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subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Births-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–June" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–June"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>January–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–June-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–December" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>July–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1588</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 150 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-150" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">150 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1588 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1588 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1588 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1588 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B8%DB%B8_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۵۸۸ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۵۸۸ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%AE" title="১৫৮৮ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৫৮৮" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588_n%C3%AE" title="1588 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1588 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588." title="1588. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1588." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B8%DB%B8_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۵۸۸ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۵۸۸ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588%E5%B9%B4" title="1588年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1588年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588%EB%85%84" title="1588년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1588년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE" title="१५८८ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१५८८" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588." title="1588. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1588." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%AE" title="মারি ১৫৮৮ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৫৮৮" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1588-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1588-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1588 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1588 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1588 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1588 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1588 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1588 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588_%D0%B8" title="1588 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1588 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588._gads" title="1588. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1588. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588_m." title="1588 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1588 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE" title="१५८८ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१५८८" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE" title="इ.स. १५८८ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १५८८" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B8%DB%B8" title="۱۵۸۸ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۵۸۸" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1588 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1588 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%85%E1%81%88%E1%81%88" title="၁၅၈၈ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၅၈၈" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE" title="सन् १५८८ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् १५८८" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588%E5%B9%B4" title="1588年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1588年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1588 шо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="1588 шо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AB%E0%AD%AE%E0%AD%AE" title="୧୫୮୮ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୫୮୮" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE" title="१५८८ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१५८८" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1588 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1588 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE" title="१५८८ – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१५८८" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588%D8%B9" title="1588ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1588ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A5%D9%A8%D9%A8" title="١٥٨٨ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٥٨٨" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588." title="1588. – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1588." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1588 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1588 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2131" title="พ.ศ. 2131 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2131" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1588" title="Соли 1588 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1588" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588%D8%A1" title="1588ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1588ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588%E5%B9%B4" title="1588年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1588年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588%E5%B9%B4" title="1588年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1588年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588%E5%B9%B4" title="1588年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1588年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588" title="1588 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1588" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6757#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Years</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Millennium</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Centuries</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/15th_century" title="15th century">15th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/16th_century" title="16th century">16th century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Decades</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1560s" title="1560s">1560s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1570s" title="1570s">1570s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1580s" title="1580s">1580s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1590s" title="1590s">1590s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1600s_(decade)" title="1600s (decade)">1600s</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1585" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1585">1585</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1586" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1586">1586</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1587" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1587">1587</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1588" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1588">1588</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1589" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1589">1589</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1590" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1590">1590</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1591" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1591">1591</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Year_nav" title="Template:Year nav"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Year_nav" title="Template talk:Year nav"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Year_nav" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Year nav"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Loutherbourg-Spanish_Armada.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Loutherbourg-Spanish_Armada.jpg/250px-Loutherbourg-Spanish_Armada.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Loutherbourg-Spanish_Armada.jpg/500px-Loutherbourg-Spanish_Armada.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="7200" data-file-height="5539" /></a><figcaption>August 6: The English Navy defeats the invading Spanish Armada in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada#Battle_of_Gravelines" title="Spanish Armada">Battle of Gravelines</a>.