CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Dorchester, Boston - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"b0353bcf-47db-4092-9c8d-fa99734f0a94","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Dorchester,_Boston","wgTitle":"Dorchester, Boston","wgCurRevisionId":1255606925,"wgRevisionId":1255606925,"wgArticleId":582016,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments","Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 maint: archived copy as title","CS1: long volume value","CS1 errors: periodical ignored","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from December 2016","Articles with permanently dead external links","Articles with dead external links from February 2024","Articles with short description", "Short description is different from Wikidata","Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list","Coordinates on Wikidata","Pages using infobox settlement with possible area code list","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018","Articles with unsourced statements from November 2010","Webarchive template archiveis links","Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata","Pages using Sister project links with default search","Dorchester, Boston","Populated places established in 1630","Neighborhoods in Boston","Former municipalities in Boston","Irish-American neighborhoods","Streetcar suburbs","Defunct towns in Massachusetts","History of Boston","1630 establishments in the Massachusetts Bay Colony","Little Saigons","Populated coastal places in Massachusetts"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Dorchester,_Boston","wgRelevantArticleId":582016, "wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":100000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":42.31666666666667,"lon":-71.05},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1024037","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList", "mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP", "ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/UMass_Boston_campus.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="801"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/UMass_Boston_campus.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="534"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="427"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Dorchester, Boston - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester,_Boston"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester,_Boston"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Dorchester_Boston rootpage-Dorchester_Boston skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Dorchester%2C+Boston" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Dorchester%2C+Boston" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Dorchester%2C+Boston" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Dorchester%2C+Boston" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 History </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Indigenous_peoples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indigenous_peoples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Indigenous peoples </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indigenous_peoples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_settlement_in_the_17th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_settlement_in_the_17th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 European settlement in the 17th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_settlement_in_the_17th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-18th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 18th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 19th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Victorian_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Victorian_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4.1 Victorian era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Victorian_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annexation_to_Boston" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annexation_to_Boston"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4.2 Annexation to Boston </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Annexation_to_Boston-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turn_of_the_20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turn_of_the_20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Turn of the 20th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turn_of_the_20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1950s–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1950s–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 1950s–present </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1950s–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Neighborhood_sections_and_squares" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neighborhood_sections_and_squares"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Neighborhood sections and squares </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neighborhood_sections_and_squares-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Demographics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-American_Community_Survey_–_Estimates_–_2013" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_Community_Survey_–_Estimates_–_2013"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 American Community Survey – Estimates – 2013 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_Community_Survey_–_Estimates_–_2013-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Race" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Race"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Race </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Race-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancestry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancestry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Ancestry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancestry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Transportation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Economy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Crime </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Crime-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Crime subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Crime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Statistics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Education </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Education subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_and_secondary_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Primary and secondary schools </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.1 Public schools </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catholic_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catholic_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.2 Catholic schools </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catholic_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colleges_and_universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges_and_universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Colleges and universities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges_and_universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Public libraries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Health care </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Housing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Housing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Housing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Housing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Safety </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Urban_policies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urban_policies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Urban policies </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Urban_policies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Urban policies subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Urban_policies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_policy_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_policy_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Public policy issues </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_policy_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-City_budget_plans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#City_budget_plans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 City budget plans </div> </a> <ul id="toc-City_budget_plans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Community" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Community"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Community </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Community-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Community subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Community-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ella_J._Baker_House" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ella_J._Baker_House"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Ella J. Baker House </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ella_J._Baker_House-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Entertainment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Entertainment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Entertainment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Entertainment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leisure_activities_and_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leisure_activities_and_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Leisure activities and areas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leisure_activities_and_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sites_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sites_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Sites of interest </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sites_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Notable people </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 Notes and references </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Notes and references subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17.1 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17.2 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Dorchester, Boston</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" > 16 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%86%D8%B2%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="دورچزتر، بوزتون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دورچزتر، بوزتون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester_(lungsod_sa_Tinipong_Bansa,_Massachusetts)" title="Dorchester (lungsod sa Tinipong Bansa, Massachusetts) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Dorchester (lungsod sa Tinipong Bansa, Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester_(Boston)" title="Dorchester (Boston) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dorchester (Boston)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester_(Masa%C4%89useco)" title="Dorchester (Masaĉuseco) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dorchester (Masaĉuseco)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="دورچستر، بوستون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دورچستر، بوستون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester_(Boston)" title="Dorchester (Boston) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dorchester (Boston)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester_(Massachusetts)" title="Dorchester (Massachusetts) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Dorchester (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester_(Massachusetts)" title="Dorchester (Massachusetts) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dorchester (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester_(Boston)" title="Dorchester (Boston) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dorchester (Boston)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester_(Boston)" title="Dorchester (Boston) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dorchester (Boston)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD)" title="Дорчестер (Бостон) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дорчестер (Бостон)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester,_Massachusetts" title="Dorchester, Massachusetts – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dorchester, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester_(Boston)" title="Dorchester (Boston) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dorchester (Boston)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorchester,_Massachusetts" title="Dorchester, Massachusetts – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dorchester, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%86" title="ڈورچیسٹر، بوسٹن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ڈورچیسٹر، بوسٹن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%87%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9_(%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E9%A0%93)" title="多切斯特 (波士頓) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="多切斯特 (波士頓)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1024037#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Boston" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Dorchester,_Boston" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Boston">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Boston">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Dorchester,_Boston" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Dorchester,_Boston" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&oldid=1255606925" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Dorchester%2C_Boston&id=1255606925&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDorchester%2C_Boston">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDorchester%2C_Boston">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Dorchester%2C_Boston&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dorchester,_Boston" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Boston/Dorchester" hreflang="en">Wikivoyage</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1024037" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Dorchester,_Boston&params=42_19_N_71_3_W_type:city_region:US-MA">42°19′N 71°3′W / 42.317°N 71.050°W / 42.317; -71.050</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Neighborhood of Boston in Suffolk County, Massachusetts, United States</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Neighborhood of Boston in Suffolk, Massachusetts, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Dorchester, Boston</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Boston" title="Neighborhoods in Boston">Neighborhood of Boston</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:Transparent;border-collapse:collapse;border:0px solid black;width:310px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:1px 0 0 1px"><div style="display:table;background-color:Transparent;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:UMass_Boston_campus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/UMass_Boston_campus.jpg/154px-UMass_Boston_campus.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/UMass_Boston_campus.jpg/231px-UMass_Boston_campus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/UMass_Boston_campus.jpg/308px-UMass_Boston_campus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:Lower_Mills_MA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Lower_Mills_MA.jpg/154px-Lower_Mills_MA.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Lower_Mills_MA.jpg/231px-Lower_Mills_MA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Lower_Mills_MA.jpg/308px-Lower_Mills_MA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="803" /></a></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:Transparent;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:JFK_library.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/JFK_library.jpg/154px-JFK_library.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/JFK_library.jpg/231px-JFK_library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/JFK_library.jpg/308px-JFK_library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4012" data-file-height="2994" /></a></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:BostonMA_LawrenceAvenueHD_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/BostonMA_LawrenceAvenueHD_1.jpg/154px-BostonMA_LawrenceAvenueHD_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/BostonMA_LawrenceAvenueHD_1.jpg/231px-BostonMA_LawrenceAvenueHD_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/BostonMA_LawrenceAvenueHD_1.jpg/308px-BostonMA_LawrenceAvenueHD_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="680" /></a></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:Transparent;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_Everett_Square,_Dorchester_MA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Edward_Everett_Square%2C_Dorchester_MA.jpg/154px-Edward_Everett_Square%2C_Dorchester_MA.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Edward_Everett_Square%2C_Dorchester_MA.jpg/231px-Edward_Everett_Square%2C_Dorchester_MA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Edward_Everett_Square%2C_Dorchester_MA.jpg/308px-Edward_Everett_Square%2C_Dorchester_MA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:Boston_Dorchester_First_Parish_Church_W_9671_20190503.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Boston_Dorchester_First_Parish_Church_W_9671_20190503.jpg/154px-Boston_Dorchester_First_Parish_Church_W_9671_20190503.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Boston_Dorchester_First_Parish_Church_W_9671_20190503.jpg/231px-Boston_Dorchester_First_Parish_Church_W_9671_20190503.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Boston_Dorchester_First_Parish_Church_W_9671_20190503.jpg/308px-Boston_Dorchester_First_Parish_Church_W_9671_20190503.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2790" data-file-height="2434" /></a></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div style="font-size:95%">Left-right from top: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a> campus, Neponset River at Lower Mills , <a href="/wiki/JFK_Presidential_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="JFK Presidential Library">JFK Presidential Library</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Avenue_Historic_District" title="Lawrence Avenue Historic District">Lawrence Avenue Historic District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Everett_Square" title="Edward Everett Square">Edward Everett Square</a>, <a href="/wiki/First_Parish_Church_of_Dorchester" title="First Parish Church of Dorchester">First Parish Church of Dorchester</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Dorchester,_Massachusetts.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Dorchester, Boston"><img alt="Official seal of Dorchester, Boston" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Seal_of_Dorchester%2C_Massachusetts.png/100px-Seal_of_Dorchester%2C_Massachusetts.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Seal_of_Dorchester%2C_Massachusetts.png/150px-Seal_of_Dorchester%2C_Massachusetts.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Seal_of_Dorchester%2C_Massachusetts.png/200px-Seal_of_Dorchester%2C_Massachusetts.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="494" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Dot</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Pietate, Literis, Industria (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>) "Piety, Learning, [and] Industry"</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_map_Boston_Metropolitan_Area.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Dorchester, Boston is located in Greater Boston area"><img alt="Dorchester, Boston is located in Greater Boston area" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Location_map_Boston_Metropolitan_Area.png/250px-Location_map_Boston_Metropolitan_Area.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Location_map_Boston_Metropolitan_Area.png/375px-Location_map_Boston_Metropolitan_Area.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Location_map_Boston_Metropolitan_Area.png/500px-Location_map_Boston_Metropolitan_Area.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="679" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:61.151%;left:63.308%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Dorchester, Boston" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Dorchester, Boston</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Boston, Massachusetts</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Dorchester,_Boston&params=42_19_N_71_3_W_type:city_region:US-MA">42°19′N 71°3′W / 42.317°N 71.050°W / 42.317; -71.050</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">County</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Suffolk County, Massachusetts">Suffolk</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Neighborhood of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Settled</th><td class="infobox-data">May 1630</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Incorporated</th><td class="infobox-data">June 1, 1630</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annexed by Boston</th><td class="infobox-data">January 4, 1870<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Namesake" title="Namesake">Named for</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Dorset" title="Dorchester, Dorset">Dorchester, Dorset</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2010)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">91,982 to 134,000</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC-5" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC-5">UTC-5</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Standard_Time_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Standard Time Zone">Eastern</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC-4" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC-4">UTC-4</a> (Eastern)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">ZIP Codes</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">02121, 02122, 02124, 02125</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_code_617" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 617">617</a> and <a href="/wiki/Area_code_857" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 857">857</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Dorchester (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈdɔːrtʃɛstər/</a>) is a neighborhood comprising more than 6 square miles (16 km2) in the City of <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, Massachusetts, United States. Originally, Dorchester was a separate town, founded by <a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritans</a> who emigrated in 1630 from <a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Dorset" title="Dorchester, Dorset">Dorchester, Dorset</a>, England, to the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">Massachusetts Bay Colony</a>. This <a href="/wiki/Municipal_annexation_in_the_United_States" title="Municipal annexation in the United States">dissolved municipality</a>, Boston's largest <a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Boston" title="Neighborhoods in Boston">neighborhood</a> by far,<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> is often divided by city planners in order to create two planning areas roughly equivalent in size and population to other Boston neighborhoods. The neighborhood is named after the town of Dorchester in <a href="/wiki/Dorset" title="Dorset">Dorset</a>, from which <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Puritans_in_North_America" title="History of the Puritans in North America">Puritans</a> emigrated to the New World on the ship <a href="/wiki/Mary_and_John_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary and John (ship)">Mary and John</a>, among others.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Founded in 1630, just a few months before the founding of the city of Boston, Dorchester now covers a geographic area approximately equivalent to nearby <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-dotnews-5">[5]</a> When annexed to Boston in 1870, Dorchester was still a primarily rural town and had a population of 12,000. Construction of railroad and commuter streetcar lines brought rapid growth, increasing the population to 150,000 by 1920. In the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010 United States Census</a>, the neighborhood's population was 92,115. The Dorchester neighborhood has a very diverse population, which includes a large concentration of <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_Americans" title="European Americans">European Americans</a> (particularly those of <a href="/wiki/Irish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish American">Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_American" class="mw-redirect" title="German American">German</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian American">Italian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Polish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish American">Polish</a> origin, reflecting late 19th and early 20th century immigration). More numerous immigrants and their descendants since the later 20th century have come from the Caribbean <a href="/wiki/West_Indian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="West Indian American">Caribbean</a>, Central and South America, and East and Southeast <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian Americans</a>. Dorchester also has a significant <a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a> population, with active political groups. It has the largest concentration of same-sex couples in Boston after the neighborhoods of South End and Jamaica Plain.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Most of the people over the age of 25 have completed high school or obtained a <a href="/wiki/GED" class="mw-redirect" title="GED">GED</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indigenous_peoples">Indigenous peoples</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Indigenous peoples">edit</a>]</div> Prior to <a href="/wiki/European_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="European colonization of the Americas">European colonization</a>, the region around Dorchester was inhabited by the <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">indigenous</a> <a href="/wiki/Massachusett_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusett people">Massachusett</a>.<a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-8">[8]</a> They lived in settlements established alongside the <a href="/wiki/Neponset_River" title="Neponset River">Neponset River</a> estuary, which was a plentiful source of fish, including trout; they also gathered shellfish from the riverbed, and hunted beaver and deer. They established farms in nearby hills.<a href="#cite_note-Alden_T._Vaughan_1999_pg_209-9">[9]</a> During the initial period of colonization by <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Puritans_in_North_America" title="History of the Puritans in North America">Puritan settlers</a>, the Massachusett suffered a <a href="/wiki/Population_history_of_indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Population history of indigenous peoples of the Americas">rapid decline in population</a> due to the introduction of foreign infectious diseases to which they had no acquired immunity and violence related to <a href="/wiki/Settler_colonialism" title="Settler colonialism">settler colonialism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Alden_T._Vaughan_1999_pg_209-9">[9]</a> The Massachusett <a href="/wiki/Sachem" title="Sachem">sachem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chickatawbut" title="Chickatawbut">Chickatawbut</a>, negotiated land treaties with the Puritan settlers before dying of <a href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">smallpox</a> in 1633. His brother, <a href="/wiki/Cutshamekin" title="Cutshamekin">Cutshamekin</a>, who succeeded him, deeded further land to the settlers.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-morton-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The remaining Massachusett in the region, including Cutshamekin, accepted some Christianity as a form of <a href="/wiki/Survivance" title="Survivance">survivance</a>. They eventually resettled in the <a href="/wiki/Praying_town" title="Praying town">Praying Town</a> of <a href="/wiki/Natick,_Massachusetts" title="Natick, Massachusetts">Natick</a>.<a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_settlement_in_the_17th_century">European settlement in the 17th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: European settlement in the 17th century">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Blake_House,_Dorchester,_MA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Old_Blake_House%2C_Dorchester%2C_MA.jpg/220px-Old_Blake_House%2C_Dorchester%2C_MA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Old_Blake_House%2C_Dorchester%2C_MA.jpg/330px-Old_Blake_House%2C_Dorchester%2C_MA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Old_Blake_House%2C_Dorchester%2C_MA.jpg/440px-Old_Blake_House%2C_Dorchester%2C_MA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="643" data-file-height="368" /></a><figcaption>Old Blake House c. 1905</figcaption></figure> In 1623 a syndicate of <a href="/wiki/Dorsetshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorsetshire">Dorsetshire</a> fishermen organized an <a href="/wiki/Outport" title="Outport">outport</a> of <a href="/wiki/Fishing_stage" title="Fishing stage">fishing stages</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fish_flake" title="Fish flake">flakes</a> at Dorchester.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> In 1626 <a href="/wiki/David_Thompson_(New_Hampshire_settler)" title="David Thompson (New Hampshire settler)">David Thompson</a> settled his family on <a href="/wiki/Thompson_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Thompson Island (Massachusetts)">Thompson Island</a> in what is now Dorchester before Boston's <a href="/wiki/Puritan_migration_to_New_England_(1620%E2%80%9340)" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan migration to New England (1620–40)">Puritan migration wave</a> began in 1630.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> On May 30, 1630, Captain Squib of the ship <a href="/wiki/Mary_and_John_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary and John (ship)">Mary and John</a> entered <a href="/wiki/Boston_Harbor" title="Boston Harbor">Boston Harbor</a>. On June 17, 1630, he landed a boat with eight men on the Dorchester shore, at what was then a narrow <a href="/wiki/Peninsula" title="Peninsula">peninsula</a> known as <a href="/wiki/Mattapan" title="Mattapan">Mattapan</a> or Mattaponnock. Today it is known as <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Point_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Point (Boston)">Columbia Point</a> (more popularly since 1984 as Harbor Point).<a href="#cite_note-Calf_Pasture-16">[16]</a> Those aboard the ship who founded the town included <a href="/wiki/William_Phelps_(colonist)" title="William Phelps (colonist)">William Phelps</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ludlow" title="Roger Ludlow">Roger Ludlowe</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Mason_(c.1600%E2%80%931672)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Mason (c.1600–1672)">John Mason</a>, John Maverick, <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Upsall" title="Nicholas Upsall">Nicholas Upsall</a>, Capt. Roger Fyler, William Gaylord, Henry Wolcott, and other men who would become prominent in the founding of a new nation. The original settlement founded in 1630 was at what is now the intersection of Columbia Road and <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Avenue_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts Avenue (Boston)">Massachusetts Avenue</a>. (Even though Dorchester was annexed more than 100 years ago into the city of Boston, residents still annually celebrate the founding on Dorchester Day. This includes festivities and a parade down <a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Avenue_(Boston)" title="Dorchester Avenue (Boston)">Dorchester Avenue</a>). Most of the early Dorchester settlers came from the English <a href="/wiki/West_Country" title="West Country">West Country</a>, and some from <a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Dorset" title="Dorchester, Dorset">Dorchester, Dorset</a>, where <a href="/wiki/John_White_(colonist_priest)" title="John White (colonist priest)">Rev. John White</a> was chief proponent of a <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritan</a> settlement in the Americas.