp;q=Achaemenid+Persians+ruled+balkans&amp;pg=PA345#v=snippet&amp;q=Achaemenid%20Persians%20ruled%20balkans&amp;f=false">arşivlendi</a>. John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2011. <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/144435163X" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/144435163X">144435163X</a> pp 135–138, p 343</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Waterfield2018-31"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Waterfield2018_31-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Robin Waterfield (19 Nisan 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lLNSDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA148"><i>Creators, Conquerors, and Citizens: A History of Ancient Greece</i></a>. Oxford University Press. s.&#160;148. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-19-872788-0" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-19-872788-0">978-0-19-872788-0</a>. 10 Haziran 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610020158/https://books.google.com/books?id=lLNSDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA148#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">30 Nisan</span> 2024</span>. <q>They formed an alliance, which we call the Hellenic League, and bound themselves not just to repel the Persians, but to help one another whatever particular enemy threatened the freedom of the Greek cities. This was a real acknowledgment of a shared Greekness, and a first attempt to unify the Greek states under such a banner.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Creators%2C+Conquerors%2C+and+Citizens%3A+A+History+of+Ancient+Greece&amp;rft.pages=148&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2018-04-19&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-872788-0&amp;rft.au=Robin+Waterfield&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlLNSDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA148&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fine1983-32"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Fine1983_32-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">John Van Antwerp Fine (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NjeM0kcp8swC&amp;pg=PA297"><i>The Ancient Greeks: A Critical History</i></a>. Harvard University Press. s.&#160;297. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-674-03314-6" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-674-03314-6">978-0-674-03314-6</a>. 10 Haziran 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610020202/https://books.google.com/books?id=NjeM0kcp8swC&amp;pg=PA297#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">30 Nisan</span> 2024</span>. <q>This Hellenic League – the first union of Greek states since the mythical times of the Trojan War – was the instrument through which the Greeks organised their successful resistance to Persia.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Ancient+Greeks%3A+A+Critical+History&amp;rft.pages=297&amp;rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1983&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-674-03314-6&amp;rft.au=John+Van+Antwerp+Fine&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNjeM0kcp8swC%26pg%3DPA297&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strauss2005-33"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Strauss2005_33-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Barry Strauss (16 Ağustos 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nQFtMcD5dOsC"><i>The Battle of Salamis: The Naval Encounter That Saved Greece – and Western Civilization</i></a>. Simon and Schuster. ss.&#160;1-11. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-7432-7453-1" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-7432-7453-1">978-0-7432-7453-1</a>. 29 Nisan 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240429045458/https://books.google.com/books?id=nQFtMcD5dOsC">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">30 Nisan</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Battle+of+Salamis%3A+The+Naval+Encounter+That+Saved+Greece+%E2%80%93+and+Western+Civilization&amp;rft.pages=1-11&amp;rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&amp;rft.date=2005-08-16&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7432-7453-1&amp;rft.au=Barry+Strauss&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnQFtMcD5dOsC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWorthington201542–43-34"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWorthington201542–43_34-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWorthington2015">Worthington 2015</a>, ss.&#160;42–43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalbank1993">Walbank 1993</a>, ss.&#160;13–14, 29–30, <a href="#CITEREFSchuller2008">Schuller 2008</a>, ss.&#160;49–51, 52–53, <a href="#CITEREFHornblower2011">Hornblower 2011</a>, ss.&#160;268–270, 285–9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalbank1993">Walbank 1993</a>, ss.&#160;31–2, 34–5, 36–7, <a href="#CITEREFGehrke1995">Gehrke 1995</a>, ss.&#160;10–3, 16–7, 21, 24–5, 28–9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalbank1993">Walbank 1993</a>, ss.&#160;46–8, 59, 74–5, <a href="#CITEREFGehrke1995">Gehrke 1995</a>, ss.&#160;30, 32, 45–8, 54–5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalbank1993">Walbank 1993</a>, ss.&#160;62–3, 133–9, <a href="#CITEREFGehrke1995">Gehrke 1995</a>, ss.&#160;63–65, 73, 75–6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Kosso, Cynthia; Scott, Anne (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UTkXFLfmLTkC&amp;q=hellenistic%20mathematics%20science%20technology&amp;pg=PA51"><i>The Nature and Function of Water, Baths, Bathing, and Hygiene from Antiquity Through the Renaissance</i></a>. Brill. s.&#160;51. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-9004173576" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-9004173576">978-9004173576</a>. 18 Mart 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240318020442/https://books.google.com/books?id=UTkXFLfmLTkC&amp;q=hellenistic%20mathematics%20science%20technology&amp;pg=PA51#v=snippet&amp;q=hellenistic%20mathematics%20science%20technology&amp;f=false">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">30 Nisan</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Nature+and+Function+of+Water%2C+Baths%2C+Bathing%2C+and+Hygiene+from+Antiquity+Through+the+Renaissance&amp;rft.pages=51&amp;rft.pub=Brill&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=978-9004173576&amp;rft.aulast=Kosso&amp;rft.aufirst=Cynthia&amp;rft.au=Scott%2C+Anne&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUTkXFLfmLTkC%26q%3Dhellenistic%2520mathematics%2520science%2520technology%26pg%3DPA51&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalbank1993">Walbank 1993</a>, ss.&#160;79–80, 91–2, 141–2, 151–2, <a href="#CITEREFGehrke1995">Gehrke 1995</a>, ss.&#160;68–70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECline2010-41"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECline2010_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECline2010_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECline2010_41-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCline2010">Cline 2010</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Flower-42"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-Flower_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flower_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Flower, Harriet, (Ed.) (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani0000unse_s0h2/page/248"><i>The Roman Republic</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. ss.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgecompani0000unse_s0h2/page/248">248, 258</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-521-00390-2" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-521-00390-2">978-0-521-00390-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Roman+Republic&amp;rft.pages=248%2C+258&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-521-00390-2&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridgecompani0000unse_s0h2%2Fpage%2F248&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">"Antigonid dynasty". <i>Britannica</i> (online bas.). 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Antigonid+dynasty&amp;rft.btitle=Britannica&amp;rft.edition=online&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReinhold-44"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReinhold_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReinhold_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReinhold_44-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReinhold">Reinhold</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoedig-45"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoedig_45-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoedig">Roedig</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ward-46"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-Ward_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ward_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Ward, Allen Mason; ve diğerleri. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofromanpe00alle/page/276"><i>A history of the Roman people</i></a>. Prentice Hall. s.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofromanpe00alle/page/276">276</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-13-038480-5" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-13-038480-5">978-0-13-038480-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+history+of+the+Roman+people&amp;rft.pages=276&amp;rft.pub=Prentice+Hall&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-13-038480-5&amp;rft.aulast=Ward&amp;rft.aufirst=Allen+Mason&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofromanpe00alle%2Fpage%2F276&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Zoch, Paul (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=95bu0O3LLlsC&amp;q=Graecia%20capta%20ferum%20victorem%20cepit&amp;pg=PA136"><i>Ancient Rome: An Introductory History</i></a>. University of Oklahoma Press. s.&#160;136. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-8061-3287-7" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-8061-3287-7">978-0-8061-3287-7</a>. 10 Haziran 2024 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240610020159/https://books.google.com/books?id=95bu0O3LLlsC&amp;q=Graecia%20capta%20ferum%20victorem%20cepit&amp;pg=PA136#v=snippet&amp;q=Graecia%20capta%20ferum%20victorem%20cepit&amp;f=false">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">29 Nisan</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Ancient+Rome%3A+An+Introductory+History&amp;rft.pages=136&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Oklahoma+Press&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-8061-3287-7&amp;rft.aulast=Zoch&amp;rft.aufirst=Paul&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D95bu0O3LLlsC%26q%3DGraecia%2520capta%2520ferum%2520victorem%2520cepit%26pg%3DPA136&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">R. Birley, Anthony (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VV8hBcCnYaIC&amp;pg=PA16"><i>Hadrian: The Restless Emperor</i></a>. Abingdon: Routledge. ss.&#160;16-17. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-415-16544-0" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-415-16544-0">978-0-415-16544-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Hadrian%3A+The+Restless+Emperor&amp;rft.place=Abingdon&amp;rft.pages=16-17&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-415-16544-0&amp;rft.aulast=R.+Birley&amp;rft.aufirst=Anthony&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVV8hBcCnYaIC%26pg%3DPA16&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak video">Kouremenos, Anna (2022). "The City of Hadrian and not of Theseus: A cultural history of Hadrian's Arch". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/43746490/_Forthcoming_The_City_of_Hadrian_and_not_of_Theseus_A_Cultural_History_of_Hadrians_Arch"><i>The Province of Achaea in the 2nd Century CE: The Past Present</i></a>. Londra: Routledge. 4 Nisan 2023 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230404070818/https://www.academia.edu/43746490/_Forthcoming_The_City_of_Hadrian_and_not_of_Theseus_A_Cultural_History_of_Hadrians_Arch">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">30 Nisan</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Province+of+Achaea+in+the+2nd+Century+CE%3A+The+Past+Present&amp;rft.place=Londra&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=2022&amp;rft.aulast=Kouremenos&amp;rft.aufirst=Anna&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F43746490%2F_Forthcoming_The_City_of_Hadrian_and_not_of_Theseus_A_Cultural_History_of_Hadrians_Arch&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright2006-50"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright2006_50-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWright2006">Wright 2006</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPollis1958-51"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPollis1958_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPollis1958_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPollis1958_51-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPollis1958">Pollis 1958</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBosworth2009-52"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBosworth2009_52-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBosworth2009">Bosworth 2009</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-coğ1-53"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-coğ1_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coğ1_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coğ1_53-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coğ1_53-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coğ1_53-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coğ1_53-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coğ1_53-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coğ1_53-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coğ1_53-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Nijman, Jan (2020). <i>Geography: Realms, Regions, and Concepts</i> (20. bas.). Wiley. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1119607410" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1119607410">978-1119607410</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Geography%3A+Realms%2C+Regions%2C+and+Concepts&amp;rft.edition=20.&amp;rft.pub=Wiley&amp;rft.date=2020&amp;rft.isbn=978-1119607410&amp;rft.aulast=Nijman&amp;rft.aufirst=Jan&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Marker, Sherry; Bowman, John; Kerasiotis, Peter; Sarna, Heidi (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wvlP7D9C_7gC&amp;pg=PA12"><i>Frommer's Greek Islands</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_%26_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley &amp; Sons">John Wiley &amp; Sons</a>. s.&#160;12. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-470-52664-4" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-470-52664-4">978-0-470-52664-4</a>. 26 Temmuz 2022 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220726145531/https://books.google.com/books?id=wvlP7D9C_7gC&amp;pg=PA12">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">26 Temmuz</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Frommer%27s+Greek+Islands&amp;rft.pages=12&amp;rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-470-52664-4&amp;rft.au=Marker%2C+Sherry&amp;rft.au=Bowman%2C+John&amp;rft.au=Kerasiotis%2C+Peter&amp;rft.au=Sarna%2C+Heidi&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwvlP7D9C_7gC%26pg%3DPA12&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-idari-55"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-idari_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-idari_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-idari_55-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-idari_55-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Hlepas, Nikolaos-Komninos (2011). <i>The Impact of local government reforms in Greece: a critical overview</i>. Editura Economicǎ. ss.&#160;67-87. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-973-709-531-2" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-973-709-531-2">978-973-709-531-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Impact+of+local+government+reforms+in+Greece%3A+a+critical+overview&amp;rft.pages=67-87&amp;rft.pub=Editura+Economic%C7%8E&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.isbn=978-973-709-531-2&amp;rft.aulast=Hlepas&amp;rft.aufirst=Nikolaos-Komninos&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Agency_2013_p._991-56"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Agency_2013_p._991_56-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Agency, C.I. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aFuCDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT991"><i>The CIA World Factbook 2014</i></a>. Skyhorse. s.&#160;991. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-62873-451-5" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-62873-451-5">978-1-62873-451-5</a>. 4 Nisan 2023 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230404065342/https://books.google.com/books?id=aFuCDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT991">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 14 Şubat 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+CIA+World+Factbook+2014&amp;rft.pages=991&amp;rft.pub=Skyhorse&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-62873-451-5&amp;rft.aulast=Agency&amp;rft.aufirst=C.I.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaFuCDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT991&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/">"The World Factbook -- Greece"</a>. Central Intelligence Agency. 9 Ocak 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210109063832/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">19 Temmuz</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+World+Factbook+--+Greece&amp;rft.pub=Central+Intelligence+Agency&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fgreece%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Dempsey, Judy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/49185">"EU and NATO Look on at Greece's Pampered Armed Forces"</a>. Carnegie Europe. 24 Temmuz 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170724115105/http://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/49185">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">19 Temmuz</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=EU+and+NATO+Look+on+at+Greece%27s+Pampered+Armed+Forces&amp;rft.pub=Carnegie+Europe&amp;rft.aulast=Dempsey&amp;rft.aufirst=Judy&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcarnegieeurope.eu%2Fstrategiceurope%2F49185&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131003101034/https://www.statista.com/statistics/263698/unemployment-rate-in-greece/">"Greece - Unemployment rate 2020"</a>. <i>Statista</i> (İngilizce). 3 Ekim 2013 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/263698/unemployment-rate-in-greece/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Statista&amp;rft.atitle=Greece+-+Unemployment+rate+2020&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F263698%2Funemployment-rate-in-greece%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131003092658/https://www.statista.com/statistics/270409/national-debt-of-greece/">"Greek debt 2026"</a>. <i>Statista</i> (İngilizce). 3 Ekim 2013 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/270409/national-debt-of-greece/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Statista&amp;rft.atitle=Greek+debt+2026&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F270409%2Fnational-debt-of-greece%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131003113925/https://www.statista.com/statistics/270413/national-debt-of-greece-in-relation-to-gross-domestic-product-gdp/">"Greece - National debt in relation to gross domestic product (GDP) 2026"</a>. <i>Statista</i> (İngilizce). 3 Ekim 2013 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/270413/national-debt-of-greece-in-relation-to-gross-domestic-product-gdp/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Statista&amp;rft.atitle=Greece+-+National+debt+in+relation+to+gross+domestic+product+%28GDP%29+2026&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F270413%2Fnational-debt-of-greece-in-relation-to-gross-domestic-product-gdp%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200512124210/https://www.statista.com/statistics/644573/travel-tourism-total-gdp-contribution-greece/">"Travel &amp; tourism's total GDP contribution Greece 2020"</a>. <i>Statista</i> (İngilizce). 