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1588" title="Category:1588">1588 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Arts and science</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1580s_in_architecture" title="1580s in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1588_in_art" title="1588 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1588_in_literature" title="1588 in literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1588_in_music" title="1588 in music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1588_in_science" title="1588 in science">Science</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_sovereign_states_in_1588&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of sovereign states in 1588 (page does not exist)">Political entities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1588" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1588">State leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_16th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 16th century">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_16th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 16th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1588_births" title="Category:1588 births">Births</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1588_deaths" title="Category:1588 deaths">Deaths</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1588_establishments" title="Category:1588 establishments">Establishments</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1588_disestablishments" title="Category:1588 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1588_works" title="Category:1588 works">Works</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1588 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1588<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MDLXXXVIII</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2341</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1037<br />ԹՎ ՌԼԷ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6338</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1509–1510</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>994–995</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2538</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English Regnal year</a></td><td>30 <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Eliz. 1</a> – 31 <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Eliz. 1</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2132</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>950</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7096–7097</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">丁亥</a>年 (Fire <a href="/wiki/Pig_(zodiac)" title="Pig (zodiac)">Pig</a>)<br />4285 or 4078<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />戊子年 (Earth <a href="/wiki/Rat_(zodiac)" title="Rat (zodiac)">Rat</a>)<br />4286 or 4079</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1304–1305</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>2754</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1580–1581</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5348–5349</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1644–1645</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1509–1510</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4688–4689</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11588</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>588–589</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>966–967</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>996–997</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Tensh%C5%8D_(Momoyama_period)" title="Tenshō (Momoyama period)">Tenshō</a> 16<br />(天正１６年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1507–1509</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 10 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>3921</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>324 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前324年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>120</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2130–2131</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阴火猪年<br />(female Fire-<a href="/wiki/Pig_(zodiac)" title="Pig (zodiac)">Pig</a>)<br />1714 or 1333 or 561<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阳土鼠年<br />(male Earth-<a href="/wiki/Rat_(zodiac)" title="Rat (zodiac)">Rat</a>)<br />1715 or 1334 or 562</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>1588</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDLXXXVIII</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Friday" title="Leap year starting on Friday">leap year starting on Friday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Monday" title="Leap year starting on Monday">leap year starting on Monday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, the 1588th year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 588th year of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a>, the 88th year of the <a href="/wiki/16th_century" title="16th century">16th century</a>, and the 9th year of the <a href="/wiki/1580s" title="1580s">1580s</a> decade. As of the start of 1588, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1588&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March"><span id="January.E2.80.93March"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1588&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_22" title="January 22">January 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_V" title="Pope Sixtus V">Pope Sixtus V</a> issues the papal bull <i><a href="/wiki/Immensa_aeterni_Dei" title="Immensa aeterni Dei">Immensa aeterni Dei</a></i>, a major reorganization of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> creating 15 congregations of cardinals, including the <a href="/wiki/Index_Librorum_Prohibitorum#Sacred_Congregation_of_the_Index_(1571–1917)" title="Index Librorum Prohibitorum">Congregation of the <i>Index Librorum Prohibitorum</i></a>, the Church list of forbidden books; the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_the_Inquisition" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation of the Inquisition">Congregation of the Inquisition</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_the_Vatican_Press" title="Congregation of the Vatican Press">Congregation of the Vatican Press</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">January 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Polish_Succession_(1587%E2%80%931588)" title="War of the Polish Succession (1587–1588)">War of the Polish Succession</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Byczyna" title="Battle of Byczyna">Battle of Pitschen</a> takes place at Pitschen (now <a href="/wiki/Byczyna" title="Byczyna">Byczyna</a> in Poland, with Polish and Lithuanian troops commanded by the Polish hetman <a href="/wiki/Jan_Zamoyski" title="Jan Zamoyski">Jan Zamoyski</a> defending against an invading Austrian force commanded by <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_III,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria">Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria</a>. After his army is routed, Archduke Maximilian surrenders and is taken as a prisoner of war, and will be held for more than a year until his release is compelled by the intervention of Pope Sixtus V.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_9" title="February 9">February 9</a> – The sudden death of <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_de_Baz%C3%A1n,_1st_Marquis_of_Santa_Cruz" class="mw-redirect" title="Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz">Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz</a>, in the midst of preparations for the Spanish Armada, forces King Philip II of Spain to re-allocate the command of the fleet.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">February 18</a> – In what is now <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, the siege of <a href="/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a> by King <a href="/wiki/Rajasinha_I_of_Sitawaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajasinha I of Sitawaka">Rajasinha I of Sitawaka</a> ends when Portuguese Admiral <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Teixeira" title="Pedro Teixeira">Pedro Teixeira</a> arrives with a fleet of 80 ships and frees the capital of <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Ceylon" title="Portuguese Ceylon">Portuguese Ceylon</a>. King Rajasinha and his troops flee back to his capital at <a href="/wiki/Avissawella" title="Avissawella">Seethawakapura</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_20" title="March 20">March 20</a> – The ascension of <a href="/wiki/Abbas_the_Great" title="Abbas the Great">Shah Abbas I</a> as Emperor in Iran, of the Safavid Empire, is made official on the first day of the New Year on the Zoroastrian Calendar. Abbas has ruled since October 16, 1587.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_25" title="March 25">March 25</a> – The English Army begins the recruitment of volunteers to prepare for the expected invasion by Spain. On April 10, 1593, the English Parliament will enact the first military pension, "An Acte for relief of Soudiours", providing that "forasmuch as it is agreable with Christian Charity Policy and the Honor of our Nation, that shuch as have since the 25th day of March 1588, adventured their lives and lost their limbs or disabled their bodies, or shall hereafter adventure the lives, lose their limbs or disable their bodies, in defence and service of Her Majesty and the State, should at their return be relieved and rewarded to the end that they may reap the fruit of their good deservings, and others may be encouraged to perform like endeavors..."