CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>New York City Subway - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4388d8c0-9eeb-4f75-b6e4-8834573569d6","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"New_York_City_Subway","wgTitle":"New York City Subway","wgCurRevisionId":1259822138,"wgRevisionId":1259822138,"wgArticleId":285510,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from March 2018","Articles with permanently dead external links","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use American English from September 2024","All Wikipedia articles written in American English","Use mdy dates from September 2024","Good articles","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018", "All articles containing potentially dated statements","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019","Articles containing potentially dated statements from May 2024","Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2022","All accuracy disputes","Articles with disputed statements from January 2024","Articles containing potentially dated statements from August 2023","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2024","Pages using New York City Subway service templates","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2022","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2021","Articles containing potentially dated statements from October 2021","Articles containing potentially dated statements from February 2022","Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles using KML not from Wikidata","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia","Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata", "Articles containing video clips","Rail transportation in the New York metropolitan area","New York City Subway","600 V DC railway electrification","Railway lines opened in 1863","Rapid transit in New York (state)","Standard gauge railways in the United States","Underground rapid transit in the United States"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"New_York_City_Subway","wgRelevantArticleId":285510,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true}, "wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":300000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q7733","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.gallery","mediawiki.page.media","ext.tmh.player","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints", "ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg/1200px-Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="770"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg/800px-Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="513"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg/640px-Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="410"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="New York City Subway - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City_Subway"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City_Subway"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-New_York_City_Subway rootpage-New_York_City_Subway skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=New+York+City+Subway" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=New+York+City+Subway" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=New+York+City+Subway" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=New+York+City+Subway" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 History </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Construction_methods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction_methods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Construction methods </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction_methods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Expansion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lines_and_routes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lines_and_routes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Lines and routes </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lines_and_routes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Lines and routes subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Lines_and_routes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nomenclature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nomenclature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Nomenclature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nomenclature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subway_map" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subway_map"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Subway map </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subway_map-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Stations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Stations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Stations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Stations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Concourse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concourse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Concourse </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Concourse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Platforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Platforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Platforms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Platforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accessibility" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accessibility"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Accessibility </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accessibility-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rolling_stock" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rolling_stock"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Rolling stock </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rolling_stock-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fares" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fares"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Fares </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fares-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Fares subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Fares-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-MetroCard" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MetroCard"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 MetroCard </div> </a> <ul id="toc-MetroCard-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-OMNY" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#OMNY"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 OMNY </div> </a> <ul id="toc-OMNY-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modernization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modernization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Modernization </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modernization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Safety_and_security" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Safety_and_security"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Safety and security </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Safety_and_security-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Safety and security subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Safety_and_security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Signaling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Signaling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Signaling </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Signaling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wayside_block_signaling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wayside_block_signaling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.1 Wayside block signaling </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wayside_block_signaling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Communications-based_train_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communications-based_train_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.2 Communications-based train control </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Communications-based_train_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Train_accidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Train_accidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Train accidents </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Train_accidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Passenger_safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Passenger_safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Passenger safety </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Passenger_safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Track_safety_and_suicides" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Track_safety_and_suicides"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.1 Track safety and suicides </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Track_safety_and_suicides-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.2 Crime </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Photography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Photography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.3 Photography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Photography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Terrorism_prevention" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terrorism_prevention"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.4 Terrorism prevention </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terrorism_prevention-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Challenges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Challenges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Challenges </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Challenges-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Challenges subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Challenges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2009–2010_budget_cuts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2009–2010_budget_cuts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 2009–2010 budget cuts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2009–2010_budget_cuts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2017–2021_state_of_emergency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2017–2021_state_of_emergency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 2017–2021 state of emergency </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2017–2021_state_of_emergency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Capacity_constraints" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Capacity_constraints"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Capacity constraints </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Capacity_constraints-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Expanding_service_frequency_via_CBTC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expanding_service_frequency_via_CBTC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3.1 Expanding service frequency via CBTC </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expanding_service_frequency_via_CBTC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Service_frequency_and_car_capacity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Service_frequency_and_car_capacity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3.2 Service frequency and car capacity </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Service_frequency_and_car_capacity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Platform_crowd_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Platform_crowd_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3.3 Platform crowd control </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Platform_crowd_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subway_flooding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subway_flooding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Subway flooding </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subway_flooding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Full_and_partial_subway_closures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Full_and_partial_subway_closures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Full and partial subway closures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Full_and_partial_subway_closures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litter_and_rodents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litter_and_rodents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.6 Litter and rodents </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litter_and_rodents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Noise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.7 Noise </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_relations_and_cultural_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_relations_and_cultural_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Public relations and cultural impact </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Public_relations_and_cultural_impact-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Public relations and cultural impact subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Public_relations_and_cultural_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Entertainment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Entertainment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Entertainment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Entertainment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Miss_Subways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Miss_Subways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Miss Subways </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Miss_Subways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subway_Series" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subway_Series"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Subway Series </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subway_Series-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holiday_Nostalgia_Train" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holiday_Nostalgia_Train"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.4 Holiday Nostalgia Train </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Holiday_Nostalgia_Train-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Full_train_wraps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Full_train_wraps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.5 Full train wraps </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Full_train_wraps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBT_Pride-themed_trains_and_MetroCards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBT_Pride-themed_trains_and_MetroCards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.6 LGBT Pride-themed trains and MetroCards </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBT_Pride-themed_trains_and_MetroCards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guerrilla_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guerrilla_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.7 Guerrilla art </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guerrilla_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-No_Pants_Ride" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#No_Pants_Ride"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.8 No Pants Ride </div> </a> <ul id="toc-No_Pants_Ride-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">New York City Subway</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 68 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" > 68 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%83" title="مترو نيويورك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مترو نيويورك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_de_Nueva_York" title="Metro de Nueva York – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Metro de Nueva York" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyu-York_metropoliteni" title="Nyu-York metropoliteni – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Nyu-York metropoliteni" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87" title="নিউ ইয়র্ক সিটি সাবওয়ে – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নিউ ইয়র্ক সিটি সাবওয়ে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E-%D0%81%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Нью-Ёркскі метрапалітэн – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нью-Ёркскі метрапалітэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E-%D0%81%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Нью-Ёрскі мэтрапалітэн – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нью-Ёрскі мэтрапалітэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D0%B9%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Нюйоркско метро – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нюйоркско метро" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_de_Nova_York" title="Metro de Nova York – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Metro de Nova York" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_v_New_Yorku" title="Metro v New Yorku – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Metro v New Yorku" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="New York City Subway" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="New York City Subway" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Yorgi_metroo" title="New Yorgi metroo – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="New Yorgi metroo" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CF%8C_%CE%9D%CE%AD%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A5%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Μετρό Νέας Υόρκης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μετρό Νέας Υόρκης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_de_Nueva_York" title="Metro de Nueva York – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Metro de Nueva York" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metroo_de_Novjorko" title="Metroo de Novjorko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Metroo de Novjorko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Yorkeko_metroa" title="New Yorkeko metroa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="New Yorkeko metroa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="متروی نیویورک سیتی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="متروی نیویورک سیتی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_de_New_York" title="Métro de New York – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Métro de New York" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway_Chathair_Nua-Eabhrac" title="Subway Chathair Nua-Eabhrac – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Subway Chathair Nua-Eabhrac" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_de_Nova_York" title="Metro de Nova York – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Metro de Nova York" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E5%9C%B0%E9%90%B5" title="紐約地鐵 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="紐約地鐵" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%89%B4%EC%9A%95_%EC%A7%80%ED%95%98%EC%B2%A0" title="뉴욕 지하철 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뉴욕 지하철" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82_%D5%85%D5%B8%D6%80%D6%84%D5%AB_%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8" title="Նյու Յորքի մետրո – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նյու Յորքի մետրո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podzemna_%C5%BEeljeznica_New_York" title="Podzemna željeznica New York – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Podzemna željeznica New York" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kereta_Bawah_Tanah_Kota_New_York" title="Kereta Bawah Tanah Kota New York – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kereta Bawah Tanah Kota New York" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ne%C3%B0anjar%C3%B0arlestarkerfi_New_York-borgar" title="Neðanjarðarlestarkerfi New York-borgar – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Neðanjarðarlestarkerfi New York-borgar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitana_di_New_York" title="Metropolitana di New York – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Metropolitana di New York" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%97%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A7" title="הרכבת התחתית של ניו יורק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הרכבת התחתית של ניו יורק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3-%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ნიუ-იორკის მეტროპოლიტენი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნიუ-იორკის მეტროპოლიტენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metroya_bajar%C3%AA_New_York%C3%AA" title="Metroya bajarê New Yorkê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Metroya bajarê New Yorkê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrivia_metropolitana_Neo-Eboracensis" title="Ferrivia metropolitana Neo-Eboracensis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ferrivia metropolitana Neo-Eboracensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%85ujorkas_metro" title="Ņujorkas metro – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ņujorkas metro" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niujorko_metropolitenas" title="Niujorko metropolitenas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Niujorko metropolitenas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York-i_metr%C3%B3" title="New York-i metró – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="New York-i metró" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87" title="न्यू यॉर्क सिटी सबवे – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="न्यू यॉर्क सिटी सबवे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kereta_Api_Bawah_Tanah_Bandar_Raya_New_York" title="Kereta Api Bawah Tanah Bandar Raya New York – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kereta Api Bawah Tanah Bandar Raya New York" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E-%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Нью-Йоркийн метро – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нью-Йоркийн метро" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7_%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%91%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="နယူးယောက်မြို့ မြေအောက်ရထား – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="နယူးယောက်မြို့ မြေအောက်ရထား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_van_New_York" title="Metro van New York – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Metro van New York" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E9%89%84" title="ニューヨーク市地下鉄 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニューヨーク市地下鉄" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Yorks_undergrunnsbane" title="New Yorks undergrunnsbane – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="New Yorks undergrunnsbane" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A8tro_de_N%C3%B2va_York" title="Mètro de Nòva York – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mètro de Nòva York" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyu-York_metropoliteni" title="Nyu-York metropoliteni – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Nyu-York metropoliteni" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%85" title="ਨਿਊ ਯਾਰਕ ਸਿਟੀ ਸਬਵੇਅ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਿਊ ਯਾਰਕ ਸਿਟੀ ਸਬਵੇਅ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A8_%D9%88%DB%92" title="نیویارک سٹی سب وے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نیویارک سٹی سب وے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_w_Nowym_Jorku" title="Metro w Nowym Jorku – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Metro w Nowym Jorku" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitano_de_Nova_Iorque" title="Metropolitano de Nova Iorque – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Metropolitano de Nova Iorque" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metroul_din_New_York" title="Metroul din New York – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Metroul din New York" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E-%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Нью-Йоркский метрополитен – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нью-Йоркский метрополитен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="New York City Subway" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newyorsk%C3%A9_metro" title="Newyorské metro – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Newyorské metro" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newyor%C5%A1ka_podzemna_%C5%BEeleznica" title="Newyorška podzemna železnica – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Newyorška podzemna železnica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%95%DA%95%DB%8E%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%86%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="بنەڕێی نیویۆرک ستی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بنەڕێی نیویۆرک ستی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8A%D1%83%D1%98%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Њујоршки метро – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Њујоршки метро" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njujor%C5%A1ki_metro" title="Njujorški metro – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Njujorški metro" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Yorkin_metro" title="New Yorkin metro – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="New Yorkin metro" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Yorks_tunnelbana" title="New Yorks tunnelbana – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="New Yorks tunnelbana" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="New York City Subway" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87" title="நியூயார்க் நகர சப்வே – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நியூயார்க் நகர சப்வே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E-%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Нью-Йорк метрополитены – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Нью-Йорк метрополитены" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%96%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="รถไฟใต้ดินนครนิวยอร์ก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รถไฟใต้ดินนครนิวยอร์ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Metrosu" title="New York Metrosu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="New York Metrosu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E-%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Нью-Йоркський метрополітен – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нью-Йоркський метрополітен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A8_%D9%88%DB%92" title="نیویارک سٹی سب وے – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیویارک سٹی سب وے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A0u_%C4%91i%E1%BB%87n_ng%E1%BA%A7m_Th%C3%A0nh_ph%E1%BB%91_New_York" title="Tàu điện ngầm Thành phố New York – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tàu điện ngầm Thành phố New York" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E7%BA%A6%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81" title="纽约地铁 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="纽约地铁" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E5%9C%B0%E9%90%B5" title="紐約地鐵 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="紐約地鐵" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E5%9C%B0%E9%90%B5" title="紐約地鐵 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="紐約地鐵" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7733#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:New_York_City_Subway" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/New_York_City_Subway" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/New_York_City_Subway" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&oldid=1259822138" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=New_York_City_Subway&id=1259822138&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNew_York_City_Subway">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNew_York_City_Subway">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=New_York_City_Subway&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7733" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-attached-kml" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output">Route map: </div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Rapid transit system in New York City</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ededed;">New York City Subway</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg/218px-MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="218" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg/327px-MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg/436px-MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="100" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A 1 train, composed here of R62A cars is seen above ground entering the 207th Street station. The front of the train contains two white lights providing slight illumination, two windows, a door, and the Symbol for the 1 line on the left window." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg/300px-Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg/450px-Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg/600px-Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="2586" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:R160_E_enters_42nd_Street.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Top: A 1 train made up of ten R62A cars enters the 207th Street station. Bottom: An E train made up of ten R160A cars enters the 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal station."><img alt="An E train, here composed of R160A cars is seen entering the 42nd St-Port Authority Bus Terminal station. The front of the train contains two white lights providing slight illumination, a window on the left side, the American flag on the right side, and the MTA logo below the flag." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/R160_E_enters_42nd_Street.jpg/300px-R160_E_enters_42nd_Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/R160_E_enters_42nd_Street.jpg/450px-R160_E_enters_42nd_Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/R160_E_enters_42nd_Street.jpg/600px-R160_E_enters_42nd_Street.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Top: A <a href="/wiki/1_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="1 (New York City Subway service)">1</a> train made up of ten <a href="/wiki/R62A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R62A (New York City Subway car)">R62A</a> cars enters the <a href="/wiki/207th_Street_station" title="207th Street station">207th Street station</a>. Bottom: An <a href="/wiki/E_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="E (New York City Subway service)">E</a> train made up of ten <a href="/wiki/R160_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R160 (New York City Subway car)">R160A</a> cars enters the <a href="/wiki/42nd_Street%E2%80%93Port_Authority_Bus_Terminal_station" title="42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal station">42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal station</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">Overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_New_York_City" title="Government of New York City">City of New York</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area served</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">The Bronx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Locale</th><td class="infobox-data">New York City</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Transit type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Rapid transit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of lines</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_lines" title="List of New York City Subway lines">36</a> lines<a href="#cite_note-1">[note 1]</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_services" title="List of New York City Subway services">28</a> services (1 planned)<a href="#cite_note-2">[note 2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of stations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_stations" title="List of New York City Subway stations">472</a><a href="#cite_note-ridership2014-3">[1]</a> (<a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">MTA</a> total count)<a href="#cite_note-planned_stations-7">[note 3]</a><a href="#cite_note-stationnote-9">[note 4]</a> 423 unique stations<a href="#cite_note-stationnote-9">[note 4]</a><a href="#cite_note-ridership2014-3">[1]</a> (when compared to <a href="/wiki/List_of_metro_systems" title="List of metro systems">international standards</a>) 14 planned<a href="#cite_note-planned_stations-7">[note 3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual ridership</th><td class="infobox-data">2,027,286,000<a href="#cite_note-APTA_Ridership_Report-10">[6]</a>: 2 <a href="#cite_note-ridershipnote-11">[note 5]</a> (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/agency/new-york-city-transit">new.mta.info/agency/new-york-city-transit</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">Operation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Began operation</th><td class="infobox-data">October 27, 1904; 120 years ago (1904-10-27) (<a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_the_IRT_subway" title="Early history of the IRT subway">Original subway</a>) July 3, 1868; 156 years ago (1868-07-03)<a href="#cite_note-12">[7]</a> (first elevated, rapid transit operation) October 9, 1863; 161 years ago (1863-10-09) (first railroad operation)<a href="#cite_note-13">[note 6]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="New York City Transit Authority">New York City Transit Authority</a> (NYCTA)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of vehicles</th><td class="infobox-data">6,787<a href="#cite_note-20252029capitalplan-14">[8]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Headway" title="Headway">Headway</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Peak hours: 2–10 minutes<a href="#cite_note-ALine-15">[9]</a> Off-peak: 8–16 minutes<a href="#cite_note-ALine-15">[9]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">Technical</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">System length</th><td class="infobox-data">248 mi (399 km)<a href="#cite_note-mtabudget-16">[10]</a>      (route length) 665 mi (1,070 km)<a href="#cite_note-mtabudget-16">[10]</a>      (track length, revenue) 850 mi (1,370 km)<a href="#cite_note-NYCSubway.org-17">[11]</a>      (track length, total)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">Track gauge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) <a href="/wiki/Standard_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard gauge">standard gauge</a><a href="#cite_note-NYCSubway.org-17">[11]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Railway_electrification" title="Railway electrification">Electrification</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Third_rail" title="Third rail">Third rail</a>, 600–650 V DC (625 V nominal)<a href="#cite_note-NYCSubway.org-17">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Engineering_and_Technology_History-18">[12]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Average speed</th><td class="infobox-data">17.4 mph (28.0 km/h)<a href="#cite_note-ggw5183-19">[13]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Top speed</th><td class="infobox-data">55 mph (89 km/h)<a href="#cite_note-ggw5183-19">[13]</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 0px;"><table style="width:100%; margin:0; border:none;" class="collapsible collapsed"> <tbody><tr style="background-color: #efefef;" class="infobox-header"><th style="text-align: center;">System map</th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"> <a href="/wiki/File:NYC_subway-4D.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/NYC_subway-4D.svg/220px-NYC_subway-4D.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/NYC_subway-4D.svg/330px-NYC_subway-4D.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/NYC_subway-4D.svg/440px-NYC_subway-4D.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="553" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:New_York_City_Subway" title="Category:New York City Subway">a series</a> of articles on</td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg/210px-MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="210" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg/315px-MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg/420px-MTA_New_York_City_Subway_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="100" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid; border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Overview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="History of the New York City Subway">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_stations" title="New York City Subway stations">Stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_rolling_stock" title="New York City Subway rolling stock">Rolling stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_expansion" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City Subway expansion">Expansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_nomenclature" title="New York City Subway nomenclature">Nomenclature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_services" title="List of New York City Subway services">Services</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_City_Subway_sidebar" title="Template:New York City Subway sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_York_City_Subway_sidebar" title="Template talk:New York City Subway sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_York_City_Subway_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New York City Subway sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The New York City Subway is a <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">rapid transit</a> system in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> serving the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_boroughs" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City boroughs">boroughs</a> of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">the Bronx</a>. It is owned by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_New_York_City" title="Government of New York City">government of New York City</a> and leased to the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="New York City Transit Authority">New York City Transit Authority</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Hood,_Clifton_2004-20">[14]</a> an affiliate agency of the state-run <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a> (MTA).<a href="#cite_note-21">[15]</a> Opened on October 27, 1904, the New York City Subway is one of the world's oldest public transit systems, one of the most-used, and the one with the most stations,<a href="#cite_note-22">[16]</a> with <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_stations" title="New York City Subway stations">472 stations in operation</a><a href="#cite_note-MTA-HowtoRideSubway-23">[17]</a> (423, if stations connected by transfers are counted as single stations).<a href="#cite_note-ridership2014-3">[1]</a> The system has operated <a href="/wiki/24/7_service" title="24/7 service">24/7 service</a> every day of the year throughout most of its history, barring emergencies and disasters. By annual ridership, the New York City Subway is the busiest rapid transit system in both the <a href="/wiki/Western_Hemisphere" title="Western Hemisphere">Western Hemisphere</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">Western world</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_metro_systems" title="List of metro systems">eleventh-busiest rapid transit rail system</a> in the world.<a href="#cite_note-24">[18]</a> The subway carried 2,027,286,000 unlinked, non-unique riders in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-APTA_Ridership_Report-10">[6]</a>: 2 <a href="#cite_note-ridershipnote-11">[note 5]</a> Daily ridership has been calculated since 1985; the record, over 6.2 million, was set on October 29, 2015.<a href="#cite_note-26">[20]</a> The system is also one of the world's longest. Overall, the system contains 248 miles (399 km) of routes,<a href="#cite_note-mtabudget-16">[10]</a> translating into 665 miles (1,070 km) of revenue track<a href="#cite_note-mtabudget-16">[10]</a> and a total of 850 miles (1,370 km) including <a href="/wiki/Non-revenue_track" title="Non-revenue track">non-revenue trackage</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYCSubway.org-17">[11]</a> Of the system's 28 routes or "services" (which usually share track or "lines" with other services), 25 pass through Manhattan, the exceptions being the <a href="/wiki/G_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="G (New York City Subway service)">G</a> train, the <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Avenue_Shuttle" title="Franklin Avenue Shuttle">Franklin Avenue Shuttle</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Rockaway_Park_Shuttle" title="Rockaway Park Shuttle">Rockaway Park Shuttle</a>. Large portions of the subway outside Manhattan are elevated, on <a href="/wiki/Embankment_(transportation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Embankment (transportation)">embankments</a>, or in <a href="/wiki/Cut_(earthmoving)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cut (earthmoving)">open cuts</a>, and a few stretches of track run at ground level; 40% of track is above ground.<a href="#cite_note-27">[21]</a> Many lines and stations have both <a href="/wiki/Express_train" title="Express train">express</a> and local services. These lines have three or four tracks. Normally, the outer two are used by local trains, while the inner one or two are used by express trains.<a href="#cite_note-NYCSubway.org-17">[11]</a> As of 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit">[update]</a>, the New York City Subway's budgetary burden for expenditures was $8.7 billion, supported by collection of fares, bridge tolls, and <a href="/wiki/Earmark_(finance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Earmark (finance)">earmarked</a> regional taxes and fees, as well as direct funding from state and local governments.<a href="#cite_note-28">[22]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="History of the New York City Subway">History of the New York City Subway</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King%27s_Color-graphs_of_New_York_City11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/King%27s_Color-graphs_of_New_York_City11.jpg/220px-King%27s_Color-graphs_of_New_York_City11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/King%27s_Color-graphs_of_New_York_City11.jpg/330px-King%27s_Color-graphs_of_New_York_City11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/King%27s_Color-graphs_of_New_York_City11.jpg/440px-King%27s_Color-graphs_of_New_York_City11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="2698" /></a><figcaption>Some old pictures from the New York City Subway (1910)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:City_Hall_Subway_station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/City_Hall_Subway_station.jpg/220px-City_Hall_Subway_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/City_Hall_Subway_station.jpg/330px-City_Hall_Subway_station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/City_Hall_Subway_station.jpg/440px-City_Hall_Subway_station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4560" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/City_Hall_station_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" title="City Hall station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">City Hall station</a> of the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Lexington Avenue Line">IRT Lexington Avenue Line</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_the_IRT_subway" title="Early history of the IRT subway">first underground line of the subway</a> that opened on October 27, 1904</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Ely_Beach" title="Alfred Ely Beach">Alfred Ely Beach</a> built the first demonstration for an underground transit system in New York City in 1869 and opened it in February 1870.<a href="#cite_note-Brennan-29">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[24]</a> His <a href="/wiki/Beach_Pneumatic_Transit" title="Beach Pneumatic Transit">Beach Pneumatic Transit</a> only extended 312 feet (95 m) under <a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Broadway</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lower_Manhattan" title="Lower Manhattan">Lower Manhattan</a> operating from Warren Street to Murray Street<a href="#cite_note-Brennan-29">[23]</a> and exhibited his idea for an <a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_railway" title="Atmospheric railway">atmospheric railway</a> as a subway. The tunnel was never extended for political and financial reasons.<a href="#cite_note-31">[25]</a> Today, no part of this line remains as the tunnel was completely within the limits of the present-day <a href="/wiki/City_Hall_(BMT_Broadway_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="City Hall (BMT Broadway Line)">City Hall station</a> under Broadway.<a href="#cite_note-32">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyt1996-34">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyt_201308-35">[29]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Great_Blizzard_of_1888" title="Great Blizzard of 1888">Great Blizzard of 1888</a> helped demonstrate the benefits of an underground transportation system.<a href="#cite_note-36">[30]</a> A plan for the construction of the subway was approved in 1894, and construction began in 1900.<a href="#cite_note-:7-37">[31]</a> Even though the underground portions of the subway had yet to be built, several above-ground segments of the modern-day New York City Subway system were already in service by then. The oldest structure still in use opened in 1885 as part of the <a href="/wiki/BMT_Lexington_Avenue_Line" title="BMT Lexington Avenue Line">BMT Lexington Avenue Line</a> in Brooklyn<a href="#cite_note-Gates-38">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto2-39">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-Chauncey-40">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-MBC-41">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-Alabama-42">[36]</a> and is now part of the <a href="/wiki/BMT_Jamaica_Line" title="BMT Jamaica Line">BMT Jamaica Line</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYCSorg-BMTJamaica-43">[37]</a> The oldest right-of-way, which is part of the <a href="/wiki/BMT_West_End_Line" title="BMT West End Line">BMT West End Line</a> near <a href="/wiki/Coney_Island_Creek" title="Coney Island Creek">Coney Island Creek</a>, was in use in 1864 as a steam railroad called the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn,_Bath_and_Coney_Island_Rail_Road" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn, Bath and Coney Island Rail Road">Brooklyn, Bath and Coney Island Rail Road</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[40]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_the_IRT_subway" title="Early history of the IRT subway">first underground line of the subway</a> opened on October 27, 1904, almost 36 years after the opening of the first elevated line in New York City (which became the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Ninth_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Ninth Avenue Line">IRT Ninth Avenue Line</a>).<a href="#cite_note-:5-47">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-nycsubway-48">[42]</a> The 9.1-mile (14.6 km) subway line, then called the "Manhattan Main Line", ran from <a href="/wiki/City_Hall_station_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" title="City Hall station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">City Hall station</a> northward under <a href="/wiki/Lafayette_Street" title="Lafayette Street">Lafayette Street</a> (then named Elm Street) and <a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Avenue</a> (then named Fourth Avenue) before turning westward at <a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="42nd Street (Manhattan)">42nd Street</a>. It then curved northward again at <a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times Square</a>, continuing under <a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Broadway</a> before terminating at <a href="/wiki/145th_Street_station_(IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line)" title="145th Street station (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)">145th Street station</a> in <a href="/wiki/Harlem" title="Harlem">Harlem</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[43]</a> Its operation was leased to the <a href="/wiki/Interborough_Rapid_Transit_Company" title="Interborough Rapid Transit Company">Interborough Rapid Transit Company</a> (IRT), and over 150,000 passengers<a href="#cite_note-50">[44]</a> paid the 5-cent fare ($2 in 2023 dollars <a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-51">[45]</a>) to ride it on the first day of operation.<a href="#cite_note-52">[46]</a> By the late 1900s and early 1910s, the lines had been consolidated into two privately owned systems, the IRT and the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Rapid_Transit_Company" title="Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company">Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company</a> (BRT, later <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn%E2%80%93Manhattan_Transit_Corporation" title="Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation">Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation</a>, BMT). The city built most of the lines and leased them to the companies.<a href="#cite_note-53">[47]</a> The first line of the city-owned and operated <a href="/wiki/Independent_Subway_System" title="Independent Subway System">Independent Subway System</a> (IND) opened in 1932.<a href="#cite_note-chambers-54">[48]</a> This system was intended to compete with the private systems and allow some of the elevated railways to be torn down but stayed within the core of the city due to its small startup capital.<a href="#cite_note-Hood,_Clifton_2004-20">[14]</a> This required it to be run 'at cost', necessitating fares up to double the five-cent fare of the time, or 10¢ ($3 in 2023 dollars <a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-51">[45]</a>).<a href="#cite_note-:1-55">[49]</a> In 1940, the city bought the two private systems. Some elevated lines ceased service immediately while others closed soon after.<a href="#cite_note-56">[50]</a> Integration was slow, but <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_inter-division_connections" class="mw-redirect" title="List of New York City Subway inter-division connections">several connections</a> were built between the IND and BMT.<a href="#cite_note-57">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-ChrystieStChanges-1967-58">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-Raskin-RoutesNotTaken-20132-59">[53]</a> These now operate as one division, called the <a href="/wiki/B_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="B Division (New York City Subway)">B Division</a>. Since the former IRT tunnels are narrower, have sharper curves, and shorter station platforms, they cannot accommodate B Division cars, and the former IRT remains its own division, the <a href="/wiki/A_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="A Division (New York City Subway)">A Division</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[54]</a> Many passenger transfers between stations of all three former companies have been created, allowing the entire network to be treated as a single unit.<a href="#cite_note-Sparberg2014-61">[55]</a> During the late 1940s, the system recorded high ridership, and on December 23, 1946, the system-wide record of 8,872,249 fares was set.<a href="#cite_note-62">[56]</a>: 73  The <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="New York City Transit Authority">New York City Transit Authority</a> (NYCTA), a public authority presided by New York City, was created in 1953 to take over subway, bus, and streetcar operations from the city, and placed under control of the state-level <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a> in 1968.<a href="#cite_note-Sparberg2014-61">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[57]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heavily_tagged_subway_car_in_NY.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Heavily_tagged_subway_car_in_NY.jpg/220px-Heavily_tagged_subway_car_in_NY.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Heavily_tagged_subway_car_in_NY.jpg/330px-Heavily_tagged_subway_car_in_NY.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Heavily_tagged_subway_car_in_NY.jpg/440px-Heavily_tagged_subway_car_in_NY.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2900" data-file-height="1917" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Graffiti" title="Graffiti">Graffiti</a> became a notable symbol of declining service during the 1970s.</figcaption></figure> Organized in 1934 by transit workers of the BRT, IRT, and IND,<a href="#cite_note-64">[58]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Transport_Workers_Union_of_America" title="Transport Workers Union of America">Transport Workers Union of America</a> Local 100 remains the largest and most influential local of the labor unions.<a href="#cite_note-65">[59]</a> Since the union's founding, there have been three union strikes over contract disputes with the MTA:<a href="#cite_note-66">[60]</a> 12 days in <a href="/wiki/1966_New_York_City_transit_strike" title="1966 New York City transit strike">1966</a>,<a href="#cite_note-67">[61]</a> 11 days in <a href="/wiki/1980_New_York_City_transit_strike" title="1980 New York City transit strike">1980</a>,<a href="#cite_note-68">[62]</a> and three days in <a href="/wiki/2005_New_York_City_transit_strike" title="2005 New York City transit strike">2005</a>.<a href="#cite_note-69">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[64]</a> By the 1970s and 1980s, the New York City Subway was at an all-time low.<a href="#cite_note-71">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-nycsubway_1980s-72">[66]</a> Ridership had dropped to 1910s levels, and graffiti and crime were rampant. Maintenance was poor, and delays and track problems were common. Still, the NYCTA managed to open six new subway stations in the 1980s,<a href="#cite_note-73">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-nytimes2-74">[68]</a> make the current fleet of subway cars graffiti-free, as well as order 1,775 new subway cars.<a href="#cite_note-75">[69]</a> By the early 1990s, conditions had improved significantly, although maintenance backlogs accumulated during those 20 years are still being fixed today.<a href="#cite_note-nycsubway_1980s-72">[66]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NYCTA-Miller,G_CD1-043.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The Cortlandt Street station is seen partially collapsed" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/NYCTA-Miller%2CG_CD1-043.jpg/220px-NYCTA-Miller%2CG_CD1-043.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/NYCTA-Miller%2CG_CD1-043.jpg/330px-NYCTA-Miller%2CG_CD1-043.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/NYCTA-Miller%2CG_CD1-043.jpg/440px-NYCTA-Miller%2CG_CD1-043.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Cortlandt_Street_(IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cortlandt Street (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)">Cortlandt Street station</a> partially collapsed as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Collapse_of_the_World_Trade_Center" title="Collapse of the World Trade Center">collapse of the World Trade Center</a>.</figcaption></figure> Entering the 21st century, progress continued despite several disasters. The <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a> resulted in <a href="/wiki/Closings_and_cancellations_following_the_September_11_attacks#NYC_Subway" title="Closings and cancellations following the September 11 attacks">service disruptions</a> on lines running through Lower Manhattan, particularly the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line">IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line</a>, which ran directly underneath the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_(1973%E2%80%932001)" title="World Trade Center (1973–2001)">World Trade Center</a>.<a href="#cite_note-USDOT-76">[70]</a> Sections of the tunnel, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Cortlandt_Street_(IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cortlandt Street (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)">Cortlandt Street</a> station, which was directly underneath the Twin Towers, were severely damaged. Rebuilding required the suspension of service on that line south of Chambers Street. Ten other nearby stations were closed for cleanup. By March 2002, seven of those stations had reopened. Except for Cortlandt Street, the rest reopened in September 2002, along with service south of Chambers Street.<a href="#cite_note-auto3-77">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-Brian_Abbott_2004-79">[73]</a> Cortlandt Street reopened in September 2018.<a href="#cite_note-80">[74]</a> In October 2012, <a href="/wiki/Effects_of_Hurricane_Sandy_in_New_York" title="Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York">Hurricane Sandy</a> flooded several underwater tunnels and other facilities near <a href="/wiki/New_York_Harbor" title="New York Harbor">New York Harbor</a>, as well as trackage over <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Bay" title="Jamaica Bay">Jamaica Bay</a>. The immediate damage was fixed within six months, but long-term resiliency and rehabilitation projects continued for several years. The recovery projects after the hurricane included the restoration of the new <a href="/wiki/South_Ferry_(IRT_Broadway-Seventh_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Ferry (IRT Broadway-Seventh Avenue Line)">South Ferry</a> station from 2012 to 2017; the full closure of the <a href="/wiki/Montague_Street_Tunnel" title="Montague Street Tunnel">Montague Street Tunnel</a> from 2013 to 2014; and the partial <a href="/wiki/14th_Street_Tunnel_shutdown" title="14th Street Tunnel shutdown">14th Street Tunnel shutdown</a> from 2019 to 2020.<a href="#cite_note-81">[75]</a> Annual ridership on the New York City Subway system, which totaled nearly 1.7 billion in 2019, declined dramatically during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> and did not surpass one billion again until 2022.<a href="#cite_note-Brachfeld_2022_k163-82">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Construction_methods">Construction methods</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Construction methods">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:7Line_2208_(9124955331).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/7Line_2208_%289124955331%29.jpg/220px-7Line_2208_%289124955331%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/7Line_2208_%289124955331%29.jpg/330px-7Line_2208_%289124955331%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/7Line_2208_%289124955331%29.jpg/440px-7Line_2208_%289124955331%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1278" /></a><figcaption>A stretch of subway track on the <a href="/wiki/7_Subway_Extension" title="7 Subway Extension">7 Subway Extension</a></figcaption></figure> When the <a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_the_IRT_subway" title="Early history of the IRT subway">IRT subway</a> debuted in 1904,<a href="#cite_note-:5-47">[41]</a> the typical tunnel construction method was <a href="/wiki/Cut-and-cover" class="mw-redirect" title="Cut-and-cover">cut-and-cover</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Construction-83">[77]</a> The street was torn up to dig the tunnel below before being rebuilt from above.<a href="#cite_note-Construction-83">[77]</a> Traffic on the street above would be interrupted due to the digging up of the street.<a href="#cite_note-84">[78]</a> Temporary steel and wooden bridges carried surface traffic above the construction.<a href="#cite_note-85">[79]</a> Contractors in this type of construction faced many obstacles, both natural and human made. They had to deal with rock formations and groundwater, which required pumps. Twelve miles of sewers, as well as water and gas mains, electric conduits, and steam pipes had to be rerouted. Street railways had to be torn up to allow the work. The foundations of tall buildings often ran near the subway construction, and in some cases needed underpinning to ensure stability.<a href="#cite_note-86">[80]</a> This method worked well for digging soft dirt and gravel near the street surface.<a href="#cite_note-Construction-83">[77]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tunnelling_shield" title="Tunnelling shield">Tunnelling shields</a> were required for deeper sections, such as the Harlem and <a href="/wiki/East_River" title="East River">East River</a> tunnels, which used cast-iron tubes. Rock or concrete-lined tunnels were used on segments from 33rd to 42nd streets under <a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Park Avenue (Manhattan)">Park Avenue</a>; 116th to 120th Streets under <a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Broadway</a>; 145th to <a href="/wiki/Dyckman_Street" title="Dyckman Street">Dyckman Streets</a> (Fort George) under Broadway and <a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Avenue" title="St. Nicholas Avenue">St. Nicholas Avenue</a>; and 96th Street and Broadway to Central Park North and <a href="/wiki/Lenox_Avenue" title="Lenox Avenue">Lenox Avenue</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Construction-83">[77]</a> About 40% of the subway system runs on surface or elevated tracks, including steel or cast-iron <a href="/wiki/Elevated_railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Elevated railroad">elevated structures</a>, concrete <a href="/wiki/Viaduct" title="Viaduct">viaducts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Embankment_(transportation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Embankment (transportation)">embankments</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cut_(earthmoving)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cut (earthmoving)">open cuts</a> and surface routes.<a href="#cite_note-87">[81]</a> As of 2019<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit">[update]</a>, there are 168 miles (270 km) of elevated tracks.<a href="#cite_note-88">[82]</a> All of these construction methods are completely <a href="/wiki/Grade-separated" class="mw-redirect" title="Grade-separated">grade-separated</a> from road and pedestrian crossings, and most crossings of two subway tracks are grade-separated with <a href="/wiki/Flying_junction" title="Flying junction">flying junctions</a>. The sole exceptions of at-grade junctions of two lines in regular service are the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Lenox_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Lenox Avenue Line">142nd Street</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[83]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Myrtle_Avenue_(BMT_Jamaica_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Myrtle Avenue (BMT Jamaica Line)">Myrtle Avenue</a> junctions, whose tracks intersect at the same level, as well as the same-direction pairs of tracks on the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Eastern_Parkway_Line" title="IRT Eastern Parkway Line">IRT Eastern Parkway Line</a> at <a href="/wiki/Rogers_Junction" class="mw-redirect" title="Rogers Junction">Rogers Junction</a>.