12 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/644573/travel-tourism-total-gdp-contribution-greece/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Statista&amp;rft.atitle=Travel+%26+tourism%27s+total+GDP+contribution+Greece+2020&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F644573%2Ftravel-tourism-total-gdp-contribution-greece%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210706224738/https://www.statista.com/statistics/1228395/travel-and-tourism-share-of-gdp-in-the-eu-by-country/">"Travel and tourism: share of GDP by country EU 2020"</a>. <i>Statista</i> (İngilizce). 6 Temmuz 2021 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/1228395/travel-and-tourism-share-of-gdp-in-the-eu-by-country/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Statista&amp;rft.atitle=Travel+and+tourism%3A+share+of+GDP+by+country+EU+2020&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F1228395%2Ftravel-and-tourism-share-of-gdp-in-the-eu-by-country%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200628001108/https://www.statista.com/statistics/413222/number-of-arrivals-spent-in-short-stay-accommodation-in-greece/">"Number of tourist arrivals in Greece 2006-2019"</a>. <i>Statista</i> (İngilizce). 28 Haziran 2020 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/413222/number-of-arrivals-spent-in-short-stay-accommodation-in-greece/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Statista&amp;rft.atitle=Number+of+tourist+arrivals+in+Greece+2006-2019&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F413222%2Fnumber-of-arrivals-spent-in-short-stay-accommodation-in-greece%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-summers2015-65"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-summers2015_65-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak haber">Summers, Lawrence (20 Haziran 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-consequences-of-greeces-impending-breakdown/2015/06/20/9a4ab5d8-174d-11e5-89f3-61410da94eb1_story.html">"The consequences of Greece's impending breakdown"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. 15 Eylül 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210915151833/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-consequences-of-greeces-impending-breakdown/2015/06/20/9a4ab5d8-174d-11e5-89f3-61410da94eb1_story.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+consequences+of+Greece%27s+impending+breakdown&amp;rft.date=2015-06-20&amp;rft.aulast=Summers&amp;rft.aufirst=Lawrence&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fopinions%2Fthe-consequences-of-greeces-impending-breakdown%2F2015%2F06%2F20%2F9a4ab5d8-174d-11e5-89f3-61410da94eb1_story.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wpost2015-66"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-wpost2015_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wpost2015_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wpost2015_66-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wpost2015_66-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak haber">Birnbaum, Michael (30 Haziran 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/european-leaders-seek-last-ditch-offer-to-bring-greece-from-brink-of-default/2015/06/30/960aded8-1ea2-11e5-a135-935065bc30d0_story.html">"Greece fails to make key IMF debt payment"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. 7 Ocak 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210107012940/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/european-leaders-seek-last-ditch-offer-to-bring-greece-from-brink-of-default/2015/06/30/960aded8-1ea2-11e5-a135-935065bc30d0_story.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Greece+fails+to+make+key+IMF+debt+payment&amp;rft.date=2015-06-30&amp;rft.aulast=Birnbaum&amp;rft.aufirst=Michael&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Feuropean-leaders-seek-last-ditch-offer-to-bring-greece-from-brink-of-default%2F2015%2F06%2F30%2F960aded8-1ea2-11e5-a135-935065bc30d0_story.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-galbraith2018-67"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-galbraith2018_67-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Galbraith, James K. (20 Ağustos 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/08/greece-bailout-imf-europe/567892/">"The Greece Bailout's Legacy of Immiseration"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (İngilizce). 31 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210831022034/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/08/greece-bailout-imf-europe/567892/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Greece+Bailout%27s+Legacy+of+Immiseration&amp;rft.date=2018-08-20&amp;rft.aulast=Galbraith&amp;rft.aufirst=James+K.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Finternational%2Farchive%2F2018%2F08%2Fgreece-bailout-imf-europe%2F567892%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-donadio2019-68"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-donadio2019_68-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Donadio, Rachel (3 Temmuz 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2019/07/greece-election-end-era-europe/593182/">"Greece Is Over Its Crisis, but Europe Isn't"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (İngilizce). 20 Nisan 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210420092035/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2019/07/greece-election-end-era-europe/593182/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Greece+Is+Over+Its+Crisis%2C+but+Europe+Isn%27t&amp;rft.date=2019-07-03&amp;rft.aulast=Donadio&amp;rft.aufirst=Rachel&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Finternational%2Farchive%2F2019%2F07%2Fgreece-election-end-era-europe%2F593182%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETsalicoglou1994-69"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETsalicoglou1994_69-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTsalicoglou1994">Tsalicoglou 1994</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-faiola2015-70"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-faiola2015_70-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak haber">Faiola, Anthony (30 Haziran 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/in-germany-vs-greece-angela-merkel-is-winning/2015/06/30/e3233d32-1ea2-11e5-a135-935065bc30d0_story.html">"Europe rallies behind Merkel as Greeks hit breaking point"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. 29 Nisan 2016 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160429005435/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/in-germany-vs-greece-angela-merkel-is-winning/2015/06/30/e3233d32-1ea2-11e5-a135-935065bc30d0_story.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Europe+rallies+behind+Merkel+as+Greeks+hit+breaking+point&amp;rft.date=2015-06-30&amp;rft.aulast=Faiola&amp;rft.aufirst=Anthony&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fin-germany-vs-greece-angela-merkel-is-winning%2F2015%2F06%2F30%2Fe3233d32-1ea2-11e5-a135-935065bc30d0_story.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arnade2015-71"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-arnade2015_71-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Arnade, Chris (16 Temmuz 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2015/07/greece-crisis-banks-greedy/398603/">"The Banks Brought Down Greece"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (İngilizce). 31 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210831022524/https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2015/07/greece-crisis-banks-greedy/398603/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Banks+Brought+Down+Greece&amp;rft.date=2015-07-16&amp;rft.aulast=Arnade&amp;rft.aufirst=Chris&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fbusiness%2Farchive%2F2015%2F07%2Fgreece-crisis-banks-greedy%2F398603%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-obrien2012-72"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-obrien2012_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-obrien2012_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-obrien2012_72-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">O'Brien, Matthew (13 Mart 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/03/not-solving-the-greek-debt-crisis-might-just-solve-the-greek-debt-crisis/254344/">"Not Solving the Greek Debt Crisis Might Just Solve the Greek Debt Crisis"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (İngilizce). 31 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210831022025/https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/03/not-solving-the-greek-debt-crisis-might-just-solve-the-greek-debt-crisis/254344/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Not+Solving+the+Greek+Debt+Crisis+Might+Just+Solve+the+Greek+Debt+Crisis&amp;rft.date=2012-03-13&amp;rft.aulast=O%27Brien&amp;rft.aufirst=Matthew&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fbusiness%2Farchive%2F2012%2F03%2Fnot-solving-the-greek-debt-crisis-might-just-solve-the-greek-debt-crisis%2F254344%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thompson2011-73"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-thompson2011_73-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thompson2011_73-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thompson2011_73-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thompson2011_73-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Thompson, Derek (31 Mayıs 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2011/05/the-greek-debt-crisis-a-monumental-mess-the-whole-strategy-has-failed/239706/">"The Greek Debt Crisis: 'A Monumental Mess... the Whole Strategy Has Failed<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">'</span>"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (İngilizce). 31 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210831022811/https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2011/05/the-greek-debt-crisis-a-monumental-mess-the-whole-strategy-has-failed/239706/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Greek+Debt+Crisis%3A+%27A+Monumental+Mess...+the+Whole+Strategy+Has+Failed%27&amp;rft.date=2011-05-31&amp;rft.aulast=Thompson&amp;rft.aufirst=Derek&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fbusiness%2Farchive%2F2011%2F05%2Fthe-greek-debt-crisis-a-monumental-mess-the-whole-strategy-has-failed%2F239706%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atlantik2017-74"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-atlantik2017_74-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Kalyvas, Kalyvas (4 Mayıs 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/05/greece-populism-syriza-trump-imf-eurozone/525369/">"What Democracies Can Learn From Greece's Failed Populist Experiment"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (İngilizce). 30 Ağustos 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210830195724/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/05/greece-populism-syriza-trump-imf-eurozone/525369/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ekim</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=What+Democracies+Can+Learn+From+Greece%27s+Failed+Populist+Experiment&amp;rft.date=2017-05-04&amp;rft.aulast=Kalyvas&amp;rft.aufirst=Kalyvas&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Finternational%2Farchive%2F2017%2F05%2Fgreece-populism-syriza-trump-imf-eurozone%2F525369%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eurostat_agriculture_1-75"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_1_75-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_1_75-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_1_75-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006122431/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do">"Crops products (excluding fruits and vegetables) (annual data)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Eurostat" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurostat">Eurostat</a>. 6 Ekim 2014 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">19 Ekim</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Crops+products+%28excluding+fruits+and+vegetables%29+%28annual+data%29&amp;rft.pub=Eurostat&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fappsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Fnui%2FsubmitViewTableAction.do&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eurostat_agriculture_2-76"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_2_76-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_2_76-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_2_76-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_2_76-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eurostat_agriculture_2_76-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do">"Fruits and vegetables (annual data)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Eurostat" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurostat">Eurostat</a>. 6 Ekim 2015 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151006021056/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">19 Ekim</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Fruits+and+vegetables+%28annual+data%29&amp;rft.pub=Eurostat&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fappsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Fnui%2Fshow.do&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIAFactBook-77"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-CIAFactBook_77-0">^</a></strong> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Kaynak hatası:</span> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Geçersiz <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code> etiketi; <code>CIAFactBook</code> isimli refler için metin sağlanmadı (Bkz: <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme">Kaynak gösterme</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Eurostat_Sustainable-78"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Eurostat_Sustainable_78-0">^</a></strong> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Kaynak hatası:</span> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Geçersiz <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code> etiketi; <code>Eurostat Sustainable</code> isimli refler için metin sağlanmadı (Bkz: <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme">Kaynak gösterme</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-shipping-79"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-shipping_79-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shipping_79-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Polemis, Spyros M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19971011122557/http://www.greece.org/poseidon/work/articles/polemis_one.html">"The History of Greek Shipping"</a>. greece.org. 11 Ekim 1997 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greece.org/poseidon/work/articles/polemis_one.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">9 Nisan</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+History+of+Greek+Shipping&amp;rft.pub=greece.org&amp;rft.au=Polemis%2C+Spyros+M.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greece.org%2Fposeidon%2Fwork%2Farticles%2Fpolemis_one.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nbg-80"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-nbg_80-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Press release (11 Mayıs 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070831114031/http://www.nbg.gr/en/pr_release_resb.asp?P_ID=463">"Greek Shipping Is Modernized To Remain a Global Leader and Expand Its Contribution to the Greek Economy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Ulusal_Bankas%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan Ulusal Bankası">Yunanistan Ulusal Bankası</a>. 31 Ağustos 2007 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbg.gr/en/pr_release_resb.asp?P_ID=463">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">8 Nisan</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Greek+Shipping+Is+Modernized+To+Remain+a+Global+Leader+and+Expand+Its+Contribution+to+the+Greek+Economy&amp;rft.pub=Yunanistan+Ulusal+Bankas%C4%B1&amp;rft.date=2006-05-11&amp;rft.au=Press+release&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbg.gr%2Fen%2Fpr_release_resb.asp%3FP_ID%3D463&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_Shipping_report_2011-81"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_Shipping_report_2011_81-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_Shipping_report_2011_81-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111215131830/http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/rmt2011_en.pdf">"Review of Maritime Transport 2011"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. United Nations. 2011. 15 Aralık 2011 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/rmt2011_en.pdf">kaynağından</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 17 Şubat 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Review+of+Maritime+Transport+2011&amp;rft.pub=United+Nations&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unctad.org%2Fen%2Fdocs%2Frmt2011_en.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_Shipping_report-82"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_Shipping_report_82-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_Shipping_report_82-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110806024203/http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/rmt2010_en.pdf">"Review of Maritime Transport 2010"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. United Nations. 2010. 6 Ağustos 2011 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/rmt2010_en.pdf">kaynağından</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 10 Ağustos 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Review+of+Maritime+Transport+2010&amp;rft.pub=United+Nations&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unctad.org%2Fen%2Fdocs%2Frmt2010_en.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_Shipping_report_2-83"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-UN_Shipping_report_2_83-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728143716/http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/rmt2006_en.pdf">"Review of Maritime Transport 2006"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. United Nations. 2006. 28 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/rmt2006_en.pdf">kaynağından</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 10 Ağustos 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Review+of+Maritime+Transport+2006&amp;rft.pub=United+Nations&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unctad.org%2Fen%2Fdocs%2Frmt2006_en.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BTS-84"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-BTS_84-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029205740/http://www.rita.dot.gov/bts/sites/rita.dot.gov.bts/files/publications/maritime_trade_and_transportation/2007/html/table_02_01.html">"Top 15 Ranking of World Merchant Fleet by Country of Owner, Year-End 2006"</a>. U.S. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bureau_of_Transportation_Statistics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bureau of Transportation Statistics (sayfa mevcut değil)">Bureau of Transportation Statistics</a>. 2001. 29 Ekim 2013 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rita.dot.gov/bts/sites/rita.dot.gov.bts/files/publications/maritime_trade_and_transportation/2007/html/table_02_01.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">11 Haziran</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Top+15+Ranking+of+World+Merchant+Fleet+by+Country+of+Owner%2C+Year-End+2006&amp;rft.pub=U.S.+Bureau+of+Transportation+Statistics&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rita.dot.gov%2Fbts%2Fsites%2Frita.dot.gov.bts%2Ffiles%2Fpublications%2Fmaritime_trade_and_transportation%2F2007%2Fhtml%2Ftable_02_01.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-slate-85"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-slate_85-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-slate_85-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Engber, Daniel (17 Ağustos 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/?id=2124542&amp;">"So Many Greek Shipping Magnates..."</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Slate_(dergi)" title="Slate (dergi)">Slate</a></i>. 5 Ağustos 2011 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110805080110/http://www.slate.com/?id=2124542&amp;">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 5 Ağustos 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=So+Many+Greek+Shipping+Magnates...&amp;rft.date=2005-08-17&amp;rft.au=Engber%2C+Daniel&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2F%3Fid%3D2124542%26&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Jill Dubois; Xenia Skoura; Olga Gratsaniti (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DVzthRVC_SMC&amp;pg=PA42"><i>Greece</i></a>. Marshall Cavendish. s.