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> The town developed around the <a href="/wiki/First_Parish_Church_of_Dorchester" title="First Parish Church of Dorchester">First Parish Church of Dorchester</a>. The building is now operated as the <a href="/wiki/Unitarian-Universalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Unitarian-Universalist">Unitarian-Universalist</a> church on <a href="/wiki/Meeting_House_Hill" title="Meeting House Hill">Meeting House Hill</a> and is the oldest religious organization in present-day Boston.<a href="#cite_note-historical-18">[18]</a> On October 8, 1633, the first <a href="/wiki/Town_Meeting" class="mw-redirect" title="Town Meeting">Town Meeting</a> in what would become the United States was held in Dorchester. Today, October 8 is annually celebrated as Town Meeting Day in Massachusetts. Dorchester is the birthplace of the first public <a href="/wiki/Elementary_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementary school">elementary school</a> in America, the <a href="/wiki/The_Mather_School" title="The Mather School">Mather School</a>, established in 1639.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> The school still stands as the oldest elementary school in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> In 1634 <a href="/wiki/Israel_Stoughton" title="Israel Stoughton">Israel Stoughton</a> built one of the earliest grist mills in America on the Neponset River; <a href="/wiki/Richard_Callicott_(New_England_colonist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Callicott (New England colonist)">Richard Callicott</a> founded a trading post nearby. In 1641, <a href="/wiki/Dorcas_ye_blackmore" title="Dorcas ye blackmore">Dorcas ye blackmore</a>, an enslaved servant to <a href="/wiki/Israel_Stoughton" title="Israel Stoughton">Israel Stoughton</a>, was the first recorded <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a> to join a church in New England. She served as an evangelist to Stoughton's Native American servants, and the <a href="/wiki/First_Parish_Church_of_Dorchester" title="First Parish Church of Dorchester">First Parish Church of Dorchester</a> attempted to help Dorcas gain her freedom.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> In 1649, Puritan missionaries, including <a href="/wiki/John_Eliot_(missionary)" title="John Eliot (missionary)">John Eliot</a>, began a campaign to convert the Indigenous people in Dorchester to Christianity with the help of <a href="/wiki/Cockenoe" title="Cockenoe">Cockenoe</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Sassamon" title="John Sassamon">John Sassamon</a>, two Indian servants in the town. Eliot was given land by the town of Dorchester for his mission, where he established a church and school. The <a href="/wiki/James_Blake_House" title="James Blake House">James Blake House</a>, oldest surviving home in the city of Boston, is located at <a href="/wiki/Edward_Everett_Square" title="Edward Everett Square">Edward Everett Square</a>. This is the historic intersection of Columbia Road, Boston Street, and Massachusetts Avenue, a few blocks from the <a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Historical_Society" title="Dorchester Historical Society">Dorchester Historical Society</a>. The Blake House was constructed in 1661, as was confirmed by <a href="/wiki/Dendrochronology" title="Dendrochronology">dendrochronology</a> in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> In 1695, a party was dispatched to found the town of <a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_South_Carolina" title="Dorchester, South Carolina">Dorchester, South Carolina</a>. It lasted a half-century before being abandoned. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_century">18th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 18th century">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1781_Boston_RoadToDorchester_byDesBarres.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/1781_Boston_RoadToDorchester_byDesBarres.png/220px-1781_Boston_RoadToDorchester_byDesBarres.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/1781_Boston_RoadToDorchester_byDesBarres.png/330px-1781_Boston_RoadToDorchester_byDesBarres.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/1781_Boston_RoadToDorchester_byDesBarres.png/440px-1781_Boston_RoadToDorchester_byDesBarres.png 2x" data-file-width="765" data-file-height="537" /></a><figcaption>Dorchester looking north toward Boston, c. 1781</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BakersCocoa.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/BakersCocoa.JPG/220px-BakersCocoa.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/BakersCocoa.JPG/330px-BakersCocoa.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/BakersCocoa.JPG/440px-BakersCocoa.JPG 2x" data-file-width="977" data-file-height="1418" /></a><figcaption>Baker's Cocoa Advertisement in Overland Monthly, January 1919. The manufacture of chocolate had been introduced in the United States in 1765 by John Hannon and Dr. James Baker in Dorchester. <a href="/wiki/Walter_Baker_%26_Company" title="Walter Baker & Company">Walter Baker & Company</a> was located in Dorchester.</figcaption></figure> In 1765, Irish chocolate maker John Hannon (or alternatively spelled "Hannan" in some sources) imported beans from the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">West Indies</a> and refined them in Dorchester. He thus introduced <a href="/wiki/Chocolate" title="Chocolate">chocolate</a> to the North American colonies, and was working with Dr. James Baker, an American physician and investor. They opened America's first chocolate mill and factory in the <a href="/wiki/Dorchester-Milton_Lower_Mills_Industrial_District" title="Dorchester-Milton Lower Mills Industrial District">Lower Mills</a> section of Dorchester on the Neponset River. The Walter Baker Chocolate Factory, part of <a href="/wiki/Walter_Baker_%26_Company" title="Walter Baker & Company">Walter Baker & Company</a>, operated until 1965.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a>: 627 <a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-baker-27">[27]</a> Before the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a>, "The <a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Liberty" title="Sons of Liberty">Sons of Liberty</a> met in August 1769 at the Lemuel Robinson Tavern, which stood on the east side of the upper road (Washington St.) near the present Fuller Street. Lemuel Robinson was a representative of the town during the Revolution and was appointed a colonel in the Revolutionary army."<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Dorchester (in a part of what is now South Boston) was also the site of the <a href="/wiki/Fortification_of_Dorchester_Heights" title="Fortification of Dorchester Heights">Battle of Dorchester Heights</a> in 1776. As a result, the British <a href="/wiki/Evacuation_Day_(Massachusetts)" title="Evacuation Day (Massachusetts)">evacuated Boston</a>, pulling back to a base in New York's Manhattan and Long Island. Originally part of Suffolk County, Massachusetts, the town of Dorchester removed from Suffolk County to <a href="/wiki/Norfolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Norfolk County, Massachusetts">Norfolk County</a> when it was created on March 26, 1793. Portions of Dorchester annexed in the 19th century by <a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Boston" title="Hyde Park, Boston">Hyde Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milton,_Massachusetts" title="Milton, Massachusetts">Milton</a> or <a href="/wiki/Quincy,_Massachusetts" title="Quincy, Massachusetts">Quincy</a> remained within Norfolk County. Portions annexed by <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> (eventually including Hyde Park) became part of Suffolk County again. <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 19th century">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Victorian_era">Victorian era</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Victorian era">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucy_stone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lucy_stone.jpg/220px-Lucy_stone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lucy_stone.jpg/330px-Lucy_stone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lucy_stone.jpg/440px-Lucy_stone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="854" data-file-height="945" /></a><figcaption>One of Dorchester's most influential residents, <a href="/wiki/Lucy_Stone" title="Lucy Stone">Lucy Stone</a> was an early advocate for women's rights.</figcaption></figure> In <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian</a> times, Dorchester became a popular country retreat for Boston elite. It developed into a bedroom community, easily accessible to the city by <a href="/wiki/Streetcar_suburb" title="Streetcar suburb">streetcar</a> for commuters. The mother and grandparents of <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> lived in the Ashmont Hill neighborhood during the period that his grandfather <a href="/wiki/John_F._Fitzgerald" title="John F. Fitzgerald">John F. "Honey Fitz" Fitzgerald</a> was mayor of Boston. American poet <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Sr." title="Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.">Oliver Wendell Holmes</a>, wrote a poem called "The Dorchester Giant" in 1830. He referred to the special kind of stone, <a href="/wiki/Roxbury_Conglomerate" title="Roxbury Conglomerate">"Roxbury puddingstone"</a>, quarried in Dorchester, which was used to build churches in the Boston area. Most notable of these is the Central Congregational Church (later called the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Covenant_(Boston)" title="Church of the Covenant (Boston)">Church of the Covenant</a>) in Boston's <a href="/wiki/Back_Bay,_Boston" title="Back Bay, Boston">Back Bay</a> neighborhood.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a>: 116  In 1845, the <a href="/wiki/Old_Colony_Railroad" title="Old Colony Railroad">Old Colony Railroad</a> ran through the area and connected Boston and <a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Massachusetts" title="Plymouth, Massachusetts">Plymouth, Massachusetts</a>. The station was originally called Crescent Avenue or Crescent Avenue Depot<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> as an Old Colony Railroad station. The name was changed to Columbia, which lasted until December 1, 1982. It was then changed again, to <a href="/wiki/JFK/UMass_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="JFK/UMass (MBTA station)">JFK/UMASS</a>. It is a <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Transportation_Authority" title="Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority">Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority</a> rail line station for both the <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(MBTA)" title="Red Line (MBTA)">Red Line subway</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Old_Colony_Lines_(MBTA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Colony Lines (MBTA)">Plymouth/Kingston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Colony_Lines_(MBTA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Colony Lines (MBTA)">Middleborough/Lakeville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greenbush_Line_(MBTA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenbush Line (MBTA)">Greenbush</a> commuter rail lines. In the 1840s and 1850s, a new wave of development took place on a strip of waterfront overlooking Dorchester Bay (Park and Mill streets at the <a href="/wiki/Harrison_Square_Historic_District" title="Harrison Square Historic District">Harrison Square Historic District</a>, later known as Clam Point.) Renowned architects who contributed to one of the most significant and intact collections of Clam Point's Italianate mansards include Luther Briggs, John A. Fox, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_E._Noyes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary E. Noyes (page does not exist)">Mary E. Noyes</a>. By the 1890s, Clam Point gained prominence as a summer resort: the Russell House hotel was its centerpiece and the Dorchester Yacht Club was established on Freeport Street. In the 1880s, the calf pasture on <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Point_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Point (Boston)">Columbia Point</a> was developed for a Boston sewer line and pumping station. This large pumping station still stands. In its time it was a model for treating sewage and helping to promote cleaner and healthier urban living conditions. It pumped waste to a remote treatment facility on <a href="/wiki/Moon_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Moon Island (Massachusetts)">Moon Island</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boston_Harbor" title="Boston Harbor">Boston Harbor</a>, and served as a model for other systems worldwide. This system was operated as the Boston Sewer system's headworks, handling all of the city's sewage, until 1968. At that time a new treatment facility was built on <a href="/wiki/Deer_Island_(Massachusetts)" title="Deer Island (Massachusetts)">Deer Island</a>. The pumping station is architecturally significant as a <a href="/wiki/Richardsonian_Romanesque" title="Richardsonian Romanesque">Richardsonian Romanesque</a> designed by Boston City architect, <a href="/wiki/George_Clough" class="mw-redirect" title="George Clough">George Clough</a>.The only remaining 19th-century building on Columbia Point, the headworks is listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Calf_Pasture-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Annexation_to_Boston">Annexation to Boston</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Annexation to Boston">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1906_FranklinPark_Boston_LOC040079v.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/1906_FranklinPark_Boston_LOC040079v.jpg/220px-1906_FranklinPark_Boston_LOC040079v.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/1906_FranklinPark_Boston_LOC040079v.jpg/330px-1906_FranklinPark_Boston_LOC040079v.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/1906_FranklinPark_Boston_LOC040079v.jpg/440px-1906_FranklinPark_Boston_LOC040079v.jpg 2x" data-file-width="986" data-file-height="675" /></a><figcaption>Two people play tennis in Franklin Park, 1906.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dorchester_1858.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Dorchester_1858.jpg/220px-Dorchester_1858.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Dorchester_1858.jpg/330px-Dorchester_1858.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Dorchester_1858.jpg/440px-Dorchester_1858.jpg 2x" data-file-width="682" data-file-height="642" /></a><figcaption>Map of Dorchester, Massachusetts, and surrounding area from the H. F. Walling Map of the County of Norfolk, Massachusetts, 1858</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boston_ground_1880.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Boston_ground_1880.jpg/220px-Boston_ground_1880.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Boston_ground_1880.jpg/330px-Boston_ground_1880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Boston_ground_1880.jpg/440px-Boston_ground_1880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1559" data-file-height="1557" /></a><figcaption>Map showing all ground in Boston occupied by buildings in 1880, soon after Dorchester was annexed to Boston in 1870. Dorchester is in the lower left quadrant. From <a href="/wiki/U.S._Census_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a>.</figcaption></figure> Dorchester was annexed by Boston in pieces beginning on March 6, 1804, and ending with complete annexation to the city of <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> after a <a href="/wiki/Plebiscite" class="mw-redirect" title="Plebiscite">plebiscite</a> was held in Boston and Dorchester on June 22, 1869. As a result, Dorchester officially became part of Boston on January 3, 1870.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> This is the historic reason that Dorchester Heights is today considered part of South Boston, not modern-day Dorchester. It was part of the earliest cession of Dorchester to Boston in 1804. Additional parts of Dorchester were ceded to <a href="/wiki/Quincy,_Massachusetts" title="Quincy, Massachusetts">Quincy</a> (in 1792, 1814, 1819, and 1855). Portions of the original town of Dorchester developed as the separate towns of <a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyde Park, Massachusetts">Hyde Park</a> (1868 and later annexed to Boston in 1912), <a href="/wiki/Milton,_Massachusetts" title="Milton, Massachusetts">Milton</a> (1662), and <a href="/wiki/Stoughton,_Massachusetts" title="Stoughton, Massachusetts">Stoughton</a> (1726, itself later subdivided). In 1895, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Law_Olmsted" title="Frederick Law Olmsted">Frederick Law Olmsted</a>, architect of the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Garden" title="Boston Public Garden">Boston Public Garden</a>/<a href="/wiki/Emerald_Necklace" title="Emerald Necklace">Emerald Necklace</a> in Boston and <a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a> in New York City, was commissioned to create <a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Park" title="Dorchester Park">Dorchester Park</a>. It was intended as an urban forest for the residents of a growing Dorchester.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> In 1904, the Dorchester Historical Society incorporated "Dorchester Day", which commemorated the settlement of Dorchester in 1630. Celebrated annually, Dorchester Day is a tableau of community events, highlighted by such activities as the Landing Day Observance, the Dorchester Day Parade along Dorchester Avenue the first Sunday in June, and the Community Banquet.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turn_of_the_20th_century">Turn of the 20th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Turn of the 20th century">edit</a>]</div> During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Dorchester was a site for community activism related to diverse issues. The first racially integrated neighborhood developed on Jones Hill. One of the residents of that neighborhood, <a href="/wiki/William_Monroe_Trotter" title="William Monroe Trotter">William Monroe Trotter</a>, with <a href="/wiki/W.E.B._Du_Bois" class="mw-redirect" title="W.E.B. Du Bois">W.E.B. Du Bois</a>, helped to found the <a href="/wiki/Niagara_Movement" title="Niagara Movement">Niagara Movement</a>, the precursor of the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Colored_People" class="mw-redirect" title="National Association for the Advancement of Colored People">National Association for the Advancement of Colored People</a>.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Many leading <a href="/wiki/Suffragettes" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffragettes">suffragettes</a> also lived in Dorchester, including <a href="/wiki/Lucy_Stone" title="Lucy Stone">Lucy Stone</a>.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> In the early 20th century, Dorchester received numerous Catholic immigrants from a variety of nations, such as Ireland, French Canada, Italy, and Poland. In addition, it was a destination for thousands of mostly Protestant African Americans from the South who were making the <a href="/wiki/Great_Migration_(African_American)" title="Great Migration (African American)">Great Migration</a> to northern industrial cities for work opportunities and to escape <a href="/wiki/Jim_Crow" class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Crow">Jim Crow</a> violence. Numerous <a href="/wiki/Three-decker_(house)" title="Three-decker (house)">three-decker</a> apartment buildings were built in Dorchester to house the many industrial workers. [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950s–present">1950s–present</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1950s–present">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg/220px-JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg/330px-JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg/440px-JFK_library_Stitch_Crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3711" data-file-height="1884" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. Kennedy Library">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Point_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Point (Boston)">Columbia Point</a> peninsula (2007)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BostonMA_UphamsCornerMarket.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/BostonMA_UphamsCornerMarket.jpg/220px-BostonMA_UphamsCornerMarket.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/BostonMA_UphamsCornerMarket.jpg/330px-BostonMA_UphamsCornerMarket.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/BostonMA_UphamsCornerMarket.jpg/440px-BostonMA_UphamsCornerMarket.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="680" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Uphams_Corner" title="Uphams Corner">Uphams Corner</a> section of Dorchester showing the typical urban streetscape found in the neighborhood (2010)</figcaption></figure> In the early 1950s, Dorchester became a center of civil rights activism by African Americans, who were constrained by de facto segregation in Boston. <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a> lived there for much of the time he attended <a href="/wiki/Boston_University" title="Boston University">Boston University</a> for his PhD. <blockquote>"With Boston's Baptist community riveted by his preaching and Coretta [Scott King] at his side, King's circle grew. The Dorchester apartment drew friends and followers like a magnet, according to [friend and roommate John] Bustamante, with 'untold numbers of visitors coming from the other schools.' The roommates housed and fed the visitors, who would join in civil rights discussions."<a href="#cite_note-bu.edu-37">[37]</a></blockquote> During the 1960s–1980s, the ethnic landscape of Dorchester <a href="#Demographics">changed dramatically</a>. The descendants of early 20th-century Jewish, Italian, and Irish immigrants had become more established and generally moved to newer housing in the suburbs. Newer African, Asian, and Caribbean immigrants and their descendants settled here in the older housing in a succession of ethnicities. The first community <a href="/wiki/Health_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Health center">health center</a> in the United States was the Columbia Point Health Center in Dorchester. It was opened in December 1965 and served mostly the massive Columbia Point <a href="/wiki/Public_housing" title="Public housing">public housing</a> complex adjoining it. It was founded by two medical doctors, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Geiger" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Geiger">Jack Geiger</a>, who had been on the faculty of <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> and later at <a href="/wiki/Tufts_University" title="Tufts University">Tufts University</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Count_Gibson" title="Count Gibson">Count Gibson</a> from Tufts University.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Geiger had previously studied the first community health centers and the principles of Community Oriented Primary Care with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sidney_Kark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sidney Kark (page does not exist)">Sidney Kark</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> and colleagues while serving as a medical student in rural <a href="/wiki/KwaZulu-Natal" title="KwaZulu-Natal">Natal</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> The Columbia Point Health Center is still operating and was rededicated in 1990 as the Geiger-Gibson Community Health Center.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> In 1974, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a> moved from Park Square in downtown Boston to Columbia Point in Dorchester. In 1982, Boston State College was incorporated into UMass Boston. Since the 1970s, UMass Boston has expanded substantially, including building a new campus center in 2004 and a new science center in 2015. It has also hosted numerous important social and civic events. In 2000, for example, the university hosted a presidential candidates’ debate between <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> In 1977, after an unsuccessful bid by Cambridge to have the John F. Kennedy Library located there, close to the late president's alma mater <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, a site was chosen at the tip of Columbia Point and ground was broken. Designed by architect <a href="/wiki/I._M._Pei" title="I. M. Pei">I. M. Pei</a>, the <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. Kennedy Library">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a> was dedicated on October 20, 1979. By the 1980s, the Blue Hill Avenue section of Dorchester had become a predominantly Black community. During the 1990s, the city administration increased police presence and invested city money into the area for more street lighting.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] On March 30, 2015, the <a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Institute_for_the_United_States_Senate" title="Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate">Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate</a> was dedicated by <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> The Institute opened to the public on March 31, 2015.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dorchester,_MA_Neighborhoods_June_2020_Update.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Dorchester%2C_MA_Neighborhoods_June_2020_Update.png/220px-Dorchester%2C_MA_Neighborhoods_June_2020_Update.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Dorchester%2C_MA_Neighborhoods_June_2020_Update.png/330px-Dorchester%2C_MA_Neighborhoods_June_2020_Update.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Dorchester%2C_MA_Neighborhoods_June_2020_Update.png 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="660" /></a><figcaption>Map of the neighborhoods of Dorchester, Boston, Massachusetts</figcaption></figure> Dorchester is located south of downtown <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> and is surrounded by the neighborhoods of <a href="/wiki/South_Boston" title="South Boston">South Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roxbury,_Boston" title="Roxbury, Boston">Roxbury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Plain" title="Jamaica Plain">Jamaica Plain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Boston" title="Hyde Park, Boston">Hyde Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_End,_Boston" title="South End, Boston">South End</a>, the city of <a href="/wiki/Quincy,_MA" class="mw-redirect" title="Quincy, MA">Quincy</a> and the town of <a href="/wiki/Milton,_MA" class="mw-redirect" title="Milton, MA">Milton</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Neponset_River" title="Neponset River">Neponset River</a> separates Dorchester from Quincy and Milton. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neighborhood_sections_and_squares">Neighborhood sections and squares</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Neighborhood sections and squares">edit</a>]</div> Dorchester is Boston's largest and most populous neighborhood.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> It comprises many smaller sections and squares. Due to its size of about six square miles (16 km2), it is often divided for statistical purposes into North and South Dorchester. North Dorchester includes the portion north of Quincy, East and Freeport streets. The main <a href="/wiki/Business_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Business district">business district</a> in this part of Dorchester is <a href="/wiki/Uphams_Corner" title="Uphams Corner">Uphams Corner</a>, at the intersection of Dudley Street and Columbia Road. South Dorchester is bordered to the east by Dorchester Bay and to the south by the <a href="/wiki/Neponset_River" title="Neponset River">Neponset River</a>.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> The main <a href="/wiki/Business_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Business district">business districts</a> in this part of Dorchester are <a href="/wiki/Fields_Corner" title="Fields Corner">Fields Corner</a>, at the intersection of <a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Avenue_(Boston)" title="Dorchester Avenue (Boston)">Dorchester Avenue</a> and Adams Street, and <a href="/wiki/Codman_Square_District" title="Codman Square District">Codman Square</a>, at the intersection of Washington Street and Talbot Avenue. Adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Fields_Corner" title="Fields Corner">Fields Corner</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Harrison_Square_Historic_District" title="Harrison Square Historic District">Harrison Square Historic District</a>, also known as Clam Point. It is notable for its collection of substantial Italianate mansard residences. <a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Avenue_(Boston)" title="Dorchester Avenue (Boston)">Dorchester Avenue</a> is the major neighborhood spine, running in a south–north line through all of Dorchester from Lower Mills to downtown Boston.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> The southern part of Dorchester is primarily a residential area, with established neighborhoods still defined by parishes, and occupied by families for generations. The northern part of Dorchester is more urban, with a greater amount of apartment housing and industrial parks. <a href="/wiki/South_Bay,_Dorchester,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="South Bay, Dorchester, Massachusetts">South Bay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Newmarket_station_(MBTA)" title="Newmarket station (MBTA)">Newmarket industrial area</a> are major sources of employment. The Harbor Point area (formerly known as <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Point_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Point (Boston)">Columbia Point</a>) is home of several large employers, including the Boston campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Archives" title="Massachusetts Archives">Massachusetts Archives and Commonwealth Museum</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Institute_for_the_United_States_Senate" title="Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate">Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a>. Distinct commercial districts include Bowdoin/Geneva, Fields Corner, Codman Square, Peabody Square, Adams Village and Lower Mills. Primarily residential areas include <a href="/wiki/Savin_Hill" title="Savin Hill">Savin Hill</a>, Jones Hill, Four Corners, Franklin Field, Franklin Hill, <a href="/wiki/Ashmont,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashmont, Massachusetts">Ashmont</a>, Meeting House Hill, Neponset, Popes Hill and Port Norfolk. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style>Note</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1830_United_States_census" title="1830 United States census">1830</a></th><td>4,074</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_census" title="1840 United States census">1840</a></th><td>4,875</td><td></td><td>19.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1850_United_States_census" title="1850 United States census">1850</a></th><td>7,969</td><td></td><td>63.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th><td>9,769</td><td></td><td>22.6%</td></tr> </tbody></table> Up until the 1960s, the Blue Hill Avenue part of Dorchester from Roxbury to Mattapan was primarily composed of <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Americans">Jewish Americans</a> whose ancestors had immigrated from eastern Europe in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> The Neponset neighborhood was primarily Irish-American, most of whom were Catholic. During the 1920s–1960s, many <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> moved from the South to the North during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Migration_(African_American)" title="Great Migration (African American)">Great Migration</a> and settled on Blue Hill Avenue and nearby sections. While some Jewish-Americans were moving "up and out" to the suburbs, certain Boston banks and real estate companies developed a <a href="/wiki/Blockbusting" title="Blockbusting">blockbusting</a> plan for the area. The Blue Hill Avenue area was "<a href="/wiki/Redlining" title="Redlining">redlined</a>" so that only the newly arriving African Americans would receive mortgages for housing in that section.