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type="application/ld+json">{"@type":"NewsArticle","thumbnailUrl":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/pop.h-cdn.co/assets/17/38/320x320/square-1506016774-tdr1.jpg?resize=100:*","datePublished":"2017-09-21T18:11:00Z","headline":"The Forgotten Drone of WWII","articleBody":"Conventional wisdom has that the proliferation of American remote-controlled warfare is a product of the post-9/11 era. While it's true that Predator and Reaper drones capable of dropping laser or satellite guided bombs have come into their own in that time, America's first drone bombers took to the skies much earlier than that—in 1944 to be precise.\n\nIn the early years of World War II, desperate for any technological advantage it could use on the battlefield, the U.S. military funded all sorts of unusual projects using new, untested technologies. The atomic bomb is one example. Another was essentially World War II's equivalent of a Reaper drone. The U.S. Navy paid the Interstate Aircraft Company to develop a remote-controlled bomber that could carry a 1,000 pound bomb or torpedo. \nThe result was TDR-1, a twin-engine what we would today called \"optionally manned\" aircraft. The aircraft was made with pressed wood from Wurlitzer, the music organ company, and the body was made with metal tubes supplied by Schwinn, the bicycle company. Although that sounds unusual, it was par for the course in a time when companies that made parking meters switched to rifles and car manufacturers built tanks. \nHere's a video of a TDR-1 undergoing Navy trials, complete with TV camera footage:\n\nThe TDR-1 had a cockpit that allowed it to be flown like a conventional aircraft to battle zones. Once there, the aircraft was fitted with a half-ton aircraft bomb. The aircraft had a television camera in the nose, brand-new technology at the time. A crewman in the Avenger could receive the crude TV signals to locate a target and then direct the bomber to bomb the target—or crash into it. \nThe drones were first demonstrated for the Navy brass in late July 1944. The Navy was impressed enough with the TDR-1 that it ordered them into combat. On September 27th 1944, four drones were armed with 2,000 pound bombs and flown towards a Japanese gun installation on the island of Bougainville. Three of the drones didn't make it but the third did, crashing directly into the gun position and exploding. The age of drone warfare had been arrived.\nSource: Air Space Magazine","wordCount":360,"articleSection":"Military","image":[{"@type":"ImageObject","height":1200,"thumbnail":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/pop.h-cdn.co/assets/17/38/320x320/square-1506016774-tdr1.jpg?resize=100:*","url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/pop.h-cdn.co/assets/17/38/320x320/square-1506016774-tdr1.jpg?resize=1200:*","width":1200},{"@type":"ImageObject","height":900,"thumbnail":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/pop.h-cdn.co/assets/17/38/320x320/square-1506016774-tdr1.jpg?resize=100:*","url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/pop.h-cdn.co/assets/17/38/480x360/sd-aspect-1506016774-tdr1.jpg?resize=1200:*","width":1200},{"@type":"ImageObject","height":675,"thumbnail":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/pop.h-cdn.co/assets/17/38/320x320/square-1506016774-tdr1.jpg?resize=100:*","url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/pop.h-cdn.co/assets/17/38/640x360/hd-aspect-1506016774-tdr1.jpg?resize=1200:*","width":1200}],"mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/aviation/a28312/wwii-drone-strike-tdr-1/","@type":"WebPage"},"publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"Popular Mechanics","sameAs":["https://twitter.com/PopMech","https://www.tiktok.com/@popularmechanics","https://www.youtube.com/c/popularmechanics","https://www.facebook.com/popularmechanics","https://www.instagram.com/popularmechanics/","https://www.pinterest.com/popmech/","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_Mechanics"],"logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/images/logos/logo-jsonld.2362803.png","width":312,"height":60},"address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","postalCode":"10019","addressRegion":"NY","streetAddress":"300 W 57th Street","addressCountry":"US","addressLocality":"New York"},"publishingPrinciples":"https://popularmechanics.com/about/a45/about-us/","parentOrganization":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"Hearst Corporation","url":"https://www.hearst.com/magazines","sameAs":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hearst_Magazines","https://www.instagram.com/hearstmagazines/","https://www.linkedin.com/company/hearst-magazines/posts/"],"address":{"postalCode":"10019","addressRegion":"NY","streetAddress":"300 