<a href="#cite_note-90">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-tracks-91">[85]</a> The 7,700 workers who built the original subway lines were mostly <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">immigrants</a> living in Manhattan.<a href="#cite_note-:7-37">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[86]</a> More recent projects use <a href="/wiki/Tunnel_boring_machine" title="Tunnel boring machine">tunnel boring machines</a>, which increase the cost. However, they minimize disruption at street level and avoid already existing utilities.<a href="#cite_note-93">[87]</a> Examples of such projects include the <a href="/wiki/7_Subway_Extension" title="7 Subway Extension">extension of the IRT Flushing Line</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[91]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Second Avenue Subway">IND Second Avenue Line</a>.<a href="#cite_note-98">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[94]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expansion">Expansion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Expansion">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Proposed_expansion_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="Proposed expansion of the New York City Subway">Proposed expansion of the New York City Subway</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Second_Avenue_Subway_Community_Information_Center_vc.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Second_Avenue_Subway_Community_Information_Center_vc.jpg/220px-Second_Avenue_Subway_Community_Information_Center_vc.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Second_Avenue_Subway_Community_Information_Center_vc.jpg/330px-Second_Avenue_Subway_Community_Information_Center_vc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Second_Avenue_Subway_Community_Information_Center_vc.jpg/440px-Second_Avenue_Subway_Community_Information_Center_vc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="959" /></a><figcaption>Second Avenue Subway Community Information Center</figcaption></figure> Since the <a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_the_IRT_subway" title="Early history of the IRT subway">opening</a> of the original New York City Subway line in 1904,<a href="#cite_note-:5-47">[41]</a> multiple official and planning agencies have proposed numerous extensions to the subway system. One of the more expansive proposals was the "<a href="/wiki/Independent_Subway_System" title="Independent Subway System">IND</a> Second System", part of a plan to construct new subway lines in addition to taking over existing subway lines and railroad rights-of-way. The most grandiose IND Second Subway plan, conceived in 1929, was to be part of the city-operated IND, and was to comprise almost <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">1⁄3 of the current subway system.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-OurGreatSubway-IND2ndSystem-1929-101">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-1929-SubwayPlan-102">[96]</a> By 1939, with unification planned, all three systems were included within the plan, which was ultimately never carried out.<a href="#cite_note-103">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-nycsubway2-104">[98]</a> Many different plans were proposed over the years of the subway's existence, but expansion of the subway system mostly stopped during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-105">[99]</a> Though most of the routes proposed over the decades have never seen construction, discussion remains strong to develop some of these lines, to alleviate existing subway capacity constraints and overcrowding, the most notable being the <a href="/wiki/Unbuilt_plans_for_the_Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Unbuilt plans for the Second Avenue Subway">proposals for the Second Avenue Subway</a>. Plans for new lines date back to the early 1910s, and expansion plans have been proposed during many years of the system's existence.<a href="#cite_note-Raskin-RoutesNotTaken-20132-59">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-OurGreatSubway-IND2ndSystem-1929-101">[95]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line" title="IND Sixth Avenue Line">IND Sixth Avenue Line</a> was completed in 1940,<a href="#cite_note-SixthAvenueOpening-106">[100]</a> the city went into <a href="/wiki/History_of_New_York_City_(1946%E2%80%9377)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of New York City (1946–77)">great debt</a>, and only 33 new stations have been added to the system since, nineteen of which were part of defunct railways that already existed. Five stations were on the abandoned <a href="/wiki/New_York,_Westchester_and_Boston_Railway" title="New York, Westchester and Boston Railway">New York, Westchester and Boston Railway</a>, which was incorporated into the system in 1941 as the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Dyre_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Dyre Avenue Line">IRT Dyre Avenue Line</a>.<a href="#cite_note-107">[101]</a> Fourteen more stations were on the abandoned LIRR <a href="/wiki/Rockaway_Beach_Branch" title="Rockaway Beach Branch">Rockaway Beach Branch</a> (now the <a href="/wiki/IND_Rockaway_Line" title="IND Rockaway Line">IND Rockaway Line</a>), which opened in 1955.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-INDRkwyOpen-1956-108">[102]</a> Two stations (<a href="/wiki/57th_Street_(IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="57th Street (IND Sixth Avenue Line)">57th Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_(IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Street (IND Sixth Avenue Line)">Grand Street</a>) were part of the <a href="/wiki/Chrystie_Street_Connection" title="Chrystie Street Connection">Chrystie Street Connection</a>, and opened in 1968;<a href="#cite_note-109">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[104]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Harlem%E2%80%93148th_Street_(IRT_Lenox_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Harlem–148th Street (IRT Lenox Avenue Line)">Harlem–148th Street</a> terminal opened that same year in an unrelated project.<a href="#cite_note-NYTImes-148LenoxOpen-1968-111">[105]</a> Six were built as part of a <a href="/wiki/Program_for_Action" title="Program for Action">1968 plan</a>: three on the <a href="/wiki/Archer_Avenue_Lines" class="mw-redirect" title="Archer Avenue Lines">Archer Avenue Lines</a>, opened in 1988,<a href="#cite_note-nytimes-112">[106]</a> and three on the <a href="/wiki/63rd_Street_Lines" class="mw-redirect" title="63rd Street Lines">63rd Street Lines</a>, opened in 1989.<a href="#cite_note-113">[107]</a> The new <a href="/wiki/South_Ferry_(IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Ferry (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)">South Ferry</a> station was built and connected to the existing <a href="/wiki/Whitehall_Street%E2%80%93South_Ferry_(BMT_Broadway_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitehall Street–South Ferry (BMT Broadway Line)">Whitehall Street–South Ferry</a> station in 2009.<a href="#cite_note-114">[108]</a> The one-stop <a href="/wiki/7_Subway_Extension" title="7 Subway Extension">7 Subway Extension</a> to the <a href="/wiki/West_Side_(Manhattan)" title="West Side (Manhattan)">west side</a> of Manhattan, consisting of the <a href="/wiki/34th_Street%E2%80%93Hudson_Yards_(IRT_Flushing_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="34th Street–Hudson Yards (IRT Flushing Line)">34th Street–Hudson Yards</a> station, was opened in 2015,<a href="#cite_note-115">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-mta.info_2015-116">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[note 7]</a> and three stations on the <a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Second Avenue Subway">Second Avenue Subway</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Side" title="Upper East Side">Upper East Side</a> were opened as part of <a href="/wiki/Construction_of_the_Second_Avenue_Subway#Phase_1" title="Construction of the Second Avenue Subway">Phase 1 of the line</a> at the beginning of 2017.<a href="#cite_note-118">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lines_and_routes">Lines and routes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Lines and routes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/A_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="A Division (New York City Subway)">A Division (New York City Subway)</a> and <a href="/wiki/B_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="B Division (New York City Subway)">B Division (New York City Subway)</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_services" title="List of New York City Subway services">List of New York City Subway services</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_lines" title="List of New York City Subway lines">List of New York City Subway lines</a></div> <table class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" style="float: right; clear: both; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="background-color:#ccf; background-color:#ccf; padding-right:3px; padding-left:3px; font-size:110%; text-align:center;">Annual passenger ridership </th></tr> <tr style="font-size:95%; text-align:center"> <th style="border-bottom:1px solid black">Year</th> <th style="border-bottom:1px solid black">Passengers</th> <th style="border-bottom:1px solid black;"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1901</td> <td>253,000,000</td> <td>— </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1905</td> <td>448,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+77.1% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1910</td> <td>725,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+61.8% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1915</td> <td>830,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+14.5% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1920</td> <td>1,332,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+60.5% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1925</td> <td>1,681,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+26.2% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1930</td> <td>2,049,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+21.9% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1935</td> <td>1,817,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">−11.3% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1940</td> <td>1,857,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+2.2% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1945</td> <td>1,941,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+4.5% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1946</td> <td>2,067,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+6.5% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1950</td> <td>1,681,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">−13.4% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1955</td> <td>1,378,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">−18.0% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1960</td> <td>1,345,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">−2.4% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1965</td> <td>1,363,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+1.3% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1970</td> <td>1,258,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">−7.7% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1975</td> <td>1,054,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">−16.2% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1980</td> <td>1,009,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">−4.3% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1982</td> <td>989,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">−2.0% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1985</td> <td>1,010,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+2.1% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1990</td> <td>1,028,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+1.8% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>1995</td> <td>1,093,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+6.3% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2000</td> <td>1,400,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+28.1% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2005</td> <td>1,450,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+3.6% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2010</td> <td>1,605,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+10.7% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2011</td> <td>1,640,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+2.2% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2012</td> <td>1,654,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+0.1% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2013</td> <td>1,708,000,000</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+3.3% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2014</td> <td>1,751,287,621</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+2.6% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2015</td> <td>1,762,565,419</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+0.6% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2016</td> <td>1,756,814,800</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">-0.3% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2017</td> <td>1,727,366,607</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">-1.7% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2018</td> <td>1,680,060,402</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">-2.7% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2019</td> <td>1,697,787,002</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+1.1% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2020</td> <td>639,541,029</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">-62.3% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2021</td> <td>759,976,721</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+18.8% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2022</td> <td>1,013,425,465</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+33.3% </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>2023</td> <td>1,151,998,158</td> <td style="text-align:right; padding-right:15px">+13.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid black; font-size:85%; text-align:center"><a href="#cite_note-119">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-ridership2015-121">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-annual-ridership-122">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-ridership1982-126">[119]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:R142_LCD_Sign_5_Train.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Digital sign on side of an R142 train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/R142_LCD_Sign_5_Train.jpg/220px-R142_LCD_Sign_5_Train.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/R142_LCD_Sign_5_Train.jpg/330px-R142_LCD_Sign_5_Train.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/R142_LCD_Sign_5_Train.jpg/440px-R142_LCD_Sign_5_Train.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3659" data-file-height="3001" /></a><figcaption>A digital sign on the side of an <a href="/wiki/R142_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R142 (New York City Subway car)">R142</a> train on the <a href="/wiki/5_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="5 (New York City Subway service)">5</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MTA125.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/MTA125.JPG/220px-MTA125.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/MTA125.JPG/330px-MTA125.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/MTA125.JPG/440px-MTA125.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/125th_Street_(IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="125th Street (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)">125th Street</a> station on the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line">IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line</a> in 2007</figcaption></figure> Many rapid transit systems run relatively static routings, so that a train "line" is more or less synonymous with a train "route". In New York City, routings change often, for various reasons. Within the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_nomenclature" title="New York City Subway nomenclature">nomenclature of the subway</a>, the "line" describes the physical railroad track or series of tracks that a train "route" uses on its way from one terminal to another. "Routes" (also called "services") are distinguished by a letter or a number and "lines" have names. Trains display their route designation.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-HowtoRideSubway-23">[17]</a> There are <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_services" title="List of New York City Subway services">28 train services</a> in the subway system, including <a href="/wiki/S_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="S (New York City Subway service)">three short shuttles</a>. Each route has a color and a local or express designation representing the Manhattan trunk line of the service.<a href="#cite_note-127">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-128">[121]</a> New York City residents seldom refer to services by color (e.g., "blue line" or "green line") but out-of-towners and tourists often do.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-HowtoRideSubway-23">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[123]</a> The <a href="/wiki/1_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="1 (New York City Subway service)">1</a>, <a href="/wiki/C_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="C (New York City Subway service)">C</a>, <a href="/wiki/G_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="G (New York City Subway service)">G</a>, <a href="/wiki/L_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="L (New York City Subway service)">L</a>, <a href="/wiki/M_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="M (New York City Subway service)">M</a>, <a href="/wiki/R_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="R (New York City Subway service)">R</a>, and <a href="/wiki/W_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="W (New York City Subway service)">W</a> trains are fully local and make all stops. The <a href="/wiki/2_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="2 (New York City Subway service)">2</a>, <a href="/wiki/3_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="3 (New York City Subway service)">3</a>, <a href="/wiki/4_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="4 (New York City Subway service)">4</a>, <a href="/wiki/5_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="5 (New York City Subway service)">5</a>, <a href="/wiki/A_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="A (New York City Subway service)">A</a>, <a href="/wiki/B_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="B (New York City Subway service)">B</a>, <a href="/wiki/D_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="D (New York City Subway service)">D</a>, <a href="/wiki/E_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="E (New York City Subway service)">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/F_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="F (New York City Subway service)">F</a>, <a href="/wiki/N_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="N (New York City Subway service)">N</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Q_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="Q (New York City Subway service)">Q</a> trains have portions of <a href="/wiki/Express_train" title="Express train">express</a> and local service. <a href="/wiki/J_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="J (New York City Subway service)">J</a>, <a href="/wiki/Z_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="Z (New York City Subway service)">Z</a>, <a href="/wiki/6_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="6 (New York City Subway service)">6</a>, and <a href="/wiki/7_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="7 (New York City Subway service)">7</a> trains vary by direction, day, or time of day. The letter <a href="/wiki/S_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="S (New York City Subway service)">S</a> is used for three shuttle services: <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Avenue_Shuttle" title="Franklin Avenue Shuttle">Franklin Avenue Shuttle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rockaway_Park_Shuttle" title="Rockaway Park Shuttle">Rockaway Park Shuttle</a>, and <a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_Shuttle" title="42nd Street Shuttle">42nd Street Shuttle</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-128">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYCS_const|map-131">[124]</a> Though the subway system <a href="/wiki/24/7" class="mw-redirect" title="24/7">operates on a 24-hour basis</a>,<a href="#cite_note-MTA-HowtoRideSubway-23">[17]</a> during late night hours some of the designated routes do not run, run as a shorter route (often referred to as the "shuttle train" version of its full-length counterpart) or run with a different stopping pattern. These are usually indicated by smaller, secondary route signage on station platforms.<a href="#cite_note-:0-128">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[125]</a> Because there is no nightly system shutdown for maintenance, tracks and stations must be maintained while the system is operating. This work sometimes necessitates service changes during midday, overnight hours, and weekends.<a href="#cite_note-Haberman_2008-133">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-:8-134">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[note 8]</a> When parts of lines are temporarily shut down for construction purposes, the transit authority can substitute free <a href="/wiki/Shuttle_bus_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Shuttle bus service">shuttle buses</a> (using <a href="/wiki/MTA_Regional_Bus_Operations_bus_fleet" title="MTA Regional Bus Operations bus fleet">MTA Regional Bus Operations bus fleet</a>) to replace the routes that would normally run on these lines.<a href="#cite_note-136">[128]</a> The Transit Authority announces planned service changes through its website,<a href="#cite_note-137">[129]</a> via placards that are posted on station and interior subway-car walls,<a href="#cite_note-138">[130]</a> and through its <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> page.<a href="#cite_note-139">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nomenclature">Nomenclature</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Nomenclature">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_nomenclature" title="New York City Subway nomenclature">New York City Subway nomenclature</a></div> <div align="center"> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:0 0 1 0"> <tbody><tr> <th>Primary Trunk line</th> <th>Color<a href="#cite_note-140">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[133]</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Pantone" title="Pantone">Pantone</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[134]</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Web_colors" title="Web colors">Hexadecimal</a></th> <th>Service bullets </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/IND_Eighth_Avenue_Line" title="IND Eighth Avenue Line">IND Eighth Avenue Line</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blue" title="Blue">Blue</a></td> <td>PMS 286</td> <td>#0039a6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/A_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="A (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""A" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/NYCS-bull-trans-A-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-A-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/NYCS-bull-trans-A-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-A-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/NYCS-bull-trans-A-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-A-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/C_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="C (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""C" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/NYCS-bull-trans-C-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-C-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/NYCS-bull-trans-C-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-C-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/NYCS-bull-trans-C-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-C-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/E_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="E (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""E" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/NYCS-bull-trans-E-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-E-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/NYCS-bull-trans-E-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-E-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/NYCS-bull-trans-E-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-E-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line" title="IND Sixth Avenue Line">IND Sixth Avenue Line</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Orange_(color)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange (color)">Orange</a></td> <td>PMS 165</td> <td>#ff6319</td> <td><a href="/wiki/B_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="B (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""B" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/NYCS-bull-trans-B-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-B-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/NYCS-bull-trans-B-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-B-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/NYCS-bull-trans-B-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-B-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/D_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="D (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""D" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/NYCS-bull-trans-D-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-D-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/NYCS-bull-trans-D-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-D-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/NYCS-bull-trans-D-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-D-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/F_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="F (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""F" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/NYCS-bull-trans-F-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-F-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/NYCS-bull-trans-F-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-F-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/NYCS-bull-trans-F-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-F-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/Fd_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="Fd (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""F" express train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/NYCS-bull-trans-Fd-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-Fd-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/NYCS-bull-trans-Fd-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-Fd-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/NYCS-bull-trans-Fd-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-Fd-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/M_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="M (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""M" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/NYCS-bull-trans-M-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-M-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/NYCS-bull-trans-M-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-M-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/NYCS-bull-trans-M-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-M-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/IND_Crosstown_Line" title="IND Crosstown Line">IND Crosstown Line</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lime_(color)" title="Lime (color)">Lime</a></td> <td>PMS 376</td> <td>#6cbe45</td> <td><a href="/wiki/G_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="G (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""G" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/NYCS-bull-trans-G-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-G-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/NYCS-bull-trans-G-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-G-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/NYCS-bull-trans-G-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-G-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/BMT_Canarsie_Line" title="BMT Canarsie Line">BMT Canarsie Line</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Slate_gray" title="Slate gray">Light slate gray</a></td> <td>50% black</td> <td>#a7a9ac</td> <td><a href="/wiki/L_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="L (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""L" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/NYCS-bull-trans-L-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-L-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/NYCS-bull-trans-L-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-L-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/NYCS-bull-trans-L-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-L-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/BMT_Nassau_Street_Line" title="BMT Nassau Street Line">BMT Nassau Street Line</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brown" title="Brown">Brown</a></td> <td>PMS 154</td> <td>#996633</td> <td><a href="/wiki/J/Z_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="J/Z (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""J" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/NYCS-bull-trans-J-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-J-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/NYCS-bull-trans-J-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-J-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/NYCS-bull-trans-J-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-J-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/J/Z_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="J/Z (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""Z" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/NYCS-bull-trans-Z-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-Z-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/NYCS-bull-trans-Z-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-Z-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/NYCS-bull-trans-Z-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-Z-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/BMT_Broadway_Line" title="BMT Broadway Line">BMT Broadway Line</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yellow" title="Yellow">Yellow</a></td> <td>PMS 116</td> <td>#fccc0a</td> <td><a href="/wiki/N_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="N (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""N" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/NYCS-bull-trans-N-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-N-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/NYCS-bull-trans-N-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-N-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/NYCS-bull-trans-N-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-N-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/Q_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="Q (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""Q" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/NYCS-bull-trans-Q-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-Q-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/NYCS-bull-trans-Q-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-Q-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/NYCS-bull-trans-Q-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-Q-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/R_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="R (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""R" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/NYCS-bull-trans-R-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-R-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/NYCS-bull-trans-R-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-R-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/NYCS-bull-trans-R-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-R-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/W_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="W (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""W" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/NYCS-bull-trans-W-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-W-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/NYCS-bull-trans-W-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-W-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/NYCS-bull-trans-W-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-W-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line">IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">Red</a></td> <td>PMS 185</td> <td>#ee352e</td> <td><a href="/wiki/1_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="1 (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""1" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/NYCS-bull-trans-1-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-1-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/NYCS-bull-trans-1-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-1-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/NYCS-bull-trans-1-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-1-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/2_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="2 (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""2" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/NYCS-bull-trans-2-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-2-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/NYCS-bull-trans-2-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-2-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/NYCS-bull-trans-2-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-2-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/3_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="3 (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""3" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/NYCS-bull-trans-3-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-3-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/NYCS-bull-trans-3-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-3-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/NYCS-bull-trans-3-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-3-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Lexington Avenue Line">IRT Lexington Avenue Line</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Green" title="Green">Green</a></td> <td>PMS 355</td> <td>#00933c</td> <td><a href="/wiki/4_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="4 (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""4" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/NYCS-bull-trans-4-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-4-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/NYCS-bull-trans-4-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-4-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/NYCS-bull-trans-4-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-4-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/5_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="5 (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""5" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/NYCS-bull-trans-5-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-5-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/NYCS-bull-trans-5-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-5-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/NYCS-bull-trans-5-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-5-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/6_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="6 (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""6" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/NYCS-bull-trans-6-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-6-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/NYCS-bull-trans-6-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-6-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/NYCS-bull-trans-6-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-6-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/6d_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="6d (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""6" express train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NYCS-bull-trans-6d-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-6d-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NYCS-bull-trans-6d-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-6d-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/NYCS-bull-trans-6d-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-6d-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/IRT_Flushing_Line" title="IRT Flushing Line">IRT Flushing Line</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Purple" title="Purple">Purple</a></td> <td>PMS Purple</td> <td>#b933ad</td> <td><a href="/wiki/7_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="7 (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""7" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/NYCS-bull-trans-7-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-7-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/NYCS-bull-trans-7-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-7-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/NYCS-bull-trans-7-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-7-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a><a href="/wiki/7d_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="7d (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""7" express train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/NYCS-bull-trans-7d-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-7d-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/NYCS-bull-trans-7d-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-7d-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/NYCS-bull-trans-7d-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-7d-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/IND_Second_Avenue_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="IND Second Avenue Line">IND Second Avenue Line</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turquoise_(color)" title="Turquoise (color)">Turquoise</a></td> <td>PMS 638</td> <td>#00add0</td> <td><a href="/wiki/T_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="T (New York City Subway service)"><img alt=""T" train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/NYCS-bull-trans-T-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-T-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/NYCS-bull-trans-T-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-T-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/NYCS-bull-trans-T-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-T-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/S_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="S (New York City Subway service)">Shuttles</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Slate_gray" title="Slate gray">Dark slate gray</a></td> <td>70% black</td> <td>#808183</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="S (New York City Subway service)"><img alt="shuttle train" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/NYCS-bull-trans-S-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-S-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/NYCS-bull-trans-S-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-S-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/NYCS-bull-trans-S-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-S-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subway_map">Subway map</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Subway map">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_map" title="New York City Subway map">New York City Subway map</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_New_York_City_Subway_Map_2013_vc.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Official_New_York_City_Subway_Map_2013_vc.jpg/220px-Official_New_York_City_Subway_Map_2013_vc.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Official_New_York_City_Subway_Map_2013_vc.jpg/330px-Official_New_York_City_Subway_Map_2013_vc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Official_New_York_City_Subway_Map_2013_vc.jpg/440px-Official_New_York_City_Subway_Map_2013_vc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1419" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>The official New York City Subway map from June 2013. This is not the current map.</figcaption></figure> Current <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_map" title="New York City Subway map">official transit maps of the New York City Subway</a> are based on a 1979 design by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Hertz_Associates" title="Michael Hertz Associates">Michael Hertz Associates</a>.<a href="#cite_note-143">[135]</a> The maps are not geographically accurate due to the complexity of the system (Manhattan being the smallest borough, but having the most services), but they do show major city streets as an aid to navigation. The newest edition took effect on June 27, 2010, and makes Manhattan bigger and Staten Island smaller, with minor tweaks happening to the map when more permanent changes occur.<a href="#cite_note-NYCS_const|map-131">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[136]</a> Earlier diagrams of the subway, the first being produced in 1958, had the perception of being more geographically inaccurate than the diagrams today. The design of the subway map by <a href="/wiki/Massimo_Vignelli" title="Massimo Vignelli">Massimo Vignelli</a>, published by the MTA between 1972 and 1979, has become a modern classic but the MTA deemed the map flawed due to its placement of geographical elements.<a href="#cite_note-145">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hertz-Gothamist-146">[138]</a> A late night-only version of the map was introduced on January 30, 2012.<a href="#cite_note-147">[139]</a> On September 16, 2011, the MTA introduced a Vignelli-style interactive subway map, "The Weekender",<a href="#cite_note-148">[140]</a> an <a href="/wiki/Online_map" class="mw-redirect" title="Online map">online map</a> that provides information about any planned work, from late Friday night to early Monday morning.<a href="#cite_note-149">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[142]</a> In October 2020, the MTA launched a digital version of the map showing real-time service patterns and service changes, designed by <a href="/wiki/Work_%26_Co" title="Work & Co">Work & Co</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6sqft_2020-151">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bonanos_2020-152">[144]</a> Several privately produced schematics are available online or in printed form, such as those by <a href="/wiki/Hagstrom_Map" title="Hagstrom Map">Hagstrom Map</a>.<a href="#cite_note-153">[145]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:NYC_subway_late_night_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Late night subway service map"><img alt="Late night subway service map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/NYC_subway_late_night_map.svg/111px-NYC_subway_late_night_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="111" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/NYC_subway_late_night_map.svg/167px-NYC_subway_late_night_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/NYC_subway_late_night_map.svg/222px-NYC_subway_late_night_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="2700" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Late night subway service map</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Nyc_subway_underground_or_overground_track_position.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="A map of line elevation in relation to the ground. Underground segments are in orange. Above-ground segments are in blue, whether they are elevated, embanked, graded or open cut"><img alt="A map of line elevation in relation to the ground. Underground segments are in orange. Above-ground segments are in blue, whether they are elevated, embanked, graded or open cut" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Nyc_subway_underground_or_overground_track_position.svg/79px-Nyc_subway_underground_or_overground_track_position.svg.png" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Nyc_subway_underground_or_overground_track_position.svg/118px-Nyc_subway_underground_or_overground_track_position.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Nyc_subway_underground_or_overground_track_position.svg/158px-Nyc_subway_underground_or_overground_track_position.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="684" data-file-height="1038" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">A map of line elevation in relation to the ground. Underground segments are in orange. Above-ground segments are in blue, whether they are elevated, embanked, graded or open cut</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stations"> Stations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Stations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_stations" title="New York City Subway stations">New York City Subway stations</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_stations" title="List of New York City Subway stations">List of New York City Subway stations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/7train_arriving.ogv/220px--7train_arriving.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="43" data-mwtitle="7train_arriving.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:7train_arriving.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/7train_arriving.ogv/7train_arriving.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/7train_arriving.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/7train_arriving.ogv/7train_arriving.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/7train_arriving.ogv/7train_arriving.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /></video><figcaption><a href="/wiki/R62A" class="mw-redirect" title="R62A">R62A</a> <a href="/wiki/7_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="7 (New York City Subway service)">7</a> train arriving at <a href="/wiki/Vernon_Boulevard_%E2%80%93_Jackson_Avenue_(IRT_Flushing_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vernon Boulevard – Jackson Avenue (IRT Flushing Line)">Vernon Boulevard – Jackson Avenue</a> station (43s)</figcaption></figure> Out of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_stations#List_of_stations" title="New York City Subway stations">472 stations</a>, 470 are served 24 hours a day.<a href="#cite_note-154">[note 9]</a> Underground stations in the New York City Subway are typically accessed by staircases going down from street level. Many of these staircases are painted in a common shade of green, with slight or significant variations in design.<a href="#cite_note-FNY-SubwayEntranceStylings-155">[146]</a> Other stations have unique entrances reflective of their location or date of construction. Several station entrance stairs, for example, are built into adjacent buildings.<a href="#cite_note-FNY-SubwayEntranceStylings-155">[146]</a> Nearly all station entrances feature <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_stations#Lamps" title="New York City Subway stations">color-coded globe or square lamps</a> signifying their status as an entrance.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes_20020813-156">[147]</a> The current number of stations is smaller than the peak of the system. In addition to the demolition of former elevated lines, which collectively have resulted in the demolition of over a hundred stations, other <a href="/wiki/List_of_closed_New_York_City_Subway_stations" title="List of closed New York City Subway stations">closed stations</a> and unused portions of existing stations remain in parts of the system.<a href="#cite_note-157">[148]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West_4_St_mezzanine_vc.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The mezzanine at West Fourth Street station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/West_4_St_mezzanine_vc.jpg/220px-West_4_St_mezzanine_vc.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/West_4_St_mezzanine_vc.jpg/330px-West_4_St_mezzanine_vc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/West_4_St_mezzanine_vc.jpg/440px-West_4_St_mezzanine_vc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>The long and wide mezzanine in the <a href="/wiki/West_Fourth_Street%E2%80%93Washington_Square_(New_York_City_Subway)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Fourth Street–Washington Square (New York City Subway)">West Fourth Street</a> station in <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Village" title="Greenwich Village">Greenwich Village</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Concourse">Concourse</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Concourse">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Times_Square-42nd_Street_Entrance.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Times_Square-42nd_Street_Entrance.JPG/220px-Times_Square-42nd_Street_Entrance.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Times_Square-42nd_Street_Entrance.JPG/330px-Times_Square-42nd_Street_Entrance.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Times_Square-42nd_Street_Entrance.JPG/440px-Times_Square-42nd_Street_Entrance.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>An entrance to the <a href="/wiki/Times_Square%E2%80%9342nd_Street_station" title="Times Square–42nd Street station">Times Square–42nd Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/42nd_Street%E2%80%93Port_Authority_Bus_Terminal" class="mw-redirect" title="42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal">Port Authority Bus Terminal</a> stations</figcaption></figure>Many stations in the subway system have <a href="/wiki/Mezzanine_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mezzanine (architecture)">mezzanines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-PCAC-ClosedSubwayEntrance-2001-158">[149]</a> Mezzanines allow for passengers to enter from multiple locations at an intersection and proceed to the correct platform without having to cross the street before entering. Inside mezzanines are <a href="/wiki/Paid_area" title="Paid area">fare control</a> areas, where passengers physically pay their fare to enter the subway system.<a href="#cite_note-PCAC-ClosedSubwayEntrance-2001-158">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTA-JayLawrenceMetroTech-159">[150]</a> In many older stations, the fare control area is at platform level with no mezzanine crossovers.<a href="#cite_note-160">[151]</a> Many elevated stations also have platform-level fare control with no common station house between directions of service.<a href="#cite_note-NYCSorg-BMTJamaica-43">[37]</a> Upon entering a station, passengers may use station booths (formerly known as token booths)<a href="#cite_note-161">[152]</a> or vending machines to buy their fare, which is currently stored in a <a href="/wiki/MetroCard" title="MetroCard">MetroCard</a> or <a href="/wiki/OMNY" title="OMNY">OMNY</a> card. Each station has at least one booth, typically located at the busiest entrance.<a href="#cite_note-162">[153]</a> After swiping the card at a turnstile, customers enter the fare-controlled area of the station and continue to the platforms.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-HowtoRideSubway-23">[17]</a> Inside fare control are "Off-Hours Waiting Areas", which consist of benches and are identified by a yellow sign.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-HowtoRideSubway-23">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTA-RidingSafely-163">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-164">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Platforms">Platforms</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Platforms">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:59th_Street%E2%80%93Columbus_Circle_(New_York_City_Subway)_by_David_Shankbone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/59th_Street%E2%80%93Columbus_Circle_%28New_York_City_Subway%29_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/220px-59th_Street%E2%80%93Columbus_Circle_%28New_York_City_Subway%29_by_David_Shankbone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/59th_Street%E2%80%93Columbus_Circle_%28New_York_City_Subway%29_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/330px-59th_Street%E2%80%93Columbus_Circle_%28New_York_City_Subway%29_by_David_Shankbone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/59th_Street%E2%80%93Columbus_Circle_%28New_York_City_Subway%29_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/440px-59th_Street%E2%80%93Columbus_Circle_%28New_York_City_Subway%29_by_David_Shankbone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/IND_Eighth_Avenue_Line" title="IND Eighth Avenue Line">IND Eighth Avenue Line</a> station at <a href="/wiki/59th_Street_%E2%80%93_Columbus_Circle_(IND_Eighth_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="59th Street – Columbus Circle (IND Eighth Avenue Line)">59th Street – Columbus Circle</a></figcaption></figure> A typical subway station has waiting platforms ranging from 480 to 600 feet (150 to 180 m) long. Some are longer.<a href="#cite_note-:1-55">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[156]</a> Platforms of former commuter rail stations—such as those on the <a href="/wiki/IND_Rockaway_Line" title="IND Rockaway Line">IND Rockaway Line</a>, are even longer. With the many different lines in the system, one platform often serves more than one service. Passengers need to look at the overhead signs to see which trains stop there and when, and at the arriving train to identify it.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-HowtoRideSubway-23">[17]</a> There are several common platform configurations. On a double track line, a station may have one <a href="/wiki/Island_platform" title="Island platform">center island platform</a> used for trains in both directions, or two <a href="/wiki/Side_platform" title="Side platform">side platforms</a>, one for each direction. For lines with three or four tracks with express service, local stops will have side platforms and the middle one or two tracks will not stop at the station. On these lines, express stations typically have two island platforms, one for each direction. Each island platform provides a <a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_interchange" title="Cross-platform interchange">cross-platform interchange</a> between local and express services. Some four-track lines with express service have two tracks each on two levels and use both island and side platforms.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-HowtoRideSubway-23">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accessibility">Accessibility</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Accessibility">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:14-6_elevator.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/14-6_elevator.jpg/220px-14-6_elevator.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/14-6_elevator.jpg/330px-14-6_elevator.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/14-6_elevator.jpg/440px-14-6_elevator.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Street elevator serving as an entrance to the <a href="/wiki/14th_Street/Sixth_Avenue_station" title="14th Street/Sixth Avenue station">14th Street/6th Avenue</a> station</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Accessibility_of_the_Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Accessibility of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Accessibility of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a></div> Since the majority of the system was built before 1990, the year the <a href="/wiki/Americans_with_Disabilities_Act_of_1990" title="Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990">Americans with Disabilities Act</a> (ADA) went into effect, many New York City Subway stations were not designed to be accessible to all.<a href="#cite_note-166">[157]</a> Since then, elevators have been built in newly constructed stations to comply with the ADA. (Most grade-level stations required little modification to meet ADA standards.) Many accessible stations have <a href="/wiki/MetroCard_(New_York_City)#Disabled/Senior_Citizen_Reduced-Fare_MetroCard" class="mw-redirect" title="MetroCard (New York City)">AutoGate</a> access.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-HowtoRideSubway-23">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[158]</a> In addition, the MTA identified "key stations", high-traffic and/or geographically important stations, which must conform to the ADA when they are extensively renovated. Under plans from the MTA in 2016, the number of ADA accessible stations would go up to 144 by 2020.<a href="#cite_note-168">[159]</a> As of May 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit">[update]</a>, there were 145 ADA-accessible stations.<a href="#cite_note-169">[160]</a> Over the years, the MTA has been involved in a number of lawsuits over the lack of accessibility in its stations. The Eastern Paralyzed Veterans Association filed what may have been the first of these suits in 1979, based on state law.<a href="#cite_note-170">[161]</a> The lawsuits have relied on a number of different legal bases, but most have centered around the MTA's failure to include accessibility as a part of its plans for remodeling various stations.<a href="#cite_note-:18-171">[162]</a> As of January 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit">[update]</a>, ADA-accessibility projects are expected to be started or completed at 51 stations as part of the 2020–2024 Capital Program.<a href="#cite_note-MassapequaPark-172">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[164]</a> This would allow one of every two to four stations on every line to be accessible, so that all non-accessible stops would be a maximum of two stops from an accessible station.<a href="#cite_note-fastforward-174">[165]</a>: 39  In 2022, the MTA agreed in a settlement to make 95 percent of subway and Staten Island Railway stations accessible by 2055.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-2022-06-222-175">[166]</a> By comparison, all but one of Boston's <a href="/wiki/MBTA_subway" title="MBTA subway">MBTA subway</a> stations are accessible, the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_%22L%22" title="Chicago "L"">Chicago "L"</a> plans all stations to be accessible in the 2030s,<a href="#cite_note-176">[167]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_subway" title="Toronto subway">Toronto subway</a> will be fully accessible by 2025,<a href="#cite_note-TTC-2021-06-23-177">[168]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Metro" title="Montreal Metro">Montreal Metro</a> plans all stations to be accessible by 2038.<a href="#cite_note-178">[169]</a> Both the Boston and Chicago systems are as old or older than the New York City Subway, though all of these systems have fewer stations than the New York City Subway.<a href="#cite_note-NYDN-GroupsSueMTA-2016-179">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-Office_of_the_New_York_City_Comptroller_Scott_M._Stringer_2018-180">[171]</a> Newer systems like the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro" title="Washington Metro">Washington Metro</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Rapid_Transit" title="Bay Area Rapid Transit">Bay Area Rapid Transit</a> have been fully accessible from their opening in the 1970s.<a href="#cite_note-Chang_2020_s188-181">[172]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rolling_stock">Rolling stock</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Rolling stock">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Views_From_The_Rockaways.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Views_From_The_Rockaways.jpg/220px-Views_From_The_Rockaways.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Views_From_The_Rockaways.jpg/330px-Views_From_The_Rockaways.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Views_From_The_Rockaways.jpg/440px-Views_From_The_Rockaways.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5230" data-file-height="3487" /></a><figcaption>A train of <a href="/wiki/R46_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R46 (New York City Subway car)">R46</a> cars on the <a href="/wiki/A_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="A (New York City Subway service)">A</a> train</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Empty_subway_in_NYC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The interior of an R142A car on the 4 train." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Empty_subway_in_NYC.jpg/220px-Empty_subway_in_NYC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Empty_subway_in_NYC.jpg/330px-Empty_subway_in_NYC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Empty_subway_in_NYC.jpg/440px-Empty_subway_in_NYC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1402" data-file-height="934" /></a><figcaption>Interior of an <a href="/wiki/R142A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R142A (New York City Subway car)">R142A</a> car on the <a href="/wiki/4_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="4 (New York City Subway service)">4</a> train</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MTA_NYC_Subway_R62A_interior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The interior of an R62A car on the 1 train. Its seats are yellow, red, and orange, and it has several advertisements hanging above." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/MTA_NYC_Subway_R62A_interior.jpg/220px-MTA_NYC_Subway_R62A_interior.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/MTA_NYC_Subway_R62A_interior.jpg/330px-MTA_NYC_Subway_R62A_interior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/MTA_NYC_Subway_R62A_interior.jpg/440px-MTA_NYC_Subway_R62A_interior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Interior of an <a href="/wiki/R62A" class="mw-redirect" title="R62A">R62A</a> car on the <a href="/wiki/1_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="1 (New York City Subway service)">1</a> train</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NYC_N_train_cockpit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/NYC_N_train_cockpit.jpg/220px-NYC_N_train_cockpit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/NYC_N_train_cockpit.jpg/330px-NYC_N_train_cockpit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/NYC_N_train_cockpit.jpg/440px-NYC_N_train_cockpit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4368" data-file-height="2912" /></a><figcaption>Driver's cab of an <a href="/wiki/R160_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R160 (New York City Subway car)">R160B</a> subway car on the <a href="/wiki/N_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="N (New York City Subway service)">N</a> train</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_rolling_stock" title="New York City Subway rolling stock">New York City Subway rolling stock</a></div> In November 2016, the New York City Subway had 6712 cars on the roster.