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> "White flight" was prevalent. After changes to US immigration law in 1965, Dorchester received new waves of migrants from Puerto Rico, and immigrants from the Caribbean and Central America, such as Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago. Immigrants also came from Cape Verde and Vietnam, as well as other Latin American, Asian, and African nations. Dorchester also continued to receive immigrants from Northern European countries such as Ireland, Germany and Poland. Dorchester became more diverse than at any point in its long history, with many nationalities represented here. These immigrants have helped revive the economy of the neighborhood by opening ethnic stores and restaurants.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> The sections of Dorchester have distinct ethnic, racial, and socioeconomic compositions. The eastern areas of Dorchester (especially between Adams Street and Dorchester Bay) are primarily ethnic <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Europe" title="Ethnic groups in Europe">European</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asian_people" title="Asian people">Asian</a>, with a large population of Irish Americans and <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Americans" title="Vietnamese Americans">Vietnamese Americans</a>. Residents of the western, central and parts of the southern sections of the neighborhood are predominantly African American. In Neponset, the southeast corner of the neighborhood, as well as parts of <a href="/wiki/Savin_Hill" title="Savin Hill">Savin Hill</a> in the north and Cedar Grove in the south, Irish Americans maintain the most visible identity.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> In the northern section of Dorchester and southwestern section of South Boston is the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_Triangle_(Boston)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polish Triangle (Boston) (page does not exist)">Polish Triangle</a>, where recent <a href="/wiki/Polish_people" title="Polish people">Polish</a> immigrants are residents. <a href="/wiki/Savin_Hill" title="Savin Hill">Savin Hill</a>, as well as Fields Corner, have large Vietnamese-American populations. Uphams Corner contains a <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verdean</a>-American community, the largest concentration of people of Cape Verdean origin within Boston city limits. Western, central and parts of southern Dorchester have a large Caribbean population (especially people from <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a>). They are most strongly represented in the Codman Square, Franklin Field and the Ashmont area, although there are also significant numbers in Four Corners and Fields Corner. Significant numbers of African Americans live in the Harbor Point, Uphams Corner, Fields Corner, Four Corners and Franklin Field areas.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> In recent years Dorchester has also seen an influx of young residents, gay men and women, and working <a href="/wiki/Artist" title="Artist">artists</a> (in areas such as <a href="/wiki/Dorchester-Milton_Lower_Mills_Industrial_District" title="Dorchester-Milton Lower Mills Industrial District">Lower Mills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ashmont,_Boston" title="Ashmont, Boston">Ashmont Hill/Peabody Square</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Savin_Hill" title="Savin Hill">Savin Hill</a>).<a href="#cite_note-BW2007-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-LASTCALLS-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-boston.com-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_Community_Survey_–_Estimates_–_2013">American Community Survey – Estimates – 2013</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: American Community Survey – Estimates – 2013">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">American Community Survey</a> (ACS) for Dorchester, from 2007 to 2011, estimates the total population is 113,975 people. Slightly more than half are female, 52.6% or 59,914<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> and 47.4% or 54,061<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> are male. In Dorchester, 68.4% or 77,980 of the residents are <a href="/wiki/Jus_soli" title="Jus soli">native born</a> and 31.6% or 35,995<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> people are foreign born, of which 50.1% or 18,024<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> are not U.S. citizens. The largest <a href="/wiki/Race_(human_categorization)" title="Race (human categorization)">racial group</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Neighbourhood" title="Neighbourhood">neighborhood</a> is <a href="/wiki/Black_People" class="mw-redirect" title="Black People">Black</a> or <a href="/wiki/African-American" class="mw-redirect" title="African-American">African-American</a> ,with 49,612 people or 43.05%<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> of the population. People who self-identify as white represent 26,102 or 26.99%<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> of the community. <a href="/wiki/Hispanic" title="Hispanic">Hispanic</a>/<a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Latinos</a> account for 19.09% of the population with 19,295<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> resident. The <a href="/wiki/Asian_people" title="Asian people">Asian</a> enclave represents 9.6% of 10,990<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> of the citizenry. The smallest racial group identifies as bi/<a href="/wiki/Multi-racial" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi-racial">multi-racial</a> and they make up 1.9% (2,174<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a>) of the population. According to the <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">ACS</a> survey, Dorchester has a large under 25 population, with 38.1% or 43,472<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> people and 33,162 (29.1% of the total population)<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> of them under the age of 19 years old. Between the ages of 25 and 64 years old, there are 59,788 or 52.6%<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> people, and 10,715 people or 9.3%<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> are more than 65 years old. In Dorchester, approximately 61.9% or 70,503<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> people are over the age of 25, 23.5% or 16,582 people<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> do not have a high school <a href="/wiki/Diploma" title="Diploma">diploma</a> or <a href="/wiki/GED" class="mw-redirect" title="GED">GED</a>, 30.5% or 21,479<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> have a diploma or GED, 18.5% or 13,045 people<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> have completed some college, and 27.5% or 19,397 people<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> have a <a href="/wiki/Academic_degree" title="Academic degree">college degree</a>. The <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">ACS</a> Survey estimates there are 40,443<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/Household" title="Household">households</a> in the neighborhood of Dorchester, the <a href="/wiki/Per_capita_income" title="Per capita income">per capita income</a> of $22,120 and a <a href="/wiki/Median_income" title="Median income">median income</a> of $44,136. A total of 13.1% or 5,286<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> households have reported income of less than $10,000. 27.3% or 11,020<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> households earn less than $19,999. A total of 19.1% or 7,720<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> households earn between $20,000 and 39,999.16.5% or 6,651<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> households in the earn between $40,000 and 59,999. A total of 19.7% or 7,977<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> households earn between $60,000 and 99,999. A total of 15.3% or 6,174<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> of household report annual incomes of $100,000 to 199,999.<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> Only 2.2% or 901<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> households in Dorchester earn $200,000 or more per year. The <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">ACS</a> reports as of 2011, <a href="/wiki/Poverty" title="Poverty">Poverty</a> affects 23.5% or 9,511 households and 24.3% or 9,820 of<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> households are receiving <a href="/wiki/Supplemental_Nutrition_Assistance_Program" title="Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program">SNAP</a> Benefits. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Race">Race</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Race">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"> <caption>Dorchester-Mount Bowdoin (02121) Racial Breakdown of Population (2017)<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-census.gov-63">[63]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race </th> <th>Percentage of 02121 population </th> <th>Percentage of Massachusetts population </th> <th>Percentage of United States population </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-State Difference </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-USA Difference </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</a></td> <td>70.9%</td> <td>8.8%</td> <td>13.4%</td> <td>+62.1%</td> <td>+57.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic</a></td> <td>28.7%</td> <td>11.9%</td> <td>18.1%</td> <td>+16.8%</td> <td>+10.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White</a></td> <td>8.2%</td> <td>81.3%</td> <td>76.6%</td> <td>–73.1%</td> <td>–68.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">White (Non-Hispanic)</a></td> <td>2.6%</td> <td>72.1%</td> <td>60.7%</td> <td>–69.5%</td> <td>–58.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a></td> <td>0.8%</td> <td>6.9%</td> <td>5.8%</td> <td>–6.1%</td> <td>–5.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a>/<a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Hawaiians</a></td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>0.6%</td> <td>1.5%</td> <td>–0.4%</td> <td>–1.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Two or more races</a></td> <td>5.2%</td> <td>2.4%</td> <td>2.7%</td> <td>+2.8%</td> <td>+2.5% </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"> <caption>Dorchester-<a href="/wiki/Fields_Corner" title="Fields Corner">Fields Corner</a> (02122) Racial Breakdown of Population (2017)<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-census.gov-63">[63]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race </th> <th>Percentage of 02122 population </th> <th>Percentage of Massachusetts population </th> <th>Percentage of United States population </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-State Difference </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-USA Difference </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White</a></td> <td>37.7%</td> <td>81.3%</td> <td>76.6%</td> <td>–43.6%</td> <td>–38.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">White (Non-Hispanic)</a></td> <td>34.1%</td> <td>72.1%</td> <td>60.7%</td> <td>–38.0%</td> <td>–26.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</a></td> <td>30.9%</td> <td>8.8%</td> <td>13.4%</td> <td>+22.1%</td> <td>+17.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a></td> <td>18.4%</td> <td>6.9%</td> <td>5.8%</td> <td>+11.5%</td> <td>+12.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic</a></td> <td>11.9%</td> <td>11.9%</td> <td>18.1%</td> <td>+0.0%</td> <td>–6.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a>/<a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Hawaiians</a></td> <td>0.0%</td> <td>0.6%</td> <td>1.5%</td> <td>–0.6%</td> <td>–1.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Two or more races</a></td> <td>3.5%</td> <td>2.4%</td> <td>2.7%</td> <td>+1.1%</td> <td>+0.8% </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"> <caption>Dorchester-<a href="/wiki/Codman_Square_District" title="Codman Square District">Codman Square</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ashmont,_Boston" title="Ashmont, Boston">Ashmont</a> (02124) Racial Breakdown of Population (2017)<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-census.gov-63">[63]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race </th> <th>Percentage of 02124 population </th> <th>Percentage of Massachusetts population </th> <th>Percentage of United States population </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-State Difference </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-USA Difference </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</a></td> <td>64.4%</td> <td>8.8%</td> <td>13.4%</td> <td>+55.6%</td> <td>+61.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White</a></td> <td>22.6%</td> <td>81.3%</td> <td>76.6%</td> <td>–58.7%</td> <td>–54.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">White (Non-Hispanic)</a></td> <td>16.3%</td> <td>72.1%</td> <td>60.7%</td> <td>–55.8%</td> <td>–44.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic</a></td> <td>15.8%</td> <td>11.9%</td> <td>18.1%</td> <td>+3.9%</td> <td>–2.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a></td> <td>6.2%</td> <td>6.9%</td> <td>5.8%</td> <td>–0.7%</td> <td>+0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a>/<a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Hawaiians</a></td> <td>1.1%</td> <td>0.6%</td> <td>1.5%</td> <td>+0.5%</td> <td>–0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Two or more races</a></td> <td>2.9%</td> <td>2.4%</td> <td>2.7%</td> <td>+0.5%</td> <td>+0.2% </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"> <caption>Dorchester-<a href="/wiki/Uphams_Corner" title="Uphams Corner">Uphams Corner</a>-<a href="/wiki/Savin_Hill" title="Savin Hill">Savin Hill</a>-<a href="/wiki/Columbia_Point,_Boston" title="Columbia Point, Boston">Columbia Point</a> (02125) Racial Breakdown of Population (2017)<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-census.gov-63">[63]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race </th> <th>Percentage of 02125 population </th> <th>Percentage of Massachusetts population </th> <th>Percentage of United States population </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-State Difference </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-USA Difference </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White</a></td> <td>34.2%</td> <td>81.3%</td> <td>76.6%</td> <td>–47.1%</td> <td>–42.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">White (Non-Hispanic)</a></td> <td>30.4%</td> <td>72.1%</td> <td>60.7%</td> <td>–41.7%</td> <td>–30.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</a></td> <td>29.7%</td> <td>8.8%</td> <td>13.4%</td> <td>+20.9%</td> <td>+16.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic</a></td> <td>20.3%</td> <td>11.9%</td> <td>18.1%</td> <td>+8.4%</td> <td>+2.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a></td> <td>12.8%</td> <td>6.9%</td> <td>5.8%</td> <td>+5.9%</td> <td>+7.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a>/<a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Hawaiians</a></td> <td>0.5%</td> <td>0.6%</td> <td>1.5%</td> <td>–0.1%</td> <td>+1.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Two or more races</a></td> <td>5.1%</td> <td>2.4%</td> <td>2.7%</td> <td>+2.7%</td> <td>+2.4% </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancestry">Ancestry</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Ancestry">edit</a>]</div> According to the 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, the largest ancestry groups in <a href="/wiki/ZIP_Code" title="ZIP Code">ZIP Codes</a> 02121, 02122, 02124, and 02125 are:<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr valign="bottom"> <th>Ancestry </th> <th>Percentage of 02121 population </th> <th>Percentage of Massachusetts population </th> <th>Percentage of United States population </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-State Difference </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-USA Difference </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Indian_Americans" title="West Indian Americans">West Indian</a> </td> <td>15.53% </td> <td>1.96% </td> <td>0.90% </td> <td>+13.57% </td> <td>+14.62% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Ricans_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Ricans in the United States">Puerto Rican</a> </td> <td>10.76% </td> <td>4.52% </td> <td>1.66% </td> <td>+6.24% </td> <td>+9.10% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="African immigration to the United States">Sub-Saharan African</a> </td> <td>7.82% </td> <td>2.00% </td> <td>1.01% </td> <td>+5.82% </td> <td>+6.81% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Americans" title="Haitian Americans">Haitian</a> </td> <td>7.18% </td> <td>1.15% </td> <td>0.31% </td> <td>+6.02% </td> <td>+6.87% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Americans" title="Jamaican Americans">Jamaican</a> </td> <td>4.22% </td> <td>0.44% </td> <td>0.34% </td> <td>+3.78% </td> <td>+3.88% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdean_Americans" title="Cape Verdean Americans">Cape Verdean</a> </td> <td>3.92% </td> <td>0.97% </td> <td>0.03% </td> <td>+2.95% </td> <td>+3.89% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/American_ancestry" title="American ancestry">American</a> </td> <td>2.84% </td> <td>4.26% </td> <td>6.89% </td> <td>–1.42% </td> <td>–4.05% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Somali_Americans" title="Somali Americans">Somali</a> </td> <td>1.57% </td> <td>0.06% </td> <td>0.04% </td> <td>+1.50% </td> <td>+1.52% </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr valign="bottom"> <th>Ancestry </th> <th>Percentage of 02122 population </th> <th>Percentage of Massachusetts population </th> <th>Percentage of United States population </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-State Difference </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-USA Difference </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish</a> </td> <td>18.94% </td> <td>21.16% </td> <td>10.39% </td> <td>–2.22% </td> <td>+8.55% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Americans" title="Vietnamese Americans">Vietnamese</a> </td> <td>16.67% </td> <td>0.69% </td> <td>0.54% </td> <td>+15.98% </td> <td>+16.13% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="African immigration to the United States">Sub-Saharan African</a> </td> <td>10.85% </td> <td>2.00% </td> <td>1.01% </td> <td>+8.85% </td> <td>+9.84% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdean_Americans" title="Cape Verdean Americans">Cape Verdean</a> </td> <td>8.57% </td> <td>0.97% </td> <td>0.03% </td> <td>+7.60% </td> <td>+8.54% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_Americans" title="Italian Americans">Italian</a> </td> <td>6.43% </td> <td>13.19% </td> <td>5.39% </td> <td>–6.75% </td> <td>+1.04% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Indian_Americans" title="West Indian Americans">West Indian</a> </td> <td>5.61% </td> <td>1.96% </td> <td>0.90% </td> <td>+3.65% </td> <td>+4.70% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Ricans_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Ricans in the United States">Puerto Rican</a> </td> <td>4.67% </td> <td>4.52% </td> <td>1.66% </td> <td>+0.15% </td> <td>+3.01% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/American_ancestry" title="American ancestry">American</a> </td> <td>3.55% </td> <td>4.26% </td> <td>6.89% </td> <td>–0.71% </td> <td>–3.34% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Americans" title="Haitian Americans">Haitian</a> </td> <td>2.36% </td> <td>1.15% </td> <td>0.31% </td> <td>+1.21% </td> <td>+2.05% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Polish_Americans" title="Polish Americans">Polish</a> </td> <td>1.93% </td> <td>4.67% </td> <td>2.93% </td> <td>–2.73% </td> <td>–1.00% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/English_Americans" title="English Americans">English</a> </td> <td>1.66% </td> <td>9.77% </td> <td>7.67% </td> <td>–8.12% </td> <td>–6.01% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Americans" title="Jamaican Americans">Jamaican</a> </td> <td>1.59% </td> <td>0.44% </td> <td>0.34% </td> <td>+1.15% </td> <td>+1.25% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German</a> </td> <td>1.39% </td> <td>6.00% </td> <td>14.40% </td> <td>–4.61% </td> <td>–13.01% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_Americans" title="Indian Americans">Asian Indian</a> </td> <td>1.19% </td> <td>1.39% </td> <td>1.09% </td> <td>–0.20% </td> <td>+0.10% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/French_Americans" title="French Americans">French</a> </td> <td>1.09% </td> <td>6.82% </td> <td>2.56% </td> <td>–5.74% </td> <td>–1.47% </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr valign="bottom"> <th>Ancestry </th> <th>Percentage of 02124 population </th> <th>Percentage of Massachusetts population </th> <th>Percentage of United States population </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-State Difference </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-USA Difference </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Indian_Americans" title="West Indian Americans">West Indian</a> </td> <td>19.04% </td> <td>1.96% </td> <td>0.31% </td> <td>+17.08% </td> <td>+18.14% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Americans" title="Haitian Americans">Haitian</a> </td> <td>8.14% </td> <td>1.15% </td> <td>0.31% </td> <td>+6.99% </td> <td>+7.83% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish</a> </td> <td>7.97% </td> <td>21.16% </td> <td>10.39% </td> <td>–13.18% </td> <td>–2.41% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="African immigration to the United States">Sub-Saharan African</a> </td> <td>7.54% </td> <td>2.00% </td> <td>1.01% </td> <td>+5.54% </td> <td>+6.52% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Ricans_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Ricans in the United States">Puerto Rican</a> </td> <td>7.50% </td> <td>4.52% </td> <td>1.66% </td> <td>+2.98% </td> <td>+5.84% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Americans" title="Jamaican Americans">Jamaican</a> </td> <td>5.39% </td> <td>0.44% </td> <td>0.34% </td> <td>+4.95% </td> <td>+5.04% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Americans" title="Vietnamese Americans">Vietnamese</a> </td> <td>4.83% </td> <td>0.69% </td> <td>0.54% </td> <td>+4.14% </td> <td>+4.29% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdean_Americans" title="Cape Verdean Americans">Cape Verdean</a> </td> <td>3.96% </td> <td>0.97% </td> <td>0.03% </td> <td>+2.99% </td> <td>+3.93% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/American_ancestry" title="American ancestry">American</a> </td> <td>2.74% </td> <td>4.26% </td> <td>6.89% </td> <td>–1.53% </td> <td>–4.16% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Trinidadian_and_Tobagonian_Americans" title="Trinidadian and Tobagonian Americans">Trinidadian/Tobagonian</a> </td> <td>2.62% </td> <td>0.10% </td> <td>0.07% </td> <td>+2.52% </td> <td>+2.55% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/English_Americans" title="English Americans">English</a> </td> <td>2.23% </td> <td>9.77% </td> <td>7.67% </td> <td>–7.54% </td> <td>–5.44% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_Americans" title="Italian Americans">Italian</a> </td> <td>2.16% </td> <td>13.19% </td> <td>5.39% </td> <td>–11.03% </td> <td>–3.23% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German</a> </td> <td>1.29% </td> <td>6.00% </td> <td>14.40% </td> <td>–4.72% </td> <td>–13.12% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Barbadian_Americans" title="Barbadian Americans">Barbadian</a> </td> <td>1.14% </td> <td>0.08% </td> <td>0.02% </td> <td>+1.05% </td> <td>+1.12% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guyanese_Americans" title="Guyanese Americans">Guyanese</a> </td> <td>1.11% </td> <td>0.03% </td> <td>0.07% </td> <td>+1.08% </td> <td>+1.04% </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr valign="bottom"> <th>Ancestry </th> <th>Percentage of 02125 population </th> <th>Percentage of Massachusetts population </th> <th>Percentage of United States population </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-State Difference </th> <th>ZIP Code-to-USA Difference </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="African immigration to the United States">Sub-Saharan African</a> </td> <td>15.27% </td> <td>2.00% </td> <td>1.01% </td> <td>+13.27% </td> <td>+14.26% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdean_Americans" title="Cape Verdean Americans">Cape Verdean</a> </td> <td>13.02% </td> <td>0.97% </td> <td>0.03% </td> <td>+12.05% </td> <td>+12.98% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish</a> </td> <td>9.34% </td> <td>21.16% </td> <td>10.39% </td> <td>–11.82% </td> <td>–1.05% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/American_ancestry" title="American ancestry">American</a> </td> <td>9.07% </td> <td>4.26% </td> <td>6.89% </td> <td>+4.81% </td> <td>+2.18% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Americans" title="Vietnamese Americans">Vietnamese</a> </td> <td>7.33% </td> <td>0.69% </td> <td>0.54% </td> <td>+6.64% </td> <td>+6.79% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Ricans_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Ricans in the United States">Puerto Rican</a> </td> <td>6.90% </td> <td>4.52% </td> <td>1.66% </td> <td>+2.38% </td> <td>+5.24% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Indian_Americans" title="West Indian Americans">West Indian</a> </td> <td>5.26% </td> <td>1.96% </td> <td>0.90% </td> <td>+3.30% </td> <td>+4.36% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_Americans" title="Italian Americans">Italian</a> </td> <td>3.18% </td> <td>13.19% </td> <td>5.39% </td> <td>–10.00% </td> <td>–2.21% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans" title="Chinese Americans">Chinese</a> </td> <td>3.03% </td> <td>2.28% </td> <td>1.24% </td> <td>+0.75% </td> <td>+1.79% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Polish_Americans" title="Polish Americans">Polish</a> </td> <td>2.92% </td> <td>4.67% </td> <td>2.93% </td> <td>–1.75% </td> <td>–0.02% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German</a> </td> <td>2.32% </td> <td>6.00% </td> <td>14.40% </td> <td>–3.69% </td> <td>–12.08% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/English_Americans" title="English Americans">English</a> </td> <td>2.12% </td> <td>9.77% </td> <td>7.67% </td> <td>–7.66% </td> <td>–5.55% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Americans" title="Haitian Americans">Haitian</a> </td> <td>1.94% </td> <td>1.15% </td> <td>0.31% </td> <td>+0.79% </td> <td>+1.64% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Americans" title="Albanian Americans">Albanian</a> </td> <td>1.50% </td> <td>0.28% </td> <td>0.06% </td> <td>+1.22% </td> <td>+1.44% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arab_Americans" title="Arab Americans">Arab</a> </td> <td>1.44% </td> <td>1.10% </td> <td>0.59% </td> <td>+0.35% </td> <td>+0.85% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican</a> </td> <td>1.29% </td> <td>0.67% </td> <td>11.96% </td> <td>+0.62% </td> <td>–10.67% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_Americans" title="Indian Americans">Asian Indian</a> </td> <td>1.20% </td> <td>1.39% </td> <td>1.09% </td> <td>–0.19% </td> <td>+0.11% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/French_Americans" title="French Americans">French</a> </td> <td>1.05% </td> <td>6.82% </td> <td>2.56% </td> <td>–5.77% </td> <td>–1.51% </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Transportation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JFK-UMassMBTAstation.agr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/JFK-UMassMBTAstation.agr.jpg/220px-JFK-UMassMBTAstation.agr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/JFK-UMassMBTAstation.agr.jpg/330px-JFK-UMassMBTAstation.agr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/JFK-UMassMBTAstation.agr.jpg/440px-JFK-UMassMBTAstation.agr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512" /></a><figcaption>The Red Line MBTA platform at the JFK/UMass station with a commuter rail at the station (2007)</figcaption></figure>The neighborhood is served by five stations on the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Transportation_Authority" title="Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority">Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority</a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(MBTA)" title="Red Line (MBTA)">Red Line (MBTA)</a> rapid transit service, five stations on the <a href="/wiki/Ashmont-Mattapan_High_Speed_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashmont-Mattapan High Speed Line">Ashmont-Mattapan High Speed Line</a>, five stations on the <a href="/wiki/Fairmount_Line" title="Fairmount Line">Fairmount Commuter Rail Line</a>, and various bus routes. Over the last decade, the Dorchester branch of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(MBTA)" title="Red Line (MBTA)">Red Line</a> had major renovations, including four <a href="/wiki/Metro_station" title="Metro station">rapid transit stations</a> being rebuilt at Savin Hill, Fields Corner, Shawmut, and Ashmont.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-dotnews.com-70">[70]</a> At Ashmont station, the city of Boston and the state of Massachusetts partnered with private investors to create The Carruth, one of the state's first <a href="/wiki/Transit-oriented_development" title="Transit-oriented development">Transit-oriented developments</a> (TOD).<a href="#cite_note-dotnews.com-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <a href="/wiki/Interstate_93" title="Interstate 93">Interstate 93</a> (concurrent with <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_3" title="Massachusetts Route 3">Route 3</a> and <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_1_in_Massachusetts" title="U.S. Route 1 in Massachusetts">U.S. 1</a>) runs north–south through Dorchester between <a href="/wiki/Quincy,_Massachusetts" title="Quincy, Massachusetts">Quincy, Massachusetts</a>, and downtown Boston, providing access to the eastern edge of Dorchester at Columbia Road, <a href="/wiki/Morrissey_Boulevard" title="Morrissey Boulevard">Morrissey Boulevard</a> (northbound only), Neponset Circle (southbound only), and Granite Avenue (with additional southbound on-ramps at Freeport Street and from Morrissey Blvd at Neponset). Several other state routes traverse the neighborhood, e.g., <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_203" title="Massachusetts Route 203">Route 203</a>, Gallivan Boulevard and Morton Street, and <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_28" title="Massachusetts Route 28">Route 28</a>, Blue Hill Avenue (so named because it leads out of the city to the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Hills_Reservation" title="Blue Hills Reservation">Blue Hills Reservation</a>). The <a href="/wiki/Neponset_River" title="Neponset River">Neponset River</a> separates Dorchester from Quincy and <a href="/wiki/Milton,_Massachusetts" title="Milton, Massachusetts">Milton</a>. The "Dorchester Turnpike" (now "<a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Avenue_(Boston)" title="Dorchester Avenue (Boston)">Dorchester Avenue</a>") stretches from Fort Point Channel (now in <a href="/wiki/South_Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="South Boston, Massachusetts">South Boston</a>) to Lower Mills, and once boasted a <a href="/wiki/Horsecar" title="Horsecar">horse-drawn streetcar</a>. A number of the earliest streets in Dorchester have changed names several times through the centuries, meaning that some names have come and gone. Leavitt Place, for instance, named for one of Dorchester's <a href="/wiki/John_Leavitt" title="John Leavitt">earliest settlers</a>, eventually became Brook Court and then Brook Avenue Place.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Gallivan Boulevard was once Codman Street and Brookvale Street was once Brook Street.