CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "esahubble.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '8eafa479bbb987d8',cH: 'AMvBpIFkjur7sd.phklJ6W31vIr6UPpN6kmo2UfPmis-1733020092-1.2.1.1-X94GacTR1yWXBMPs3JHHfm2xSzSD05WRdB1Y4dWPYgvrWmTFS0brfHE6BnvYUkSf',cUPMDTk: "\/images\/potw2010a\/?__cf_chl_tk=_VCaFBsDo1MIHh5AKO72ZTf5Oc.MngTK.iAucP7lhcg-1733020092-1.0.1.1-Xe0YgzkXrKGiinv9dltLOKxroPHY7SxugCf309XW4Bs",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1733020092',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/images\/potw2010a\/?__cf_chl_f_tk=_VCaFBsDo1MIHh5AKO72ZTf5Oc.MngTK.iAucP7lhcg-1733020092-1.0.1.1-Xe0YgzkXrKGiinv9dltLOKxroPHY7SxugCf309XW4Bs",md: "02NBuAAKuKspw6uqggpJwuqv4t58YmuqvhcengdR0aI-1733020092-1.2.1.1-UWA99RcZYR2O8zh7zzPl2sxwANrIjCEwsX63yYTFTw3twuCKP6wb8Um12F6yUVChQ8ZewroU5sAAFYyF6BJ7f6W7ICc28jQO3M56BC02mEbSB8h062aVFWT7I_qnKlnO6FXj4BZ0D1Enf2Ffp4flXtkQUR2In.lG3YQqoFo4fMuzmrq4wfITceZ_UjrDZYGLdP.hD5AmmfwDFBGhIRYMo7925_.5H7LjK2vhA1zA3jQ46XyqXWr3UeBA77HXh9Ulq6Rflth0GPsvGEa6FztEOZw.vtJC0KHHf9B2qnOqwi_s1eyMpKbWIX5Cd8xWM27JC7.EYP9EMBS9L51RaDfW50ayP4xd1iNc.MyGjCT6ytnJzCeFmS8_vImMOc1rvhCAgKQvvIDKL0xb3HhQ4F5FgeQJvubpwSC5I30Q8LPZAAFBR6HB9W99v6w22KFWIidMMZZVmKbDrnYBvYNyjQ_GEUZuHd0ZcMmUWdy3K0CI62JTbkpHImCwbFNAdgoqpuykBeAL_tqaEMGGAeyyatUCtWsbNdvXM7Wv_oVMl2QdKnPND8z9Xzbv2frmdayxHagnn39rA.XNlrfuA7gl63SvRCwzY8oktkPDD2os.Yq1hHKnBs_1yQo8GsFZR7MZ8InlEnYgUeieScMJqOeYr9dUs.abS0jHunAh0FidJp9JdzWlOIrDVucykFzHv3oUUraEMxnxHQzQe8gdEtSvQjZpDtSbGS26N4wbEVzJ4uIX0z8hlUmPtQfrSTIEjr39KSwOd70KwxxQyxBxfoOUY4sRZg8cOZ29HC7J7f9r3.B5sOAaamNNPXjYqlSQZqidOVOkPnOS49oFCx7.hvYQmQAppF.qtBiuKctbmCCcqKgp6TKOGVMtRPivmCNYVu97vnxqC_gZtAF7sarlnVSkA78fbKaqGo3ylQ0Bi0pFcgqa0dJ5WSu_53HoETGwMPQV0lQlHSwfzWKA20nVfpngFxsAbWw9eUk7dpKtZ38rcM4y04cUx2lZiuSvX.SIKFON4WCFsJ3xJAfBcJnTSbSGBGIl20lLEIBQU_VHAVWUUaF3G.NPBEOxTTsakzGJRFA6K5A5NC0JiPfoVrPe.OTCr8VP8rqrOv3em.eBmeams1UWLIlrMyob08s.sG.LfRwOTESF1XksSfKw33MXXqhCGKgW8Xfe7edyRh.mD.akxht40f4WKNdepdQmP8pglxOTL7iT62wpq.gMn7OmRHbYOImeIBKiSu1zj4hKiYRucINTiQ0_2YrpUJQHrt2e5i_OdrgBIvsT3BvyenxQ3VBxLUSZRSmvP.6oc4jhyn1DhFUSlyxHElkmXv9qoUNzKsWb04Wa_al1l8FhownWN7w8zb5KJvTGMGsWWfybSqC7kRbQpcG1b.VVkisz6K6STu5ptwe2xEG0VtCvJpu1JNASgOp0MzBMwJkEkumcM_4J8wlia6CTcAXB05c0xyHseOENmxFjTE.cuZvauXjCGIUsCZCqPFvyopyIYnxuSrT.ZoZIdjYqluS5qr9P4CFjuMiPusrK8FBkgjmlC1o0Glm_cZBVX2crN6VpDog93dGiLAJaUB.iicTY8iaDUEJWXDddJP7M5MrzTWRA17sTM7oxQvOfXD4sERHdartDfoNIUCuHEftAZevPI6OdBPifAY_sS36dMJnVIq._PmgGF.8W6oa6YNrlAEcEj4sz4E15epgs1NhkIjyknqHLezgeUqtPT0iK1sC692pOBmmHq9LftT3Xkgz_dcyGaTRJPYs_Sm0zL4dCLPdW.mPsQ1jxye7.nQF9UzyPc9r221Vcsgh7GAxceePjixTwADcLEmpx8fjKQ3ucc.WYYUZaaAOimE19H8zWLF7thVi_VBrf.tIucS45GxbOdFzRZRfsHSbe7y.FTHckvc4s.Sbd78JEpI386rcBysVCFvEHlYm.lneUfhQObE4RA9ngMjAsalYoOjPLCvkAicHpplmCaIiC0YdO9PoDEow5qgTjnvVqDgtfWko63So0N1p2j76VupSgmrvxLDlbnctSTdCX_MpPlMavm8_FqZXQQwZZotri3MdmLmP4JoLZcvu1G1_igFywbVf8Jx6BuLM34hYhIQLHsjYIJP8Kc5qQTTmEN06CUrbKhQoJAoTozdKc_R414a4OTaRBHzotdunSnKwPHQvA9LjSw0CxhXls2UhX2UqeUqHERN9FKG8yNC80CrKvlwcBAur2beBio7CAm4FnC.aR__LCpqdJNgaNLzMp3J.X6Etb_ZsUN0I.qGXv6TlWF0WQLmULBH_IM22sawE.nDoNFRmhJxvuafY.c4MSrtPb244B6EDwBL6LxfX.gKv8gJIHPfmWlXBhfcoJCgCRCbDHlyUlNa9EdWr7pWrO74ZvlrLAR2iVjG4XDBkCQieKuGaaTPBwcBuEZm9c5cJmriq7qHdizYiKXxJc7PKRQg1dcu0659rBa06nJbSkYEhVYo.nd6vqMTD2zK_3YWyBXsTMTtSig9kjBeGKkXDhreK_pWBxgUKH.WDX0gYD5zDFQ6TIq5c15lSnNJpfhxSCao0F4srPD5rQDQWnf53Y_1.UU_y8uV5n1wC3uyrtgzEiTvJUGZnUhODBNZkq4KLvhBNX0dtN5pLf0rPIySQcmaLRUgUJFw0Wukst8OiO.qPL2MpgbydVoCScBaIwbdIrzyJgVQ.KBC1r1GU3BRhfpWqCyt1RM9NWvMJcZBcJ.HcHdjOz0w5M1R_I7RLQJzKLQ5wrsRom8_xmw8zsoxHE5OJIxnR9cV7wOd6sCRI8IYVOit9TUEQiRqgFgwE7zDIlPyv28z9r2yFo",mdrd: "vuuoyPdMuw9njviLc8EepK99_AmXDPLaxizpE8a4vYI-1733020092-1.2.1.1-cceiecmokFa6mbEqKGJKpRyI4UYQm43SHr7pN2XzpBknGAoOiSsXB6OqfjFxxrnOvhBl2zsvRJZqUi63ZLuiS1wGRwWYddJg.hBR509snWrgJQoB0J9AIpU6RzMmBmUAapIDz1.98AVWaQajs0.FXOyS6OzTjJpRvSei8WxFRs7q_Tko8OeoVRu3LBokYFzkQ3zqY3fhAstOBtMMxiz6SRUAZFrWIj5TciPyTJ3jvLEEIpA3nZJrOMepNWUOg0ytRMX.35WehLvPsh030BxYOATpwEbCQuIcKd2SKudMBDyWe2hvro8S2HvllTiezv6ZDRD2hqij9CRzT.bhdq5NG9JUL.BoU7.bYxV8ucaDYY2bGKTdvBZ5w6H5AB40X.zrRFGuKXwMSlTuBfRrdLlN_c4X4BSg3a4pjq4vNHf_N_l1lx8HO_xuHAQFkNjL9qCvDwiow06ZaSRlEse8z8AepMEHzb3T.7la8JP03vXw_2BGQGKct6mSppeegIHEnKVHmx5ZngIV6VkkUNIrxkzKMPsOaJOdyxwXl6PbvRyLlq97ioJyVnOI6MIepYQ_tLDp2v_fiJEno9LWoD4znLEsrFBZBG3NUcwgCkk1IDfWvCqMNXsETWp0LCm5uvauVS2A5mxuqU7Qp5dFTe7bEHN5NBUY6CNoE6ICj4_WabxsvRR4eiLTSd5L.4D7MTl6fQH.u7CKGf7wn1vt.5tTVvqTi1PxBpuVjBmHXLHtt4gw25SUJvkrJvbRiWRw33DkKtxA3Hz9VKBfUUgkF9iTMSBXtSDiUEEUvIVEXYVhPeLKZH.TYKxr98T8JxhOzkR.tq6LGgae3u26X3bTL714BcmbqM7CxVKNaEG9DJxqW_Z_51zqF.0qAz712TZEijRKwxU_FN6F_bPH7WMSSmbLVInT9sIHqR4XGRiLfzzhyoeyqAzMqOUV80qPXjATtU.WJsMvZUjtXyD_iWZhnb84Mu31HPWKLeciGVyGnTpKBJFyS4gqubvbDw2cy30TZQdNQt67ZxXvKEEobC3t8_CvNXNqBDF_HJzP.6vZSYEU9AhDmHkC_yn55.yfQnCYhhGf1a9fpucCXgWK_P4CpCNM4NK0bSlQIsrGv4ImyKj5lYZoKe_LLOFauWSLrwuwjpAXT0hwcATbszRUKF.gicQ9duFSG5LR1iQ10j_.QTe_WKGSipLYtTSHHU9lz8NvVIbS8va8oqPtwu5N6kvG6NIZ.ex0k_5YrZutI01dQJLv.tjXJzrJj5vMPzwman15_L65plDecPcJT0nO3XVj8Ord_3K_NxzfkPuFoYOnLwhYGttESEYCGYOXjNWYJ9GUrhjTpbO_uDQg87V6udS.VFB2L7hewrJPV4Xr5okbr_IJYCEvk37r31iUxKco3XjH5ZAwyj151HqN1VZ5PBuXIVmx80kUI9UD5kUGiYwggtNkT22fiwLSzmHHEpAw0qD64.5HoGDMu_ssMIHjOMsLtaoHD7GY3K4xs4aj4EITcAJNDr5KPkb0TU2HnzuKGXNQJ5Vvt7EQVpcfXI6kmna2q7XzUtQs8R2npQFSAfHV2Oz51VHKv.wWEbcloL_NE1TRV3LfD24repTytMqMRZ62oArejKkPc2JK_IoZUYgQrCi1DYTXrn.hiWzOuAeOHjyanDjixAJ1oAHak2rh6g6nKNWx0_Ov5Vn9XgDNXjGK1WGz_TrckFat2p8gKcZmNDEe7JWtWAYnJyVGzpngd1OmiD9ckUQm3.NOQ_Knwo57jY9V63zmyHD9eb_ZKt0qAMsSBBRfwVj.GTUp8rGxyEsZWwgvq2f1a0kVxxgQCDcu6zV4QhlW2GOjcK1p1UmHJZvTfmcEekpeRxXZxli4QpLN_NuK04uHsey40Eie4A_3gRS8gTh16vLJgmN0zP1bb36QIr9g4j8D2pQM2sLd227_n2CCPfJ5i5OWBOiwTwRGXz6zcypznvY"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=8eafa479bbb987d8';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/images\/potw2010a\/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=_VCaFBsDo1MIHh5AKO72ZTf5Oc.MngTK.iAucP7lhcg-1733020092-1.0.1.1-Xe0YgzkXrKGiinv9dltLOKxroPHY7SxugCf309XW4Bs" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>