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вид</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ab.wikipedia.org&uselang=ab" class=""><span>Ацхыраара зылшо</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C&returnto=%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1" title="Мы предлагаем вам создать учётную запись и войти в систему, хотя это и не обязательно." class=""><span>Аҳасабрбатә нҵамҭа аԥҵатәуп</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%92%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4&returnto=%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1" title="Здесь можно зарегистрироваться в системе, но это необязательно. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Иҭалатәуп</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больше возможностей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ахаҭатә маругақәа" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ахаҭатә маругақәа</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Пользовательское меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ab.wikipedia.org&uselang=ab"><span>Ацхыраара зылшо</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C&returnto=%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1" title="Мы предлагаем вам создать учётную запись и войти в систему, хотя это и не обязательно."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Аҳасабрбатә нҵамҭа аԥҵатәуп</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%92%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4&returnto=%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1" title="Здесь можно зарегистрироваться в системе, но это необязательно. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Иҭалатәуп</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страницы для неавторизованных редакторов <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%86%D1%85%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Подробнее о редактировании"><span>узнать больше</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Список правок, сделанных с этого IP-адреса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Алагалақәа</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%86%D3%99%D0%B0%D0%B6%D3%99%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Страница обсуждений для моего IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Ахцәажәара</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eскрыть\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"ab\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Адаҟьа Иԥсабаратәым абызшәа аԥҵара</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang mw-portlet-lang-icon-only" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector-empty" aria-label="Данная статья существует только на этом языке. Добавьте статью для других языков" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-portlet-lang-heading-empty" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Абызшәақәа рыцҵатәуп</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="mw-portlet-empty-language-selector-body"> Содержимое страницы недоступно на других языках. </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Хьыӡҳәалатәи аҭыԥқәа"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Просмотреть контентную страницу (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам) [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Адаҟьа</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%85%D1%86%D3%99%D0%B0%D0%B6%D3%99%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0:%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Обсуждение основной страницы (ари адаҟьа иҟаӡам) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Ахцәажәара</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Изменить вариант языка" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">аԥсшәа</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Аарԥшрақәа"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0&veaction=edit" title="Create this page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Арҿиара</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="selected collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0&action=edit" title="Создать страницу в редакторе исходного текста"><span>Акод аԥҵатәуп</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Инструменты для страниц"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Амаругақәа" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Амаругақәа</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Инструменты</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скрыть</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Больше возможностей" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Действия </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0&veaction=edit" title="Create this page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Арҿиара</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="selected collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0&action=edit" title="Создать страницу в редакторе исходного текста [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Акод аԥҵатәуп</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Общие </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B0/%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Список всех страниц, ссылающихся на данную [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Арахьтәи азхьарԥшқәа</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ab" title="Афаилқәа аҭагалара [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Афаил аҭагалара</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%9F%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Список служебных страниц [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Испециалу адаҟьа</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D4%A5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0&action=info" title="Подробнее об этой странице"><span>Адаҟьа адырра</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fab.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25D0%2598%25D4%25A5%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D3%2599%25D1%258B%25D0%25BC_%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B1%25D1%258B%25D0%25B7%25D1%2588%25D3%2599%25D0%25B0%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1"><span>Получить короткий URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fab.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25D0%2598%25D4%25A5%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D3%2599%25D1%258B%25D0%25BC_%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B1%25D1%258B%25D0%25B7%25D1%2588%25D3%2599%25D0%25B0%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1"><span>Скачать QR-код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> В других проектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Инструменты для страниц"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Внешний вид"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Внешний вид</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скрыть</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><p>Редактор сейчас загрузится. 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