W 57th Street","addressCountry":"US","addressLocality":"New York"}}},"keywords":["content-type: Default","locale: US","displayType: standard article","shortTitle: The First Drone Strike Took Place in 1944"],"url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/aviation/a28312/wwii-drone-strike-tdr-1/","isBasedOn":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/aviation/a28312/wwii-drone-strike-tdr-1/","description":"The TDR-1 was decades ahead of its time.","author":{"name":"Kyle Mizokami","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/author/14085/kyle-mizokami/","@type":"Person","description":"<p>Kyle Mizokami is a writer on defense and security issues and has been at <em>Popular Mechanics</em> since 2015. If it involves explosions or projectiles, he's generally in favor of it. Kyle’s articles have appeared at <em>The Daily Beast, U.S. Naval Institute News, The Diplomat, Foreign Policy, Combat Aircraft Monthly, VICE News</em>, and others. 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73.75rem){.css-1uosn6{font-size:4.06248rem;line-height:1;}}.css-bv2wf6{color:#525252;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0.625rem;text-align:left;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-bv2wf6{font-size:0.9375rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-bv2wf6{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-bv2wf6{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.6;}}.css-bv2wf6 a{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.125rem;text-decoration-color:#1c6a65;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:inherit;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;word-break:break-word;}.css-bv2wf6 a:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}.css-xwje0o{grid-column:1/4;width:100%;margin-bottom:0;padding-right:0.3125rem;color:#000000;display:inline-block;font-family:SimplonMono,SimplonMono-upcase-roboto,SimplonMono-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-xwje0o{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-xwje0o{font-size:0.70017rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-xwje0o{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}.css-xwje0o span{display:inline-block;line-height:1.6;}.css-hqq2rs{font-style:normal;padding-right:0.3125rem;color:#000000;display:inline-block;font-family:SimplonMono,SimplonMono-upcase-roboto,SimplonMono-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-hqq2rs{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-hqq2rs{font-size:0.70017rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-hqq2rs{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}.css-flry6y{color:#414141;padding-right:0.3125rem;font-family:SimplonMono,SimplonMono-upcase-roboto,SimplonMono-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;font-weight:bold;text-transform:uppercase;margin-right:0.625rem;}.css-s1p5ii{background:inherit;border:inherit;display:inherit;outline:inherit;font-size:inherit;text-transform:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-family:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;padding:0rem;}.css-s1p5ii:focus-visible{outline:unset;}.css-1v0az23{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;cursor:pointer;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;padding:0.625rem;text-align:left;background-color:#ffffff;border:0.0625rem solid #E5E5E5;border-color:#D4D4D4;position:relative;outline:none;background:#ffffff;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.6;text-transform:capitalize;background:inherit;border:inherit;display:inherit;outline:inherit;font-size:inherit;text-transform:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-family:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;padding:0rem;}.css-1v0az23:disabled{color:#D4D4D4;border-color:#E5E5E5;cursor:default;}.css-1v0az23:focus-visible::before{outline:0.125rem dotted #000000;}.css-1v0az23:before{content:"";position:absolute;min-height:48px;min-width:48px;width:100%;height:100%;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);-moz-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);transform:translate(-50%, 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#E5E5E5;border-color:#D4D4D4;position:relative;outline:none;background:#ffffff;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.6;text-transform:capitalize;background:inherit;border:inherit;display:inherit;outline:inherit;font-size:inherit;text-transform:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-family:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;padding:0rem;}.css-hdxuqr:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}.css-hdxuqr:disabled{color:#D4D4D4;border-color:#E5E5E5;cursor:default;}.css-hdxuqr:focus-visible::before{outline:0.125rem