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June"><span id="April.E2.80.93June"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1588&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_4" title="April 4">April 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christian_IV_of_Denmark" title="Christian IV of Denmark">Christian IV</a> becomes king of <a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway">Denmark–Norway</a>, upon the death of his father, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Denmark" title="Frederick II of Denmark">Frederick II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_12" title="May 12">May 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Barricades" title="Day of the Barricades">Day of the Barricades</a> in Paris: <a href="/wiki/Henry_I,_Duke_of_Guise" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry I, Duke of Guise">Henry I, Duke of Guise</a> seizes the city, forcing King <a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_France" title="Henry III of France">Henry III</a> to flee.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_28" title="May 28">May 28</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada" title="Spanish Armada">Spanish Armada</a>, with 130 ships and 30,000 men, begins to set sail from the <a href="/wiki/Tagus" title="Tagus">Tagus</a> estuary, under the command of the <a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Guzm%C3%A1n_y_Sotomayor,_7th_Duke_of_Medina_Sidonia" title="Alonso de Guzmán y Sotomayor, 7th Duke of Medina Sidonia">Duke of Medina Sedonia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Juan_Mart%C3%ADnez_de_Recalde" title="Juan Martínez de Recalde">Juan Martínez de Recalde</a>, heading for the <a href="/wiki/English_Channel" title="English Channel">English Channel</a> (it will take until <a href="/wiki/May_30" title="May 30">May 30</a> for all of the ships to leave port).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_18" title="June 18">June 18</a> – Sailing across the South Atlantic Ocean towards England, near the end of their voyage around the world, Thomas Cavendish and his <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a> fleet stumble across the Portuguese-controlled island of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Saint Helena has been under the control of Portugal for 80 years, England had been unaware of its existence.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_19" title="June 19">June 19</a> – Twenty days after departing from Spain, the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada" title="Spanish Armada">Spanish Armada</a> receives a foreshadowing of disaster to come during the summer as a storm scatters part of the fleet, postponing the invasion.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Guzm%C3%A1n_y_Sotomayor,_7th_Duke_of_Medina_Sidonia" title="Alonso de Guzmán y Sotomayor, 7th Duke of Medina Sidonia">Alonso de Guzmán y Sotomayor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Medina_Sidonia" title="Duke of Medina Sidonia">Duke of Medina Sidonia</a> and commander of the Spanish expedition, returns the fleet to the port of Coruna for repairs, and writes a letter to King Philip, urging him to abandon plans for invasion of England, and to reach an honorable settlement, but the King refuses. The Spanish expedition resumes on July 21.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September"><span id="July.E2.80.93September"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1588&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_15" title="July 15">July 15</a> – At <a href="/wiki/Rouen" title="Rouen">Rouen</a>, King Henry III of France gives in to the latest demands of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_League_(French)" title="Catholic League (French)">Catholic League</a> and the Duke of Guise, and signs the Edict of Union, agreeing to not allow French Protestants to participate in government,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in return for being able to return to <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_31" title="July 31">July 31</a> – The first engagement between the English and Spanish fleets (off <a href="/wiki/Plymouth" title="Plymouth">Plymouth</a>) results in a victory for the English, under command of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Howard,_1st_Earl_of_Nottingham" title="Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham">Lord Howard of Effingham</a> and Sir <a href="/wiki/Francis_Drake" title="Francis Drake">Francis Drake</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2" title="August 2">August 2</a> – The English fleet defeats the Spanish fleet, off the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Portland" title="Isle of Portland">Isle of Portland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_7" title="August 7">August 7</a> – The English fleet defeats the Spanish fleet off the coast of <a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flanders</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_8" title="August 8">August 8</a> (July 29 <a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">Old Style</a>) – <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada#Battle_of_Gravelines" title="Spanish Armada">Battle of Gravelines</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada" title="Spanish Armada">Spanish Armada</a> is defeated by the English naval force off the coast of <a href="/wiki/Gravelines" title="Gravelines">Gravelines</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Netherlands" title="Spanish Netherlands">Spanish Netherlands</a> (modern France).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_9" title="August 9">August 9</a> – The Duke of Medina Sidonia, commander of the Spanish Armada, decides to return the fleet to Spain after two days of trying to reach the coast of Flanders, to meet up with the army of the <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Farnese,_Duke_of_Parma" title="Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma">Duke of Parma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-armada_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-armada-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_12" title="August 12">August 12</a> – Much of the Spanish Armada is destroyed by storms during an attempt to around Scotland and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada_in_Ireland" title="Spanish Armada in Ireland">Ireland</a>. The fleeing Spanish fleet sails past the <a href="/wiki/Firth_of_Forth" title="Firth of Forth">Firth of Forth</a>, and the English call off their pursuit, avoiding the storm entirely.<sup id="cite_ref-armada_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-armada-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_19" title="August 19">August 19</a> (August 9 <a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">Old Style</a>) – <a href="/wiki/Speech_to_the_Troops_at_Tilbury" title="Speech to the Troops at Tilbury">Speech to the Troops at Tilbury</a> by Queen Elizabeth I.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_29" title="August 29">August 29</a> (8th day of the 7th month, Tensho 16) – In Japan, the <a href="/wiki/Daij%C5%8D-daijin" title="Daijō-daijin">Chancellor of the Realm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi" title="Toyotomi Hideyoshi">Toyotomi Hideyoshi</a>, issues an edict for the katanagari (the <a href="/wiki/Sword_hunt" title="Sword hunt">sword hunt</a>), the confiscation of swords from any persons thought to be opposed to his rule.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1" title="September 1">September 1</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Ganja_Fortress" title="Ganja Fortress">Ganja Fortress</a> in what is now <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> is captured by Ottoman general <a href="/wiki/Serdar_Ferhad_Pasha" title="Serdar Ferhad Pasha">Serdar Ferhad Pasha</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_9" title="September 9">September 9</a> – English captain Thomas Cavendish and a fleet of ships complete <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cavendish%27s_circumnavigation" title="Thomas Cavendish's circumnavigation">sailing around the world in a record time</a> of 781 days, returning to <a href="/wiki/Plymouth" title="Plymouth">Plymouth</a> more than two years after setting off on July 21, 1586. The previous record had been 1,018 days by the expedition of Sir Francis Drake from 1577 to 1580. By the time of his return, Cavendish has only his flagship, <i><a href="/wiki/Desire_(ship)" title="Desire (ship)">Desire</a></i>, after having started with the two other vessels, the warship <i>Content</i>, and the 40-ton supply ship <i>Hugh Gallant</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_13" title="September 13">September 13</a> – Dutch General <a href="/wiki/Charles_III_de_Cro%C3%BF" title="Charles III de Croÿ">Charles III de Croÿ</a> captures the German city of <a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Cologne" title="Electorate of Cologne">Electorate of Cologne</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December"><span id="October.E2.80.93December"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1588&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_7" title="October 7">October 7</a> – The first biography of <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Copernicus" title="Nicolaus Copernicus">Nicolaus Copernicus</a> (d.