&#160;42. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-7614-1499-5" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-7614-1499-5">978-0-7614-1499-5</a>. 28 Mayıs 2013 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130528042048/http://books.google.com/books?id=DVzthRVC_SMC&amp;pg=PA42">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">14 Nisan</span> 2013</span>. <q>Greek ships make up 70 percent of the European Union's total merchant fleet. Greece has a large shipbuilding and ship refitting industry. Its six shipyards near Piraeus are among the biggest in Europe. As Greek ships primarily transport...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Greece&amp;rft.pages=42&amp;rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7614-1499-5&amp;rft.au=Jill+Dubois&amp;rft.au=Xenia+Skoura&amp;rft.au=Olga+Gratsaniti&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDVzthRVC_SMC%26pg%3DPA42&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170222031815/http://www.ekathimerini.com/216308/article/ekathimerini/business/mega-yacht-owners-choose-greece-for-construction-and-maintenance">"Mega yacht owners choose Greece for construction and maintenance, Ilias Bellos &#124; Kathimerini"</a>. <i>www.ekathimerini.com</i>. 22 Şubat 2017 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ekathimerini.com/216308/article/ekathimerini/business/mega-yacht-owners-choose-greece-for-construction-and-maintenance">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.ekathimerini.com&amp;rft.atitle=Mega+yacht+owners+choose+Greece+for+construction+and+maintenance%2C+Ilias+Bellos+%26%23124%3B+Kathimerini&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ekathimerini.com%2F216308%2Farticle%2Fekathimerini%2Fbusiness%2Fmega-yacht-owners-choose-greece-for-construction-and-maintenance&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110712204603/http://www.travelandleisure.com/worldsbest/2011/islands/top-10-islands/237">"2011 World's Best Awards"</a>. <i>Travel+Leisure</i>. 12 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.travelandleisure.com/worldsbest/2011/islands/top-10-islands/237">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">16 Temmuz</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Travel%2BLeisure&amp;rft.atitle=2011+World%27s+Best+Awards&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelandleisure.com%2Fworldsbest%2F2011%2Fislands%2Ftop-10-islands%2F237&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/travel/slideshow/20111123-worlds-best-islands">"World's Best Islands"</a>. BBC. 1 Aralık 2011 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111201185032/http://www.bbc.com/travel/slideshow/20111123-worlds-best-islands">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 1 Aralık 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=World%27s+Best+Islands&amp;rft.pub=BBC&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Ftravel%2Fslideshow%2F20111123-worlds-best-islands&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Chloe Wynne. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wttc.org/about/media-centre/press-releases/press-releases/2019/greek-tourism-sector-growing-over-three-times-faster-than-wider-economy-says-new-wttc-research/">"Greek tourism sector growing over three times faster than wider economy says new WTTC research"</a>. <i>WTTC</i>. 21 Nisan 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190421071148/https://www.wttc.org/about/media-centre/press-releases/press-releases/2019/greek-tourism-sector-growing-over-three-times-faster-than-wider-economy-says-new-wttc-research/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">21 Nisan</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=WTTC&amp;rft.atitle=Greek+tourism+sector+growing+over+three+times+faster+than+wider+economy+says+new+WTTC+research&amp;rft.au=Chloe+Wynne&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wttc.org%2Fabout%2Fmedia-centre%2Fpress-releases%2Fpress-releases%2F2019%2Fgreek-tourism-sector-growing-over-three-times-faster-than-wider-economy-says-new-wttc-research%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsbeast.gr/travel/arthro/2545878/espase-ta-konter-o-ellinikos-tourismos-to-2016">"<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>Έσπασε τα κοντέρ" ο ελληνικός τουρισμός το 2016"</a>. Newsbeast.gr. 20 Ocak 2017. 3 Ağustos 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803172635/http://www.newsbeast.gr/travel/arthro/2545878/espase-ta-konter-o-ellinikos-tourismos-to-2016">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">12 Ocak</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=aia.gr&amp;rft.atitle=Athens+International+Airport+%22El.Venizelos%22+Facts+%26+Figures&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aia.gr%2Fcompany-and-business%2Fthe-company%2Ffacts-and-figures%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130903235022/https://www.statista.com/statistics/263744/total-population-of-greece/#:~:text=In%202019%2C%20the%20total%20population,was%20around%2010.73%20million%20people.">"Greece: Total population from 2016 to 2021"</a>. <i>Statista</i>. Statista. 3 Eylül 2013 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/263744/total-population-of-greece/#:~:text=In%202019%2C%20the%20total%20population,was%20around%2010.73%20million%20people.">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 30 Eylül 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Statista&amp;rft.atitle=Greece%3A+Total+population+from+2016+to+2021&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F263744%2Ftotal-population-of-greece%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DIn%25202019%252C%2520the%2520total%2520population%2Cwas%2520around%252010.73%2520million%2520people.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.joshuaproject.net/countries.php?rog3=GR">"Arşivlenmiş kopya"</a>. 11 Mart 2008 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080311070617/http://www.joshuaproject.net/countries.php?rog3=GR">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 8 Şubat 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Ar%C5%9Fivlenmi%C5%9F+kopya&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.joshuaproject.net%2Fcountries.php%3Frog3%3DGR&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014-102"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014_102-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014_102-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014_102-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014_102-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014_102-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014_102-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFiddian-Qasmiyeh2014">Fiddian-Qasmiyeh 2014</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoskos1980-103"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoskos1980_103-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoskos1980">Moskos 1980</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETamis2005-104"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETamis2005_104-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTamis2005">Tamis 2005</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140103041633/https://www.statista.com/statistics/276391/age-distribution-in-greece/">"Greece - Age distribution 2020"</a>. <i>Statista</i> (İngilizce). 3 Ocak 2014 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/276391/age-distribution-in-greece/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 27 Eylül 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Statista&amp;rft.atitle=Greece+-+Age+distribution+2020&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F276391%2Fage-distribution-in-greece%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2011census-106"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-2011census_106-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citypopulation.de/Greece-Agglo.html">"2011 census"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=2011+census&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcitypopulation.de%2FGreece-Agglo.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Arşivlenmesi gereken bağlantıya sahip kaynak şablonu içeren maddeler (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Ar%C5%9Fivlenmesi_gereken_ba%C4%9Flant%C4%B1ya_sahip_kaynak_%C5%9Fablonu_i%C3%A7eren_maddeler" title="Kategori:Arşivlenmesi gereken bağlantıya sahip kaynak şablonu içeren maddeler">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pew2017-107"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Pew2017_107-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2017/05/10/religious-affiliation/">"Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe"</a>. Pew Research Center. 10 Mayıs 2017. 24 Şubat 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180224200050/http://www.pewforum.org/2017/05/10/religious-affiliation/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Eylül 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Religious+Belief+and+National+Belonging+in+Central+and+Eastern+Europe&amp;rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&amp;rft.date=2017-05-10&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2017%2F05%2F10%2Freligious-affiliation%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191203141933/https://www.oecd.org/pisa/publications/pisa-2018-results.htm">"PISA 2018 results"</a>. <i>OECD</i>. 3 Aralık 2019 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oecd.org/pisa/publications/pisa-2018-results.htm">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 30 Eylül 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=OECD&amp;rft.atitle=PISA+2018+results&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd.org%2Fpisa%2Fpublications%2Fpisa-2018-results.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/countries/greece/">"OECD Better Life Index – Greece"</a>. <i>oecdbetterlifeindex.org</i>. OECD. 13 Ağustos 2022 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220813012619/https://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/countries/greece/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 20 Şubat 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=oecdbetterlifeindex.org&amp;rft.atitle=OECD+Better+Life+Index+%E2%80%93+Greece&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecdbetterlifeindex.org%2Fcountries%2Fgreece%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201008212955/https://getgoldenvisa.com/retire-in-greece">"Retire In Greece: The Definitive Guide For Expats"</a>. <i>Get Golden Visa</i> (İngilizce). 1 Ekim 2020. 8 Ekim 2020 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://getgoldenvisa.com/retire-in-greece">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 2 Kasım 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Get+Golden+Visa&amp;rft.atitle=Retire+In+Greece%3A+The+Definitive+Guide+For+Expats&amp;rft.date=2020-10-01&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgetgoldenvisa.com%2Fretire-in-greece&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-YaşamSüresi-111"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-YaşamSüresi_111-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YaşamSüresi_111-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210927114528/https://www.statista.com/statistics/970705/life-expectancy-at-birth-in-greece-by-gender/">"Greece: Life expectancy at birth from 2009 to 2019"</a>. <i>Statista</i>. 27 Eylül 2021 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/970705/life-expectancy-at-birth-in-greece-by-gender/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 30 Eylül 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Statista&amp;rft.atitle=Greece%3A+Life+expectancy+at+birth+from+2009+to+2019&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F970705%2Flife-expectancy-at-birth-in-greece-by-gender%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191102143648/https://www.statista.com/statistics/429203/healthcare-expenditure-as-a-share-of-gdp-in-greece/">"Total expenditure on healthcare as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) in Greece from 1990 to 2019"</a>. <i>Statista</i>. 2 Kasım 2019 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/429203/healthcare-expenditure-as-a-share-of-gdp-in-greece/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 30 Eylül 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Statista&amp;rft.atitle=Total+expenditure+on+healthcare+as+a+share+of+gross+domestic+product+%28GDP%29+in+Greece+from+1990+to+2019&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F429203%2Fhealthcare-expenditure-as-a-share-of-gdp-in-greece%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-britannica-113"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-britannica_113-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">Encyclopædia Britannica – "Greek literature: Byzantine literature"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strickland2007-114"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Strickland2007_114-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Carol Strickland (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Qw_7eINO_NcC&amp;pg=PA2"><i>The Illustrated Timeline of Western Literature: A Crash Course in Words &amp; Pictures</i></a>. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. s.&#160;2. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-4027-4860-8" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-4027-4860-8">978-1-4027-4860-8</a>. <q>Although the first writing originates in the cradle of civilization along Middle Eastern rivers – the Tigris, Euphrates, and Nile – the true cradle of Western literature is Athens. As the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley says, "We are all Greeks."</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Illustrated+Timeline+of+Western+Literature%3A+A+Crash+Course+in+Words+%26+Pictures&amp;rft.pages=2&amp;rft.pub=Sterling+Publishing+Company%2C+Inc.&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4027-4860-8&amp;rft.au=Carol+Strickland&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQw_7eINO_NcC%26pg%3DPA2&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELoney2018-115"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoney2018_115-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLoney2018">Loney 2018</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPreus2015-116"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPreus2015_116-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPreus2015">Preus 2015</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPapaioannou2021-117"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPapaioannou2021_117-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPapaioannou2021">Papaioannou 2021</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">"The Modern Greek language in its relation to Ancient Greek", <a href="/w/index.php?title=E._M._Geldart&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="E. M. Geldart (sayfa mevcut değil)">E. M. Geldart</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDimaras1974-119"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDimaras1974_119-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDimaras1974_119-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDimaras1974">Dimaras 1974</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enet.gr/?i=news.el.article&amp;id=60015">"Οι Ιταλοί θαυμάζουν το <i>Δάφνις και Χλόη</i>"</a>. <i>Ελευθεροτυπία</i> (Yunanca). 3 Temmuz 2009. 1 Nisan 2022 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220401024012/http://www.enet.gr/?i=news.el.article&amp;id=60015">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 13 Mayıs 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%CE%9F%CE%B9+%CE%99%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%AF+%CE%B8%CE%B1%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD+%CF%84%CE%BF+%CE%94%CE%AC%CF%86%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9+%CE%A7%CE%BB%CF%8C%CE%B7&amp;rft.date=2009-07-03&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enet.gr%2F%3Fi%3Dnews.el.article%26id%3D60015&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tovima.gr/culture/article/?aid=276816">"<i>Δάφνις και Χλόη</i> στην Μπολόνια"</a>. <i>Το Βήμα</i>. 4 Temmuz 2009. 28 Ocak 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170128010437/http://www.tovima.gr/culture/article/?aid=276816">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 13 Mayıs 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%CE%94%CE%AC%CF%86%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9+%CE%A7%CE%BB%CF%8C%CE%B7+%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B1&amp;rft.date=2009-07-04&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tovima.gr%2Fculture%2Farticle%2F%3Faid%3D276816&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1944">"The 16th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sinema_Sanatlar%C4%B1_ve_Bilimleri_Akademisi" title="Sinema Sanatları ve Bilimleri Akademisi">Sinema Sanatları ve Bilimleri Akademisi</a></i>. 21 Mart 2016 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160321095215/http://oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1944">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 13 Mayıs 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Sinema+Sanatlar%C4%B1+ve+Bilimleri+Akademisi&amp;rft.atitle=The+16th+Academy+Awards+%281943%29+Nominees+and+Winners&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oscars.org%2Foscars%2Fceremonies%2F1944&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Ephraim, Katz (2001). "Greece". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/filmencyclopedia0004katz"><i>The Film Encyclopedia</i></a>. New York: HarperResource. ss.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/filmencyclopedia0004katz/page/554">554</a>-555.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Greece&amp;rft.btitle=The+Film+Encyclopedia&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pages=554-555&amp;rft.pub=HarperResource&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.aulast=Ephraim&amp;rft.aufirst=Katz&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffilmencyclopedia0004katz&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPapanikolaou2021-124"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPapanikolaou2021_124-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPapanikolaou2021">Papanikolaou 2021</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090928030245/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/56204/Zorba-the-Greek/awards">"NY Times: Zorba the Greek"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 2009. 28 Eylül 2009 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/56204/Zorba-the-Greek/awards">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 13 Mayıs 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=NY+Times%3A+Zorba+the+Greek&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmovies.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2F56204%2FZorba-the-Greek%2Fawards&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cinema-francais.fr/cannes/cannes_1998.htm">"51ème Festival International du Film – Cannes"</a>. <i>Cinema-francais.fr</i> (Fransızca). 28 Ocak 2022 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128161459/https://www.cinema-francais.fr/cannes/cannes_1998.htm">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 13 Mayıs 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Cinema-francais.fr&amp;rft.atitle=51%C3%A8me+Festival+International+du+Film+%E2%80%93+Cannes&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cinema-francais.fr%2Fcannes%2Fcannes_1998.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cannes-fest.com/1998/index.html">"1998 – 51e édition (50th edition)"</a>. <i>Cannes-fest.com</i> (Fransızca). 27 Ocak 2022 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220127061850/http://www.cannes-fest.com/1998/index.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 13 Mayıs 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Cannes-fest.com&amp;rft.atitle=1998+%E2%80%93+51e+%C3%A9dition+%2850th+edition%29&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cannes-fest.com%2F1998%2Findex.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak haber"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130907173822/http://urbancinefile.com.au/home/view.asp?a=1148&amp;s=Features">"Cannes 1998: News (2)"</a>. <i>Urbancinefile.com</i>. 