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> <a href="/wiki/Morrissey_Boulevard" title="Morrissey Boulevard">Morrissey Boulevard</a> was once Old Colony Parkway. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boston_Globe_building_Sept_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Boston_Globe_building_Sept_2009.jpg/220px-Boston_Globe_building_Sept_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Boston_Globe_building_Sept_2009.jpg/330px-Boston_Globe_building_Sept_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Boston_Globe_building_Sept_2009.jpg/440px-Boston_Globe_building_Sept_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>The headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Globe" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Globe">Boston Globe</a> was located on <a href="/wiki/Morrissey_Boulevard" title="Morrissey Boulevard">Morrissey Boulevard</a> in Dorchester (2009).</figcaption></figure>Throughout its history, Dorchester has had periods of economic revival and recession. In the 1960s and 1970s, Dorchester was particularly hard hit by economic recession, high unemployment, and <a href="/wiki/White_flight" title="White flight">white flight</a>.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> In 1953, <a href="/wiki/Carney_Hospital" title="Carney Hospital">Carney Hospital</a> moved from <a href="/wiki/South_Boston" title="South Boston">South Boston</a> to its current location in Dorchester, serving the local communities of Dorchester, Mattapan, Milton and Quincy. In 1953, a major <a href="/wiki/Public_housing_project" class="mw-redirect" title="Public housing project">public housing project</a> was completed on the <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Point_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Point (Boston)">Columbia Point</a> <a href="/wiki/Peninsula" title="Peninsula">peninsula</a> of Dorchester. There were 1,502 units in the development on 50 acres (200,000 m2) of land. It later became known for high rates of crime and poor living conditions, and it went through particularly bad times in the 1970s and 1980s. By 1988, there were only 350 families living there. In 1984, the City of Boston gave control of it to a private developer, Corcoran-Mullins-Jennison, who redeveloped the property into a residential mixed-income community called Harbor Point Apartments which was opened in 1988 and completed by 1990. It was the first federal housing project to be converted to private, <a href="/wiki/Mixed-income_housing" title="Mixed-income housing">mixed-income housing</a> in the United States. Harbor Point has won much acclaim for this transformation, including awards from the <a href="/wiki/Urban_Land_Institute" title="Urban Land Institute">Urban Land Institute</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=FIABCI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FIABCI (page does not exist)">FIABCI</a> Award for International Excellence, and the <a href="/wiki/Rudy_Bruner_Award_for_Urban_Excellence" title="Rudy Bruner Award for Urban Excellence">Rudy Bruner Award for Urban Excellence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> During the housing crisis of 2008 in the United States, Dorchester's Hendry Street became the epicenter in the media<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> In reaction, the city of Boston negotiated to buy several of the houses for as little as $30,000. It is moving to seize other foreclosed properties on which the owners have not paid taxes. The houses were renovated and added to the inventory of subsidized rental housing.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> In 2008, plans and proposals were unveiled and presented to public community hearings by the Corcoran-Jennison Company to redevelop the 30-acre (120,000 m2) Bayside Exposition Center site on the <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Point_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Point (Boston)">Columbia Point</a> peninsula into a mixed use village of storefronts and residences, called "Bayside on the Point".<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> However, in 2009, the Bayside Expo Center property was lost in a foreclosure on Corcoran-Jennison to a Florida-based real estate firm, LNR/CMAT, who bought it. Soon after, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a> bought the property from them to build future campus facilities.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> The corporate headquarters of <a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a> was also located in Dorchester, having moved there in 1958 from downtown Boston. In 2009, then-owner <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Company" title="The New York Times Company">The New York Times Company</a> put the paper up for bid, leading to concern from local community members, who had seen other major employers close their doors.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> After negotiations with their union and cost reduction measures, the owner's plans to sell the Globe were abandoned in October 2009.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> In 2013, the paper was bought by <a href="/wiki/John_W._Henry" title="John W. Henry">John W. Henry</a>, owner of the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a>, and in 2017 the Globe headquarters returned to downtown Boston.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> In the 20th century, many of the <a href="/wiki/Labor_unions" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor unions">labor unions</a> in Boston relocated their headquarters to Dorchester. This includes the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boston_Teachers_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boston Teachers Union (page does not exist)">Boston Teachers Union</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Brotherhood_of_Electrical_Workers" title="International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers">International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers</a> Local 103, New England Regional Council of Carpenters, <a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Fire_Fighters" title="International Association of Fire Fighters">International Association of Fire Fighters</a> Local 718, among others. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crime">Crime</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Crime">edit</a>]</div> Dorchester, with a population of approximately 130,000, is home to nearly one-fifth of all Boston residents. In the early 1990s, Dorchester, along with Roxbury and Mattapan, had the highest percentage of victims with violence-related injuries. Since the early 2000s, crime rates across Boston have declined. In the first three months of 2013, Boston crime rates reportedly dropped 15% compared to the same time period in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Reporter" title="Dorchester Reporter">Dorchester Reporter</a> crime maps, the more dangerous areas in Dorchester are west of Columbia Road, with criminal activity centered on the Blue Hill Avenue area. Safer parts of the neighborhood include Savin Hill; the historic neighborhood of Clam Point; Columbia Point, which is populated by mostly UMass Boston students; Ashmont Hill; Saint Mark's; Pope's Hill; Cedar Grove; Lower Mills, around the Neponset, Gallivan, and Morrissey Boulevard areas; and the Jones Hill neighborhood (with the third-largest percentage of same-sex households in Boston after the South End and Jamaica Plain).<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Statistics">Statistics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Statistics">edit</a>]</div> According to <a href="/wiki/AreaVibes" title="AreaVibes">AreaVibes</a>,<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Dorchester's overall crime rate is 30% higher than the national average. For every 100,000 people there are 10.55 daily crimes in the neighborhood. Property crime is much more common than violent crime. Out of 100,000 people, 831 are involved in violent crime, and 3,021 out of 100,000 are involved in property crime. The chance of being a victim of: <ul><li>Property crime = 1 in 34</li> <li>Violent crime = 1 in 121</li> <li>Crime = 1 in 26</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UMass_Boston_campus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/UMass_Boston_campus.jpg/220px-UMass_Boston_campus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/UMass_Boston_campus.jpg/330px-UMass_Boston_campus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/UMass_Boston_campus.jpg/440px-UMass_Boston_campus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>The University of Massachusetts Boston is located on Columbia Point in Dorchester (2009).</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_and_secondary_schools">Primary and secondary schools</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Primary and secondary schools">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Public_schools">Public schools</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Public schools">edit</a>]</div> Students in Dorchester are served by <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Schools" title="Boston Public Schools">Boston Public Schools</a> (BPS). BPS assigns students based on preferences of the applicants and priorities of students in various zones.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> Dorchester High School predated the annexation of Dorchester to Boston. At its founding, it was an all-male school, first opened on December 10, 1852. In 1870 Dorchester was annexed to Boston and its schools became managed by the City of Boston. A replacement facility opened in Codman Square on Talbot Avenue 1901. The current Dorchester facility opened in 1925 on Peacevale Road to males, while the Talbot Avenue building was for females. In 1953 Dorchester High School consolidated as a coeducational school.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> BPS schools located in Dorchester<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> include <ul><li>Boston Arts Academy, 9–12</li> <li>Boston Community Leadership Academy/McCormack, 7–9</li> <li>Boston International Newcomers Academy, 9–12</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Latin_Academy" title="Boston Latin Academy">Boston Latin Academy</a>, 7–12</li> <li>Jeremiah E. Burke High School, 9–12</li> <li>Clap Elementary, K1–5</li> <li>Community Academy of Science & Health, 9–12</li> <li>Paul A. Dever Elementary, K1–6</li> <li>Edward Everett Elementary, K1–5</li> <li>Lilla G. Frederick Pilot Middle School, 6–8</li> <li>Sarah Greenwood, K0–8</li> <li>Dr. William W. Henderson Inclusion School (formerly Patrick O'Hearn Elementary School), K0–12</li> <li>Oliver Wendell Holmes Innovation School, K1–5</li> <li>Thomas J. Kenny Elementary, K1–6</li> <li>Martin Luther King Jr., K1–8</li> <li>Lee Academy Pilot School, K0–3</li> <li>Joseph Lee, K1–8</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mather_School" title="The Mather School">Mather Elementary</a>, K1–5</li> <li>Richard J. Murphy, K1–8</li> <li>William E. Russell Elementary, K1–5</li> <li>Pauline A. Shaw Elementary, K0–3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TechBoston_Academy" title="TechBoston Academy">TechBoston Academy</a>, 6–12</li> <li>William Monroe Trotter, K1–8</li> <li>UP Academy Dorchester, K1–8 (in-district charter)</li> <li>UP Academy Holland, K1–5 (in-district charter)</li> <li>John Winthrop Elementary, K1–5</li></ul> Charter schools include <ul><li>Boston Collegiate Charter School, 5–12</li> <li>Brooke High School, 9–12</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codman_Academy_Charter_Public_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Codman Academy Charter Public School (page does not exist)">Codman Academy Charter Public School</a>, K1–12</li> <li>Conservatory Lab Charter School, K1–8</li> <li>Helen Y. Davis Leadership Academy Charter Public School, 6–8</li> <li>Neighborhood House Charter School, K1–12<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a></li> <li>Roxbury Prep Lucy Stone Campus, 5–8</li> <li>Roxbury Prep Dorchester Campus, 5–8</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Catholic_schools">Catholic schools</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Catholic schools">edit</a>]</div> Many Catholic schools closed in the 2000s as the demographics of the area changed.<a href="#cite_note-hard-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> The remaining schools as of summer 2018 are: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_College_High_School" title="Boston College High School">Boston College High School</a>, 7–12</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristo_Rey_Boston_High_School" title="Cristo Rey Boston High School">Cristo Rey Boston High School</a>, 9–12, leasing the old St. William Elementary building</li> <li>St. Brendan School, K-6</li> <li>Three locations of the Pope John Paul II Catholic Academy part of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Boston" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston">Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston</a> remain after the 2008 consolidation of seven parish elementary schools<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> into five locations.<a href="#cite_note-hard-98">[98]</a> <ul><li>Columbia Campus (former St. Margaret's Elementary School building)</li> <li>Lower Mills Campus (former St. Gregory Elementary School building)</li> <li>Neponset Campus (former St. Ann Elementary School building)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colleges_and_universities">Colleges and universities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Colleges and universities">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a> is an accredited urban public research university and the second largest campus in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts" title="University of Massachusetts">University of Massachusetts</a> system. It is located on <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Point_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Point (Boston)">Columbia Point</a> in Dorchester. The school offers associates, bachelors, masters and doctoral degrees. In regards to race and gender, the school has a diverse student population of about 13 thousand students at a time. Excluding financial aid, the average cost of tuition is $12,000 for in-state students, and $28,000 for out-of-state. The university is rated as a good value, with a 15:1 student faculty ratio and a variety of majors to study.<a href="#cite_note-Umass_Boston:_Data-102">[102]</a> The economy of the school has been consistently productive since its establishment. Within the past twenty years, the school campuses have been improving and expanding. Some 95% of the students are in-state and attending classes full-time.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour%C3%A9_College" title="Labouré College">Labouré College</a> is a Roman Catholic co-educational college offering associate degrees in nursing and the health sciences. It is located on the <a href="/wiki/Carney_Hospital" title="Carney Hospital">Carney Hospital</a> campus near the <a href="/wiki/Dorchester-Milton_Lower_Mills_Industrial_District" title="Dorchester-Milton Lower Mills Industrial District">Lower Mills</a> section of Dorchester.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_libraries">Public libraries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Public libraries">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Boston Public Library</a> operates six neighborhood branches in Dorchester.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> <ul><li>Adams Street Branch</li> <li>Codman Square Branch – Originally opened at 6 Norfolk Street in 1905. The branch moved into its current facility, which was designed by Eco-Texture, Inc., in 1978.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a></li> <li>Fields Corner Branch</li> <li>Grove Hall Branch</li> <li>Lower Mills Branch</li> <li>Uphams Corner Branch</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health_care">Health care</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Health care">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Carney_Hospital" title="Carney Hospital">Carney Hospital</a> is located at 2100 Dorchester Avenue. Carney Hospital provides over 500 physicians with primary care and specialist physicians. They provide a range of services such as behavior health, cancer care, cardiac and vascular, gynecology services, neurology, orthopedics, rehabilitation and physical therapy, along with many more. Carney Hospital is promoting health and wellness. Carney Hospital has been serving the community since 1863. It is affiliated with <a href="/wiki/Tufts_University_School_of_Medicine" title="Tufts University School of Medicine">Tufts University School Of Medicine</a>, and is a teaching and training hospital for physicians in both internal medicine and family medicine.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> Codman Square Health Center is a community-based outpatient healthcare located on 637 Washington Street. They have been a functioning clinic since 1979 with the dream "To build the best urban community in America".<a href="#cite_note-Codman_Square_Health_Center-106">[106]</a> They employ about 280 multi-lingual staff members, most of whom reside in the neighborhoods surrounding Codman Square. The Urban Asthma Coalition in Dorchester promotes collaboration among organizations and residents concerned about factors that affect asthma: the environment, quality of health care, access to health care, and education. Residents can join the active committee to promote better health and awareness.<a href="#cite_note-Urban_Asthma_Coalition-107">[107]</a> They want to change policies through administrative advocacy and reduce the rate of asthma, as well as improve care. They have been successful in providing<a href="#cite_note-Asthma_Community_Network-108">[108]</a> 1,000 new healthy and affordable housing units in a year, green and healthy cleaners for the local schools, and a city program that works with health professionals and enforcement officers to further the improvement of housing for children of the area. The Geiger-Gibson Health Center located in the Harbor Point section near UMass Boston is the oldest Community Health Center in the United States. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Housing">Housing</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Housing">edit</a>]</div> Most of Dorchester's population, about 63.3% or 72,239<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> people, lives in rental housing. The gross median monthly rent is $1,450,<a href="#cite_note-:1-109">[109]</a> which totals $17,400 per year and exceeds the income of almost 30% of the population. An estimated 40,180 people (35.3%)<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> live in <a href="/wiki/Owner_occupied" class="mw-redirect" title="Owner occupied">owner-occupied</a> homes and 1.4% or 1556 residents live in <a href="/wiki/Group_home" title="Group home">group homes</a>/shelters.<a href="#cite_note-:0-7">[7]</a> Excluding <a href="/wiki/Government_owned_housing" class="mw-redirect" title="Government owned housing">government-owned</a> housing, Dorchester has 15,918<a href="#cite_note-:2-110">[110]</a> <a href="/wiki/Residential_area" title="Residential area">residential buildings</a> including 4,344 or 27.3% <a href="/wiki/Single-family_detached_home" title="Single-family detached home">single-family</a> homes, 3,674 or 23.1%<a href="#cite_note-:2-110">[110]</a> <a href="/wiki/Multi-family_residential" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi-family residential">two-family</a> homes, 3,919 or 24.6%<a href="#cite_note-:2-110">[110]</a> three-family homes, and 3,981 or 25.0% <a href="/wiki/Condominium_(living_space)" class="mw-redirect" title="Condominium (living space)">condo</a> units.<a href="#cite_note-:2-110">[110]</a> The median sales price for all residential property types is 244,450.<a href="#cite_note-:1-109">[109]</a> In 2013, there were 52 <a href="/wiki/Foreclosure" title="Foreclosure">foreclosures</a> petitions reported in Dorchester, representing 22.41% of the 232 foreclosures reported for the entire City <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:3-111">[111]</a> Subsequently, 37 out 147<a href="#cite_note-:3-111">[111]</a> distressed buildings documented in Boston are located in Dorchester. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Safety">Safety</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Safety">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Boston_Police_Department" title="Boston Police Department">Boston Police District C-11</a> Dorchester, located 40 Gibson St, Dorchester, MA 02122. To create an environment of trust, and empower the neighborhood is the goal. There are over 50 community meetings held monthly that allow the police department to partner with the seniors, community residents, business as well as the faith-based leaders of Dorchester. The police department also works closely to provide the community with crime prevention and safety tips. "Communication is the life-blood of our neighborhood"<a href="#cite_note-District_C-11_Dorchester-112">[112]</a> Dorchester has available shelters for those in need, a homeless shelter by the name of Pilgrim church (children's services of Roxbury) that is an adult shelter open to men only. This shelter is located on 540 Columbia Road Dorchester MA<a href="#cite_note-Blog_Posts-113">[113]</a> The shelter is run by the Pilgrim church and it offers over night shelter, food, clothing, showers, first aid, and other supportive services. The shelter also provides evening transportation from Boston to the shelter. The shelter was originally established in 1990 by positive lifestyles and now is currently under the direction of United Homes Adult services.<a href="#cite_note-My_Dorchester-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Urban_policies">Urban policies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Urban policies">edit</a>]</div> Income – Massachusetts sales tax rate is 6.25%, income tax is 5.20%. Income per capita is $18,226 which includes adults and children. Median household income $30,419.<a href="#cite_note-Dorchester_Massachusetts-115">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_policy_issues">Public policy issues</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Public policy issues">edit</a>]</div> Residents and activists have worked on issues of public safety, high crime rate, poor educational resources, and lack of housing for low-income families. Several organizations are working to provide the neighborhood with[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <ul><li>Good Jobs/living wage</li> <li>Education for the children</li> <li>Housing</li> <li>Healthcare resources & Access</li> <li>Public Safety & Policy Relations</li></ul> Among such organizations are First Parish Dorchester and The Bowdoin Geneva Resident Association.<a href="#cite_note-Dorchester_Reporter-116">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="City_budget_plans">City budget plans</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: City budget plans">edit</a>]</div> Mayor <a href="/wiki/Marty_Walsh" title="Marty Walsh">Marty Walsh</a> proposed a budget for 2017 which included a five-year capital plan intended to make improvements to the infrastructure of Dorchester. The new projects involve building new libraries and also modernizing the Boston Public Libraries branches in Dorchester. Improvement of City parks is also included. The plans are to add more lights to Doherty-Gibson park in Fields Corner and another $3.7 million to make improvements in <a href="/wiki/Harambee_Park" title="Harambee Park">Harambee park</a> next to the Franklin Field. The rest of the budget is intended to be used to complete already started projects in Savin Hill, King Street, Hemenway, Dower Avenue, and Ronan Park.<a href="#cite_note-Forry-117">[117]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Community">Community</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Community">edit</a>]</div> Based on the 2010 Census<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> Dorchester has 114,235 for a total population. Just about 15,530 are under the age of eighteen.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> The former president of <a href="/wiki/Trader_Joe%27s" title="Trader Joe's">Trader Joe's</a> opened a non-profit retail food shop called the Daily Table.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ella_J._Baker_House">Ella J. Baker House</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Ella J. Baker House">edit</a>]</div> Ella J. Baker House is a community youth center in the Four Corners section of Dorchester.<a href="#cite_note-TBF-121">[121]</a> The W. E. B. Du Bois Society, an academic and cultural enrichment program for African American <a href="/wiki/Secondary_school" title="Secondary school">secondary school</a> students, is co-hosted by the <a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois_Research_Institute" title="W. E. B. Du Bois Research Institute">W. E. B. Du Bois Research Institute</a> along with Ella J. Baker House.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Entertainment">Entertainment</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Entertainment">edit</a>]</div> Dorchester has various attractions, including the <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a>,<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> <a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Institute_for_the_United_States_Senate" title="Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate">Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate</a>, Boston Winery, Boston Harbor Distillery, <a href="/wiki/Strand_Theatre_(Dorchester,_Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Strand Theatre (Dorchester, Massachusetts)">Strand Theatre</a>, Commonwealth Museum, Greater Boston House Concert, <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Park_Zoo" title="Franklin Park Zoo">Franklin Park Zoo</a>, the Neponset Rivery Greenway and <a href="/wiki/Lower_Neponset_River_Trail" title="Lower Neponset River Trail">Lower Neponset River Trail</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fields_Corner" title="Fields Corner">Fields Corner</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> is a commercial center that is one of Dorchester's largest business districts. It has numerous restaurants and pubs, and independent clothing stores. Fields Corner is known both for its ethnic Irish residents, who support a variety of Irish pubs, and for Vietnamese restaurants operated by more recent immigrants. Adjacent to Fields Corner is an 11-acre park known as Hilltop Park, which offers a view of Dorchester Bay and plenty of green space. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leisure_activities_and_areas">Leisure activities and areas</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Leisure activities and areas">edit</a>]</div> Parks <ul><li>Pope John Paul II Park Reservation: The Pope John Park Reservation is approximately 66 acres in size, and is open year-round for the residents of Dorchester. In its earlier times it was used as a landfill and also a drive-in theatre. It also serves as a buffer between the Town of Dorchester, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neponset_River" title="Neponset River">Neponset River</a> waterfront. This park now offers picnic facilities, soccer fields, play areas, paths for walking, and also spacious land to plant trees and shrubs.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li>Dorchester Park: Dorchester park was established in 1861 and is located in the southern part of Dorchester, specifically in the Cedar Grove and Lower Mills. It is across from the Neponset River. Dorchester Park is 30 acres. Events held at the park include the Annual Classic Car Show and Family Fun Day.<a href="#cite_note-Forry-117">[117]</a> Dorchester Park is listed in the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li>Franklin Park: Established in 1885, this park has 485 acres. It includes walking and running paths, tennis courts, baseball fields, golf courses, and basketball courts. New England's Franklin Park Zoo has nine main exhibits that contain more than 220 species of animals. The Kite and Bike festival traditionally takes place in Franklin park. This event, hosted since 2010 by the Franklin Park Coalition, is usually held the Saturday after Mother's Day. It includes bike riding and kite flying.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li></ul> Bike trails <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Neponset_River_Trail" title="Lower Neponset River Trail">Lower Neponset River Trail</a>: This 2.4-mile path stretches from the historic Port Norfolk neighborhood in Dorchester, through Pope John Paul II Park, across Granite Avenue through Neponset Marshes, and through the Lower Mills area to Central Avenue in Milton. This trail is used for running, biking, and walking. The Neponset River Trail can be reached from the Butler, Milton Village, and Central Avenue Red Line (Mattapan trolley) stations.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a></li> <li>Neponset River Green way: The Neponset River Green way totals 5 miles in length. Scenery includes a salt marsh in Pope John Paul Park II and Tenan Beach at the mouth of Neponset River. Conveniently the trail is also adjacent to MBTA Red Line stations: Butler, Milton, and Central Avenue.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li>DotGreenway: a greenway for pedestrians and cyclists has been proposed to connect Talbot Avenue and Park Street along the <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(MBTA)" title="Red Line (MBTA)">MBTA Red Line</a> tunnel cap (between <a href="/wiki/Ashmont_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashmont (MBTA station)">Ashmont</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fields_Corner_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fields Corner (MBTA station)">Fields Corner</a> stations).