<a href="#cite_note-182">[note 10]</a> A typical New York City Subway train consists of 8 to 11 cars, although shuttles can have as few as two, and the train can range from 150 to 600 feet (46 to 183 m) in length.<a href="#cite_note-183">[173]</a> The system maintains two separate fleets of cars, one for the A Division routes and another for the B Division routes.<a href="#cite_note-:6-184">[174]</a> A Division equipment is approximately 8 feet 9 inches (2.67 m) wide and 51 feet 4 inches (15.65 m) long, whereas B Division equipment is about 10 feet (3.05 m) wide and either 60 feet 6 inches (18.44 m) or 75 feet (22.86 m) long.<a href="#cite_note-185">[175]</a> The different lengths for the B Division fleet are necessary because 75-foot cars can not be used over the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_nomenclature#BMT" title="New York City Subway nomenclature">BMT Eastern Division</a>.<a href="#cite_note-186">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[177]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute">dubious</a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:New_York_City_Subway#Dubious" title="Talk:New York City Subway">discuss</a>] Cars purchased by the City of New York since the inception of the IND and the other divisions beginning in 1948 are identified by the letter "R" followed by a number; e.g.: <a href="/wiki/R32_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R32 (New York City Subway car)">R32</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:6-184">[174]</a> This number is the contract number under which the cars were purchased.<a href="#cite_note-joekorner-188">[178]</a> Cars with nearby contract numbers (e.g.: <a href="/wiki/R1_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R1 (New York City Subway car)">R1</a> through <a href="/wiki/R9_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R9 (New York City Subway car)">R9</a>, or <a href="/wiki/R26_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R26 (New York City Subway car)">R26</a> through <a href="/wiki/R29_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" class="mw-redirect" title="R29 (New York City Subway car)">R29</a>, or <a href="/wiki/R143" class="mw-redirect" title="R143">R143</a> through <a href="/wiki/R179" class="mw-redirect" title="R179">R179</a>) may be relatively identical, despite being purchased under different contracts and possibly built by different manufacturers.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-NYCSPromiseInfo-Nov2005-189">[179]</a> From 1999 to 2019, the <a href="/wiki/R142_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R142 (New York City Subway car)">R142</a>, <a href="/wiki/R142A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R142A (New York City Subway car)">R142A</a>, <a href="/wiki/R143_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R143 (New York City Subway car)">R143</a>, <a href="/wiki/R160_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R160 (New York City Subway car)">R160</a>, <a href="/wiki/R179_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R179 (New York City Subway car)">R179</a> and <a href="/wiki/R188_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R188 (New York City Subway car)">R188</a> were placed into service.<a href="#cite_note-190">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTA-R160-NTT-E-Dec2008-191">[181]</a> These cars are collectively known as <a href="/wiki/New_Technology_Train" title="New Technology Train">New Technology Trains</a> (NTTs) due to modern innovations such as <a href="/wiki/Light-emitting_diode" title="Light-emitting diode">LED</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liquid-crystal_display" title="Liquid-crystal display">LCD</a> route signs and information screens, as well as recorded train announcements and the ability to facilitate <a href="/wiki/Communication-based_train_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Communication-based train control">Communication-Based Train Control (CBTC)</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-R160-NTT-E-Dec2008-191">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYPress-NYCSNTTVoice-2003-192">[182]</a> As part of the 2017–2020 MTA Financial Plan, 600 subway cars will have electronic display signs installed to improve customer experience.<a href="#cite_note-:12-193">[183]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fares">Fares</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Fares">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_transit_fares" title="New York City transit fares">New York City transit fares</a></div> Riders pay a single fare to enter the subway system and may transfer between trains at no extra cost until they exit via station turnstiles; the fare is a flat rate regardless of how far or how long the rider travels. Thus, riders must swipe their <a href="/wiki/MetroCard" title="MetroCard">MetroCard</a> or tap a contactless payment card or smartphone on an <a href="/wiki/OMNY" title="OMNY">OMNY</a> reader upon entering the subway system, but not a second time upon leaving.<a href="#cite_note-:2-194">[184]</a> As of August 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit">[update]</a>, nearly all fares are paid by MetroCard or OMNY.<a href="#cite_note-195">[185]</a> As of August 2023, the base fare is $2.90. Fares can be paid with most credit or debit cards using the OMNY readers, with a reusable MetroCard,<a href="#cite_note-:2-194">[184]</a> or with single-use tickets. The MTA offers 7-day and 30-day unlimited ride programs that can lower the effective per-ride fare significantly.<a href="#cite_note-MetroCard-196">[186]</a> Reduced fares are available for the elderly and people with disabilities.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-HowtoRideSubway-23">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-197">[187]</a> Fares were stored in a money room at <a href="/wiki/370_Jay_Street" title="370 Jay Street">370 Jay Street</a> in <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Brooklyn" title="Downtown Brooklyn">Downtown Brooklyn</a> starting in 1951, when the building opened as a headquarters for the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Board_of_Transportation" title="New York City Board of Transportation">New York City Board of Transportation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-198">[188]</a> The building is close to the lines of all three subway divisions (the IRT, BMT, and IND) and thus was a convenient location to collect fares, including tokens and cash, via <a href="/wiki/Money_train" title="Money train">money trains</a>. Passageways from the subway stations, including a visible door in the Jay Street IND station, lead to a money sorting room in the basement of the building.<a href="#cite_note-utc20160212-199">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-Atlas-370JaySt-Nov2015-200">[190]</a> The money trains were replaced by <a href="/wiki/Armored_truck" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored truck">armored trucks</a> in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-utc20160212-199">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-Atlas-370JaySt-Nov2015-200">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-201">[191]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="MetroCard">MetroCard</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: MetroCard">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MetroCard.SVG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8b/MetroCard.SVG/220px-MetroCard.SVG.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8b/MetroCard.SVG/330px-MetroCard.SVG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8b/MetroCard.SVG/440px-MetroCard.SVG.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="126" /></a><figcaption>The current MetroCard design</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/MetroCard" title="MetroCard">MetroCard</a></div> In June 1993, a fare system called the <a href="/wiki/MetroCard" title="MetroCard">MetroCard</a> was introduced, which allows riders to use <a href="/wiki/Magnetic_stripe_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetic stripe card">magnetic stripe cards</a> that store the value equal to the amount paid to a subway station booth clerk or vending machine.<a href="#cite_note-202">[192]</a> The MetroCard was enhanced in 1997 to allow passengers to make free transfers between subways and buses within two hours and several MetroCard-only <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_transfer_stations" title="List of New York City Subway transfer stations">transfers between subway stations</a> were added in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-203">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-204">[194]</a> With the addition of unlimited-ride MetroCards in 1998, the New York City Transit system was the last major transit system in the United States with the exception of <a href="/wiki/BART" class="mw-redirect" title="BART">BART</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> to introduce passes for unlimited bus and rapid transit travel.<a href="#cite_note-205">[195]</a> As of 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit">[update]</a>, MetroCard is to be retired at an undetermined date.<a href="#cite_note-206">[196]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="OMNY">OMNY</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: OMNY">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/OMNY" title="OMNY">OMNY</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OMNY_reader_in_NYC_subway.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/OMNY_reader_in_NYC_subway.jpg/220px-OMNY_reader_in_NYC_subway.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/OMNY_reader_in_NYC_subway.jpg/330px-OMNY_reader_in_NYC_subway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/OMNY_reader_in_NYC_subway.jpg/440px-OMNY_reader_in_NYC_subway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="496" /></a><figcaption>OMNY will eventually replace the MetroCard</figcaption></figure> On October 23, 2017, it was announced that the MetroCard would be phased out and replaced by <a href="/wiki/OMNY" title="OMNY">OMNY</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Contactless_payment" title="Contactless payment">contactless fare payment</a> system by <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Cubic_Transportation_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Cubic Transportation Systems">Cubic Transportation Systems</a>, with fare payment being made using <a href="/wiki/Apple_Pay" title="Apple Pay">Apple Pay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Google_Pay_(payment_method)" title="Google Pay (payment method)">Google Pay</a>, debit/credit cards with <a href="/wiki/Near-field_communication" title="Near-field communication">near-field communication</a> technology, or <a href="/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification" title="Radio-frequency identification">radio-frequency identification</a> cards.<a href="#cite_note-207">[197]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2a-208">[198]</a> As of December 31, 2020, OMNY is available on all MTA buses and at all subway stations.<a href="#cite_note-cbs20201231-209">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modernization">Modernization</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Modernization">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reopening_of_53rd_St_ESI_Station_(36710339210).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Reopening_of_53rd_St_ESI_Station_%2836710339210%29.jpg/220px-Reopening_of_53rd_St_ESI_Station_%2836710339210%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Reopening_of_53rd_St_ESI_Station_%2836710339210%29.jpg/330px-Reopening_of_53rd_St_ESI_Station_%2836710339210%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Reopening_of_53rd_St_ESI_Station_%2836710339210%29.jpg/440px-Reopening_of_53rd_St_ESI_Station_%2836710339210%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1638" /></a><figcaption>A subway station rebuilt under the Enhanced Station Initiative</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Technology_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="Technology of the New York City Subway">Technology of the New York City Subway</a></div> Since the late 20th century, the MTA has started several projects to maintain and improve the subway. In the 1990s, it started converting the <a href="/wiki/BMT_Canarsie_Line" title="BMT Canarsie Line">BMT Canarsie Line</a> to use <a href="/wiki/Communications-based_train_control" title="Communications-based train control">communications-based train control</a>, utilizing a <a href="/wiki/Moving_block" title="Moving block">moving block</a> signal system that allowed more trains to use the tracks and thus increasing passenger capacity.<a href="#cite_note-210">[200]</a> After the Canarsie Line tests were successful, the MTA expanded the automation program in the 2000s and 2010s to include other lines.<a href="#cite_note-211">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-212">[202]</a> As part of another program called FASTRACK, the MTA started closing sections of lines during weekday nights in 2012, in order to allow workers to clean these lines without being hindered by train movements.<a href="#cite_note-213">[203]</a> It expanded the program beyond Manhattan the next year after noticing how efficient the FASTRACK program was compared to previous service diversions.<a href="#cite_note-214">[204]</a> In 2015, the MTA announced a wide-ranging improvement program as part of the 2015–2019 Capital Program. Thirty stations would be extensively rebuilt under the <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Station_Initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Enhanced Station Initiative">Enhanced Station Initiative</a>, and new <a href="/wiki/R211_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R211 (New York City Subway car)">R211</a> subway cars would be able to fit more passengers.<a href="#cite_note-215">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-216">[206]</a> The MTA has also started some projects to improve passenger amenities. It added train arrival "countdown clocks" to most <a href="/wiki/A_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="A Division (New York City Subway)">A Division</a> stations (except on the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Flushing_Line" title="IRT Flushing Line">IRT Flushing Line</a>, serving the <a href="/wiki/7_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="7 (New York City Subway service)">7</a> and <a href="/wiki/7d_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="7d (New York City Subway service)"><7></a> trains) and the <a href="/wiki/BMT_Canarsie_Line" title="BMT Canarsie Line">BMT Canarsie Line</a> (<a href="/wiki/L_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="L (New York City Subway service)">L</a> train) by late 2011, allowing passengers on these routes to see train arrival times using real-time data.<a href="#cite_note-217">[207]</a> A similar countdown-clock project for the <a href="/wiki/B_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="B Division (New York City Subway)">B Division</a> and the Flushing Line was deferred<a href="#cite_note-218">[208]</a> until 2016, when a new <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a>-based clock system was tested successfully.<a href="#cite_note-219">[209]</a> Beginning in 2011, the MTA also started "Help Point" to aid with emergency calls or station agent assistance.<a href="#cite_note-220">[210]</a> The Help Point project was deemed successful, and the MTA subsequently installed Help Points in all stations.<a href="#cite_note-Smith_Insider_20161-221">[211]</a> Interactive <a href="/wiki/Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">touchscreen</a> "On The Go! Travel Station" kiosks, which give station advisories, itineraries, and timetables, were installed starting in 2011,<a href="#cite_note-222">[212]</a> with the program also being expanded after a successful pilot.<a href="#cite_note-223">[213]</a> Cellular phone and wireless data in stations, first installed in 2011 as part of yet another pilot program,<a href="#cite_note-224">[214]</a> was also expanded systemwide due to positive passenger feedback.<a href="#cite_note-Smith_Insider_20161-221">[211]</a> Finally, credit-card trials at several subway stations in 2006 and 2010<a href="#cite_note-225">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-226">[216]</a> led to proposals for <a href="/wiki/Contactless_payment" title="Contactless payment">contactless payment</a> to replace the aging MetroCard.<a href="#cite_note-227">[217]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Safety_and_security">Safety and security</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Safety and security">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Signaling">Signaling</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Signaling">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Signaling_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="Signaling of the New York City Subway">Signaling of the New York City Subway</a></div> Signaling has evolved during a century of operation, and MTA uses a mixture of old and new systems. Most routes use <a href="/wiki/Block_signaling" class="mw-redirect" title="Block signaling">block signaling</a> but a few routes are also being retrofitted with <a href="/wiki/Communications-based_train_control" title="Communications-based train control">communications-based train control</a> (CBTC), which would allow trains to run without train operator input.<a href="#cite_note-228">[218]</a><a href="#cite_note-rpa-signals-229">[219]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wayside_block_signaling">Wayside block signaling</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Wayside block signaling">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:34_St-Hudson_Yards_Station_(21389427245).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/34_St-Hudson_Yards_Station_%2821389427245%29.jpg/220px-34_St-Hudson_Yards_Station_%2821389427245%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/34_St-Hudson_Yards_Station_%2821389427245%29.jpg/330px-34_St-Hudson_Yards_Station_%2821389427245%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/34_St-Hudson_Yards_Station_%2821389427245%29.jpg/440px-34_St-Hudson_Yards_Station_%2821389427245%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2160" data-file-height="1438" /></a><figcaption>Example of a wayside block signal at the <a href="/wiki/34th_Street%E2%80%93Hudson_Yards_(IRT_Flushing_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="34th Street–Hudson Yards (IRT Flushing Line)">34th Street–Hudson Yards</a> station</figcaption></figure> The system currently uses <a href="/wiki/Automatic_block_signaling" title="Automatic block signaling">automatic block signaling</a> with fixed wayside signals and automatic <a href="/wiki/Train_stop" title="Train stop">train stops</a> to provide safe train operation across the whole system.<a href="#cite_note-rpa-signals-229">[219]</a> The New York City Subway system has, for the most part, used block signaling since its first line opened, and many portions of the current signaling system were installed between the 1930s and 1960s. These signals work by preventing trains from entering a "block" occupied by another train. Typically, the blocks are 1,000 feet (300 m) long.<a href="#cite_note-:10-230">[220]</a> Red and green lights show whether a block is occupied or vacant. The train's maximum speed will depend on how many blocks are open in front of it. The signals do not register a train's speed, nor where in the block the train is located.<a href="#cite_note-RPA-Moving_Forward-231">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-232">[222]</a> Subway trains are stopped mechanically at all signals showing "stop". To make <a href="/wiki/Train_protection_system" title="Train protection system">train stops</a> safe and effective, wayside trippers must not be moved to trip ("stop") position until the train has fully passed.<a href="#cite_note-:10-230">[220]</a><a href="#cite_note-Trip_Stop-233">[223]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Communications-based_train_control">Communications-based train control</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Communications-based train control">edit</a>]</div> In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the MTA began automating the subway by installing CBTC, which supplements rather than replaces the fixed-block signal system; it allows trains to operate more closely together with lower <a href="/wiki/Headway" title="Headway">headways</a>. The <a href="/wiki/BMT_Canarsie_Line" title="BMT Canarsie Line">BMT Canarsie Line</a>, on which the <a href="/wiki/L_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="L (New York City Subway service)">L</a> train runs, was chosen for pilot testing because it is a self-contained line that does not operate in conjunction with other lines. CBTC became operational in February 2009.<a href="#cite_note-234">[224]</a> Due to an unexpected ridership increase, the MTA ordered additional cars, and increased service from 15 trains to 26 trains per hour, an achievement beyond the capability of the block system.<a href="#cite_note-neuman-May22-235">[225]</a> The total cost of the project was $340 million.<a href="#cite_note-:10-230">[220]</a> After the success of the BMT Canarsie Line automation, the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Flushing_Line" title="IRT Flushing Line">IRT Flushing Line</a>, carrying the <a href="/wiki/7_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="7 (New York City Subway service)">7</a> and <a href="/wiki/7d_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="7d (New York City Subway service)"><7></a> trains, was next chosen to get CBTC.<a href="#cite_note-236">[226]</a> Estimated to cost US$1.4 billion,<a href="#cite_note-237">[227]</a> the project was completed in November 2018.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-CPOC-Nov2018-238">[228]</a>: 11–12  By 2018, CBTC was in the process of being installed on several other routes as well, particularly the <a href="/wiki/IND_Queens_Boulevard_Line" title="IND Queens Boulevard Line">IND Queens Boulevard Line</a> (<a href="/wiki/E_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="E (New York City Subway service)">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/F_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="F (New York City Subway service)">F</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fd_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fd (New York City Subway service)"><F></a>, <a href="/wiki/M_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="M (New York City Subway service)">M</a>, and <a href="/wiki/R_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="R (New York City Subway service)">R</a> trains) and <a href="/wiki/IND_Culver_Line" title="IND Culver Line">IND Culver Line</a> (<a href="/wiki/F_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="F (New York City Subway service)">F</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fd_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fd (New York City Subway service)"><F></a>, and <a href="/wiki/G_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="G (New York City Subway service)">G</a> trains).<a href="#cite_note-MTA-CPOC-Nov2018-238">[228]</a> The total cost for the entire Queens Boulevard Line is estimated at over $900 million,<a href="#cite_note-239">[229]</a> and the Queens Boulevard CBTC project was completed in 2022.<a href="#cite_note-:12-193">[183]</a> Funding for CBTC on the <a href="/wiki/IND_Eighth_Avenue_Line" title="IND Eighth Avenue Line">IND Eighth Avenue Line</a> is also provided in the 2015–2019 capital plan,<a href="#cite_note-240">[230]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/IND_Crosstown_Line" title="IND Crosstown Line">IND Crosstown Line</a><a href="#cite_note-241">[231]</a> and <a href="/wiki/IND_Fulton_Street_Line" title="IND Fulton Street Line">IND Fulton Street Line</a> were also being equipped with CBTC as of 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit">[update]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-242">[232]</a> The widespread installation of CBTC includes retrofitting many newer subway cars and replacement of older cars.<a href="#cite_note-:4-243">[233]</a> Eventually, the MTA has plans to automate a much larger portion, using <a href="/wiki/One_Person_Train_Operation" class="mw-redirect" title="One Person Train Operation">One Person Train Operation</a> (OPTO) in conjunction with CBTC. At the current pace of installation, it would take 175 years for CBTC to be installed at a cost of $20 billion.<a href="#cite_note-:10-230">[220]</a> The Flushing line operated at almost 30 trains an hour using the signal system installed when the line was built, but after the CBTC installation it became possible that an additional two trains per hour could be operated.<a href="#cite_note-244">[234]</a> In March 2018, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="New York City Transit Authority">New York City Transit Authority</a> president <a href="/wiki/Andy_Byford" title="Andy Byford">Andy Byford</a> announced a new plan for resignaling the subway with CBTC, which would only take 10 to 15 years, compared to the previous estimate of 40 years. This would cost $8 to $15 billion.<a href="#cite_note-245">[235]</a><a href="#cite_note-246">[236]</a> The New York City Subway uses a system known as Automatic Train Supervision (ATS) for dispatching and train routing on the <a href="/wiki/A_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="A Division (New York City Subway)">A Division</a><a href="#cite_note-ats-247">[237]</a> (the Flushing line and the trains used on the 7 and <7> services do not have ATS.)<a href="#cite_note-ats-247">[237]</a> ATS allows dispatchers in the Operations Control Center (OCC) to see where trains are in real time, and whether each individual train is running early or late.<a href="#cite_note-ats-247">[237]</a> Dispatchers can hold trains for connections, re-route trains, or short-turn trains to provide better service when a disruption causes delays.<a href="#cite_note-ats-247">[237]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Train_accidents">Train accidents</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Train accidents">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_City_Subway#Accidents" title="History of the New York City Subway">New York City Subway accidents</a></div> Despite the signal system, there have been at least 64 major train accidents since 1918, when a train bound for <a href="/wiki/South_Ferry_(IRT_elevated_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Ferry (IRT elevated station)">South Ferry</a> collided with two trains halted near <a href="/wiki/Jackson_Avenue_(IRT_White_Plains_Road_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jackson Avenue (IRT White Plains Road Line)">Jackson Avenue</a> on the <a href="/wiki/IRT_White_Plains_Road_Line" title="IRT White Plains Road Line">IRT White Plains Road Line</a> in the Bronx.<a href="#cite_note-Accidents-248">[238]</a> Several accidents resulted when the train operator ran through red signals and rear-ended the subway train in front of it; this resulted from the signaling practice of "keying by", which allowed train operators to bypass red signals. The deadliest accident, the <a href="/wiki/Malbone_Street_Wreck" class="mw-redirect" title="Malbone Street Wreck">Malbone Street Wreck</a>, occurred on November 1, 1918, beneath the intersection of <a href="/wiki/Flatbush_Avenue" title="Flatbush Avenue">Flatbush Avenue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ocean_Avenue_(Brooklyn)" title="Ocean Avenue (Brooklyn)">Ocean Avenue</a>, and Malbone Street (the latter of which is now Empire Boulevard) near the <a href="/wiki/Prospect_Park_(BMT_Brighton_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prospect Park (BMT Brighton Line)">Prospect Park</a> station of the then-BRT <a href="/wiki/BMT_Brighton_Line" title="BMT Brighton Line">Brighton Line</a> in Brooklyn, killing 93 people.<a href="#cite_note-249">[239]</a> As a result of accidents, especially more recent ones such as the <a href="/wiki/1995_Williamsburg_Bridge_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="1995 Williamsburg Bridge crash">1995 Williamsburg Bridge crash</a>, timer signals were installed. These signals have resulted in reduced speeds across the system. Accidents such as <a href="/wiki/Derailment" title="Derailment">derailments</a> are also due to broken equipment, such as the rails and the train itself.<a href="#cite_note-Accidents-248">[238]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Passenger_safety">Passenger safety</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Passenger safety">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:168th_Street_IRT_Broadway_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/168th_Street_IRT_Broadway_2.JPG/220px-168th_Street_IRT_Broadway_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/168th_Street_IRT_Broadway_2.JPG/330px-168th_Street_IRT_Broadway_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/168th_Street_IRT_Broadway_2.JPG/440px-168th_Street_IRT_Broadway_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Yellow platform edges, yellow staircase steps and yellow railings, painted for safety, at the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line platform at 168th Street</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Track_safety_and_suicides">Track safety and suicides</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Track safety and suicides">edit</a>]</div> A portion of subway-related deaths in New York consists of <a href="/wiki/Suicides" class="mw-redirect" title="Suicides">suicides</a> committed by jumping in front of an oncoming train. Between 1990 and 2003, 343 subway-related suicides were registered out of a citywide total of 7,394 (4.6%) and subway-related suicides increased by 30%, despite a decline in overall suicide numbers.<a href="#cite_note-250">[240]</a> Due to increase in people hit by trains in 2013,<a href="#cite_note-251">[241]</a> in late 2013 and early 2014 the MTA started a test program, with four systems installed and strategies instituted to eliminate the number of people hit by trains. <a href="/wiki/Closed-circuit_television_camera" title="Closed-circuit television camera">Closed-circuit television cameras</a>, a web of <a href="/wiki/Laser_beam" class="mw-redirect" title="Laser beam">laser beams</a> stretched across the tracks, <a href="/wiki/Radio_frequency" title="Radio frequency">radio frequencies</a> transmitted across the tracks, and <a href="/wiki/Thermal_imaging_camera" title="Thermal imaging camera">thermal imaging cameras</a> focused on the station's tracks were installed.<a href="#cite_note-thestreet-252">[242]</a> The tests were successful enough that the 2015–2019 capital program included similar installations system-wide.<a href="#cite_note-253">[243]</a> The MTA also expressed interest in starting a pilot program to install <a href="/wiki/Platform_edge_doors" class="mw-redirect" title="Platform edge doors">platform edge doors</a>.<a href="#cite_note-254">[244]</a> Several planned stations in the New York City Subway may possibly feature <a href="/wiki/Platform_screen_doors" title="Platform screen doors">platform screen doors</a>, including at future stations such as those part of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Second Avenue Subway">Second Avenue Subway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-255">[245]</a> In October 2017, it was announced that as part of a <a href="/wiki/Pilot_experiment" title="Pilot experiment">pilot program</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Third_Avenue_(BMT_Canarsie_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Avenue (BMT Canarsie Line)">Third Avenue</a> station would be refitted with platform screen doors during the <a href="/wiki/14th_Street_Tunnel_shutdown" title="14th Street Tunnel shutdown">14th Street Tunnel shutdown</a> in 2019–2020.<a href="#cite_note-256">[246]</a> The $30 million for the platform edge door pilot program was diverted to another project in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-257">[247]</a> Following a series of incidents, MTA announced another PSD pilot program at three stations in February 2022: the <a href="/wiki/7_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="7 (New York City Subway service)">7</a> and <a href="/wiki/7d_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="7d (New York City Subway service)"><7></a> trains' platform at <a href="/wiki/Times_Square_(IRT_Flushing_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Times Square (IRT Flushing Line)">Times Square</a>; the <a href="/wiki/E_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="E (New York City Subway service)">E</a> train's platform at <a href="/wiki/Sutphin_Boulevard%E2%80%93Archer_Avenue%E2%80%93JFK_Airport_(IND_Archer_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sutphin Boulevard–Archer Avenue–JFK Airport (IND Archer Avenue Line)">Sutphin Boulevard–Archer Avenue–JFK Airport</a>; and the Third Avenue station.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-2022-02-23-258">[248]</a> Numerous challenges come with platform doors. Some subway lines operate multiple subway car models, and their doors do not align.<a href="#cite_note-wsj.com-259">[249]</a> Many platforms are not strong enough to hold the additional weight of a platform barrier, thus requiring extensive renovations if they were to be installed.<a href="#cite_note-wsj.com-259">[249]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Crime">Crime</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Crime">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_City_Subway#Crime" title="History of the New York City Subway">History of the New York City Subway § Crime</a></div> Crime rates have varied, but there was a downward trend from the 1990s to 2014.<a href="#cite_note-260">[250]</a> To fight crime, various approaches have been used over the years, including an "If You See Something, Say Something" campaign<a href="#cite_note-auto-261">[251]</a> and, starting in 2016, banning people who commit a crime in the subway system from entering the system for a certain length of time.<a href="#cite_note-262">[252]</a> In July 1985, the <a href="/wiki/Citizens_Crime_Commission_of_New_York_City" title="Citizens Crime Commission of New York City">Citizens Crime Commission of New York City</a> published a study showing riders abandoning the subway, fearing the frequent robberies and generally bad circumstances.<a href="#cite_note-City-263">[253]</a> Crime rates in the subway and the city dropped in 1993, part of a larger citywide decrease in crime.<a href="#cite_note-264">[254]</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bloomberg" title="Michael Bloomberg">Michael Bloomberg</a> stated in a November 2004 press release: "Today, the subway system is safer than it has been at any time since we started tabulating subway crime statistics nearly 40 years ago."<a href="#cite_note-265">[255]</a> Although ridership decreased by 40 percent from 2019 to 2022, the number of crimes in the system remained roughly the same, prompting riders to express concerns over increased crime.<a href="#cite_note-266">[256]</a><a href="#cite_note-NPR.org_2022-267">[257]</a> The subway recorded eight murders in 2021, the highest annual total in 25 years;<a href="#cite_note-Guse_2022-268">[258]</a> by October 2022, nine people had been murdered that year alone.<a href="#cite_note-269">[259]</a><a href="#cite_note-270">[260]</a> The subway system has been the target of some mass attacks, though such attacks are relatively rare.<a href="#cite_note-Chang_2022-271">[261]</a> On December 11, 2017, there was an attempted bombing at the <a href="/wiki/Times_Square%E2%80%9342nd_Street_station" title="Times Square–42nd Street station">Times Square–42nd Street station</a>, injuring four people including the attacker.<a href="#cite_note-272">[262]</a> On April 12, 2022, a <a href="/wiki/2022_New_York_City_Subway_attack" title="2022 New York City Subway attack">shooting attack</a> occurred on the <a href="/wiki/N_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="N (New York City Subway service)">N train</a>, injuring 29 people including 10 who were shot.<a href="#cite_note-Shapiro_Katersky_2022-273">[263]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Photography">Photography</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Photography">edit</a>]</div> After the September 11, 2001, attacks, the MTA exercised extreme caution regarding anyone taking photographs or recording video inside the system and proposed banning all photography and recording in a meeting around June 2004.<a href="#cite_note-274">[264]</a> Due to strong response from both the public and from civil rights groups, the rule of conduct was dropped. In November 2004, the MTA again put this rule up for approval, but was again denied,<a href="#cite_note-275">[265]</a> though many police officers and transit workers still confront or harass people taking photographs or videos.<a href="#cite_note-276">[266]</a> On April 3, 2009, the NYPD issued a directive to officers stating that it is legal to take pictures within the subway system so long as it is not accompanied with suspicious activity.<a href="#cite_note-277">[267]</a> As of 2021<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit">[update]</a>, the MTA Rules of Conduct, Restricted Areas and Activities section states that anyone may take pictures or record videos, provided that they do not use any of three tools: lights, reflectors, or tripods. These three tools are permitted only by members of the press who have identification issued by the NYPD.<a href="#cite_note-278">[268]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Terrorism_prevention">Terrorism prevention</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Terrorism prevention">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Police" title="New York City Transit Police">New York City Transit Police</a></div> On July 22, 2005, in response to <a href="/wiki/July_2005_London_bombings" class="mw-redirect" title="July 2005 London bombings">bombings in London</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department" title="New York City Police Department">New York City Police Department</a> introduced a new policy of randomly searching passengers' bags as they approached turnstiles. The NYPD claimed that no form of <a href="/wiki/Racial_profiling" title="Racial profiling">racial profiling</a> would be conducted when these searches actually took place. The NYPD has come under fire from some groups that claim purely random searches without any form of <a href="/wiki/Threat_assessment" title="Threat assessment">threat assessment</a> would be ineffectual. Donna Lieberman, executive director of the <a href="/wiki/NYCLU" class="mw-redirect" title="NYCLU">NYCLU</a>, stated, "This NYPD bag search policy is unprecedented, unlawful and ineffective. It is essential that police be aggressive in maintaining security in public transportation. But our very real concerns about terrorism do not justify the NYPD subjecting millions of innocent people to suspicionless searches in a way that does not identify any person seeking to engage in terrorist activity and is unlikely to have any meaningful deterrent effect on terrorist activity."<a href="#cite_note-279">[269]</a> The searches were upheld by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit</a> in MacWade v. Kelly.<a href="#cite_note-280">[270]</a> On April 11, 2008, MTA received a <a href="/wiki/Ferrara_Fire_Apparatus" title="Ferrara Fire Apparatus">Ferrara Fire Apparatus</a> <a href="/wiki/Dangerous_goods" title="Dangerous goods">Hazardous Materials Response Truck</a>, which went into service three days later. It will be used in the case of a <a href="/wiki/Chemical_warfare" title="Chemical warfare">chemical</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bioterrorism" title="Bioterrorism">bioterrorist</a> attack.<a href="#cite_note-281">[271]</a> <a href="/wiki/Najibullah_Zazi" title="Najibullah Zazi">Najibullah Zazi</a> and others were arrested in September 2009 and pleaded guilty in 2010 to being part of an <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> plan to undertake suicide bombings on the New York City subway system.<a href="#cite_note-282">[272]</a><a href="#cite_note-283">[273]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Challenges">Challenges</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Challenges">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2009–2010_budget_cuts">2009–2010 budget cuts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: 2009–2010 budget cuts">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NYC_MTA_no_W.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/NYC_MTA_no_W.jpg/220px-NYC_MTA_no_W.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/NYC_MTA_no_W.jpg/330px-NYC_MTA_no_W.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/NYC_MTA_no_W.jpg/440px-NYC_MTA_no_W.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/28th_Street_(BMT_Broadway_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="28th Street (BMT Broadway Line)">28th Street</a> station after the <a href="/wiki/W_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="W (New York City Subway service)">W</a> train was discontinued in mid-2010. Note the dark grey tape masked over the W bullet. (This sign has since been replaced due to the restoration of the W in 2016.)</figcaption></figure> The MTA faced a budget deficit of US$1.2 billion in 2009.<a href="#cite_note-284">[274]</a> This resulted in fare increases (three times from 2008 to 2010)<a href="#cite_note-285">[275]</a> and service reductions (including the elimination of two part-time subway services, the <a href="/wiki/V_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="V (New York City Subway service)">V</a> and <a href="/wiki/W_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="W (New York City Subway service)">W</a>). Several other routes were modified due to the deficit. The <a href="/wiki/N_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="N (New York City Subway service)">N</a> was made a full-time local in Manhattan (in contrast to being a weekend local/weekday express before 2010), while the <a href="/wiki/Q_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="Q (New York City Subway service)">Q</a> was extended nine stations north to <a href="/wiki/Astoria%E2%80%93Ditmars_Boulevard_(BMT_Astoria_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Astoria–Ditmars Boulevard (BMT Astoria Line)">Astoria–Ditmars Boulevard</a> on weekdays, both to cover the discontinued <a href="/wiki/W_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="W (New York City Subway service)">W</a>. The <a href="/wiki/M_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="M (New York City Subway service)">M</a> was combined with the <a href="/wiki/V_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="V (New York City Subway service)">V</a>, routing it over the <a href="/wiki/Chrystie_Street_Connection" title="Chrystie Street Connection">Chrystie Street Connection</a>, <a href="/wiki/IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line" title="IND Sixth Avenue Line">IND Sixth Avenue Line</a> and <a href="/wiki/IND_Queens_Boulevard_Line" title="IND Queens Boulevard Line">IND Queens Boulevard Line</a> to <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills%E2%80%9371st_Avenue_(IND_Queens_Boulevard_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest Hills–71st Avenue (IND Queens Boulevard Line)">Forest Hills–71st Avenue</a> on weekdays instead of via the <a href="/wiki/BMT_Fourth_Avenue_Line" title="BMT Fourth Avenue Line">BMT Fourth Avenue Line</a> and <a href="/wiki/BMT_West_End_Line" title="BMT West End Line">BMT West End Line</a> to Bay Parkway. The <a href="/wiki/G_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="G (New York City Subway service)">G</a> was truncated to <a href="/wiki/Court_Square_(IND_Crosstown_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Court Square (IND Crosstown Line)">Court Square</a> full-time. Construction headways on eleven routes were lengthened, and off-peak service was lengthened on seven routes.<a href="#cite_note-MTA_2010-286">[276]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2017–2021_state_of_emergency">2017–2021 state of emergency</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: 2017–2021 state of emergency">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%932021_New_York_City_transit_crisis" title="2017–2021 New York City transit crisis">2017–2021 New York City transit crisis</a></div> In June 2017, Governor <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a> signed an executive order declaring a state of emergency for the New York City Subway<a href="#cite_note-287">[277]</a> after a series of derailments,<a href="#cite_note-:022-288">[278]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1102-289">[279]</a> track fires,<a href="#cite_note-:262-290">[280]</a><a href="#cite_note-291">[281]</a> and overcrowding incidents.<a href="#cite_note-:262-290">[280]</a><a href="#cite_note-292">[282]</a> On June 27, 2017, thirty-nine people were injured when an <a href="/wiki/A_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="A (New York City Subway service)">A</a> train derailed at <a href="/wiki/125th_Street_(IND_Eighth_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="125th Street (IND Eighth Avenue Line)">125th Street</a>,<a href="#cite_note-NY120172-293">[283]</a><a href="#cite_note-294">[284]</a> damaging tracks and signals<a href="#cite_note-:022-288">[278]</a> then catching fire.<a href="#cite_note-:022-288">[278]</a><a href="#cite_note-Santora-295">[285]</a> On July 21, 2017, the second set of wheels on a southbound <a href="/wiki/Q_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="Q (New York City Subway service)">Q</a> train jumped the track near <a href="/wiki/Brighton_Beach_(BMT_Brighton_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brighton Beach (BMT Brighton Line)">Brighton Beach</a>, with nine people suffering injuries<a href="#cite_note-:1102-289">[279]</a> due to improper maintenance of the car in question.<a href="#cite_note-Honan-296">[286]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cook-297">[287]</a> To solve the system's problems, the MTA officially announced the <a href="/wiki/Genius_Transit_Challenge" class="mw-redirect" title="Genius Transit Challenge">Genius Transit Challenge</a> on June 28, where contestants could submit ideas to improve signals, communications infrastructure, or rolling stock.<a href="#cite_note-298">[288]</a><a href="#cite_note-299">[289]</a> On July 25, 2017, Chairman <a href="/wiki/Joe_Lhota" title="Joe Lhota">Joe Lhota</a> announced a two-phase, $9 billion New York City Subway Action Plan to stabilize the subway system and to prevent the continuing decline of the system.<a href="#cite_note-300">[290]</a><a href="#cite_note-:422-301">[291]</a><a href="#cite_note-:322-302">[292]</a><a href="#cite_note-:522-303">[293]</a> The first phase, costing $836 million, consisted of five categories of improvements in Signal and Track Maintenance, Car Reliability, System Safety and Cleanliness, Customer Communication, and Critical Management Group. The $8 billion second phase would implement the winning proposals from the Genius Transit Challenge and fix more widespread problems.<a href="#cite_note-:422-301">[291]</a><a href="#cite_note-:322-302">[292]</a><a href="#cite_note-:522-303">[293]</a> Six winning submissions for the Genius Transit Challenge were announced in March 2018.<a href="#cite_note-304">[294]</a> In October 2017, city comptroller <a href="/wiki/Scott_Stringer" title="Scott Stringer">Scott Stringer</a> released an analysis that subway delays could cost up to $389 million or $243.1 million or $170.2 million per year depending on the length of the delays.<a href="#cite_note-305">[295]</a> In November 2017, The New York Times published its investigation into the crisis. It found that the crisis had arisen as a result of financially unsound decisions by local and state politicians from both the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> parties. According to the Times, these decisions included overspending; overpaying unions and interest groups; advertising superficial improvement projects while ignoring more important infrastructure; and agreeing to high-interest loans that would have been unnecessary without these politicians' other interventions. By this time, the subway's 65% average on-time performance was the lowest among all major cities' transit systems, and every non-shuttle subway route's on-time performance had declined in the previous ten years.<a href="#cite_note-306">[296]</a> The state of emergency ended on June 30, 2021, after previously being renewed 49 times.<a href="#cite_note-307">[297]</a> As of October 2021<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit">[update]</a>, on-time performance across all routes is at 80.6 percent.<a href="#cite_note-308">[298]</a> Worsening subway reliability and service cuts in the early 2020s have been attributed to chronic mismanagement at the agency and a botched restructuring plan that was implemented under former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-309">[299]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Capacity_constraints">Capacity constraints</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Capacity constraints">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Q_Train_Rush_Hour.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The Q train filled with commuters, many within one inch of each other. Several commuters are seen using smartphones; others are holding on to the train while standing." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Downtown_Q_Train_Rush_Hour.jpg/220px-Downtown_Q_Train_Rush_Hour.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Downtown_Q_Train_Rush_Hour.jpg/330px-Downtown_Q_Train_Rush_Hour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Downtown_Q_Train_Rush_Hour.jpg/440px-Downtown_Q_Train_Rush_Hour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>The interior of a <a href="/wiki/Q_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="Q (New York City Subway service)">Q</a> train during afternoon rush hour</figcaption></figure> Several subway lines have reached their operational limits in terms of train frequency and passengers, according to data released by the Transit Authority. By 2007, the E, L, and all <a href="/wiki/A_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="A Division (New York City Subway)">A Division</a> services except the <a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_Shuttle" title="42nd Street Shuttle">42nd Street Shuttle</a> were beyond capacity, as well as portions of the <a href="/wiki/N_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="N (New York City Subway service)">N</a> train.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-NYCS-packed-2008-310">[300]</a><a href="#cite_note-311">[301]</a> In April 2013, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(magazine)" title="New York (magazine)">New York magazine</a> reported that the system was more crowded than it had been in the previous 66 years.<a href="#cite_note-312">[302]</a> The subway reached a daily ridership of 6 million for 29 days in 2014, and was expected to record a similar ridership level for 55 days in 2015; by comparison, in 2013, daily ridership never reached 6 million.<a href="#cite_note-313">[303]</a> In particular, the express tracks of the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Lexington Avenue Line">IRT Lexington Avenue Line</a> and <a href="/wiki/IND_Queens_Boulevard_Line" title="IND Queens Boulevard Line">IND Queens Boulevard Line</a> are noted for operating at full capacity during peak hours.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-NYCS-packed-2008-310">[300]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTA-CBTC-July2015-314">[304]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a> <a href="/wiki/East_Side_Access" title="East Side Access">East Side Access</a> project, which opened in January 2023,<a href="#cite_note-Brachfeld_2023-315">[305]</a> was expected to bring many more commuters to the Lexington Avenue Line.<a href="#cite_note-316">[306]</a><a href="#cite_note-317">[307]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Second Avenue Subway">Second Avenue Subway</a> was built to relieve pressure on the Lexington Avenue Line (<a href="/wiki/4_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="4 (New York City Subway service)">4</a>, <a href="/wiki/5_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="5 (New York City Subway service)">5</a>, <a href="/wiki/6_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="6 (New York City Subway service)">6</a>, and <a href="/wiki/6d_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="6d (New York City Subway service)"><6></a> trains) by shifting an estimated 225,000 passengers.<a href="#cite_note-:4-243">[233]</a> Following the onset of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New York City">COVID-19 pandemic in New York City</a> in 2020, there was enough of a ridership decrease that these routes were no longer crammed to capacity during rush hours, although they still experienced some crowding.<a href="#cite_note-Bonanos_2022_y888-318">[308]</a> By early 2016, delays as a result of overcrowding were up to more than 20,000 every month, four times the amount in 2012. The overcrowded trains have resulted in an increase of assaults. With less platform space, more passengers are forced to be on the edge of the platform resulting in the increased possibility of passengers falling on the track. The MTA is considering <a href="/wiki/Platform_screen_doors" title="Platform screen doors">platform screen doors</a>, which exist on the <a href="/wiki/AirTrain_JFK" title="AirTrain JFK">AirTrain JFK</a> to prevent passengers falling onto the tracks.<a href="#cite_note-:3-319">[309]</a> As of February 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit">[update]</a>, platform screen doors were planned to be installed in three stations, following an increase in people being pushed onto the tracks.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-2022-02-23-258">[248]</a><a href="#cite_note-Brosnan_2022-320">[310]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Expanding_service_frequency_via_CBTC">Expanding service frequency via CBTC</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Expanding service frequency via CBTC">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Signaling_of_the_New_York_City_Subway#Automation" title="Signaling of the New York City Subway">Signaling of the New York City Subway § Automation</a></div> The MTA has sought to relieve overcrowding by upgrading signaling systems on some lines to use communications-based train control.<a href="#cite_note-321">[311]</a> CBTC installation on the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Flushing_Line" title="IRT Flushing Line">Flushing Line</a> is expected to increase the rate of trains per hour on the <a href="/wiki/7_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="7 (New York City Subway service)">7</a> and <a href="/wiki/7d_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="7d (New York City Subway service)"><7></a> trains, but little relief will come to other crowded lines until later.<a href="#cite_note-:12-193">[183]</a> The <a href="/wiki/L_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="L (New York City Subway service)">L</a> train, which is overcrowded during rush hours, already has CBTC operation.<a href="#cite_note-chan-January14-322">[312]</a> The installation of CBTC has reduced the L's running time by 3%.<a href="#cite_note-:4-243">[233]</a> Even with CBTC, there are limits on the potential increased service. For L service to be increased further, a power upgrade as well as additional space for the L to turn around at its Manhattan terminus, <a href="/wiki/14th_Street%E2%80%93Eighth_Avenue_(New_York_City_Subway)" class="mw-redirect" title="14th Street–Eighth Avenue (New York City Subway)">Eighth Avenue</a>, are needed.<a href="#cite_note-:8-134">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Service_frequency_and_car_capacity">Service frequency and car capacity</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Service frequency and car capacity">edit</a>]</div> Due to an increase of ridership, the MTA has tried to increase capacity wherever possible by adding more frequent service, specifically during the evening hours. This increase is not likely to keep up with the growth of subway ridership.<a href="#cite_note-:3-319">[309]</a><a href="#cite_note-323">[313]</a><a href="#cite_note-324">[314]</a> Some lines have capacity for additional trains during peak times, but there are too few subway cars for this additional service to be operated.<a href="#cite_note-:8-134">[127]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:34th_St_Hudson_Yards_td_30_-_R211_Open_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/34th_St_Hudson_Yards_td_30_-_R211_Open_House.jpg/220px-34th_St_Hudson_Yards_td_30_-_R211_Open_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/34th_St_Hudson_Yards_td_30_-_R211_Open_House.jpg/330px-34th_St_Hudson_Yards_td_30_-_R211_Open_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/34th_St_Hudson_Yards_td_30_-_R211_Open_House.jpg/440px-34th_St_Hudson_Yards_td_30_-_R211_Open_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5152" data-file-height="3864" /></a><figcaption>Mockup of the proposed experimental open-gangway configuration for the R211T subway car</figcaption></figure> As part of the <a href="/wiki/R211_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R211 (New York City Subway car)">R211</a> subway car order, the MTA is planning to test a train of 10 <a href="/wiki/Articulated_train" class="mw-redirect" title="Articulated train">open-gangway</a> experimental prototype cars, which could increase capacity by up to 10% by utilizing space between cars. The order could be expanded to include up to 750 open-gangway cars.<a href="#cite_note-MTACapital-15-19-2015-325">[315]</a><a href="#cite_note-MTA-CapitalOversight-Jan2016-326">[316]</a><a href="#cite_note-327">[317]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Platform_crowd_control">Platform crowd control</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Platform crowd control">edit</a>]</div> The MTA is also testing smaller ideas on some services. Starting in late 2015, 100 "station platform controllers" were deployed for the <a href="/wiki/F_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="F (New York City Subway service)">F</a>, <a href="/wiki/6_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="6 (New York City Subway service)">6</a>, and <a href="/wiki/7_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="7 (New York City Subway service)">7</a> trains, to manage the flow of passengers on and off crowded trains during morning rush hours. There were a total of 129 such employees, who also answer passengers' questions about subway directions, rather than having conductors answer them and thus delaying the trains.<a href="#cite_note-328">[318]</a><a href="#cite_note-329">[319]</a><a href="#cite_note-330">[320]</a><a href="#cite_note-:14-331">[321]</a> In early 2017, the test was expanded to the afternoon peak period with an increase of 35 platform conductors.<a href="#cite_note-:12-193">[183]</a><a href="#cite_note-332">[322]</a> In November of the same year, 140 platform controllers and 90 conductors gained <a href="/wiki/IPhone_6S" class="mw-redirect" title="IPhone 6S">iPhone 6S</a> devices so they could receive notifications of, and tell riders about, subway disruptions.<a href="#cite_note-333">[323]</a> Subway guards, the predecessors to the platform controllers, were first used during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:3-319">[309]</a> Shortened "next stop" announcements on trains were being tested on the <a href="/wiki/2_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="2 (New York City Subway service)">2</a> and <a href="/wiki/5_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="5 (New York City Subway service)">5</a> trains. "Step aside" signs on the platforms, reminding boarding passengers to let departing passengers off the train first, were tested at <a href="/wiki/Grand_Central%E2%80%9342nd_Street_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Central–42nd Street (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">Grand Central–42nd Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/51st_Street_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="51st Street (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">51st Street</a>, and <a href="/wiki/86th_Street_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="86th Street (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">86th Street</a> on the Lexington Avenue Line.<a href="#cite_note-:14-331">[321]</a><a href="#cite_note-334">[324]</a> Cameras would also be installed so the MTA could observe passenger overcrowding.<a href="#cite_note-:4-243">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-335">[325]</a><a href="#cite_note-Scribd_2015-336">[326]</a> In systems like the <a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground">London Underground</a>, stations are simply closed off when they are overcrowded; that type of restriction is not necessary yet on the New York City Subway, according to MTA spokesman Kevin Ortiz.<a href="#cite_note-:3-319">[309]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subway_flooding">Subway flooding</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Subway flooding">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_York_City_Subway_100_1888_edited.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Rain from drainage pipes entering a subway car" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/New_York_City_Subway_100_1888_edited.JPG/220px-New_York_City_Subway_100_1888_edited.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/New_York_City_Subway_100_1888_edited.JPG/330px-New_York_City_Subway_100_1888_edited.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/New_York_City_Subway_100_1888_edited.JPG/440px-New_York_City_Subway_100_1888_edited.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Rain from <a href="/wiki/Drainage" title="Drainage">drainage</a> pipes entering a subway car</figcaption></figure> Service on the subway system is occasionally disrupted by flooding from rainstorms, even minor ones.<a href="#cite_note-Mancini_2010-337">[327]</a> Rainwater can disrupt signals underground and require the electrified <a href="/wiki/Third_rail" title="Third rail">third rail</a> to be shut off. Every day, the MTA moves 13 million gallons of water when it is not raining.<a href="#cite_note-Subway_Flooding-338">[328]</a> The pumps and drainage system can handle a rainfall rate of 1.75 inches (44 mm) per hour.<a href="#cite_note-Subway_Flooding-338">[328]</a><a href="#cite_note-flood_report-339">[329]</a>: 10  Since 1992, $357 million has been used to improve 269 pump rooms. By August 2007, $115 million was earmarked to upgrade the remaining 18 pump rooms.<a href="#cite_note-340">[330]</a> Despite these improvements, the transit system continues to experience flooding problems. On August 8, 2007, after more than 3 inches (76 mm) of rain fell within an hour, the subway system flooded, causing almost every subway service to either be disabled or seriously disrupted, effectively halting the morning rush.<a href="#cite_note-341">[331]</a> On September 1, 2021, when 3 to 5 inches (76 to 127 mm) of rain per hour fell during <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ida" title="Hurricane Ida">Hurricane Ida</a>, service on the entire subway system was suspended.<a href="#cite_note-342">[332]</a> As part of a $130 million and an estimated 18-month project, the MTA began installing new subway grates in September 2008 in an attempt to prevent rain from overflowing into the subway system. The metallic structures, designed with the help of architectural firms and meant as a piece of public art, are placed atop existing grates but with a 3-to-4-inch (76 to 102 mm) sleeve to prevent debris and rain from flooding the subway. The racks will at first be installed in the three most flood-prone areas as determined by hydrologists: <a href="/wiki/Jamaica,_Queens" title="Jamaica, Queens">Jamaica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tribeca" title="Tribeca">Tribeca</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Upper_West_Side" title="Upper West Side">Upper West Side</a>. Each neighborhood has its own distinct design, some featuring a wave-like deck which increases in height and features seating (as in Jamaica), others with a flatter deck that includes seating and a bike rack.