7 Eylül 2013 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.urbancinefile.com.au/home/view.asp?a=1148&amp;s=Features">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 13 Mayıs 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Cannes+1998%3A+News+%282%29&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.urbancinefile.com.au%2Fhome%2Fview.asp%3Fa%3D1148%26s%3DFeatures&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHorton1997-129"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHorton1997_129-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHorton1997_129-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHorton1997">Horton 1997</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2019/film/news/2019-oscars-winners-list-academy-awards-1203145638/">"Oscar Winners 2019: The Complete List"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Variety" title="Variety">Variety</a></i>. 24 Şubat 2019. 15 Ocak 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210115164501/https://variety.com/2019/film/news/2019-oscars-winners-list-academy-awards-1203145638/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 13 Mayıs 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Variety&amp;rft.atitle=Oscar+Winners+2019%3A+The+Complete+List&amp;rft.date=2019-02-24&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2019%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2F2019-oscars-winners-list-academy-awards-1203145638%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap">Edelstein, Sari (22 Ekim 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lj0CeaIIETkC&amp;pg=PA147"><i>Food, Cuisine, and Cultural Competency for Culinary, Hospitality, and Nutrition Professionals</i></a>. Jones &amp; Bartlett. ss.&#160;147-49. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-7637-5965-0" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-7637-5965-0">978-0-7637-5965-0</a>. 12 Kasım 2012 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121112173730/http://books.google.com/books?id=lj0CeaIIETkC&amp;pg=PA147">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 27 Aralık 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Food%2C+Cuisine%2C+and+Cultural+Competency+for+Culinary%2C+Hospitality%2C+and+Nutrition+Professionals&amp;rft.pages=147-49&amp;rft.pub=Jones+%26+Bartlett&amp;rft.date=2010-10-22&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7637-5965-0&amp;rft.aulast=Edelstein&amp;rft.aufirst=Sari&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dlj0CeaIIETkC%26pg%3DPA147&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-132"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-:02_132-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak kitap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paula_Wolfert&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Paula Wolfert (sayfa mevcut değil)">Wolfert, Paula</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/298538015"><i>Mediterranean clay pot cooking&#160;: traditional and modern recipes to savor and share</i></a>. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley &amp; Sons. s.&#160;235. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-7645-7633-1" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-7645-7633-1">978-0-7645-7633-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/298538015">298538015</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Mediterranean+clay+pot+cooking+%3A+traditional+and+modern+recipes+to+savor+and+share&amp;rft.place=Hoboken%2C+N.J.&amp;rft.pages=235&amp;rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F298538015&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7645-7633-1&amp;rft.aulast=Wolfert&amp;rft.aufirst=Paula&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F298538015&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-133"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-:12_133-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200920143306/https://www.thisisathens.org/restaurants/greek-food/koutouki-guide-underground-tavernas">"Koutoukia: The Underground Tavernas of Athens"</a>. <i>This is Athens</i> (İngilizce). 20 Eylül 2020 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thisisathens.org/restaurants/greek-food/koutouki-guide-underground-tavernas">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">17 Ocak</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=This+is+Athens&amp;rft.atitle=Koutoukia%3A+The+Underground+Tavernas+of+Athens&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thisisathens.org%2Frestaurants%2Fgreek-food%2Fkoutouki-guide-underground-tavernas&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Trivolis, Despina (20 Mart 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://culinarybackstreets.com/cities-category/athens/2013/to-koutouki-tou-marathoniti/">"A Traditional Koutouki in Athens' Mets Neighborhood"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Culinary_Backstreets&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Culinary Backstreets (sayfa mevcut değil)">Culinary Backstreets</a></i> (İngilizce). 7 Ağustos 2016 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160807114919/https://culinarybackstreets.com/cities-category/athens/2013/to-koutouki-tou-marathoniti/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">17 Ocak</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Culinary+Backstreets&amp;rft.atitle=A+Traditional+Koutouki+in+Athens%27+Mets+Neighborhood&amp;rft.date=2013-03-20&amp;rft.aulast=Trivolis&amp;rft.aufirst=Despina&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fculinarybackstreets.com%2Fcities-category%2Fathens%2F2013%2Fto-koutouki-tou-marathoniti%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Doriti, Carolina (12 Mart 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://culinarybackstreets.com/cities-category/athens/2019/ramona/">"Ramona: Basement Dwellers"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Culinary_Backstreets&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Culinary Backstreets (sayfa mevcut değil)">Culinary Backstreets</a></i> (İngilizce). 7 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200807005319/https://culinarybackstreets.com/cities-category/athens/2019/ramona/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">17 Ocak</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Culinary+Backstreets&amp;rft.atitle=Ramona%3A+Basement+Dwellers&amp;rft.date=2019-03-12&amp;rft.aulast=Doriti&amp;rft.aufirst=Carolina&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fculinarybackstreets.com%2Fcities-category%2Fathens%2F2019%2Framona%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/travel/2019/10/head-epirus-route-experience-wonders-greek-wine-where-its-produced">"Head to the Epirus route to experience the wonders of Greek wine where it's produced"</a>. <i>National Geographic</i> (İngilizce). 18 Ekim 2019. 6 Ekim 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211006135738/https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/travel/2019/10/head-epirus-route-experience-wonders-greek-wine-where-its-produced">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">17 Ocak</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=National+Geographic&amp;rft.atitle=Head+to+the+Epirus+route+to+experience+the+wonders+of+Greek+wine+where+it%27s+produced&amp;rft.date=2019-10-18&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.co.uk%2Ftravel%2F2019%2F10%2Fhead-epirus-route-experience-wonders-greek-wine-where-its-produced&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak haber">Howard, Rachel (4 Şubat 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/greece/athens/articles/athens-restaurants/">"Eat like a local in Athens: from backstreet souvlaki joints to no-menu seafood spots"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_S%C3%BCreli_Yay%C4%B1n_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Süreli Yayın Numarası">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a>. 17 Ocak 2022 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220117192920/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/greece/athens/articles/athens-restaurants/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">17 Ocak</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Eat+like+a+local+in+Athens%3A+from+backstreet+souvlaki+joints+to+no-menu+seafood+spots&amp;rft.date=2016-02-04&amp;rft.issn=0307-1235&amp;rft.aulast=Howard&amp;rft.aufirst=Rachel&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ftravel%2Fdestinations%2Feurope%2Fgreece%2Fathens%2Farticles%2Fathens-restaurants%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliyografya">Bibliyografya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=40" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Bibliyografya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=40" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Bibliyografya"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24952096">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns dl,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ol,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>A Brief History of Ancient Greece: Politics, Society and Culture. 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New York, NY: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0190092924" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0190092924">978-0190092924</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Law%2C+empire%2C+and+the+sultan%3A+Ottoman+imperial+authority+and+late+%E1%B8%A4anaf%C4%AB+jurisprudence&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2020&amp;rft.isbn=978-0190092924&amp;rft.aulast=Ayoub&amp;rft.aufirst=Samy+A.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Balot, Ryan (2017). <i>The Oxford handbook of Thucydides</i>. 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Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199286140" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199286140">978-0199286140</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Hellenic+studies&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199286140&amp;rft.aulast=Boys-Stones&amp;rft.aufirst=George&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Boys-Stones, George (2009). <i>The Oxford handbook of Hellenic studies</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199286140" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199286140">978-0199286140</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Hellenic+studies&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199286140&amp;rft.aulast=Boys-Stones&amp;rft.aufirst=George&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Breuilly, John (2013). <i>The Oxford handbook of the history of nationalism</i> (1. bas.). 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Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0190499136" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0190499136">978-0190499136</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+warfare+in+the+classical+world&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.isbn=978-0190499136&amp;rft.aulast=Campbell&amp;rft.aufirst=Brian&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Casale, Giancarlo (2010). <i>The Ottoman age of exploration</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0195377828" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0195377828">978-0195377828</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Ottoman+age+of+exploration&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=978-0195377828&amp;rft.aulast=Casale&amp;rft.aufirst=Giancarlo&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Cassis, Youssef (2016). <i>The Oxford handbook of banking and financial history</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198815730" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198815730">978-0198815730</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+banking+and+financial+history&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2016&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198815730&amp;rft.aulast=Cassis&amp;rft.aufirst=Youssef&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Chenoweth, Erica (2019). <i>The Oxford handbook of terrorism</i> (1. bas.). Oxford, Birleşik Krallık: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198732914" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198732914">978-0198732914</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+terrorism&amp;rft.place=Oxford%2C+Birle%C5%9Fik+Krall%C4%B1k&amp;rft.edition=1.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198732914&amp;rft.aulast=Chenoweth&amp;rft.aufirst=Erica&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Cline, Eric H. (2010). <i>The Oxford handbook of the Bronze Age Aegean (ca. 3000-1000 BC)</i>. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199873609" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199873609">978-0199873609</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+the+Bronze+Age+Aegean+%28ca.+3000-1000+BC%29&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+N.Y.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199873609&amp;rft.aulast=Cline&amp;rft.aufirst=Eric+H.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Curd, Patricia (2011). <i>The Oxford handbook of presocratic philosophy</i>. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199837557" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199837557">978-0199837557</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+presocratic+philosophy&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199837557&amp;rft.aulast=Curd&amp;rft.aufirst=Patricia&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Dietze, Carola (2021). <i>The Oxford handbook of the history of terrorism</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199858569" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199858569">978-0199858569</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+the+history+of+terrorism&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199858569&amp;rft.aulast=Dietze&amp;rft.aufirst=Carola&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Eidinow, Esther (2017). <i>The Oxford handbook of ancient Greek religion</i>. Oxford, Birleşik Krallık: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198810179" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198810179">978-0198810179</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+ancient+Greek+religion&amp;rft.place=Oxford%2C+Birle%C5%9Fik+Krall%C4%B1k&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198810179&amp;rft.aulast=Eidinow&amp;rft.aufirst=Esther&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Eidinow, Esther (2017). <i>The Oxford handbook of ancient Greek religion</i>. Oxford, <a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık">Birleşik Krallık</a>: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198810179" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198810179">978-0198810179</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+ancient+Greek+religion&amp;rft.place=Oxford%2C+Birle%C5%9Fik+Krall%C4%B1k&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198810179&amp;rft.aulast=Eidinow&amp;rft.aufirst=Esther&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Esposito, John L. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordencycloped0002unse_t7m9"><i>The Oxford encyclopedia of the Islamic world</i></a>. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/9780195305135" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/9780195305135">9780195305135</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+encyclopedia+of+the+Islamic+world&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+N.Y.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=9780195305135&amp;rft.aulast=Esposito&amp;rft.aufirst=John+L.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordencycloped0002unse_t7m9&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Featherstone, Kevin (2020). <i>The Oxford handbook of modern Greek politics</i> (1. bas.). Oxford, <a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık">Birleşik Krallık</a>: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198825104" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198825104">978-0198825104</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+modern+Greek+politics&amp;rft.place=Oxford%2C+Birle%C5%9Fik+Krall%C4%B1k&amp;rft.edition=1.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2020&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198825104&amp;rft.aulast=Featherstone&amp;rft.aufirst=Kevin&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Fiddian-Qasmiyeh, Elena (2014). <i>The Oxford handbook of refugee and forced migration studies</i> (1. bas.). Oxford, <a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık">Birleşik Krallık</a>: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198778509" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198778509">978-0198778509</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+refugee+and+forced+migration+studies&amp;rft.place=Oxford%2C+Birle%C5%9Fik+Krall%C4%B1k&amp;rft.edition=1.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198778509&amp;rft.aulast=Fiddian-Qasmiyeh&amp;rft.aufirst=Elena&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Fine, Gail (2019). <i>The Oxford handbook of Plato</i> (2. bas.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0190639730" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0190639730">978-0190639730</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Plato&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&amp;rft.edition=2.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.isbn=978-0190639730&amp;rft.aulast=Fine&amp;rft.aufirst=Gail&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Firges, Pascal (2017). <i>French revolutionaries in the Ottoman Empire&#160;: diplomacy, political culture, and the limiting of universal revolution, 1792-1798</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198759966" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198759966">978-0198759966</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=French+revolutionaries+in+the+Ottoman+Empire+%3A+diplomacy%2C+political+culture%2C+and+the+limiting+of+universal+revolution%2C+1792-1798&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198759966&amp;rft.aulast=Firges&amp;rft.aufirst=Pascal&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Fontaine, Michael (2014). <i>The Oxford handbook of Greek and Roman comedy</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0190887216" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0190887216">978-0190887216</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Greek+and+Roman+comedy&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.isbn=978-0190887216&amp;rft.aulast=Fontaine&amp;rft.aufirst=Michael&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Futrell, Alison (2021). <i>The Oxford handbook of sport and spectacle in the ancient world</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199592081" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199592081">978-0199592081</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+sport+and+spectacle+in+the+ancient+world&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199592081&amp;rft.aulast=Futrell&amp;rft.aufirst=Alison&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Graf, Tobias P. (2017). <i>The Sultan's renegades: Christian-European converts to Islam and the making of the Ottoman elite, 1575-1610</i> (1. bas.). Oxford, <a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık">Birleşik Krallık</a>: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198791430" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198791430">978-0198791430</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Sultan%27s+renegades%3A+Christian-European+converts+to+Islam+and+the+making+of+the+Ottoman+elite%2C+1575-1610&amp;rft.place=Oxford%2C+Birle%C5%9Fik+Krall%C4%B1k&amp;rft.edition=1.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198791430&amp;rft.aulast=Graf&amp;rft.aufirst=Tobias+P.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Hamish, Scott (2015). <i>The Oxford handbook of early modern European history, 1350-1750. Volume 1, Peoples and place</i> (1. bas.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198820567" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198820567">978-0198820567</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+early+modern+European+history%2C+1350-1750.+Volume+1%2C+Peoples+and+place&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.edition=1.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198820567&amp;rft.aulast=Hamish&amp;rft.aufirst=Scott&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Hamish, Scott (2015). <i>The Oxford handbook of early modern European history, 1350-1750. Volume 2, Cultures and power</i> (1. bas.). 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Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0691011417" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0691011417">978-0691011417</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Films+of+Theo+Angelopoulos&amp;rft.place=Princeton%2C+N.J.