<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sites_of_interest">Sites of interest</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Sites of interest">edit</a>]</div> Dorchester is home to many listings on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>. <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Name on the Register<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-129">[129]</a> </td> <td>Date listed<a href="#cite_note-:4-129">[129]</a> </td> <td>Location </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/All_Saints%27_Church_%E2%80%94_Ashmont_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="All Saints' Church — Ashmont (Boston)">All Saints' Church</a> </td> <td>June 16, 1980 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/80000678">#80000678</a>) </td> <td>211 Ashmont St. 42°17′09″N 71°03′48″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Benedict_Fenwick_School" title="Benedict Fenwick School">Benedict Fenwick School</a> </td> <td>February 11, 2004 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/04000023">#04000023</a>) </td> <td>150 Magnolia St. 42°18′49″N 71°04′21″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Blake_House" title="James Blake House">James Blake House</a> </td> <td>May 1, 1974 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/74002350">#74002350</a>) </td> <td>735 Columbia Rd. 42°19′11″N 71°03′37″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boston_Consumptives_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Consumptives Hospital">Boston Consumptives Hospital</a> </td> <td>February 7, 2002 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/01001557">#01001557</a>) </td> <td>249 River St. 42°16′34″N 71°05′01″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Buildings_at_825%E2%80%93829_Blue_Hill_Avenue" title="Buildings at 825–829 Blue Hill Avenue">Buildings at 825–829 Blue Hill Avenue</a> </td> <td>September 10, 2014 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/14000561">#14000561</a>) </td> <td>825–829 Blue Hill Ave. 42°17′49″N 71°05′16″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Calf_Pasture_Pumping_Station_Complex" title="Calf Pasture Pumping Station Complex">Calf Pasture Pumping Station Complex</a> </td> <td>August 2, 1990 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/90001095">#90001095</a>) </td> <td>435 Mount Vernon St. 42°18′48″N 71°02′01″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Clapp_Houses" title="Clapp Houses">Clapp Houses</a> </td> <td>May 2, 1974 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/74000911">#74000911</a>) </td> <td>199 and 195 Boston St. 42°19′12″N 71°03′25″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Codman_Square_District" title="Codman Square District">Codman Square District</a> </td> <td>June 23, 1983 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83000602">#83000602</a>) </td> <td>Norfolk, Talbot, Epping, Lithgow, Centre, and Moultrie Sts. 42°17′25″N 71°04′16″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Collins_Building_(Boston,_Massachusetts)" title="Collins Building (Boston, Massachusetts)">Collins Building</a> </td> <td>June 8, 2005 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/05000559">#05000559</a>) </td> <td>213–217 Washington St. 42°18′02″N 71°04′37″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Road%E2%80%93Bellevue_Street_Historic_District" title="Columbia Road–Bellevue Street Historic District">Columbia Road–Bellevue Street Historic District</a> </td> <td>September 8, 2017 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/100001582">#100001582</a>) </td> <td>400-500 Block of Columbia Rd., and parts of Bellevue St. 42°18′46″N 71°04′06″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Adath_Jeshurun" title="Congregation Adath Jeshurun">Congregation Adath Jeshurun</a> </td> <td>November 12, 1999 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/99001304">#99001304</a>) </td> <td>397 Blue Hill Ave. 42°18′43″N 71°04′53″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Davidson_Apartment_Block" title="Sarah Davidson Apartment Block">Sarah Davidson Apartment Block</a> </td> <td>December 18, 2013 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/13000928">#13000928</a>) </td> <td>3 Gaylord St. 42°17′56″N 71°04′23″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_North_Burying_Ground" title="Dorchester North Burying Ground">Dorchester North Burying Ground</a> </td> <td>April 18, 1974 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/74000915">#74000915</a>) </td> <td>Stoughton St. and Columbia Rd. 42°19′00″N 71°03′52″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Park" title="Dorchester Park">Dorchester Park</a> </td> <td>February 20, 2008 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/08000089">#08000089</a>) </td> <td>Bounded by Dorchester Ave., Richmond, Adams, and Richview Sts. 42°16′34″N 71°04′01″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Pottery_Works" title="Dorchester Pottery Works">Dorchester Pottery Works</a> </td> <td>February 21, 1985 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/85000318">#85000318</a>) </td> <td>101–105 Victory Rd. 42°17′49″N 71°03′05″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_South_Burying_Ground" title="Dorchester South Burying Ground">Dorchester South Burying Ground</a> </td> <td>June 27, 2014 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/14000365">#14000365</a>) </td> <td>2095 Dorchester Ave. 42°16′43″N 71°04′01″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Temple_Baptist_Church" title="Dorchester Temple Baptist Church">Dorchester Temple Baptist Church</a> </td> <td>January 16, 1998 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/97001239">#97001239</a>) </td> <td>670 Washington St. 42°17′17″N 71°04′17″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dorchester-Milton_Lower_Mills_Industrial_District" title="Dorchester-Milton Lower Mills Industrial District">Dorchester-Milton Lower Mills Industrial District</a> </td> <td>April 2, 1980 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/80000675">#80000675</a>) </td> <td>Both sides of the <a href="/wiki/Neponset_River" title="Neponset River">Neponset River</a>; also Adams, River, and Medway Sts., Millers Lane, and Eliot and Adams Sts. 42°16′16″N 71°04′08″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fields_Corner_Municipal_Building" title="Fields Corner Municipal Building">Fields Corner Municipal Building</a> </td> <td>November 12, 1981 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/81000620">#81000620</a>) </td> <td>1 Arcadia St., 195 Adams St. 42°18′07″N 71°03′38″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greenwood_Memorial_United_Methodist_Church" title="Greenwood Memorial United Methodist Church">Greenwood Memorial United Methodist Church</a> </td> <td>March 8, 2002 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/02000154">#02000154</a>) </td> <td>378A–380 Washington St. 42°17′49″N 71°04′19″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Square_Historic_District" title="Harrison Square Historic District">Harrison Square Historic District</a> </td> <td>October 22, 2002 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/02001190">#02001190</a>) </td> <td>Bounded by MBTA Braintree line embankment, Park, Everett, Freeport, Mill, Asland, Blanche Sts., Victory Rd. 42°18′07″N 71°03′13″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Home_for_Destitute_Jewish_Children" title="Home for Destitute Jewish Children">Home for Destitute Jewish Children</a> </td> <td>October 8, 2014 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/14000840">#14000840</a>) </td> <td>150–156 American Legion Hwy. 42°17′41″N 71°05′34″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Peabody" title="The Peabody">The Peabody</a> </td> <td>August 8, 2001 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/01000872">#01000872</a>) </td> <td>195–197 Ashmont St. 42°17′07″N 71°03′53″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierce_House_(Dorchester,_Massachusetts)" title="Pierce House (Dorchester, Massachusetts)">Pierce House</a> </td> <td>April 26, 1974 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/74000917">#74000917</a>) </td> <td>24 Oakton Ave. 42°17′13″N 71°03′13″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pilgrim_Congregational_Church_(Boston,_Massachusetts)" title="Pilgrim Congregational Church (Boston, Massachusetts)">Pilgrim Congregational Church</a> </td> <td>December 18, 2013 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/13000929">#13000929</a>) </td> <td>540–544 Columbia Road 42°18′58″N 71°04′01″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/St._Mark%27s_Episcopal_Church_(Boston,_Massachusetts)" title="St. Mark's Episcopal Church (Boston, Massachusetts)">Saint Mark's Episcopal Church</a> </td> <td>July 3, 2014 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/12000783">#12000783</a>) </td> <td>73 Columbia Rd. 42°18′16″N 71°04′56″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Episcopal_Church_(Dorchester,_Massachusetts)" title="St. Mary's Episcopal Church (Dorchester, Massachusetts)">St. Mary's Episcopal Church</a> </td> <td>October 30, 1998 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/98001292">#98001292</a>) </td> <td>14–16 Cushing Ave. 42°18′59″N 71°03′54″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Savin_Hill" title="Savin Hill">Savin Hill Historic District</a> </td> <td>May 9, 2003 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/03000385">#03000385</a>) </td> <td>Roughly bounded by Savin Hill Ave., Morrissey Boulevard, <a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Bay_(Boston_Harbor)" title="Dorchester Bay (Boston Harbor)">Dorchester Bay</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Interstate_93" title="Interstate 93">Interstate 93</a> 42°18′33″N 71°03′01″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Apartments_Historic_District" title="Sherman Apartments Historic District">Sherman Apartments Historic District</a> </td> <td>November 28, 2012 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/12000978">#12000978</a>) </td> <td>544–546 Washington, 4–6, 12–14, 18 Lyndhurst Sts. 42°17′32″N 71°04′17″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Monroe_Trotter_House" title="William Monroe Trotter House">William Monroe Trotter House</a> </td> <td>May 11, 1976 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/76002003">#76002003</a>) </td> <td>97 Sawyer Ave. 42°18′47″N 71°03′46″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Upham%27s_Corner_Market" title="Upham's Corner Market">Upham's Corner Market</a> </td> <td>October 11, 1990 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/90001537">#90001537</a>) </td> <td>600 Columbia Rd. 42°19′02″N 71°03′55″W </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Walton_and_Roslin_Halls" title="Walton and Roslin Halls">Walton and Roslin Halls</a> </td> <td>December 18, 2013 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/13000930">#13000930</a>) </td> <td>702–708 & 710–726 Washington St., 3–5 Walton St. 42°17′13″N 71°04′16″W </td></tr></tbody></table> Additional sites of interest include:<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayside_Expo_Center" title="Bayside Expo Center">Bayside Expo Center</a> (also known as the Bayside Expo and Conference Center), originally opened as a shopping mall in the 1960s and in 2010 sold to <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a> for future redevelopment</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a> building</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Lemuel_Clap_House" title="Captain Lemuel Clap House">Captain Lemuel Clap House</a></li> <li>Commonwealth Museum<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Park" title="Dorchester Park">Dorchester Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Institute_for_the_United_States_Senate" title="Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate">Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Parish_Church_of_Dorchester" title="First Parish Church of Dorchester">First Parish Church of Dorchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Park_Zoo" title="Franklin Park Zoo">Franklin Park Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Blake_House" title="James Blake House">James Blake House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neponset_River" title="Neponset River">Neponset River</a> State Reservation<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a> Harbor Campus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Clapp_House" title="William Clapp House">William Clapp House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Monroe_Trotter_House" title="William Monroe Trotter House">William Monroe Trotter House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eire_Pub" title="Eire Pub">Eire Pub</a>, visited by presidents and prime ministers and political candidates</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Baker_Adams" title="Charles Baker Adams">Charles Baker Adams</a> – born in Dorchester; academic and naturalist<a href="#cite_note-Marquis_1607-1896-132">[132]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Taylor_Adams" title="William Taylor Adams">William Taylor Adams</a> – wrote fiction under pseudonym "Oliver Optic," served on <a href="/wiki/Dorchester_County_Public_Schools" title="Dorchester County Public Schools">Dorchester</a> school board<a href="#cite_note-Marquis_1607-1896-132">[132]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Adelson" title="Sheldon Adelson">Sheldon Adelson</a> – born and raised in Dorchester; chairman and CEO of Las Vegas <a href="/wiki/Sands_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Sands Corporation">Sands Corporation</a> and conservative political financier</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Turell_Armstrong" title="Samuel Turell Armstrong">Samuel Turell Armstrong</a> – born in Dorchester; 6th <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston" title="Mayor of Boston">Mayor of Boston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant Governor">Lieutenant Governor</a> of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a><a href="#cite_note-Marquis_1607-1896-132">[132]</a></li> <li>Major General <a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Atherton" title="Humphrey Atherton">Humphrey Atherton</a> (born c. 1608–1661), an early settler of Dorchester, who held the highest military rank in colonial New England</li> <li>Brigadier General <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Badlam" title="Stephen Badlam">Stephen Badlam</a>, cabinetmaker and artillery officer in the Revolutionary War</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bergenheim" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Bergenheim">Robert Bergenheim</a> – raised in Dorchester; founder of <a href="/wiki/Boston_Business_Journal" title="Boston Business Journal">Boston Business Journal</a><a href="#cite_note-bg-133">[133]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Bolger" title="Ray Bolger">Ray Bolger</a> – vaudevillian and film actor, best known as <a href="/wiki/Scarecrow_(Oz)#The_Wizard_of_Oz" title="Scarecrow (Oz)">Scarecrow</a> in classic movie <a href="/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Buckley" title="Jean Buckley">Jean Buckley</a> – born in Dorchester; <a href="/wiki/All-American_Girls_Professional_Baseball_League" title="All-American Girls Professional Baseball League">All-American Girls Professional Baseball League</a> player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitey_Bulger" title="Whitey Bulger">Whitey Bulger</a> – crime boss, head of <a href="/wiki/Winter_Hill_Gang" title="Winter Hill Gang">Winter Hill Gang</a>, subject of film <a href="/wiki/Black_Mass_(film)" title="Black Mass (film)">Black Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bulger" title="William Bulger">William M. Bulger</a> – politician, former <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Massachusetts_Senate" title="President of the Massachusetts Senate">President of the Massachusetts Senate</a> and president of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts" title="University of Massachusetts">University of Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herb_Chambers" title="Herb Chambers">Herb Chambers</a> – owner and CEO of <a href="/wiki/Herb_Chambers_Companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Herb Chambers Companies">Herb Chambers Companies</a>, car dealerships</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Clark" title="Buddy Clark">Buddy Clark</a> - easy-listening-jazz singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Clarke" title="Terrence Clarke">Terrence Clarke</a> - college basketball player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Colgan" title="Arthur Colgan">Arthur Colgan</a> - Roman Catholic bishop</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Conant" title="James B. Conant">James B. Conant</a> - born in Dorchester; chemist and <a href="/wiki/President_of_Harvard_University" title="President of Harvard University">president of Harvard University</a> (1933-1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Conforte" class="mw-redirect" title="Joe Conforte">Joe Conforte</a> – owner of <a href="/wiki/Mustang_Ranch" title="Mustang Ranch">Mustang Ranch</a> brothel in Nevada</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Cook" title="Clarence Cook">Clarence Cook</a> – born in Dorchester; 19th Century art critic and writer<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_L._Coyne" title="Michael L. Coyne">Michael L. Coyne</a> – trial attorney and professor, co-founder and associate dean of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_School_of_Law" title="Massachusetts School of Law">Massachusetts School of Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norm_Crosby" title="Norm Crosby">Norm Crosby</a> – entertainer<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_J._Donnelly" title="Brian J. Donnelly">Brian J. Donnelly</a> — born and raised in Dorchester, Ambassador to Trinidad and Tobago, Congressman, and Massachusetts State Representative</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Knowlton_Dyer" title="Julia Knowlton Dyer">Julia Knowlton Dyer</a> — philanthropist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayo_Edebiri" title="Ayo Edebiri">Ayo Edebiri</a> - raised in Dorchester, actress and comedian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_M._Finneran" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas M. Finneran">Thomas M. Finneran</a> – former <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Massachusetts_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives">Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives</a>; in 2007, pleaded guilty to felony obstruction of justice</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Fitzgerald_(journalist)" title="Tom Fitzgerald (journalist)">Tom Fitzgerald</a>, ice hockey and golf journalist<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roswell_Gleason" title="Roswell Gleason">Roswell Gleason</a> – 19th century manufacturer of pewter and silver-plate</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Gorman" title="Mike Gorman">Mike Gorman</a> – TV play-by-play announcer for <a href="/wiki/Boston_Celtics" title="Boston Celtics">Boston Celtics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_G._Hamlet" title="Harry G. Hamlet">Harry G. Hamlet</a> – Commandant of U.S. Coast Guard 1932–36, attended high school in Dorchester</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Hanley" title="Kay Hanley">Kay Hanley</a> – alternative rock musician, vocalist for band <a href="/wiki/Letters_to_Cleo" title="Letters to Cleo">Letters to Cleo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Hayes_(ice_hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kevin Hayes (ice hockey)">Kevin Hayes</a> – born in Dorchester, professional ice hockey player for the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Blues" title="St. Louis Blues">St. Louis Blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrystal_Herne" title="Chrystal Herne">Chrystal Herne</a> – Broadway actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Karp" title="Richard M. Karp">Richard M. Karp</a> – raised in Dorchester; <a href="/wiki/Turing_Award" title="Turing Award">Turing Award</a>-laureate computer scientist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph P. Kennedy">Joseph P. Kennedy</a> – businessman, political figure, father of President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Edward M. "Ted" Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Kennedy" title="Rose Kennedy">Rose Kennedy</a> – mother of <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Edward M. "Ted" Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_King_(journalist)" title="John King (journalist)">John King</a> – broadcast journalist, host of <a href="/wiki/Inside_Politics" title="Inside Politics">Inside Politics</a> on <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Knight" title="Jonathan Knight">Jonathan Knight</a> – singer, musical group <a href="/wiki/New_Kids_on_the_Block" title="New Kids on the Block">New Kids on the Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Knight" title="Jordan Knight">Jordan Knight</a> – singer, New Kids on the Block</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calixa_Lavall%C3%A9e" title="Calixa Lavallée">Calixa Lavallée</a> – Canadian national anthem composer, wrote offertorium for dedication of St. Peter's of Dorchester (1883)<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Lehane" title="Dennis Lehane">Dennis Lehane</a> – raised in Dorchester; author of <a href="/wiki/Gone,_Baby,_Gone_(novel)" title="Gone, Baby, Gone (novel)">Gone Baby Gone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mystic_River_(novel)" title="Mystic River (novel)">Mystic River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shutter_Island" title="Shutter Island">Shutter Island</a>; screenwriter, producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa-Jayne_Lewis" title="Lisa-Jayne Lewis">Lisa-Jayne Lewis</a> - lived in Dorchester 2000–2006; British broadcaster and <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest" title="Eurovision Song Contest">Eurovision Song Contest</a> commentator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Lydon" title="Alexandra Lydon">Alexandra Lydon</a> – born in Dorchester; actress and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Marshall_(baseball)" title="Bill Marshall (baseball)">Bill Marshall</a> – professional baseball player of the 1930s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mason_(c._1600%E2%80%931672)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Mason (c. 1600–1672)">John Mason</a> – Colonial military officer, civil engineer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Increase_Mather" title="Increase Mather">Increase Mather</a> – <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritan</a> minister; public figure in early history of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">Massachusetts Bay Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Maund" title="Aaron Maund">Aaron Maund</a> – professional soccer player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_and_David_Maysles" title="Albert and David Maysles">Albert and David Maysles</a> – documentary filmmakers</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_McColgan" title="Bill McColgan">Bill McColgan</a> – sports announcer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Mosby" title="Marilyn Mosby">Marilyn Mosby</a> – raised in Dorchester; former state's attorney of <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lothrop_Motley" title="John Lothrop Motley">John Lothrop Motley</a> – historian and diplomat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Myerson" title="Adam Myerson">Adam Myerson</a> – professional cyclist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Nimoy" title="Leonard Nimoy">Leonard Nimoy</a> – born in Dorchester; actor, director, poet, musician, and photographer; best known as <a href="/wiki/Spock" title="Spock">Spock</a> on <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_O%27Brien_(American_football)" title="Bill O'Brien (American football)">Bill O'Brien</a> – born in Dorchester; head coach of NFL's <a href="/wiki/Houston_Texans" title="Houston Texans">Houston Texans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_O%27Donnell" title="Lawrence O'Donnell">Lawrence O'Donnell</a> – raised in Dorchester; former aide to Senator <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Patrick_Moynihan" title="Daniel Patrick Moynihan">Daniel Patrick Moynihan</a>, producer of <a href="/wiki/The_West_Wing" title="The West Wing">The West Wing</a> and host of <a href="/wiki/MSNBC" title="MSNBC">MSNBC</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Last_Word_with_Lawrence_O%27Donnell" title="The Last Word with Lawrence O'Donnell">The Last Word with Lawrence O'Donnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Pitonof" title="Rose Pitonof">Rose Pitonof</a> (1895–1984) – marathon swimmer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Richard_Foundation" title="Martin Richard Foundation">Martin Richard</a> – raised in Dorchester; one of three people killed in <a href="/wiki/Boston_Marathon_bombing" title="Boston Marathon bombing">Boston Marathon bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Scarry" title="Richard Scarry">Richard Scarry</a> – raised in Dorchester; children's books author and illustrator, known for his "<a href="/wiki/Busytown" title="Busytown">Busytown</a>" universe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliot_Silverstein" title="Elliot Silverstein">Elliot Silverstein</a> – raised in Dorchester; directed <a href="/wiki/Cat_Ballou" title="Cat Ballou">Cat Ballou</a> and four episodes of <a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Zone_(1959_TV_series)" title="The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)">The Twilight Zone</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slaine_(rapper)" title="Slaine (rapper)">Slaine</a> – hip-hop MC, rapper and actor, <a href="/wiki/Gone_Baby_Gone" title="Gone Baby Gone">Gone Baby Gone</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Town_(2010_film)" title="The Town (2010 film)">The Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Stone" title="Lucy Stone">Lucy Stone</a> – <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States" title="Abolitionism in the United States">abolitionist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Suffragist" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffragist">suffragist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Summer" title="Donna Summer">Donna Summer</a> – pop and disco singer, member of <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Rock and Roll Hall of Fame">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Peabody_Tileston" title="Amelia Peabody Tileston">Amelia Peabody Tileston</a> (1872-1920), American Red Cross worker in Serbia during World War I</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donnie_Wahlberg" title="Donnie Wahlberg">Donnie Wahlberg</a> – singer, actor and film producer, member of musical group <a href="/wiki/New_Kids_on_the_Block" title="New Kids on the Block">New Kids on the Block</a>, star of TV series <a href="/wiki/Blue_Bloods_(TV_series)" title="Blue Bloods (TV series)">Blue Bloods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Wahlberg" title="Mark Wahlberg">Mark Wahlberg</a> – <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Award</a>-nominated actor, producer, model and rapper, star of films including <a href="/wiki/Boogie_Nights" title="Boogie Nights">Boogie Nights</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Perfect_Storm_(film)" title="The Perfect Storm (film)">The Perfect Storm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ted_(film)" title="Ted (film)">Ted</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Departed" title="The Departed">The Departed</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Fighter" title="The Fighter">The Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marty_Walsh" title="Marty Walsh">Marty Walsh</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston" title="Mayor of Boston">Mayor of Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Foster_Wesselhoeft" title="Elizabeth Foster Wesselhoeft">Elizabeth Foster Wesselhoeft</a> - born in Dorchester; children's literature writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolina_White" title="Carolina White">Carolina White</a> – born in Dorchester;<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> soprano and actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Willis_(gangster)" title="John Willis (gangster)">John Willis</a> – gangster</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Wood" title="Danny Wood">Danny Wood</a> – singer, musical group <a href="/wiki/New_Kids_on_the_Block" title="New Kids on the Block">New Kids on the Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_(rapper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Free (rapper)">Marie Wright</a> – better known by stage name "Free", media personality</li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neal_McDonough" title="Neal McDonough">Neal McDonough</a> Actor</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Notes and references">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=52">"Dorchester MA, Town History 1630–1870"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131020181539/http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=52">Archived</a> 2013-10-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Dorchester Atheneum </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBill_Forry2011" class="citation web cs1">Bill Forry (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/2011/case-flawed-map-work">"Analysis: City counters bend boundaries, thousands cut out of Dot"</a>. Boston Neighborhood News, Inc. Retrieved April 13, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Analysis%3A+City+counters+bend+boundaries%2C+thousands+cut+out+of+Dot&rft.pub=Boston+Neighborhood+News%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Bill+Forry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2F2011%2Fcase-flawed-map-work&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org/neighborhoods/neighborhoods.asp?action=ViewHood&HoodID=6">"Boston's Neighborhoods: Dorchester"</a>. Boston Redevelopment Authority (BRA). 2010. Retrieved August 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Boston%27s+Neighborhoods%3A+Dorchester&rft.pub=Boston+Redevelopment+Authority+%28BRA%29&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org%2Fneighborhoods%2Fneighborhoods.asp%3Faction%3DViewHood%26HoodID%3D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> Clapp, Ebenezer. History of the Town of Dorchester, Massachusetts, Dorchester, Boston, MA: Dorchester Antiquarian and Historical Society, 1890. </li> <li id="cite_note-dotnews-5"><a href="#cite_ref-dotnews_5-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/history.html">History of Dorchester, Massachusetts</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120204102734/http://www.dotnews.com/history.html">Archived</a> 2012-02-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.boston.com/news/local/articles/2005/10/30/under_a_rainbow_flag_linking_the_dots/">"Under a rainbow flag, linking the Dots – The Boston Globe"</a>. archive.boston.com. Retrieved 2017-08-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.boston.com&rft.atitle=Under+a+rainbow+flag%2C+linking+the+Dots+%E2%80%93+The+Boston+Globe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.boston.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Farticles%2F2005%2F10%2F30%2Funder_a_rainbow_flag_linking_the_dots%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-24">y</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-25">z</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-26">aa</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-27">ab</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-28">ac</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-29">ad</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-30">ae</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-31">af</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelnikGao" class="citation web cs1">Melnik, Mark; Gao, Lingshan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org/getattachment/1dad5a10-3597-4e03-a1b6-64e26cb20e1c">"American Community Survey 2007–2011 Estimate: Dorchester"</a>. Boston Redevelopment Authority. Retrieved 4 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boston+Redevelopment+Authority&rft.atitle=American+Community+Survey+2007%E2%80%932011+Estimate%3A+Dorchester&rft.aulast=Melnik&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.au=Gao%2C+Lingshan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org%2Fgetattachment%2F1dad5a10-3597-4e03-a1b6-64e26cb20e1c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google.com-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_8-1">b</a> Alden T. Vaughan, New England Encounters: Indians and Euroamericans Ca. 1600-1850 (1999), pg 209 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?isbn=155553404X">https://books.google.com/books?isbn=155553404X</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alden_T._Vaughan_1999_pg_209-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Alden_T._Vaughan_1999_pg_209_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alden_T._Vaughan_1999_pg_209_9-1">b</a> Alden T. Vaughan, New England Encounters: Indians and Euroamericans Ca. 1600-1850 (1999), pg 209 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?isbn=155553404X">https://books.google.com/books?isbn=155553404X</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> Susan Wilson, Boston Sites and Insights: An Essential Guide to Historic Landmarks ... p. 324 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0807071358">https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0807071358</a> 2004 </li> <li id="cite_note-morton-11"><a href="#cite_ref-morton_11-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorton1883" class="citation book cs1">Morton, Thomas (1883). <a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Adams_Jr." title="Charles Francis Adams Jr.">Charles Francis Adams Jr.</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newenglishcanaa00adamgoog">The new English Canaan of Thomas Morton</a>. <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>: The Prince Society. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newenglishcanaa00adamgoog/page/n23">11</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/28272732">28272732</a>. Retrieved 2009-10-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+new+English+Canaan+of+Thomas+Morton&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=The+Prince+Society&rft.date=1883&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F28272732&rft.aulast=Morton&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewenglishcanaa00adamgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> Jeremy Dupertuis Bangs, Indian Deeds: Land Transactions in Plymouth Colony. Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 2002, maps </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> Mandell, Daniel R., King Philip's War: Colonial Expansion, Native Resistance, and the End of Indian Sovereignty (2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_aDvP0d19rAC">https://books.google.com/books?id=_aDvP0d19rAC</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowen1938" class="citation book cs1">Bowen, Frank C. (1938). America Sails the Seas. New York: Robert M. McBride & Company. p. 55.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=America+Sails+the+Seas&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Robert+M.+McBride+%26+Company&rft.date=1938&rft.aulast=Bowen&rft.aufirst=Frank+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Ralph E. Thompson, Matthew R. Thompson, First Yankee: David Thomson, 1592-1628--The Story of New Hampshire's First Settler </li> <li id="cite_note-Calf_Pasture-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Calf_Pasture_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calf_Pasture_16-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927181427/http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=584">"Calf Pasture Pumping Station"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=584">the original</a> on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2008-12-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Calf+Pasture+Pumping+Station&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dorchesteratheneum.org%2Fpage.php%3Fid%3D584&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988">, Dorchester Atheneum </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120211170136/http://dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=917">"John White, A Founder of Massachusetts, Rev. Arthur Ackerman"</a>. Dorchester Atheneum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=917">the original</a> on 2012-02-11. Retrieved 2008-04-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+White%2C+A+Founder+of+Massachusetts%2C+Rev.+Arthur+Ackerman&rft.pub=Dorchester+Atheneum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdorchesteratheneum.org%2Fpage.php%3Fid%3D917&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-historical-18"><a href="#cite_ref-historical_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131126215124/http://www.masshist.org/findingaids/doc.cfm?fa=fa0041#bioghist">"First Parish Church in Dorchester Records"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Historical_Society" title="Massachusetts Historical Society">Massachusetts Historical Society</a>. 29 September 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.masshist.org/findingaids/doc.cfm?fa=fa0041#bioghist">the original</a> on 2013-11-26. Retrieved 2013-11-20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=First+Parish+Church+in+Dorchester+Records&rft.pub=Massachusetts+Historical+Society&rft.date=2004-09-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.masshist.org%2Ffindingaids%2Fdoc.cfm%3Ffa%3Dfa0041%23bioghist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.masshome.com/events.html">"Notable Events in Massachusetts"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Notable+Events+in+Massachusetts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.masshome.com%2Fevents.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080527215244/http://www.boston.k12.ma.us/schools/RC348.pdf">"Mather Elementary School"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.k12.ma.us/schools/RC348.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 2008-05-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mather+Elementary+School&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.k12.ma.us%2Fschools%2FRC348.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blackpast.org/aah/dorcas-blackmore-ca-1620">"Dorcas the blackmore (Ca. 1620-?) •"</a>. 10 February 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dorcas+the+blackmore+%28Ca.+1620-%3F%29+%E2%80%A2&rft.date=2011-02-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackpast.org%2Faah%2Fdorcas-blackmore-ca-1620&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> Winthrop's Journal, "History of New England," 1630-1649 </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=1513">Dorchester Atheneum</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927182326/http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=1513">Archived</a> 2011-09-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Dorchester Atheneum. Retrieved on 2017-09-13. </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClapp1859" class="citation book cs1">Clapp, Ebenezer Jr. (1859). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sT0OAAAAIAAJ">History of the Town of Dorchester, Massachusetts</a>. Boston: Committee of the Dorchester Antiquarian and Historical Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Town+of+Dorchester%2C+Massachusetts&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Committee+of+the+Dorchester+Antiquarian+and+Historical+Society&rft.date=1859&rft.aulast=Clapp&rft.aufirst=Ebenezer+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsT0OAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevens" class="citation web cs1">Stevens, Peter F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120406172003/http://www.dotnews.com/bakerchoc.html">"It Happened in Dorchester: Dr. Baker and the Chocolate Factory"</a>. History of Dorchester. Dorchester Reporter. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/bakerchoc.html">the original</a> on 2012-04-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History+of+Dorchester&rft.atitle=It+Happened+in+Dorchester%3A+Dr.+Baker+and+the+Chocolate+Factory&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=Peter+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2Fbakerchoc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081119154934/http://bostonhistory.org/sub/bakerschocolate/bakerwelcome.htm">Sweet History: Dorchester and the Chocolate Factory</a>. Dorchester Historical Society and the Milton Historical Society. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bostonhistory.org/sub/bakerschocolate/bakerwelcome.htm">the original</a> on 2008-11-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sweet+History%3A+Dorchester+and+the+Chocolate+Factory&rft.pub=Dorchester+Historical+Society+and+the+Milton+Historical+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonhistory.org%2Fsub%2Fbakerschocolate%2Fbakerwelcome.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> Bakers Chocolate became a trade name before being taken over by <a href="/wiki/Kraft_Foods" title="Kraft Foods">Kraft Foods</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-baker-27"><a href="#cite_ref-baker_27-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081206113312/http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=553">Walter Baker & Co. General History</a>. Dorchester Atheneum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=553">the original</a> on 2008-12-06. Retrieved 2008-12-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Walter+Baker+%26+Co.+General+History&rft.pub=Dorchester+Atheneum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dorchesteratheneum.org%2Fpage.php%3Fid%3D553&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=87">"Sons of Liberty in Dorchester"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110526173918/http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=87">Archived</a> 2011-05-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Dorchester Athaneum </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> Holmes, Oliver Wendell Sr., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/eldritch/owh/pudding.html">"The Dorchester Giant"</a>, 1830 poem </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> Sammarco, Anthony Mitchell, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bostoncenturyofp00samm">Boston's South End</a>, Arcadia Publishing, 1995 </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhiting" class="citation book cs1">Whiting, E. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081202033533/http://maps.bpl.org/details_11129/?srch_query=Dorchester&srch_fields=all&srch_style=exact&srch_fa=save">Map of Dorchester Massachusetts in 1850</a> (Boston Public Library Map Collection ed.). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.bpl.org/details_11129/?srch_query=dorchester&srch_fields=all&srch_style=exact&srch_fa=save">the original</a> on 2008-12-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Map+of+Dorchester+Massachusetts+in+1850&rft.edition=Boston+Public+Library+Map+Collection&rft.aulast=Whiting&rft.aufirst=E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaps.bpl.org%2Fdetails_11129%2F%3Fsrch_query%3Ddorchester%26srch_fields%3Dall%26srch_style%3Dexact%26srch_fa%3Dsave&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> The maps show the Crescent Avenue Depot of the Old Colony Railroad Line. </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121016083442/http://www.dotnews.com/REP%2049-08.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/REP%2049-08.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 2012-10-16. Retrieved 2014-01-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2FREP%252049-08.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721195404/http://www.dotpark.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47&Itemid=2">"About Dorchester Park"</a>, Dorchester Park Association </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dorchesterhistoricalsociety.org/history/">"The Founding of the Dorchester Historical Society"</a>, Dorchester Historical Society </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> Taylor, Earl, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/settled%20before%20boston.html">"Settled before Boston, Dorchester home of many firsts"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120223134213/http://www.dotnews.com/settled%20before%20boston.html">Archived</a> 2012-02-23 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Dorchester Reporter, May 29, 2008 </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> Stevens, Peter F., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/lucystone.html">"A VOICE FROM ON HIGH: Lucy Stone of Pope's Hill Was a Key Voice in the Early Days of the Women's Movement in America"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120205115017/http://www.dotnews.com/lucystone.html">Archived</a> February 5, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Dorchester Reporter, May 26, 2005 </li> <li id="cite_note-bu.edu-37"><a href="#cite_ref-bu.edu_37-0">^</a> Seligson, Susan, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bu.edu/today/node/10153">"Martin Luther King Jr.'s Roommate Reminisces: John Bustamante recalls Coretta Scott at Myles Standish, and Dorchester digs"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100117142834/http://www.bu.edu/today/node/10153">Archived</a> 2010-01-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, BU Today, January 15, 2010 </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.unc.edu/mss/inv/d/Delta_Health_Center.html">Delta Health Center Records, 1966–1987</a>. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: Southern Historical Collection.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Delta+Health+Center+Records%2C+1966%E2%80%931987&rft.place=University+of+North+Carolina+at+Chapel+Hill&rft.pub=Southern+Historical+Collection&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.unc.edu%2Fmss%2Finv%2Fd%2FDelta_Health_Center.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShriver1967" class="citation book cs1">Shriver, Sargent (June 1, 1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090206221840/http://www.sargentshriver.com/medium_file/file/2047/1967_-_COMPREHENSIVE_HEALTH_SERVICES_PRESS_CONFERENCE.pdf">Remarks of Mr. Shriver at Comprehensive Health Services Press Conference</a> (PDF). p. 5. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sargentshriver.com/medium_file/file/2047/1967_-_COMPREHENSIVE_HEALTH_SERVICES_PRESS_CONFERENCE.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on February 6, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Remarks+of+Mr.+Shriver+at+Comprehensive+Health+Services+Press+Conference&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1967-06-01&rft.aulast=Shriver&rft.aufirst=Sargent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sargentshriver.com%2Fmedium_file%2Ffile%2F2047%2F1967_-_COMPREHENSIVE_HEALTH_SERVICES_PRESS_CONFERENCE.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> "Grantee: Tufts University School Of Medicine, Medford, Massachusetts; Operating Institution: Tufts University School of Medicine-Department of Preventive Medicine; Project Director: Count Gibson, M.D., H. Jack Geiger, M.D., Professors of Preventative Medicine, Tufts University; Location: Columbia Point, Boston, Mass. and Bolivar County, Mississippi; Items of Special Interest: One of the original demonstration programs to contrast a model of a northern urban center with a southern rural one; Amount: $1,168,099, $138,888, $281,685, $3,417,630; Date Approved: 6/24/65, 8/65, 3/30/66, 1/15/67" </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120214195021/http://www.gwumc.edu/sphhs/departments/healthpolicy/ggprogram/gibson.cfm">"Count Gibson"</a>. George Washington University, School of Public Health and Health Services. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gwumc.edu/sphhs/departments/healthpolicy/ggprogram/gibson.cfm">the original</a> on 2012-02-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Count+Gibson&rft.pub=George+Washington+University%2C+School+of+Public+Health+and+Health+Services&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gwumc.edu%2Fsphhs%2Fdepartments%2Fhealthpolicy%2Fggprogram%2Fgibson.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrownFee2002" class="citation journal cs1">Brown, Theodore M.; Fee, Elizabeth (November 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3221478">"VOICES FROM THE PAST: Sidney Kark and John Cassel: Social Medicine Pioneers and South African Emigrés"</a>. American Journal of Public Health. 92 (11): 1744–5. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2105%2FAJPH.92.11.1744">10.2105/AJPH.92.11.1744</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3221478">3221478</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12406799">12406799</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.atitle=VOICES+FROM+THE+PAST%3A+Sidney+Kark+and+John+Cassel%3A+Social+Medicine+Pioneers+and+South+African+Emigr%C3%A9s&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=1744-5&rft.date=2002-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3221478%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12406799&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2105%2FAJPH.92.11.1744&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Theodore+M.&rft.au=Fee%2C+Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3221478&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120517205602/http://www.gwumc.edu/sphhs/departments/healthpolicy/ggprogram/geiger.cfm">"Jack Geiger"</a>. George Washington University, School of Public Health and Health Services. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gwumc.edu/sphhs/departments/healthpolicy/ggprogram/geiger.cfm">the original</a> on 2012-05-17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jack+Geiger&rft.pub=George+Washington+University%2C+School+of+Public+Health+and+Health+Services&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gwumc.edu%2Fsphhs%2Fdepartments%2Fhealthpolicy%2Fggprogram%2Fgeiger.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoessner2000" class="citation book cs1">Roessner, Jane (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/decentplacetoliv01roes">A Decent Place to Live: from Columbia Point to Harbor Point – A Community History</a>. Boston: Northeastern University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/decentplacetoliv01roes/page/80">80</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55553-436-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-55553-436-8"><bdi>1-55553-436-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Decent+Place+to+Live%3A+from+Columbia+Point+to+Harbor+Point+%E2%80%93+A+Community+History&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=Northeastern+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-55553-436-8&rft.aulast=Roessner&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdecentplacetoliv01roes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> The Columbia Point Health Center: The First Community Health Center in the Country. </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160112225907/http://www.bostoninnovation.org/pdf/1965_Columbia_PHC_mini_case_10.12.05.pdf">"1965 Columbia Point Health Center"</a> (PDF). Boston History and Innovation Collaborative. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bostoninnovation.org/pdf/1965_Columbia_PHC_mini_case_10.12.05.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 2016-01-12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1965+Columbia+Point+Health+Center&rft.pub=Boston+History+and+Innovation+Collaborative&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostoninnovation.org%2Fpdf%2F1965_Columbia_PHC_mini_case_10.12.05.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKong1990" class="citation book cs1">Kong, Dolores (October 28, 1990). 25 Years of Intensive Caring. The Boston Globe. p. 29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=25+Years+of+Intensive+Caring&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=The+Boston+Globe&rft.date=1990-10-28&rft.aulast=Kong&rft.aufirst=Dolores&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.umb.edu/the_university/history">"History of UMass Boston"</a>. Retrieved 2019-02-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+UMass+Boston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.umb.edu%2Fthe_university%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2015" class="citation web cs1">Evans, Chris (2015-03-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2015/03/30/president-obama-helps-dedicate-new-edward-m-kennedy-institute">"President Obama Helps Dedicate the New Edward M. Kennedy Institute"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Whitehouse.gov" title="Whitehouse.gov">whitehouse.gov</a>. Retrieved 2016-07-01 – via <a href="/wiki/NARA" class="mw-redirect" title="NARA">National Archives</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=whitehouse.gov&rft.atitle=President+Obama+Helps+Dedicate+the+New+Edward+M.+Kennedy+Institute&rft.date=2015-03-30&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fobamawhitehouse.archives.gov%2Fblog%2F2015%2F03%2F30%2Fpresident-obama-helps-dedicate-new-edward-m-kennedy-institute&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhalid2015" class="citation news cs1">Khalid, Asma (2015-03-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wbur.org/news/2015/03/30/kennedy-institute-senate-opens">"Edward M. Kennedy Institute Opens With A Lofty Goal: Restoring Respect For Congress"</a>. Boston. Retrieved 2016-07-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Edward+M.+Kennedy+Institute+Opens+With+A+Lofty+Goal%3A+Restoring+Respect+For+Congress&rft.date=2015-03-30&rft.aulast=Khalid&rft.aufirst=Asma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wbur.org%2Fnews%2F2015%2F03%2F30%2Fkennedy-institute-senate-opens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> Mleczko, Monica, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/comment.6.15.06.html">"An Unrecognized Gem"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120223134232/http://www.dotnews.com/comment.6.15.06.html">Archived</a> February 23, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Dorchester Reporter, June 15, 2006 </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofboston.gov/neighborhoods/neighborhoods.asp?ID=8">Neighborhoods | City of Boston</a>. Cityofboston.gov. Retrieved on 2017-09-13. </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090414044950/http://bostonredevelopmentauthority.org/dotav/dotavhome.asp">"Boston Redevelopment Authority"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org/dotav/DotAvHome.asp">the original</a> on 2009-04-14. Retrieved 2010-01-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Boston+Redevelopment+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org%2Fdotav%2FDotAvHome.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRubin2014" class="citation news cs1">Rubin, Jeff (4 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.timesofisrael.com/bostons-lost-jewish-neighborhood-reborn-on-facebook/">"Boston's lost Jewish neighborhood reborn on Facebook"</a>. Times of Israel. Retrieved 4 November 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Boston%27s+lost+Jewish+neighborhood+reborn+on+Facebook&rft.date=2014-11-04&rft.aulast=Rubin&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.timesofisrael.com%2Fbostons-lost-jewish-neighborhood-reborn-on-facebook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> Levine, Hillel and Lawrence Harmon. The Death of an American Jewish Community: A Tragedy of Good Intentions. Boston: Free Press, 1991. </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110627005936/http://www.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org/pdf/ResearchPublications/Foreign%20Born%20Final%20March%202008.pdf">"Foreign Born in Boston"</a>, Boston Redevelopment Authority, October 2007 </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/dotirish.html">Dorchester Reporter, Dorchester MA USA</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120204103522/http://www.dotnews.com/dotirish.html">Archived</a> February 4, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.caribbeanaffairs.info/Dorchester.htm">Dorchester</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120302102722/http://www.caribbeanaffairs.info/Dorchester.htm">Archived</a> March 2, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-BW2007-57"><a href="#cite_ref-BW2007_57-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20110612144556/http://www.baywindows.com/index.php?ch=news&sc=glbt&sc2=news&sc3=&id=58409">"Dorchester development to be geared toward gays"</a>, Bay Windows, Thursday Aug 2, 2007 </li> <li id="cite_note-LASTCALLS-58"><a href="#cite_ref-LASTCALLS_58-0">^</a> Stidman, Pete, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/lastcall.html">"For Some, Last Calls Heard on the Ave."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120223134300/http://www.dotnews.com/lastcall.html">Archived</a> 2012-02-23 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Dorchester Reporter, January 31, 2008 </li> <li id="cite_note-boston.com-59"><a href="#cite_ref-boston.com_59-0">^</a> Diaz, Johnny. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2005/10/30/under_a_rainbow_flag_linking_the_dots/">"Under a rainbow flag, linking the Dots"</a>, Boston Globe, October 30, 2005 </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> Kuhr, Fred. 2004. There goes the gayborhood. The Advocate, Jul 6, 2004. </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/realestate/gallery/0511dorchester/">"Selling upscale living in Dorchester"</a>. The Boston Globe. May 11, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Selling+upscale+living+in+Dorchester&rft.date=2008-05-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Frealestate%2Fgallery%2F0511dorchester%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"ACS DEMOGRAPHIC AND HOUSING ESTIMATES 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a>. Retrieved August 25, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ACS+DEMOGRAPHIC+AND+HOUSING+ESTIMATES+2012-2016+American+Community+Survey+5-Year+Estimates&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-census.gov-63">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census.gov_63-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-census.gov_63-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-census.gov_63-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-census.gov_63-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/ma,US/PST045217">"Massachusetts QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau"</a>. census.gov.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=census.gov&rft.atitle=Massachusetts+QuickFacts+from+the+US+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2Ffact%2Ftable%2Fma%2CUS%2FPST045217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"ACS DEMOGRAPHIC AND HOUSING ESTIMATES 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a>. Retrieved August 25, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ACS+DEMOGRAPHIC+AND+HOUSING+ESTIMATES+2012-2016+American+Community+Survey+5-Year+Estimates&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"ACS DEMOGRAPHIC AND HOUSING ESTIMATES 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a>. Retrieved August 25, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ACS+DEMOGRAPHIC+AND+HOUSING+ESTIMATES+2012-2016+American+Community+Survey+5-Year+Estimates&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"ACS DEMOGRAPHIC AND HOUSING ESTIMATES 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a>. Retrieved August 25, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ACS+DEMOGRAPHIC+AND+HOUSING+ESTIMATES+2012-2016+American+Community+Survey+5-Year+Estimates&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"PEOPLE REPORTING ANCESTRY 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates"</a>. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved August 25, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PEOPLE+REPORTING+ANCESTRY+2012-2016+American+Community+Survey+5-Year+Estimates&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"ACS DEMOGRAPHIC AND HOUSING ESTIMATES 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a>. Retrieved August 25, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ACS+DEMOGRAPHIC+AND+HOUSING+ESTIMATES+2012-2016+American+Community+Survey+5-Year+Estimates&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mbta.com/about_the_mbta/t_projects/default.asp?id=980">"Ashmont Station Renovation"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160107034634/http://www.mbta.com/about_the_mbta/t_projects/default.asp?id=980">Archived</a> 2016-01-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, MBTA </li> <li id="cite_note-dotnews.com-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dotnews.com_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dotnews.com_70-1">b</a> Sullivan, Jim O., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/2005/ashmont-station-project-running-trouble">"Ashmont Station Project Running into Trouble"</a>, The Dorchester Reporter, Feb. 1, 2005 </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.masshousing.com/portal/server.pt?open=512&objID=250&&PageID=2348&mode=2&in_hi_userid=2&cached=true">Transit-Oriented Development</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160204174741/https://www.masshousing.com/portal/server.pt?open=512&objID=250&&PageID=2348&mode=2&in_hi_userid=2&cached=true">Archived</a> February 4, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_MOpIAAAAMAAJ">A Record of the Streets, Alleys, Places, Etc. in the City of Boston, Street Laying-Out Dept., Boston, Mass</a>. City of Boston Printing Dept. 1910.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Record+of+the+Streets%2C+Alleys%2C+Places%2C+Etc.+in+the+City+of+Boston%2C+Street+Laying-Out+Dept.%2C+Boston%2C+Mass.&rft.pub=City+of+Boston+Printing+Dept.&rft.date=1910&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_MOpIAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=616">"Codman Hill"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927181843/http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=616">Archived</a> 2011-09-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Dorchester Atheneum </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> Boustan, Leah Platt, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.econ.ucla.edu/lboustan/research_pdfs/research02_whiteflight.pdf">"Was Postwar Suburbanization 'White Flight'? Evidence from the Black Migration."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120301180821/http://www.econ.ucla.edu/lboustan/research_pdfs/research02_whiteflight.pdf">Archived</a> 2012-03-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKamin" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Kamin, Blair. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011134151/http://www.nbm.org/blueprints/summer97/page4/page4.htm">Rethinking Public Housing</a>. Vol. Summer 1997. Washington D.C.: Blueprints magazine. p. 4. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbm.org/blueprints/summer97/page4/page4.htm">the original</a> on 2007-10-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rethinking+Public+Housing&rft.place=Washington+D.C.&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Blueprints+magazine&rft.aulast=Kamin&rft.aufirst=Blair&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbm.org%2Fblueprints%2Fsummer97%2Fpage4%2Fpage4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoessner2000" class="citation book cs1">Roessner, Jane (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060919221130/http://www.lib.umb.edu/archives/points.html">A Decent Place to Live: From Columbia Point to Harbor Point</a>. Boston: Northeastern University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55553-436-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-55553-436-8"><bdi>1-55553-436-8</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.umb.edu/archives/points.html">the original</a> on 2006-09-19. Retrieved 2008-02-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Decent+Place+to+Live%3A+From+Columbia+Point+to+Harbor+Point&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Northeastern+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-55553-436-8&rft.aulast=Roessner&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.umb.edu%2Farchives%2Fpoints.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE1DB103BF930A15752C1A967958260">Boston War Zone Becomes Public Housing Dream</a>. November 23, 1991.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Boston+War+Zone+Becomes+Public+Housing+Dream&rft.date=1991-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9D0CE1DB103BF930A15752C1A967958260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bostonherald.com/news/opinion/editorials/view.bg?articleid=1072931M">Editorials</a>. Boston Herald. Retrieved on 2017-09-13. </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAppelbaum2008" class="citation news cs1">Appelbaum, Binyamin (February 15, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/realestate/news/articles/2008/02/15/hendry_st_rescue_plan_underway/">"Hendry St. rescue plan underway"</a>. The Boston Globe.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Hendry+St.+rescue+plan+underway&rft.date=2008-02-15&rft.aulast=Appelbaum&rft.aufirst=Binyamin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Frealestate%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2008%2F02%2F15%2Fhendry_st_rescue_plan_underway%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStidman2008" class="citation web cs1">Stidman, Pete (August 14, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120213143128/http://www.dotnews.com/new%20deal%20for%20columbia%20pt.html">"Sketches outline new-deal for Columbia Point"</a>. Dorchester Reporter. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/new%20deal%20for%20columbia%20pt.html">the original</a> on February 13, 2012. Retrieved January 6, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sketches+outline+new-deal+for+Columbia+Point&rft.pub=Dorchester+Reporter&rft.date=2008-08-14&rft.aulast=Stidman&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2Fnew%2520deal%2520for%2520columbia%2520pt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStidman2008" class="citation web cs1">Stidman, Pete (July 17, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120213143149/http://www.dotnews.com/bayside%20developers.html">"Bayside developers go public with site plans"</a>. Dorchester Reporter. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/bayside%20developers.html">the original</a> on February 13, 2012. Retrieved January 6, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bayside+developers+go+public+with+site+plans&rft.pub=Dorchester+Reporter&rft.date=2008-07-17&rft.aulast=Stidman&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2Fbayside%2520developers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140517002910/http://baysideonthepoint.com/">"Bayside on the Point website"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baysideonthepoint.com/">the original</a> on 2014-05-17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bayside+on+the+Point+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baysideonthepoint.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStidman2008" class="citation book cs1">Stidman, Pete (November 13, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120213143208/http://www.dotnews.com/Next%20great%20neighborhood.html">Next great neighborhood' planned for Morrissey site</a>. Dorchester Reporter. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/Next%20great%20neighborhood.html">the original</a> on February 13, 2012. Retrieved January 6, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Next+great+neighborhood%27+planned+for+Morrissey+site&rft.pub=Dorchester+Reporter&rft.date=2008-11-13&rft.aulast=Stidman&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2FNext%2520great%2520neighborhood.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> Forry, Ed, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/2009/umass-boston-seeks-buy-bayside-expo">"UMass-Boston seeks to buy Bayside Expo; Motley says no plans for dorms"</a>, The Dorchester Reporter, December 16, 2009 </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> Anderson, Hil, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tradeshowexecutive.com/news_online_main.asp?id=894">"Boston's Bayside Expo Site Sold to University"</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍], Trade Show Executive News, January 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Brien2009" class="citation news cs1">O'Brien, Keith (June 10, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/business/articles/2009/06/10/times_co_seeks_globe_bids/">"Times Co. seeks Globe bids"</a>. The Boston Globe.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Times+Co.+seeks+Globe+bids&rft.date=2009-06-10&rft.aulast=O%27Brien&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fbusiness%2Farticles%2F2009%2F06%2F10%2Ftimes_co_seeks_globe_bids%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2009" class="citation news cs1">Moore, Galen (October 14, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://boston.bizjournals.com/boston/stories/2009/10/12/daily37.html">"New York Times drops plan to sell Globe"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=New+York+Times+drops+plan+to+sell+Globe&rft.date=2009-10-14&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Galen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fboston.bizjournals.com%2Fboston%2Fstories%2F2009%2F10%2F12%2Fdaily37.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMark_Arsenault2017" class="citation news cs1">Mark Arsenault (2017-06-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052827/https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2017/06/21/years-after-leaving-newspaper-row-globe-returns-downtown/AcjrianLw3gvX3e1YFrqAL/story.html?s_campaign=breakingnews:newsletter">"With an eye on the future, Globe returns to downtown Boston"</a>. The Boston Globe. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2017/06/21/years-after-leaving-newspaper-row-globe-returns-downtown/AcjrianLw3gvX3e1YFrqAL/story.html?s_campaign=breakingnews:newsletter">the original</a> on 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2017-12-21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=With+an+eye+on+the+future%2C+Globe+returns+to+downtown+Boston&rft.date=2017-06-21&rft.au=Mark+Arsenault&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonglobe.com%2Fmetro%2F2017%2F06%2F21%2Fyears-after-leaving-newspaper-row-globe-returns-downtown%2FAcjrianLw3gvX3e1YFrqAL%2Fstory.html%3Fs_campaign%3Dbreakingnews%3Anewsletter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.myfoxboston.com/story/21779891/2013/03/24/crime-rates-dropped-15-percent-in-first-three-months-of-2013">"Crime rate reportedly reduced by 15 percent in Boston for 2013"</a>. Boston 25 News. March 24, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boston+25+News&rft.atitle=Crime+rate+reportedly+reduced+by+15+percent+in+Boston+for+2013&rft.date=2013-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.myfoxboston.com%2Fstory%2F21779891%2F2013%2F03%2F24%2Fcrime-rates-dropped-15-percent-in-first-three-months-of-2013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://projects.nytimes.com/census/2010/explorer">"Mapping America — Census Bureau's 2005-9 American Community Survey"</a>. The New York Times. December 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Mapping+America+%E2%80%94+Census+Bureau%27s+2005-9+American+Community+Survey&rft.date=2010-12-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprojects.nytimes.com%2Fcensus%2F2010%2Fexplorer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/2011_murders_in_boston/">"Murders in Boston during 2011"</a>, boston.com </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.areavibes.com/boston-ma/north+dorchester/livability/">Living In North Dorchester, Boston, MA – Boston Livability Score</a>. <a href="/wiki/AreaVibes" title="AreaVibes">AreaVibes</a>. Retrieved on 2017-09-13. </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.areavibes.com/boston-ma/south+dorchester/livability/">Living In South Dorchester, Boston, MA – Boston Livability Score</a>. <a href="/wiki/AreaVibes" title="AreaVibes">AreaVibes</a> (2014-06-09). Retrieved on 2017-09-13. </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100613005143/http://bostonpublicschools.org/node/288/">"Student Assignment Policy"</a>. Boston Public Schools. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bostonpublicschools.org/node/288/">the original</a> on June 13, 2010. Retrieved April 15, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Student+Assignment+Policy&rft.pub=Boston+Public+Schools&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbostonpublicschools.org%2Fnode%2F288%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevens2003" class="citation web cs1">Stevens, Peter F. (June 5, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081120125114/http://www.dotnews.com/dothighistory.html">"Of Debates And Diplomas The Legacy Of Dorchester High School Did Not Arrive Without Struggle"</a>. Dorchester Reporter. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/dothighistory.html">the original</a> on November 20, 2008. Retrieved April 15, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Of+Debates+And+Diplomas+The+Legacy+Of+Dorchester+High+School+Did+Not+Arrive+Without+Struggle&rft.pub=Dorchester+Reporter&rft.date=2003-06-05&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=Peter+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2Fdothighistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonpublicschools.org/Page/http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonpublicschools.org%2Fsite%2Fdefault.aspx%3FPageID%3D626">"School Listings / School Listings"</a>. www.bostonpublicschools.org. Retrieved 2022-03-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bostonpublicschools.org&rft.atitle=School+Listings+%2F+School+Listings&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonpublicschools.org%2FPage%2Fhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.bostonpublicschools.org%252Fsite%252Fdefault.aspx%253FPageID%253D626&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neighborhoodhousecharterschool.org/">Home</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130615032309/http://neighborhoodhousecharterschool.org/">Archived</a> 2013-06-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." Neighborhood House Charter School. Retrieved on April 16, 2013. "21 Queen Street, Dorchester, MA 02122" </li> <li id="cite_note-hard-98">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hard_98-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hard_98-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wbur.org/news/2018/06/15/dorchester-parish-faces-hard-decisions-about-future">Dorchester Parish Faces ‘Hard Decisions’ About Future</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStidman2008" class="citation web cs1">Stidman, Pete (June 19, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716061657/http://www.dotnews.com/index%206.19.08.html">"Class is out at St. Peter's School: Final graduation day marked by tears of joy, sadness"</a>. The Dorchester Reporter. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/index%206.19.08.html">the original</a> on July 16, 2011. Retrieved December 8, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Class+is+out+at+St.+Peter%27s+School%3A+Final+graduation+day+marked+by+tears+of+joy%2C+sadness&rft.pub=The+Dorchester+Reporter&rft.date=2008-06-19&rft.aulast=Stidman&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2Findex%25206.19.08.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenoit2008" class="citation web cs1">Benoit, David (June 19, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716061657/http://www.dotnews.com/index%206.19.08.html">"St. Kevin's grads and alums share farewell Mass"</a>. The Dorchester Reporter. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/index%206.19.08.html">the original</a> on July 16, 2011. Retrieved December 8, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+Kevin%27s+grads+and+alums+share+farewell+Mass&rft.pub=The+Dorchester+Reporter&rft.date=2008-06-19&rft.aulast=Benoit&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2Findex%25206.19.08.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180810011201/https://www.sjp2ca.org/apps/pages/campuses">"Mission & History"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sjp2ca.org/apps/pages/campuses">the original</a> on 2018-08-10. Retrieved 2018-08-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mission+%26+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sjp2ca.org%2Fapps%2Fpages%2Fcampuses&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Umass_Boston:_Data-102"><a href="#cite_ref-Umass_Boston:_Data_102-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bigfuture.collegeboard.org/college-university-search/university-of-massachusetts-boston">"Umass Boston"</a>. Statistics.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statistics&rft.atitle=Umass+Boston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbigfuture.collegeboard.org%2Fcollege-university-search%2Funiversity-of-massachusetts-boston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/branches">"Neighborhood Branch Libraries"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100506000555/http://www.bpl.org/branches">Archived</a> May 6, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Boston Public Library</a>. Retrieved on May 23, 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpl.org/branches/codman.htm">Codman Square Branch Library</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130105184133/http://www.bpl.org/branches/codman.htm">Archived</a> January 5, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Boston Public Library</a>. Retrieved on May 23, 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.carneyhospital.org/about-us">"Carney Hospital"</a>. Steward Health Care. Retrieved 2016-04-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Carney+Hospital&rft.pub=Steward+Health+Care&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.carneyhospital.org%2Fabout-us&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Codman_Square_Health_Center-106"><a href="#cite_ref-Codman_Square_Health_Center_106-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.codman.org/about/">"Codman Square Health Center"</a>. Retrieved 2016-04-22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Codman+Square+Health+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.codman.org%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Urban_Asthma_Coalition-107"><a href="#cite_ref-Urban_Asthma_Coalition_107-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mydorchester.org/urbanasthma">"Urban Asthma Coalition"</a>. The Dorchester.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Dorchester&rft.atitle=Urban+Asthma+Coalition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmydorchester.org%2Furbanasthma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Asthma_Community_Network-108"><a href="#cite_ref-Asthma_Community_Network_108-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asthmacommunitynetwork.org/node/860">"Asthma Community Network"</a>. Boston Urban Asthma Coalition. 18 June 2007. Retrieved 2016-04-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boston+Urban+Asthma+Coalition&rft.atitle=Asthma+Community+Network&rft.date=2007-06-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asthmacommunitynetwork.org%2Fnode%2F860&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-109">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_109-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_109-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedman" class="citation web cs1">Friedman, Evelyn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofboston.gov/Images_Documents/RealEstateTrends_2011_tcm3-31604.pdf">"Real Estate Trends 2011"</a> (PDF). City of Boston. City of Boston Department of Neighborhood Development. Retrieved 4 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+Boston&rft.atitle=Real+Estate+Trends+2011&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=Evelyn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofboston.gov%2FImages_Documents%2FRealEstateTrends_2011_tcm3-31604.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-110">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_110-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_110-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_110-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_110-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160508005832/http://dnd.cityofboston.gov/portal/v1/contentRepository/Public/dnd%20pdfs/PolicyResearch/Dorchester_Planning_District_Profile.pdf">"Dorchester Planning District Profile"</a> (PDF). City of Boston. City of Boston Department of Neighborhood Development. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dnd.cityofboston.gov/portal/v1/contentRepository/Public/dnd%20pdfs/PolicyResearch/Dorchester_Planning_District_Profile.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 8 May 2016. Retrieved 4 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+Boston&rft.atitle=Dorchester+Planning+District+Profile&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdnd.cityofboston.gov%2Fportal%2Fv1%2FcontentRepository%2FPublic%2Fdnd%2520pdfs%2FPolicyResearch%2FDorchester_Planning_District_Profile.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-111">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_111-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_111-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDillion" class="citation web cs1">Dillion, Sheila. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160507230317/http://dnd.cityofboston.gov/portal/v1/contentRepository/Public/dnd%20pdfs/PolicyResearch/TRENDS/Foreclosure_Trends_2013.pdf">"Foreclosure Trends 2013"</a> (PDF). City of Boston. City of Boston Department of Neighborhood Development. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dnd.cityofboston.gov/portal/v1/contentRepository/Public/dnd%20pdfs/PolicyResearch/TRENDS/Foreclosure_Trends_2013.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 4 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+Boston&rft.atitle=Foreclosure+Trends+2013&rft.aulast=Dillion&rft.aufirst=Sheila&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdnd.cityofboston.gov%2Fportal%2Fv1%2FcontentRepository%2FPublic%2Fdnd%2520pdfs%2FPolicyResearch%2FTRENDS%2FForeclosure_Trends_2013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-District_C-11_Dorchester-112"><a href="#cite_ref-District_C-11_Dorchester_112-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bpdnews.com/district-c-11/">"District C-11 Dorchester"</a>. bpd news.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bpd+news&rft.atitle=District+C-11+Dorchester&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbpdnews.com%2Fdistrict-c-11%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blog_Posts-113"><a href="#cite_ref-Blog_Posts_113-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bphc.org/whatwedo/homelessness/emergency-shelter-commission/Pages/Shelters.aspx">"Blog Posts"</a>. www.bphc.org. 2 February 2016. Retrieved 2016-03-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bphc.org&rft.atitle=Blog+Posts&rft.date=2016-02-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bphc.org%2Fwhatwedo%2Fhomelessness%2Femergency-shelter-commission%2FPages%2FShelters.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-My_Dorchester-114"><a href="#cite_ref-My_Dorchester_114-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mydorchester.org/United-Homes-Adult-Shelter">"My Dorchester"</a>. Social Capital inc & DotWell.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=My+Dorchester&rft.pub=Social+Capital+inc+%26+DotWell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmydorchester.org%2FUnited-Homes-Adult-Shelter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dorchester_Massachusetts-115"><a href="#cite_ref-Dorchester_Massachusetts_115-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bestplaces.net/economy/zip-code/massachusetts/dorchester/02121">"Dorchester Massachusetts"</a>. Sperling Best Places.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sperling+Best+Places&rft.atitle=Dorchester+Massachusetts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bestplaces.net%2Feconomy%2Fzip-code%2Fmassachusetts%2Fdorchester%2F02121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dorchester_Reporter-116"><a href="#cite_ref-Dorchester_Reporter_116-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/2015/compelling-problems-achievable-solutions-positive-change">"Dorchester Reporter"</a>. Compelling problems + Achievable solutions = positive change. Judy Meredith, Jenn Cartee, Jennifer Johnson, Michael Groves. February 4, 2015. Retrieved April 11, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Compelling+problems+%2B+Achievable+solutions+%3D+positive+change&rft.atitle=Dorchester+Reporter&rft.date=2015-02-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2F2015%2Fcompelling-problems-achievable-solutions-positive-change&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Forry-117">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Forry_117-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Forry_117-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForry2016" class="citation news cs1">Forry, Bill (2016-04-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/columns/2016/city-budget-plan-big-boost-dot-parks-libraries">"Dorchester Reporter"</a>. Retrieved 2016-04-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dorchester+Reporter&rft.date=2016-04-14&rft.aulast=Forry&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2Fcolumns%2F2016%2Fcity-budget-plan-big-boost-dot-parks-libraries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShooster2011" class="citation web cs1">Shooster, Derek (November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160320055748/https://data.cityofboston.gov/dataset/Dorchester-neighborhood-2010-Census/m2sk-fj5n">"2010 Census"</a>. Summary File 1. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.cityofboston.gov/dataset/Dorchester-neighborhood-2010-Census/m2sk-fj5n">the original</a> on 20 March 2016. Retrieved 4 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Summary+File+1&rft.atitle=2010+Census&rft.date=2011-11&rft.aulast=Shooster&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.cityofboston.gov%2Fdataset%2FDorchester-neighborhood-2010-Census%2Fm2sk-fj5n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160326145956/http://www.experiencebell.org/about-us">"BELL | Mission & History"</a>. www.experiencebell.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.experiencebell.org/about-us">the original</a> on 2016-03-26. Retrieved 2016-04-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.experiencebell.org&rft.atitle=BELL+%7C+Mission+%26+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.experiencebell.org%2Fabout-us&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dailytable.org">"Daily Table"</a>. dailytable.org. Retrieved 2016-04-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dailytable.org&rft.atitle=Daily+Table&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdailytable.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TBF-121"><a href="#cite_ref-TBF_121-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tbf.org/news-and-insights/press-releases/2005/july/boston-foundation-grants-mean-more-summer-jobs-for-teens">"Boston Foundation grants mean more summer jobs for teens"</a>. TBF. Retrieved 12 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TBF&rft.atitle=Boston+Foundation+grants+mean+more+summer+jobs+for+teens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tbf.org%2Fnews-and-insights%2Fpress-releases%2F2005%2Fjuly%2Fboston-foundation-grants-mean-more-summer-jobs-for-teens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hutchinscenter.fas.harvard.edu/w-e-b-dubois-society">"W. E. B. Du Bois Society"</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Hutchins_Center_for_African_%26_African_American_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="Hutchins Center for African & African American Research">Hutchins Center for African & African American Research</a>. 10 May 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hutchins+Center+for+African+%26+African+American+Research&rft.atitle=W.+E.+B.+Du+Bois+Society&rft.date=2018-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhutchinscenter.fas.harvard.edu%2Fw-e-b-dubois-society&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jfklibrary.org">"John F Kennedy"</a>. John F Kennedy. Retrieved 27 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=John+F+Kennedy&rft.atitle=John+F+Kennedy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jfklibrary.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fieldscorner.org">"Fields Corner"</a>. Retrieved 27 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fields+Corner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffieldscorner.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.franklinparkcoalition.org/featured-events/kite-bike-festival/">"Kite & Bike Festival"</a>. Franklin Park Coalition. Retrieved 2019-07-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Franklin+Park+Coalition&rft.atitle=Kite+%26+Bike+Festival&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.franklinparkcoalition.org%2Ffeatured-events%2Fkite-bike-festival%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.massriversalliance.org/transportation">"Transportation Options"</a>. Massachusetts Rivers Alliance. Retrieved October 3, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Massachusetts+Rivers+Alliance&rft.atitle=Transportation+Options&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.massriversalliance.org%2Ftransportation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dotnews.com/2017/greenway-envisioned-beautify-enliven-red-line-tunnel-cap">"Greenway envisioned to beautify, enliven Red Line tunnel cap"</a>. Dorchester Reporter. 2017-05-17. Retrieved 2017-10-17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dorchester+Reporter&rft.atitle=Greenway+envisioned+to+beautify%2C+enliven+Red+Line+tunnel+cap&rft.date=2017-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2F2017%2Fgreenway-envisioned-beautify-enliven-red-line-tunnel-cap&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/nrhp/Download?path=/natreg/docs/All_Data.html">"National Park Service"</a>. npgallery.nps.gov. Retrieved 2017-10-17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=npgallery.nps.gov&rft.atitle=National+Park+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgallery.nps.gov%2Fnrhp%2FDownload%3Fpath%3D%2Fnatreg%2Fdocs%2FAll_Data.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-129">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_129-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_129-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/ma/suffolk/state.html">"National Register of Historical Places - MASSACHUSETTS (MA), Suffolk County"</a>. www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com. Retrieved 2017-10-17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com&rft.atitle=National+Register+of+Historical+Places+-+MASSACHUSETTS+%28MA%29%2C+Suffolk+County&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com%2Fma%2Fsuffolk%2Fstate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.commonwealthmuseum.org">"Commonwealth Museum"</a>. CommonwealthMuseum.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CommonwealthMuseum.org&rft.atitle=Commonwealth+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.commonwealthmuseum.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mass.gov/dcr/parks/metroboston/neponset.htm">"Neponset River State Reservation"</a>. Metro Boston.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metro+Boston&rft.atitle=Neponset+River+State+Reservation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mass.gov%2Fdcr%2Fparks%2Fmetroboston%2Fneponset.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marquis_1607-1896-132">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Marquis_1607-1896_132-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marquis_1607-1896_132-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marquis_1607-1896_132-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607–1896. Chicago: Marquis Who's Who. 1963.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who+Was+Who+in+America%2C+Historical+Volume%2C+1607%E2%80%931896&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=Marquis+Who%27s+Who&rft.date=1963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bg-133"><a href="#cite_ref-bg_133-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStickgold2010" class="citation news cs1">Stickgold, Emma (2010-06-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/obituaries/articles/2010/06/10/robert_bergenheim_founded_boston_business_journal">"Robert Bergenheim; founded Boston Business Journal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Boston_Globe" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Globe">Boston Globe</a>. Retrieved 2010-06-26.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Robert+Bergenheim%3B+founded+Boston+Business+Journal&rft.date=2010-06-10&rft.aulast=Stickgold&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fbostonglobe%2Fobituaries%2Farticles%2F2010%2F06%2F10%2Frobert_bergenheim_founded_boston_business_journal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Clarence Cook Dead". <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. June 3, 1900.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Clarence+Cook+Dead&rft.date=1900-06-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForry2006" class="citation web cs1">Forry, Bill (September 7, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090107085039/http://www.dotnews.com/normcrosby.html">"Crosby comes home for lifetime achievement award"</a>. Dorchester Reporter. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dotnews.com/normcrosby.html">the original</a> on January 7, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crosby+comes+home+for+lifetime+achievement+award&rft.pub=Dorchester+Reporter&rft.date=2006-09-07&rft.aulast=Forry&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dotnews.com%2Fnormcrosby.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingelais1983" class="citation news cs1">Singelais, Neil (October 13, 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68287367/tom-fitzgerald-1983/">"Obituaries: Tom Fitzgerald, at 71; longtime Globe golf, hockey writing specialist"</a>. The Boston Globe. Boston, Massachusetts. p. 67.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Obituaries%3A+Tom+Fitzgerald%2C+at+71%3B+longtime+Globe+golf%2C+hockey+writing+specialist&rft.pages=67&rft.date=1983-10-13&rft.aulast=Singelais&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F68287367%2Ftom-fitzgerald-1983%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"><a href="/wiki/Open_access#Free_access" title="Free to read"><img alt="Free access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></a> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> Lapierre, Eugène, Calixa Lavallée, musicien national du Canada, Montréal, Fides, 1965, p. 235 </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> Scanned in at the American Memory Collection of the Library of Congress </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2015/05/01/baltimore-prosecutor-has-deep-ties-boston/ytXP5IjJseH1t0FQw1YfJM/story.html">"Freddie Gray case prosecutor Marilyn Mosby has deep ties to Boston – Metro – The Boston Globe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BostonGlobe.com" class="mw-redirect" title="BostonGlobe.com">BostonGlobe.com</a>. Retrieved 14 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BostonGlobe.com&rft.atitle=Freddie+Gray+case+prosecutor+Marilyn+Mosby+has+deep+ties+to+Boston+%E2%80%93+Metro+%E2%80%93+The+Boston+Globe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonglobe.com%2Fmetro%2F2015%2F05%2F01%2Fbaltimore-prosecutor-has-deep-ties-boston%2FytXP5IjJseH1t0FQw1YfJM%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/elliot-silverstein-dead-cat-ballou-1235679761/">"Elliot Silverstein, Director of 'Cat Ballou' and 'A Man Called Horse,' Dies at 96"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a>. November 27, 2023. Retrieved November 27, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Elliot+Silverstein%2C+Director+of+%27Cat+Ballou%27+and+%27A+Man+Called+Horse%2C%27+Dies+at+96&rft.date=2023-11-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fmovies%2Fmovie-news%2Felliot-silverstein-dead-cat-ballou-1235679761%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenry_Charles_Lahee1912" class="citation book cs1">Henry Charles Lahee (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_F45AAAAIAAJ&dq=Roberti+opera+naples&pg=PA426">The Grand Opera Singers of To-day:An Account of the Leading Operatic Stars who Have Sung During Recent Years, Together with a Sketch of the Chief Operatic Enterprises</a>. L.C. Page. pp. 425–427.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Grand+Opera+Singers+of+To-day%3AAn+Account+of+the+Leading+Operatic+Stars+who+Have+Sung+During+Recent+Years%2C+Together+with+a+Sketch+of+the+Chief+Operatic+Enterprises&rft.pages=425-427&rft.pub=L.C.+Page&rft.date=1912&rft.au=Henry+Charles+Lahee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_F45AAAAIAAJ%26dq%3DRoberti%2Bopera%2Bnaples%26pg%3DPA426&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li>Committee of the Dorchester Antiquarian and Historical Society, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sT0OAAAAIAAJ">"History of the Town of Dorchester, Massachusetts"</a>, Boston : Ebenezer Clapp Jr., 1859.</li> <li>Dutton, E.P. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090207181504/http://maps.bpl.org/details_10717/?srch_query=boston+harbor+1867&srch_fields=all&srch_style=exact&srch_fa=save&srch_ok=Go+Search">Chart of Boston Harbor and Massachusetts Bay with Map of Adjacent Country.</a> Published 1867. A good map of roads and rail lines around Dorchester. Note the Horse RailRoad on Dorchester Ave.</li> <li>Glover, Anna. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_ygeSH-4i9VAC">Glover Memorials and Genealogies: An Account of John Glover Of Dorchester and Some of his Descendants.</a> Published 1867.</li> <li>Orcutt, William Dana. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_davty16_aRgC">Good Old Dorchester: A Narrative History of the Town, 1630–1893.</a> Published 1893.</li> <li>Sammarco, Anthony Mitchell. <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dorchester00samm">Dorchester</a>. Images of America. Dover, N.H.: Arcadia Publishing. 1995. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7524-0228-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7524-0228-5"><bdi>0-7524-0228-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL935911M">935911M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dorchester&rft.place=Dover%2C+N.H.&rft.series=Images+of+America&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=1995&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL935911M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=0-7524-0228-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdorchester00samm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nI63nD0FG-gC">Dorchester: Volume II"</a>, Images of America series, Arcadia Publishing, 2000</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Gj44iP8D95wC">Dorchester: Then & Now</a>", Arcadia Publishing, 2005.</li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeasholes,_Nancy_S.2003" class="citation book cs1">Seasholes, Nancy S. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gaininggroundhis0000seas">Gaining ground : a history of landmaking in Boston</a>. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-262-19494-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-262-19494-5"><bdi>978-0-262-19494-5</bdi></a>. <q>nancy seasholes.