<a href="#cite_note-343">[333]</a><a href="#cite_note-344">[334]</a><a href="#cite_note-345">[335]</a> In October 2012, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy" title="Hurricane Sandy">Hurricane Sandy</a> caused <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy_in_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Sandy in New York">significant damage to New York City</a>, and many subway tunnels were inundated with floodwater. The subway opened with limited service two days after the storm and was running at 80 percent capacity within five days; some infrastructure needed years to repair. A year after the storm, MTA spokesperson Kevin Ortiz said, "This was unprecedented in terms of the amount of damage that we were seeing throughout the system."<a href="#cite_note-346">[336]</a><a href="#cite_note-:9-347">[337]</a> The storm flooded nine of the system's 14 underwater tunnels, many subway lines, and several subway yards, as well as completely destroying a portion of the <a href="/wiki/IND_Rockaway_Line" title="IND Rockaway Line">IND Rockaway Line</a> and much of the <a href="/wiki/South_Ferry_(IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Ferry (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)">South Ferry</a> terminal station. Reconstruction required many partial or total closures on several lines and tunnels.<a href="#cite_note-348">[338]</a> Heavy flooding also occurred in September 2021 during <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ida" title="Hurricane Ida">Hurricane Ida</a><a href="#cite_note-NPR_2021_m246-349">[339]</a> and <a href="/wiki/September_2023_New_York_floods" title="September 2023 New York floods">in September 2023</a> during the aftermath of <a href="/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Ophelia_(2023)" title="Tropical Storm Ophelia (2023)">Tropical Storm Ophelia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-350">[340]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 228px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 226px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Pumping125Street.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flooding at 125th Street after a water main break"><img alt="Flooding at 125th Street after a water main break" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Pumping125Street.jpg/339px-Pumping125Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Pumping125Street.jpg/509px-Pumping125Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Pumping125Street.jpg/678px-Pumping125Street.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1275" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flooding at <a href="/wiki/125th_Street_(IND_Eighth_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="125th Street (IND Eighth Avenue Line)">125th Street</a> after a water main break</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Bowling_Green_Station_Entrance_in_Flood_Prep_vc.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Preparations for Hurricane Sandy at Bowling Green"><img alt="Preparations for Hurricane Sandy at Bowling Green" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Bowling_Green_Station_Entrance_in_Flood_Prep_vc.jpg/338px-Bowling_Green_Station_Entrance_in_Flood_Prep_vc.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Bowling_Green_Station_Entrance_in_Flood_Prep_vc.jpg/507px-Bowling_Green_Station_Entrance_in_Flood_Prep_vc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Bowling_Green_Station_Entrance_in_Flood_Prep_vc.jpg/675px-Bowling_Green_Station_Entrance_in_Flood_Prep_vc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Preparations for <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy" title="Hurricane Sandy">Hurricane Sandy</a> at <a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowling Green (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">Bowling Green</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Ferry_Subway_Station_Entrance_under_Water_vc.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="South Ferry after Hurricane Sandy"><img alt="New South Ferry station after Hurricane Sandy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/South_Ferry_Subway_Station_Entrance_under_Water_vc.jpg/338px-South_Ferry_Subway_Station_Entrance_under_Water_vc.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/South_Ferry_Subway_Station_Entrance_under_Water_vc.jpg/507px-South_Ferry_Subway_Station_Entrance_under_Water_vc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/South_Ferry_Subway_Station_Entrance_under_Water_vc.jpg/675px-South_Ferry_Subway_Station_Entrance_under_Water_vc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/South_Ferry_(IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Ferry (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)">South Ferry</a> after Hurricane Sandy</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Pump_Train_in_Cranberry_Street_Tunnel_after_Hurricane_Sandy_vc.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pump train in the Cranberry Street Tube after Hurricane Sandy"><img alt="A pump train is seen removing water from the Cranberry Street Tube shortly after Hurricane Sandy. The water is brown in color." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Pump_Train_in_Cranberry_Street_Tunnel_after_Hurricane_Sandy_vc.jpg/338px-Pump_Train_in_Cranberry_Street_Tunnel_after_Hurricane_Sandy_vc.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Pump_Train_in_Cranberry_Street_Tunnel_after_Hurricane_Sandy_vc.jpg/507px-Pump_Train_in_Cranberry_Street_Tunnel_after_Hurricane_Sandy_vc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Pump_Train_in_Cranberry_Street_Tunnel_after_Hurricane_Sandy_vc.jpg/675px-Pump_Train_in_Cranberry_Street_Tunnel_after_Hurricane_Sandy_vc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pump train in the <a href="/wiki/Cranberry_Street_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Cranberry Street Tunnel">Cranberry Street Tube</a> after Hurricane Sandy</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Full_and_partial_subway_closures">Full and partial subway closures</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Full and partial subway closures">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MTA_New_York_City_Transit_Sanitizes_Stations_and_Subway_Cars_(49618677077).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/MTA_New_York_City_Transit_Sanitizes_Stations_and_Subway_Cars_%2849618677077%29.jpg/220px-MTA_New_York_City_Transit_Sanitizes_Stations_and_Subway_Cars_%2849618677077%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/MTA_New_York_City_Transit_Sanitizes_Stations_and_Subway_Cars_%2849618677077%29.jpg/330px-MTA_New_York_City_Transit_Sanitizes_Stations_and_Subway_Cars_%2849618677077%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/MTA_New_York_City_Transit_Sanitizes_Stations_and_Subway_Cars_%2849618677077%29.jpg/440px-MTA_New_York_City_Transit_Sanitizes_Stations_and_Subway_Cars_%2849618677077%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4565" data-file-height="3506" /></a><figcaption>Disinfection of New York City Subway cars against <a href="/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2">coronavirus</a> during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New York City">COVID-19 pandemic in New York City</a></figcaption></figure> Before 2011 there have been some full subway closures for transit strikes (<a href="/wiki/1966_New_York_City_transit_strike" title="1966 New York City transit strike">January 1–13, 1966</a>,<a href="#cite_note-351">[341]</a> <a href="/wiki/1980_New_York_City_transit_strike" title="1980 New York City transit strike">April 1–11, 1980</a>,<a href="#cite_note-352">[342]</a> <a href="/wiki/2005_New_York_City_transit_strike" title="2005 New York City transit strike">December 20–22, 2005</a>)<a href="#cite_note-353">[343]</a> and blackouts (<a href="/wiki/Northeast_blackout_of_1965" title="Northeast blackout of 1965">November 9–10, 1965</a>,<a href="#cite_note-354">[344]</a> <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_blackout_of_1977" title="New York City blackout of 1977">July 13–14, 1977</a>,<a href="#cite_note-355">[345]</a> <a href="/wiki/Northeast_blackout_of_2003" title="Northeast blackout of 2003">August 14–16, 2003</a><a href="#cite_note-356">[346]</a>). On August 27, 2011, due to the approach of <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Irene_(2011)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Irene (2011)">Hurricane Irene</a>, the MTA suspended subway service at noon in anticipation of heavy flooding on tracks and in tunnels. It was the first weather-caused shutdown in the history of the system.<a href="#cite_note-357">[347]</a> Service was restored by August 29.<a href="#cite_note-358">[348]</a><a href="#cite_note-359">[349]</a> On October 29, 2012, a full closure was ordered before the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy" title="Hurricane Sandy">Hurricane Sandy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:9-347">[337]</a> All services on the subway, the <a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metro-North" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro-North">Metro-North</a> were gradually shut down by 7:00 P.M. to protect passengers, employees, and equipment from the coming storm.<a href="#cite_note-360">[350]</a> The storm <a href="/wiki/Effects_of_Hurricane_Sandy_in_New_York" title="Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York">caused serious damage</a> to the system, especially the <a href="/wiki/IND_Rockaway_Line" title="IND Rockaway Line">IND Rockaway Line</a>, upon which many sections between <a href="/wiki/Howard_Beach%E2%80%93JFK_Airport_(IND_Rockaway_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Howard Beach–JFK Airport (IND Rockaway Line)">Howard Beach–JFK Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hammels_Wye" class="mw-redirect" title="Hammels Wye">Hammels Wye</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Rockaway,_Queens" title="Rockaway, Queens">Rockaway Peninsula</a> were heavily damaged, leaving it essentially isolated from the rest of the system.<a href="#cite_note-asandy-361">[351]</a><a href="#cite_note-362">[352]</a> This required the NYCTA to truck in 20 <a href="/wiki/R32_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R32 (New York City Subway car)">R32</a> subway cars to the line to provide some interim service (temporarily designated the <a href="/wiki/H_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="H (New York City Subway service)">H</a>).<a href="#cite_note-363">[353]</a><a href="#cite_note-SandyRecoveryMap-364">[354]</a><a href="#cite_note-365">[355]</a> Also, several of the system's tunnels under the <a href="/wiki/East_River" title="East River">East River</a> were flooded by the storm surge.<a href="#cite_note-366">[356]</a> <a href="/wiki/South_Ferry_(IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Ferry (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)">South Ferry</a> suffered serious water damage and did not reopen until April 4, 2013, by restoring service to the older <a href="/wiki/South_Ferry_loops" class="mw-redirect" title="South Ferry loops">loop-configured station</a> that had been replaced in 2009;<a href="#cite_note-Mann_2013-367">[357]</a><a href="#cite_note-368">[358]</a> the stub-end terminal tracks remained out of service until June 2017.<a href="#cite_note-369">[359]</a><a href="#cite_note-370">[360]</a><a href="#cite_note-bidprocessouthferry-371">[361]</a><a href="#cite_note-372">[362]</a> Since 2015, there have been several blizzard-related subway shutdowns. On January 26, 2015, another full closure was ordered by <a href="/wiki/New_York_Governor" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Governor">New York Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a> due to the <a href="/wiki/January_2015_nor%27easter" class="mw-redirect" title="January 2015 nor'easter">January 2015 nor'easter</a>, originally projected to leave New York City with 20 to 30 inches (51 to 76 cm) of snow; this was the first shutdown in the system's history to be ordered due to snow.<a href="#cite_note-373">[363]</a> The next day, the subway system was partially reopened.<a href="#cite_note-374">[364]</a><a href="#cite_note-375">[365]</a> Several residents criticized the decision to shut down the subway system due to snow, as the nor'easter dropped much less snow in the city than originally expected, totaling only 9.8 inches (25 cm) in <a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a>.<a href="#cite_note-controversy-376">[366]</a><a href="#cite_note-377">[367]</a> For subsequent snowstorms, the MTA published a winter underground-only subway service plan. When this plan is in effect, all above-ground stations would be closed and all above-ground service suspended, except at <a href="/wiki/125th_Street_station_(IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line)" title="125th Street station (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)">125th Street and Broadway</a>, where <a href="/wiki/1_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="1 (New York City Subway service)">1</a> trains would run above ground but skip the station. Underground service would remain operational, except at a small number of stations that would be closed because of their proximity to above-ground portions of the system.<a href="#cite_note-378">[368]</a> This plan was first used on January 23, 2016, during the <a href="/wiki/January_2016_United_States_blizzard" title="January 2016 United States blizzard">January 2016 United States blizzard</a>;<a href="#cite_note-379">[369]</a> it was also used on March 14, 2017, due to the <a href="/wiki/March_2017_nor%27easter" class="mw-redirect" title="March 2017 nor'easter">March 2017 nor'easter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-380">[370]</a> On August 4, 2020, service at above-ground stations was suspended due to the high wind gusts brought by <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Isaias" title="Hurricane Isaias">Tropical Storm Isaias</a>.<a href="#cite_note-381">[371]</a> Starting on May 6, 2020, as a result of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New York City">COVID-19 pandemic in New York City</a>, stations were closed between 1:00 a.m. and 5:00 a.m. for cleaning and disinfecting.<a href="#cite_note-382">[372]</a><a href="#cite_note-383">[373]</a> Nevertheless, over 500 trains continued running every 20 minutes between 1 a.m. and 5 a.m., carrying only transit workers and emergency personnel. The trains kept running because there was not enough space in the system to store all trains simultaneously, and also so that they could easily resume service upon the start of rush hour at 5 a.m.<a href="#cite_note-384">[374]</a> In February 2021, the overnight closures were shortened to between 2 and 4 a.m.,<a href="#cite_note-385">[375]</a><a href="#cite_note-386">[376]</a> and in May 2021, Cuomo announced that 24-hour service would resume on May 17.<a href="#cite_note-Slattery_Sommerfeldt_Guse_2021-387">[377]</a><a href="#cite_note-388">[378]</a> This was the longest shutdown in the subway's history.<a href="#cite_note-389">[379]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Snow_Removal_on_Subways_(12507867423).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Snow removal during the 2014 snow storm"><img alt="Snow removal during the 2014 snow storm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Snow_Removal_on_Subways_%2812507867423%29.jpg/300px-Snow_Removal_on_Subways_%2812507867423%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Snow_Removal_on_Subways_%2812507867423%29.jpg/451px-Snow_Removal_on_Subways_%2812507867423%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Snow_Removal_on_Subways_%2812507867423%29.jpg/600px-Snow_Removal_on_Subways_%2812507867423%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Snow removal during the 2014 snow storm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Subway_Closure_Night_2_-_Coney_Island_Terminal_(49866371657).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Closed turnstiles during the COVID-19 pandemic"><img alt="Closed turnstiles during the COVID-19 pandemic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Subway_Closure_Night_2_-_Coney_Island_Terminal_%2849866371657%29.jpg/338px-Subway_Closure_Night_2_-_Coney_Island_Terminal_%2849866371657%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Subway_Closure_Night_2_-_Coney_Island_Terminal_%2849866371657%29.jpg/507px-Subway_Closure_Night_2_-_Coney_Island_Terminal_%2849866371657%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Subway_Closure_Night_2_-_Coney_Island_Terminal_%2849866371657%29.jpg/675px-Subway_Closure_Night_2_-_Coney_Island_Terminal_%2849866371657%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5568" data-file-height="3712" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Closed turnstiles during the COVID-19 pandemic</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 214.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 212.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheepshead_Bay_Isaias_vc.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fallen tree during Hurricane Isaias"><img alt="Fallen tree during Hurricane Isaias" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Sheepshead_Bay_Isaias_vc.jpg/319px-Sheepshead_Bay_Isaias_vc.jpg" decoding="async" width="213" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Sheepshead_Bay_Isaias_vc.jpg/480px-Sheepshead_Bay_Isaias_vc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Sheepshead_Bay_Isaias_vc.jpg/639px-Sheepshead_Bay_Isaias_vc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4970" data-file-height="3503" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fallen tree during Hurricane Isaias</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Litter_and_rodents">Litter and rodents</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Litter and rodents">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Rats_in_New_York_City" title="Rats in New York City">Rats in New York City</a></div> Litter accumulation in the subway system is perennial. In the 1970s and 1980s, dirty trains and platforms, as well as graffiti, were a serious problem. The situation had improved since then, but the 2010 budget crisis, which caused over 100 of the cleaning staff to lose their jobs, threatened to curtail trash removal.<a href="#cite_note-390">[380]</a><a href="#cite_note-391">[381]</a> Every day, the MTA removes 40 tons of trash from 3,500 trash receptacles.<a href="#cite_note-:17-392">[382]</a> The New York City Subway system is infested with <a href="/wiki/Rat" title="Rat">rats</a>.<a href="#cite_note-393">[383]</a> Rats are sometimes seen on platforms,<a href="#cite_note-394">[384]</a> and are commonly seen foraging through garbage thrown onto the tracks. They are believed to pose a health hazard, and on rare instances have been known to bite humans.<a href="#cite_note-395">[385]</a> Subway stations notorious for rat infestation include <a href="/wiki/Chambers_Street_%E2%80%93_World_Trade_Center_(IND_Eighth_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chambers Street – World Trade Center (IND Eighth Avenue Line)">Chambers Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jay_Street%E2%80%93MetroTech_(IND_Fulton_Street_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jay Street–MetroTech (IND Fulton Street Line)">Jay Street–MetroTech</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Fourth_Street_%E2%80%93_Washington_Square_(New_York_City_Subway)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Fourth Street – Washington Square (New York City Subway)">West Fourth Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spring_Street_(IND_Eighth_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring Street (IND Eighth Avenue Line)">Spring Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/145th_Street_(IRT_Lenox_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="145th Street (IRT Lenox Avenue Line)">145th Street</a>.<a href="#cite_note-396">[386]</a> Decades of efforts to eradicate or simply thin the rat population in the system have been a failure. In March 2009, the Transit Authority announced a series of changes to its vermin control strategy, including new <a href="/wiki/Rodenticide" title="Rodenticide">poison</a> formulas and experimental trap designs.<a href="#cite_note-397">[387]</a> In October 2011, they announced a new initiative to clean 25 subway stations, along with their garbage rooms, of rat infestations.<a href="#cite_note-398">[388]</a> That same month, the MTA announced a pilot program aimed at reducing levels of garbage in the subways by removing all garbage bins from the subway platforms. The initiative was tested at the <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Street%E2%80%93New_York_University_(BMT_Broadway_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eighth Street–New York University (BMT Broadway Line)">Eighth Street–New York University</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flushing%E2%80%93Main_Street_(IRT_Flushing_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flushing–Main Street (IRT Flushing Line)">Flushing–Main Street</a> stations.<a href="#cite_note-399">[389]</a> As of March 2016, stations along the <a href="/wiki/BMT_Jamaica_Line" title="BMT Jamaica Line">BMT Jamaica Line</a>, <a href="/wiki/BMT_Myrtle_Avenue_Line" title="BMT Myrtle Avenue Line">BMT Myrtle Avenue Line</a>, and various other stations had their garbage cans removed due to the success of the program.<a href="#cite_note-auto4-400">[390]</a> In March 2017 the program was ended as a failure.<a href="#cite_note-401">[391]</a> The old vacuum trains that are designed to remove trash from the tracks are ineffective and often broken.<a href="#cite_note-auto4-400">[390]</a> A 2016 study by Travel Math had the New York City Subway listed as the dirtiest subway system in the country based on the number of viable bacteria cells.<a href="#cite_note-402">[392]</a> In August 2016, the MTA announced that it had initiated Operation Track Sweep, an aggressive plan to dramatically reduce the amount of trash on the tracks and in the subway environment. This was expected to reduce track fires and train delays. As part of the plan, the frequency of station track cleaning would be increased, and 94 stations would be cleaned per two-week period, an increase from the previous rate of 34 stations every two weeks.<a href="#cite_note-:17-392">[382]</a> The MTA launched an intensive two-week, system-wide cleaning on September 12, 2016.<a href="#cite_note-403">[393]</a> Several vacuum trains were delivered in 2018 and 2019.<a href="#cite_note-404">[394]</a> The operation planned to also include 27 new refuse cars.<a href="#cite_note-405">[395]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 194px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 192px;"><a href="/wiki/File:NYCS_tagged_IRT_train.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Typical subway car exterior in the late 1970s"><img alt="A subway car covered with graffiti can be seen. The image has faint amounts of yellow throughout." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/NYCS_tagged_IRT_train.jpg/288px-NYCS_tagged_IRT_train.jpg" decoding="async" width="192" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/NYCS_tagged_IRT_train.jpg/433px-NYCS_tagged_IRT_train.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/NYCS_tagged_IRT_train.jpg/576px-NYCS_tagged_IRT_train.jpg 2x" data-file-width="872" data-file-height="681" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Typical subway car exterior in the late 1970s</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 226px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 224px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Rats_in_the_NYC_Subway_2_vc.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Measures against rats"><img alt="Measures against rats" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Rats_in_the_NYC_Subway_2_vc.jpg/336px-Rats_in_the_NYC_Subway_2_vc.jpg" decoding="async" width="224" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Rats_in_the_NYC_Subway_2_vc.jpg/505px-Rats_in_the_NYC_Subway_2_vc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Rats_in_the_NYC_Subway_2_vc.jpg/672px-Rats_in_the_NYC_Subway_2_vc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2794" data-file-height="1871" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Measures against rats</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 114px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 112px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Trash_in_the_NYC_Subway_vc.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Program for removing garbage bins from stations"><img alt="Notice about trash" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Trash_in_the_NYC_Subway_vc.jpg/168px-Trash_in_the_NYC_Subway_vc.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Trash_in_the_NYC_Subway_vc.jpg/252px-Trash_in_the_NYC_Subway_vc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Trash_in_the_NYC_Subway_vc.jpg/336px-Trash_in_the_NYC_Subway_vc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="2592" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Program for removing garbage bins from stations</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noise">Noise</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Noise">edit</a>]</div> Rolling stock on the New York City Subway produces high levels of noise that exceed guidelines set by the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> and the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Environmental_Protection_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Environmental Protection Agency">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ScienceDaily_2016-406">[396]</a> In 2006, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Mailman_School_of_Public_Health" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Mailman School of Public Health">Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health</a> found noise levels averaged 95 <a href="/wiki/Decibel" title="Decibel">decibel (dB)</a> inside subway cars and 94 dB on platforms.<a href="#cite_note-ScienceDaily_2016-406">[396]</a> Daily exposure to noise at such levels for as little as 30 minutes can lead to hearing loss.<a href="#cite_note-ScienceDaily_2016-406">[396]</a> Noise on one in 10 platforms exceeded 100 dB.<a href="#cite_note-ScienceDaily_2016-406">[396]</a> Under WHO and EPA guidelines, noise exposure at that level is limited to 1.5 minutes.<a href="#cite_note-ScienceDaily_2016-406">[396]</a> A subsequent study by Columbia and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington" title="University of Washington">University of Washington</a> found higher average noise levels in the subway (80.4 dB) than on commuter trains including <a href="/wiki/Port_Authority_Trans-Hudson" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Authority Trans-Hudson">Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH)</a> (79.4 dB), <a href="/wiki/Metro-North" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro-North">Metro-North</a> (75.1 dB) and <a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road (LIRR)</a> (74.9 dB).<a href="#cite_note-Internet_Archive_2010-407">[397]</a> Since the decibel scale is a <a href="/wiki/Logarithmic_scale" title="Logarithmic scale">logarithmic scale</a>, sound at 95 dB is 10 times more intense than at 85 dB, 100 times more intense than at 75 dB, and so forth.<a href="#cite_note-Internet_Archive_2010-407">[397]</a> In the second study, peak subway noise registered at 102.1 dB.<a href="#cite_note-Internet_Archive_2010-407">[397]</a> For the construction of the Second Avenue Subway, the MTA, with the engineering firm Arup, worked to reduce the noise levels in stations. In order to reduce noise for all future stations starting with the Second Avenue Subway, the MTA is investing in low-vibration track using ties encased in concrete-covered rubber and neoprene pads. Continuously welded rail, which is also being installed, reduces the noise being made by the wheels of trains. The biggest change that is going to be made is in the design of stations. Current stations were built with tile and stone, which bounce sound everywhere, while newer stations will have the ceilings lined with absorbent fiberglass or mineral wool that will direct sound toward the train and not the platform. With less noise from the trains, platform announcements could be heard more clearly. They will be clearer with speakers spaced periodically on the platform, angled so that announcements can be heard by the riders. The Second Avenue Subway has the first stations to test this technology.<a href="#cite_note-Marshall_2016-408">[398]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_relations_and_cultural_impact">Public relations and cultural impact</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Public relations and cultural impact">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Entertainment">Entertainment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Entertainment">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Music_Under_New_York" title="Music Under New York">Music Under New York</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Subway_musicians_(6337954877).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Subway_musicians_%286337954877%29.jpg/170px-Subway_musicians_%286337954877%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Subway_musicians_%286337954877%29.jpg/255px-Subway_musicians_%286337954877%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Subway_musicians_%286337954877%29.jpg/340px-Subway_musicians_%286337954877%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1063" /></a><figcaption>Musicians perform in the <a href="/wiki/Delancey_Street/Essex_Street_station" title="Delancey Street/Essex Street station">Delancey Street/Essex Street station</a> in 2011.</figcaption></figure> The subway is a popular venue for <a href="/wiki/Street_performance" title="Street performance">busking</a>. A permit is not required to perform, but certain codes of conduct are required.<a href="#cite_note-MTA-performance-409">[399]</a> Some buskers are affiliated with <a href="/wiki/Music_Under_New_York" title="Music Under New York">Music Under New York</a> (MUNY), a part of the <a href="/wiki/MTA_Arts_%26_Design" title="MTA Arts & Design">Arts & Design</a> program by the MTA. Since 1987, MTA has sponsored the MUNY program<a href="#cite_note-410">[400]</a> in which street musicians enter a competitive contest to be assigned to the preferred high traffic locations. Each year, applications are reviewed and approximately 70 eligible performers are selected and contacted to participate in live auditions held for one day.<a href="#cite_note-411">[401]</a><a href="#cite_note-412">[402]</a><a href="#cite_note-413">[403]</a><a href="#cite_note-414">[404]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Miss_Subways">Miss Subways</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Miss Subways">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Miss_Subways" title="Miss Subways">Miss Subways</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NYC_Transit_Museum_Miss_Subways.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An advertisement for Miss Subways at the New York Transit Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/NYC_Transit_Museum_Miss_Subways.jpg/220px-NYC_Transit_Museum_Miss_Subways.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/NYC_Transit_Museum_Miss_Subways.jpg/330px-NYC_Transit_Museum_Miss_Subways.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/NYC_Transit_Museum_Miss_Subways.jpg/440px-NYC_Transit_Museum_Miss_Subways.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>An advertisement for Miss Subways at the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Transit_Museum" title="New York Transit Museum">New York Transit Museum</a></figcaption></figure> From 1941 to 1976, the Board of Transportation/<a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="New York City Transit Authority">New York City Transit Authority</a> sponsored the "Miss Subways" publicity campaign.<a href="#cite_note-415">[405]</a> In the musical <a href="/wiki/On_the_Town_(musical)" title="On the Town (musical)">On the Town</a>, the character Miss Turnstiles is based on the Miss Subways campaign.<a href="#cite_note-416">[406]</a><a href="#cite_note-417">[407]</a> The campaign was resurrected in 2004, for one year, as "Ms. Subways". It was part of the 100th anniversary celebrations. The monthly campaign, which included the winners' photos and biographical blurbs on placards in subway cars, featured such winners as <a href="/wiki/Mona_Freeman" title="Mona Freeman">Mona Freeman</a> and prominent New York City restaurateur <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Goodman" title="Ellen Goodman">Ellen Goodman</a>. The winner of this contest was Caroline Sanchez-Bernat, an actress from <a href="/wiki/Morningside_Heights" title="Morningside Heights">Morningside Heights</a>.<a href="#cite_note-418">[408]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subway_Series">Subway Series</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Subway Series">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Subway_Series" title="Subway Series">Subway Series</a></div> Subway Series is a term applied to any series of baseball games between New York City teams, as opposing teams can travel to compete merely by using the subway system. Subway Series is a term long used in New York, going back to series between the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Dodgers" title="Brooklyn Dodgers">Brooklyn Dodgers</a> or <a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants_(NL)" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Giants (NL)">New York Giants</a> and the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a> in the 1940s and 1950s. Today, the term is used to describe the <a href="/wiki/Mets%E2%80%93Yankees_rivalry" title="Mets–Yankees rivalry">rivalry</a> between the Yankees and the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Mets" title="New York Mets">New York Mets</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/2000_World_Series" title="2000 World Series">2000 World Series</a>, cars on the <a href="/wiki/4_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="4 (New York City Subway service)">4 train</a> (which stopped at <a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium_(1923)" title="Yankee Stadium (1923)">Yankee Stadium</a>) were painted with Yankee colors, while cars on the <a href="/wiki/7_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="7 (New York City Subway service)">7 train</a> (which stopped at <a href="/wiki/Shea_Stadium" title="Shea Stadium">Shea Stadium</a>) had Mets colors.<a href="#cite_note-419">[409]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Holiday_Nostalgia_Train">Holiday Nostalgia Train</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Holiday Nostalgia Train">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nostalgia_train_2nd_Av_a_jeh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Holiday Nostalgia Train at Second Avenue station in December 2016" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nostalgia_train_2nd_Av_a_jeh.jpg/220px-Nostalgia_train_2nd_Av_a_jeh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nostalgia_train_2nd_Av_a_jeh.jpg/330px-Nostalgia_train_2nd_Av_a_jeh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nostalgia_train_2nd_Av_a_jeh.jpg/440px-Nostalgia_train_2nd_Av_a_jeh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3701" data-file-height="2792" /></a><figcaption>Holiday Nostalgia Train at <a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_(IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Avenue (IND Sixth Avenue Line)">Second Avenue</a> station in 2016</figcaption></figure> Since 2003, the MTA has operated a Holiday Nostalgia Train on Sundays in November and December, from the first Sunday after Thanksgiving to the Sunday before Christmas Day,<a href="#cite_note-420">[410]</a> except in 2011 and 2023, when the train operated on Saturdays instead of Sundays.<a href="#cite_note-421">[411]</a> This train is made of vintage cars from the <a href="/wiki/R1%E2%80%939_fleet" title="R1–9 fleet">R1–9 fleet</a>, which have been preserved by Railway Preservation Corp. and the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Transit_Museum" title="New York Transit Museum">New York Transit Museum</a>. Until 2017, the train made all stops between <a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_station" title="Second Avenue station">Second Avenue</a> in Manhattan and <a href="/wiki/Queens_Plaza_station" title="Queens Plaza station">Queens Plaza</a> in Queens via the <a href="/wiki/IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line" title="IND Sixth Avenue Line">IND Sixth Avenue Line</a> and the <a href="/wiki/IND_Queens_Boulevard_Line" title="IND Queens Boulevard Line">IND Queens Boulevard Line</a>. In 2017, the train ran between <a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_(IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Avenue (IND Sixth Avenue Line)">Second Avenue</a> and <a href="/wiki/96th_Street_(Second_Avenue_Subway)" class="mw-redirect" title="96th Street (Second Avenue Subway)">96th Street</a> via the newly opened <a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Second Avenue Subway">Second Avenue Subway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-422">[412]</a> Since 2018, the northern terminal is now located at <a href="/wiki/145th_Street_station_(IND_lines)" title="145th Street station (IND lines)">145th Street</a>. The contract, car numbers (and year built) used generally comprises <a href="/wiki/R1_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R1 (New York City Subway car)">R1</a> 100 (built 1930), <a href="/wiki/R1_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R1 (New York City Subway car)">R1</a> 103 (1930), <a href="/wiki/R1_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R1 (New York City Subway car)">R1</a> 381 (1931), <a href="/wiki/R4_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R4 (New York City Subway car)">R4</a> 401 (1932), <a href="/wiki/R4_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R4 (New York City Subway car)">R4</a> 484 (1932) – Bulls Eye lighting and a test P.A. system added in 1946, <a href="/wiki/R6_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R6 (New York City Subway car)">R6</a>-3 1000 (1935), <a href="/wiki/R6_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R6 (New York City Subway car)">R6</a>-1 1300 (1937), <a href="/wiki/R7A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" class="mw-redirect" title="R7A (New York City Subway car)">R7A</a> 1575 (1938) – rebuilt in 1947 as a prototype for the <a href="/wiki/R10_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R10 (New York City Subway car)">R10</a> subway car, and <a href="/wiki/R9_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R9 (New York City Subway car)">R9</a> 1802 (1940).<a href="#cite_note-423">[413]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Full_train_wraps">Full train wraps</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Full train wraps">edit</a>]</div> Since 2008, the MTA has tested full train wraps on <a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_Shuttle" title="42nd Street Shuttle">42nd Street Shuttle</a> rolling stock. In full train wraps, advertising entirely covers the interiors and exteriors of the train, as opposed to other routes, whose stock generally only displays advertising on placards inside the train.<a href="#cite_note-424">[414]</a><a href="#cite_note-425">[415]</a> While most advertisements are well received, a few advertisements have been controversial. Among the more contentious wraps that were withdrawn are a 2015 ad for the TV show <a href="/wiki/The_Man_in_the_High_Castle_(TV_series)" title="The Man in the High Castle (TV series)">The Man in the High Castle</a>, which featured a <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Germany#Nazi_Germany" title="Flag of Germany">Nazi flag</a>,<a href="#cite_note-426">[416]</a><a href="#cite_note-427">[417]</a> and an ad for <a href="/wiki/Fox_Sports_1" title="Fox Sports 1">Fox Sports 1</a>, in which a shuttle train and half of its seats were plastered with negative quotes about the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Knicks" title="New York Knicks">New York Knicks</a>, one of the city's <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">NBA</a> teams.<a href="#cite_note-428">[418]</a><a href="#cite_note-429">[419]</a> Other routes have seen limited implementation of full train wraps. For instance, in 2010, one <a href="/wiki/R142A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R142A (New York City Subway car)">R142A</a> train set on the <a href="/wiki/6_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="6 (New York City Subway service)">6</a> route was wrapped with a <a href="/wiki/Target_Corporation" title="Target Corporation">Target</a> advertisement.<a href="#cite_note-430">[420]</a> In 2014, the <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_F-Type" title="Jaguar F-Type">Jaguar F-Type</a> was advertised on train sets running on the <a href="/wiki/F_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="F (New York City Subway service)">F</a> route.<a href="#cite_note-431">[421]</a><a href="#cite_note-432">[422]</a> Some of these wraps have also been controversial, such as a <a href="/wiki/Lane_Bryant" title="Lane Bryant">Lane Bryant</a> wrap in 2015 that displayed lingerie models on the exteriors of train cars.<a href="#cite_note-433">[423]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBT_Pride-themed_trains_and_MetroCards">LGBT Pride-themed trains and MetroCards</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: LGBT Pride-themed trains and MetroCards">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MTA_Pride_Month_MetroCard_for_NYC_Subway.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/MTA_Pride_Month_MetroCard_for_NYC_Subway.jpg/170px-MTA_Pride_Month_MetroCard_for_NYC_Subway.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/MTA_Pride_Month_MetroCard_for_NYC_Subway.jpg/255px-MTA_Pride_Month_MetroCard_for_NYC_Subway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/MTA_Pride_Month_MetroCard_for_NYC_Subway.jpg/340px-MTA_Pride_Month_MetroCard_for_NYC_Subway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>MetroCard for Pride Month in June 2019</figcaption></figure> The New York City Subway system commemorates <a href="/wiki/LGBT_Pride" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT Pride">Pride Month</a> in June with Pride-themed posters.<a href="#cite_note-434">[424]</a> The MTA celebrated <a href="/wiki/Stonewall_50_-_WorldPride_NYC_2019" class="mw-redirect" title="Stonewall 50 - WorldPride NYC 2019">Stonewall 50 - WorldPride NYC 2019</a> in June 2019 with rainbow-themed Pride logos on the subway trains as well as Pride-themed MetroCards.<a href="#cite_note-435">[425]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guerrilla_art">Guerrilla art</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Guerrilla art">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Graffiti_in_New_York_City" title="Graffiti in New York City">Graffiti in New York City</a></div> The New York City Subway system has been a target for unauthorized or <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_art" title="Guerrilla art">"guerrilla"</a> art since the 1970s, beginning with graffiti and tagging. Originally thought of as vandalism, the art form eventually emerged as an authoritative typology in the 1980s, especially with the release of the 1983 documentary <a href="/wiki/Style_Wars" title="Style Wars">Style Wars</a>. Prominent pop-artist <a href="/wiki/Keith_Haring" title="Keith Haring">Keith Haring</a> got his start tagging blank billboards on subway platforms with chalk art.<a href="#cite_note-436">[426]</a> In 2019–2020, the <a href="/wiki/Bronx_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronx Museum">Bronx Museum</a> mounted an exhibition of graffiti-tagged subway cars.<a href="#cite_note-437">[427]</a> More contemporary installations have taken place as well. In 2014, artist London Kaye <a href="/wiki/Yarnbombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Yarnbombing">yarn-bombed</a> the L train, wrapping metal hand poles in knit fabric.<a href="#cite_note-438">[428]</a> In 2019, artist Ian Callender used projectors to show accurate views of the cityscape above moving 6 trains on the ceilings of entire cars.<a href="#cite_note-439">[429]</a> In 2021, illustrator Devon Rodriguez went viral for his drawings of fellow commuters.<a href="#cite_note-440">[430]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="No_Pants_Ride">No Pants Ride</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: No Pants Ride">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/No_Pants_Subway_Ride" title="No Pants Subway Ride">No Pants Subway Ride</a></div> In 2002, the New York City Subway began hosting an event called the <a href="/wiki/No_Pants_Subway_Ride" title="No Pants Subway Ride">No Pants Subway Ride</a>, where people ride the subway without their pants. The event is typically held each January but has not been held since 2020 due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New York City">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-441">[431]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 23em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_rapid_transit_systems_by_ridership" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States rapid transit systems by ridership">List of United States rapid transit systems by ridership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_in_popular_culture" title="New York City Subway in popular culture">New York City Subway in popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_tiles" title="New York City Subway tiles">New York City Subway tiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subway_Challenge" title="Subway Challenge">Subway Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Transportation in New York City">Transportation in New York City</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> These are the physical tracks that a train "service" runs on. See <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_nomenclature" title="New York City Subway nomenclature">New York City Subway nomenclature</a> for more information. </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> These "services" run on physical tracks. See <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_nomenclature" title="New York City Subway nomenclature">New York City Subway nomenclature</a> for more information. </li> <li id="cite_note-planned_stations-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-planned_stations_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-planned_stations_7-1">b</a> There are 13 stations on the <a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Second Avenue Subway">IND Second Avenue Line</a> and 1 station on the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Flushing_Line" title="IRT Flushing Line">IRT Flushing Line</a> planned. <ul><li>The Second Avenue Line has 3 active stations<a href="#cite_note-4">[2]</a> and 13 planned stations.<a href="#cite_note-5">[3]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Tenth_Avenue_(IRT_Flushing_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenth Avenue (IRT Flushing Line)">Tenth Avenue</a> station will be constructed as an in-fill station once funding for it is secured.<a href="#cite_note-6">[4]</a></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-stationnote-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stationnote_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-stationnote_9-1">b</a> <ul><li>Permanently closed stations are not counted.<a href="#cite_note-stationinfo-8">[5]</a></li> <li>Both the <a href="/wiki/Chambers_Street%E2%80%93World_Trade_Center_(IND_Eighth_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chambers Street–World Trade Center (IND Eighth Avenue Line)">Chambers Street–World Trade Center (IND Eighth Avenue Line)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(BMT_Broadway_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canal Street (BMT Broadway Line)">Canal Street (BMT Broadway Line)</a> stations are considered two stations each by the MTA.<a href="#cite_note-stationinfo-8">[5]</a> If both of them are counted as one station each, the number of stations in the New York City Subway is 470 stations (or 423 by international standards).</li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-ridershipnote-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ridershipnote_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ridershipnote_11-1">b</a> This figure represents unlinked ridership, meaning one ride is counted each time a passenger boards a vehicle. The MTA reports a 2023 ridership of 1,151,998,158 based on linked ridership, meaning each complete journey from beginning to end is counted as one ride, regardless of the number of different vehicles used.<a href="#cite_note-25">[19]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> The <a href="/wiki/Interborough_Rapid_Transit_Company" title="Interborough Rapid Transit Company">IRT</a> <a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_the_IRT_subway" title="Early history of the IRT subway">main line</a>, which is considered to be the first New York City "subway" line, opened in 1904; the <a href="/wiki/IRT_Ninth_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Ninth Avenue Line">Ninth Avenue Line</a>, a predecessor elevated railroad line, operated its first trial run on July 3, 1868, according to Facts and Figures 1979–80, published by the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="New York City Transit Authority">New York City Transit Authority</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/irt/9thave/">See also nycsubway.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081007173746/http://www.nycsubway.org/irt/9thave/">Archived</a> October 7, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/West_End_Line_(Brooklyn_surface)" title="West End Line (Brooklyn surface)">West End Line</a>, which opened in 1863. A small portion of the latter line's original right-of-way, part of an extension opened in 1864, is still in daily use near <a href="/wiki/Coney_Island" title="Coney Island">Coney Island</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thethirdrail.net/9909/westend1.htm">thethirdrail.net</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060523225752/http://thethirdrail.net/9909/westend1.htm">Archived</a> May 23, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> There is one station (<a href="/wiki/10th_Avenue_(IRT_Flushing_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="10th Avenue (IRT Flushing Line)">10th Avenue</a>) planned as a future infill station. See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100218115623/http://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20100216/FREE/100219925">Outcry emerges for 41st St. stop on new 7-line</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> See also <a href="#Modernization">FASTRACK</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> The <a href="/wiki/Times_Square_(IRT_42nd_Street_Shuttle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Times Square (IRT 42nd Street Shuttle)">Times Square</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_(IRT_42nd_Street_Shuttle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Central (IRT 42nd Street Shuttle)">Grand Central</a> stations of the <a href="/wiki/IRT_42nd_Street_Shuttle" class="mw-redirect" title="IRT 42nd Street Shuttle">IRT 42nd Street Shuttle</a> are closed during late nights. </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> See: <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKorman2017" class="citation web cs1">Korman, Joe (December 4, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejoekorner.com/carassignments/irt-2017-12-04.html">"IRT Car Assignments"</a>. JoeKorNer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IRT+Car+Assignments&rft.pub=JoeKorNer&rft.date=2017-12-04&rft.aulast=Korman&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejoekorner.com%2Fcarassignments%2Firt-2017-12-04.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKorman2018" class="citation web cs1">Korman, Joe (January 12, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejoekorner.com/carassignments/bmt-ind-2018-01-12.htm">"BMT-IND Car Assignments"</a>. JoeKorNer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BMT-IND+Car+Assignments&rft.pub=JoeKorNer&rft.date=2018-01-12&rft.aulast=Korman&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejoekorner.com%2Fcarassignments%2Fbmt-ind-2018-01-12.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ridership2014-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ridership2014_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ridership2014_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ridership2014_3-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/facts/ridership/">"Introduction to Subway Ridership"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140912073839/http://web.mta.info/nyct/facts/ridership/">Archived</a> from the original on September 12, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Subway+Ridership&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Ffacts%2Fridership%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/capital/sas_docs/final_summary_report.pdf">"web.mta.info/capital/sas_docs/final_summary_report.pdf"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161107143807/http://web.mta.info/capital/sas_docs/final_summary_report.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on November 7, 2016. Retrieved April 17, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=web.mta.info%2Fcapital%2Fsas_docs%2Ffinal_summary_report.pdf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fcapital%2Fsas_docs%2Ffinal_summary_report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-releases-avenue-subway-images-article-1.1506866">"MTA releases Second Avenue subway images"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_Daily_News" title="New York Daily News">New York Daily News</a>. November 5, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211124072633/https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-releases-avenue-subway-images-article-1.1506866">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=MTA+releases+Second+Avenue+subway+images&rft.date=2013-11-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fmta-releases-avenue-subway-images-article-1.1506866&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100218115623/http://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20100216/FREE/100219925">"Outcry emerges for 41st St. stop on new 7-line"</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-stationinfo-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stationinfo_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-stationinfo_8-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/developers/data/nyct/subway/Stations.csv">"Station Developers' Information"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. Retrieved June 13, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Station+Developers%27+Information&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fdevelopers%2Fdata%2Fnyct%2Fsubway%2FStations.csv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-APTA_Ridership_Report-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-APTA_Ridership_Report_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-APTA_Ridership_Report_10-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apta.com/wp-content/uploads/2023-Q4-Ridership-APTA-Update-1.pdf">"Transit Ridership Report Fourth Quarter 2023"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/American_Public_Transportation_Association" title="American Public Transportation Association">American Public Transportation Association</a>. March 4, 2024. Retrieved September 5, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Transit+Ridership+Report+Fourth+Quarter+2023&rft.pub=American+Public+Transportation+Association&rft.date=2024-03-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apta.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023-Q4-Ridership-APTA-Update-1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Fifty_Years_of_Rapid_Transit_(1918)">"Fifty Years of Rapid Transit (1918)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230205221447/https://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Fifty_Years_of_Rapid_Transit_(1918)">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved January 5, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fifty+Years+of+Rapid+Transit+%281918%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FFifty_Years_of_Rapid_Transit_%281918%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20252029capitalplan-14"><a href="#cite_ref-20252029capitalplan_14-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/document/151266">"2025–2029 CAPITAL PLAN: The Future Rides With Us"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. Retrieved September 18, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2025%E2%80%932029+CAPITAL+PLAN%3A+The+Future+Rides+With+Us&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fdocument%2F151266&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ALine-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ALine_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ALine_15-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/document/9466">"MTA A Subway Timetable"</a>. MTA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211212160825/https://new.mta.info/document/9466">Archived</a> from the original on December 12, 2021. Retrieved June 26, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MTA+A+Subway+Timetable&rft.pub=MTA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fdocument%2F9466&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mtabudget-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mtabudget_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mtabudget_16-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mtabudget_16-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mtabudget_16-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/mta/investor/pdf/2019/2018_CAFR_Final.pdf">"Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for the Years Ended December 31, 2018 and 2017"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA)</a>. June 26, 2019. p. 156. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211023192757/http://web.mta.info/mta/investor/pdf/2019/2018_CAFR_Final.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on October 23, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Comprehensive+Annual+Financial+Report+for+the+Years+Ended+December+31%2C+2018+and+2017&rft.pages=156&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority+%28MTA%29&rft.date=2019-06-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmta%2Finvestor%2Fpdf%2F2019%2F2018_CAFR_Final.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYCSubway.org-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYCSubway.org_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYCSubway.org_17-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYCSubway.org_17-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYCSubway.org_17-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYCSubway.org_17-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/faq/factsfigures.html">"Facts & Figures – Subways"</a>. www.nycsubway.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120618055926/http://www.nycsubway.org/faq/factsfigures.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 18, 2012. Retrieved March 9, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nycsubway.org&rft.atitle=Facts+%26+Figures+%E2%80%93+Subways&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Ffaq%2Ffactsfigures.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Engineering_and_Technology_History-18"><a href="#cite_ref-Engineering_and_Technology_History_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ethw.org/The_Railway_Power_Stations_of_New_York_City">"The Railway Power Stations of New York City"</a>. Engineering and Technology History. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220311191018/https://ethw.org/The_Railway_Power_Stations_of_New_York_City">Archived</a> from the original on March 11, 2022. Retrieved September 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Engineering+and+Technology+History&rft.atitle=The+Railway+Power+Stations+of+New+York+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fethw.org%2FThe_Railway_Power_Stations_of_New_York_City&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ggw5183-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ggw5183_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ggw5183_19-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://greatergreaterwashington.org/post/5183/average-schedule-speed-how-does-metro-compare/">"Average schedule speed: How does Metro compare?"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151208111021/http://greatergreaterwashington.org/post/5183/average-schedule-speed-how-does-metro-compare/">Archived</a> from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved July 16, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Average+schedule+speed%3A+How+does+Metro+compare%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgreatergreaterwashington.org%2Fpost%2F5183%2Faverage-schedule-speed-how-does-metro-compare%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hood,_Clifton_2004-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hood,_Clifton_2004_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hood,_Clifton_2004_20-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHood2004" class="citation book cs1">Hood, Clifton (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0YfdjUgMAscC">722 Miles: The Building of the Subways and How They Transformed New York</a>. Johns Hopkins University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0801880544" title="Special:BookSources/978-0801880544"><bdi>978-0801880544</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=722+Miles%3A+The+Building+of+the+Subways+and+How+They+Transformed+New+York&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0801880544&rft.aulast=Hood&rft.aufirst=Clifton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0YfdjUgMAscC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/mta/compliance/pdf/Description%20and%20Board%20Structure.pdf">"Metropolitan Transportation Authority Description and Board Structure Covering Fiscal Year 2009"</a> (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151207202730/http://web.mta.info/mta/compliance/pdf/Description%20and%20Board%20Structure.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on December 7, 2015. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority+Description+and+Board+Structure+Covering+Fiscal+Year+2009&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmta%2Fcompliance%2Fpdf%2FDescription%2520and%2520Board%2520Structure.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150906151458/http://www.citymetric.com/transport/what-largest-metro-system-world-1361">"What is the largest metro system in the world?"</a>. CityMetric. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citymetric.com/transport/what-largest-metro-system-world-1361">the original</a> on September 6, 2015. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CityMetric&rft.atitle=What+is+the+largest+metro+system+in+the+world%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.citymetric.com%2Ftransport%2Fwhat-largest-metro-system-world-1361&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MTA-HowtoRideSubway-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-HowtoRideSubway_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-HowtoRideSubway_23-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-HowtoRideSubway_23-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-HowtoRideSubway_23-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-HowtoRideSubway_23-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-HowtoRideSubway_23-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-HowtoRideSubway_23-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-HowtoRideSubway_23-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-HowtoRideSubway_23-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-HowtoRideSubway_23-9">j</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/guides/riding-the-subway">"How to Ride the Subway"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220705162451/https://new.mta.info/guides/riding-the-subway">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2022. Retrieved May 12, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+Ride+the+Subway&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fguides%2Friding-the-subway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/facts/ffsubway.htm">"Subways"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA)</a>. April 2, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130622005105/http://web.mta.info/nyct/facts/ffsubway.htm">Archived</a> from the original on June 22, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Subways&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority+%28MTA%29&rft.date=2013-04-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Ffacts%2Fffsubway.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/agency/new-york-city-transit/subway-bus-ridership-2023">"Subway and bus ridership for 2022"</a>. mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230803032948/https://new.mta.info/agency/new-york-city-transit/subway-bus-ridership-2022">Archived</a> from the original on August 3, 2023. Retrieved August 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=Subway+and+bus+ridership+for+2022&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fagency%2Fnew-york-city-transit%2Fsubway-bus-ridership-2023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ny.curbed.com/2015/12/11/10621694/nyc-subway-broke-its-single-day-ridership-record-in-october.html">"NYC Subway Broke Its Single-Day Ridership Record In October"</a>. ny.curbed.com. December 11, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240225181756/https://ny.curbed.com/2015/12/11/10621694/nyc-subway-broke-its-single-day-ridership-record-in-october">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2024. Retrieved October 30, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ny.curbed.com&rft.atitle=NYC+Subway+Broke+Its+Single-Day+Ridership+Record+In+October&rft.date=2015-12-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fny.curbed.com%2F2015%2F12%2F11%2F10621694%2Fnyc-subway-broke-its-single-day-ridership-record-in-october.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldstein2013" class="citation book cs1">Goldstein, Jack (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vR62BAAAQBAJ">101 Amazing Facts About New York</a>. Andrews UK Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1783333059" title="Special:BookSources/978-1783333059"><bdi>978-1783333059</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=101+Amazing+Facts+About+New+York&rft.pub=Andrews+UK+Limited&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1783333059&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvR62BAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivoli2018" class="citation web cs1">Rivoli, Dan (February 13, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181103091946/http://interactive.nydailynews.com/project/mta-spending/">"MTA Budget: Where does the money go?"</a>. NY Daily News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://interactive.nydailynews.com/project/mta-spending/">the original</a> on November 3, 2018. Retrieved November 3, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NY+Daily+News&rft.atitle=MTA+Budget%3A+Where+does+the+money+go%3F&rft.date=2018-02-13&rft.aulast=Rivoli&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finteractive.nydailynews.com%2Fproject%2Fmta-spending%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brennan-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brennan_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brennan_29-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrennan,_Joseph2005" class="citation web cs1">Brennan, Joseph (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071006030205/http://www.columbia.edu/~brennan/beach/chapter25.html">""They found the tube in excellent condition""</a>. Beach Pneumatic. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.columbia.edu/~brennan/beach/chapter25.html">the original</a> on October 6, 2007. Retrieved January 17, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Beach+Pneumatic&rft.atitle=%22They+found+the+tube+in+excellent+condition%22&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Brennan%2C+Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.columbia.edu%2F~brennan%2Fbeach%2Fchapter25.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140306174249/http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/beach.html">"Inventor of the Week: Archive – Alfred Beach (1826–1896)"</a>. Lemelson-MIT Program. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/beach.html">the original</a> on March 6, 2014. Retrieved March 18, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lemelson-MIT+Program&rft.atitle=Inventor+of+the+Week%3A+Archive+%E2%80%93+Alfred+Beach+%281826%E2%80%931896%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mit.edu%2Finvent%2Fiow%2Fbeach.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080505031528/http://www.nycsubway.org/articles/beach-1870-03-05.html">""The Pneumatic Tunnel Under Broadway" (1870)"</a>. nycsubway.org. Scientific American. March 5, 1870. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/articles/beach-1870-03-05.html">the original</a> on May 5, 2008. Retrieved July 7, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22The+Pneumatic+Tunnel+Under+Broadway%22+%281870%29&rft.pub=nycsubway.org&rft.date=1870-03-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Farticles%2Fbeach-1870-03-05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> nycsubway.org – "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Beach_Pneumatic_Transit">Beach Pneumatic Transit</a>". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210424114041/http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Beach_Pneumatic_Transit">Archived</a> April 24, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlankinger2016" class="citation news cs1">Blankinger, Kari (March 1, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/manhattan/nyc-subway-luxurious-built-illegally-article-1.2547997">"NYC's first subway was luxurious, pneumatic and built illegally"</a>. New York Daily News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211124040316/https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/manhattan/nyc-subway-luxurious-built-illegally-article-1.2547997">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=NYC%27s+first+subway+was+luxurious%2C+pneumatic+and+built+illegally&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.aulast=Blankinger&rft.aufirst=Kari&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fmanhattan%2Fnyc-subway-luxurious-built-illegally-article-1.2547997&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt1996-34"><a href="#cite_ref-nyt1996_34-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin1996" class="citation news cs1">Martin, Douglas (November 17, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1996/11/17/nyregion/subway-planners-lofty-ambitions-are-buried-as-dead-end-curiosities.html?pagewanted=all">"Subway Planners' Lofty Ambitions Are Buried as Dead-End Curiosities"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170807023931/http://www.nytimes.com/1996/11/17/nyregion/subway-planners-lofty-ambitions-are-buried-as-dead-end-curiosities.html?pagewanted=all">Archived</a> from the original on August 7, 2017. Retrieved June 27, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Subway+Planners%27+Lofty+Ambitions+Are+Buried+as+Dead-End+Curiosities&rft.date=1996-11-17&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1996%2F11%2F17%2Fnyregion%2Fsubway-planners-lofty-ambitions-are-buried-as-dead-end-curiosities.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt_201308-35"><a href="#cite_ref-nyt_201308_35-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantora2013" class="citation news cs1">Santora, Marc (August 14, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/15/nyregion/when-the-new-york-city-subway-ran-without-rails.html?_r=0">"When the New York City Subway Ran Without Rails"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220626203739/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/15/nyregion/when-the-new-york-city-subway-ran-without-rails.html?_r=0">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2022. Retrieved February 11, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=When+the+New+York+City+Subway+Ran+Without+Rails&rft.date=2013-08-14&rft.aulast=Santora&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F08%2F15%2Fnyregion%2Fwhen-the-new-york-city-subway-ran-without-rails.html%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristiano" class="citation web cs1">Christiano, G. J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/The_Blizzard_of_1888%3B_the_Impact_of_this_Devastating_Storm_on_New_York_Transit">"The Blizzard of 1888; the Impact of this Devastating Storm on New York Transit"</a>. nycsubway.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220504003347/https://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/The_Blizzard_of_1888;_the_Impact_of_this_Devastating_Storm_on_New_York_Transit">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2022. Retrieved February 9, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nycsubway.org&rft.atitle=The+Blizzard+of+1888%3B+the+Impact+of+this+Devastating+Storm+on+New+York+Transit&rft.aulast=Christiano&rft.aufirst=G.+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FThe_Blizzard_of_1888%253B_the_Impact_of_this_Devastating_Storm_on_New_York_Transit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_37-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/technology/nyunderground/abprogram.html">"American Experience. Technology . New York Underground. About the Program"</a>. PBS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160829200131/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/technology/nyunderground/abprogram.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 29, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PBS&rft.atitle=American+Experience.+Technology+.+New+York+Underground.+About+the+Program&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Famex%2Ftechnology%2Fnyunderground%2Fabprogram.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gates-38"><a href="#cite_ref-Gates_38-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/50426818/?terms=Done+at+Last">"Done at Last"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Daily_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Daily Eagle">Brooklyn Daily Eagle</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn, NY</a>. May 13, 1885. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brooklyn+Daily+Eagle&rft.atitle=Done+at+Last&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1885-05-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbklyn.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F50426818%2F%3Fterms%3DDone%2Bat%2BLast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-39"><a href="#cite_ref-auto2_39-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/50405675/?terms=Halsey+Street+Station+Opened">"Halsey Street Station Opened"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Daily_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Daily Eagle">Brooklyn Daily Eagle</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn, NY</a>. August 19, 1885. p. 4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brooklyn+Daily+Eagle&rft.atitle=Halsey+Street+Station+Opened&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1885-08-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbklyn.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F50405675%2F%3Fterms%3DHalsey%2BStreet%2BStation%2BOpened&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chauncey-40"><a href="#cite_ref-Chauncey_40-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/50405355/?terms=A+New+Station+Opened">"A New Station Opened"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Daily_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Daily Eagle">Brooklyn Daily Eagle</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn, NY</a>. July 18, 1885. p. 4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brooklyn+Daily+Eagle&rft.atitle=A+New+Station+Opened&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1885-07-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbklyn.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F50405355%2F%3Fterms%3DA%2BNew%2BStation%2BOpened&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MBC-41"><a href="#cite_ref-MBC_41-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/50427251/?terms=East+New+York">"East New York"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Daily_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Daily Eagle">Brooklyn Daily Eagle</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn, NY</a>. June 13, 1885. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brooklyn+Daily+Eagle&rft.atitle=East+New+York&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1885-06-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbklyn.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F50427251%2F%3Fterms%3DEast%2BNew%2BYork&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alabama-42"><a href="#cite_ref-Alabama_42-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/50405953/?terms=Still+Extending+Its+Lines">"Still Extending Its Lines"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Daily_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Daily Eagle">Brooklyn Daily Eagle</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn, NY</a>. September 5, 1885. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brooklyn+Daily+Eagle&rft.atitle=Still+Extending+Its+Lines&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1885-09-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbklyn.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F50405953%2F%3Fterms%3DStill%2BExtending%2BIts%2BLines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYCSorg-BMTJamaica-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYCSorg-BMTJamaica_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYCSorg-BMTJamaica_43-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/BMT_Nassau_Street-Jamaica_Line">"www.nycsubway.org: BMT Nassau Street-Jamaica Line"</a>. www.nycsubway.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220925061649/https://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/BMT_Nassau_Street-Jamaica_Line">Archived</a> from the original on September 25, 2022. Retrieved February 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nycsubway.org&rft.atitle=www.nycsubway.org%3A+BMT+Nassau+Street-Jamaica+Line&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FBMT_Nassau_Street-Jamaica_Line&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/50420352/?terms=Opening+of+a+New+Railroad">"Opening of a New Railroad"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Daily_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Daily Eagle">Brooklyn Daily Eagle</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn, NY</a>. October 5, 1863. p. 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brooklyn+Daily+Eagle&rft.atitle=Opening+of+a+New+Railroad&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1863-10-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbklyn.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F50420352%2F%3Fterms%3DOpening%2Bof%2Ba%2BNew%2BRailroad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/50421043/?terms=Railroads">"Railroads"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Daily_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Daily Eagle">Brooklyn Daily Eagle</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn, NY</a>. October 9, 1863. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brooklyn+Daily+Eagle&rft.atitle=Railroads&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1863-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbklyn.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F50421043%2F%3Fterms%3DRailroads&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160229231836/http://www.thethirdrail.net/9909/westend1.htm">"The Third Rail – Gunther and his Railroad – page 1"</a>. www.thethirdrail.net. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thethirdrail.net/9909/westend1.htm">the original</a> on February 29, 2016. Retrieved February 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thethirdrail.net&rft.atitle=The+Third+Rail+%E2%80%93+Gunther+and+his+Railroad+%E2%80%93+page+1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thethirdrail.net%2F9909%2Fwestend1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_47-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_47-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker1918" class="citation book cs1">Walker, James Blaine (1918). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lpEgAAAAMAAJ">Fifty Years of Rapid Transit, 1864–1917</a>. Law Print. Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fifty+Years+of+Rapid+Transit%2C+1864%E2%80%931917&rft.pub=Law+Print.+Company&rft.date=1918&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=James+Blaine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlpEgAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nycsubway-48"><a href="#cite_ref-nycsubway_48-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/The_9th_Avenue_Elevated-Polo_Grounds_Shuttle">"The 9th Avenue Elevated-Polo Grounds Shuttle"</a>. nycsubway.org. 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130926070102/http://nycsubway.org/wiki/The_9th_Avenue_Elevated-Polo_Grounds_Shuttle">Archived</a> from the original on September 26, 2013. Retrieved July 3, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+9th+Avenue+Elevated-Polo+Grounds+Shuttle&rft.pub=nycsubway.org&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FThe_9th_Avenue_Elevated-Polo_Grounds_Shuttle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1904/10/28/archives/exercises-in-city-hall-mayor-declares-subway-open-ovations-for.html">"EXERCISES IN CITY HALL.; Mayor Declares Subway Open – Ovations for Parsons and McDonald"</a>. The New York Times. October 28, 1904. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220504023722/https://www.nytimes.com/1904/10/28/archives/exercises-in-city-hall-mayor-declares-subway-open-ovations-for.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2022. Retrieved December 16, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=EXERCISES+IN+CITY+HALL.%3B+Mayor+Declares+Subway+Open+%E2%80%93+Ovations+for+Parsons+and+McDonald.&rft.date=1904-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1904%2F10%2F28%2Farchives%2Fexercises-in-city-hall-mayor-declares-subway-open-ovations-for.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1904/10/28/118948832.pdf">"Our Subway Open, 150,000 Try It – Mayor McClellan Runs the First Official Train"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. October 28, 1904. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180918074759/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1904/10/28/118948832.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on September 18, 2018. Retrieved February 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Our+Subway+Open%2C+150%2C000+Try+It+%E2%80%93+Mayor+McClellan+Runs+the+First+Official+Train&rft.date=1904-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1904%2F10%2F28%2F118948832.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-inflation-US-51">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_51-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_51-1">b</a> 1634–1699: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44525121.pdf">How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States%3A+Addenda+et+Corrigenda&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44525121.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> 1700–1799: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44517778.pdf">How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44517778.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> 1800–present: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Reserve_Bank_of_Minneapolis" class="citation web cs1">Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minneapolisfed.org/about-us/monetary-policy/inflation-calculator/consumer-price-index-1800-">"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"</a>. Retrieved February 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consumer+Price+Index+%28estimate%29+1800%E2%80%93&rft.au=Federal+Reserve+Bank+of+Minneapolis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.minneapolisfed.org%2Fabout-us%2Fmonetary-policy%2Finflation-calculator%2Fconsumer-price-index-1800-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://secondavenuesagas.com/2007/11/21/specter-of-the-5%c2%a2-fare-haunts-the-current-fare-hike-debate/">"Specter of the 5¢ fare haunts the current fare hike debate"</a>. Second Ave. Sagas. November 21, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211124103809/https://secondavenuesagas.com/2007/11/21/specter-of-the-5%c2%a2-fare-haunts-the-current-fare-hike-debate/">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved February 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Second+Ave.+Sagas&rft.atitle=Specter+of+the+5%C2%A2+fare+haunts+the+current+fare+hike+debate&rft.date=2007-11-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsecondavenuesagas.com%2F2007%2F11%2F21%2Fspecter-of-the-5%25c2%25a2-fare-haunts-the-current-fare-hike-debate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/New_Subways_for_New_York:_The_Dual_System_of_Rapid_Transit_(1913)">"www.nycsubway.org: New Subways for New York: The Dual System of Rapid Transit (1913)"</a>. www.nycsubway.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120824125607/http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/New_Subways_for_New_York:_The_Dual_System_of_Rapid_Transit_(1913)">Archived</a> from the original on August 24, 2012. Retrieved February 26, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nycsubway.org&rft.atitle=www.nycsubway.org%3A+New+Subways+for+New+York%3A+The+Dual+System+of+Rapid+Transit+%281913%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FNew_Subways_for_New_York%3A_The_Dual_System_of_Rapid_Transit_%281913%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-chambers-54"><a href="#cite_ref-chambers_54-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0D13F7395513738DDDA90994D1405B828FF1D3">"Gay Midnight Crowd Rides First Trains in New Subway"</a>. The New York Times. September 10, 1932. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120912162150/http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0D13F7395513738DDDA90994D1405B828FF1D3">Archived</a> from the original on September 12, 2012. Retrieved February 11, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Gay+Midnight+Crowd+Rides+First+Trains+in+New+Subway&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1932-09-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fselect.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3DFA0D13F7395513738DDDA90994D1405B828FF1D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-55">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_55-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_55-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeinman2000" class="citation web cs1">Feinman, Mark S. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/History_of_the_Independent_Subway">"History of the Independent Subway"</a>. nycsubway.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225092101/http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/History_of_the_Independent_Subway">Archived</a> from the original on December 25, 2017. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nycsubway.org&rft.atitle=History+of+the+Independent+Subway&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Feinman&rft.aufirst=Mark+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FHistory_of_the_Independent_Subway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCudahy1995" class="citation book cs1">Cudahy, Brian J. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LYSVd43vZwQC&q=unification+1940+subway">Under the Sidewalks of New York: The Story of the Greatest Subway System in the World</a>. Fordham University Press. p. 118. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0823216185" title="Special:BookSources/978-0823216185"><bdi>978-0823216185</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240225181822/https://books.google.com/books?id=LYSVd43vZwQC&q=unification+1940+subway#v=snippet&q=unification%201940%20subway&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2024. Retrieved November 18, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Under+the+Sidewalks+of+New+York%3A+The+Story+of+the+Greatest+Subway+System+in+the+World&rft.pages=118&rft.pub=Fordham+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0823216185&rft.aulast=Cudahy&rft.aufirst=Brian+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLYSVd43vZwQC%26q%3Dunification%2B1940%2Bsubway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0613FB345E1A7493C0A91789D95F418585F9">"Straphangers Sit As Tunnel Opens"</a>. The New York Times. December 2, 1955. p. 29. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102174547/http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0613FB345E1A7493C0A91789D95F418585F9">Archived</a> from the original on November 2, 2012. Retrieved February 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Straphangers+Sit+As+Tunnel+Opens&rft.pages=29&rft.date=1955-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fselect.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3DFB0613FB345E1A7493C0A91789D95F418585F9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-ChrystieStChanges-1967-58"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-ChrystieStChanges-1967_58-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerlmutter1967" class="citation web cs1">Perlmutter, Emanuel (November 16, 1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1967/11/16/90418352.pdf">"Subway Changes to Speed Service: Major Alterations in Maps, Routes and Signs Will Take Effect Nov. 26"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211030145628/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1967/11/16/90418352.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 30, 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Subway+Changes+to+Speed+Service%3A+Major+Alterations+in+Maps%2C+Routes+and+Signs+Will+Take+Effect+Nov.+26&rft.date=1967-11-16&rft.aulast=Perlmutter&rft.aufirst=Emanuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1967%2F11%2F16%2F90418352.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Raskin-RoutesNotTaken-20132-59">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Raskin-RoutesNotTaken-20132_59-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Raskin-RoutesNotTaken-20132_59-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaskin2013" class="citation book cs1">Raskin, Joseph B. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CUlGCgAAQBAJ">The Routes Not Taken: A Trip Through New York City's Unbuilt Subway System</a>. New York, New York: Fordham University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5422%2Ffordham%2F9780823253692.001.0001">10.5422/fordham/9780823253692.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-82325-369-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-82325-369-2"><bdi>978-0-82325-369-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Routes+Not+Taken%3A+A+Trip+Through+New+York+City%27s+Unbuilt+Subway+System&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Fordham+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5422%2Ffordham%2F9780823253692.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-82325-369-2&rft.aulast=Raskin&rft.aufirst=Joseph+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCUlGCgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110806194048/http://www.stationreporter.net/adiv.htm">"A Division"</a>. August 6, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stationreporter.net/adiv.htm">the original</a> on August 6, 2011. Retrieved February 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Division&rft.date=2011-08-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stationreporter.net%2Fadiv.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sparberg2014-61">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sparberg2014_61-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sparberg2014_61-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSparberg2014" class="citation book cs1">Sparberg, Andrew J. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oktGCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA111">From a Nickel to a Token: The Journey from Board of Transportation to MTA</a>. Fordham University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0823261901" title="Special:BookSources/978-0823261901"><bdi>978-0823261901</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+a+Nickel+to+a+Token%3A+The+Journey+from+Board+of+Transportation+to+MTA&rft.pub=Fordham+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0823261901&rft.aulast=Sparberg&rft.aufirst=Andrew+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoktGCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA111&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCunninghamDeHart1993" class="citation book cs1">Cunningham, Joseph; DeHart, Leonard O. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Fg4KAQAAMAAJ&q=%22shuttle%22+%22pelham%22">A History of the New York City Subway System</a>. J. Schmidt, R. Giglio, and K. Lang. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240225181823/https://books.google.com/books?id=Fg4KAQAAMAAJ&q=%22shuttle%22+%22pelham%22">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2024. Retrieved November 18, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+New+York+City+Subway+System&rft.pub=J.+Schmidt%2C+R.+Giglio%2C+and+K.+Lang&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.au=DeHart%2C+Leonard+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFg4KAQAAMAAJ%26q%3D%2522shuttle%2522%2B%2522pelham%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/facts/ffhist.htm">"mta.info | Facts and Figures"</a>. web.mta.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100106080642/http://www.mta.nyc.ny.us/nyct/facts/ffhist.htm">Archived</a> from the original on January 6, 2010. Retrieved March 11, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.mta.info&rft.atitle=mta.info+%7C+Facts+and+Figures&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Ffacts%2Fffhist.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160209215841/http://www.twu.org/OurUnion/OurHistory.aspx">"Transport Workers Union Our History"</a>. www.twu.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.twu.org/OurUnion/OurHistory.aspx">the original</a> on February 9, 2016. Retrieved February 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.twu.org&rft.atitle=Transport+Workers+Union+Our+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.twu.org%2FOurUnion%2FOurHistory.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFB._Freeman1989" class="citation book cs1">B. Freeman, Joshua (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=urnIzRzjiNUC">In Transit:The Transport Workers Union In New York City, 1933–1966</a>. Temple University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1592138159" title="Special:BookSources/978-1592138159"><bdi>978-1592138159</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230805203345/https://books.google.com/books?id=urnIzRzjiNUC">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2023. Retrieved February 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Transit%3AThe+Transport+Workers+Union+In+New+York+City%2C+1933%E2%80%931966&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-1592138159&rft.aulast=B.+Freeman&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DurnIzRzjiNUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/08/14/a-short-history-of-recent-american-transit-strikes/">"A Short History of Recent American Transit Strikes"</a>. The Transport Politic. August 14, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220122043737/https://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/08/14/a-short-history-of-recent-american-transit-strikes/">Archived</a> from the original on January 22, 2022. Retrieved February 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Transport+Politic&rft.atitle=A+Short+History+of+Recent+American+Transit+Strikes&rft.date=2009-08-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetransportpolitic.com%2F2009%2F08%2F14%2Fa-short-history-of-recent-american-transit-strikes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amny.com/transit/a-look-back-at-the-1966-transit-strike-that-1.11302919">"A look back at the historic 1966 transit strike: Photos and more"</a>. am New York. January 7, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211124040317/https://www.amny.com/transit/a-look-back-at-the-1966-transit-strike-that-1.11302919/">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved February 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=am+New+York&rft.atitle=A+look+back+at+the+historic+1966+transit+strike%3A+Photos+and+more&rft.date=2016-01-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fa-look-back-at-the-1966-transit-strike-that-1.11302919&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160220153934/http://untappedcities.com/2015/04/07/35-years-ago-this-week-the-mta-strikes-for-11-days-nyc-bringing-transit-to-a-halt/">"35 Years Ago This Week, the MTA Strikes for 11 Days in NYC Bringing Transit to a Halt"</a>. Untapped Cities. April 7, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://untappedcities.com/2015/04/07/35-years-ago-this-week-the-mta-strikes-for-11-days-nyc-bringing-transit-to-a-halt/">the original</a> on February 20, 2016. Retrieved February 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Untapped+Cities&rft.atitle=35+Years+Ago+This+Week%2C+the+MTA+Strikes+for+11+Days+in+NYC+Bringing+Transit+to+a+Halt&rft.date=2015-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funtappedcities.com%2F2015%2F04%2F07%2F35-years-ago-this-week-the-mta-strikes-for-11-days-nyc-bringing-transit-to-a-halt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteinhauer2005" class="citation news cs1">Steinhauer, Jennifer (December 21, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/21/nyregion/nyregionspecial3/citywide-strike-halts-new-york-subways-and-buses.html">"Citywide Strike Halts New York Subways and Buses"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220704035612/https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/21/nyregion/nyregionspecial3/citywide-strike-halts-new-york-subways-and-buses.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved February 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Citywide+Strike+Halts+New+York+Subways+and+Buses&rft.date=2005-12-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Steinhauer&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F12%2F21%2Fnyregion%2Fnyregionspecial3%2Fcitywide-strike-halts-new-york-subways-and-buses.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/nyc-transit-workers-on-strike-19-12-2005/">"NYC Transit Workers On Strike"</a>. CBS News. December 19, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211124072234/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nyc-transit-workers-on-strike-19-12-2005/">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved February 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=NYC+Transit+Workers+On+Strike&rft.date=2005-12-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fnyc-transit-workers-on-strike-19-12-2005%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> nycsubway.org – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nycsubway.org/wiki/The_New_York_Transit_Authority_in_the_1970s">The New York Transit Authority in the 1970s</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220706063843/https://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/The_New_York_Transit_Authority_in_the_1970s">Archived</a> July 6, 2022, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-nycsubway_1980s-72">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nycsubway_1980s_72-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nycsubway_1980s_72-1">b</a> nycsubway.org – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nycsubway.org/wiki/The_New_York_Transit_Authority_in_the_1980s">The New York Transit Authority in the 1980s</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220706063843/https://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/The_New_York_Transit_Authority_in_the_1980s">Archived</a> July 6, 2022, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorch1989" class="citation news cs1">Lorch, Donatella (October 29, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/10/29/nyregion/the-subway-to-nowhere-now-goes-somewhere.html">"The 'Subway to Nowhere' Now Goes Somewhere"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110319210859/http://www.nytimes.com/1989/10/29/nyregion/the-subway-to-nowhere-now-goes-somewhere.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 19, 2011. Retrieved October 20, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+%27Subway+to+Nowhere%27+Now+Goes+Somewhere&rft.date=1989-10-29&rft.aulast=Lorch&rft.aufirst=Donatella&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F10%2F29%2Fnyregion%2Fthe-subway-to-nowhere-now-goes-somewhere.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes2-74"><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes2_74-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson1988" class="citation news cs1">Johnson, Kirk (December 9, 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1988/12/09/nyregion/big-changes-for-subways-are-to-begin.html">"Big Changes For Subways Are to Begin"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308122331/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/12/09/nyregion/big-changes-for-subways-are-to-begin.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Big+Changes+For+Subways+Are+to+Begin&rft.date=1988-12-09&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1988%2F12%2F09%2Fnyregion%2Fbig-changes-for-subways-are-to-begin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLentz1989" class="citation news cs1">Lentz, Phillip (May 18, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/1989/05/18/graffiti-cleanup-a-shiny-symbol-of-subway-systems-turnaround/">"Graffiti Cleanup A Shiny Symbol Of Subway System's Turnaround"</a>. Chicago Tribune. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160312021108/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1989-05-18/news/8902020244_1_subway-cars-graffiti-campaign-transit-system">Archived</a> from the original on March 12, 2016. Retrieved March 11, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Graffiti+Cleanup+A+Shiny+Symbol+Of+Subway+System%27s+Turnaround&rft.date=1989-05-18&rft.aulast=Lentz&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2F1989%2F05%2F18%2Fgraffiti-cleanup-a-shiny-symbol-of-subway-systems-turnaround%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-USDOT-76"><a href="#cite_ref-USDOT_76-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFU.S._Department_of_Transportation_Research_and_Special_Programs_Administration,_Volpe_National_Transportation_Systems_Center2002" class="citation web cs1">U.S. Department of Transportation Research and Special Programs Administration, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (April 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130305144248/http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/jpodocs/repts_te/14129.htm">"Effects of Catastrophic Events on Transportation System Management and Operations: New York City – September 11"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/jpodocs/repts_te/14129.htm">the original</a> on March 5, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Effects+of+Catastrophic+Events+on+Transportation+System+Management+and+Operations%3A+New+York+City+%E2%80%93+September+11&rft.date=2002-04&rft.au=U.S.+Department+of+Transportation+Research+and+Special+Programs+Administration%2C+Volpe+National+Transportation+Systems+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fntl.bts.gov%2Flib%2Fjpodocs%2Frepts_te%2F14129.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto3-77"><a href="#cite_ref-auto3_77-0">^</a> Kennedy, Randy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E02E1D81730F934A2575AC0A9649C8B63">"Tunnel Vision; With Station's Reopening, Even Commuters Smile"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101143245/https://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/17/nyregion/tunnel-vision-with-station-s-reopening-even-commuters-smile.html">Archived</a> November 1, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The New York Times, September 17, 2002. Accessed October 6, 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030716233305/http://mta.info/nyct/service/pdf_f/38_1239se.pdf">"1 9 2 3 Service Restored"</a> (PDF). mta.info. September 15, 2002. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mta.info:80/nyct/service/pdf_f/38_1239se.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on July 16, 2003. Retrieved December 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=1+9+2+3+Service+Restored&rft.date=2002-09-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmta.info%3A80%2Fnyct%2Fservice%2Fpdf_f%2F38_1239se.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brian_Abbott_2004-79"><a href="#cite_ref-Brian_Abbott_2004_79-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160314061039/http://brianabbott.net/observations/2004/09/11/september-11-three-years-later">"September 11: Three Years Later"</a>. Brian Abbott. September 11, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://brianabbott.net/observations/2004/09/11/september-11-three-years-later">the original</a> on March 14, 2016. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brian+Abbott&rft.atitle=September+11%3A+Three+Years+Later&rft.date=2004-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbrianabbott.net%2Fobservations%2F2004%2F09%2F11%2Fseptember-11-three-years-later&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzsimmonsHu2018" class="citation news cs1">Fitzsimmons, Emma G.; Hu, Winnie (September 8, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/08/nyregion/cortlandt-street-subway-station-911.html">"Cortlandt Street Station, Damaged on Sept. 11, Reopens 17 Years Later"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180908115446/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/08/nyregion/cortlandt-street-subway-station-911.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2018. Retrieved September 8, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Cortlandt+Street+Station%2C+Damaged+on+Sept.+11%2C+Reopens+17+Years+Later&rft.date=2018-09-08&rft.aulast=Fitzsimmons&rft.aufirst=Emma+G.&rft.au=Hu%2C+Winnie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F09%2F08%2Fnyregion%2Fcortlandt-street-subway-station-911.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181114173019/http://web.mta.info/sandy/timeline.htm">"mta.info: Superstorm Sandy Timeline"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/sandy/timeline.htm">the original</a> on November 14, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=mta.info%3A+Superstorm+Sandy+Timeline&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fsandy%2Ftimeline.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brachfeld_2022_k163-82"><a href="#cite_ref-Brachfeld_2022_k163_82-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrachfeld2022" class="citation web cs1">Brachfeld, Ben (December 27, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amny.com/transit/mta-surpasses-billion-subway-riders-2022/">"MTA surpasses 1 billion subway riders in 2022, a first in COVID era"</a>. amNewYork. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231017233912/https://www.amny.com/transit/mta-surpasses-billion-subway-riders-2022/">Archived</a> from the original on October 17, 2023. Retrieved October 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=amNewYork&rft.atitle=MTA+surpasses+1+billion+subway+riders+in+2022%2C+a+first+in+COVID+era&rft.date=2022-12-27&rft.aulast=Brachfeld&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fmta-surpasses-billion-subway-riders-2022%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Construction-83">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Construction_83-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Construction_83-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Construction_83-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Construction_83-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/The_New_York_Subway:_Chapter_02,_Types_and_Methods_of_Construction">"The New York Subway: Chapter 02, Types and Methods of Construction"</a>. nycsubway.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220217041303/https://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/The_New_York_Subway:_Chapter_02,_Types_and_Methods_of_Construction">Archived</a> from the original on February 17, 2022. Retrieved November 1, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nycsubway.org&rft.atitle=The+New+York+Subway%3A+Chapter+02%2C+Types+and+Methods+of+Construction&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FThe_New_York_Subway%3A_Chapter_02%2C_Types_and_Methods_of_Construction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/why-it-was-faster-to-build-subways-in-1900">"Why It Was Faster To Build Subways in 1900"</a>. Atlas Obscura. October 22, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220517051027/https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/why-it-was-faster-to-build-subways-in-1900">Archived</a> from the original on May 17, 2022. Retrieved April 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Atlas+Obscura&rft.atitle=Why+It+Was+Faster+To+Build+Subways+in+1900&rft.date=2015-10-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atlasobscura.com%2Farticles%2Fwhy-it-was-faster-to-build-subways-in-1900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Design_and_Construction_of_the_IRT:_Civil_Engineering_(Scott)">"www.nycsubway.org: Design and Construction of the IRT: Civil Engineering (Scott)"</a>. www.nycsubway.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220805142603/https://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Design_and_Construction_of_the_IRT:_Civil_Engineering_(Scott)">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2022. Retrieved April 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nycsubway.org&rft.atitle=www.nycsubway.org%3A+Design+and+Construction+of+the+IRT%3A+Civil+Engineering+%28Scott%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FDesign_and_Construction_of_the_IRT%3A_Civil_Engineering_%28Scott%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypl.org/blog/2015/05/04/subway-construction-then-now">"Subway Construction: Then and Now"</a>. The New York Public Library. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220611193059/https://www.nypl.org/blog/2015/05/04/subway-construction-then-now">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2022. Retrieved April 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Public+Library&rft.atitle=Subway+Construction%3A+Then+and+Now&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypl.org%2Fblog%2F2015%2F05%2F04%2Fsubway-construction-then-now&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Subway_FAQ:_Facts_and_Figures">"Subway FAQ: Facts and Figures"</a>. nycsubway.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130621052654/http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Subway_FAQ:_Facts_and_Figures">Archived</a> from the original on June 21, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nycsubway.org&rft.atitle=Subway+FAQ%3A+Facts+and+Figures&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FSubway_FAQ%3A_Facts_and_Figures&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nypost.com/2019/02/22/mta-has-been-leaving-dangerous-debris-exposed-for-years-conductor/">"MTA has been leaving dangerous debris exposed for years: conductor"</a>. New York Post. February 23, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190223063307/https://nypost.com/2019/02/22/mta-has-been-leaving-dangerous-debris-exposed-for-years-conductor/">Archived</a> from the original on February 23, 2019. Retrieved February 23, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Post&rft.atitle=MTA+has+been+leaving+dangerous+debris+exposed+for+years%3A+conductor&rft.date=2019-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnypost.com%2F2019%2F02%2F22%2Fmta-has-been-leaving-dangerous-debris-exposed-for-years-conductor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/IRT_White_Plains_Road_Line">"www.nycsubway.org: IRT White Plains Road Line"</a>. www.nycsubway.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514170056/https://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/IRT_White_Plains_Road_Line">Archived</a> from the original on May 14, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nycsubway.org&rft.atitle=www.nycsubway.org%3A+IRT+White+Plains+Road+Line&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FIRT_White_Plains_Road_Line&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCox" class="citation web cs1">Cox, Jeremiah. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180312132320/http://subwaynut.com/bmt/myrtlej/index.php">"Myrtle Av-Broadway (J, M, Z) – The SubwayNut"</a>. www.subwaynut.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.subwaynut.com/bmt/myrtlej/index.php">the original</a> on March 12, 2018. Retrieved February 26, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.subwaynut.com&rft.atitle=Myrtle+Av-Broadway+%28J%2C+M%2C+Z%29+%E2%80%93+The+SubwayNut&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Jeremiah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.subwaynut.com%2Fbmt%2Fmyrtlej%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tracks-91"><a href="#cite_ref-tracks_91-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDougherty2006" class="citation book cs1">Dougherty, Peter (2006) [2002]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VovXXwAACAAJ">Tracks of the New York City Subway 2006</a> (3rd ed.). Dougherty. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/49777633">49777633</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tracks+of+the+New+York+City+Subway+2006&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Dougherty&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F49777633&rft.aulast=Dougherty&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVovXXwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuTemple2002" class="citation book cs1">DuTemple, Lesley A. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AZ2N5N9zSbIC&q=7700+people+original+subway+construction&pg=PA26">The New York Subways</a>. Twenty-First Century Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0822503781" title="Special:BookSources/978-0822503781"><bdi>978-0822503781</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240225181755/https://books.google.com/books?id=AZ2N5N9zSbIC&q=7700+people+original+subway+construction&pg=PA26#v=snippet&q=7700%20people%20original%20subway%20construction&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2024. Retrieved January 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+York+Subways&rft.pub=Twenty-First+Century+Books&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0822503781&rft.aulast=DuTemple&rft.aufirst=Lesley+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAZ2N5N9zSbIC%26q%3D7700%2Bpeople%2Boriginal%2Bsubway%2Bconstruction%26pg%3DPA26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacKechnie,_Christopher" class="citation web cs1">MacKechnie, Christopher. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161210162157/http://publictransport.about.com/od/Glossary/a/The-Two-Methods-Of-Subway-Construction.htm">"The Two Methods of Subway Construction"</a>. <a href="/wiki/About.com" class="mw-redirect" title="About.com">about.com</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publictransport.about.com/od/Glossary/a/The-Two-Methods-Of-Subway-Construction.htm">the original</a> on December 10, 2016. Retrieved May 7, 2014. <q>In exchange for these advantages are two major disadvantages. One is financial: "deep bore" construction costs significantly more than 'cut and cover'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=about.com&rft.atitle=The+Two+Methods+of+Subway+Construction&rft.au=MacKechnie%2C+Christopher&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublictransport.about.com%2Fod%2FGlossary%2Fa%2FThe-Two-Methods-Of-Subway-Construction.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120315212612/http://www.tienyi.com/rda/trans6.html">"No. 7 Subway Line Extension"</a>. Richard Dattner & Partners Architects. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tienyi.com/rda/trans6.html">the original</a> on March 15, 2012. Retrieved February 28, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Richard+Dattner+%26+Partners+Architects&rft.atitle=No.+7+Subway+Line+Extension&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tienyi.com%2Frda%2Ftrans6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120407015716/http://bronx.ny1.com/content/news_beats/transit/110795/west-side-development-project-gets-the-green-light">"West Side Development Project Gets The Green Light"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NY1" title="NY1">NY1</a>. December 21, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bronx.ny1.com/content/news_beats/transit/110795/west-side-development-project-gets-the-green-light">the original</a> on April 7, 2012. Retrieved February 28, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NY1&rft.atitle=West+Side+Development+Project+Gets+The+Green+Light&rft.date=2009-12-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbronx.ny1.com%2Fcontent%2Fnews_beats%2Ftransit%2F110795%2Fwest-side-development-project-gets-the-green-light&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCuza2009" class="citation news cs1">Cuza, Bobby (February 19, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090505113516/http://www.ny1.com/content/news_beats/transit/94220/crews-lower-giant-drill-into-7-line-tunnel/Default.aspx">"Crews Lower Giant Drill Into 7 Line Tunnel"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NY1" title="NY1">NY1</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ny1.com/content/news_beats/transit/94220/crews-lower-giant-drill-into-7-line-tunnel/Default.aspx">the original</a> on May 5, 2009. Retrieved February 28, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NY1&rft.atitle=Crews+Lower+Giant+Drill+Into+7+Line+Tunnel&rft.date=2009-02-19&rft.aulast=Cuza&rft.aufirst=Bobby&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ny1.com%2Fcontent%2Fnews_beats%2Ftransit%2F94220%2Fcrews-lower-giant-drill-into-7-line-tunnel%2FDefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tunnelingonline.com/new-york-state-society-of-professional-engineers-award/">"New York State Society of Professional Engineers Recognizes No. 7 Line Project"</a>. Tunnel Business Magazine. July 3, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210424140834/https://tunnelingonline.com/new-york-state-society-of-professional-engineers-award/">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved August 20, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tunnel+Business+Magazine&rft.atitle=New+York+State+Society+of+Professional+Engineers+Recognizes+No.+7+Line+Project&rft.date=2013-07-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tunnelingonline.com%2Fnew-york-state-society-of-professional-engineers-award%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiff2010" class="citation news cs1">Siff, Andrew (May 14, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local-beat/2nd-Ave-Subway-Tunnel-Dig-Begins-93787364.html">"2nd Ave. Subway Tunnel Dig Begins"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WNBC" title="WNBC">WNBC</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230805203830/https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/2nd-ave-subway-tunnel-dig-begins/1886405/">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=2nd+Ave.+Subway+Tunnel+Dig+Begins&rft.date=2010-05-14&rft.aulast=Siff&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnewyork.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-beat%2F2nd-Ave-Subway-Tunnel-Dig-Begins-93787364.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606084216/http://mta.info/news/stories/?story=63">"MTA | news | Tunneling Begins Under Second Avenue"</a>. www.mta.info. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mta.info/news/2010/05/14/tunneling-begins-under-second-avenue">the original</a> on June 6, 2011. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA+%7C+news+%7C+Tunneling+Begins+Under+Second+Avenue&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mta.info%2Fnews%2F2010%2F05%2F14%2Ftunneling-begins-under-second-avenue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVarious2011" class="citation web cs1">Various (September 23, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140331174958/http://www.capitalnewyork.com/article/politics/2011/09/3473217/second-avenue-subway-has-breakthrough-moment-several-billion-more-a?page=all">"Second Avenue Subway has a breakthrough moment; several billion more are all the M.T.A. wants"</a>. Capital New York. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capitalnewyork.com/article/politics/2011/09/3473217/second-avenue-subway-has-breakthrough-moment-several-billion-more-a?page=all">the original</a> on March 31, 2014. Retrieved March 31, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Second+Avenue+Subway+has+a+breakthrough+moment%3B+several+billion+more+are+all+the+M.T.A.+wants&rft.pub=Capital+New+York&rft.date=2011-09-23&rft.au=Various&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.capitalnewyork.com%2Farticle%2Fpolitics%2F2011%2F09%2F3473217%2Fsecond-avenue-subway-has-breakthrough-moment-several-billion-more-a%3Fpage%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-OurGreatSubway-IND2ndSystem-1929-101">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-OurGreatSubway-IND2ndSystem-1929_101-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-OurGreatSubway-IND2ndSystem-1929_101-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuffus1929" class="citation news cs1">Duffus, R.L. (September 22, 1929). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9C0CE4D71530E73ABC4A51DFBF668382639EDE">"Our Great Subway Network Spreads Wider – New Plans of Board of Transportation Involve the Building of More Than One Hundred Miles of Additional Rapid Transit Routes for New York"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150927200458/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9C0CE4D71530E73ABC4A51DFBF668382639EDE">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2015. Retrieved August 19, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Our+Great+Subway+Network+Spreads+Wider+%E2%80%93+New+Plans+of+Board+of+Transportation+Involve+the+Building+of+More+Than+One+Hundred+Miles+of+Additional+Rapid+Transit+Routes+for+New+York&rft.date=1929-09-22&rft.aulast=Duffus&rft.aufirst=R.L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3D9C0CE4D71530E73ABC4A51DFBF668382639EDE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-1929-SubwayPlan-102"><a href="#cite_ref-1929-SubwayPlan_102-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/packages/pdf/nyregion/20070408_SUBWAY_DOCS/19290916_subway_doc.pdf">"100 Miles of Subway in New City Project; 52 of them in Queens"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. September 16, 1929. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220627230221/https://www.nytimes.com/packages/pdf/nyregion/20070408_SUBWAY_DOCS/19290916_subway_doc.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on June 27, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=100+Miles+of+Subway+in+New+City+Project%3B+52+of+them+in+Queens&rft.date=1929-09-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fpackages%2Fpdf%2Fnyregion%2F20070408_SUBWAY_DOCS%2F19290916_subway_doc.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vanshnookenraggen.com/_index/2010/02/the-futurenycsubway-the-ind-second-system/">"The futureNYCSubway: The IND Second System"</a>. vanshnookenraggen. February 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160330051044/http://www.vanshnookenraggen.com/_index/2010/02/the-futurenycsubway-the-ind-second-system/">Archived</a> from the original on March 30, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=vanshnookenraggen&rft.atitle=The+futureNYCSubway%3A+The+IND+Second+System&rft.date=2010-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vanshnookenraggen.com%2F_index%2F2010%2F02%2Fthe-futurenycsubway-the-ind-second-system%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nycsubway2-104"><a href="#cite_ref-nycsubway2_104-0">^</a> nycsubway.org – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/History_of_the_Independent_Subway">History of the Independent Subway</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225092101/http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/History_of_the_Independent_Subway">Archived</a> December 25, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Grade2012" class="citation web cs1">O'Grade, Jim (January 3, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130809093852/http://www.wnyc.org/articles/wnyc-news/2012/jan/03/blog-new-yorks-lost-subways">"Lost Subways: Abandoned Stations and Unbuilt Lines"</a>. wnyc.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wnyc.org/articles/wnyc-news/2012/jan/03/blog-new-yorks-lost-subways">the original</a> on August 9, 2013. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wnyc.org&rft.atitle=Lost+Subways%3A+Abandoned+Stations+and+Unbuilt+Lines&rft.date=2012-01-03&rft.aulast=O%27Grade&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wnyc.org%2Farticles%2Fwnyc-news%2F2012%2Fjan%2F03%2Fblog-new-yorks-lost-subways&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SixthAvenueOpening-106"><a href="#cite_ref-SixthAvenueOpening_106-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1940/12/15/archives/new-subway-line-on-6th-ave-opens-at-midnight-fete-mayor-and-2000.html">"New Subway Line on 6th Ave. Opens at Midnight Fete"</a>. The New York Times. December 15, 1940. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211213213358/https://www.nytimes.com/1940/12/15/archives/new-subway-line-on-6th-ave-opens-at-midnight-fete-mayor-and-2000.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 13, 2021. Retrieved October 7, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Subway+Line+on+6th+Ave.+Opens+at+Midnight+Fete&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1940-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1940%2F12%2F15%2Farchives%2Fnew-subway-line-on-6th-ave-opens-at-midnight-fete-mayor-and-2000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1941/05/16/archives/rail-line-is-added-to-subway-system-old-westchester-and-boston-road.html">"Rail Line is Added to Subway System"</a>. The New York Times. May 16, 1941. p. 25. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220802162721/https://www.nytimes.com/1941/05/16/archives/rail-line-is-added-to-subway-system-old-westchester-and-boston-road.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2022. Retrieved October 4, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rail+Line+is+Added+to+Subway+System&rft.pages=25&rft.date=1941-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1941%2F05%2F16%2Farchives%2Frail-line-is-added-to-subway-system-old-westchester-and-boston-road.