&amp;rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.isbn=978-0691011417&amp;rft.aulast=Horton&amp;rft.aufirst=Andrew&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Hunter, David (2008). <i>The Oxford handbook of early Christian studies</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199596522" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199596522">978-0199596522</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+early+Christian+studies&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199596522&amp;rft.aulast=Hunter&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Jeffreys, Elizabeth (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordhandbookof00oxfo"><i>The Oxford handbook of Byzantine studies</i></a> (1. bas.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199252466" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199252466">978-0199252466</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Byzantine+studies&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.edition=1.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199252466&amp;rft.aulast=Jeffreys&amp;rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordhandbookof00oxfo&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Kaczynski, Bernice M. (2020). <i>The Oxford handbook of Christian monasticism</i> (1. bas.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199689736" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199689736">978-0199689736</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Christian+monasticism&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.edition=1.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2020&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199689736&amp;rft.aulast=Kaczynski&amp;rft.aufirst=Bernice+M.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Kastritsis, Dimitri J. (2017). <i>An early Ottoman history: the Oxford Anonymous chronicle</i>. Liverpool: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1786940681" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1786940681">978-1786940681</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=An+early+Ottoman+history%3A+the+Oxford+Anonymous+chronicle&amp;rft.place=Liverpool&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.isbn=978-1786940681&amp;rft.aulast=Kastritsis&amp;rft.aufirst=Dimitri+J.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Katsikas, Stefanos (2021). <i>Islam and Nationalism in Modern Greece, 1821-1940</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0190652005" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0190652005">978-0190652005</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Islam+and+Nationalism+in+Modern+Greece%2C+1821-1940&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.isbn=978-0190652005&amp;rft.aulast=Katsikas&amp;rft.aufirst=Stefanos&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Kazhdan, Alexander P. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/journalofamerica0001unse_t4a3"><i>The Oxford dictionary of Byzantium</i></a>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/9780195046526" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/9780195046526">9780195046526</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+dictionary+of+Byzantium&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1991&amp;rft.isbn=9780195046526&amp;rft.aulast=Kazhdan&amp;rft.aufirst=Alexander+P.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjournalofamerica0001unse_t4a3&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Keridis, Dimitris (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000keri"><i>Historical Dictionary of Modern Greece</i></a>. Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0810859982" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0810859982">978-0810859982</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Modern+Greece&amp;rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=978-0810859982&amp;rft.aulast=Keridis&amp;rft.aufirst=Dimitris&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoricaldictio0000keri&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Keyser, Paul (2018). <i>The Oxford handbook of science and medicine in the classical world</i>. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199734146" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199734146">978-0199734146</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+science+and+medicine+in+the+classical+world&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2018&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199734146&amp;rft.aulast=Keyser&amp;rft.aufirst=Paul&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Kitts, Margo (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordhandbookof0000unse_h1o5"><i>The Oxford handbook of religion and violence</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0190270094" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0190270094">978-0190270094</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+religion+and+violence&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2016&amp;rft.isbn=978-0190270094&amp;rft.aulast=Kitts&amp;rft.aufirst=Margo&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordhandbookof0000unse_h1o5&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Kors, Alan Charles (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofen0000unse_e6x5"><i>Encyclopedia of the Enlightenment</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/9780195104301" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/9780195104301">9780195104301</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Enlightenment&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=9780195104301&amp;rft.aulast=Kors&amp;rft.aufirst=Alan+Charles&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaofen0000unse_e6x5&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Loney, Alexander (2018). <i>The Oxford handbook of Hesiod</i>. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0190209032" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0190209032">978-0190209032</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Hesiod&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2018&amp;rft.isbn=978-0190209032&amp;rft.aulast=Loney&amp;rft.aufirst=Alexander&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Mackridge, Peter (2010). <i>Language and national identity in Greece, 1766-1976</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199599059" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199599059">978-0199599059</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Language+and+national+identity+in+Greece%2C+1766-1976&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199599059&amp;rft.aulast=Mackridge&amp;rft.aufirst=Peter&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Malcolm, Noel (2015). <i>Agents of empire: knights, corsairs, Jesuits and spies in the sixteenth-century Mediterranean world</i>. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0190262785" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0190262785">978-0190262785</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Agents+of+empire%3A+knights%2C+corsairs%2C+Jesuits+and+spies+in+the+sixteenth-century+Mediterranean+world&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+N.Y.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft.isbn=978-0190262785&amp;rft.aulast=Malcolm&amp;rft.aufirst=Noel&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Malcolm, Noel (2019). <i>Useful enemies: Islam and the Ottoman Empire in Western political thought, 1450-1750</i> (1. bas.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198830139" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198830139">978-0198830139</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Useful+enemies%3A+Islam+and+the+Ottoman+Empire+in+Western+political+thought%2C+1450-1750&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.edition=1.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198830139&amp;rft.aulast=Malcolm&amp;rft.aufirst=Noel&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Marconi, Clemente (2015). <i>The Oxford handbook of Greek and Roman art and architecture</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0190887124" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0190887124">978-0190887124</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Greek+and+Roman+art+and+architecture&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft.isbn=978-0190887124&amp;rft.aulast=Marconi&amp;rft.aufirst=Clemente&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Martin, Gunther (2019). <i>The Oxford handbook of Demosthenes</i> (1. bas.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198713852" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198713852">978-0198713852</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Demosthenes&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.edition=1.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198713852&amp;rft.aulast=Martin&amp;rft.aufirst=Gunther&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Metcalf, William E. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordhandbookof0000will"><i>The Oxford handbook of Greek and Roman coinage</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199372188" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199372188">978-0199372188</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Greek+and+Roman+coinage&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199372188&amp;rft.aulast=Metcalf&amp;rft.aufirst=William+E.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordhandbookof0000will&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Meyer, James H. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/turksacrossempir0000meye"><i>Turks across empires: marketing Muslim identity in the Russian-Ottoman borderlands, 1856-1914</i></a> (1. bas.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198725145" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198725145">978-0198725145</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Turks+across+empires%3A+marketing+Muslim+identity+in+the+Russian-Ottoman+borderlands%2C+1856-1914&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.edition=1.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198725145&amp;rft.aulast=Meyer&amp;rft.aufirst=James+H.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fturksacrossempir0000meye&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Mills, Simon (2020). <i>A commerce of knowledge: trade, religion, and scholarship between England and the Ottoman Empire, 1600-1760</i> (1. bas.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198840336" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198840336">978-0198840336</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+commerce+of+knowledge%3A+trade%2C+religion%2C+and+scholarship+between+England+and+the+Ottoman+Empire%2C+1600-1760&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.edition=1.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2020&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198840336&amp;rft.aulast=Mills&amp;rft.aufirst=Simon&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Nock, Matthew (2014). <i>The Oxford handbook of suicide and self-injury</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0190669386" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0190669386">978-0190669386</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+suicide+and+self-injury&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.isbn=978-0190669386&amp;rft.aulast=Nock&amp;rft.aufirst=Matthew&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Oegema, Gerbern (2021). <i>The Oxford handbook of the Apocrypha</i>. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0190689643" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0190689643">978-0190689643</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+the+Apocrypha&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.isbn=978-0190689643&amp;rft.aulast=Oegema&amp;rft.aufirst=Gerbern&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Oqubay, Arkebe (2020). <i>The Oxford handbook of industrial hubs and economic development</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198850434" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198850434">978-0198850434</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+industrial+hubs+and+economic+development&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2020&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198850434&amp;rft.aulast=Oqubay&amp;rft.aufirst=Arkebe&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Papaioannou, Stratis (2021). <i>The Oxford handbook of Byzantine literature</i>. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199351763" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199351763">978-0199351763</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Byzantine+literature&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+N.Y.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199351763&amp;rft.aulast=Papaioannou&amp;rft.aufirst=Stratis&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Papanikolaou, Dimitris (2021). <i>Greek Weird Wave</i>. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1474436311" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1474436311">978-1474436311</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Greek+Weird+Wave&amp;rft.place=Edinburgh&amp;rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.isbn=978-1474436311&amp;rft.aulast=Papanikolaou&amp;rft.aufirst=Dimitris&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Parkin, Tim (2013). <i>The Oxford handbook of childhood and education in the classical world</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199781546" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199781546">978-0199781546</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+childhood+and+education+in+the+classical+world&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199781546&amp;rft.aulast=Parkin&amp;rft.aufirst=Tim&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Preus, Anthony (2015). <i>Historical Dictionary of Ancient Greek Philosophy</i> (2. bas.). Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1442246386" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1442246386">978-1442246386</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Ancient+Greek+Philosophy&amp;rft.edition=2.&amp;rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Publishers&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft.isbn=978-1442246386&amp;rft.aulast=Preus&amp;rft.aufirst=Anthony&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Richter, Daniel S. (2017). <i>The Oxford handbook of the Second Sophistic</i>. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199837472" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199837472">978-0199837472</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+the+Second+Sophistic&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199837472&amp;rft.aulast=Richter&amp;rft.aufirst=Daniel+S.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Salvesen, Alison (2021). <i>The Oxford handbook of the Septuagint</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199665716" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199665716">978-0199665716</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+the+Septuagint&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199665716&amp;rft.aulast=Salvesen&amp;rft.aufirst=Alison&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Schwartz, Ellen C. (2021). <i>The Oxford handbook of Byzantine art and architecture</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0190277352" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0190277352">978-0190277352</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Byzantine+art+and+architecture&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.isbn=978-0190277352&amp;rft.aulast=Schwartz&amp;rft.aufirst=Ellen+C.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Shields, Christopher (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195187489"><i>The Oxford handbook of Aristotle</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0195187489" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0195187489">978-0195187489</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+Aristotle&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.isbn=978-0195187489&amp;rft.aulast=Shields&amp;rft.aufirst=Christopher&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780195187489&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Smiley, Will. <i>From Slaves to Prisoners of War: The Ottoman Empire, Russia, and International Law</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198785415" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198785415">978-0198785415</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=From+Slaves+to+Prisoners+of+War%3A+The+Ottoman+Empire%2C+Russia%2C+and+International+Law&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198785415&amp;rft.aulast=Smiley&amp;rft.aufirst=Will&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Steadman, Sharon R. (2016). <i>The Oxford handbook of ancient Anatolia, 10,000-323 B.C.E</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199336012" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199336012">978-0199336012</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+ancient+Anatolia%2C+10%2C000-323+B.C.E.&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2016&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199336012&amp;rft.aulast=Steadman&amp;rft.aufirst=Sharon+R.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Tarlow, Sarah (2013). <i>The Oxford handbook of the archaeology of death and burial</i> (1. bas.). Oxford, <a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık">Birleşik Krallık</a>: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0198855255" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0198855255">978-0198855255</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+the+archaeology+of+death+and+burial&amp;rft.place=Oxford%2C+Birle%C5%9Fik+Krall%C4%B1k&amp;rft.edition=1.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.isbn=978-0198855255&amp;rft.aulast=Tarlow&amp;rft.aufirst=Sarah&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Tziovas, Dimitris (2014). <i>Re-imagining the past: antiquity and modern Greek culture</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0199672752" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0199672752">978-0199672752</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Re-imagining+the+past%3A+antiquity+and+modern+Greek+culture&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.isbn=978-0199672752&amp;rft.aulast=Tziovas&amp;rft.aufirst=Dimitris&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite class="kaynak kitap">Wright, Edmund (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofworl0000unse_c2l6"><i>A dictionary of world history</i></a> (2. bas.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/9780192807007" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/9780192807007">9780192807007</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+dictionary+of+world+history&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.edition=2.&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.isbn=9780192807007&amp;rft.aulast=Wright&amp;rft.aufirst=Edmund&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdictionaryofworl0000unse_c2l6&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AYunanistan" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dış_bağlantılar"><span id="D.C4.B1.C5.9F_ba.C4.9Flant.C4.B1lar"></span>Dış bağlantılar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=41" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Dış bağlantılar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=41" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Dış bağlantılar"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="metadata plainlinks mbox-small" style="padding:0.25em 0.5em 0.5em 0.75em;border:1px solid #aaa;background:#f9f9f9;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom:0.75em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;"><div style="clear:both;"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Karde%C5%9F_projeler" title="Vikipedi:Kardeş projeler">Vikipedi'nin kardeş projelerinden</a><br /><b>Yunanistan</b><br />hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin </div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td style="padding-top:0.75em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Yunanistan" title="Vikisözlük&#39;te ara"><img alt="Vikisözlük&#39;te ara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/25px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/38px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/50px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> </td> <td style="padding-top:0.75em;"><a href="https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Yunanistan" class="extiw" title="wikt:Yunanistan">Vikisözlük</a>'te tanımlar </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Commons&#39;ta ara"><img alt="Commons&#39;ta ara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/37px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1" class="extiw" title="c:Ελλάδα">Commons</a>'ta dosyalar </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://tr.