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gaining+ground+%3A+a+history+of+landmaking+in+Boston&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-262-19494-5&rft.au=Seasholes%2C+Nancy+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgaininggroundhis0000seas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></li> <li>The Vital Records of Dorchester (Births, Marriages, and Deaths) to 1825 were published in 1890 as the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_kFZjHOWJ0QC&q=editions:0nAKSbSQzM47rp">21st Report of the Records Commissioners of Boston.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.unh.edu/nhtopos/Boston.htm">Old USGS Maps of Boston and Dorchester area.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080321065912/http://docs.unh.edu/nhtopos/Boston.htm">Archived</a> 2008-03-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> See the 1903 southeaster corner map.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=66">"Railroad Transportation in Dorchester"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090727114310/http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/page.php?id=66">Archived</a> 2009-07-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – History by the Dorchester Atheneum</li> <li>Dorchester, Massachusetts, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bos-gw.rays-place.com/dor/1790.htm">1790 Federal Head of Household Census</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130201053204/http://bos-gw.rays-place.com/dor/1790.htm">Archived</a> 2013-02-01 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>, Dorchester, Massachusetts, US Census data</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bos-gw.rays-place.com/dor/epitaphs.htm">"Dorchester Epitaphs: from Epitaphs First Burying-Place in Dorchester"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130201122533/http://bos-gw.rays-place.com/dor/epitaphs.htm">Archived</a> 2013-02-01 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>, (not in Dorchester town records), From the back of the book of Dorchester Vital Records to 1850</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bos-gw.rays-place.com/hs-dorchester.htm">"Historical Sketch of Dorchester"</a>, Mercantile Publishing Company, Boston, 1888</li> <li>Orcutt, William Dana, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_davty16_aRgC">Good Old Dorchester: A Narrative history of the Town 1630–1893</a>, Cambridge : John Wilson & Son, University Press, 1893</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1aqBaXolxmiYfEvUDt2bqF6M3p7lvxFelPg9KC4QEZJ8">"Report for Reconnaissance Archaeological Survey of the Mary L. Pierce Well / Ronan Park / Boston (Dorchester), Massachusetts"</a>. 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report+for+Reconnaissance+Archaeological+Survey+of+the+Mary+L.+Pierce+Well+%2F+Ronan+Park+%2F+Boston+%28Dorchester%29%2C+Massachusetts&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.google.com%2Fdocument%2Fd%2F1aqBaXolxmiYfEvUDt2bqF6M3p7lvxFelPg9KC4QEZJ8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADorchester%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Dorchester, Boston at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dorchester,_Boston" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Dorchester, Boston">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dorchester,_Boston" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Dorchester, Boston">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dorchester,_Boston" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Dorchester, Boston">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dorchester,_Boston" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Dorchester, Boston">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dorchester,_Boston" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Dorchester, Boston">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dorchester,_Boston" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Dorchester, Boston">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dorchester,_Boston" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Dorchester, Boston">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Boston/Dorchester" class="extiw" title="voy:Boston/Dorchester">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li>From the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Boston Public Library</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.bpl.org/">Map Collection</a>: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.bpl.org/details_10320/?srch_query=Dorchester&srch_fields=all&srch_style=exact&srch_fa=save">1831 Map of Dorchester</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081202033521/http://maps.bpl.org/details_10320/?srch_query=Dorchester&srch_fields=all&srch_style=exact&srch_fa=save">Archived</a> 2008-12-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by Edmund J. Baker</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081202033533/http://maps.bpl.org/details_11129/?srch_query=Dorchester&srch_fields=all&srch_style=exact&srch_fa=save">1850 Map of Dorchester</a> by E. Whiting</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.bpl.org/details_11158/?srch_query=Dorchester&srch_fields=all&srch_style=exact&srch_fa=save">1868 Map of Dorchester and Quincy</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081202033559/http://maps.bpl.org/details_11158/?srch_query=Dorchester&srch_fields=all&srch_style=exact&srch_fa=save">Archived</a> 2008-12-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by Dudley and Greenough</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.bpl.org/details_11125/?srch_query=Dorchester&srch_fields=all&srch_style=exact&srch_fa=save">1880 Plan of Dorchester</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081202033525/http://maps.bpl.org/details_11125/?srch_query=Dorchester&srch_fields=all&srch_style=exact&srch_fa=save">Archived</a> 2008-12-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by the Boston Engineering Dept.</li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mydorchester.org/">Dorchester Community Website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dotnews.com/">Dorchester Reporter</a> Local newspaper</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofboston.gov/parks/pdfs/os-dot.pdf">Map of Dorchester section of Boston</a> – Open Space Plan, City of Boston</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161018010036/http://www.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org/getattachment/8ceb6797-1219-4ebc-82fb-323505252b6a/">Boston Redevelopment Authority map of Dorchester</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20297146"> La Alianza Hispana records</a>, located in the Northeastern University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections Department, Boston, MA</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timenesia.org/neighborhood/fields-corner">My Dot Tour</a>, an open-source, "multimedia, youth-led walking tour of Fields Corner." It is "a project of the Fields Corner Collaborative."</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openarchives.umb.edu/cdm/search/collection/p15774coll8/searchterm/Dorchester/field/subjec/mode/exact/conn/and/order/date">Archival collections about Dorchester</a>, University Archives and Special Collections, Joseph P. Healey Library, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dorchesteratheneum.org/index.php">Dorchester Atheneum</a>, a website devoted to the history of Dorchester</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://macivilwarmonuments.com/2018/06/27/dorchester">Dorchester's Soldiers and Sailors Monument</a> at the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://macivilwarmonuments.com">Massachusetts Civil War Monuments Project</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Boston" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Boston,_Massachusetts" title="Template:Boston, Massachusetts"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #367BCA">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Boston,_Massachusetts" title="Template talk:Boston, Massachusetts"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #367BCA">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Boston,_Massachusetts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Boston, Massachusetts"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #367BCA">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Boston" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_accent" title="Boston accent">Accent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_annual_events_in_Boston" title="List of annual events in Boston">Annual events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Boston" title="Architecture of Boston">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_arts_organizations_in_Boston" title="List of arts organizations in Boston">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Boston" title="Bibliography of Boston">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_in_Boston" title="Culture in Boston">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Boston">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Boston" title="List of diplomatic missions in Boston">Diplomatic missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Boston">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Education in Boston">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_metropolitan_Boston" title="List of colleges and universities in metropolitan Boston">Colleges and universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Boston">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Boston" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Boston">Historic places</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_northern_Boston" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_southern_Boston" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in southern Boston">Southern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Boston" title="History of Boston">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Boston" title="Timeline of Boston">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Boston" title="Media in Boston">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_nicknames" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston nicknames">Nicknames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Boston" title="List of people from Boston">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Boston">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Boston" title="Port of Boston">Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Public library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Schools" title="Boston Public Schools">Public schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sister_cities_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sister cities of Boston">Sister cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Boston" title="List of tallest buildings in Boston">Skyscrapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_about_Boston" title="List of songs about Boston">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Boston" title="Transportation in Boston">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sites_of_interest_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sites of interest in Boston">Attractions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Common" title="Boston Common">Boston Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Convention_and_Exhibition_Center" title="Boston Convention and Exhibition Center">Boston Convention and Exhibition Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Irish_Famine_Memorial" title="Boston Irish Famine Memorial">Irish Famine Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party#Boston_Tea_Party_Ships_and_Museum" title="Boston Tea Party">Boston Tea Party Ships and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunker_Hill_Monument" title="Bunker Hill Monument">Bunker Hill Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Heights_Monument" title="Dorchester Heights Monument">Dorchester Heights Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faneuil_Hall" title="Faneuil Hall">Faneuil Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Park_Zoo" title="Franklin Park Zoo">Franklin Park Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Trail" title="Freedom Trail">Freedom Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hynes_Convention_Center" title="Hynes Convention Center">Hynes Convention Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Contemporary_Art,_Boston" title="Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston">Institute of Contemporary Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Stewart_Gardner_Museum" title="Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum">Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_State_House" title="Massachusetts State House">Massachusetts State House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_the_Great_Spirit" title="Appeal to the Great Spirit">Appeal to the Great Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Science_(Boston)" title="Museum of Science (Boston)">Museum of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Aquarium" title="New England Aquarium">New England Aquarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_North_Church" title="Old North Church">Old North Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Revere_House" title="Paul Revere House">Paul Revere House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_Hall,_Boston" title="Symphony Hall, Boston">Boston Symphony Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD_Garden" title="TD Garden">TD Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Constitution" title="USS Constitution">USS Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Constitution_Museum" title="USS Constitution Museum">Museum</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%">Business districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Back_Bay,_Boston" title="Back Bay, Boston">Back Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Boston" title="Downtown Boston">Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway%E2%80%93Kenmore" title="Fenway–Kenmore">Fenway–Kenmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Boston" title="Financial District, Boston">Financial District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Center,_Boston" title="Government Center, Boston">Government Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innovation_district" title="Innovation district">Innovation district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_End,_Boston" title="North End, Boston">North End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_128" title="Massachusetts Route 128">Route 128 corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_End,_Boston" title="South End, Boston">South End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_in_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of companies in Boston">List of companies in Boston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boston#Government_and_politics" title="Boston">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Charter" title="Boston City Charter">City charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Council" title="Boston City Council">City council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Hall" title="Boston City Hall">City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Boston_mayoral_election" title="2021 Boston mayoral election">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Emergency_Medical_Services" title="Boston Emergency Medical Services">Emergency Medical Services (EMS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Finance_Commission" title="Boston Finance Commission">FinComm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Fire_Department" title="Boston Fire Department">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Housing_Authority" title="Boston Housing Authority">Housing (BHA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston" title="Mayor of Boston">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Planning_%26_Development_Agency" title="Boston Planning & Development Agency">Planning & Development Agency (BPDA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Police_Department" title="Boston Police Department">Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Boston" title="Neighborhoods in Boston">Neighborhoods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allston%E2%80%93Brighton" title="Allston–Brighton">Allston–Brighton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allston" title="Allston">Allston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton,_Boston" title="Brighton, Boston">Brighton</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_Bay,_Boston" title="Back Bay, Boston">Back Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Village,_Boston" title="Bay Village, Boston">Bay Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beacon_Hill,_Boston" title="Beacon Hill, Boston">Beacon Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Crossing" title="Downtown Crossing">Downtown Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Boston" title="Financial District, Boston">Financial District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Center,_Boston" title="Government Center, Boston">Government Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlestown,_Boston" title="Charlestown, Boston">Charlestown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts">Chestnut Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Boston" title="Chinatown, Boston">Chinatown</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dorchester</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Point,_Boston" title="Columbia Point, Boston">Columbia Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upham%27s_Corner" class="mw-redirect" title="Upham's Corner">Upham's Corner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Boston" title="East Boston">East Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway%E2%80%93Kenmore" title="Fenway–Kenmore">Fenway–Kenmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Harbor_Islands_National_Recreation_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area">Harbor Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Boston" title="Hyde Park, Boston">Hyde Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Readville,_Boston" title="Readville, Boston">Readville</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Plain" title="Jamaica Plain">Jamaica Plain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Boston" title="Forest Hills, Boston">Forest Hills</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leather_District" title="Leather District">Leather District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattapan" title="Mattapan">Mattapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Hill,_Boston" title="Mission Hill, Boston">Mission Hill</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Longwood_Medical_and_Academic_Area" title="Longwood Medical and Academic Area">Longwood</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_End,_Boston" title="North End, Boston">North End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roslindale" title="Roslindale">Roslindale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxbury,_Boston" title="Roxbury, Boston">Roxbury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Hill,_Boston" title="Fort Hill, Boston">Fort Hill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Boston" title="South Boston">South Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Point,_Boston" title="Fort Point, Boston">Fort Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaport_District" title="Seaport District">Seaport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_End,_Boston" title="South End, Boston">South End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End,_Boston" title="West End, Boston">West End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Roxbury" title="West Roxbury">West Roxbury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Boston" title="Sports in Boston">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Bruins" title="Boston Bruins">Boston Bruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Celtics" title="Boston Celtics">Boston Celtics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Marathon" title="Boston Marathon">Boston Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Free_Jacks" title="New England Free Jacks">New England Free Jacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Patriots" title="New England Patriots">New England Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Revolution" title="New England Revolution">New England Revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#DFBC1E; color: #367BCA;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Suffolk County, Massachusetts">Suffolk County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Greater Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#005A8B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A0CFEB, inset -2px -2px 0 #A0CFEB;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="Template:University of Massachusetts Boston"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="Template talk:University of Massachusetts Boston"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="Special:EditPage/Template:University of Massachusetts Boston"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Boston" title="University of Massachusetts Boston">University of Massachusetts Boston</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005A8B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A0CFEB, inset -2px -2px 0 #A0CFEB;;width:1%">Campus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayside_Expo_Center" title="Bayside Expo Center">Bayside Expo Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Harbor" title="Boston Harbor">Boston Harbor</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Bay_(Boston_Harbor)" title="Dorchester Bay (Boston Harbor)">Dorchester Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Harborwalk" title="Boston Harborwalk">Boston Harborwalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calf_Pasture_Pumping_Station_Complex" title="Calf Pasture Pumping Station Complex">Calf Pasture Pumping Station Complex</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dorchester</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Point,_Boston" title="Columbia Point, Boston">Columbia Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savin_Hill" title="Savin Hill">Savin Hill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Shores_Reservation" title="Dorchester Shores Reservation">Dorchester Shores Reservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Institute_for_the_United_States_Senate" title="Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate">Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JFK/UMass_station" title="JFK/UMass station">JFK/UMass station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum">John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Archives" title="Massachusetts Archives">Massachusetts Archives and Commonwealth Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monan_Park" title="Monan Park">Monan Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morrissey_Boulevard" title="Morrissey Boulevard">Morrissey Boulevard</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Umb_-_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Umb_-_002.jpg/50px-Umb_-_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Umb_-_002.jpg/75px-Umb_-_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Umb_-_002.jpg/100px-Umb_-_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005A8B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A0CFEB, inset -2px -2px 0 #A0CFEB;;width:1%">Chancellors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Ryan" title="John W. Ryan">John W. Ryan</a> (1965–1968)</li> <li>Francis L. Broderick (1968–1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_L._Golino" title="Carlo L. Golino">Carlo L. Golino</a> (1973–1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claire_Van_Ummersen" title="Claire Van Ummersen">Claire Van Ummersen</a> (1978–1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Corrigan" title="Robert A. Corrigan">Robert A. Corrigan</a> (1979–1988)</li> <li>Sherry A. Penney (1988–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_F._MacCormack" title="Jean F. MacCormack">Jean F. MacCormack</a> (1995–1996)</li> <li>Sherry A. Penney (1996–2000)</li> <li>David MacKenzie (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Ann_M._Gora" title="Jo Ann M. Gora">Jo Ann M. Gora</a> (2001–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Keith_Motley" title="J. Keith Motley">J. Keith Motley</a> (2004–2005)</li> <li>Michael F. Collins (2005–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Keith_Motley" title="J. Keith Motley">J. Keith Motley</a> (2007–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Mills_(college_president)" title="Barry Mills (college president)">Barry Mills</a> (2017–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Newman" title="Katherine Newman">Katherine Newman</a> (2018–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Su%C3%A1rez-Orozco" title="Marcelo Suárez-Orozco">Marcelo Suárez-Orozco</a> (2020–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005A8B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A0CFEB, inset -2px -2px 0 #A0CFEB;;width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_State_College" title="Boston State College">Boston State College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._McCormack_Graduate_School_of_Policy_and_Global_Studies" title="John W. McCormack Graduate School of Policy and Global Studies">John W. McCormack Graduate School of Policy and Global Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_England_Quarterly" title="The New England Quarterly">The New England Quarterly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Square_(Boston)" title="Park Square (Boston)">Park Square</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armory_of_the_First_Corps_of_Cadets" title="Armory of the First Corps of Cadets">Armory of the First Corps of Cadets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Park_Plaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Park Plaza">Boston Park Plaza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WUMB-FM" title="WUMB-FM">WUMB-FM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#005A8B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A0CFEB, inset -2px -2px 0 #A0CFEB;"><div>Italics indicates interim chancellor</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1024037#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1024037#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1024037#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/162385983">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81022185">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb145544329">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb145544329">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge679013&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007552782105171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/7d581b35-b8ed-4e89-9e23-a21a8dddd106">MusicBrainz area</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&oldid=1255606925">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&oldid=1255606925</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dorchester,_Boston" title="Category:Dorchester, Boston">Dorchester, Boston</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Populated_places_established_in_1630" title="Category:Populated places established in 1630">Populated places established in 1630</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Neighborhoods_in_Boston" title="Category:Neighborhoods in Boston">Neighborhoods in Boston</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_municipalities_in_Boston" title="Category:Former municipalities in Boston">Former municipalities in Boston</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish-American_neighborhoods" title="Category:Irish-American neighborhoods">Irish-American neighborhoods</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Streetcar_suburbs" title="Category:Streetcar suburbs">Streetcar suburbs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Defunct_towns_in_Massachusetts" title="Category:Defunct towns in Massachusetts">Defunct towns in Massachusetts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Boston" title="Category:History of Boston">History of Boston</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1630_establishments_in_the_Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Category:1630 establishments in the Massachusetts Bay Colony">1630 establishments in the Massachusetts Bay Colony</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Little_Saigons" title="Category:Little Saigons">Little Saigons</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Populated_coastal_places_in_Massachusetts" title="Category:Populated coastal places in Massachusetts">Populated coastal places in Massachusetts</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_non-numeric_formatnum_arguments" title="Category:Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments">Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">CS1 maint: archived copy as title</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_periodical_ignored" title="Category:CS1 errors: periodical ignored">CS1 errors: periodical ignored</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_December_2016" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from December 2016">Articles with dead external links from December 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_February_2024" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from February 2024">Articles with dead external links from February 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_settlement_with_possible_motto_list" title="Category:Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list">Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_settlement_with_possible_area_code_list" title="Category:Pages using infobox settlement with possible area code list">Pages using infobox settlement with possible area code list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2018" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018">Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_November_2010" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2010">Articles with unsourced statements from November 2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_archiveis_links" title="Category:Webarchive template archiveis links">Webarchive template archiveis links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_hidden_wikidata" title="Category:Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata">Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_default_search" title="Category:Pages using Sister project links with default search">Pages using Sister project links with default search</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 5 November 2024, at 20:13 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dorchester,_Boston&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ftkqq","wgBackendResponseTime":160,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.454","walltime":"1.801","ppvisitednodes":{"value":12394,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":274996,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":20814,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":399486,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1452.146 1 -total"," 36.81% 534.477 1 Template:Reflist"," 20.23% 293.765 64 Template:Cite_web"," 17.91% 260.096 1 Template:Infobox_settlement"," 14.74% 213.994 1 Template:Infobox"," 7.76% 112.714 2 Template:Navbox"," 6.86% 99.552 1 Template:Short_description"," 5.91% 85.775 1 Template:BostonMA"," 5.06% 73.488 29 Template:Main_other"," 5.00% 72.540 19 Template:Cite_book"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.745","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":12223922,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.canary-687bc74f68-6qn54","timestamp":"20241122141917","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Dorchester, Boston","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dorchester,_Boston","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1024037","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1024037","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-04-07T13:57:37Z","dateModified":"2024-11-05T20:13:49Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e9\/UMass_Boston_campus.jpg","headline":"neighborhood in Boston, Massachusetts"}</script> </body> </html>