<a href="/wiki/1543" title="1543">1543</a>) is completed by <a href="/wiki/Bernardino_Baldi" title="Bernardino Baldi">Bernardino Baldi</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_13" title="November 13">November 13</a> – Dutch Republic and English forces capture <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bergen_op_Zoom_(1588)" title="Siege of Bergen op Zoom (1588)">Bergen op Zoom</a>, a fortress in the Spanish Netherlands, after a siege of 41 days.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_15" title="November 15">November 15</a> – The English Navy ship <i><a href="/wiki/San_Salvador_(Guip%C3%BAzcoan_squadron)" title="San Salvador (Guipúzcoan squadron)">Great Spaniard</a></i>, formerly the Spanish Armada ship <i>San Salvador</i> until its capture on August 1, sinks off of the coast of England's <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Purbeck" title="Isle of Purbeck">Isle of Purbeck</a>, with the loss of 23 of the 57 crew. The survivors are rescued by an English <a href="/wiki/Man-of-war" title="Man-of-war">man-o-war</a> boat.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_5" title="December 5">December 5</a> – The Order of Augustinian Recollects is formally recognised as a separate province from the Order of Saint Augustine, an event later known as the <i>Día de la Recolección</i> or <i>Day of Recollection</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_23" title="December 23">December 23</a> – Henry III of France strikes his ultra-Catholic enemies, having the Duke of Guise and his brother, <a href="/wiki/Louis_II,_Cardinal_of_Guise" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis II, Cardinal of Guise">Louis II, Cardinal of Guise</a>, killed, and holding the <a href="/wiki/Charles,_Cardinal_de_Bourbon_(born_1523)" title="Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon (born 1523)">Cardinal de Bourbon</a> a prisoner. As a result, large parts of France reject Henry III as their king, forcing him to side with <a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Navarre" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry of Navarre">Henry of Navarre</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unknown">Unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1588&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Morgan_(Bible_translator)" title="William Morgan (Bible translator)">William Morgan's</a> Welsh <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations" title="Bible translations">translation of the Bible</a> is published.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Armada_Portrait" title="Armada Portrait">Armada Portrait</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Elizabeth I of England</a> is created, to celebrate the English defeat of the Spanish Armada, and to assert the strength of Elizabeth herself.</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1588&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–June"><span id="January.E2.80.93June"></span>January–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1588&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: January–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seguier.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Seguier.jpg/120px-Seguier.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Seguier.jpg/250px-Seguier.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="758" data-file-height="918" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Seguier" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre Seguier">Pierre Seguier</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_4" title="January 4">January 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Vinnius" title="Arnold Vinnius">Arnold Vinnius</a>, Dutch lawyer (d. <a href="/wiki/1657" title="1657">1657</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_6" title="January 6">January 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stanley,_Countess_of_Huntingdon" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth Stanley, Countess of Huntingdon">Elizabeth Stanley, Countess of Huntingdon</a>, English noblewoman and writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1633" title="1633">1633</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_20" title="January 20">January 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Gessi" title="Francesco Gessi">Francesco Gessi</a>, Italian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1649" title="1649">1649</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">February 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Georg_II_of_Fleckenstein-Dagstuhl" title="Georg II of Fleckenstein-Dagstuhl">Georg II of Fleckenstein-Dagstuhl</a>, German nobleman (d. <a href="/wiki/1644" title="1644">1644</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_15" title="February 15">February 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Bramer" title="Benjamin Bramer">Benjamin Bramer</a>, German mathematician (d. <a href="/wiki/1652" title="1652">1652</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_12" title="March 12">March 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Herman_de_Neyt" title="Herman de Neyt">Herman de Neyt</a>, Flemish painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1642" title="1642">1642</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_21" title="March 21">March 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Egon_VIII_of_F%C3%BCrstenberg-Heiligenberg" title="Egon VIII of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg">Egon VIII of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg</a>, Bavarian count and field-marshal (d. <a href="/wiki/1635" title="1635">1635</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_22" title="March 22">March 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_IX,_Margrave_of_Brandenburg" title="Frederick IX, Margrave of Brandenburg">Frederick IX, Margrave of Brandenburg</a>, Grand Master of the Order of Saint John (d. <a href="/wiki/1611" title="1611">1611</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_27" title="March 27">March 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Celestyn_My%C5%9Blenta" title="Celestyn Myślenta">Celestyn Myślenta</a>, Polish theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1653" title="1653">1653</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_29" title="March 29">March 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Margherita_Aldobrandini" title="Margherita Aldobrandini">Margherita Aldobrandini</a>, Parmesan regent (d. <a href="/wiki/1646" title="1646">1646</a>)</li> <li>March – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Heinrich_Alsted" title="Johann Heinrich Alsted">Johann Heinrich Alsted</a>, German theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1638" title="1638">1638</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_4" title="April 4">April 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Padovanino" title="Padovanino">Padovanino</a>, Italian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1649" title="1649">1649</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_5" title="April 5">April 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Thomas Hobbes</a>, English philosopher (d. <a href="/wiki/1679" title="1679">1679</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_15" title="April 15">April 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Claudius_Salmasius" title="Claudius Salmasius">Claudius Salmasius</a>, French classical scholar (d. <a href="/wiki/1653" title="1653">1653</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_16" title="April 16">April 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Filibert_of_Savoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Emanuel Filibert of Savoy">Emanuel Filibert of Savoy</a>, Viceroy of Sicily (d. <a href="/wiki/1624" title="1624">1624</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2" title="May 2">May 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Pascal" title="Étienne Pascal">Étienne Pascal</a>, French mathematician (d. <a href="/wiki/1651" title="1651">1651</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_9" title="May 9">May 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Herman_Hugo" title="Herman Hugo">Herman Hugo</a>, Jesuit priest, writer, military chaplain (d. <a href="/wiki/1629" title="1629">1629</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_13" title="May 13">May 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ole_Worm" title="Ole Worm">Ole Worm</a>, Danish physician and antiquary (d. <a href="/wiki/1654" title="1654">1654</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_28" title="May 28">May 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pierre_S%C3%A9guier" title="Pierre Séguier">Pierre Séguier</a>, Chancellor of France (d. <a href="/wiki/1672" title="1672">1672</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_3" title="June 3">June 