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Yunanistan" title="Vikihaber&#39;de ara"><img alt="Vikihaber&#39;de ara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/25px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/38px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/50px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="https://tr.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Portal:Yunanistan" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Portal:Yunanistan">Vikihaber</a>'de haberler </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://tr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Yunan_atas%C3%B6zleri" title="Vikisöz&#39;de ara"><img alt="Vikisöz&#39;de ara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/21px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/32px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/42px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 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style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ege_uygarl%C4%B1klar%C4%B1" title="Ege uygarlıkları">Ege uygarlıkları</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girit_uygarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Girit uygarlığı">Girit uygarlığı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miken_Uygarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Miken Uygarlığı">Miken Uygarlığı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antik_Yunanistan" title="Antik Yunanistan">Antik Yunanistan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yunan_Karanl%C4%B1k_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Yunan Karanlık Çağı">Karanlık Çağ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkaik_Yunanistan" title="Arkaik Yunanistan">Arkaik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klasik_Yunanistan" title="Klasik Yunanistan">Klasik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helenistik_d%C3%B6nem" class="mw-redirect" title="Helenistik dönem">Helenistik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roma_Yunanistan%C4%B1" title="Roma Yunanistanı">Roma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bizans_Yunanistan%C4%B1" title="Bizans Yunanistanı">Bizans Yunanistanı</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bizans_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Bizans İmparatorluğu">Bizans İmparatorluğu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankokrasi" title="Frankokrasi">Frankokrasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venedik_kolonileri&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Venedik kolonileri (sayfa mevcut değil)">Venedik kolonileri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_d%C3%B6neminde_Yunanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Osmanlı döneminde Yunanistan">Osmanlı dönemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunan_Ba%C4%9F%C4%B1ms%C4%B1zl%C4%B1k_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunan Bağımsızlık Savaşı">Bağımsızlık Savaşı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Yunanistan_tarihi" title="Modern Yunanistan tarihi">Modern Yunanistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:70px; text-align:center;">Konular</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_askeri_tarihi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın askeri tarihi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Askeri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_ekonomi_tarihi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın ekonomi tarihi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Ekonomik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megali_Idea" class="mw-redirect" title="Megali Idea">Megali Idea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yunanistan arması"><img alt="Yunanistan arması" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="286" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_siyaset" title="Yunanistan&#39;da siyaset">Siyaset</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Anayasas%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan Anayasası">Anayasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_cumhurba%C5%9Fkan%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan cumhurbaşkanı">Cumhurbaşkanı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_ba%C5%9Fbakan%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan başbakanı">Başbakan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan_Bakanlar_Kurulu&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan Bakanlar Kurulu (sayfa mevcut değil)">Bakanlar Kurulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunan_Parlamentosu" title="Yunan Parlamentosu">Parlamento</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_d%C4%B1%C5%9F_ili%C5%9Fkileri&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın dış ilişkileri (sayfa mevcut değil)">Dış ilişkiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_yarg%C4%B1_te%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan&#39;da yargı teşkilatı">Hukuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_insan_haklar%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan&#39;da insan hakları">İnsan hakları</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_LGBT_haklar%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan&#39;da LGBT hakları">LGBT hakları</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Yunanistan Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Ordu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_se%C3%A7imler&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da seçimler (sayfa mevcut değil)">Seçimler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27daki_siyasi_partiler_listesi" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki siyasi partiler listesi">Siyasi partiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_idari_b%C3%B6l%C3%BCmleri" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın idari bölümleri">İdari bölümler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_co%C4%9Frafyas%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan coğrafyası">Coğrafya</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27daki_adalar_listesi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki adalar listesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Adalar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27daki_g%C3%B6ller_listesi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki göller listesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Göller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27daki_da%C4%9Flar_listesi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki dağlar listesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Dağlar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27daki_nehirler_listesi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki nehirler listesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Nehirler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27daki_depremler_listesi" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki depremler listesi">Depremler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_co%C4%9Frafi_b%C3%B6lgeleri" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın coğrafi bölgeleri">Coğrafi bölgeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27daki_%C5%9Fehirler_listesi" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki şehirler listesi">Şehirler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_ekonomisi" title="Yunanistan ekonomisi">Ekonomi</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Bankas%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan Bankası">Merkez Bankası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunan_h%C3%BCk%C3%BBmeti_bor%C3%A7_krizi" title="Yunan hükûmeti borç krizi">Borç krizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_enerji" title="Yunanistan&#39;da enerji">Enerji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_gemicilik&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da gemicilik (sayfa mevcut değil)">Gemicilik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_bilim_ve_teknoloji&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da bilim ve teknoloji (sayfa mevcut değil)">Bilim ve teknoloji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_telekom%C3%BCnikasyon&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da telekomünikasyon (sayfa mevcut değil)">Telekomünikasyon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_tar%C4%B1m&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da tarım (sayfa mevcut değil)">Tarım</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_turizm" title="Yunanistan&#39;da turizm">Turizm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_ula%C5%9F%C4%B1m&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da ulaşım (sayfa mevcut değil)">Ulaşım</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Toplum</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:70px; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_demografisi" title="Yunanistan demografisi">Demografi</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yunanlar" title="Yunanlar">Yunanlar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27daki_diller&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki diller (sayfa mevcut değil)">Dil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yunanca" title="Yunanca">Yunanca</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_e%C4%9Fitim&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da eğitim (sayfa mevcut değil)">Eğitim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27daki_etnik_gruplar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;daki etnik gruplar (sayfa mevcut değil)">Etnik gruplar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_g%C3%B6%C3%A7menlik&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da göçmenlik (sayfa mevcut değil)">Göçmenlik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunan_diasporas%C4%B1" title="Yunan diasporası">Diaspora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:70px; text-align:center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_k%C3%BClt%C3%BCr&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da kültür (sayfa mevcut değil)">Kültür</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan%27da_din" title="Yunanistan&#39;da din">Din</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yunan_Ortodoks_Kilisesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunan Ortodoks Kilisesi">Yunan Ortodoks Kilisesi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunan_edebiyat%C4%B1" title="Yunan edebiyatı">Edebiyat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_medya&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da medya (sayfa mevcut değil)">Medya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunan_mimarisi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunan mimarisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Mimari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunan_mutfa%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Yunan mutfağı">Mutfak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_m%C3%BCzik&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da müzik (sayfa mevcut değil)">Müzik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_sanat&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da sanat (sayfa mevcut değil)">Sanat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunan_sinemas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunan sineması">Sinema</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_tiyatro&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da tiyatro (sayfa mevcut değil)">Tiyatro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_resmi_tatiller&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da resmi tatiller (sayfa mevcut değil)">Resmi tatiller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27%C4%B1n_posta_tarihi_ve_posta_pullar%C4%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;ın posta tarihi ve posta pulları (sayfa mevcut değil)">Posta tarihi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yunanistan%27da_spor&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yunanistan&#39;da spor (sayfa mevcut değil)">Spor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_bayra%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan bayrağı">Bayrak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_armas%C4%B1" title="Yunanistan arması">Arma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imnos_is_tin_Eleftherian" title="Imnos is tin Eleftherian">Ulusal Marş</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:Yunanistan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:Yunanistan (sayfa mevcut değil)">Portal</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vikiproje:Yunanistan" title="Vikiproje:Yunanistan">VikiProje</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Yunanistan" title="Kategori:Yunanistan">Kategori</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Balkanlar" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link 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id="Balkanlar" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Balkanlar" title="Balkanlar">Balkanlar</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ülkeler</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Arnavutluk"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Arnavutluk" title="Arnavutluk">Arnavutluk</a></span></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bosna-Hersek"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Bosna-Hersek" title="Bosna-Hersek">Bosna-Hersek</a></span></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bulgaristan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Bulgaristan" title="Bulgaristan">Bulgaristan</a></span></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Hırvatistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/H%C4%B1rvatistan" title="Hırvatistan">Hırvatistan</a></span><sup>*</sup></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Karadağ"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Karada%C4%9F" title="Karadağ">Karadağ</a></span></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Kosova"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Kosova" title="Kosova">Kosova</a></span></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Kuzey Makedonya"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Makedonya" title="Kuzey Makedonya">Kuzey Makedonya</a></span></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Romanya"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Romanya" title="Romanya">Romanya</a></span><sup>*</sup></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Sırbistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/S%C4%B1rbistan" title="Sırbistan">Sırbistan</a></span><sup>*</sup></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Slovenya"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Slovenya" title="Slovenya">Slovenya</a></span><sup>*</sup></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Türkiye"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" title="Türkiye">Türkiye</a></span><sup>*</sup></li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Yunanistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yunanistan</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Balkan_topo_tr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Balkan_topo_tr.jpg/100px-Balkan_topo_tr.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Balkan_topo_tr.jpg/150px-Balkan_topo_tr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Balkan_topo_tr.jpg/200px-Balkan_topo_tr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2739" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Konular</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Balkanlar_co%C4%9Frafyas%C4%B1" title="Balkanlar coğrafyası">Coğrafya</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkanlar" title="Balkanlar">Balkanlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumeli" title="Rumeli">Rumeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkanlar%27daki_da%C4%9Flar" title="Balkanlar&#39;daki dağlar">Balkanlar'daki dağlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkanlar%27daki_nehirler" title="Balkanlar&#39;daki nehirler">Balkanlar'daki nehirler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demirkap%C4%B1_(Tuna)" title="Demirkapı (Tuna)">Demirkapı</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Balkanlar_tarihi" title="Balkanlar tarihi">Tarih</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tarih%C3%B6ncesi_Balkanlar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarihöncesi Balkanlar">Tarihöncesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul%27un_Fethi" title="İstanbul&#39;un Fethi">İstanbul'un Fethi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Sava%C5%9Flar%C4%B1" title="Balkan Savaşları">Balkan Savaşları</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I._D%C3%BCnya_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1_Balkan_Cephesi" title="I. Dünya Savaşı Balkan Cephesi">I. Dünya Savaşı Balkan Cephesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Cephesi_(II._D%C3%BCnya_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1)" title="Balkan Cephesi (II. Dünya Savaşı)">II. Dünya Savaşı Balkan Cephesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavya%27n%C4%B1n_da%C4%9F%C4%B1lmas%C4%B1" title="Yugoslavya&#39;nın dağılması">Yugoslavya'nın dağılması</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosova_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Kosova Savaşı">Kosova Savaşı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO%27nun_Yugoslavya%27y%C4%B1_bombalamas%C4%B1" title="NATO&#39;nun Yugoslavya&#39;yı bombalaması">NATO'nun Yugoslavya'yı bombalaması</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Makedonya_%C3%A7at%C4%B1%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1" title="2001 Makedonya çatışması">2001 Makedonya çatışması</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunan_h%C3%BCk%C3%BBmeti_bor%C3%A7_krizi" title="Yunan hükûmeti borç krizi">Yunan hükûmeti borç krizi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kültür</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_dilleri" title="Balkan dilleri">Balkan dilleri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_dil_birli%C4%9Fi" title="Balkan dil birliği">Balkan dil birliği</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_m%C3%BCzi%C4%9Fi" title="Balkan müziği">Balkan müziği</a> • <a href="/wiki/Balkan_mutfa%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Balkan mutfağı">Balkan mutfağı</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><small><sup>*</sup> Topraklarının bir kısmı Balkanlar’da olan ülke.