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title="Konservator – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Konservator" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konservator" title="Konservator – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Konservator" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservador-restaurador" title="Conservador-restaurador – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Conservador-restaurador" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konzervator_restaurator" title="Konzervator restaurator – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Konzervator restaurator" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservatore-restauratore" title="Conservatore-restauratore – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Conservatore-restauratore" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%A8_(%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A2)" title="משמר (מקצוע) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="משמר (מקצוע)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Конзерватор реставратор – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Конзерватор реставратор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konservator" title="Konservator – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Konservator" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konservator" title="Konservator – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Konservator" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konserwator_zabytk%C3%B3w" title="Konserwator zabytków – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Konserwator zabytków" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservador-restaurador" title="Conservador-restaurador – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Conservador-restaurador" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konservaattori" title="Konservaattori – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Konservaattori" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konservator" title="Konservator – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Konservator" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konservat%C3%B6r" title="Konservatör – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Konservatör" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Professional responsible for the preservation of artistic and cultural artifacts</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Conservation-restoration_of_cultural_heritage" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation-restoration of cultural heritage">Conservation-restoration of cultural heritage</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Antiques_restoration.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Antiques_restoration.jpg/220px-Antiques_restoration.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Antiques_restoration.jpg/330px-Antiques_restoration.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Antiques_restoration.jpg/440px-Antiques_restoration.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1952" data-file-height="2608" /></a><figcaption>Paintings restoration</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>conservator-restorer</b> is a professional responsible for the <a href="/wiki/Conservation-restoration_of_cultural_heritage" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation-restoration of cultural heritage">preservation of artistic and cultural artifacts</a>, also known as <a href="/wiki/Cultural_heritage" title="Cultural heritage">cultural heritage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conservators possess the expertise to preserve cultural heritage in a way that retains the integrity of the object, building or site, including its historical significance, context and aesthetic or visual aspects.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This kind of preservation is done by analyzing and assessing the condition of cultural property, understanding processes and evidence of deterioration, planning <a href="/wiki/Collections_care" class="mw-redirect" title="Collections care">collections care</a> or site management strategies that prevent damage, carrying out conservation treatments, and conducting research.<sup id="cite_ref-Careers2014_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A conservator's job is to ensure that the objects in a museum's collection are kept in the best possible condition, as well as to serve the museum's mission to bring art before the <a href="/wiki/Public" title="Public">public</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neuman2011-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conservation_and_restoration">Conservation and restoration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservator-restorer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Conservation and restoration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Essentially, the term "conservation" refers to a manner of care or treatment that repairs damage and also takes action to prevent or slow down further deterioration of an object.<sup id="cite_ref-Landry2000_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landry2000-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term "restoration" refers to a manner of care or treatment in which the goal is to bring an object back to its original appearance or function.<sup id="cite_ref-Landry2000_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landry2000-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Restoration" can be part of the care and treatment of an object and is a subset of the umbrella term "conservation".<sup id="cite_ref-Landry2000_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landry2000-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both terms come into play when it comes to the treatment and care of all cultural heritage. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Responsibilities_and_duties">Responsibilities and duties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservator-restorer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Responsibilities and duties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian-museum-conservation-department-092.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Russian-museum-conservation-department-092.jpg/220px-Russian-museum-conservation-department-092.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Russian-museum-conservation-department-092.jpg/330px-Russian-museum-conservation-department-092.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Russian-museum-conservation-department-092.jpg/440px-Russian-museum-conservation-department-092.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2151" data-file-height="1875" /></a><figcaption>Use of a microscope to examine the condition of an artwork</figcaption></figure> <p>Conservators and restorers care for, manage, treat, preserve, and document many different historical items including <a href="/wiki/Cultural_artifact" title="Cultural artifact">artifacts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Art" title="Art">art</a>, and specimens.<sup id="cite_ref-Baker2015_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baker2015-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Examining artifacts, both visually and using scientific tools such as x-rays, infrared photography and microscopic analysis to determine the extent and causes of deterioration.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conservation science (sometimes called museum science) aids every aspect of a museum's mission to study its collections, both inside and out of the laboratory.<sup id="cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neuman2011-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Maintaining full conservation records by documenting the condition of an object or site, including any previous restoration work and to outline treatment methods and materials in detail.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Documentation ensures the careful recording of treatment procedures and materials so there can be no misunderstanding in the future about what is part of the original work of art and what has been added or altered by the conservator<sup id="cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neuman2011-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Producing a visual record of the object for identification purposes and to illustrate its condition.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The examination of the object, treatment proposal, and the actual treatment is documented with written reports and photographs<sup id="cite_ref-Landry2000_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landry2000-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Monitoring and recording display and storage conditions with the aim of keeping objects in a stable condition.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Preservation is the ultimate goal of conservation. By taking into account the possible day-to-day stresses caused by an object's environment, museum conservators do their best to preserve art for generations to come.<sup id="cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neuman2011-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Proposing and estimating the costs of treatments to halt decay and stabilize an artifact.