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Julius_Frederick,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg-Weiltingen" title="Julius Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Weiltingen">Julius Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Weiltingen</a> (1617–16135) (d. <a href="/wiki/1635" title="1635">1635</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_9" title="June 9">June 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Andreas_Herbst" title="Johann Andreas Herbst">Johann Andreas Herbst</a>, German composer and music theorist (d. <a href="/wiki/1666" title="1666">1666</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_11" title="June 11">June 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Wither" title="George Wither">George Wither</a>, English poet and satirist (d. <a href="/wiki/1667" title="1667">1667</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_14" title="June 14">June 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hoshina_Masasada" title="Hoshina Masasada">Hoshina Masasada</a>, Japanese daimyō who ruled the Ino Domain (d. <a href="/wiki/1661" title="1661">1661</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_30" title="June 30">June 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Maria_Sabino" title="Giovanni Maria Sabino">Giovanni Maria Sabino</a>, Italian composer, organist and teacher (d. <a href="/wiki/1649" title="1649">1649</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–December"><span id="July.E2.80.93December"></span>July–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1588&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: July–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AdolfFriedrichI.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/AdolfFriedrichI.JPG/120px-AdolfFriedrichI.JPG" decoding="async" width="110" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/AdolfFriedrichI.JPG/250px-AdolfFriedrichI.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="1979" data-file-height="2372" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Frederick_I,_Duke_of_Mecklenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Adolf Frederick I, Duke of Mecklenburg">Adolf Frederick I, Duke of Mecklenburg</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">July 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wolrad_IV,_Count_of_Waldeck-Eisenberg" title="Wolrad IV, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg">Wolrad IV, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg</a> (1588–1640) (d. <a href="/wiki/1640" title="1640">1640</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_29" title="July 29">July 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Spring_of_Pakenham" title="William Spring of Pakenham">William Spring of Pakenham</a>, Member of Parliament (d. <a href="/wiki/1638" title="1638">1638</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_25" title="August 25">August 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Poole" title="Elizabeth Poole">Elizabeth Poole</a>, English settler in Plymouth Colony (d. <a href="/wiki/1654" title="1654">1654</a>)</li> <li>August – <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_de_La_Mothe_Le_Vayer" title="François de La Mothe Le Vayer">François de La Mothe Le Vayer</a>, French writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1672" title="1672">1672</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1" title="September 1">September 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henri,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_(1588%E2%80%931646)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri, Prince of Condé (1588–1646)">Henri, Prince of Condé</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1646" title="1646">1646</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_8" title="September 8">September 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marin_Mersenne" title="Marin Mersenne">Marin Mersenne</a>, French theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1648" title="1648">1648</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_10" title="September 10">September 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Lanier" title="Nicholas Lanier">Nicholas Lanier</a>, English composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1666" title="1666">1666</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_13" title="September 13">September 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Vaux,_4th_Baron_Vaux_of_Harrowden" title="Edward Vaux, 4th Baron Vaux of Harrowden">Edward Vaux, 4th Baron Vaux of Harrowden</a>, English baron (d. <a href="/wiki/1661" title="1661">1661</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_7" title="October 7">October 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_Drue_Drury,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Drue Drury, 1st Baronet">Sir Drue Drury, 1st Baronet</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1632" title="1632">1632</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_16" title="October 16">October 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Luke_Wadding" title="Luke Wadding">Luke Wadding</a>, Irish Franciscan friar and historian (d. <a href="/wiki/1657" title="1657">1657</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_17" title="October 17">October 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Gallas" title="Matthias Gallas">Matthias Gallas</a>, Austrian soldier (d. <a href="/wiki/1647" title="1647">1647</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_25" title="November 25">November 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Ironside_the_elder" title="Gilbert Ironside the elder">Gilbert Ironside the elder</a>, English bishop (d. <a href="/wiki/1671" title="1671">1671</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_10" title="December 10">December 10</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johann_von_Aldringen" title="Johann von Aldringen">Johann von Aldringen</a>, Austrian field marshal (d. <a href="/wiki/1634" title="1634">1634</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Beeckman" title="Isaac Beeckman">Isaac Beeckman</a>, Dutch philosopher and scientist (d. <a href="/wiki/1637" title="1637">1637</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_15" title="December 15">December 15</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Condren" title="Charles de Condren">Charles de Condren</a>, French theologian (d. <a href="/wiki/1641" title="1641">1641</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Frederick_I,_Duke_of_Mecklenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Adolf Frederick I, Duke of Mecklenburg">Adolf Frederick I, Duke of Mecklenburg</a>-Schwerin (1592–1628 and again 1631–1658) (d. <a href="/wiki/1658" title="1658">1658</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_23" title="December 23">December 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Claude_Bernard_(priest)" title="Claude Bernard (priest)">Claude Bernard</a>, French priest (d. <a href="/wiki/1641" title="1641">1641</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_24" title="December 24">December 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Constance_of_Austria" title="Constance of Austria">Constance of Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen of Poland">Queen of Poland</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1631" title="1631">1631</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1588&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Danvers" title="John Danvers">John Danvers</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1655" title="1655">1655</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Endecott" title="John Endecott">John Endecott</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1665" title="1665">1665</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Filmer" title="Robert Filmer">Robert Filmer</a>, English political writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1653" title="1653">1653</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accepted_Frewen" title="Accepted Frewen">Accepted Frewen</a>, English churchman (d. <a href="/wiki/1664" title="1664">1664</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Ke" title="Madame Ke">Madame Ke</a>, influential nanny of the Tianqi Emperor of China (approximately; d. <a href="/wiki/1627" title="1627">1627</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Higginson" title="Francis Higginson">Francis Higginson</a>, colonial American Puritan (d. <a href="/wiki/1630" title="1630">1630</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Janssonius" title="Jan Janssonius">Jan Janssonius</a>, Dutch cartographer (d. <a href="/wiki/1664" title="1664">1664</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_de_Vivonne,_marquise_de_Rambouillet" title="Catherine de Vivonne, marquise de Rambouillet">Catherine de Vivonne, marquise de Rambouillet</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1665" title="1665">1665</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop" title="John Winthrop">John Winthrop</a>, influential Puritan in the history of Massachusetts (d. <a href="/wiki/1649" title="1649">1649</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1588&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Conde-henri.