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-INDRkwyOpen-1956-108"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-INDRkwyOpen-1956_108-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreeman1956" class="citation web cs1">Freeman, Ira Henry (June 28, 1956). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1956/06/28/84703811.pdf">"Rockaway Trains to Operate Today"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220520042015/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1956/06/28/84703811.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false">Archived</a> from the original on May 20, 2022. Retrieved June 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rockaway+Trains+to+Operate+Today&rft.date=1956-06-28&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=Ira+Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1956%2F06%2F28%2F84703811.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejoekorner.com/brochures/index-chrystie.html">"Rapid Transit Service Coming Brochure"</a>. www.thejoekorner.com. New York City Transit Authority. July 1, 1968. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151208125457/http://www.thejoekorner.com/brochures/index-chrystie.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved January 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thejoekorner.com&rft.atitle=Rapid+Transit+Service+Coming+Brochure&rft.date=1968-07-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejoekorner.com%2Fbrochures%2Findex-chrystie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejoekorner.com/brochures/index-chrystie.html">"KK a new service"</a>. www.thejoekorner.com. New York City Transit Authority. July 1, 1968. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151208125457/http://www.thejoekorner.com/brochures/index-chrystie.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved January 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thejoekorner.com&rft.atitle=KK+a+new+service&rft.date=1968-07-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejoekorner.com%2Fbrochures%2Findex-chrystie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTImes-148LenoxOpen-1968-111"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTImes-148LenoxOpen-1968_111-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1968/05/14/archives/irt-passengers-get-new-148th-st-station.html">"IRT Passengers Get New 148th St. Station"</a>. The New York Times. May 14, 1968. p. 95. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211221185250/https://www.nytimes.com/1968/05/14/archives/irt-passengers-get-new-148th-st-station.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 21, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=IRT+Passengers+Get+New+148th+St.+Station&rft.pages=95&rft.date=1968-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1968%2F05%2F14%2Farchives%2Firt-passengers-get-new-148th-st-station.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes-112"><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_112-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson1988" class="citation news cs1">Johnson, Kirk (December 9, 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1988/12/09/nyregion/big-changes-for-subways-are-to-begin.html">"Big Changes For Subways Are to Begin"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308122331/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/12/09/nyregion/big-changes-for-subways-are-to-begin.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Big+Changes+For+Subways+Are+to+Begin&rft.date=1988-12-09&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1988%2F12%2F09%2Fnyregion%2Fbig-changes-for-subways-are-to-begin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorch1989" class="citation news cs1">Lorch, Donatella (October 29, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/10/29/nyregion/the-subway-to-nowhere-now-goes-somewhere.html">"The 'Subway to Nowhere' Now Goes Somewhere"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110319210859/http://www.nytimes.com/1989/10/29/nyregion/the-subway-to-nowhere-now-goes-somewhere.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 19, 2011. Retrieved October 20, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+%27Subway+to+Nowhere%27+Now+Goes+Somewhere&rft.date=1989-10-29&rft.aulast=Lorch&rft.aufirst=Donatella&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F10%2F29%2Fnyregion%2Fthe-subway-to-nowhere-now-goes-somewhere.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonohue2009" class="citation web cs1">Donohue, Pete (March 17, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-opens-new-530m-south-ferry-station-easing-commuters-hassle-article-1.372235">"MTA opens new $530M South Ferry station"</a>. New York Daily News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160817135752/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-opens-new-530m-south-ferry-station-easing-commuters-hassle-article-1.372235">Archived</a> from the original on August 17, 2016. Retrieved July 21, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=MTA+opens+new+%24530M+South+Ferry+station&rft.date=2009-03-17&rft.aulast=Donohue&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fmta-opens-new-530m-south-ferry-station-easing-commuters-hassle-article-1.372235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzsimmons2015" class="citation web cs1">Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (September 10, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/14/nyregion/no-7-subway-station-far-west-side-manhattan.html">"Subway Station for 7 Line Opens on Far West Side"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150914231924/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/14/nyregion/no-7-subway-station-far-west-side-manhattan.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 14, 2015. Retrieved September 13, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Subway+Station+for+7+Line+Opens+on+Far+West+Side&rft.date=2015-09-10&rft.aulast=Fitzsimmons&rft.aufirst=Emma+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F09%2F14%2Fnyregion%2Fno-7-subway-station-far-west-side-manhattan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mta.info_2015-116"><a href="#cite_ref-mta.info_2015_116-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/capital/no7_alt.html">"Capital Programs 7 Line Extension"</a>. mta.info. September 13, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003930/http://web.mta.info/capital/no7_alt.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=Capital+Programs+7+Line+Extension&rft.date=2015-09-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fcapital%2Fno7_alt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIngram2016" class="citation web cs1">Ingram, David (December 31, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yahoo.com/news/york-opens-subway-line-dreamed-1920s-163028341.html">"New York tale: a century-old subway dream becomes reality"</a>. Yahoo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220608154935/https://www.yahoo.com/news/york-opens-subway-line-dreamed-1920s-163028341.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 8, 2022. Retrieved January 1, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yahoo&rft.atitle=New+York+tale%3A+a+century-old+subway+dream+becomes+reality&rft.date=2016-12-31&rft.aulast=Ingram&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Fyork-opens-subway-line-dreamed-1920s-163028341.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/mta/investor/pdf/2001app-a.pdf">"Annual Information Statement 2001 Appendix A The Related Entities"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA)</a>. 2001. Retrieved April 26, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Annual+Information+Statement+2001+Appendix+A+The+Related+Entities&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority+%28MTA%29&rft.date=2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmta%2Finvestor%2Fpdf%2F2001app-a.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> Tunneling to the Future: The Story of the Great Subway Expansion That Saved New York (2001). </li> <li id="cite_note-ridership2015-121"><a href="#cite_ref-ridership2015_121-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/facts/ridership/">"Introduction to Subway Ridership"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA)</a>. Retrieved April 18, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Subway+Ridership&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority+%28MTA%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Ffacts%2Fridership%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-annual-ridership-122"><a href="#cite_ref-annual-ridership_122-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/document/137106">"Annual Subway Ridership (2018–2023)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. 2023. Retrieved April 20, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Annual+Subway+Ridership+%282018%E2%80%932023%29&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fdocument%2F137106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/agency/new-york-city-transit/subway-bus-ridership-2021">"Subway and bus ridership for 2021"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA)</a>. Retrieved October 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Subway+and+bus+ridership+for+2021&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority+%28MTA%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fagency%2Fnew-york-city-transit%2Fsubway-bus-ridership-2021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/agency/new-york-city-transit/subway-bus-ridership-2022">"Subway and bus ridership for 2022"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA)</a>. Retrieved November 15, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Subway+and+bus+ridership+for+2022&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority+%28MTA%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fagency%2Fnew-york-city-transit%2Fsubway-bus-ridership-2022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/agency/new-york-city-transit/subway-bus-ridership-2023">"Subway and bus ridership for 2023"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA)</a>. Retrieved June 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Subway+and+bus+ridership+for+2023&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority+%28MTA%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fagency%2Fnew-york-city-transit%2Fsubway-bus-ridership-2023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ridership1982-126"><a href="#cite_ref-ridership1982_126-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldman1982" class="citation news cs1">Goldman, Ari (October 23, 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/10/23/nyregion/ridership-of-subways-since-1917.html">"RIDERSHIP OF SUBWAYS SINCE 1917"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved June 5, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=RIDERSHIP+OF+SUBWAYS+SINCE+1917&rft.date=1982-10-23&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=Ari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1982%2F10%2F23%2Fnyregion%2Fridership-of-subways-since-1917.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZ83UhBJFP0">Subway Colors and Names</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a> MTA YouTube Web Page. Made July 15, 2010. Retrieved July 17, 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-128">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_128-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_128-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_128-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/document/12331">"Subway Service Guide"</a> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>). <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. September 2019. Retrieved September 22, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Subway+Service+Guide&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2019-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fdocument%2F12331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCox" class="citation web cs1">Cox, Bobby. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141102050242/http://www.deafecho.com/2005/12/new-york-city-subway/">"New York City Subway"</a>. Deaf Echo. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deafecho.com/2005/12/new-york-city-subway/">the original</a> on November 2, 2014. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deaf+Echo&rft.atitle=New+York+City+Subway&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Bobby&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deafecho.com%2F2005%2F12%2Fnew-york-city-subway%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fodors.com/community/united-states/rules-of-the-subway-168800-3.cfm">"Rules of The Subway"</a>. Fodors. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170704231355/http://www.fodors.com/community/united-states/rules-of-the-subway-168800-3.cfm">Archived</a> from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved September 21, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fodors&rft.atitle=Rules+of+The+Subway&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fodors.com%2Fcommunity%2Funited-states%2Frules-of-the-subway-168800-3.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYCS_const|map-131">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYCS_const|map_131-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYCS_const|map_131-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/map/5256">"Subway Map"</a> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>). <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. September 2021. Retrieved September 17, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Subway+Map&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2021-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fmap%2F5256&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/maps/night_map.pdf">"Late Night Subway Service September 2015"</a> (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. September 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220422184317/http://web.mta.info/maps/night_map.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on April 22, 2022. Retrieved February 29, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=Late+Night+Subway+Service+September+2015&rft.date=2015-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmaps%2Fnight_map.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haberman_2008-133"><a href="#cite_ref-Haberman_2008_133-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaberman2008" class="citation news cs1">Haberman, Clyde (April 4, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/04/nyregion/04nyc.html">"Train Skip Your Stop? It's No Mistake, It's Just the Weekend"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220707205032/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/04/nyregion/04nyc.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 7, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Train+Skip+Your+Stop%3F+It%27s+No+Mistake%2C+It%27s+Just+the+Weekend&rft.date=2008-04-04&rft.aulast=Haberman&rft.aufirst=Clyde&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F04%2F04%2Fnyregion%2F04nyc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-134">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:8_134-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_134-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_134-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTangel" class="citation news cs1">Tangel, Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/new-yorks-subway-system-cant-keep-pace-with-growing-number-of-riders-1458762858">"New York's Subway System Can't Keep Pace With Growing Number of Riders"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220820001523/https://www.wsj.com/articles/new-yorks-subway-system-cant-keep-pace-with-growing-number-of-riders-1458762858">Archived</a> from the original on August 20, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=New+York%27s+Subway+System+Can%27t+Keep+Pace+With+Growing+Number+of+Riders&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft.aulast=Tangel&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fnew-yorks-subway-system-cant-keep-pace-with-growing-number-of-riders-1458762858&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> Finnegan, Jack, Belden Merims and Jennifer Cecil (2007). Newcomer's Handbook for Moving to and Living in New York City: Including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Queens, Staten Island, and Northern New Jersey. Portland, OR: First Books Inc. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0912301723" title="Special:BookSources/978-0912301723">978-0912301723</a>. p. 336. </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211006085134/http://travel.mtanyct.info/serviceadvisory/">"NYCT – Service Advisory"</a>. travel.mtanyct.info. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://travel.mtanyct.info/serviceadvisory/">the original</a> on October 6, 2021. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=travel.mtanyct.info&rft.atitle=NYCT+%E2%80%93+Service+Advisory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftravel.mtanyct.info%2Fserviceadvisory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101220211646/http://www.mta.info/nyct/service/servInfo/PresidentLetter_servInfo.htm">"MTA/New York City Transit – Subway Service Information"</a>. December 20, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/servInfo/PresidentLetter_servInfo.htm">the original</a> on December 20, 2010. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MTA%2FNew+York+City+Transit+%E2%80%93+Subway+Service+Information&rft.date=2010-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Fservice%2FservInfo%2FPresidentLetter_servInfo.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/NYCTSubway">"NYCT Subway (@NYCTSubway) – Twitter"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221001174031/https://twitter.com/nyctsubway">Archived</a> from the original on October 1, 2022. Retrieved February 13, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NYCT+Subway+%28%40NYCTSubway%29+%E2%80%93+Twitter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2FNYCTSubway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> Official paint monikers since the colors were fixed in 1979: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrynbaum2010" class="citation web cs1">Grynbaum, Michael (May 10, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/05/10/take-the-tomato-to-the-sunflower/">"Take the Tomato 2 Stops to the Sunflower"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a>, City Room Blog. Retrieved May 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times%2C+City+Room+Blog&rft.atitle=Take+the+Tomato+2+Stops+to+the+Sunflower&rft.date=2010-05-10&rft.aulast=Grynbaum&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcityroom.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2010%2F05%2F10%2Ftake-the-tomato-to-the-sunflower%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> Official MTA video mentions "lime green" for the G line. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZ83UhBJFP0">"Subway Colors and Names"</a>. MTA Info. July 15, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MTA+Info&rft.atitle=Subway+Colors+and+Names&rft.date=2010-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DyZ83UhBJFP0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/developers/download.html">MTA Developer Resources Download</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/developers/data/colors.csv">CSV file</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor_RomineLaura_Ly2020" class="citation web cs1">Taylor Romine; Laura Ly (February 27, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/style/article/hertz-death-subway-map-style/index.html">"Michael Hertz, who helped design New York City's subway map, dies at 87"</a>. CNN. New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200301014402/https://www.cnn.com/style/article/hertz-death-subway-map-style/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 1, 2020. Retrieved March 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Michael+Hertz%2C+who+helped+design+New+York+City%27s+subway+map%2C+dies+at+87&rft.date=2020-02-27&rft.au=Taylor+Romine&rft.au=Laura+Ly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fstyle%2Farticle%2Fhertz-death-subway-map-style%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mta.info/news/stories/?story=77">"New Subway Map is Here"</a> (Press release). <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>: <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120926105836/http://mta.info/news/stories/?story=77">Archived</a> from the original on September 26, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Subway+Map+is+Here&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmta.info%2Fnews%2Fstories%2F%3Fstory%3D77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aiga.org/content.cfm/the-mostly-true-story-of-helvetica-and-the-new-york-city-subway?pp=1">"The (Mostly) True Story of Helvetica and the New York City Subway"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AIGA" class="mw-redirect" title="AIGA">AIGA</a>. aiga.org. November 18, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110421030210/http://www.aiga.org/content.cfm/the-mostly-true-story-of-helvetica-and-the-new-york-city-subway?pp=1">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2011. Retrieved February 4, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AIGA&rft.atitle=The+%28Mostly%29+True+Story+of+Helvetica+and+the+New+York+City+Subway&rft.date=2008-11-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aiga.org%2Fcontent.cfm%2Fthe-mostly-true-story-of-helvetica-and-the-new-york-city-subway%3Fpp%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hertz-Gothamist-146"><a href="#cite_ref-Hertz-Gothamist_146-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHogarty2007" class="citation web cs1">Hogarty, Dave (August 3, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090818012400/http://gothamist.com/2007/08/03/michael_hertz_d.php">"Michael Hertz, Designer of the NYC Subway Map"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gothamist" title="Gothamist">Gothamist</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gothamist.com/2007/08/03/michael_hertz_d.php">the original</a> on August 18, 2009. Retrieved July 4, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gothamist&rft.atitle=Michael+Hertz%2C+Designer+of+the+NYC+Subway+Map&rft.date=2007-08-03&rft.aulast=Hogarty&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2F2007%2F08%2F03%2Fmichael_hertz_d.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/map/5336">"Late Night Subway Service"</a> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>). <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. March 23, 2023. Retrieved June 2, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Late+Night+Subway+Service&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2023-03-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fmap%2F5336&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrynbaum2011" class="citation news cs1">Grynbaum, Michael (September 15, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/16/nyregion/new-subway-map-to-help-riders-with-weekend-service-changes.html?_r=1&ref=nyregion">"Aid for Baffled Weekend Subway Riders"</a>. The New York Times. New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220626203702/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/16/nyregion/new-subway-map-to-help-riders-with-weekend-service-changes.html?_r=1&ref=nyregion">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2022. Retrieved September 30, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Aid+for+Baffled+Weekend+Subway+Riders&rft.date=2011-09-15&rft.aulast=Grynbaum&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F09%2F16%2Fnyregion%2Fnew-subway-map-to-help-riders-with-weekend-service-changes.html%3F_r%3D1%26ref%3Dnyregion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110923145723/http://mta.info/news/stories/?story=384">"Introducing 'The Weekender'"</a>. MTA.info. September 16, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mta.info/news/stories/?story=384">the original</a> on September 23, 2011. Retrieved May 12, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MTA.info&rft.atitle=Introducing+%27The+Weekender%27&rft.date=2011-09-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmta.info%2Fnews%2Fstories%2F%3Fstory%3D384&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140628162305/http://www.ny1.com/content/147316/mta-launches-interactive-online-map-ahead-of-difficult-weekend-for-subways/">"MTA Launches Interactive Online Map Ahead Of Difficult Weekend For Subways"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NY1" title="NY1">NY1</a>. September 16, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ny1.com/content/147316/mta-launches-interactive-online-map-ahead-of-difficult-weekend-for-subways/">the original</a> on June 28, 2014. Retrieved September 18, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NY1&rft.atitle=MTA+Launches+Interactive+Online+Map+Ahead+Of+Difficult+Weekend+For+Subways&rft.date=2011-09-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ny1.com%2Fcontent%2F147316%2Fmta-launches-interactive-online-map-ahead-of-difficult-weekend-for-subways%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6sqft_2020-151"><a href="#cite_ref-6sqft_2020_151-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.6sqft.com/mta-launches-first-real-time-digital-subway-map/">"MTA launches first real-time digital subway map"</a>. 6sqft. October 20, 2020. Retrieved October 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=6sqft&rft.atitle=MTA+launches+first+real-time+digital+subway+map&rft.date=2020-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.6sqft.com%2Fmta-launches-first-real-time-digital-subway-map%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bonanos_2020-152"><a href="#cite_ref-Bonanos_2020_152-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonanos2020" class="citation web cs1">Bonanos, Christopher (October 20, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.curbed.com/2020/10/first-look-new-yorks-digital-subway-map-comes-alive-today.html">"First Look: New York's Digital Subway Map Comes Alive Today"</a>. Curbed. Retrieved October 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Curbed&rft.atitle=First+Look%3A+New+York%27s+Digital+Subway+Map+Comes+Alive+Today&rft.date=2020-10-20&rft.aulast=Bonanos&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.curbed.com%2F2020%2F10%2Ffirst-look-new-yorks-digital-subway-map-comes-alive-today.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100531155230/http://www.ny1.com/content/top_stories/119467/subway-map-gets-a-makeover">Subway Map Gets A Makeover</a> <a href="/wiki/NY1" title="NY1">NY1 local news channel</a>. Retrieved May 28, 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-FNY-SubwayEntranceStylings-155">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FNY-SubwayEntranceStylings_155-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FNY-SubwayEntranceStylings_155-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forgotten-ny.com/2005/02/down-in-the-hole-the-many-styles-of-subway-entrances/">"Subway Entrance Stylings"</a>. Forgotten New York. February 14, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220715113420/https://forgotten-ny.com/2005/02/down-in-the-hole-the-many-styles-of-subway-entrances/">Archived</a> from the original on July 15, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Subway+Entrance+Stylings&rft.pub=Forgotten+New+York&rft.date=2005-02-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforgotten-ny.com%2F2005%2F02%2Fdown-in-the-hole-the-many-styles-of-subway-entrances%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes_20020813-156"><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_20020813_156-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKennedy2002" class="citation news cs1">Kennedy, Randy (August 13, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=980DE2DF113AF930A2575BC0A9649C8B63">"Tunnel Vision; The Light at the Top of the Subway Stairs"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230805203831/https://www.nytimes.com/2002/08/13/nyregion/tunnel-vision-the-light-at-the-top-of-the-subway-stairs.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2023. Retrieved July 7, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Tunnel+Vision%3B+The+Light+at+the+Top+of+the+Subway+Stairs&rft.date=2002-08-13&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Randy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D980DE2DF113AF930A2575BC0A9649C8B63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://untappedcities.com/2021/02/23/abandoned-subway-stations-nyc/">"Explore the Abandoned Subway Stations of NYC"</a>. Untapped New York. February 23, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210311152628/https://untappedcities.com/2021/02/23/abandoned-subway-stations-nyc/">Archived</a> from the original on March 11, 2021. Retrieved March 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Untapped+New+York&rft.atitle=Explore+the+Abandoned+Subway+Stations+of+NYC&rft.date=2021-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funtappedcities.com%2F2021%2F02%2F23%2Fabandoned-subway-stations-nyc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PCAC-ClosedSubwayEntrance-2001-158">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PCAC-ClosedSubwayEntrance-2001_158-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PCAC-ClosedSubwayEntrance-2001_158-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151222153323/http://www.pcac.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/2001-Reopening-Closed-Entrances.pdf">"Reopening Closed Subway Entrances"</a> (PDF). pcac.org. New York City Transit Riders Council. November 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcac.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/2001-Reopening-Closed-Entrances.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 6, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pcac.org&rft.atitle=Reopening+Closed+Subway+Entrances&rft.date=2001-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcac.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2014%2F09%2F2001-Reopening-Closed-Entrances.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MTA-JayLawrenceMetroTech-159"><a href="#cite_ref-MTA-JayLawrenceMetroTech_159-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/procure/miscproj/a35913.pdf">"MTA New York City Transit Jay Street / Lawrence Street Stations Contract A-35913 / A-35914 / A-35927 / A-35978"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220628023219/http://web.mta.info/nyct/procure/miscproj/a35913.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on June 28, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MTA+New+York+City+Transit+Jay+Street+%2F+Lawrence+Street+Stations+Contract+A-35913+%2F+A-35914+%2F+A-35927+%2F+A-35978&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Fprocure%2Fmiscproj%2Fa35913.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/IRT_West_Side_Line">"www.nycsubway.org: IRT West Side Line"</a>. www.nycsubway.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170106212734/http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/IRT_West_Side_Line">Archived</a> from the original on January 6, 2017. Retrieved February 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nycsubway.org&rft.atitle=www.nycsubway.org%3A+IRT+West+Side+Line&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FIRT_West_Side_Line&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/metrocard/buybooth.htm">"MTA/New York City Transit – Subway Station Booth"</a>. web.mta.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211124072428/http://web.mta.info/metrocard/buybooth.htm">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA%2FNew+York+City+Transit+%E2%80%93+Subway+Station+Booth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmetrocard%2Fbuybooth.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrynbaum2009" class="citation news cs1">Grynbaum, Michael M. (October 8, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/09/nyregion/09subway.html">"M.T.A. Station Agent Cuts Leave Riders Lost"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220621071952/https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/09/nyregion/09subway.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 21, 2022. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=M.T.A.+Station+Agent+Cuts+Leave+Riders+Lost&rft.date=2009-10-08&rft.aulast=Grynbaum&rft.aufirst=Michael+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F10%2F09%2Fnyregion%2F09subway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MTA-RidingSafely-163"><a href="#cite_ref-MTA-RidingSafely_163-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/safety-and-security">"Riding Safely"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181121194339/https://new.mta.info/safety-and-security">Archived</a> from the original on November 21, 2018. Retrieved December 6, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Riding+Safely&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fsafety-and-security&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldman1982" class="citation news cs1">Goldman, Ari L. (March 8, 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/08/nyregion/for-off-hours-subway-zones-for-safer-wait.html">"For Off-Hours, Subway Zones for Safer Wait"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211124041840/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/08/nyregion/for-off-hours-subway-zones-for-safer-wait.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved April 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=For+Off-Hours%2C+Subway+Zones+for+Safer+Wait&rft.date=1982-03-08&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=Ari+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1982%2F03%2F08%2Fnyregion%2Ffor-off-hours-subway-zones-for-safer-wait.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110806194606/http://www.stationreporter.net/indlengths.htm">"IND STation Lengths"</a>. August 6, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stationreporter.net/indlengths.htm">the original</a> on August 6, 2011. Retrieved February 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IND+STation+Lengths&rft.date=2011-08-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stationreporter.net%2Findlengths.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306224732/https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20150608/bushwick/map-subway-map-showing-only-wheelchair-accessible-stations">"Map Reveals Shortage of Wheelchair-Accessible NYC Subway Stations"</a>. DNAinfo New York. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20150608/bushwick/map-subway-map-showing-only-wheelchair-accessible-stations">the original</a> on March 6, 2016. Retrieved February 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DNAinfo+New+York&rft.atitle=Map+Reveals+Shortage+of+Wheelchair-Accessible+NYC+Subway+Stations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnainfo.com%2Fnew-york%2F20150608%2Fbushwick%2Fmap-subway-map-showing-only-wheelchair-accessible-stations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/accessibility/stations">"mta.info | Accessibility"</a>. new.mta.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211210123258/https://new.mta.info/accessibility/stations">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2021. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=new.mta.info&rft.atitle=mta.info+%7C+Accessibility&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Faccessibility%2Fstations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ny.curbed.com/2016/2/1/10887202/nyc-subway-needs-1-7-billion-in-new-elevators-feds-say">"NYC Subway Needs $1.7 Billion In New Elevators, Feds Say"</a>. Curbed NY. February 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211124040310/https://ny.curbed.com/2016/2/1/10887202/nyc-subway-needs-1-7-billion-in-new-elevators-feds-say">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved February 29, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Curbed+NY&rft.atitle=NYC+Subway+Needs+%241.7+Billion+In+New+Elevators%2C+Feds+Say&rft.date=2016-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fny.curbed.com%2F2016%2F2%2F1%2F10887202%2Fnyc-subway-needs-1-7-billion-in-new-elevators-feds-say&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSequeira2021" class="citation news cs1">Sequeira, Robbie (September 22, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bxtimes.com/six-bronx-subway-stations-could-be-ada-accessible-under-mta-proposal/">"Six Bronx subway stations could be ADA-accessible under MTA proposal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bronx_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronx Times">Bronx Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220224023524/https://www.bxtimes.com/six-bronx-subway-stations-could-be-ada-accessible-under-mta-proposal/">Archived</a> from the original on February 24, 2022. Retrieved February 23, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bronx+Times&rft.atitle=Six+Bronx+subway+stations+could+be+ADA-accessible+under+MTA+proposal&rft.date=2021-09-22&rft.aulast=Sequeira&rft.aufirst=Robbie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bxtimes.com%2Fsix-bronx-subway-stations-could-be-ada-accessible-under-mta-proposal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaitland1979" class="citation news cs1">Maitland, Leslie (October 1, 1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1979/10/01/archives/suit-asserts-mta-fails-to-provide-for-disabled-discrimination.html">"Suit Asserts M.T.A. Fails To Provide for Disabled"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210110100359/https://www.nytimes.com/1979/10/01/archives/suit-asserts-mta-fails-to-provide-for-disabled-discrimination.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved February 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Suit+Asserts+M.T.A.+Fails+To+Provide+for+Disabled&rft.date=1979-10-01&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Maitland&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1979%2F10%2F01%2Farchives%2Fsuit-asserts-mta-fails-to-provide-for-disabled-discrimination.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:18-171"><a href="#cite_ref-:18_171-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenberg2017" class="citation news cs1">Rosenberg, Eli (April 25, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/25/nyregion/new-york-subway-disability-lawsuit.html">"New York City's Subway System Violates Local and Federal Laws, Disability Groups Say"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210110100414/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/25/nyregion/new-york-subway-disability-lawsuit.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+York+City%27s+Subway+System+Violates+Local+and+Federal+Laws%2C+Disability+Groups+Say&rft.date=2017-04-25&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=Eli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F04%2F25%2Fnyregion%2Fnew-york-subway-disability-lawsuit.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MassapequaPark-172"><a href="#cite_ref-MassapequaPark_172-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/document/69176">Notice of Public Hearing and Description of Projects</a> (Report). New York: Metropolitan Transportation Authority. January 2022. p. 53. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220106205923/https://new.mta.info/document/69176">Archived</a> from the original on January 6, 2022. Retrieved January 20, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Notice+of+Public+Hearing+and+Description+of+Projects&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2022-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fdocument%2F69176&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/22/nyregion/nyc-subway-byford-proposal.html">"A Sweeping Plan to Fix the Subways Comes With a $19 Billion Price Tag"</a>. The New York Times. May 22, 2018. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210110100344/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/22/nyregion/nyc-subway-byford-proposal.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Sweeping+Plan+to+Fix+the+Subways+Comes+With+a+%2419+Billion+Price+Tag&rft.date=2018-05-22&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F05%2F22%2Fnyregion%2Fnyc-subway-byford-proposal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-fastforward-174"><a href="#cite_ref-fastforward_174-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5afef986c3c16a2dc6705929/t/5b056a55aa4a99ccc11291bc/1527081560241/Fast+Forward+The+Plan+to+Modernize+NYCT.pdf">"Transform the Subway"</a> (PDF). Fast Forward. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. May 23, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210110100352/https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5afef986c3c16a2dc6705929/t/5b056a55aa4a99ccc11291bc/1527081560241/Fast+Forward+The+Plan+to+Modernize+NYCT.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fast+Forward&rft.atitle=Transform+the+Subway&rft.date=2018-05-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstatic1.squarespace.com%2Fstatic%2F5afef986c3c16a2dc6705929%2Ft%2F5b056a55aa4a99ccc11291bc%2F1527081560241%2FFast%2BForward%2BThe%2BPlan%2Bto%2BModernize%2BNYCT.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-2022-06-222-175"><a href="#cite_ref-nyt-2022-06-222_175-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGold2022" class="citation news cs1">Gold, Michael (June 22, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/22/nyregion/nyc-subway-accessibility-disabilities-elevators.html">"New York's Subway System Vows to Be 95 Percent Accessible by 2055"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220622135107/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/22/nyregion/nyc-subway-accessibility-disabilities-elevators.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 22, 2022. Retrieved June 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+York%27s+Subway+System+Vows+to+Be+95+Percent+Accessible+by+2055&rft.date=2022-06-22&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Gold&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F06%2F22%2Fnyregion%2Fnyc-subway-accessibility-disabilities-elevators.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.transitchicago.com/accessibility/asap/">"All Stations Accessibility Program (ASAP)"</a>. CTA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230727075117/https://www.transitchicago.com/accessibility/asap/">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2023. Retrieved July 27, 2023. <q>In July 2018, we reached an important milestone in our commitment towards making the rail system accessible to everyone by releasing the All Stations Accessibility Program (ASAP) Strategic Plan – our blueprint for making the remaining 42 rail stations fully accessible over the next two decades.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CTA&rft.atitle=All+Stations+Accessibility+Program+%28ASAP%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.transitchicago.com%2Faccessibility%2Fasap%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TTC-2021-06-23-177"><a href="#cite_ref-TTC-2021-06-23_177-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ttc-cdn.azureedge.net/-/media/Project/TTC/DevProto/Documents/Home/Public-Meetings/Board/2022/June-23/11_2022_Accessibility_Plan_Status_Update.pdf?rev=93faffcb7ac44609a8e0be1d2685e720&hash=0784D6A852739F383C3D55DCC1D21D37">"2022 Accessibility Plan Status Update"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Transit_Commission" title="Toronto Transit Commission">Toronto Transit Commission</a>. June 23, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220726155357/https://ttc-cdn.azureedge.net/-/media/Project/TTC/DevProto/Documents/Home/Public-Meetings/Board/2022/June-23/11_2022_Accessibility_Plan_Status_Update.pdf?rev=93faffcb7ac44609a8e0be1d2685e720&hash=0784D6A852739F383C3D55DCC1D21D37">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on July 26, 2022. Retrieved June 23, 2022. <q>The TTC continues to plan for all of its subway stations to be accessible by 2025.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2022+Accessibility+Plan+Status+Update&rft.pub=Toronto+Transit+Commission&rft.date=2022-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fttc-cdn.azureedge.net%2F-%2Fmedia%2FProject%2FTTC%2FDevProto%2FDocuments%2FHome%2FPublic-Meetings%2FBoard%2F2022%2FJune-23%2F11_2022_Accessibility_Plan_Status_Update.pdf%3Frev%3D93faffcb7ac44609a8e0be1d2685e720%26hash%3D0784D6A852739F383C3D55DCC1D21D37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/stm-metro-accessibility-plan-will-mean-more-elevators-ramps-1.4013361">"STM Metro accessibility plan will mean more elevators, ramps"</a>. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. March 7, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210111035523/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/stm-metro-accessibility-plan-will-mean-more-elevators-ramps-1.4013361">Archived</a> from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved August 4, 2020. <q>Schnobb said at that time the entire underground network should be accessible by 2038.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=STM+Metro+accessibility+plan+will+mean+more+elevators%2C+ramps&rft.pub=Canadian+Broadcasting+Corporation&rft.date=2017-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fmontreal%2Fstm-metro-accessibility-plan-will-mean-more-elevators-ramps-1.4013361&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYDN-GroupsSueMTA-2016-179"><a href="#cite_ref-NYDN-GroupsSueMTA-2016_179-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRossGregorian2016" class="citation news cs1">Ross, Barbara; Gregorian, Dareh (June 29, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/disability-rights-groups-sue-mta-inaccessible-subway-station-article-1.2693061">"Disability rights groups sue MTA over inaccessible subway station"</a>. New York Daily News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202012413/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/disability-rights-groups-sue-mta-inaccessible-subway-station-article-1.2693061">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved September 11, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Disability+rights+groups+sue+MTA+over+inaccessible+subway+station&rft.date=2016-06-29&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.au=Gregorian%2C+Dareh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fdisability-rights-groups-sue-mta-inaccessible-subway-station-article-1.2693061&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Office_of_the_New_York_City_Comptroller_Scott_M._Stringer_2018-180"><a href="#cite_ref-Office_of_the_New_York_City_Comptroller_Scott_M._Stringer_2018_180-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comptroller.nyc.gov/reports/service-denied-accessibility-and-the-new-york-city-subway-system/">"Service Denied: Accessibility and the New York City Subway System"</a>. Office of the New York City Comptroller Scott M. Stringer. July 17, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210110100410/https://comptroller.nyc.gov/reports/service-denied-accessibility-and-the-new-york-city-subway-system/">Archived</a> from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved July 21, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+of+the+New+York+City+Comptroller+Scott+M.+Stringer&rft.atitle=Service+Denied%3A+Accessibility+and+the+New+York+City+Subway+System&rft.date=2018-07-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcomptroller.nyc.gov%2Freports%2Fservice-denied-accessibility-and-the-new-york-city-subway-system%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chang_2020_s188-181"><a href="#cite_ref-Chang_2020_s188_181-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChang2020" class="citation web cs1">Chang, Sophia (March 3, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gothamist.com/news/mtas-long-history-being-sued-over-subway-accessibility">"MTA's Long History Of Being Sued Over Subway Accessibility"</a>. Gothamist. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230727130922/https://gothamist.com/news/mtas-long-history-being-sued-over-subway-accessibility">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2023. Retrieved July 27, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gothamist&rft.atitle=MTA%27s+Long+History+Of+Being+Sued+Over+Subway+Accessibility&rft.date=2020-03-03&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Sophia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2Fnews%2Fmtas-long-history-being-sued-over-subway-accessibility&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejoekorner.com/carassignments/bmt-ind-2015-12-06.html">"BMT-IND Car Assignments – December 6, 2015"</a>. www.thejoekorner.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308150616/http://www.thejoekorner.com/carassignments/bmt-ind-2015-12-06.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved February 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thejoekorner.com&rft.atitle=BMT-IND+Car+Assignments+%E2%80%93+December+6%2C+2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejoekorner.com%2Fcarassignments%2Fbmt-ind-2015-12-06.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-184">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_184-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_184-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210817010043/http://www.thejoekorner.com/cars/carsrtyp.htm">"R-Type Cars 1932 to 1987"</a>. www.thejoekorner.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejoekorner.com/cars/carsrtyp.htm">the original</a> on August 17, 2021. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thejoekorner.com&rft.atitle=R-Type+Cars+1932+to+1987&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejoekorner.com%2Fcars%2Fcarsrtyp.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Second Avenue Subway">Second Avenue Subway</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/capital/sas_docs/sdeis.htm">Draft Environmental Impact Statement</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190419190922/http://web.mta.info/capital/sas_docs/sdeis.htm">Archived</a> April 19, 2019, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/capital/sas_docs/sdeis/glossary.pdf">"Glossary"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210226132855/http://web.mta.info/capital/sas_docs/sdeis/glossary.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on February 26, 2021. Retrieved July 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Glossary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fcapital%2Fsas_docs%2Fsdeis%2Fglossary.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100606141009/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/transportation/broadway_junction_pt3.pdf">"3.3.3 A, C (Fulton Street) Line Services and Structural Issues"</a> (PDF). New York: New York City Department of City Planning. 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www1.nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/transportation/broadway_junction_pt3.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on June 6, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=3.3.3+A%2C+C+%28Fulton+Street%29+Line+Services+and+Structural+Issues&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=New+York+City+Department+of+City+Planning&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww1.nyc.gov%2Fhtml%2Fdcp%2Fpdf%2Ftransportation%2Fbroadway_junction_pt3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.erictb.info/carhistory.html">"Car History"</a>. www.erictb.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220316051730/http://www.erictb.info/carhistory.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 16, 2022. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.erictb.info&rft.atitle=Car+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.erictb.info%2Fcarhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-joekorner-188"><a href="#cite_ref-joekorner_188-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210817010043/http://www.thejoekorner.com/cars/carsrtyp.htm">"R-Type Cars 1932 to 1987"</a>. thejoekorner.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejoekorner.com/cars/carsrtyp.htm">the original</a> on August 17, 2021. Retrieved February 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thejoekorner.com&rft.atitle=R-Type+Cars+1932+to+1987&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejoekorner.com%2Fcars%2Fcarsrtyp.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-NYCSPromiseInfo-Nov2005-189"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-NYCSPromiseInfo-Nov2005_189-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChan2005" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sewell_Chan" title="Sewell Chan">Chan, Sewell</a> (November 30, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/30/nyregion/30car.html">"New Subway Cars Promise All Kinds of Information"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230315015712/https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/30/nyregion/new-subway-cars-promise-all-kinds-of-information.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 15, 2023. Retrieved October 27, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Subway+Cars+Promise+All+Kinds+of+Information&rft.date=2005-11-30&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Sewell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F11%2F30%2Fnyregion%2F30car.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> *R142/A: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiegal2000" class="citation news cs1">Siegal, Nina (October 1, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/01/nyregion/neighborhood-report-new-york-underground-2-new-trains-subways-catch-them-if-you.html">"Neighborhood Report: New York Underground; 2 New Trains in the Subways: Catch Them if You Can"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160203195643/http://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/01/nyregion/neighborhood-report-new-york-underground-2-new-trains-subways-catch-them-if-you.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 3, 2016. Retrieved January 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Neighborhood+Report%3A+New+York+Underground%3B+2+New+Trains+in+the+Subways%3A+Catch+Them+if+You+Can&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.aulast=Siegal&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2000%2F10%2F01%2Fnyregion%2Fneighborhood-report-new-york-underground-2-new-trains-subways-catch-them-if-you.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> <ul><li>R143: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160220180307/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-99553181.html">"Kawasaki completes NYCT R143 order. (Market).(New York City Transit)(subway cars contract)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Railway_Age" title="Railway Age">Railway Age</a>. March 1, 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-99553181.html">the original</a> on February 20, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Railway+Age&rft.atitle=Kawasaki+completes+NYCT+R143+order.+%28Market%29.%28New+York+City+Transit%29%28subway+cars+contract%29&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1G1-99553181.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"></li> <li>R160: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLueck2006" class="citation news cs1">Lueck, Thomas J. (August 18, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/18/nyregion/18cars.html">"City Subways Put New Cars Into Service as a Test Run"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170510083752/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/18/nyregion/18cars.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 10, 2017. Retrieved January 24, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=City+Subways+Put+New+Cars+Into+Service+as+a+Test+Run&rft.date=2006-08-18&rft.aulast=Lueck&rft.aufirst=Thomas+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F08%2F18%2Fnyregion%2F18cars.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"></li> <li>R179: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarone2016" class="citation news cs1">Barone, Vincent (September 6, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amny.com/transit/new-mta-subway-cars-to-arrive-for-testing-will-replace-oldest-fleet-1.12276227">"New MTA subway cars to arrive for testing, will replace oldest fleet"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AM_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="AM New York">AM New York</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160907213219/http://www.amny.com/transit/new-mta-subway-cars-to-arrive-for-testing-will-replace-oldest-fleet-1.12276227">Archived</a> from the original on September 7, 2016. Retrieved September 8, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AM+New+York&rft.atitle=New+MTA+subway+cars+to+arrive+for+testing%2C+will+replace+oldest+fleet&rft.date=2016-09-06&rft.aulast=Barone&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fnew-mta-subway-cars-to-arrive-for-testing-will-replace-oldest-fleet-1.12276227&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"></li> <li>R188: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140515152907/http://www.mta.info/news/2013/11/18/new-subway-cars-being-put-test">"MTA | news | New Subway Cars Being Put to the Test"</a>. New.mta.info. November 18, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mta.info/news/2013/11/18/new-subway-cars-being-put-test">the original</a> on May 15, 2014. Retrieved August 24, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MTA+%26%23124%3B+news+%26%23124%3B+New+Subway+Cars+Being+Put+to+the+Test&rft.pub=New.mta.info&rft.date=2013-11-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mta.info%2Fnews%2F2013%2F11%2F18%2Fnew-subway-cars-being-put-test&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-MTA-R160-NTT-E-Dec2008-191">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-R160-NTT-E-Dec2008_191-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-R160-NTT-E-Dec2008_191-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211026212616/https://www.mta.info/press-release/nyc-transit/new-technology-train-rolled-out-morning-along-e-line">"New Technology Train Rolled Out This Morning Along the E Line"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. December 22, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mta.info/press-release/nyc-transit/new-technology-train-rolled-out-morning-along-e-line">the original</a> on October 26, 2021. Retrieved December 7, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Technology+Train+Rolled+Out+This+Morning+Along+the+E+Line&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2008-12-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mta.info%2Fpress-release%2Fnyc-transit%2Fnew-technology-train-rolled-out-morning-along-e-line&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYPress-NYCSNTTVoice-2003-192"><a href="#cite_ref-NYPress-NYCSNTTVoice-2003_192-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypress.com/the-voice-behind-the-closing-doors-would-like-to-clear-something-up/">"The voice behind the closing doors would like to clear something up"</a>. nypress.com. Straus News. March 18, 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180920112036/http://www.nypress.com/the-voice-behind-the-closing-doors-would-like-to-clear-something-up/">Archived</a> from the original on September 20, 2018. Retrieved December 7, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nypress.com&rft.atitle=The+voice+behind+the+closing+doors+would+like+to+clear+something+up.&rft.date=2003-03-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypress.com%2Fthe-voice-behind-the-closing-doors-would-like-to-clear-something-up%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-193">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:12_193-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_193-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_193-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_193-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/news/pdf/MTA%202017%20Final%20Proposed%20Budget%20November%20Financial%20Plan%202017-2020%20Volume%202.pdf">"MTA 2017 Final Proposed Budget November Financial Plan 2017–2020, Volume 2"</a> (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. November 16, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170517072012/http://web.mta.info/news/pdf/MTA%202017%20Final%20Proposed%20Budget%20November%20Financial%20Plan%202017-2020%20Volume%202.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on May 17, 2017. Retrieved November 17, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA+2017+Final+Proposed+Budget+November+Financial+Plan+2017%E2%80%932020%2C+Volume+2&rft.date=2016-11-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnews%2Fpdf%2FMTA%25202017%2520Final%2520Proposed%2520Budget%2520November%2520Financial%2520Plan%25202017-2020%2520Volume%25202.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-194">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_194-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_194-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/metrocard/mcgtreng.htm">"MTA/New York City Transit – Fares and MetroCard"</a>. web.mta.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150915224327/http://web.mta.info/metrocard/mcgtreng.htm">Archived</a> from the original on September 15, 2015. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA%2FNew+York+City+Transit+%E2%80%93+Fares+and+MetroCard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmetrocard%2Fmcgtreng.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHallum2020" class="citation web cs1">Hallum, Mark (August 12, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amny.com/transit/omny-payment-system-now-at-turnstiles-in-most-subway-stations-mta/">"OMNY payment system now at turnstiles in most subway stations: MTA"</a>. amNewYork. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200928095745/https://www.amny.com/transit/omny-payment-system-now-at-turnstiles-in-most-subway-stations-mta/">Archived</a> from the original on September 28, 2020. Retrieved September 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=amNewYork&rft.atitle=OMNY+payment+system+now+at+turnstiles+in+most+subway+stations%3A+MTA&rft.date=2020-08-12&rft.aulast=Hallum&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fomny-payment-system-now-at-turnstiles-in-most-subway-stations-mta%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MetroCard-196"><a href="#cite_ref-MetroCard_196-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/metrocard/mcgtreng.htm#unlimited">"MTA/New York City Transit – Fares and MetroCard"</a>. mta.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150915224327/http://web.mta.info/metrocard/mcgtreng.htm#unlimited">Archived</a> from the original on September 15, 2015. Retrieved April 10, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA%2FNew+York+City+Transit+%E2%80%93+Fares+and+MetroCard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmetrocard%2Fmcgtreng.htm%23unlimited&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/fare/rfindex.htm">"mta.info – Reduced-Fare"</a>. mta.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190506180414/http://web.mta.info/nyct/fare/rfindex.htm">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2019. Retrieved April 10, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=mta.info+%E2%80%93+Reduced-Fare&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Ffare%2Frfindex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> *<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1951/03/25/87191560.pdf">"New Home Ready for Transit Board"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. March 25, 1951. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220513041646/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1951/03/25/87191560.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false">Archived</a> from the original on May 13, 2022. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Home+Ready+for+Transit+Board&rft.date=1951-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1951%2F03%2F25%2F87191560.