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conservators, present a proposal for work to be done as well as a report on the completion of the treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-Landry2000_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landry2000-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Restoration to bring a deteriorated or damaged object or structure closer to a previous or assumed appearance or function.<sup id="cite_ref-Careers2014_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although conservators cannot exactly recapture the original appearance, they are able to make highly educated decisions about how to restore an object if they identify the materials from which it was made and fully understand their properties.<sup id="cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neuman2011-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Organizing the logistics of long-term projects and collaborating with other conservators.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This collaboration can take place when items are on loan or when outside help is needed for complex conservation projects.</li> <li>Working out creative solutions to clean, support and repair sensitive objects.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ultimately, just as every object is unique, every conservation decision must be considered on its own and on a case-by-case basis.<sup id="cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neuman2011-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Developing and maintaining appropriate standards within the specialist area.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Critical information can be lost and an object permanently damaged when things are cared for without basic guidelines and information.<sup id="cite_ref-Landry2000_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landry2000-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Keeping up to date with the latest conservation techniques and practices, through research and training.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conservation is a young profession, which means it continues to evolve over time and conservators must be able to keep up to date with the latest trends.</li> <li>Advising on procedures for the safe exhibition and travel of cultural materials . Museum conservators strive to maintain the integrity of each work of art throughout its life, whenever it is handled, stored, displayed, or shipped to other locations for exhibitions.<sup id="cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neuman2011-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Direct and supervise curatorial, technical, and student staff in the handling, mounting, care, and storage of art objects.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other museum departments look to conservators and restorers for direction on safety procedures when it comes to objects in the museum's collection.</li> <li>Recommend preservation procedures, such as control of temperature and humidity, to curatorial and building staff.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most important step you can take to ensure the preservation of any collection is to create a safe display and storage environment that will not cause further deterioration of the objects.<sup id="cite_ref-Landry2000_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landry2000-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Knowledge_and_skills">Knowledge and skills</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservator-restorer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Knowledge and skills"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Working knowledge of the vocabulary of conservation and scientific methodology in order to effectively examine an object, assess its state, understand its history, and articulate its needs.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Must have a firm grasp of philosophical precepts expressed in the AIC Code of Ethics and Guidelines for Practice (in the United States) in order to formulate a treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The conservator must understand that it's important to respect the integrity of the object and that his or her actions should not jeopardize the long-term preservation of the object.</li> <li>Understanding and appreciation of the aesthetic, cultural, economic, historical, political, religious, scientific, and social values of objects, buildings and sites.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This understanding and appreciation are critically important when devising preservation and conservation plans, strategies, and treatments.</li> <li>Working knowledge of how materials constituting cultural heritage were acquired, modified, processed, or manufactured and how craft or manufacturing techniques and processes have evolved through time.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Possess knowledge of the chemical and physical properties and long-term behavior of a wide range of materials and whether these materials were used in the original fabrication of an object or in its subsequent treatment and preservation.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Must be aware of issues that arise from the ways that culturally significant materials will be accessed or used by society.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Knowledge of the context in which cultural heritage is used, as context may be critically important to understanding its condition, formulating appropriate treatment and recommending future care.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Knowledgeable about safety in the workplace and must carry out his or her practice in compliance with federal, state, and logical regulations.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Working knowledge of scientific principles as they apply to conservation, including how to access and use scientific literature and how to assess the validity of published research in conservation and allied fields.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ability to recognize and understand the changes that occur in cultural heritage over time and be able to distinguish the cause of the changes (natural, chemical, physical, biological, or by human influence).<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Versed in the many ways in which light, relative humidity, temperature, and pollutants can influence the long-term preservation of cultural heritage and must be familiar with techniques, equipment, and resources that can assist in managing these important environmental factors<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ability to conduct a safe, thorough examination of cultural materials in order to gather relevant information about their condition and to formulate an appropriate plan for preservation and treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Know which tools and techniques are appropriate, how extensive the examination should be, and how or whether to perform external, intrusive, and occasionally destructive sampling.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Understand the purposes of documentation and must be knowledgeable and proficient in appropriate methods of written and pictorial documentation as well as in the maintenance and preservation of the body of information produced during examination and treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Awareness of various treatment methods available as well as their effects on different types of cultural heritage, based on an understanding of condition, natural use, cultural, historic, and scientific significance, and, if applicable, the artist's or maker's intent.<sup id="cite_ref-Defining2003_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education_and_training">Education and training</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservator-restorer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Education and training"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Undergraduate_and_graduate_education">Undergraduate and graduate education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservator-restorer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Undergraduate and graduate education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Conservators can receive training through apprenticeships, internships and graduate programs. In order to be accepted into a graduate program in the United States, they will need to fulfill some undergraduate prerequisites. This includes undergraduate coursework in science, the humanities (art history, anthropology, and archaeology), and studio art.<sup id="cite_ref-Careers2014_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some graduate programs may also require internship, volunteer, apprenticeship, or paid conservation experience.<sup id="cite_ref-Careers2014_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many may also require a personal interview where candidates are asked to present a portfolio of art and conservation project work that demonstrates manual dexterity and familiarity with techniques and materials.<sup id="cite_ref-Careers2014_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Graduate programs generally require two to four years of study, which can also include a full-time internship in the final year where students work under the guidance of experienced conservators.<sup id="cite_ref-Careers2014_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also a limited number of Ph.D. programs for advanced study in conservation.