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Conde-henri.jpg/110px-Conde-henri.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Conde-henri.jpg/165px-Conde-henri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Conde-henri.jpg/220px-Conde-henri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Henri,_Prince_of_Conde_(1552-1588)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri, Prince of Conde (1552-1588)">Henri, Prince of Conde</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1581_Frederik_2..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/1581_Frederik_2..jpg/110px-1581_Frederik_2..jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/1581_Frederik_2..jpg/165px-1581_Frederik_2..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/1581_Frederik_2..jpg/220px-1581_Frederik_2..jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="2551" /></a><figcaption>King <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Denmark" title="Frederick II of Denmark">Frederick II of Denmark</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mimar_Sinan.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Mimar_Sinan.JPG/110px-Mimar_Sinan.JPG" decoding="async" width="110" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Mimar_Sinan.JPG/165px-Mimar_Sinan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Mimar_Sinan.JPG/220px-Mimar_Sinan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1224" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mimar_Sinan" title="Mimar Sinan">Mimar Sinan</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Guise.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Guise.jpg/110px-Guise.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Guise.jpg/165px-Guise.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Guise.jpg/220px-Guise.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3704" data-file-height="4568" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Henry_I,_Duke_of_Guise" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry I, Duke of Guise">Henry I, Duke of Guise</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_17" title="January 17">January 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Qi_Jiguang" title="Qi Jiguang">Qi Jiguang</a>, Chinese general (b. <a href="/wiki/1528" title="1528">1528</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_9" title="February 9">February 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_de_Baz%C3%A1n,_1st_Marquis_of_Santa_Cruz" class="mw-redirect" title="Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz">Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz</a>, Spanish admiral (b. <a href="/wiki/1526" title="1526">1526</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_24" title="February 24">February 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Weyer" title="Johann Weyer">Johann Weyer</a>, Dutch physician and occultist (b. <a href="/wiki/1515" title="1515">1515</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_3" title="March 3">March 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_XI_of_Legnica" title="Henry XI of Legnica">Henry XI of Legnica</a>, Duke of Legnica (b. <a href="/wiki/1539" title="1539">1539</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_5" title="March 5">March 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henri,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_(1552%E2%80%931588)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri, Prince of Condé (1552–1588)">Henri, Prince of Condé</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1552" title="1552">1552</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_10" title="March 10">March 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Zwinger" title="Theodor Zwinger">Theodor Zwinger</a>, Swiss scholar (b. <a href="/wiki/1533" title="1533">1533</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_4" title="April 4">April 4</a> – King <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Denmark" title="Frederick II of Denmark">Frederick II of Denmark</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1534" title="1534">1534</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_19" title="April 19">April 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Veronese" title="Paolo Veronese">Paolo Veronese</a>, Italian painter (b. c. <a href="/wiki/1528" title="1528">1528</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_5" title="May 5">May 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Biandrata" title="Giorgio Biandrata">Giorgio Biandrata</a>, Italian physician (b. <a href="/wiki/1515" title="1515">1515</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_12" title="May 12">May 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Peter_Monau" title="Peter Monau">Peter Monau</a>, German physician (b. <a href="/wiki/1551" title="1551">1551</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_5" title="June 5">June 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anne_Cecil,_Countess_of_Oxford" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne Cecil, Countess of Oxford">Anne Cecil, Countess of Oxford</a>, English countess (b. <a href="/wiki/1556" title="1556">1556</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_7" title="June 7">June 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philip_II,_Margrave_of_Baden-Baden" title="Philip II, Margrave of Baden-Baden">Philip II, Margrave of Baden-Baden</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1559" title="1559">1559</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_10" title="June 10">June 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Valentin_Weigel" title="Valentin Weigel">Valentin Weigel</a>, German theologian (b. <a href="/wiki/1533" title="1533">1533</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_13" title="June 13">June 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Countess_Anna_of_Nassau" title="Countess Anna of Nassau">Countess Anna of Nassau</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1563" title="1563">1563</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_18" title="June 18">June 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Crowley_(printer)" title="Robert Crowley (printer)">Robert Crowley</a>, London stationer (b. <a href="/wiki/1517" title="1517">1517</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_17" title="July 17">July 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mimar_Sinan" title="Mimar Sinan">Mimar Sinan</a>, Ottoman architect (b. <a href="/wiki/1489" title="1489">1489</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_6" title="August 6">August 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Josias_I,_Count_of_Waldeck-Eisenberg" title="Josias I, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg">Josias I, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg</a>, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg (1578-1588) (b. <a href="/wiki/1554" title="1554">1554</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_8" title="August 8">August 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alonso_S%C3%A1nchez_Coello" title="Alonso Sánchez Coello">Alonso Sánchez Coello</a>, Spanish painter (b. c. <a href="/wiki/1531" title="1531">1531</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_12" title="August 12">August 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Ferrabosco_the_elder" title="Alfonso Ferrabosco the elder">Alfonso Ferrabosco the elder</a>, Italian composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1543" title="1543">1543</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Ward" title="Margaret Ward">Margaret Ward</a>, English saint (birthdate unknown)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_31" title="August 31">August 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Juliane_of_Nassau-Dillenburg_(1546-1588)" class="mw-redirect" title="Juliane of Nassau-Dillenburg (1546-1588)">Juliana of Nassau-Dillenburg</a>, Dutch prince (b. <a href="/wiki/1546" title="1546">1546</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_3" title="September 3">September 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Tarlton" title="Richard Tarlton">Richard Tarlton</a>, English actor (b. <a href="/wiki/1530" title="1530">1530</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_4" title="September 4">September 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Dudley,_1st_Earl_of_Leicester" title="Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester">Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester</a>, English politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1532" title="1532">1532</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_25" title="September 25">September 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tilemann_Heshusius" title="Tilemann Heshusius">Tilemann Heshusius</a>, German Gnesio-Lutheran theologian (b. <a href="/wiki/1527" title="1527">1527</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_26" title="September 26">September 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Amias_Paulet" title="Amias Paulet">Amias Paulet</a>, Governor of Jersey (b. <a