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1951/03/31/89787570.pdf">"City Board Rushes Move to New Site: Transportation Unit Receives U.S. Order to Vacate and Speeds to Brooklyn"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. March 31, 1951. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220513041704/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1951/03/31/89787570.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false">Archived</a> from the original on May 13, 2022. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=City+Board+Rushes+Move+to+New+Site%3A+Transportation+Unit+Receives+U.S.+Order+to+Vacate+and+Speeds+to+Brooklyn&rft.date=1951-03-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1951%2F03%2F31%2F89787570.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1951/04/03/81772365.pdf">"Transit Board Now In Its New Building"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. April 3, 1951. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Transit+Board+Now+In+Its+New+Building&rft.date=1951-04-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1951%2F04%2F03%2F81772365.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-utc20160212-199">^ <a href="#cite_ref-utc20160212_199-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-utc20160212_199-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung2016" class="citation news cs1">Young, Michelle (February 12, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://untappedcities.com/2016/02/12/the-mtas-special-armored-money-train-that-ran-from-1951-to-2006-in-nyc/">"The MTA's Special Armored Money Train that Ran from 1951 to 2006 in NYC"</a>. Untapped cities. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201109062120/https://untappedcities.com/2016/02/12/the-mtas-special-armored-money-train-that-ran-from-1951-to-2006-in-nyc/">Archived</a> from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Untapped+cities&rft.atitle=The+MTA%27s+Special+Armored+Money+Train+that+Ran+from+1951+to+2006+in+NYC&rft.date=2016-02-12&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funtappedcities.com%2F2016%2F02%2F12%2Fthe-mtas-special-armored-money-train-that-ran-from-1951-to-2006-in-nyc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Atlas-370JaySt-Nov2015-200">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Atlas-370JaySt-Nov2015_200-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atlas-370JaySt-Nov2015_200-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZimmerman2015" class="citation news cs1">Zimmerman, Alex (November 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/inside-the-brooklyn-building-that-held-the-subways-secrets">"Inside the Brooklyn Building that Held the Subway's Secrets"</a>. Atlas Obscura. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161018212605/http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/inside-the-brooklyn-building-that-held-the-subways-secrets">Archived</a> from the original on October 18, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atlas+Obscura&rft.atitle=Inside+the+Brooklyn+Building+that+Held+the+Subway%27s+Secrets&rft.date=2015-11-30&rft.aulast=Zimmerman&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atlasobscura.com%2Farticles%2Finside-the-brooklyn-building-that-held-the-subways-secrets&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChung2006" class="citation news cs1">Chung, Jen (January 16, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151204041531/http://gothamist.com/2006/01/16/money_train_ret.php">"Money Train Retires"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gothamist" title="Gothamist">Gothamist</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gothamist.com/2006/01/16/money_train_ret.php">the original</a> on December 4, 2015. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gothamist&rft.atitle=Money+Train+Retires&rft.date=2006-01-16&rft.aulast=Chung&rft.aufirst=Jen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2F2006%2F01%2F16%2Fmoney_train_ret.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFaison1993" class="citation news cs1">Faison, Seth (June 2, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE7DC143BF931A35755C0A965958260">"3,000 Subway Riders, Cards in Hand, Test New Fare System"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230805203830/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/02/nyregion/3000-subway-riders-cards-in-hand-test-new-fare-system.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2023. Retrieved April 25, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=3%2C000+Subway+Riders%2C+Cards+in+Hand%2C+Test+New+Fare+System&rft.date=1993-06-02&rft.aulast=Faison&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9F0CE7DC143BF931A35755C0A965958260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonohue2014" class="citation news cs1">Donohue, Pete (August 26, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/brooklyn/push-free-g-to-j-m-transfer-permanent-article-1.1917910">"With work on Greenpoint Tube set to end, advocates want free G-to-J/M transfer to be permanent"</a>. New York Daily News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220120034410/https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/brooklyn/push-free-g-to-j-m-transfer-permanent-article-1.1917910">Archived</a> from the original on January 20, 2022. Retrieved February 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=With+work+on+Greenpoint+Tube+set+to+end%2C+advocates+want+free+G-to-J%2FM+transfer+to+be+permanent&rft.date=2014-08-26&rft.aulast=Donohue&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fbrooklyn%2Fpush-free-g-to-j-m-transfer-permanent-article-1.1917910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/G_LineReview_7_10_13.pdf">"NYC Transit G Line Review"</a> (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. July 10, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191224164006/http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/G_LineReview_7_10_13.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on December 24, 2019. Retrieved February 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=NYC+Transit+G+Line+Review&rft.date=2013-07-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Fservice%2FG_LineReview_7_10_13.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewman1998" class="citation news cs1">Newman, Andy (July 3, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/07/03/nyregion/hop-on-hop-off-the-unlimited-metrocard-arrives.html">"Hop On, Hop Off: The Unlimited Metrocard Arrives"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220831233932/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/07/03/nyregion/hop-on-hop-off-the-unlimited-metrocard-arrives.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 31, 2022. Retrieved January 8, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hop+On%2C+Hop+Off%3A+The+Unlimited+Metrocard+Arrives&rft.date=1998-07-03&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F07%2F03%2Fnyregion%2Fhop-on-hop-off-the-unlimited-metrocard-arrives.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrachfeld2023" class="citation web cs1">Brachfeld, Ben (April 24, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amny.com/transit/omny-machines-rollout/">"OMNY machines rolling out at subway stations this summer as phase-out of MetroCard delayed indefinitely"</a>. amNewYork. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231010215307/https://www.amny.com/transit/omny-machines-rollout/">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2023. Retrieved July 27, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=amNewYork&rft.atitle=OMNY+machines+rolling+out+at+subway+stations+this+summer+as+phase-out+of+MetroCard+delayed+indefinitely&rft.date=2023-04-24&rft.aulast=Brachfeld&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fomny-machines-rollout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivoli2017" class="citation news cs1">Rivoli, Dan (October 23, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-approves-plan-scrap-metrocards-tap-payment-system-article-1.3584098">"MTA approves plan to scrap MetroCards for 'tap' payment system"</a>. NY Daily News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171024051957/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-approves-plan-scrap-metrocards-tap-payment-system-article-1.3584098">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2017. Retrieved October 24, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NY+Daily+News&rft.atitle=MTA+approves+plan+to+scrap+MetroCards+for+%27tap%27+payment+system&rft.date=2017-10-23&rft.aulast=Rivoli&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fmta-approves-plan-scrap-metrocards-tap-payment-system-article-1.3584098&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2a-208"><a href="#cite_ref-:2a_208-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarron2017" class="citation news cs1">Barron, James (October 23, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/23/nyregion/metrocard-subway-new-york.html">"New York to Replace MetroCard With Modern Way to Pay Transit Fares"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171023235701/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/23/nyregion/metrocard-subway-new-york.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 23, 2017. Retrieved October 24, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+York+to+Replace+MetroCard+With+Modern+Way+to+Pay+Transit+Fares&rft.date=2017-10-23&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Barron&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F10%2F23%2Fnyregion%2Fmetrocard-subway-new-york.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cbs20201231-209"><a href="#cite_ref-cbs20201231_209-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newyork.cbslocal.com/2020/12/31/omny-rollout/">"MTA: Every NYC Subway Station Now Equipped With OMNY Contactless Payment System"</a>. CBS New York – Breaking News, Sports, Weather, Traffic And The Best of NY. December 31, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210101010231/https://newyork.cbslocal.com/2020/12/31/omny-rollout/">Archived</a> from the original on January 1, 2021. Retrieved January 1, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+New+York+%E2%80%93+Breaking+News%2C+Sports%2C+Weather%2C+Traffic+And+The+Best+of+NY&rft.atitle=MTA%3A+Every+NYC+Subway+Station+Now+Equipped+With+OMNY+Contactless+Payment+System&rft.date=2020-12-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewyork.cbslocal.com%2F2020%2F12%2F31%2Fomny-rollout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChan2005" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sewell_Chan" title="Sewell Chan">Chan, Sewell</a> (January 14, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/14/nyregion/14subway.html">"Subways Run by Computers Start on L Line This Summer"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230805203829/https://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/14/nyregion/subways-run-by-computers-start-on-l-line-this-summer.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2023. Retrieved May 24, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Subways+Run+by+Computers+Start+on+L+Line+This+Summer&rft.date=2005-01-14&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Sewell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F01%2F14%2Fnyregion%2F14subway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/mta/pdf/CP/NeedsAssessment.pdf">"Twenty-Year Capital Needs Assessment"</a> (PDF). mta.info. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. August 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220904044032/http://web.mta.info/mta/pdf/CP/NeedsAssessment.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on September 4, 2022. Retrieved September 12, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=Twenty-Year+Capital+Needs+Assessment&rft.date=2009-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmta%2Fpdf%2FCP%2FNeedsAssessment.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/capital/sas_docs/feis/chapter02.pdf#page=4">"Chapter 2: Project Alternatives"</a> (PDF). mta.info. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. p. 4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181005164409/http://web.mta.info/capital/sas_docs/feis/chapter02.pdf#page=4">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on October 5, 2018. Retrieved September 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=Chapter+2%3A+Project+Alternatives&rft.pages=4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fcapital%2Fsas_docs%2Ffeis%2Fchapter02.pdf%23page%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newyork.cbslocal.com/2012/01/09/fastrack-repairs-mean-service-disruptions-on-4-5-and-6-subway/">"'FASTRACK' Repairs Mean Service Disruptions On 4, 5 And 6 Subway"</a>. CBS New York. January 1, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211124072228/https://newyork.cbslocal.com/2012/01/09/fastrack-repairs-mean-service-disruptions-on-4-5-and-6-subway/">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved September 8, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+New+York&rft.atitle=%27FASTRACK%27+Repairs+Mean+Service+Disruptions+On+4%2C+5+And+6+Subway&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewyork.cbslocal.com%2F2012%2F01%2F09%2Ffastrack-repairs-mean-service-disruptions-on-4-5-and-6-subway%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wnyc.org/story/284656-mta-fastrack-to-expand-to-beyond-manhattan/">"MTA Fastrack To Expand To Beyond Manhattan"</a>. WNYC. May 14, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170912014043/http://www.wnyc.org/story/284656-mta-fastrack-to-expand-to-beyond-manhattan/">Archived</a> from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved September 8, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WNYC&rft.atitle=MTA+Fastrack+To+Expand+To+Beyond+Manhattan&rft.date=2012-05-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wnyc.org%2Fstory%2F284656-mta-fastrack-to-expand-to-beyond-manhattan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivoli2016" class="citation web cs1">Rivoli, Dan (July 18, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/cuomo-unveils-new-designs-aimed-fix-mta-subway-crowding-article-1.2716100">"Cuomo unveils new designs aimed to fix MTA subway crowding"</a>. NY Daily News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160719134514/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/cuomo-unveils-new-designs-aimed-fix-mta-subway-crowding-article-1.2716100">Archived</a> from the original on July 19, 2016. Retrieved July 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NY+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Cuomo+unveils+new+designs+aimed+to+fix+MTA+subway+crowding&rft.date=2016-07-18&rft.aulast=Rivoli&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fcuomo-unveils-new-designs-aimed-fix-mta-subway-crowding-article-1.2716100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmidt2016" class="citation news cs1">Schmidt, Samantha (July 18, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/19/nyregion/cuomo-details-redesigned-subway-cars-and-major-station-renovations.html">"Cuomo Details Redesigned Subway Cars and Major Station Renovations"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160721011457/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/19/nyregion/cuomo-details-redesigned-subway-cars-and-major-station-renovations.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 21, 2016. Retrieved July 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Cuomo+Details+Redesigned+Subway+Cars+and+Major+Station+Renovations&rft.date=2016-07-18&rft.aulast=Schmidt&rft.aufirst=Samantha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F07%2F19%2Fnyregion%2Fcuomo-details-redesigned-subway-cars-and-major-station-renovations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/countdwn_clocks.htm">"Innovation"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714214034/http://web.mta.info/countdwn_clocks.htm">Archived</a> from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Innovation&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fcountdwn_clocks.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTangel2015" class="citation web cs1">Tangel, Andrew (October 28, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/mta-board-approves-26-billion-capital-spending-plan-1446052998">"More NYC Subway Countdown Clocks Won't Arrive Anytime Soon"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220904043958/https://www.wsj.com/articles/mta-board-approves-26-billion-capital-spending-plan-1446052998">Archived</a> from the original on September 4, 2022. Retrieved October 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=More+NYC+Subway+Countdown+Clocks+Won%27t+Arrive+Anytime+Soon&rft.date=2015-10-28&rft.aulast=Tangel&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fmta-board-approves-26-billion-capital-spending-plan-1446052998&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolfe2017" class="citation news cs1">Wolfe, Jonathan (August 7, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/07/nyregion/new-york-today-new-subway-clocks.html">"New York Today: New Subway Clocks"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170912015935/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/07/nyregion/new-york-today-new-subway-clocks.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved September 11, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+York+Today%3A+New+Subway+Clocks&rft.date=2017-08-07&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F08%2F07%2Fnyregion%2Fnew-york-today-new-subway-clocks.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170912012043/https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20110405/manhattan/new-help-point-intercoms-head-from-moma-subway">"New 'Help Point' Intercoms Head from MoMa to the Subway"</a>. DNAinfo. April 5, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20110405/manhattan/new-help-point-intercoms-head-from-moma-subway">the original</a> on September 12, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DNAinfo&rft.atitle=New+%27Help+Point%27+Intercoms+Head+from+MoMa+to+the+Subway&rft.date=2011-04-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnainfo.com%2Fnew-york%2F20110405%2Fmanhattan%2Fnew-help-point-intercoms-head-from-moma-subway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Smith_Insider_20161-221">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_Insider_20161_221-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_Insider_20161_221-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2016" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Dave (January 11, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessinsider.com/all-nyc-subway-stations-getting-wifi-2016-1">"All New York City subway stations will have WiFi by the end of this year"</a>. Business Insider. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170912055333/http://www.businessinsider.com/all-nyc-subway-stations-getting-wifi-2016-1">Archived</a> from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved September 11, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=All+New+York+City+subway+stations+will+have+WiFi+by+the+end+of+this+year&rft.date=2016-01-11&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fall-nyc-subway-stations-getting-wifi-2016-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNelson" class="citation web cs1">Nelson, Sarah. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160216232301/http://gothamist.com/2011/09/19/mta_unveils_new_touch-screen_playth.php">"MTA Unveils New "On The Go" Touch-Screen Plaything At Bowling Green Subway Station"</a>. Gothamist. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gothamist.com/2011/09/19/mta_unveils_new_touch-screen_playth.php">the original</a> on February 16, 2016. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gothamist&rft.atitle=MTA+Unveils+New+%22On+The+Go%22+Touch-Screen+Plaything+At+Bowling+Green+Subway+Station&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2F2011%2F09%2F19%2Fmta_unveils_new_touch-screen_playth.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/news/pdf/MTA%202017%20Final%20Proposed%20Budget%20November%20Financial%20Plan%202017-2020%20Volume%202.pdf">"MTA 2017 Final Proposed Budget November Financial Plan 2017–2020, Volume 2"</a> (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. November 16, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170517072012/http://web.mta.info/news/pdf/MTA%202017%20Final%20Proposed%20Budget%20November%20Financial%20Plan%202017-2020%20Volume%202.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on May 17, 2017. Retrieved November 17, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA+2017+Final+Proposed+Budget+November+Financial+Plan+2017%E2%80%932020%2C+Volume+2&rft.date=2016-11-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnews%2Fpdf%2FMTA%25202017%2520Final%2520Proposed%2520Budget%2520November%2520Financial%2520Plan%25202017-2020%2520Volume%25202.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarone2016" class="citation news cs1">Barone, Vincent (December 8, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amny.com/transit/wi-fi-in-underground-subway-stations-still-on-track-for-completion-source-says-1.12713110">"Source: MTA on track with subway station Wi-Fi goal"</a>. am New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161207174942/http://www.amny.com/transit/wi-fi-in-underground-subway-stations-still-on-track-for-completion-source-says-1.12713110">Archived</a> from the original on December 7, 2016. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=am+New+York&rft.atitle=Source%3A+MTA+on+track+with+subway+station+Wi-Fi+goal&rft.date=2016-12-08&rft.aulast=Barone&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fwi-fi-in-underground-subway-stations-still-on-track-for-completion-source-says-1.12713110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChan2006" class="citation news cs1">Chan, Sewell (January 31, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/31/nyregion/31fare.html">"A Test at 25 Stations Subway Riding Without the Swiping"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151023200233/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/31/nyregion/31fare.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 23, 2015. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Test+at+25+Stations+Subway+Riding+Without+the+Swiping&rft.date=2006-01-31&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Sewell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F01%2F31%2Fnyregion%2F31fare.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaminer2010" class="citation news cs1">Kaminer, Ariel (June 11, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/13/nyregion/13critic.html">"Testing PayPass on New York's Buses and Trains"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170109181702/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/13/nyregion/13critic.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 9, 2017. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Testing+PayPass+on+New+York%27s+Buses+and+Trains&rft.date=2010-06-11&rft.aulast=Kaminer&rft.aufirst=Ariel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2010%2F06%2F13%2Fnyregion%2F13critic.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivoliGregorian2016" class="citation news cs1">Rivoli, Dan; Gregorian, Dareh (April 12, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-takes-step-replacing-metrocard-article-1.2598346">"MTA to solicit proposals for 'New Fare Payment System,' taking first step in finding MetroCard replacement"</a>. New York Daily News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161201075727/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-takes-step-replacing-metrocard-article-1.2598346">Archived</a> from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=MTA+to+solicit+proposals+for+%27New+Fare+Payment+System%2C%27+taking+first+step+in+finding+MetroCard+replacement&rft.date=2016-04-12&rft.aulast=Rivoli&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.au=Gregorian%2C+Dareh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fmta-takes-step-replacing-metrocard-article-1.2598346&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMetropolitan_Transportation_Authority2015" class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a> (July 20, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211029/Mjx3S3UjmnA">CBTC: Communications-Based Train Control</a> (video). <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mjx3S3UjmnA">the original</a> on October 29, 2021. Retrieved April 30, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CBTC%3A+Communications-Based+Train+Control&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2015-07-20&rft.au=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DMjx3S3UjmnA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rpa-signals-229">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rpa-signals_229-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rpa-signals_229-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304091527/http://library.rpa.org/pdf/RPA-Moving-Forward.pdf">"Moving Forward: Accelerating the Transition to Communications-Based Train Control for New York City's Subways"</a> (PDF). rpa.org. <a href="/wiki/Regional_Plan_Association" title="Regional Plan Association">Regional Plan Association</a>. May 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.rpa.org/pdf/RPA-Moving-Forward.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved September 12, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rpa.org&rft.atitle=Moving+Forward%3A+Accelerating+the+Transition+to+Communications-Based+Train+Control+for+New+York+City%27s+Subways&rft.date=2014-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.rpa.org%2Fpdf%2FRPA-Moving-Forward.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:10-230">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:10_230-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_230-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_230-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_230-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSomers2015" class="citation web cs1">Somers, James (November 13, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/11/why-dont-we-know-where-all-the-trains-are/415152/">"Why New York Subway Lines Are Missing Countdown Clocks"</a>. The Atlantic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304100700/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/11/why-dont-we-know-where-all-the-trains-are/415152/">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved February 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Why+New+York+Subway+Lines+Are+Missing+Countdown+Clocks&rft.date=2015-11-13&rft.aulast=Somers&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Ftechnology%2Farchive%2F2015%2F11%2Fwhy-dont-we-know-where-all-the-trains-are%2F415152%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RPA-Moving_Forward-231"><a href="#cite_ref-RPA-Moving_Forward_231-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304091527/http://library.rpa.org/pdf/RPA-Moving-Forward.pdf">"Moving Forward Accelerating the Transition to Communications-Based Train Control for New York City's Subways"</a> (PDF). Regional Plan Association. May 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.rpa.org/pdf/RPA-Moving-Forward.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Moving+Forward+Accelerating+the+Transition+to+Communications-Based+Train+Control+for+New+York+City%27s+Subways&rft.pub=Regional+Plan+Association&rft.date=2014-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.rpa.org%2Fpdf%2FRPA-Moving-Forward.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejoekorner.com/out-the-front/index-signals.shtm">"The JoeKorNer – Looking out the Front – Signals"</a>. www.thejoekorner.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305025828/http://www.thejoekorner.com/out-the-front/index-signals.shtm">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved February 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thejoekorner.com&rft.atitle=The+JoeKorNer+%E2%80%93+Looking+out+the+Front+%E2%80%93+Signals&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejoekorner.com%2Fout-the-front%2Findex-signals.shtm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trip_Stop-233"><a href="#cite_ref-Trip_Stop_233-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Subway_Signals:_Train_Stops">"www.nycsubway.org: Subway Signals: Train Stops"</a>. www.nycsubway.org. October 21, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151019074025/http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Subway_Signals:_Train_Stops">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2015. Retrieved October 21, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nycsubway.org&rft.atitle=www.nycsubway.org%3A+Subway+Signals%3A+Train+Stops&rft.date=2015-10-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FSubway_Signals%3A_Train_Stops&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVantuono2009" class="citation web cs1">Vantuono, William C. (February 24, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160314063159/http://www.railwayage.com/index.php/communications/mta-l-line-trains-go-to-full-cbtc.html">"MTA L Line trains go to full CBTC"</a>. www.railwayage.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwayage.com/index.php/communications/mta-l-line-trains-go-to-full-cbtc.html">the original</a> on March 14, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.railwayage.com&rft.atitle=MTA+L+Line+trains+go+to+full+CBTC&rft.date=2009-02-24&rft.aulast=Vantuono&rft.aufirst=William+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwayage.com%2Findex.php%2Fcommunications%2Fmta-l-line-trains-go-to-full-cbtc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-neuman-May22-235"><a href="#cite_ref-neuman-May22_235-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeuman2007" class="citation news cs1">Neuman, William (May 22, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/22/nyregion/22subway.html">"For Less Crowding on L Train, Think 2010, Report Says"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131114004056/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/22/nyregion/22subway.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 14, 2013. Retrieved May 24, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=For+Less+Crowding+on+L+Train%2C+Think+2010%2C+Report+Says&rft.date=2007-05-22&rft.aulast=Neuman&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F05%2F22%2Fnyregion%2F22subway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-236"><a href="#cite_ref-236">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSzendeKomanoff2011" class="citation web cs1">Szende, Josef; Komanoff, Charles (October 13, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160215174144/http://www.streetsblog.org/2011/10/13/new-tech-promises-less-subway-crowding-if-albany-doesnt-beggar-the-mta/">"New Tech Promises Less Subway Crowding, If Albany Doesn't Beggar the MTA"</a>. Streetsblog New York City. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.streetsblog.org/2011/10/13/new-tech-promises-less-subway-crowding-if-albany-doesnt-beggar-the-mta/">the original</a> on February 15, 2016. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Streetsblog+New+York+City&rft.atitle=New+Tech+Promises+Less+Subway+Crowding%2C+If+Albany+Doesn%27t+Beggar+the+MTA&rft.date=2011-10-13&rft.aulast=Szende&rft.aufirst=Josef&rft.au=Komanoff%2C+Charles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.streetsblog.org%2F2011%2F10%2F13%2Fnew-tech-promises-less-subway-crowding-if-albany-doesnt-beggar-the-mta%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/mta/news/public/ppt/Accelerated%20Program%20Presentation%20for%20Boardjss2.ppt">"2008–2013 MTA Capital Program Accelerated Program Presentation to the Board"</a> (PPT). <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. February 27, 2008. pp. 15–16. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140815154617/http://web.mta.info/mta/news/public/ppt/Accelerated%20Program%20Presentation%20for%20Boardjss2.ppt">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2014. Retrieved February 28, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2008%E2%80%932013+MTA+Capital+Program+Accelerated+Program+Presentation+to+the+Board&rft.pages=15-16&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2008-02-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmta%2Fnews%2Fpublic%2Fppt%2FAccelerated%2520Program%2520Presentation%2520for%2520Boardjss2.ppt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MTA-CPOC-Nov2018-238">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-CPOC-Nov2018_238-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MTA-CPOC-Nov2018_238-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/mta/news/books/pdf/181113_1400_CPOC.pdf">"Capital Program Oversight Committee Meeting November 2018"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. November 13, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190717073555/http://web.mta.info/mta/news/books/pdf/181113_1400_CPOC.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on July 17, 2019. Retrieved April 20, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Capital+Program+Oversight+Committee+Meeting+November+2018&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2018-11-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmta%2Fnews%2Fbooks%2Fpdf%2F181113_1400_CPOC.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><a href="#cite_ref-239">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120302010603/http://mta.info/mta/pdf/2010-14questions_and_answers_v2.pdf">"MTA 2010–2014 Capital Program Questions and Answers"</a> (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mta.info/mta/pdf/2010-14questions_and_answers_v2.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on March 2, 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA+2010%E2%80%932014+Capital+Program+Questions+and+Answers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmta.info%2Fmta%2Fpdf%2F2010-14questions_and_answers_v2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-240"><a href="#cite_ref-240">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/mta/capital/pdf/TYN2015-2034.pdf">MTA Twenty-Year Capital Needs Assessment 2015–2034</a> (PDF) (Report). New York: Metropolitan Transportation Authority. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160329000909/http://web.mta.info/mta/capital/pdf/TYN2015-2034.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on March 29, 2016. Retrieved March 18, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=MTA+Twenty-Year+Capital+Needs+Assessment+2015%E2%80%932034&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmta%2Fcapital%2Fpdf%2FTYN2015-2034.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-241"><a href="#cite_ref-241">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/document/76706#page=91">"MTA 2022 Adopted Budget February Financial Plan 2022 – 2025 February 2022"</a>. mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. February 18, 2022. p. V-3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220714163139/https://new.mta.info/document/76706#page=91">Archived</a> from the original on July 14, 2022. Retrieved July 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA+2022+Adopted+Budget+February+Financial+Plan+2022+%E2%80%93+2025+February+2022&rft.pages=V-3&rft.date=2022-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fdocument%2F76706%23page%3D91&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-242"><a href="#cite_ref-242">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/document/99396">"Solicitation Title: S48019 Design-Build Services for Communication Based Train Control Fulton Line in Brooklyn"</a>. mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. November 9, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221109225248/https://new.mta.info/document/99396">Archived</a> from the original on November 9, 2022. Retrieved November 9, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=Solicitation+Title%3A+S48019+Design-Build+Services+for+Communication+Based+Train+Control+Fulton+Line+in+Brooklyn&rft.date=2022-11-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fdocument%2F99396&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-243">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_243-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_243-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_243-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_243-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2016/02/mta-one-day-625-delays.html">"How a Single Mechanical Failure Sparked 625 MTA Delays"</a>. Daily Intelligencer. February 23, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160301013939/http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2016/02/mta-one-day-625-delays.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 1, 2016. Retrieved February 29, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Intelligencer&rft.atitle=How+a+Single+Mechanical+Failure+Sparked+625+MTA+Delays&rft.date=2016-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnymag.com%2Fdaily%2Fintelligencer%2F2016%2F02%2Fmta-one-day-625-delays.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-244"><a href="#cite_ref-244">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParkinsonFisher1996" class="citation book cs1">Parkinson, Tom; Fisher, Ian (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NbYqQSQcE2MC">Rail Transit Capacity</a>. Transportation Research Board. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0309057189" title="Special:BookSources/978-0309057189"><bdi>978-0309057189</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rail+Transit+Capacity&rft.pub=Transportation+Research+Board&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0309057189&rft.aulast=Parkinson&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.au=Fisher%2C+Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNbYqQSQcE2MC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-245"><a href="#cite_ref-245">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerger2018" class="citation news cs1">Berger, Paul (March 29, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/new-transit-chief-says-signal-overhaul-could-be-completed-in-10-to-15-years-1522315801">"New York City Transit Chief: Subway Signal Overhaul Could Be Done in 10 to 15 Years"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180329222624/https://www.wsj.com/articles/new-transit-chief-says-signal-overhaul-could-be-completed-in-10-to-15-years-1522315801">Archived</a> from the original on March 29, 2018. Retrieved March 30, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=New+York+City+Transit+Chief%3A+Subway+Signal+Overhaul+Could+Be+Done+in+10+to+15+Years&rft.date=2018-03-29&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fnew-transit-chief-says-signal-overhaul-could-be-completed-in-10-to-15-years-1522315801&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-246"><a href="#cite_ref-246">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenberg2018" class="citation news cs1">Rosenberg, Zoe (March 29, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ny.curbed.com/2018/3/29/17176200/new-york-subway-signal-repairs-timeline">"NYC subway's aging signals could be fixed in 10–15 years, says transit head"</a>. Curbed NY. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180329191626/https://ny.curbed.com/2018/3/29/17176200/new-york-subway-signal-repairs-timeline">Archived</a> from the original on March 29, 2018. Retrieved March 30, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Curbed+NY&rft.atitle=NYC+subway%27s+aging+signals+could+be+fixed+in+10%E2%80%9315+years%2C+says+transit+head&rft.date=2018-03-29&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=Zoe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fny.curbed.com%2F2018%2F3%2F29%2F17176200%2Fnew-york-subway-signal-repairs-timeline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ats-247">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ats_247-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ats_247-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ats_247-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ats_247-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150312173309/http://www.mta.info/news/2012/12/28/know-you-go-mta-subway-time%E2%84%A2">"MTA | news | Know Before You Go with MTA Subway Time&#8482"</a>. Mta.info. December 28, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mta.info/news/2012/12/28/know-you-go-mta-subway-time%E2%84%A2">the original</a> on March 12, 2015. Retrieved April 11, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MTA+%26%23124%3B+news+%26%23124%3B+Know+Before+You+Go+with+MTA+Subway+Time%26%238482&rft.pub=Mta.info&rft.date=2012-12-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mta.info%2Fnews%2F2012%2F12%2F28%2Fknow-you-go-mta-subway-time%25E2%2584%25A2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Accidents-248">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Accidents_248-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Accidents_248-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycsubway.org/faq/accidents.html">"NYC Subway accidents"</a>. nycsubway.org. 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060812000408/http://www.nycsubway.org/faq/accidents.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 12, 2006. Retrieved December 12, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NYC+Subway+accidents&rft.pub=nycsubway.org&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Ffaq%2Faccidents.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-249"><a href="#cite_ref-249">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/11/04/97041214.pdf">"The Mayor to Begin B.R.T Inquiry Today"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. November 1, 1918. p. 24. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180918074559/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/11/04/97041214.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on September 18, 2018. Retrieved December 12, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Mayor+to+Begin+B.R.T+Inquiry+Today&rft.pages=24&rft.date=1918-11-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1918%2F11%2F04%2F97041214.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-250"><a href="#cite_ref-250">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaleaTracy,_MPiper,_T.M.Bucciarelli,_A.M.2009" class="citation web cs1">Galea, Sandro; Tracy, M; Piper, T.M.; Bucciarelli, A.M.; Tardiff, K.; Gershon, R; Vlahov, D (November 4, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apha.confex.com/apha/134am/techprogram/paper_133195.htm">"Epidemiology of suicide in the New York City subway system"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Public_Health_Association" title="American Public Health Association">American Public Health Association</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110811144641/http://apha.confex.com/apha/134am/techprogram/paper_133195.htm">Archived</a> from the original on August 11, 2011. Retrieved November 27, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Epidemiology+of+suicide+in+the+New+York+City+subway+system&rft.pub=American+Public+Health+Association&rft.date=2009-11-04&rft.aulast=Galea&rft.aufirst=Sandro&rft.au=Tracy%2C+M&rft.au=Piper%2C+T.M.&rft.au=Bucciarelli%2C+A.M.&rft.au=Tardiff%2C+K.&rft.au=Gershon%2C+R&rft.au=Vlahov%2C+D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapha.confex.com%2Fapha%2F134am%2Ftechprogram%2Fpaper_133195.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><a href="#cite_ref-251">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-subway-train-deaths-decrease-2013-mta-article-1.1562928">"Deaths by New York subway train strikes shrank slightly for 2013, MTA says"</a>. NY Daily News. December 31, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140414094337/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-subway-train-deaths-decrease-2013-mta-article-1.1562928">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NY+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Deaths+by+New+York+subway+train+strikes+shrank+slightly+for+2013%2C+MTA+says&rft.date=2013-12-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fnyc-subway-train-deaths-decrease-2013-mta-article-1.1562928&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-thestreet-252"><a href="#cite_ref-thestreet_252-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSozzi2014" class="citation web cs1">Sozzi, Brian (April 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thestreet.com/story/12670911/1/sozzi-the-boring-old-subway-is-now-digital-and-thats-pretty-awesome.html">"Sozzi: The Boring Old Subway is Now Digital, and That's Pretty Awesome"</a>. TheStreet. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150121174654/http://www.thestreet.com/story/12670911/1/sozzi-the-boring-old-subway-is-now-digital-and-thats-pretty-awesome.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 21, 2015. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheStreet&rft.atitle=Sozzi%3A+The+Boring+Old+Subway+is+Now+Digital%2C+and+That%27s+Pretty+Awesome&rft.date=2014-04-21&rft.aulast=Sozzi&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestreet.com%2Fstory%2F12670911%2F1%2Fsozzi-the-boring-old-subway-is-now-digital-and-thats-pretty-awesome.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><a href="#cite_ref-253">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonohhue,_Pete2014" class="citation web cs1">Donohhue, Pete (August 11, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-testing-systems-save-people-fall-subway-tracks-article-1.1898975">"MTA is testing sensors, video systems that would save people who fall on subway tracks"</a>. NY Daily News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140818043152/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-testing-systems-save-people-fall-subway-tracks-article-1.1898975">Archived</a> from the original on August 18, 2014. Retrieved August 18, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NY+Daily+News&rft.atitle=MTA+is+testing+sensors%2C+video+systems+that+would+save+people+who+fall+on+subway+tracks&rft.date=2014-08-11&rft.au=Donohhue%2C+Pete&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fmta-testing-systems-save-people-fall-subway-tracks-article-1.1898975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><a href="#cite_ref-254">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-tests-technology-save-fallen-straphangers-subway-trains-article-1.1545244">"MTA tests motion sensing lasers, thermal image cameras to save fallen straphangers from subway trains"</a>. NY Daily News. December 12, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140620075857/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-tests-technology-save-fallen-straphangers-subway-trains-article-1.1545244">Archived</a> from the original on June 20, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NY+Daily+News&rft.atitle=MTA+tests+motion+sensing+lasers%2C+thermal+image+cameras+to+save+fallen+straphangers+from+subway+trains&rft.date=2013-12-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fmta-tests-technology-save-fallen-straphangers-subway-trains-article-1.1545244&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><a href="#cite_ref-255">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeuman2007" class="citation news cs1">Neuman, William (April 5, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/05/nyregion/05doors.html">"2nd Ave. Subway Platforms May Get Glass Walls and Sliding Doors"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170422012313/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/05/nyregion/05doors.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 22, 2017. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=2nd+Ave.+Subway+Platforms+May+Get+Glass+Walls+and+Sliding+Doors&rft.date=2007-04-05&rft.aulast=Neuman&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F04%2F05%2Fnyregion%2F05doors.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><a href="#cite_ref-256">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarone2017" class="citation news cs1">Barone, Vin (October 24, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amny.com/transit/subway-platform-screen-doors-1.14605599">"Platform door pilot heads to L train station"</a>. am New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171025183635/https://www.amny.com/transit/subway-platform-screen-doors-1.14605599">Archived</a> from the original on October 25, 2017. Retrieved October 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=am+New+York&rft.atitle=Platform+door+pilot+heads+to+L+train+station&rft.date=2017-10-24&rft.aulast=Barone&rft.aufirst=Vin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fsubway-platform-screen-doors-1.14605599&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-257"><a href="#cite_ref-257">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerger2018" class="citation news cs1">Berger, Paul (June 26, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/mta-postpones-platform-safety-pilot-program-1530033174">"MTA Postpones Platform-Safety Pilot Program"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210110100427/https://www.wsj.com/articles/mta-postpones-platform-safety-pilot-program-1530033174">Archived</a> from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved June 26, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=MTA+Postpones+Platform-Safety+Pilot+Program&rft.date=2018-06-26&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fmta-postpones-platform-safety-pilot-program-1530033174&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-2022-02-23-258">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-2022-02-23_258-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt-2022-02-23_258-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGold2022" class="citation news cs1">Gold, Michael (February 23, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/23/nyregion/nyc-subway-barriers.html">"Subway Will Test Platform Doors at 3 Stations"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220223165102/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/23/nyregion/nyc-subway-barriers.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 23, 2022. Retrieved February 23, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Subway+Will+Test+Platform+Doors+at+3+Stations&rft.date=2022-02-23&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Gold&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F02%2F23%2Fnyregion%2Fnyc-subway-barriers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wsj.com-259">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wsj.com_259-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-wsj.com_259-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHonan2019" class="citation news cs1">Honan, Katie (April 22, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/subway-train-drags-woman-to-death-11555892150">"Subway Train Drags Woman to Death"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190429051835/https://www.wsj.com/articles/subway-train-drags-woman-to-death-11555892150">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2019. Retrieved April 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Subway+Train+Drags+Woman+to+Death&rft.date=2019-04-22&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft.aulast=Honan&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fsubway-train-drags-woman-to-death-11555892150&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-260"><a href="#cite_ref-260">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-crime/daily-news-analysis-reveals-crime-rankings-city-subway-system-article-1.1836918">"Safest and riskiest areas of New York's subway system revealed in Daily News investigation"</a>. New York Daily News. June 22, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160327120346/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-crime/daily-news-analysis-reveals-crime-rankings-city-subway-system-article-1.1836918">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2016. Retrieved March 18, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Safest+and+riskiest+areas+of+New+York%27s+subway+system+revealed+in+Daily+News+investigation&rft.date=2014-06-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fnyc-crime%2Fdaily-news-analysis-reveals-crime-rankings-city-subway-system-article-1.1836918&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-261"><a href="#cite_ref-auto_261-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211029/z8eoTCEn2bY">"If You See Something, Say Something – Subway – Spring 2011"</a>. MTA.info (YouTube). April 19, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z8eoTCEn2bY">the original</a> on October 29, 2021. Retrieved April 19, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MTA.info+%28YouTube%29&rft.atitle=If+You+See+Something%2C+Say+Something+%E2%80%93+Subway+%E2%80%93+Spring+2011&rft.date=2011-04-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dz8eoTCEn2bY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><a href="#cite_ref-262">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYakas" class="citation web cs1">Yakas, Ben. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303185223/http://gothamist.com/2016/01/30/nypd_reportedly_wants_to_ban_career.php">"NYPD Reportedly Wants To Ban "Career Criminals" From Subways"</a>. Gothamist. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gothamist.com/2016/01/30/nypd_reportedly_wants_to_ban_career.php">the original</a> on March 3, 2016. Retrieved March 18, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gothamist&rft.atitle=NYPD+Reportedly+Wants+To+Ban+%22Career+Criminals%22+From+Subways&rft.aulast=Yakas&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2F2016%2F01%2F30%2Fnypd_reportedly_wants_to_ban_career.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-City-263"><a href="#cite_ref-City_263-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCityNY1985" class="citation book cs1">City, Citizens Crime Commission of New York; NY, Regional Plan Association (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iGpPAAAAMAAJ">Downtown safety, security, and economic development: a joint report</a>. Downtown Research & Development Center. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0915910229" title="Special:BookSources/978-0915910229"><bdi>978-0915910229</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Downtown+safety%2C+security%2C+and+economic+development%3A+a+joint+report&rft.pub=Downtown+Research+%26+Development+Center&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0915910229&rft.aulast=City&rft.aufirst=Citizens+Crime+Commission+of+New+York&rft.au=NY%2C+Regional+Plan+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiGpPAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-264"><a href="#cite_ref-264">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolff1993" class="citation news cs1">Wolff, Craig (November 12, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/12/nyregion/subway-crime-declining-new-transit-figures-show.html">"Subway Crime Declining, New Transit Figures Show"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140429202619/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/12/nyregion/subway-crime-declining-new-transit-figures-show.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved November 26, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Subway+Crime+Declining%2C+New+Transit+Figures+Show&rft.date=1993-11-12&rft.aulast=Wolff&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F11%2F12%2Fnyregion%2Fsubway-crime-declining-new-transit-figures-show.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-265"><a href="#cite_ref-265">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110628221711/http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.c0935b9a57bb4ef3daf2f1c701c789a0/index.jsp?pageID=mayor_press_release&catID=1194&doc_name=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyc.gov%2Fhtml%2Fom%2Fhtml%2F2004b%2Fpr298-04.html&cc=unused1978&rc=1194&ndi=1">"Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg testifies before the Metropolitan Transportation Authority Board"</a> (Press release). New York: NYC Department of Records and Information Services. November 9, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.c0935b9a57bb4ef3daf2f1c701c789a0/index.jsp?pageID=mayor_press_release&catID=1194&doc_name=http://www.nyc.gov/html/om/html/2004b/pr298-04.html&cc=unused1978&rc=1194&ndi=1">the original</a> on June 28, 2011. Retrieved November 26, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mayor+Michael+R.+Bloomberg+testifies+before+the+Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority+Board&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=NYC+Department+of+Records+and+Information+Services&rft.date=2004-11-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyc.gov%2Fportal%2Fsite%2Fnycgov%2Fmenuitem.c0935b9a57bb4ef3daf2f1c701c789a0%2Findex.jsp%3FpageID%3Dmayor_press_release%26catID%3D1194%26doc_name%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyc.gov%2Fhtml%2Fom%2Fhtml%2F2004b%2Fpr298-04.html%26cc%3Dunused1978%26rc%3D1194%26ndi%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><a href="#cite_ref-266">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatkins2022" class="citation news cs1">Watkins, Ali (August 8, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/08/nyregion/subway-crime-ridership-nyc.html">"Along a Subway Line's 31 Miles, Nagging Crime Fears Test Riders' Resolve"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221019075843/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/08/nyregion/subway-crime-ridership-nyc.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2022. Retrieved October 19, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Along+a+Subway+Line%27s+31+Miles%2C+Nagging+Crime+Fears+Test+Riders%27+Resolve&rft.date=2022-08-08&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Watkins&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F08%2F08%2Fnyregion%2Fsubway-crime-ridership-nyc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NPR.org_2022-267"><a href="#cite_ref-NPR.org_2022_267-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGura2022" class="citation news cs1">Gura, David (August 14, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2022/08/14/1116495985/return-to-office-work-pandemic-crime-remote-work-public-safety-new-york-city-nyc">"A spate of horrific attacks in New York has people fearful of returning to work"</a>. NPR. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221019135219/https://www.npr.org/2022/08/14/1116495985/return-to-office-work-pandemic-crime-remote-work-public-safety-new-york-city-nyc">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2022. Retrieved October 19, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=A+spate+of+horrific+attacks+in+New+York+has+people+fearful+of+returning+to+work&rft.date=2022-08-14&rft.aulast=Gura&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2022%2F08%2F14%2F1116495985%2Freturn-to-office-work-pandemic-crime-remote-work-public-safety-new-york-city-nyc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guse_2022-268"><a href="#cite_ref-Guse_2022_268-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuse2022" class="citation news cs1">Guse, Clayton (January 22, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-crime/ny-subway-violent-crime-uptick-20220122-wb2wcqun7vgt5dlfafq2sbbvtu-story.html">"NYC ends 2021 with uptick in violent crime in subways – assault and homicide numbers not seen in 25 years"</a>. New York Daily News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221024213653/https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-crime/ny-subway-violent-crime-uptick-20220122-wb2wcqun7vgt5dlfafq2sbbvtu-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2022. Retrieved October 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=NYC+ends+2021+with+uptick+in+violent+crime+in+subways+%E2%80%93+assault+and+homicide+numbers+not+seen+in+25+years&rft.date=2022-01-22&rft.aulast=Guse&rft.aufirst=Clayton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fnyc-crime%2Fny-subway-violent-crime-uptick-20220122-wb2wcqun7vgt5dlfafq2sbbvtu-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-269"><a href="#cite_ref-269">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2022" class="citation news cs1">Miller, John (October 23, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/23/us/new-york-subway-crime-adams-miller/index.html">"New York subway crime: What is perception, what is real, and how to fix it"</a>. CNN. New York: Warner Bros. Discovery. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221024000552/https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/23/us/new-york-subway-crime-adams-miller/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2022. Retrieved October 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=New+York+subway+crime%3A+What+is+perception%2C+what+is+real%2C+and+how+to+fix+it&rft.date=2022-10-23&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2022%2F10%2F23%2Fus%2Fnew-york-subway-crime-adams-miller%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-270"><a href="#cite_ref-270">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzsimmons2022" class="citation news cs1">Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (October 23, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/22/nyregion/nyc-subway-police-combat-crime.html">"New York City Will Increase Police Presence in Subways to Combat Crime"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221024001450/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/22/nyregion/nyc-subway-police-combat-crime.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2022. Retrieved October 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+York+City+Will+Increase+Police+Presence+in+Subways+to+Combat+Crime&rft.date=2022-10-23&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Fitzsimmons&rft.aufirst=Emma+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F10%2F22%2Fnyregion%2Fnyc-subway-police-combat-crime.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chang_2022-271"><a href="#cite_ref-Chang_2022_271-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChang2022" class="citation web cs1">Chang, Sophia (April 12, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gothamist.com/news/nyc-subway-systems-history-as-a-rare-target-of-mass-violence">"NYC Subway system's history as a rare target of mass violence"</a>. Gothamist. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220412201610/https://gothamist.com/news/nyc-subway-systems-history-as-a-rare-target-of-mass-violence">Archived</a> from the original on April 12, 2022. Retrieved April 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gothamist&rft.atitle=NYC+Subway+system%27s+history+as+a+rare+target+of+mass+violence&rft.date=2022-04-12&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Sophia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2Fnews%2Fnyc-subway-systems-history-as-a-rare-target-of-mass-violence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-272"><a href="#cite_ref-272">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-au/news/other/four-injured-including-attacker-in-nyc-subway-bombing/vp-BBGCIWJ">"Four Injured, Including Attacker in NYC Subway Bombing"</a>. msn.