<sup id="cite_ref-Careers2014_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conservation-related programs are described on the websites of the AIC,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the National Council for Preservation Education (NCPE),<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_American_Archivists_(SAA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of American Archivists (SAA)">Society of American Archivists (SAA)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-graduate_fellowships">Post-graduate fellowships</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservator-restorer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Post-graduate fellowships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Post-graduate fellowships have also been cited as valuable experiences in their professional development.<sup id="cite_ref-Careers2014_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These fellowships provide intensive research, practice, and exposure to diverse professional staff or significant collections.<sup id="cite_ref-Careers2014_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A few institutions that offer fellowships include the <a href="/wiki/Getty_Foundation" title="Getty Foundation">Getty Foundation</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Museum_Conservation_Institute" title="Museum Conservation Institute">Smithsonian's Museum Conservation Institute</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Straus Center of <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Art_Museums" title="Harvard Art Museums">Harvard Art Museums</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Continued_professional_development">Continued professional development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservator-restorer&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Continued professional development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The specialty of conservation is ever-changing and evolving, which means that practicing conservators must stay up-to-date of advances in technology and methodology.<sup id="cite_ref-Careers2014_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conservators usually expand their knowledge through reading publications, attending professional meetings, and enrolling in short-term workshops or courses.<sup id="cite_ref-Careers2014_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> AIC offers many workshops, conferences, and online courses and tutorials.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conservation OnLine (CoOL) also offers resources for conservation professionals.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Areas_of_specialty">Areas of specialty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservator-restorer&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Areas of specialty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some conservators specialize in a particular material or group of objects, such as archaeology, ceramics and glass, furniture and wood, gilding and decorative surfaces, historic interiors, metals, paintings, paper and books, photographic materials, stained glass, stone and wall paintings, textiles, sculptures, architecture, time-based art and new media.<sup id="cite_ref-Careers2014_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeological_conservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeological conservation">Archaeological conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architectural_conservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Architectural conservation">Architectural conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_books,_manuscripts,_documents_and_ephemera" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation and restoration of books, manuscripts, documents and ephemera">Books, manuscripts, and documentation conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_ceramic_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of ceramic objects">Ceramic conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_glass_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of glass objects">Glass conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_garden_conservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Historic garden conservation">Historic garden conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_preservation" title="Historic preservation">Historic Site conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_ivory_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of ivory objects">Ivory conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_metals" title="Conservation and restoration of metals">Metal conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_musical_instruments" title="Conservation and restoration of musical instruments">Musical instrument conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paintings_conservator" title="Paintings conservator">Painting conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservator_of_photographs" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservator of photographs">Photograph conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_conservator" title="Textile conservator">Textile conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_wooden_furniture" title="Conservation and restoration of wooden furniture">Wooden furniture conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_time-based_media_art" title="Conservation and restoration of time-based media art">Time-Based Media conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_new_media_art" title="Conservation and restoration of new media art">New Media conservation</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ceramics_conservation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Ceramics_conservation.jpg/220px-Ceramics_conservation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Ceramics_conservation.jpg/330px-Ceramics_conservation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Ceramics_conservation.jpg/440px-Ceramics_conservation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="442" /></a><figcaption>Ceramics conservation</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ethics">Ethics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservator-restorer&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ethics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The primary goal for conservators and restorers is the preservation of cultural property. In order to achieve this goal, conservators abide by a code of ethics and guidelines that establish the principles that guide conservation professionals and others who are involved in the care of cultural property. An example of a code of ethics and guidelines for practice were created by the <a href="/wiki/American_Institute_for_Conservation" title="American Institute for Conservation">American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the most important principles in a conservator's code of ethics is that treatments should be reversible, which means that one must be able to undo any treatment in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neuman2011-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conservators strive to only minimize interventions and not completely alter an object during restoration. Conservation focuses on the material aspects of art, and respect for original materials remains a crucial element of the field's ethics.<sup id="cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neuman2011-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Professional_organizations">Professional organizations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservator-restorer&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Professional organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conservation-us.org/">American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ica-artconservation.org/">Art Conservation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aiccm.org.au/">The Australian Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Material (AICCM)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icom-cc.org/">International Council of Museums – Committee for Conservation(ICOM-CC)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180611132659/https://www.iiconservation.org/">International Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (ICC)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160327224502/http://canada.pch.gc.ca/eng/1454704828075">Canadian Conservation Institute</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140430043253/https://www.cac-accr.ca/home">Canadian Association for Conservation (CAC)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icon.org.uk">Institute of Conservation (UK)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservator-restorer&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conservation-us.org/about-conservation#.WSymX8m1tPs">About Conservation: What is conservation? What is a conservator?</a>". American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC). www.conservation-us.org. Retrieved 2017-05-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Defining2003-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Defining2003_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Defining the Conservator: Essential Competencies. (2003). Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.conservation-us.org/docs/default-source/governance/defining-the-conservator-essential-competencies.pdf">http://www.conservation-us.org/docs/default-source/governance/defining-the-conservator-essential-competencies.pdf</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Careers2014-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Careers2014_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Careers2014_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Careers2014_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Careers2014_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Careers2014_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Careers2014_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Careers2014_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Careers2014_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Careers2014_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Careers2014_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Careers2014_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Careers2014_3-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Careers in Conservation. (2014). Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.conservation-us.org/publications-resources/careers-in-conservation/become-a-conservator#.VPPIxMaLTwN">http://www.conservation-us.org/publications-resources/careers-in-conservation/become-a-conservator#.VPPIxMaLTwN</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Neuman2011-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neuman2011_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Neuman, R. (2011). MFA Highlights: Conservation and Care of Museum Collections. Boston, MA: Museum of Fine Arts.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Landry2000-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Landry2000_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Landry2000_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Landry2000_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Landry2000_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Landry2000_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Landry2000_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Landry2000_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Landry, G. (2000). The Winterthur Guide to Caring for Your Collection. Winterthur, Delaware, DE: Winterthur Museum.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Baker2015-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Baker2015_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baker, G. D. (2015). How to Become a Museum Conservator. Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://collegemouse.com/jobs/how-to-become-a-museum-conservator.html">http://collegemouse.com/jobs/how-to-become-a-museum-conservator.html</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johnston2013-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston2013_7-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Johnston, L. (2013). Museum/gallery conservator job description. Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.prospects.ac.uk/museum_gallery_conservator_job_description.htm">http://www.prospects.ac.uk/museum_gallery_conservator_job_description.htm</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conservation-us.org/jobs/become-a-conservator#.WSycysm1tPt">Careers in Conservation: Become a Conservator</a>". American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC). www.conservation-us.org. Retrieved 2017-05-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncpe.us/program-list/">Academic Programs</a>". National Council for Preservation Education (NCPE). www.ncpe.us. Retrieved 2017-05-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.archivists.org/dae">Directory of Archival Education</a>". Society of American Archivists (SAA). www.archivists.org. Retrieved 2017-05-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.getty.edu/foundation/initiatives/current/gradinterns/">Graduate Internships</a>". The Getty Foundation. www.getty.edu. Retrieved 2017-05-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.si.edu/mci/english/professional_development/fellowships_internships.html">Fellowships & Internships</a>". Smithsonian Museum Conservation Institute. www.si.edu/mci. Retrieved 2017-05-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.harvardartmuseums.org/teaching-and-research/research-centers/straus-center-for-conservation-and-technical-studies">Straus Center for Conservation and Technical Studies</a>". Harvard Art Museums. www.harvardartmuseums.org. Retrieved 2017-05-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conservation-us.org/courses#.WSykcMm1tPt">Professional Development Courses in Conservation Education</a>". American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC). www.conservation-us.org. Retrieved 2017-05-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cool.conservation-us.org/">Welcome to CoOL</a>". Conservation OnLine (CoOL). cool.conservation-us.org. Retrieved 2017-05-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conservation-us.org/about-us/core-documents/code-of-ethics#.VPPM0saLTwM">Code of Ethics and Guidelines for Practive</a>" (2015). American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC). www.conservation-us.org. Retrieved 2017-05-29.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservator-restorer&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Restorers" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Restorers">Restorers</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/about_us/departments/conservation_and_science.aspx">British Museum Conservation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/research/conservation-and-scientific-research">Metropolitan Museum of Art Conservation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mfa.org/collections/conservation-and-collections-management">Museum of Fine Arts Conservation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/25-4013.00">O-NET OnLine Summary Report for Museum Technicians and Conservators</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.si.edu/mci/index.html">Smithsonian Museum Conservation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160327224502/http://canada.pch.gc.ca/eng/1454704828075">Canadian Conservation Institute</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spotlightoncareers.org/career/museums/">Spotlight on Careers: Museums</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icom-cc.org/47/about-icom-cc/definition-of-profession/#.VTW7d2aLRm4">The Conservator-Restorer: A Definition of the Profession</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sokanu.com/careers/museum-conservator/">What does a Museum Conservator do?</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Art_world" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Art world"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Visual_arts_and_the_art_world" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Visual_arts" title="Visual arts">Visual arts</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Art_world" title="Art world">art world</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artwork</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appropriation_(art)" title="Appropriation (art)">Appropriation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collage" title="Collage">Collage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">Conceptual art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_artifact" title="Cultural artifact">Cultural artifact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drawing" title="Drawing">Drawing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fine_art" title="Fine art">Fine art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fine-art_photography" title="Fine-art photography">Fine-art photograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_object" title="Found object">Found object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Installation_art" title="Installation art">Installation art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinetic_art" title="Kinetic art">Kinetic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_media" title="Mixed media">Mixed media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bricolage" title="Bricolage">bricolage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mural" title="Mural">Mural</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">fresco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graffiti" title="Graffiti">graffiti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_media_art" title="New media art">New media art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_art_history" title="Media art history">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_art" title="Digital art">digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_art" title="Virtual art">virtual</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painting" title="Painting">Painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Performance_art" title="Performance art">Performance art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_arts" title="Plastic arts">Plastic arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">Portrait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Printmaking" title="Printmaking">Printmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_art" title="Public art">Public art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Street_art" title="Street art">street