href="/wiki/1532" title="1532">1532</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1" title="October 1">October 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward_James_(martyr)" title="Edward James (martyr)">Edward James</a>, English <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Martyr" title="Martyr">martyr</a> (executed at <a href="/wiki/Chichester" title="Chichester">Chichester</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2" title="October 2">October 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bernardino_Telesio" title="Bernardino Telesio">Bernardino Telesio</a>, Italian philosopher and natural scientist (b. <a href="/wiki/1509" title="1509">1509</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_23" title="October 23">October 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Juan_Mart%C3%ADnez_de_Recalde" title="Juan Martínez de Recalde">Juan Martínez de Recalde</a>, Spanish admiral (b. c. 1540)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1" title="November 1">November 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jean_Daurat" title="Jean Daurat">Jean Daurat</a>, French poet and scholar (b. <a href="/wiki/1508" title="1508">1508</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_19" title="December 19">December 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Esther_Handali" title="Esther Handali">Esther Handali</a>, Ottoman businessperson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_23" title="December 23">December 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_I,_Duke_of_Guise" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry I, Duke of Guise">Henry I, Duke of Guise</a>, French Catholic leader (b. <a href="/wiki/1550" title="1550">1550</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_24" title="December 24">December 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_II,_Cardinal_of_Guise" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis II, Cardinal of Guise">Louis II, Cardinal of Guise</a>, French Catholic cardinal (b. <a href="/wiki/1555" title="1555">1555</a>)</li> <li><i>date unknown</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Dur%C3%A1n" title="Diego Durán">Diego Durán</a>, Dominican friar and historian in colonial Mexico (b. c. <a href="/wiki/1537" title="1537">1537</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Field_(Puritan)" title="John Field (Puritan)">John Field</a>, British Puritan clergyman and controversialist (b. <a href="/wiki/1545" title="1545">1545</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonam_Gyatso,_3rd_Dalai_Lama" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonam Gyatso, 3rd Dalai Lama">Sonam Gyatso, 3rd Dalai Lama</a>, the first Dalai Lama to use the title (b. <a href="/wiki/1543" title="1543">1543</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plautilla_Nelli" title="Plautilla Nelli">Plautilla Nelli</a>, Italian painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1524" title="1524">1524</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Sandys_(bishop)" title="Edwin Sandys (bishop)">Edwin Sandys</a>, English prelate (b. <a href="/wiki/1519" title="1519">1519</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenau_Simonsdochter_Hasselaer" title="Kenau Simonsdochter Hasselaer">Kenau Simonsdochter Hasselaer</a>, Dutch war heroine (b. <a href="/wiki/1526" title="1526">1526</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1588&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Philippe Levillain, ed., <i>The Papacy: An Encyclopedia</i> (Routledge, 2002) p. 772</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Daniel Stone, <i>The Polish-Lithuanian state, 1386-1795</i> (University of Washington Press, 2001) pp. 131–132</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBennassarJacquartBlayauDenis2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bennassar, B.; Jacquart, J.; Blayau, N.; Denis, M.; Lebrun, F. (May 11, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Bclk7EjjwP0C&dq=%C3%81lvaro+de+Baz%C3%A1n+%229+de+febrero+de+1588%22&pg=PA379"><i>Historia moderna</i></a> (in Spanish). Ediciones AKAL. p. 379. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-7600-990-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-7600-990-1"><bdi>978-84-7600-990-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+moderna&rft.pages=379&rft.pub=Ediciones+AKAL&rft.date=2005-05-11&rft.isbn=978-84-7600-990-1&rft.aulast=Bennassar&rft.aufirst=B.&rft.au=Jacquart%2C+J.&rft.au=Blayau%2C+N.&rft.au=Denis%2C+M.&rft.au=Lebrun%2C+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBclk7EjjwP0C%26dq%3D%25C3%2581lvaro%2Bde%2BBaz%25C3%25A1n%2B%25229%2Bde%2Bfebrero%2Bde%2B1588%2522%26pg%3DPA379&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Travels of Pedro Teixeira</i>, translated by William F. Sinclair (Hakluyt Society, 1902) p. ix</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"History and chronology in early modern Iran: The Safavid Empire in comparative perspective", by Stephen P. Blake, in <i>Perceptions of Iran: History, Myths and Nationalism from Medieval Persia to the Islamic Republic</i>, ed. by Ali M. Ansari (I.B. Tauris, 2013)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Papers Illustrative of the Origin and Early History of the Royal Hospital at Chelsea</i> (Antiposi Verlag, 2023, reprint of 1872) p.5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWilliamson1988" class="citation book cs1">Williamson, David (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EIJyAAAAMAAJ&q=%224%20april%22"><i>Debrett's Kings and Queens of Europe</i></a>. Salem House. p. 106. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88162-364-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88162-364-2"><bdi>978-0-88162-364-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Debrett%27s+Kings+and+Queens+of+Europe&rft.pages=106&rft.pub=Salem+House&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-88162-364-2&rft.aulast=Williamson&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEIJyAAAAMAAJ%26q%3D%25224%2520april%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHesketh_Pearson1963" class="citation book cs1">Hesketh Pearson (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VlhBAAAAIAAJ"><i>Henry of Navarre: His Life</i></a>. London. p. 46.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Henry+of+Navarre%3A+His+Life&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=London&rft.date=1963&rft.au=Hesketh+Pearson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVlhBAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFColin_Martin1975" class="citation book cs1">Colin Martin (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NBGgAAAAMAAJ"><i>Full Fathom Five: Wrecks of the Spanish Armada</i></a>. Viking Press. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-670-33193-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-670-33193-2"><bdi>978-0-670-33193-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Full+Fathom+Five%3A+Wrecks+of+the+Spanish+Armada&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Viking+Press&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-670-33193-2&rft.au=Colin+Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNBGgAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Complaint from Heaven with a Huy & crye and a petition out of Virginia and Maryland", by Josias Fendall (1676), reprinted in <i>The American Colonies and the British Empire, 1607-1783</i>, ed. by Steven Sarson (Taylor & Francis, 2020) p.58</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Daniel Schreier, <i>St Helenian English: Origins, Evolution and Variation</i> (John Benjamins Publishing, 2008)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Max Boot, <i>War Made New: Technology, Warfare, and the Course of History, 1500 to Today</i> (Gotham Books, 2006) p.35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSaupin2010" class="citation book cs1">Saupin, Guy (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lafrancealepoque0000saup/page/150/mode/2up?q=1588"><i>La France à l'époque moderne</i></a>. Paris: A. Colin. p. 150. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-200-25575-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-200-25575-6"><bdi>978-2-200-25575-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+France+%C3%A0+l%27%C3%A9poque+moderne&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=150&rft.pub=A.+Colin&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-2-200-25575-6&rft.aulast=Saupin&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flafrancealepoque0000saup%2Fpage%2F150%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3D1588&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rmg.co.uk/collections/research-guides/research-guide-p3-charts-spanish-armada-robert-adams-museum">"Research guide P3: Charts of the Spanish Armada by Robert Adams in the Museum | Royal Museums Greenwich"</a>. <i>www.rmg.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 519. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-299-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-299-9"><bdi>978-1-59884-299-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Tudor+England+%5B3+volumes%5D%3A+%5B3+volumes%5D&rft.pages=519&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing+USA&rft.date=2011-12-09&rft.isbn=978-1-59884-299-9&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=John+A.