</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Avrupa_ülkeleri" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25548259"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Avrupa_%C3%BClkeleri" title="Şablon:Avrupa ülkeleri"><abbr title="Bu şablonu görüntüle" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Avrupa_%C3%BClkeleri" title="Şablon tartışma:Avrupa ülkeleri"><abbr title="Bu şablonu tartış" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Avrupa_%C3%BClkeleri&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Bu şablonu değiştir" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Avrupa_ülkeleri" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Avrupa_%C3%BClkeleri_listesi" title="Avrupa ülkeleri listesi">Avrupa ülkeleri</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Egemen_devlet" title="Egemen devlet">Egemen devletler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almanya" title="Almanya">Almanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnavutluk" title="Arnavutluk">Arnavutluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avusturya" title="Avusturya">Avusturya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaycan" title="Azerbaycan">Azerbaycan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%A7ika" title="Belçika">Belçika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık">Birleşik Krallık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosna-Hersek" title="Bosna-Hersek">Bosna-Hersek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaristan" title="Bulgaristan">Bulgaristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ekya" title="Çekya">Çekya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danimarka" title="Danimarka">Danimarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermenistan" title="Ermenistan">Ermenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonya" title="Estonya">Estonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finlandiya" title="Finlandiya">Finlandiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fransa" title="Fransa">Fransa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCrcistan" title="Gürcistan">Gürcistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C4%B1rvatistan" title="Hırvatistan">Hırvatistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollanda" title="Hollanda">Hollanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0rlanda" title="İrlanda">İrlanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0spanya" title="İspanya">İspanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0sve%C3%A7" title="İsveç">İsveç</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0svi%C3%A7re" title="İsviçre">İsviçre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0talya" title="İtalya">İtalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zlanda" title="İzlanda">İzlanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karada%C4%9F" title="Karadağ">Karadağ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan">Kazakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti">Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Makedonya" title="Kuzey Makedonya">Kuzey Makedonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letonya" title="Letonya">Letonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lihten%C5%9Ftayn" title="Lihtenştayn">Lihtenştayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litvanya" title="Litvanya">Litvanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCksemburg" title="Lüksemburg">Lüksemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaristan" title="Macaristan">Macaristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monako" title="Monako">Monako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norve%C3%A7" title="Norveç">Norveç</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polonya" title="Polonya">Polonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portekiz" title="Portekiz">Portekiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanya" title="Romanya">Romanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusya" title="Rusya">Rusya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%B1rbistan" title="Sırbistan">Sırbistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakya" title="Slovakya">Slovakya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenya" title="Slovenya">Slovenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" title="Türkiye">Türkiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna">Ukrayna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatikan" title="Vatikan">Vatikan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yunanistan</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding:0 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Avrupa" title="Avrupa"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tan%C4%B1nmayan_veya_s%C4%B1n%C4%B1rl%C4%B1_%C5%9Fekilde_tan%C4%B1nan_devletler_listesi" title="Tanınmayan veya sınırlı şekilde tanınan devletler listesi">Sınırlı tanınmış<br />olan devletler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhazya" title="Abhazya">Abhazya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Osetya" title="Güney Osetya">Güney Osetya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosova" title="Kosova">Kosova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s_T%C3%BCrk_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti">Kuzey Kıbrıs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transdinyester" title="Transdinyester">Transdinyester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%9F%C4%B1ml%C4%B1_toprak" title="Bağımlı toprak">Bağımlı</a> ve<br />diğer bölgeler</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık">Birleşik Krallık</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C4%9Frotur_ve_Dikelya" title="Ağrotur ve Dikelya">Ağrotur ve Dikelya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebelitar%C4%B1k" title="Cebelitarık">Cebelitarık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guernsey" title="Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man_Adas%C4%B1" title="Man Adası">Man Adası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Danimarka_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Danimarka Krallığı">Danimarka Krallığı</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faroe_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Faroe Adaları">Faroe Adaları</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Finlandiya" title="Finlandiya">Finlandiya</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%85land" title="Åland">Åland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Akdeniz&amp;#039;e_kıyısı_olan_ülkeler" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25548259"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Akdeniz%27e_k%C4%B1y%C4%B1s%C4%B1_olan_%C3%BClkeler" title="Şablon:Akdeniz&#39;e kıyısı olan ülkeler"><abbr title="Bu şablonu görüntüle" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Akdeniz%27e_k%C4%B1y%C4%B1s%C4%B1_olan_%C3%BClkeler" title="Şablon tartışma:Akdeniz&#39;e kıyısı olan ülkeler"><abbr title="Bu şablonu tartış" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Akdeniz%27e_k%C4%B1y%C4%B1s%C4%B1_olan_%C3%BClkeler&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Bu şablonu değiştir" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Akdeniz&amp;#039;e_kıyısı_olan_ülkeler" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Akdeniz" title="Akdeniz">Akdeniz</a>'e kıyısı olan ülkeler</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Egemen_devlet" title="Egemen devlet">Egemen devletler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnavutluk" title="Arnavutluk">Arnavutluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosna-Hersek" title="Bosna-Hersek">Bosna-Hersek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cezayir" title="Cezayir">Cezayir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fas" title="Fas">Fas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fransa" title="Fransa">Fransa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C4%B1rvatistan" title="Hırvatistan">Hırvatistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0spanya" title="İspanya">İspanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0srail" title="İsrail">İsrail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0talya" title="İtalya">İtalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karada%C4%9F" title="Karadağ">Karadağ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s" title="Kıbrıs">Kıbrıs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r" title="Mısır">Mısır</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbnan" title="Lübnan">Lübnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monako" title="Monako">Monako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenya" title="Slovenya">Slovenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriye" title="Suriye">Suriye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunus" title="Tunus">Tunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" title="Türkiye">Türkiye</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yunanistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tan%C4%B1nmayan_veya_s%C4%B1n%C4%B1rl%C4%B1_%C5%9Fekilde_tan%C4%B1nan_devletler_listesi" title="Tanınmayan veya sınırlı şekilde tanınan devletler listesi">Sınırlı tanınan devletler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s_T%C3%BCrk_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti">Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filistin_Devleti" title="Filistin Devleti">Filistin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%9F%C4%B1ml%C4%B1_toprak" title="Bağımlı toprak">Bağımlı topraklar</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C4%9Frotur_ve_Dikelya" title="Ağrotur ve Dikelya">Ağrotur ve Dikelya</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık">BK</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebelitar%C4%B1k" title="Cebelitarık">Cebelitarık</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(BK)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22x20px&amp;#124;border_&amp;#124;alt=Avrupa_Birliği&amp;#124;link=Avrupa_Birliği_Avrupa_Birliği_üyesi_ülkeler" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25548259"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi_%C3%BCyesi_%C3%BClkeler" title="Şablon:Avrupa Birliği üyesi ülkeler"><abbr title="Bu şablonu görüntüle" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi_%C3%BCyesi_%C3%BClkeler" title="Şablon tartışma:Avrupa Birliği üyesi ülkeler"><abbr title="Bu şablonu tartış" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi_%C3%BCyesi_%C3%BClkeler&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Bu şablonu değiştir" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="22x20px&amp;#124;border_&amp;#124;alt=Avrupa_Birliği&amp;#124;link=Avrupa_Birliği_Avrupa_Birliği_üyesi_ülkeler" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="bayraksimge"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Avrupa Birliği"><img alt="Avrupa Birliği" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/22px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/33px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/44px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Avrupa Birliği">Avrupa Birliği</a> <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi_%C3%BCyesi_%C3%BClkeler" title="Avrupa Birliği üyesi ülkeler">üyesi ülkeler</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Üyeler</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almanya" title="Almanya">Almanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avusturya" title="Avusturya">Avusturya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%A7ika" title="Belçika">Belçika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaristan" title="Bulgaristan">Bulgaristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ekya" title="Çekya">Çekya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danimarka" title="Danimarka">Danimarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonya" title="Estonya">Estonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finlandiya" title="Finlandiya">Finlandiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fransa" title="Fransa">Fransa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C4%B1rvatistan" title="Hırvatistan">Hırvatistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollanda" title="Hollanda">Hollanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0rlanda" title="İrlanda">İrlanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0spanya" title="İspanya">İspanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0sve%C3%A7" title="İsveç">İsveç</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0talya" title="İtalya">İtalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti">Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letonya" title="Letonya">Letonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litvanya" title="Litvanya">Litvanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCksemburg" title="Lüksemburg">Lüksemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaristan" title="Macaristan">Macaristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polonya" title="Polonya">Polonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portekiz" title="Portekiz">Portekiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanya" title="Romanya">Romanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakya" title="Slovakya">Slovakya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenya" title="Slovenya">Slovenya</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yunanistan</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:European_Union_main_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/European_Union_main_map.svg/80px-European_Union_main_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/European_Union_main_map.svg/120px-European_Union_main_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/European_Union_main_map.svg/160px-European_Union_main_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="520" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi%27nin_gelecekteki_geni%C5%9Flemesi" title="Avrupa Birliği&#39;nin gelecekteki genişlemesi">Potansiyel genişleme</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi%27nden_ayr%C4%B1lma" title="Avrupa Birliği&#39;nden ayrılma">Eski üyeler</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kuzey_Atlantik_Antlaşması_Örgütü_(NATO)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25548259"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:NATO" title="Şablon:NATO"><abbr title="Bu şablonu görüntüle" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:NATO" title="Şablon tartışma:NATO"><abbr title="Bu şablonu tartış" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:NATO&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Bu şablonu değiştir" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kuzey_Atlantik_Antlaşması_Örgütü_(NATO)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tarihçe</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Atlantik_Antla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1" title="Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması">Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_zirvesi" title="NATO zirvesi">Zirve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_harek%C3%A2tlar%C4%B1" title="NATO harekâtları">Harekâtlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO%27nun_geni%C5%9Flemesi" title="NATO&#39;nun genişlemesi">Genişleme</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Flag_of_NATO.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/60px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/90px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/120px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yapı</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Atlantik_Konseyi" title="Kuzey Atlantik Konseyi">Kuzey Atlantik Konseyi (NAC)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avrupa_M%C3%BCttefik_Kuvvetleri_Y%C3%BCksek_Kararg%C3%A2h%C4%B1" title="Avrupa Müttefik Kuvvetleri Yüksek Karargâhı">Avrupa Müttefik Kuvvetleri Yüksek Karargâhı (SHAPE)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCttefik_Deniz_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Müttefik Deniz Komutanlığı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Müttefik Deniz Komutanlığı</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCttefik_Hava_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Müttefik Hava Komutanlığı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Müttefik Hava Komutanlığı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCttefik_Kara_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Müttefik Kara Komutanlığı">Müttefik Kara Komutanlığı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCttefik_D%C3%B6n%C3%BC%C5%9F%C3%BCm_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Müttefik Dönüşüm Komutanlığı">Müttefik Dönüşüm Komutanlığı (ACT)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kişiler</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NATO_Genel_Sekreteri" title="NATO Genel Sekreteri">Genel Sekreter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_Asker%C3%AE_Komitesi_ba%C5%9Fkan%C4%B1" title="NATO Askerî Komitesi başkanı">NATO Askerî Komite Başkanı (CMC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avrupa_M%C3%BCttefik_Kuvvetleri_Y%C3%BCksek_Kararg%C3%A2h%C4%B1" title="Avrupa Müttefik Kuvvetleri Yüksek Karargâhı">Avrupa Müttefik Kuvvetleri Yüksek Komutanı (SACEUR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCttefik_D%C3%B6n%C3%BC%C5%9F%C3%BCm_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Müttefik Dönüşüm Komutanlığı">Yüksek Müttefik Dönüşüm Komutanı (SACT)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/NATO_%C3%BCyesi_%C3%BClkeler" title="NATO üyesi ülkeler">Üyeler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Silahlı Kuvvetleri">ABD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundeswehr" title="Bundeswehr">Almanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnavutluk_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Arnavutluk Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Arnavutluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%A7ika_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Belçika Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Belçika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Birleşik Krallık Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Birleşik Krallık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaristan_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Bulgaristan Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Bulgaristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ekya_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Çekya Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Çek Cumhuriyeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danimarka_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Danimarka Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Danimarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonya_Savunma_Kuvvetleri" title="Estonya Savunma Kuvvetleri">Estonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finlandiya_Savunma_Kuvvetleri" title="Finlandiya Savunma Kuvvetleri">Finlandiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frans%C4%B1z_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Fransız Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Fransa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C4%B1rvatistan_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Hırvatistan Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Hırvatistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollanda_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Hollanda Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Hollanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0spanya_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="İspanya Silahlı Kuvvetleri">İspanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0sve%C3%A7_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="İsveç Silahlı Kuvvetleri">İsveç</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0talya_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="İtalya Silahlı Kuvvetleri">İtalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zlanda_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="İzlanda Silahlı Kuvvetleri">İzlanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanada_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Kanada Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Kanada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karada%C4%9F_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Karadağ Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Karadağ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Makedonya_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Kuzey Makedonya Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Kuzey Makedonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letonya_Ulusal_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Letonya Ulusal Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Letonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litvanya_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Litvanya Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Litvanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCksemburg_Ordusu" title="Lüksemburg Ordusu">Lüksemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaristan_Savunma_Kuvvetleri" title="Macaristan Savunma