art</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture">Sculpture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carving" title="Carving">carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relief" title="Relief">relief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue" title="Statue">statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_statues" title="List of tallest statues">tallest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Site-specific_art" title="Site-specific art">Site-specific art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_sculpture" title="Social sculpture">Social sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_sculpture" title="Soft sculpture">Soft sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">Stained glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artwork_title" title="Artwork title">Artwork title</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Roles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artist" title="Artist">Artist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_collection" title="Private collection">Collector</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Conservator-restorer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paintings_conservator" title="Paintings conservator">paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_frescos" title="Conservation and restoration of frescos">frescos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_critic" title="Art critic">Critic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curator" title="Curator">Curator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_dealer" title="Art dealer">Dealer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_(art)" title="Model (art)">Model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patronage" title="Patronage">Patron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_arts_education" title="Visual arts education">Visual arts education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_universities_and_colleges_in_Europe" title="List of art universities and colleges in Europe">Europe</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places<br />and events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_auction" title="Art auction">Art auction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_colony" title="Art colony">Art colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_commune" class="mw-redirect" title="Art commune">Art commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_exhibition" title="Art exhibition">Art exhibition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_exhibition_space" title="Alternative exhibition space">alternative exhibition space</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_gallery" title="Art gallery">Art gallery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_art_gallery" title="Contemporary art gallery">Contemporary art gallery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_museum" title="Art museum">Art museum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Single-artist_museum" title="Single-artist museum">Single-artist museum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_school" title="Art school">Art school</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_schools_in_Europe" title="List of art schools in Europe">Europe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_centre" title="Arts centre">Arts centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_festival" title="Arts festival">Arts festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artist_collective" title="Artist collective">Artist collective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artist_cooperative" title="Artist cooperative">Artist cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artist-in-residence" title="Artist-in-residence">Artist-in-residence program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artist-run_initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Artist-run initiative">Artist-run initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artist-run_space" title="Artist-run space">Artist-run space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biennale" title="Biennale">Biennale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_(art)" title="Commission (art)">Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpture_garden" title="Sculpture garden">Sculpture garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpture_trail" title="Sculpture trail">Sculpture trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_museum" title="Virtual museum">Virtual museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_art" title="History of art">History of art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_art" title="Timeline of art">Timeline of art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_history" title="Art history">Art history (academic study)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_manifesto" title="Art manifesto">Art manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_movement" title="Art movement">Art movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_criticism" title="Art criticism">Criticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_art_criticism" title="Feminist art criticism">feminist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_painting" title="History of painting">History of painting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_painting_history" title="Outline of painting history">outline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periods_in_Western_art_history" title="Periods in Western art history">Periods in Western art history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_20th_century_printmaking_in_America" title="Timeline of 20th century printmaking in America">Timeline of 20th century printmaking in America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_market" title="Art market">Art market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_arts" title="The arts">The arts</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_raisonn%C3%A9" title="Catalogue raisonné">Catalogue raisonné</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classificatory_disputes_about_art" title="Classificatory disputes about art">Classificatory disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_Management_Policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Collection Management Policy">Museum collection management</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deaccessioning_(museum)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deaccessioning (museum)">deaccessioning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_cultural_heritage" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation and restoration of cultural heritage">Conservation-restoration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_paintings" title="Conservation and restoration of paintings">paintings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_policy" title="Cultural policy">Cultural policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destination_painting" title="Destination painting">Destination painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclecticism_in_art" title="Eclecticism in art">Eclecticism in art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economics_of_the_arts_and_literature" title="Economics of the arts and literature">Economics of art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_finance" title="Art finance">art finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_valuation" title="Art valuation">art valuation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elements_of_art" title="Elements of art">Elements of art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_painting-related_articles" title="Index of painting-related articles">Index of painting-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_visual_arts" title="Outline of the visual arts">Outline of the visual arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_painting" title="Outline of painting">painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_sculpture" title="Outline of sculpture">sculpture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provenance" title="Provenance">Provenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_art" title="Sociology of art">Sociology of art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Style_(visual_arts)" title="Style (visual arts)">Style</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_magazines" title="List of art magazines">Art magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_media" title="List of art media">Art media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_techniques" title="List of art techniques">Art techniques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_movements" title="List of art movements">Art movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_museums" title="List of art museums">Art museums</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_art_museums" title="List of largest art museums">largest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-visited_art_museums" title="List of most-visited art museums">most visited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sculpture_parks" title="List of sculpture parks">sculpture parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_single-artist_museums" title="List of single-artist museums">single artist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_reference_books" title="List