&rft.au=Schmid%2C+Susan+Walters&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7uPNEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%25228%2Baugust%2B1588%2522%2Bbattle%2Bof%2Bgravelines%26pg%3DPA519&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-armada-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-armada_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-armada_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFParkerMitchellBell2004" class="citation journal cs1">Parker, Geoffrey; Mitchell, Andrew; Bell, Lawrence (January 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00253359.2004.10656908">"ANATOMY OF DEFEAT: THE TESTIMONY OF JUAN MARTÍNEZ DE RECALDE AND DON ALONSO MARTÍNEZ DE LEYVA ON THE FAILURE OF THE SPANISH ARMADA IN 1588"</a>. <i>The Mariner's Mirror</i>. <b>90</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">314–</span>347. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00253359.2004.10656908">10.1080/00253359.2004.10656908</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0025-3359">0025-3359</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:161675228">161675228</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Mariner%27s+Mirror&rft.atitle=ANATOMY+OF+DEFEAT%3A+THE+TESTIMONY+OF+JUAN+MART%C3%8DNEZ+DE+RECALDE+AND+DON+ALONSO+MART%C3%8DNEZ+DE+LEYVA+ON+THE+FAILURE+OF+THE+SPANISH+ARMADA+IN+1588&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E314-%3C%2Fspan%3E347&rft.date=2004-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A161675228%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0025-3359&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00253359.2004.10656908&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+Andrew&rft.au=Bell%2C+Lawrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Fpdf%2F10.1080%2F00253359.2004.10656908&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/queen-elizabeth-speech-troops-tilbury">"Queen Elizabeth I's speech to the troops at Tilbury | Royal Museums Greenwich"</a>. <i>www.rmg.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.rmg.co.uk&rft.atitle=Queen+Elizabeth+I%27s+speech+to+the+troops+at+Tilbury+%7C+Royal+Museums+Greenwich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rmg.co.uk%2Fstories%2Ftopics%2Fqueen-elizabeth-speech-troops-tilbury&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Boddie, John Bennett (April 1934). "Boddie of Essex, England and Virginia". William and Mary College Quarterly Historical Magazine. 14 (2): 114–140</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Morgan-Welsh-bishop">"William Morgan - Welsh bishop"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 16,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=William+Morgan+-+Welsh+bishop&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FWilliam-Morgan-Welsh-bishop&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAloysius_Martinich1996" class="citation book cs1">Aloysius Martinich (November 27, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fExdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA4"><i>Thomas Hobbes</i></a>. Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-349-25185-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-349-25185-8"><bdi>978-1-349-25185-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thomas+Hobbes&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Macmillan+International+Higher+Education&rft.date=1996-11-27&rft.isbn=978-1-349-25185-8&rft.au=Aloysius+Martinich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfExdDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged June 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMichaelI._Wilson2017" class="citation book cs1">MichaelI. Wilson (July 5, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wzcrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA7"><i>Nicholas Lanier: Master of the King's Musick</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-351-55639-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-351-55639-2"><bdi>978-1-351-55639-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nicholas+Lanier%3A+Master+of+the+King%27s+Musick&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2017-07-05&rft.isbn=978-1-351-55639-2&rft.au=MichaelI.+Wilson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwzcrDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Douglas_Lockhart2004" class="citation book cs1">Paul Douglas Lockhart (January 1, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PTJgzidcXNkC&pg=PA1"><i>Frederik II and the Protestant Cause: Denmark's Role in the Wars of Religion, 1559-1596</i></a>. BRILL. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-13790-4" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-13790-4"><bdi>90-04-13790-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Frederik+II+and+the+Protestant+Cause%3A+Denmark%27s+Role+in+the+Wars+of+Religion%2C+1559-1596&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.isbn=90-04-13790-4&rft.au=Paul+Douglas+Lockhart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPTJgzidcXNkC%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_R._Rearick1988" class="citation book cs1">William R. Rearick (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2mbUe9iJ3uQC"><i>The Art of Paolo Veronese, 1528-1588</i></a>. National Gallery of Art. p. 161. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89468-124-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89468-124-0"><bdi>978-0-89468-124-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+Paolo+Veronese%2C+1528-1588&rft.pages=161&rft.pub=National+Gallery+of+Art&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-89468-124-0&rft.au=William+R.+Rearick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2mbUe9iJ3uQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIan_Dawson1998" class="citation book cs1">Ian Dawson (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Czq-f-9cLSsC&pg=PA376"><i>Who's who in British History: A-H</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 376. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-884964-90-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-884964-90-9"><bdi>978-1-884964-90-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who%27s+who+in+British+History%3A+A-H&rft.pages=376&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-1-884964-90-9&rft.au=Ian+Dawson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCzq-f-9cLSsC%26pg%3DPA376&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeslie_Stephen1895" class="citation book cs1">Leslie Stephen (1895). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aiYJAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA82"><i>Dictionary of National Biography</i></a>. 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Bloomsbury Academic. p. 197. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780567664143" title="Special:BookSources/9780567664143"><bdi>9780567664143</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Saints%3A+A+Comprehensive+Biographical+Dictionary&rft.pages=197&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780567664143&rft.aulast=Watkins&rft.aufirst=Basil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Da06TCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Monjarás-Ruiz, Jesús, "Fray Diego Durán, un evangelizador conquistado", en Dimensión Antropológica, vol. 2, septiembre-diciembre, 1994, pp. 43-56. Disponible en: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.dimensionantropologica.inah.gob.mx/?p=1552">http://www.dimensionantropologica.inah.gob.mx/?p=1552</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.himalayanart.org/search/set.cfm?setID=203">"Incarnation Lineage: Dalai Lama Main Page"</a>. <i>himalayanart.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 16,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=himalayanart.org&rft.atitle=Incarnation+Lineage%3A+Dalai+Lama+Main+Page&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.himalayanart.org%2Fsearch%2Fset.cfm%3FsetID%3D203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1588" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1588&oldid=1257357104">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1588&oldid=1257357104</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1588" title="Category:1588">1588</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Leap_years_in_the_Gregorian_calendar" title="Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar">Leap years in the Gregorian calendar</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_June_2023" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from June 2023">Articles with dead external links from June 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2011" title="Category:Use mdy dates from March 2011">Use mdy dates from March 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_January_2016" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from January 2016">Articles needing additional references from January 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 14 November 2024, at 14:19<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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