Kuvvetleri">Macaristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norve%C3%A7_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Norveç Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Norveç</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polonya_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Polonya Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Polonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portekiz_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Portekiz Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Portekiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanya_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Romanya Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Romanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakya_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Slovakya Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Slovakya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenya_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Slovenya Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Slovenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Türkiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Silahl%C4%B1_Kuvvetleri" title="Yunanistan Silahlı Kuvvetleri">Yunanistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ekonomik_Kalkınma_ve_İşbirliği_Örgütü_(OECD)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#f0f0f0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25548259"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:OECD" title="Şablon:OECD"><abbr title="Bu şablonu görüntüle" style=";background:#f0f0f0;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:OECD" title="Şablon tartışma:OECD"><abbr title="Bu şablonu tartış" style=";background:#f0f0f0;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:OECD&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Bu şablonu değiştir" style=";background:#f0f0f0;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ekonomik_Kalkınma_ve_İşbirliği_Örgütü_(OECD)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İşbirliği Örgütü</a> (OECD)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#f0f0f0;"><a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">Üyeler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="ABD"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri">ABD</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Almanya"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Almanya" title="Almanya">Almanya</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Avustralya"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Avustralya" title="Avustralya">Avustralya</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Avusturya"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Avusturya" title="Avusturya">Avusturya</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Belçika"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%A7ika" title="Belçika">Belçika</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Birleşik Krallık"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık">Birleşik Krallık</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Çekya"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ekya" title="Çekya">Çekya</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Danimarka"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Danimarka" title="Danimarka">Danimarka</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Estonya"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Estonya" title="Estonya">Estonya</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Finlandiya"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Finlandiya" title="Finlandiya">Finlandiya</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Fransa"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Fransa" title="Fransa">Fransa</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Güney Kore"><span class="flagicon"><span 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yunanistan</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Yeni Zelanda"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Yeni_Zelanda" title="Yeni Zelanda">Yeni Zelanda</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:OECD_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="OECD"><img alt="OECD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/OECD_Logo.svg/55px-OECD_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/OECD_Logo.svg/83px-OECD_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/OECD_Logo.svg/110px-OECD_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="170" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Karadeniz_Ekonomik_İşbirliği_(BSEC)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25548259"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Karadeniz_Ekonomik_%C4%B0%C5%9Fbirli%C4%9Fi" title="Şablon:Karadeniz Ekonomik İşbirliği"><abbr title="Bu şablonu görüntüle" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Karadeniz_Ekonomik_%C4%B0%C5%9Fbirli%C4%9Fi" title="Şablon tartışma:Karadeniz Ekonomik İşbirliği"><abbr title="Bu şablonu tartış" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Karadeniz_Ekonomik_%C4%B0%C5%9Fbirli%C4%9Fi&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Bu şablonu değiştir" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Karadeniz_Ekonomik_İşbirliği_(BSEC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Karadeniz_Ekonomik_%C4%B0%C5%9Fbirli%C4%9Fi" title="Karadeniz Ekonomik İşbirliği">Karadeniz Ekonomik İşbirliği</a> (BSEC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Üyeler</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnavutluk" title="Arnavutluk">Arnavutluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaycan" title="Azerbaycan">Azerbaycan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaristan" title="Bulgaristan">Bulgaristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermenistan" title="Ermenistan">Ermenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCrcistan" title="Gürcistan">Gürcistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanya" title="Romanya">Romanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusya" title="Rusya">Rusya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" title="Türkiye">Türkiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna">Ukrayna</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yunanistan</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:BSEC_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/BSEC_Map.png/150px-BSEC_Map.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/BSEC_Map.png/225px-BSEC_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/BSEC_Map.png/300px-BSEC_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="628" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sonradan katılan üyeler</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%B1rbistan" title="Sırbistan">Sırbistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Üyelik başvurusu kabul edilmeyen ülkeler</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Makedonya" title="Kuzey Makedonya">Kuzey Makedonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti">Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gözlemci Ülkeler</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avusturya" title="Avusturya">Avusturya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almanya" title="Almanya">Almanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri">Amerika Birleşik Devletleri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ekya" title="Çekya">Çekya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fransa" title="Fransa">Fransa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C4%B1rvatistan" title="Hırvatistan">Hırvatistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0srail" title="İsrail">İsrail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0talya" title="İtalya">İtalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r" title="Mısır">Mısır</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polonya" title="Polonya">Polonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakya" title="Slovakya">Slovakya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunus" title="Tunus">Tunus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gözlemci Kuruluşlar</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uluslararas%C4%B1_Karadeniz_Kul%C3%BCb%C3%BC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Uluslararası Karadeniz Kulübü (sayfa mevcut değil)">Uluslararası Karadeniz Kulübü</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enerji_S%C3%B6zle%C5%9Fmesi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Enerji Sözleşmesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Enerji Sözleşmesi Sekreterliği</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karadeniz_Komisyonu" title="Karadeniz Komisyonu">Karadeniz Komisyonu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Komisyonu" title="Avrupa Komisyonu">Avrupa Komisyonu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmara_Grubu_Stratejik_ve_Sosyal_Ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmalar_Vakf%C4%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Marmara Grubu Stratejik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Vakfı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Marmara Grubu Stratejik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Vakfı</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Uluslararası_Frankofoni_Örgütü&amp;#039;ne_üye_ve_gözlemci_ülkeler" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25548259"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Frankofoni" title="Şablon:Frankofoni"><abbr title="Bu şablonu görüntüle" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Frankofoni" title="Şablon tartışma:Frankofoni"><abbr title="Bu şablonu tartış" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Frankofoni&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Bu şablonu değiştir" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Uluslararası_Frankofoni_Örgütü&amp;#039;ne_üye_ve_gözlemci_ülkeler" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Frankofoni_%C3%96rg%C3%BCt%C3%BC" title="Uluslararası Frankofoni Örgütü">Uluslararası Frankofoni Örgütü</a>'ne üye ve gözlemci ülkeler</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Üyeler</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnavutluk" title="Arnavutluk">Arnavutluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%A7ika" title="Belçika">Belçika</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frans%C4%B1z_Toplulu%C4%9Fu&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fransız Topluluğu (sayfa mevcut değil)">Fransız Topluluğu</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaristan" title="Bulgaristan">Bulgaristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cibuti" title="Cibuti">Cibuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ad" title="Çad">Çad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongo_Demokratik_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kongo Demokratik Cumhuriyeti">Kongo Demokratik Cumhuriyeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominika" title="Dominika">Dominika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekvator_Ginesi" title="Ekvator Ginesi">Ekvator Ginesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermenistan" title="Ermenistan">Ermenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fas" title="Fas">Fas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fildi%C5%9Fi_Sahili" title="Fildişi Sahili">Fildişi Sahili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fransa" title="Fransa">Fransa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frans%C4%B1z_Guyanas%C4%B1" title="Fransız Guyanası">Fransız Guyanası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinik" title="Martinik">Martinik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_ve_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre ve Miquelon">St. Pierre ve Miquelon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gana" title="Gana">Gana</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gine" title="Gine">Gine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gine-Bissau" title="Gine-Bissau">Gine-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0svi%C3%A7re" title="İsviçre">İsviçre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Québec">Québec</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kambo%C3%A7ya" title="Kamboçya">Kamboçya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamerun" title="Kamerun">Kamerun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti">Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komorlar" title="Komorlar">Komorlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongo_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kongo Cumhuriyeti">Kongo Cumhuriyeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Makedonya" title="Kuzey Makedonya">Kuzey Makedonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCksemburg" title="Lüksemburg">Lüksemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbnan" title="Lübnan">Lübnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagaskar" title="Madagaskar">Madagaskar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r" title="Mısır">Mısır</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moritanya" title="Moritanya">Moritanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monako" title="Monako">Monako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nijer" title="Nijer">Nijer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orta_Afrika_Cumhuriyeti" title="Orta Afrika Cumhuriyeti">Orta Afrika Cumhuriyeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanya" title="Romanya">Romanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruanda" title="Ruanda">Ruanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_ve_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé ve Príncipe">São Tomé ve Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sey%C5%9Feller" title="Seyşeller">Seyşeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunus" title="Tunus">Tunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye%C5%9Fil_Burun_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Yeşil Burun Adaları">Yeşil Burun Adaları</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yunanistan</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg/100px-Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg/150px-Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg/200px-Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gözlemciler</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avusturya" title="Avusturya">Avusturya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ekya" title="Çekya">Çekya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCrcistan" title="Gürcistan">Gürcistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C4%B1rvatistan" title="Hırvatistan">Hırvatistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letonya" title="Letonya">Letonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litvanya" title="Litvanya">Litvanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaristan" title="Macaristan">Macaristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambik" title="Mozambik">Mozambik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polonya" title="Polonya">Polonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%B1rbistan" title="Sırbistan">Sırbistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakya" title="Slovakya">Slovakya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenya" title="Slovenya">Slovenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayland" title="Tayland">Tayland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna">Ukrayna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>1</small></sup></span> Ortak üye.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span id="coordinates" class="plainlinksneverexpand"><a href="/wiki/Co%C4%9Frafi_koordinat_sistemi" title="Coğrafi koordinat sistemi">Koordinatlar</a>: <span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Yunanistan&amp;params=37_59_N_23_44_E_{{{7}}}"><span title="Bu yer için haritalar, uydu fotoğrafları ve diğer veriler">37°59′N, 23°44′E</span></a></span></span> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Otorite_kontrolü_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Bunu_Vikiveri&amp;#039;de_düzenleyin&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Bunu_Vikiveri&amp;#039;de_düzenleyin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Otorite_kontrolü_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Bunu_Vikiveri&amp;#039;de_düzenleyin&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Bunu_Vikiveri&amp;#039;de_düzenleyin" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Otorite_kontrol%C3%BC" title="Otorite kontrolü">Otorite kontrolü</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41" title="Bunu Vikiveri&#39;de düzenleyin"><img alt="Bunu Vikiveri&#39;de düzenleyin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0spanya_Mill%C3%AE_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="İspanya Millî Kütüphanesi">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX450889">XX450889</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fransa_Mill%C3%AE_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="Fransa Millî Kütüphanesi">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118727476">cb118727476</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118727476">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01404242?l=en">DA01404242</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCmle%C5%9Fik_Otorite_Dosyas%C4%B1" title="Tümleşik Otorite Dosyası">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4022047-3">4022047-3</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0svi%C3%A7re_Tarihsel_S%C3%B6zl%C3%BC%C4%9F%C3%BC" title="İsviçre Tarihsel Sözlüğü">HDS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/003355">003355</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Ad_Tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Ad Tanımlayıcısı">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000405552357">0000 0004 0555 2357</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/KulturNav" title="KulturNav">KulturNav</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/4959abe5-98e8-4e89-a7a0-a0998b6ccd2f">4959abe5-98e8-4e89-a7a0-a0998b6ccd2f</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kongre_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi_Kontrol_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Kongre Kütüphanesi Kontrol Numarası">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n80046090">n80046090</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MusicBrainz" title="MusicBrainz">MusicBrainz</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/803db0ca-b6ed-3bbc-aeb8-f89efd0a2168">803db0ca-b6ed-3bbc-aeb8-f89efd0a2168</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ulusal_Ar%C5%9Fivler_ve_Kay%C4%B1tlar_%C4%B0daresi" title="Ulusal Arşivler ve Kayıtlar İdaresi">NARA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10035789">10035789</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mill%C3%AE_Diyet_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="Millî Diyet Kütüphanesi">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00562473">00562473</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ek_Cumhuriyeti_Mill%C3%AE_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="Çek Cumhuriyeti Millî Kütüphanesi">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=ge131737&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">ge131737</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yunanistan_Mill%C3%AE_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="Yunanistan Millî Kütüphanesi">NLG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record4335">4335</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0srail_Ulusal_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="İsrail Ulusal Kütüphanesi">NLI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007564324405171">987007564324405171</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bat%C4%B1_%C4%B0svi%C3%A7re_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphane_A%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Batı İsviçre Kütüphane Ağı">RERO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A000075810">02-A000075810</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cniversiteleraras%C4%B1_Belgeleme_Sistemi" title="Üniversitelerarası Belgeleme Sistemi">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026488523">026488523</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/TDV_%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m_Ansiklopedisi" title="TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi">TDVİA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/yunanistan">yunanistan</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Sanal_Otorite_Dosyas%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Sanal Otorite Dosyası">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/131265011">131265011</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat</a> (LCCN): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n80-046090">n80-046090</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img 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