of art reference books">Art reference books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colossal_sculptures_in_situ" title="List of colossal sculptures in situ">Colossal sculptures in situ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_contemporary_artists" title="List of contemporary artists">Contemporary artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_contemporary_art_galleries" title="List of contemporary art galleries">Contemporary art galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_artists" title="List of modern artists">Modern artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_galleries" title="List of national galleries">National galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_painters" title="Lists of painters">Painters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_painters_by_name" title="List of painters by name">by name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_painters_by_nationality" title="Lists of painters by nationality">by nationality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_photographers" title="List of photographers">Photographers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sculptors" title="List of sculptors">Sculptors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_sculptors" title="List of female sculptors">female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stolen_paintings" title="List of stolen paintings">Stolen paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_paintings" title="List of most expensive paintings">Most expensive paintings</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_sculptures" title="List of most expensive sculptures">sculptures</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_artworks_by_living_artists" title="List of most expensive artworks by living artists">works by living artists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Painting" title="Portal:Painting">Painting portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Visual_arts" title="Portal:Visual arts">Visual arts portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Arts">Arts portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cultural_heritage_and_historic_preservation" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cultural_Conservation-Restoration" title="Template:Cultural Conservation-Restoration"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cultural_Conservation-Restoration" title="Template talk:Cultural Conservation-Restoration"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cultural_Conservation-Restoration" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cultural Conservation-Restoration"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cultural_heritage_and_historic_preservation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_heritage" title="Cultural heritage">Cultural heritage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Historic_preservation" title="Historic preservation">historic preservation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics<br /> and issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agents_of_deterioration" title="Agents of deterioration">Agents of deterioration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archival_processing" title="Archival processing">Archival processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeological_science" title="Archaeological science">Archaeological science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archive" title="Archive">Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioarchaeology" title="Bioarchaeology">Bioarchaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book" title="Book">Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_(archives)" title="Calendar (archives)">Calendar (archives)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_cultural_property" title="Conservation and restoration of cultural property">Conservation and restoration of cultural property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_immovable_cultural_property" title="Conservation and restoration of immovable cultural property">Conservation and restoration of immovable cultural property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_movable_cultural_property" title="Conservation and restoration of movable cultural property">Conservation and restoration of movable cultural property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_science_(cultural_property)" title="Conservation science (cultural property)">Conservation science (cultural property)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collecting" title="Collecting">Collecting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_(museum)" title="Collection (museum)">Collection (museum)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_catalog" title="Collection catalog">Collection catalog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collections_maintenance" title="Collections maintenance">Collections maintenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collections_management" title="Collections management">Collections management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collections_management_system" title="Collections management system">Collections management system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_heritage" title="Cultural heritage">Cultural heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_heritage_management" title="Cultural heritage management">Cultural heritage management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_property" title="Cultural property">Cultural property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_property_documentation" title="Cultural property documentation">Cultural property documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_property_exhibition" title="Cultural property exhibition">Cultural property exhibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_property_imaging" title="Cultural property imaging">Cultural property imaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_property_storage" title="Cultural property storage">Cultural property storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_resources_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultural resources management">Cultural resources management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Database_preservation" title="Database preservation">Database preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deaccessioning_(museum)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deaccessioning (museum)">Deaccessioning (museum)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_library" title="Digital library">Digital library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_photograph_restoration" title="Digital photograph restoration">Digital photograph restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_preservation" title="Digital preservation">Digital preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disaster_preparedness_(cultural_property)" title="Disaster preparedness (cultural property)">Disaster preparedness (cultural property)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_preservation" title="Film preservation">Film preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finding_aid" title="Finding aid">Finding aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fonds" title="Fonds">Fonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_in_collection" title="Found in collection">Found in collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_asset" title="Heritage asset">Heritage asset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_science" title="Heritage science">Heritage science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inherent_vice" title="Inherent vice">Inherent vice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intangible_cultural_heritage" title="Intangible cultural heritage">Intangible cultural heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_pest_management_(cultural_property)" title="Integrated pest management (cultural property)">Integrated pest management (cultural property)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inventory_(library_and_archive)" title="Inventory (library and archive)">Inventory (library and archive)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inventory_(museum)" class="mw-redirect" title="Inventory (museum)">Inventory (museum)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_preservation" title="Media preservation">Media preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midden" title="Midden">Midden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mold_control_and_prevention_(library_and_archive)" title="Mold control and prevention (library and archive)">Mold control and prevention (library and archive)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum" title="Museum">Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_media_preservation" title="Optical media preservation">Optical media preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preservation_(library_and_archive)" title="Preservation (library and archive)">Preservation (library and archive)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preservation_metadata" title="Preservation metadata">Preservation metadata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preservation_survey" title="Preservation survey">Preservation survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provenance" title="Provenance">Provenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repatriation_(cultural_property)" title="Repatriation (cultural property)">Repatriation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruins" title="Ruins">Ruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_preservation" title="Sustainable preservation">Sustainable preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasure" title="Treasure">Treasure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_archiving" title="Web archiving">Web archiving</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Roles<br /> and expertise</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archivist" title="Archivist">Archivist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_dealer" title="Art dealer">Art dealer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_handler" title="Art handler">Art handler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auctioneer" class="mw-redirect" title="Auctioneer">Auctioneer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_manager" title="Collection manager">Collection manager</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Conservator-restorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_scientist" title="Conservation scientist">Conservation scientist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_technician" title="Conservation technician">Conservation technician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curator" title="Curator">Curator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exhibition_designer" title="Exhibition designer">Exhibition designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_maker" title="Mount maker">Mount maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objects_conservator" title="Objects conservator">Objects conservator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paintings_conservator" title="Paintings conservator">Paintings conservator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photograph_conservator" title="Photograph conservator">Photograph conservator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preservationist" title="Preservationist">Preservationist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Registrar_(cultural_property)" title="Registrar (cultural property)">Registrar (cultural property)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_conservator" title="Textile conservator">Textile conservator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Methods<br /> and techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aging_(artwork)" title="Aging (artwork)">Aging (artwork)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastylosis" title="Anastylosis">Anastylosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrested_decay" title="Arrested decay">Arrested decay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cradling_(paintings)" title="Cradling (paintings)">Cradling (paintings)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_property_radiography" title="Cultural property radiography">Cultural property radiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detachment_of_wall_paintings" title="Detachment of wall paintings">Detachment of wall paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmet_method" title="Desmet method">Desmet method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Display_case" title="Display case">Display case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_repository_audit_method_based_on_risk_assessment" title="Digital repository audit method based on risk assessment">Digital repository audit method based on risk assessment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_paint_analysis" title="Historic paint analysis">Historic paint analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inpainting" title="Inpainting">Inpainting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kintsugi" title="Kintsugi">Kintsugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leafcasting" title="Leafcasting">Leafcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lining_of_paintings" title="Lining of paintings">Lining of paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_deacidification" title="Mass deacidification">Mass deacidification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overpainting" title="Overpainting">Overpainting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-inspiration" title="Paleo-inspiration">Paleo-inspiration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_splitting" title="Paper splitting">Paper splitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_(architecture)" title="Reconstruction (architecture)">Reconstruction (architecture)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rissverklebung" title="Rissverklebung">Rissverklebung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_stabilization" title="Textile stabilization">Textile stabilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfer_of_panel_paintings" title="Transfer of panel paintings">Transfer of panel paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UVC-based_preservation" title="UVC-based preservation">UVC-based preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VisualAudio" title="VisualAudio">VisualAudio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_immovable_cultural_property" title="Conservation and restoration of immovable cultural property">Conservation<br /> and restoration<br /> of immovable <br /> cultural property</a><br /> by item type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_archaeological_sites" title="Conservation and restoration of archaeological sites">Archaeological sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_frescos" title="Conservation and restoration of frescos">Frescos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_railway" title="Heritage railway">Heritage railways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_historic_gardens" title="Conservation and restoration of historic gardens">Historic gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_outdoor_artworks" title="Conservation and restoration of outdoor artworks">Outdoor artworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_outdoor_bronze_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of outdoor bronze objects">Outdoor bronze objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_outdoor_murals" title="Conservation and restoration of outdoor murals">Outdoor murals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_movable_cultural_property" title="Conservation and restoration of movable cultural property">Conservation<br /> and restoration<br /> of movable <br /> cultural property</a><br /> by item type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation and restoration of aircraft">Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_ancient_Greek_pottery" title="Conservation and restoration of ancient Greek pottery">Ancient Greek pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_bone,_horn,_and_antler_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of bone, horn, and antler objects">Bone, horn, and antler objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_books,_manuscripts,_documents_and_ephemera" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation and restoration of books, manuscripts, documents and ephemera">Books, manuscripts, documents and ephemera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_ceramic_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of ceramic objects">Ceramic objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_clocks" title="Conservation and restoration of clocks">Clocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_copper-based_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of copper-based objects">Copper-based objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_feathers" title="Conservation and restoration of feathers">Feathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_film" title="Conservation and restoration of film">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_flags_and_banners" title="Conservation and restoration of flags and banners">Flags and banners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_fur_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of fur objects">Fur objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_glass_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of glass objects">Glass objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_herbaria" title="Conservation and restoration of herbaria">Herbaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_human_remains" title="Conservation and restoration of human remains">Human remains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_illuminated_manuscripts" title="Conservation and restoration of illuminated manuscripts">Illuminated manuscripts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_insect_specimens" title="Conservation and restoration of insect specimens">Insect specimens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_iron_and_steel_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of iron and steel objects">Iron and steel objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_ivory_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of ivory objects">Ivory objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_Judaica" title="Conservation and restoration of Judaica">Judaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_lacquerware" title="Conservation and restoration of