dotted #000000;}.css-hdxuqr:before{content:"";position:absolute;min-height:48px;min-width:48px;width:100%;height:100%;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);-moz-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);transform:translate(-50%, 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40.625rem){.css-iqq7vh{padding:0.7rem 1rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-iqq7vh{padding:0.8125rem 1.25rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-iqq7vh{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;}}.css-iqq7vh:hover{background-color:#000000;cursor:pointer;border:thin solid transparent;color:#ffffff;}.css-iqq7vh:disabled{background-color:#F3F4F6;color:#A3A3A3;cursor:not-allowed;}.css-iqq7vh+.css-iqq7vh{margin-left:1rem;}.css-iqq7vh:focus{outline:0.125rem dotted #000000;outline-offset:0.25rem;}.css-1exgad7{width:1rem;height:1rem;margin-right:0.625rem;}.css-k008qs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.css-1q1kaac{margin-bottom:0.9375rem;position:relative;}@media(max-width: 64rem){.css-1q1kaac{max-width:calc(100vw - (1rem * 2));margin-left:1rem;margin-right:1rem;}.css-1q1kaac .e1spmc110{width:100vw;margin-left:calc(-1 * 1rem);}}@media(min-width: 48rem) and (max-width: 61.25rem){.css-1q1kaac{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.css-1q1kaac 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(max-width: 61.25rem){.css-j4k1z9{max-width:45.25rem;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-j4k1z9{padding-left:0rem;padding-right:0rem;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem) and (max-width: 100rem){.css-j4k1z9{padding-left:0rem;padding-right:0rem;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-j4k1z9{padding-left:0rem;padding-right:0rem;}}.css-j4k1z9:after{clear:both;content:" ";display:block;font-size:0.7rem;line-height:1.5rem;height:0rem;visibility:hidden;}.css-j4k1z9 .piano-recirculation-module-container{position:relative;border-bottom:solid var(--cx-border-width, 2px) var(--cx-border-color, black);margin-bottom:var(--cx-margin-bottom, 16px);padding-bottom:24px;}.css-j4k1z9 .cx-header{color:var(--cx-header-color, black);border-top:solid var(--cx-border-width, 2px) var(--cx-border-color, black);margin-top:16px;padding:24px 0;font-size:var(--cx-header-font-size, 28px);font-family:var(--cx-header-font-family, inherit);font-weight:var(--cx-header-font-weight, 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data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span>The Forgotten Drone of WWII<span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></h1><div class="css-bv2wf6 e1f1sunr6"><p>The TDR-1 was decades ahead of its time.</p></div><div class="css-xwje0o e1f1sunr5"><address class="css-hqq2rs e1v8cotw2"><span data-theme-key="by-line-name" class="css-flry6y e1v8cotw1">By <a data-theme-key="popover-trigger" title="Kyle Mizokami" alt href="/author/14085/kyle-mizokami/" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="dialog" class="er6ohko0 e1puv02z1 css-hdxuqr e1c1bym14">Kyle Mizokami</a></span><time class="css-13e0tm1 e1f1sunr4">Published: Sep 21, 2017 2:11 PM EDT</time></address></div><div class="no-print css-17mvcka e1f1sunr11"><div data-journey-blur="true" class="content-header-actions css-18jz25a e1f1sunr10"><button data-theme-key="button-primary" data-vars-ga-name="recipe-save-button" data-vars-ga-recipe-button-state="recipe_save" 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href="//pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/aviation/a28312/wwii-drone-strike-tdr-1/&amp;description=&amp;media=https://hips.hearstapps.com/pop.h-cdn.co/assets/17/38/1506016774-tdr1.jpg?resize=1600:*" class="pinterest css-on9hn5 e1c1bym14"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/social/pinterest.e8cf655.svg?primary=%2523ffffff" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="auto" width="auto" alt="pinterest" class="css-4lml0h e1mlxuuw1"/></a></div></section></div></div></div><div data-journey-body="standard-article" class="article-body-content article-body standard-body-content css-j4k1z9 et2g3wt6"><p data-journey-content="true" data-node-id="0" class="css-auya5i emevuu60">Conventional wisdom has that the proliferation of American remote-controlled warfare is a product of the post-9/11 era. While it's true that Predator and Reaper drones capable of dropping laser or satellite guided bombs have come into their own in that time, America's first drone bombers took to the skies much earlier than that—in 1944 to be precise.