lacquerware">Lacquerware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_leather_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of leather objects">Leather objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_lighthouses" title="Conservation and restoration of lighthouses">Lighthouses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_metals" title="Conservation and restoration of metals">Metals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_musical_instruments" title="Conservation and restoration of musical instruments">Musical instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_neon_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of neon objects">Neon objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_new_media_art" title="Conservation and restoration of new media art">New media art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_paintings" title="Conservation and restoration of paintings">Paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_painting_frames" title="Conservation and restoration of painting frames">Painting frames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_panel_paintings" title="Conservation and restoration of panel paintings">Panel paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_papyrus" title="Conservation and restoration of papyrus">Papyrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_parchment" title="Conservation and restoration of parchment">Parchment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_performance_art" title="Conservation and restoration of performance art">Performance art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_photographs" title="Conservation and restoration of photographs">Photographs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_photographic_plates" title="Conservation and restoration of photographic plates">Photographic plates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_plastic_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of plastic objects">Plastic objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_rail_vehicles" title="Conservation and restoration of rail vehicles">Rail vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_road_vehicles" title="Conservation and restoration of road vehicles">Road vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_shipwreck_artifacts" title="Conservation and restoration of shipwreck artifacts">Shipwreck artifacts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_silver_objects" title="Conservation and restoration of silver objects">Silver objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_of_South_Asian_household_shrines" title="Conservation of South Asian household shrines">South Asian household shrines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_stained_glass" title="Conservation and restoration of stained glass">Stained glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_taxidermy" title="Conservation and restoration of taxidermy">Taxidermy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_textiles" title="Conservation and restoration of textiles">Textiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_Tibetan_thangkas" title="Conservation and restoration of Tibetan thangkas">Tibetan thangkas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_time-based_media_art" title="Conservation and restoration of time-based media art">Time-based media art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_totem_poles" title="Conservation and restoration of totem poles">Totem poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_vinyl_discs" title="Conservation and restoration of vinyl discs">Vinyl discs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_woodblock_prints" title="Conservation and restoration of woodblock prints">Woodblock prints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_wooden_artifacts" title="Conservation and restoration of wooden artifacts">Wooden artifacts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_wooden_furniture" title="Conservation and restoration of wooden furniture">Wooden furniture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Intangible_cultural_heritage" title="Intangible cultural heritage">Intangible<br /> cultural heritage</a><br /> preservation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_music" title="Ancient music">Ancient music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Applied_folklore" title="Applied folklore">Applied folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_notation" title="Dance notation">Dance notation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_music" title="Early music">Early music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endangered_language" title="Endangered language">Endangered language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnochoreology" title="Ethnochoreology">Ethnochoreology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnomusicology" title="Ethnomusicology">Ethnomusicology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnopoetics" title="Ethnopoetics">Ethnopoetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_folklore" title="Family folklore">Family folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_art" title="Folk art">Folk art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_dance" title="Folk dance">Folk dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_etymology" title="Folk etymology">Folk etymology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_instrument" title="Folk instrument">Folk instrument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Folk medicine">Folk medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">Folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_process" title="Folk process">Folk process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_play" title="Folk play">Folk play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foodways" title="Foodways">Foodways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_studies" title="Folklore studies">Folklore studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_language" title="Heritage language">Heritage language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_language_learning" title="Heritage language learning">Heritage language learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_intellectual_property" title="Indigenous intellectual property">Indigenous intellectual property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous culture">Indigenous culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_language" title="Indigenous language">Indigenous language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_death" title="Language death">Language death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_preservation" title="Language preservation">Language preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_revitalization" title="Language revitalization">Language revitalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Living_history" title="Living history">Living history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_history_preservation" title="Oral history preservation">Oral history preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preservation_of_meaning" title="Preservation of meaning">Preservation of meaning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Primitive music">Primitive music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradition#Preservation" title="Tradition">Tradition preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_knowledge" title="Traditional knowledge">Traditional knowledge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable<br />projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_issues_of_Pompeii_and_Herculaneum" title="Conservation issues of Pompeii and Herculaneum">Conservation issues of Pompeii and Herculaneum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecce_Homo_(Mart%C3%ADnez_and_Gim%C3%A9nez)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecce Homo (Martínez and Giménez)">Conservation-restoration of <i>Ecce Homo</i> by Elías García Martínez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation-restoration_of_Thomas_Eakins%27_The_Gross_Clinic" title="Conservation-restoration of Thomas Eakins' The Gross Clinic">Conservation-restoration of <i>The Gross Clinic</i> by Thomas Eakins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation-restoration_of_Leonardo_da_Vinci%27s_The_Last_Supper" title="Conservation-restoration of Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper">Conservation-restoration of Leonardo da Vinci's <i>The Last Supper</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_Pompeian_frescoes" title="Conservation and restoration of Pompeian frescoes">Pompeian frescoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation-restoration_of_the_Shroud_of_Turin" title="Conservation-restoration of the Shroud of Turin">Conservation-restoration of the Shroud of Turin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoration_of_the_Sistine_Chapel_frescoes" title="Restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes">Conservation-restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation-restoration_of_the_Statue_of_Liberty" title="Conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty">Conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation-restoration_of_the_H.L._Hunley" title="Conservation-restoration of the H.L. Hunley">Conservation-restoration of the <i>H.L. 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