</p> <p data-journey-content="true" data-node-id="2" class="css-auya5i emevuu60"><span data-redactor-tag="span" data-verified="redactor" id="docs-internal-guid-7efd52cb-a596-afed-fee0-fe69ec871ce2"></span></p> <p data-journey-content="true" data-node-id="4" class="css-auya5i emevuu60">In the early years of World War II, desperate for any technological advantage it could use on the battlefield, the U.S. military funded all sorts of unusual projects using new, untested technologies. The atomic bomb is one example. Another was essentially World War II's equivalent of a Reaper drone. The U.S. Navy paid the Interstate Aircraft Company to develop a remote-controlled bomber that could carry a 1,000 pound bomb or torpedo. </p><section data-embed="watch-next" data-lazy-id="P0-9" data-node-id="5" class="embed"></section> <p data-journey-content="true" data-node-id="7" class="css-auya5i emevuu60">The result was TDR-1, a twin-engine what we would today called &quot;optionally manned&quot; aircraft. The aircraft was made with pressed wood from Wurlitzer, the music organ company, and the body was made with metal tubes supplied by Schwinn, the bicycle company. Although that sounds unusual, it was par for the course in a time when companies that made parking meters switched to rifles and car manufacturers built tanks. </p> <p data-journey-content="true" data-node-id="9" class="css-auya5i emevuu60">Here's a video of a TDR-1 undergoing Navy trials, complete with TV camera footage:</p> <section data-embed="youtube" data-lazy-id="P0-10" data-node-id="11" class="embed"><div data-embed="youtube"><section data-lazy-parent="P0-10" class="embed"><div data-embed="youtube" class="embed align-center css-10klw3m ekrjau21"><div class="css-nnemls ekrjau20"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/social/youtube.ce3e1ae.svg?primary=currentColor&amp;id=link-out-embed" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="auto" width="auto" alt="youtube" class="css-1msakm2 ekrjau22"/><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8RQcUtzAe98" aria-label="View full post on Youtube" class="css-0 e1c1bym14">View full post on Youtube</a></div></div></section></div></section> <p data-journey-content="true" data-node-id="13" class="css-auya5i emevuu60">The TDR-1 had a cockpit that allowed it to be flown like a conventional aircraft to battle zones. Once there, the aircraft was fitted with a half-ton aircraft bomb. The aircraft had a television camera in the nose, brand-new technology at the time. A crewman in the Avenger could receive the crude TV signals to locate a target and then direct the bomber to bomb the target—or crash into it. </p> <p data-journey-content="true" data-node-id="15" class="css-auya5i emevuu60">The drones were first demonstrated for the Navy brass in late July 1944. The Navy was impressed enough with the TDR-1 that it ordered them into combat. On September 27th 1944, four drones were armed with 2,000 pound bombs and flown towards a Japanese gun installation on the island of Bougainville. Three of the drones didn't make it but the third did, crashing directly into the gun position and exploding. The age of drone warfare had been arrived.</p> <p data-journey-content="true" data-node-id="17" class="css-auya5i emevuu60">Source: <a href="http://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/drone-strike-180964753/" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="http://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/drone-strike-180964753/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlink" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Air &amp; Space Magazine" class="body-link css-1kk1geb emevuu60">Air &amp; Space Magazine</a></p><div data-journey-blur="partial" data-ad-exclude="true" class="css-19m4yzp e1jy25xv0"><div class="css-sfzxfp ev8dhu59"><span class="css-3mrz81 ev8dhu51"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/rover/profile_photos/bf2f096f-4d0a-456b-a131-44babf768632.jpg?fill=1:1&amp;resize=120:*" alt="Headshot of Kyle Mizokami" title="Headshot of Kyle Mizokami" width="100%" height="100%" decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="css-o0wq4v ev8dhu53"/></span><div class="css-gorqpr ev8dhu58"><span class="css-0 ev8dhu56"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/author/14085/kyle-mizokami/" class="e1c1bym13 css-19mb619 e1c1bym14"><span>Kyle Mizokami</span></a></span></div><div class="css-1dsojn8 ev8dhu55"><div class="css-1pt1ks2 ev8dhu54"><p>Kyle Mizokami is a writer on defense and security issues and has been at <em>Popular Mechanics</em> since 2015. If it involves explosions or projectiles, he's generally in favor of it. Kyle’s articles have appeared at <em>The Daily Beast, U.S. Naval Institute News, The Diplomat, Foreign Policy, Combat Aircraft Monthly, VICE News</em>, and others. 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