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180721221808/https://www.msn.com/en-au/news/other/four-injured-including-attacker-in-nyc-subway-bombing/vp-BBGCIWJ">Archived</a> from the original on July 21, 2018. Retrieved April 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=msn.com&rft.atitle=Four+Injured%2C+Including+Attacker+in+NYC+Subway+Bombing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-au%2Fnews%2Fother%2Ffour-injured-including-attacker-in-nyc-subway-bombing%2Fvp-BBGCIWJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shapiro_Katersky_2022-273"><a href="#cite_ref-Shapiro_Katersky_2022_273-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShapiroKatersky2022" class="citation news cs1">Shapiro, Emily; Katersky, Aaron (April 12, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/multiple-shot-separate-incidents-involving-york-city-subway/story?id=84030707">"NYC subway shootings updates: Multiple shot, suspect at large"</a>. ABC News. New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220412140757/https://abcnews.go.com/US/multiple-shot-separate-incidents-involving-york-city-subway/story?id=84030707">Archived</a> from the original on April 12, 2022. Retrieved April 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=NYC+subway+shootings+updates%3A+Multiple+shot%2C+suspect+at+large&rft.date=2022-04-12&rft.aulast=Shapiro&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft.au=Katersky%2C+Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FUS%2Fmultiple-shot-separate-incidents-involving-york-city-subway%2Fstory%3Fid%3D84030707&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-274"><a href="#cite_ref-274">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050228050013/http://www.villagevoice.com/nyclife/0423%2Chaber%2C54075%2C15.html">"village voice > nyclife > Forbidden Photos, Anyone? by Matt Haber"</a>. February 28, 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.villagevoice.com/nyclife/0423,haber,54075,15.html">the original</a> on February 28, 2005. Retrieved March 18, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=village+voice+%3E+nyclife+%3E+Forbidden+Photos%2C+Anyone%3F+by+Matt+Haber&rft.date=2005-02-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.villagevoice.com%2Fnyclife%2F0423%2Chaber%2C54075%2C15.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-275"><a href="#cite_ref-275">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080420084907/http://gothamist.com/2004/11/30/threat_of_subway_photo_ban_riseth_again.php">"Threat Of Subway Photo Ban Riseth Again"</a>. Gothamist. November 30, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gothamist.com/2004/11/30/threat_of_subway_photo_ban_riseth_again.php">the original</a> on April 20, 2008. Retrieved July 7, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gothamist&rft.atitle=Threat+Of+Subway+Photo+Ban+Riseth+Again&rft.date=2004-11-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2F2004%2F11%2F30%2Fthreat_of_subway_photo_ban_riseth_again.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-276"><a href="#cite_ref-276">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKabak2010" class="citation web cs1">Kabak, Benjamin (February 10, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://secondavenuesagas.com/2010/02/10/unlawfuly-arrest-for-subway-photography-costs-city-30k/">"Unlawful arrest for subway photography costs city $30K"</a>. Second Ave. Sagas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151125060214/http://secondavenuesagas.com/2010/02/10/unlawfuly-arrest-for-subway-photography-costs-city-30k/">Archived</a> from the original on November 25, 2015. Retrieved November 24, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Second+Ave.+Sagas&rft.atitle=Unlawful+arrest+for+subway+photography+costs+city+%2430K&rft.date=2010-02-10&rft.aulast=Kabak&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsecondavenuesagas.com%2F2010%2F02%2F10%2Funlawfuly-arrest-for-subway-photography-costs-city-30k%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-277"><a href="#cite_ref-277">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_oItWZ7u21Rc/SvhNC98PJ0I/AAAAAAAAASs/TOJYqNO6a6g/s1600/NYPD+directive.jpg4-3-09">"Investigation of Individuals engaged in suspicious photography and video surveillance"</a>. New York City Police Department. April 3, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304211432/http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_oItWZ7u21Rc/SvhNC98PJ0I/AAAAAAAAASs/TOJYqNO6a6g/s1600/NYPD+directive.jpg4-3-09">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Investigation+of+Individuals+engaged+in+suspicious+photography+and+video+surveillance&rft.pub=New+York+City+Police+Department&rft.date=2009-04-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F1.bp.blogspot.com%2F_oItWZ7u21Rc%2FSvhNC98PJ0I%2FAAAAAAAAASs%2FTOJYqNO6a6g%2Fs1600%2FNYPD%2Bdirective.jpg4-3-09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-278"><a href="#cite_ref-278">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/document/36821">"Rules of Conduct Section 1050.9(c) Restricted areas and activities"</a> (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. April 5, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210606113024/https://new.mta.info/document/36821">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2021. Retrieved June 6, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rules+of+Conduct+Section+1050.9%28c%29+Restricted+areas+and+activities&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2021-04-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fdocument%2F36821&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-279"><a href="#cite_ref-279">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091101150005/http://www.aclu.org/police/searchseizure/20054prs20050804.html">"American Civil Liberties Union : NYCLU Sues New York City Over Subway Bag Search Policy"</a>. November 1, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aclu.org/police/searchseizure/20054prs20050804.html">the original</a> on November 1, 2009. Retrieved March 18, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+Civil+Liberties+Union+%3A+NYCLU+Sues+New+York+City+Over+Subway+Bag+Search+Policy&rft.date=2009-11-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aclu.org%2Fpolice%2Fsearchseizure%2F20054prs20050804.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-280"><a href="#cite_ref-280">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyclu.org/case/macwade-v-kelly-challenging-nypds-subway-bag-search-program">"MacWade v. Kelly (Challenging the NYPD's subway bag-search program)"</a>. New York Civil Liberties Union. July 6, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130611050342/http://www.nyclu.org/case/macwade-v-kelly-challenging-nypds-subway-bag-search-program">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2013. Retrieved November 24, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Civil+Liberties+Union&rft.atitle=MacWade+v.+Kelly+%28Challenging+the+NYPD%27s+subway+bag-search+program%29&rft.date=2007-07-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyclu.org%2Fcase%2Fmacwade-v-kelly-challenging-nypds-subway-bag-search-program&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-281"><a href="#cite_ref-281">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080509090800/http://www.railpace.com/hotnews/">"MTA NYC Transit Introduces New Hazmat Response Vehicle"</a>. April 11, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railpace.com/hotnews/">the original</a> on May 9, 2008. Retrieved April 14, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=MTA+NYC+Transit+Introduces+New+Hazmat+Response+Vehicle&rft.date=2008-04-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railpace.com%2Fhotnews%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-282"><a href="#cite_ref-282">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZraickJohnston2009" class="citation news cs1">Zraick, Karen; Johnston, David (September 15, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/16/nyregion/16terror.html">"Man in Queens Raids Denies Any Terrorist Link"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140306021256/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/16/nyregion/16terror.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2014. Retrieved January 30, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Man+in+Queens+Raids+Denies+Any+Terrorist+Link&rft.date=2009-09-15&rft.aulast=Zraick&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.au=Johnston%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F09%2F16%2Fnyregion%2F16terror.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-283"><a href="#cite_ref-283">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/n-y-c-bomb-plot-suspect-zazi-pleads-guilty-1.883116">"N.Y.C. bomb plot suspect Zazi pleads guilty"</a>. CBC. Associated Press News. February 20, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140203010356/http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/n-y-c-bomb-plot-suspect-zazi-pleads-guilty-1.883116">Archived</a> from the original on February 3, 2014. Retrieved January 30, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=N.Y.C.+bomb+plot+suspect+Zazi+pleads+guilty&rft.date=2010-02-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fn-y-c-bomb-plot-suspect-zazi-pleads-guilty-1.883116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-284"><a href="#cite_ref-284">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeuman2008" class="citation web cs1">Neuman, Sewell Chan and William (November 10, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/11/10/mta-faces-12-billion-deficit/?_r=0">"M.T.A. Faces $1.2 Billion Deficit"</a>. City Room. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210424180002/https://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/11/10/mta-faces-12-billion-deficit/?_r=0">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+Room&rft.atitle=M.T.A.+Faces+%241.2+Billion+Deficit&rft.date=2008-11-10&rft.aulast=Neuman&rft.aufirst=Sewell+Chan+and+William&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcityroom.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F11%2F10%2Fmta-faces-12-billion-deficit%2F%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-285"><a href="#cite_ref-285">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/straphangers-awake-fare-hiked-time-8-years-article-1.2159111">"City straphangers feel sting as fares hiked again"</a>. NY Daily News. March 23, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211124072644/https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/straphangers-awake-fare-hiked-time-8-years-article-1.2159111">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NY+Daily+News&rft.atitle=City+straphangers+feel+sting+as+fares+hiked+again&rft.date=2015-03-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fstraphangers-awake-fare-hiked-time-8-years-article-1.2159111&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MTA_2010-286"><a href="#cite_ref-MTA_2010_286-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/ServiceReduction/part1.htm">"MTA/New York City Transit – NYC Transit 2010 Service Reduction Proposals"</a>. MTA. March 19, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220406185727/http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/ServiceReduction/part1.htm">Archived</a> from the original on April 6, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MTA&rft.atitle=MTA%2FNew+York+City+Transit+%E2%80%93+NYC+Transit+2010+Service+Reduction+Proposals&rft.date=2010-03-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Fservice%2FServiceReduction%2Fpart1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-287"><a href="#cite_ref-287">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzsimmons2017" class="citation news cs1">Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (June 29, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/29/nyregion/cuomo-declares-a-state-of-emergency-for-the-subway.html">"Cuomo Declares a State of Emergency for New York City Subways"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211119105256/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/29/nyregion/cuomo-declares-a-state-of-emergency-for-the-subway.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 19, 2021. Retrieved July 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Cuomo+Declares+a+State+of+Emergency+for+New+York+City+Subways&rft.date=2017-06-29&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Fitzsimmons&rft.aufirst=Emma+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F06%2F29%2Fnyregion%2Fcuomo-declares-a-state-of-emergency-for-the-subway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:022-288">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:022_288-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:022_288-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:022_288-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantoraFitzsimmons2017" class="citation news cs1">Santora, Marc; Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (June 27, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/27/nyregion/subway-train-derails-in-manhattan.html">"Subway Derailment in Manhattan Injures Dozens"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211120094721/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/27/nyregion/subway-train-derails-in-manhattan.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 20, 2021. Retrieved July 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Subway+Derailment+in+Manhattan+Injures+Dozens&rft.date=2017-06-27&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Santora&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft.au=Fitzsimmons%2C+Emma+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F06%2F27%2Fnyregion%2Fsubway-train-derails-in-manhattan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1102-289">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1102_289-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1102_289-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzsimmons2017" class="citation news cs1">Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (July 21, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/21/nyregion/subway-derailment-brooklyn.html">"Subway Train Derails in Brooklyn, Disrupting Morning Commute"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210415133721/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/21/nyregion/subway-derailment-brooklyn.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2021. Retrieved July 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Subway+Train+Derails+in+Brooklyn%2C+Disrupting+Morning+Commute&rft.date=2017-07-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Fitzsimmons&rft.aufirst=Emma+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F07%2F21%2Fnyregion%2Fsubway-derailment-brooklyn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:262-290">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:262_290-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:262_290-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzsimmons2017" class="citation news cs1">Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (July 17, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/17/nyregion/subway-track-fire-sends-9-to-hospital-and-snarls-morning-commute.html">"Subway Track Fire Sends 9 to Hospital and Snarls Morning Commute"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210415135505/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/17/nyregion/subway-track-fire-sends-9-to-hospital-and-snarls-morning-commute.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2021. Retrieved July 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Subway+Track+Fire+Sends+9+to+Hospital+and+Snarls+Morning+Commute&rft.date=2017-07-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Fitzsimmons&rft.aufirst=Emma+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F07%2F17%2Fnyregion%2Fsubway-track-fire-sends-9-to-hospital-and-snarls-morning-commute.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-291"><a href="#cite_ref-291">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKirby2017" class="citation news cs1">Kirby, Jen (July 17, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/track-fire-disrupts-subway-service.html">"Track Fire Is the Latest Subway Disaster"</a>. Daily Intelligencer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170722070530/http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/track-fire-disrupts-subway-service.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 22, 2017. Retrieved July 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Intelligencer&rft.atitle=Track+Fire+Is+the+Latest+Subway+Disaster&rft.date=2017-07-17&rft.aulast=Kirby&rft.aufirst=Jen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnymag.com%2Fdaily%2Fintelligencer%2F2017%2F07%2Ftrack-fire-disrupts-subway-service.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-292"><a href="#cite_ref-292">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuoio2017" class="citation news cs1">Muoio, Danielle (July 16, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessinsider.com/new-york-subway-a-train-delay-trash-fire-2017-7">"These photos sum up just how bad New York's commuter nightmare has gotten"</a>. Business Insider. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210424161932/https://www.businessinsider.com/new-york-subway-a-train-delay-trash-fire-2017-7">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved July 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=These+photos+sum+up+just+how+bad+New+York%27s+commuter+nightmare+has+gotten&rft.date=2017-07-16&rft.aulast=Muoio&rft.aufirst=Danielle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fnew-york-subway-a-train-delay-trash-fire-2017-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NY120172-293"><a href="#cite_ref-NY120172_293-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170628092936/http://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/transit/2017/06/27/a-train-derailment-cause-mta.html">"MTA: Unsecure Rail Stored on Tracks Caused Harlem Subway Derailment"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NY1" title="NY1">NY1</a>. June 28, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/transit/2017/06/27/a-train-derailment-cause-mta.html">the original</a> on June 28, 2017. Retrieved June 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=MTA%3A+Unsecure+Rail+Stored+on+Tracks+Caused+Harlem+Subway+Derailment&rft.date=2017-06-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ny1.com%2Fnyc%2Fall-boroughs%2Ftransit%2F2017%2F06%2F27%2Fa-train-derailment-cause-mta.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-294"><a href="#cite_ref-294">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmstrongEltman2017" class="citation news cs1">Armstrong, Kiley; Eltman, Frank (June 28, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170628053715/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/mta-train-derailment-caused-by-improperly-secured-rail/2017/06/28/84743d9a-5bb8-11e7-aa69-3964a7d55207_story.html">"l Supervisors suspended amid NYC subway derailment probe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/mta-train-derailment-caused-by-improperly-secured-rail/2017/06/28/84743d9a-5bb8-11e7-aa69-3964a7d55207_story.html">the original</a> on June 28, 2017. Retrieved June 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=l+Supervisors+suspended+amid+NYC+subway+derailment+probe&rft.date=2017-06-28&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Kiley&rft.au=Eltman%2C+Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnational%2Fmta-train-derailment-caused-by-improperly-secured-rail%2F2017%2F06%2F28%2F84743d9a-5bb8-11e7-aa69-3964a7d55207_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Santora-295"><a href="#cite_ref-Santora_295-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantoraFerré-sadurní2017" class="citation news cs1">Santora, Marc; Ferré-sadurní, Luis (June 27, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/27/nyregion/subway-train-derails-in-manhattan.html">"Subway Derailment in Manhattan Injures Dozens"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211120094721/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/27/nyregion/subway-train-derails-in-manhattan.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 20, 2021. Retrieved June 27, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Subway+Derailment+in+Manhattan+Injures+Dozens&rft.date=2017-06-27&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Santora&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft.au=Ferr%C3%A9-sadurn%C3%AD%2C+Luis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F06%2F27%2Fnyregion%2Fsubway-train-derails-in-manhattan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Honan-296"><a href="#cite_ref-Honan_296-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHonan2017" class="citation web cs1">Honan, Katie (July 24, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170815063406/https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20170724/sheepshead-bay/q-train-brighton-beach-sheepshead-bay-derailment-cause-mta">"'Abnormal Condition' on Car Caused Q Train Derailment, MTA Official Says"</a>. DNAinfo New York. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20170724/sheepshead-bay/q-train-brighton-beach-sheepshead-bay-derailment-cause-mta">the original</a> on August 15, 2017. Retrieved July 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DNAinfo+New+York&rft.atitle=%27Abnormal+Condition%27+on+Car+Caused+Q+Train+Derailment%2C+MTA+Official+Says&rft.date=2017-07-24&rft.aulast=Honan&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnainfo.com%2Fnew-york%2F20170724%2Fsheepshead-bay%2Fq-train-brighton-beach-sheepshead-bay-derailment-cause-mta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cook-297"><a href="#cite_ref-Cook_297-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCook2017" class="citation news cs1">Cook, Lauren (July 24, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amny.com/transit/q-train-derailment-caused-by-improper-maintenance-resulting-in-abnormal-condition-on-car-mta-says-1.13820227">"Q train derailment caused by improper maintenance: MTA"</a>. am New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170725225329/http://www.amny.com/transit/q-train-derailment-caused-by-improper-maintenance-resulting-in-abnormal-condition-on-car-mta-says-1.13820227">Archived</a> from the original on July 25, 2017. Retrieved July 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=am+New+York&rft.atitle=Q+train+derailment+caused+by+improper+maintenance%3A+MTA&rft.date=2017-07-24&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fq-train-derailment-caused-by-improper-maintenance-resulting-in-abnormal-condition-on-car-mta-says-1.13820227&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-298"><a href="#cite_ref-298">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarron2017" class="citation news cs1">Barron, James (June 29, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/29/nyregion/mta-subway-contest-million-dollar-prize.html">"M.T.A. Asks Transit Fans, 'Who Wants to Be a Subway-Saving Millionaire?'"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210415141117/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/29/nyregion/mta-subway-contest-million-dollar-prize.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2021. Retrieved July 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=M.T.A.+Asks+Transit+Fans%2C+%27Who+Wants+to+Be+a+Subway-Saving+Millionaire%3F%27&rft.date=2017-06-29&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Barron&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F06%2F29%2Fnyregion%2Fmta-subway-contest-million-dollar-prize.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-299"><a href="#cite_ref-299">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGabrielliMcShane2017" class="citation news cs1">Gabrielli, Sarah; McShane, Larry (June 29, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-seeks-genius-fix-subways-1m-prize-article-1.3289143">"MTA seeks 'genius' to fix subways for $1M prize"</a>. NY Daily News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210424125645/https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mta-seeks-genius-fix-subways-1m-prize-article-1.3289143">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved July 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NY+Daily+News&rft.atitle=MTA+seeks+%27genius%27+to+fix+subways+for+%241M+prize&rft.date=2017-06-29&rft.aulast=Gabrielli&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.au=McShane%2C+Larry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fmta-seeks-genius-fix-subways-1m-prize-article-1.3289143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-300"><a href="#cite_ref-300">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzsimmons2017" class="citation news cs1">Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (July 25, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/25/nyregion/subway-rescue-plan-mta.html">"Rescue Plan to Improve Subways Includes Removing Seats"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210415133708/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/25/nyregion/subway-rescue-plan-mta.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2021. Retrieved July 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rescue+Plan+to+Improve+Subways+Includes+Removing+Seats&rft.date=2017-07-25&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Fitzsimmons&rft.aufirst=Emma+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F07%2F25%2Fnyregion%2Fsubway-rescue-plan-mta.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:422-301">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:422_301-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:422_301-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210424164852/https://www.mta.info/press-release/mta-headquarters/mta-chairman-joseph-lhota-unveils-new-york-city-subway-action-plan">"MTA | Press Release | MTA Headquarters | MTA Chairman Joseph Lhota Unveils New York City Subway Action Plan"</a>. www.mta.info. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mta.info/press-release/mta-headquarters/mta-chairman-joseph-lhota-unveils-new-york-city-subway-action-plan">the original</a> on April 24, 2021. Retrieved July 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA+%7C+Press+Release+%7C+MTA+Headquarters+%7C+MTA+Chairman+Joseph+Lhota+Unveils+New+York+City+Subway+Action+Plan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mta.info%2Fpress-release%2Fmta-headquarters%2Fmta-chairman-joseph-lhota-unveils-new-york-city-subway-action-plan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> <ul><li>See also: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210122212749/http://www.mtamovingforward.com/">"NYC Subway Action Plan"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mtamovingforward.com/">the original</a> on January 22, 2021. Retrieved July 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=NYC+Subway+Action+Plan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mtamovingforward.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-:322-302">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:322_302-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:322_302-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/Subway-Audit-State-of-Emergency-MTA-Plan-Modernize-Lhota-Cuomo-436541583.html">"MTA Chair Unveils $836 Million Subway Stabilization Plan"</a>. NBC New York. July 25, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190621025039/https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/Subway-Audit-State-of-Emergency-MTA-Plan-Modernize-Lhota-Cuomo-436541583.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 21, 2019. Retrieved July 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+New+York&rft.atitle=MTA+Chair+Unveils+%24836+Million+Subway+Stabilization+Plan&rft.date=2017-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnewyork.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2FSubway-Audit-State-of-Emergency-MTA-Plan-Modernize-Lhota-Cuomo-436541583.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:522-303">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:522_303-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:522_303-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark2017" class="citation news cs1">Clark, Dray (July 25, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abc7ny.com/traffic/mta-chairman-unveils-plan-to-fix-nyc-subway-system/2248102/">"MTA chairman unveils plan to fix NYC subway system"</a>. ABC7 New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210424184837/https://abc7ny.com/traffic/mta-chairman-unveils-plan-to-fix-nyc-subway-system/2248102/">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved July 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC7+New+York&rft.atitle=MTA+chairman+unveils+plan+to+fix+NYC+subway+system&rft.date=2017-07-25&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Dray&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fabc7ny.com%2Ftraffic%2Fmta-chairman-unveils-plan-to-fix-nyc-subway-system%2F2248102%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-304"><a href="#cite_ref-304">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVantuono2018" class="citation web cs1">Vantuono, William (March 12, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rtands.com/index.php/passenger/commuter-regional/mta-genius-transit-challenge-winners-announced.html">"MTA Genius Transit Challenge winners announced"</a>. Railway Track & Structures. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180315113548/http://www.rtands.com/index.php/passenger/commuter-regional/mta-genius-transit-challenge-winners-announced.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 15, 2018. Retrieved March 14, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Railway+Track+%26+Structures&rft.atitle=MTA+Genius+Transit+Challenge+winners+announced&rft.date=2018-03-12&rft.aulast=Vantuono&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rtands.com%2Findex.php%2Fpassenger%2Fcommuter-regional%2Fmta-genius-transit-challenge-winners-announced.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-305"><a href="#cite_ref-305">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStringer2017" class="citation report cs1">Stringer, Scott M. (October 1, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comptroller.nyc.gov/reports/the-economic-cost-of-subway-delays/">The Economic Cost of Subway Delays</a> (Report). New York: Office of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Comptroller" title="New York City Comptroller">New York City Comptroller</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210415020138/https://comptroller.nyc.gov/reports/the-economic-cost-of-subway-delays/">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+Economic+Cost+of+Subway+Delays&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Office+of+the+New+York+City+Comptroller&rft.date=2017-10-01&rft.aulast=Stringer&rft.aufirst=Scott+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcomptroller.nyc.gov%2Freports%2Fthe-economic-cost-of-subway-delays%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-306"><a href="#cite_ref-306">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenthalFitzsimmonsLaForgia2017" class="citation news cs1">Rosenthal, Brian M.; Fitzsimmons, Emma G.; LaForgia, Michael (November 18, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/18/nyregion/new-york-subway-system-failure-delays.html">"How Politics and Bad Decisions Starved New York's Subways"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210305191835/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/18/nyregion/new-york-subway-system-failure-delays.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2021. Retrieved November 18, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=How+Politics+and+Bad+Decisions+Starved+New+York%27s+Subways&rft.date=2017-11-18&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Rosenthal&rft.aufirst=Brian+M.&rft.au=Fitzsimmons%2C+Emma+G.&rft.au=LaForgia%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F11%2F18%2Fnyregion%2Fnew-york-subway-system-failure-delays.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-307"><a href="#cite_ref-307">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNessen2021" class="citation news cs1">Nessen, Stephen (July 9, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gothamist.com/news/mta-no-longer-state-emergency-cuomo-seeks-greater-control-top-positions">"MTA Is No Longer In A "State of Emergency," But Cuomo Seeks Greater Control Of Top Positions"</a>. Gothamist. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210718010221/https://gothamist.com/news/mta-no-longer-state-emergency-cuomo-seeks-greater-control-top-positions">Archived</a> from the original on July 18, 2021. Retrieved July 17, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gothamist&rft.atitle=MTA+Is+No+Longer+In+A+%22State+of+Emergency%2C%22+But+Cuomo+Seeks+Greater+Control+Of+Top+Positions&rft.date=2021-07-09&rft.aulast=Nessen&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2Fnews%2Fmta-no-longer-state-emergency-cuomo-seeks-greater-control-top-positions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-308"><a href="#cite_ref-308">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuggan2021" class="citation web cs1">Duggan, Kevin (October 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amny.com/transit/c-ya-later-one-fifth-of-c-train-trips-canceled-in-september-due-to-mta-crew-shortages/">"'C' you later! This subway line had one in five trips canceled last month"</a>. The Villager. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211020092105/https://www.amny.com/transit/c-ya-later-one-fifth-of-c-train-trips-canceled-in-september-due-to-mta-crew-shortages/">Archived</a> from the original on October 20, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Villager&rft.atitle=%27C%27+you+later%21+This+subway+line+had+one+in+five+trips+canceled+last+month&rft.date=2021-10-17&rft.aulast=Duggan&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fc-ya-later-one-fifth-of-c-train-trips-canceled-in-september-due-to-mta-crew-shortages%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-309"><a href="#cite_ref-309">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecity.nyc/2021/10/20/22737080/mta-spent-millions-on-cuomo-plan-subway-bus-delays">"How the MTA Spent Millions on a Cuomo Cost-Cutting Effort That Spurred a Worker Shortage"</a>. The City. October 20, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220725192445/https://www.thecity.nyc/2021/10/20/22737080/mta-spent-millions-on-cuomo-plan-subway-bus-delays">Archived</a> from the original on July 25, 2022. Retrieved July 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+City&rft.atitle=How+the+MTA+Spent+Millions+on+a+Cuomo+Cost-Cutting+Effort+That+Spurred+a+Worker+Shortage&rft.date=2021-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecity.nyc%2F2021%2F10%2F20%2F22737080%2Fmta-spent-millions-on-cuomo-plan-subway-bus-delays&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-NYCS-packed-2008-310">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-NYCS-packed-2008_310-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-NYCS-packed-2008_310-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeuman2007" class="citation news cs1">Neuman, William (June 26, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/26/nyregion/26mta.html">"Some Subways Found Packed Past Capacity"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120817095504/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/26/nyregion/26mta.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 17, 2012. Retrieved July 7, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Some+Subways+Found+Packed+Past+Capacity&rft.date=2007-06-26&rft.aulast=Neuman&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F06%2F26%2Fnyregion%2F26mta.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-311"><a href="#cite_ref-311">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140311180721/http://www.nyc.gov/html/brt/downloads/pdf/brt_phase2_appendix.pdf">Appendix A: Service Needs Assessment Methodology MTA New York City Transit New York City Department of Transportation April 2009</a> (PDF) (Report). New York: Department of Transportation. April 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyc.gov/html/brt/downloads/pdf/brt_phase2_appendix.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on March 11, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Appendix+A%3A+Service+Needs+Assessment+Methodology+MTA+New+York+City+Transit+New+York+City+Department+of+Transportation+April+2009&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Department+of+Transportation&rft.date=2009-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyc.gov%2Fhtml%2Fbrt%2Fdownloads%2Fpdf%2Fbrt_phase2_appendix.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-312"><a href="#cite_ref-312">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nymag.com/arts/all/approvalmatrix/approval-matrix-2013-4-22/">"The Approval Matrix, bottom left quadrant"</a>. New York. April 22, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191224163710/http://nymag.com/arts/all/approvalmatrix/approval-matrix-2013-4-22/">Archived</a> from the original on December 24, 2019. Retrieved February 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York&rft.atitle=The+Approval+Matrix%2C+bottom+left+quadrant&rft.date=2013-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnymag.com%2Farts%2Fall%2Fapprovalmatrix%2Fapproval-matrix-2013-4-22%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-313"><a href="#cite_ref-313">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarshbarger2015" class="citation news cs1">Harshbarger, Rebecca (September 21, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amny.com/transit/ridership-below-prediction-at-new-7-train-station-1.10874281">"Ridership below prediction at new 7 train station"</a>. AM New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923060115/http://www.amny.com/transit/ridership-below-prediction-at-new-7-train-station-1.10874281">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2015. Retrieved September 23, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AM+New+York&rft.atitle=Ridership+below+prediction+at+new+7+train+station&rft.date=2015-09-21&rft.aulast=Harshbarger&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fridership-below-prediction-at-new-7-train-station-1.10874281&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MTA-CBTC-July2015-314"><a href="#cite_ref-MTA-CBTC-July2015_314-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160728222048/http://www.mta.info/news-cbtc-new-york-city-transit-subway-l-7/2015/07/20/2058m-contracts-approved-install">"MTA – news – $205.8M in Contracts Approved to Install Communications-Based Train Control System"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. July 20, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mta.info/news-cbtc-new-york-city-transit-subway-l-7/2015/07/20/2058m-contracts-approved-install">the original</a> on July 28, 2016. Retrieved January 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MTA+%E2%80%93+news+%E2%80%93+%24205.8M+in+Contracts+Approved+to+Install+Communications-Based+Train+Control+System&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2015-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mta.info%2Fnews-cbtc-new-york-city-transit-subway-l-7%2F2015%2F07%2F20%2F2058m-contracts-approved-install&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brachfeld_2023-315"><a href="#cite_ref-Brachfeld_2023_315-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrachfeld2023" class="citation web cs1">Brachfeld, Ben (January 24, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amny.com/transit/grand-central-madison-finally-open-jan-25/">"FINALLY! Grand Central Madison station opens after decades of planning and construction"</a>. amNewYork. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230126164116/https://www.amny.com/transit/grand-central-madison-finally-open-jan-25/">Archived</a> from the original on January 26, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=amNewYork&rft.atitle=FINALLY%21+Grand+Central+Madison+station+opens+after+decades+of+planning+and+construction&rft.date=2023-01-24&rft.aulast=Brachfeld&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fgrand-central-madison-finally-open-jan-25%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-316"><a href="#cite_ref-316">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160215221222/http://www.tstc.org/bulletin/19970502/mtr12403.htm">"MTR 124, Whose Mega-Project ? – Planners Say LIRR-Grand Central Project Folly Without Better East Side Transit"</a>. www.tstc.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tstc.org/bulletin/19970502/mtr12403.htm">the original</a> on February 15, 2016. Retrieved February 9, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.tstc.org&rft.atitle=MTR+124%2C+Whose+Mega-Project+%3F+%E2%80%93+Planners+Say+LIRR-Grand+Central+Project+Folly+Without+Better+East+Side+Transit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tstc.org%2Fbulletin%2F19970502%2Fmtr12403.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-317"><a href="#cite_ref-317">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYates" class="citation news cs1">Yates, Laura. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101031214103/http://www.nysun.com/new-york/east-side-access-draws-opponents/8991/">"East Side Access Draws Opponents"</a>. New York: New York Sun. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nysun.com/new-york/east-side-access-draws-opponents/8991/">the original</a> on October 31, 2010. Retrieved April 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=East+Side+Access+Draws+Opponents&rft.aulast=Yates&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nysun.com%2Fnew-york%2Feast-side-access-draws-opponents%2F8991%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bonanos_2022_y888-318"><a href="#cite_ref-Bonanos_2022_y888_318-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonanos2022" class="citation web cs1">Bonanos, Christopher (September 16, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.curbed.com/2022/09/subway-crowding-return-empty-full-budget.html">"The Era of the Not-Too-Empty, Not-Too-Crowded Subway"</a>. Curbed. Retrieved October 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Curbed&rft.atitle=The+Era+of+the+Not-Too-Empty%2C+Not-Too-Crowded+Subway&rft.date=2022-09-16&rft.aulast=Bonanos&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.curbed.com%2F2022%2F09%2Fsubway-crowding-return-empty-full-budget.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-319">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_319-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_319-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_319-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_319-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzsimmons2016" class="citation news cs1">Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (May 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/04/nyregion/surge-in-ridership-pushes-new-york-subway-to-limit.html">"Surge in Ridership Pushes New York Subway to Limit"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved May 3, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Surge+in+Ridership+Pushes+New+York+Subway+to+Limit&rft.date=2016-05-03&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Fitzsimmons&rft.aufirst=Emma+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F05%2F04%2Fnyregion%2Fsurge-in-ridership-pushes-new-york-subway-to-limit.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brosnan_2022-320"><a href="#cite_ref-Brosnan_2022_320-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrosnan2022" class="citation news cs1">Brosnan, Erica (February 23, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2022/02/23/mta-to-launch-platform-barrier-pilot-program-at-3-stations">"MTA: Platform barrier pilot program to launch in three stations"</a>. NY1. New York: Charter Communications. Retrieved February 23, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NY1&rft.atitle=MTA%3A+Platform+barrier+pilot+program+to+launch+in+three+stations&rft.date=2022-02-23&rft.aulast=Brosnan&rft.aufirst=Erica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ny1.com%2Fnyc%2Fall-boroughs%2Fnews%2F2022%2F02%2F23%2Fmta-to-launch-platform-barrier-pilot-program-at-3-stations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-321"><a href="#cite_ref-321">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzsimmons2017" class="citation news cs1">Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (May 1, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/01/nyregion/new-york-subway-signals.html">"Key to Improving Subway Service in New York? Modern Signals"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved October 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Key+to+Improving+Subway+Service+in+New+York%3F+Modern+Signals&rft.date=2017-05-01&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Fitzsimmons&rft.aufirst=Emma+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F05%2F01%2Fnyregion%2Fnew-york-subway-signals.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-chan-January14-322"><a href="#cite_ref-chan-January14_322-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChan2005" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sewell_Chan" title="Sewell Chan">Chan, Sewell</a> (January 14, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/14/nyregion/14subway.html">"Subways Run by Computers Start on L Line This Summer"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved May 24, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Subways+Run+by+Computers+Start+on+L+Line+This+Summer&rft.date=2005-01-14&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Sewell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F01%2F14%2Fnyregion%2F14subway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-323"><a href="#cite_ref-323">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.streetsblog.org/2015/10/26/mta-service-bump-next-june-wont-keep-up-with-growth-in-subway-trips/">"MTA Service Bump Next June Won't Keep Up With Growth in Subway Trips"</a>. Streetsblog New York City. October 26, 2015. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Streetsblog+New+York+City&rft.atitle=MTA+Service+Bump+Next+June+Won%27t+Keep+Up+With+Growth+in+Subway+Trips&rft.date=2015-10-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.streetsblog.org%2F2015%2F10%2F26%2Fmta-service-bump-next-june-wont-keep-up-with-growth-in-subway-trips%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-324"><a href="#cite_ref-324">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitford" class="citation web cs1">Whitford, Emma. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160301162736/http://gothamist.com/2015/10/22/mta_subway_more.php">"MTA Announces More Frequent Service On 11 Subway Lines, Plus The Times Square Shuttle"</a>. Gothamist. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gothamist.com/2015/10/22/mta_subway_more.php">the original</a> on March 1, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gothamist&rft.atitle=MTA+Announces+More+Frequent+Service+On+11+Subway+Lines%2C+Plus+The+Times+Square+Shuttle&rft.aulast=Whitford&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2F2015%2F10%2F22%2Fmta_subway_more.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MTACapital-15-19-2015-325"><a href="#cite_ref-MTACapital-15-19-2015_325-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/capital/pdf/CapitalProgram2015-19_WEB%20v4%20FINAL_small.pdf">"MTA Capital Program 2015–2019"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">mta.info</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. October 28, 2015. Retrieved October 28, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA+Capital+Program+2015%E2%80%932019&rft.date=2015-10-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fcapital%2Fpdf%2FCapitalProgram2015-19_WEB%2520v4%2520FINAL_small.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MTA-CapitalOversight-Jan2016-326"><a href="#cite_ref-MTA-CapitalOversight-Jan2016_326-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160129071849/http://web.mta.info/mta/news/books/pdf/160125_1345_CPOC.pdf">"MTA Capital Program Oversight Committee Meeting: January 2016"</a> (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. January 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/mta/news/books/pdf/160125_1345_CPOC.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on January 29, 2016. Retrieved January 23, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA+Capital+Program+Oversight+Committee+Meeting%3A+January+2016&rft.date=2016-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmta%2Fnews%2Fbooks%2Fpdf%2F160125_1345_CPOC.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-327"><a href="#cite_ref-327">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citylab.com/commute/2016/02/nyc-finally-gets-on-board-with-the-subway-car-of-the-future-open-gangway/459300/">"NYC: Look Forward to Finally Riding the Subway Car of the Future"</a>. Bloomberg.com. February 2016. Retrieved February 29, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=NYC%3A+Look+Forward+to+Finally+Riding+the+Subway+Car+of+the+Future&rft.date=2016-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.citylab.com%2Fcommute%2F2016%2F02%2Fnyc-finally-gets-on-board-with-the-subway-car-of-the-future-open-gangway%2F459300%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-328"><a href="#cite_ref-328">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFmtainfo2015" class="citation cs2">mtainfo (November 16, 2015), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211029/Tlc9Q5MVZXw">Platform Controller Program</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tlc9Q5MVZXw">the original</a> on October 29, 2021, retrieved December 13, 2016</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Platform+Controller+Program&rft.date=2015-11-16&rft.au=mtainfo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DTlc9Q5MVZXw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-329"><a href="#cite_ref-329">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/YourRideMatters/platformControllers.htm">"Your Ride Matters Platform Controllers"</a>. web.mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2015. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.mta.info&rft.atitle=Your+Ride+Matters+Platform+Controllers&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Fservice%2FYourRideMatters%2FplatformControllers.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-330"><a href="#cite_ref-330">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/YourRideMatters/StrategiesforImprovingService.htm">"Your Ride Matters Working to Improve Your Ride"</a>. web.mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2015. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.mta.info&rft.atitle=Your+Ride+Matters+Working+to+Improve+Your+Ride&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Fservice%2FYourRideMatters%2FStrategiesforImprovingService.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:14-331">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:14_331-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_331-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarshbarger2015" class="citation web cs1">Harshbarger, Rebecca (May 18, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nypost.com/2015/05/18/mta-fights-overcrowding-by-getting-trains-out-of-stations-faster/">"MTA to fight overcrowding by getting trains out of stations faster"</a>. New York Post. Retrieved December 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Post&rft.atitle=MTA+to+fight+overcrowding+by+getting+trains+out+of+stations+faster&rft.date=2015-05-18&rft.aulast=Harshbarger&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnypost.com%2F2015%2F05%2F18%2Fmta-fights-overcrowding-by-getting-trains-out-of-stations-faster%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-332"><a href="#cite_ref-332">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/mta/budget/pdf/MTA%202017%20Budget%20and%202017-2020%20Financial%20Plan%20Adoption%20Materials.pdf">"MTA 2017 Budget and 2017–2020 Financial Plan Adoption Materials"</a> (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. December 12, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA+2017+Budget+and+2017%E2%80%932020+Financial+Plan+Adoption+Materials&rft.date=2016-12-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmta%2Fbudget%2Fpdf%2FMTA%25202017%2520Budget%2520and%25202017-2020%2520Financial%2520Plan%2520Adoption%2520Materials.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-333"><a href="#cite_ref-333">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivoli2017" class="citation web cs1">Rivoli, Dan (November 7, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/amp/new-york/mta-workers-iphones-riders-informed-delays-article-1.3617315">"MTA workers to get iPhones to keep riders informed during delays"</a>. New York Daily News. Retrieved November 8, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=MTA+workers+to+get+iPhones+to+keep+riders+informed+during+delays&rft.date=2017-11-07&rft.aulast=Rivoli&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Famp%2Fnew-york%2Fmta-workers-iphones-riders-informed-delays-article-1.3617315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-334"><a href="#cite_ref-334">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/YourRideMatters/StepAside.htm">"mta.info | Your Ride Matters"</a>. web.mta.info. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.mta.info&rft.atitle=mta.info+%7C+Your+Ride+Matters&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Fservice%2FYourRideMatters%2FStepAside.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-335"><a href="#cite_ref-335">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivoli,_Dan2015" class="citation web cs1">Rivoli, Dan (May 19, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amny.com/transit/nyc-subway-overcrowding-plan-to-be-tested-out-on-some-lines-1.10447588">"NYC subway overcrowding plan to be tested out on some lines"</a>. AM New York. Retrieved May 19, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AM+New+York&rft.atitle=NYC+subway+overcrowding+plan+to+be+tested+out+on+some+lines&rft.date=2015-05-19&rft.au=Rivoli%2C+Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fnyc-subway-overcrowding-plan-to-be-tested-out-on-some-lines-1.10447588&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scribd_2015-336"><a href="#cite_ref-Scribd_2015_336-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/265785364/Subway-Delay-Presentation">"Subway Delay Presentation"</a>. Scribd. May 18, 2015. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scribd&rft.atitle=Subway+Delay+Presentation&rft.date=2015-05-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdoc%2F265785364%2FSubway-Delay-Presentation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mancini_2010-337"><a href="#cite_ref-Mancini_2010_337-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMancini2010" class="citation web cs1">Mancini, John (October 2, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306201115/http://www.twcnews.com/archives/nyc/all-boroughs/2010/10/1/latest-rainstorm-no-match-for-city-s-subway-pumps-NYC_126428.old.html">"Search Results"</a>. TWC News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.twcnews.com/archives/nyc/all-boroughs/2010/10/1/latest-rainstorm-no-match-for-city-s-subway-pumps-NYC_126428.old.html">the original</a> on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TWC+News&rft.atitle=Search+Results&rft.date=2010-10-02&rft.aulast=Mancini&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.twcnews.com%2Farchives%2Fnyc%2Fall-boroughs%2F2010%2F10%2F1%2Flatest-rainstorm-no-match-for-city-s-subway-pumps-NYC_126428.old.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Subway_Flooding-338">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Subway_Flooding_338-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Subway_Flooding_338-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChan2007" class="citation web cs1">Chan, Sewell (August 8, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/08/08/why-do-the-subways-flood/">"Why the Subways Flood"</a>. City Room. Retrieved February 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+Room&rft.atitle=Why+the+Subways+Flood&rft.date=2007-08-08&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Sewell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcityroom.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F08%2F08%2Fwhy-do-the-subways-flood%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-flood_report-339"><a href="#cite_ref-flood_report_339-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071029025238/http://mta.info/mta/pdf/storm_report_2007.pdf">"August 8, 2007 Storm Report"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. September 20, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mta.info/mta/pdf/storm_report_2007.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on October 29, 2007. Retrieved October 27, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=August+8%2C+2007+Storm+Report&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2007-09-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmta.info%2Fmta%2Fpdf%2Fstorm_report_2007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-340"><a href="#cite_ref-340">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonohue2007" class="citation news cs1">Donohue, Pete (August 9, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930055635/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/2007/08/09/2007-08-09_its_transit_hell_from_heavens.html">"Downpour swamps subways, stranding thousands of riders"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_Daily_News" title="New York Daily News">New York Daily News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/news/2007/08/09/2007-08-09_its_transit_hell_from_heavens.html">the original</a> on September 30, 2007. Retrieved August 23, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Downpour+swamps+subways%2C+stranding+thousands+of+riders&rft.date=2007-08-09&rft.aulast=Donohue&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnews%2F2007%2F08%2F09%2F2007-08-09_its_transit_hell_from_heavens.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-341"><a href="#cite_ref-341">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyc.gov/html/misc/html/2007/mta_updates.html">"MTA Evening Update"</a>. www.nyc.gov. August 8, 2007. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nyc.gov&rft.atitle=MTA+Evening+Update&rft.date=2007-08-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyc.gov%2Fhtml%2Fmisc%2Fhtml%2F2007%2Fmta_updates.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-342"><a href="#cite_ref-342">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKriegsteinParisienneParnellTracy2021" class="citation web cs1">Kriegstein, Brittany; Parisienne, Theodore; Parnell, Wes; Tracy, Thomas; Gartland, Michael (September 2, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-crime/ny-hurricane-ida-rain-flooding-dead-20210902-moja6dep2renjlivacy3vyk6qi-story.html">"At least nine dead, including 2-year-old boy, after record rains from Hurricane Ida remnants flood NYC"</a>. New York Daily News. Retrieved September 2, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=At+least+nine+dead%2C+including+2-year-old+boy%2C+after+record+rains+from+Hurricane+Ida+remnants+flood+NYC&rft.date=2021-09-02&rft.aulast=Kriegstein&rft.aufirst=Brittany&rft.au=Parisienne%2C+Theodore&rft.au=Parnell%2C+Wes&rft.au=Tracy%2C+Thomas&rft.au=Gartland%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fnyc-crime%2Fny-hurricane-ida-rain-flooding-dead-20210902-moja6dep2renjlivacy3vyk6qi-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-343"><a href="#cite_ref-343">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunlap2008" class="citation news cs1">Dunlap, David W. (September 19, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/09/19/new-subway-grates-add-aesthetics-to-flood-protection/">"New Subway Grates Add Aesthetics to Flood Protection"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved October 7, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Subway+Grates+Add+Aesthetics+to+Flood+Protection&rft.date=2008-09-19&rft.aulast=Dunlap&rft.aufirst=David+W.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcityroom.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F09%2F19%2Fnew-subway-grates-add-aesthetics-to-flood-protection%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-344"><a href="#cite_ref-344">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee2008" class="citation news cs1">Lee, Jennifer (October 1, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/10/01/three-in-one-flood-protection-benches-and-bike-parking-in-a-new-design/">"Three in One – Flood Protection, Benches and Bike Parking"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved October 7, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Three+in+One+%E2%80%93+Flood+Protection%2C+Benches+and+Bike+Parking&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcityroom.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F10%2F01%2Fthree-in-one-flood-protection-benches-and-bike-parking-in-a-new-design%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-345"><a href="#cite_ref-345">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://secondavenuesagas.com/2010/04/16/new-raised-storm-grates-earn-architectural-praise/">"New raised storm grates earn architectural praise"</a>. Second Ave. Sagas. April 16, 2010. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Second+Ave.+Sagas&rft.atitle=New+raised+storm+grates+earn+architectural+praise&rft.date=2010-04-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsecondavenuesagas.com%2F2010%2F04%2F16%2Fnew-raised-storm-grates-earn-architectural-praise%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-346"><a href="#cite_ref-346">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoissoneault" class="citation web cs1">Boissoneault, Lorraine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weather.com/storms/hurricane/news/devastating-effects-water-how-superstorm-sandy-shut-down-subway-swamped-city">"Superstorm Sandy Anniversary – How the Subway Survived"</a>. The Weather Channel. Retrieved November 24, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Weather+Channel&rft.atitle=Superstorm+Sandy+Anniversary+%E2%80%93+How+the+Subway+Survived&rft.aulast=Boissoneault&rft.aufirst=Lorraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Fstorms%2Fhurricane%2Fnews%2Fdevastating-effects-water-how-superstorm-sandy-shut-down-subway-swamped-city&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-347">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:9_347-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_347-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCox" class="citation web cs1">Cox, Jeremiah. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160309082154/http://subwaynut.com/sandy/">"Hurricane Sandy: Effects on Subway & Rail Service"</a>. subwaynut.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://subwaynut.com/sandy/">the original</a> on March 9, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=subwaynut.com&rft.atitle=Hurricane+Sandy%3A+Effects+on+Subway+%26+Rail+Service&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Jeremiah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsubwaynut.com%2Fsandy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-348"><a href="#cite_ref-348">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160803224532/http://web.mta.info/sandy/nyct_girds.htm">"mta.info | Superstorm Sandy: One Year Later"</a>. web.mta.info. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/sandy/nyct_girds.htm">the original</a> on August 3, 2016. Retrieved July 23, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.mta.info&rft.atitle=mta.info+%7C+Superstorm+Sandy%3A+One+Year+Later&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fsandy%2Fnyct_girds.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NPR_2021_m246-349"><a href="#cite_ref-NPR_2021_m246_349-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2021/09/02/1021185475/climate-change-means-more-subway-flooding-worldwide-like-new-york-just-experienc">"NYC's Subway Flooding Isn't A Fluke. It's The Reality For Cities In A Warming World"</a>. NPR. September 2, 2021. Retrieved October 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=NYC%27s+Subway+Flooding+Isn%27t+A+Fluke.+It%27s+The+Reality+For+Cities+In+A+Warming+World&rft.date=2021-09-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2021%2F09%2F02%2F1021185475%2Fclimate-change-means-more-subway-flooding-worldwide-like-new-york-just-experienc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-350"><a href="#cite_ref-350">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLey2023" class="citation news cs1">Ley, Ana (September 29, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/29/nyregion/nyc-flood-mta-subway.html">"Rain Wreaks Havoc on New York's Mass Transit System"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved October 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rain+Wreaks+Havoc+on+New+York%27s+Mass+Transit+System&rft.date=2023-09-29&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Ley&rft.aufirst=Ana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2023%2F09%2F29%2Fnyregion%2Fnyc-flood-mta-subway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-351"><a href="#cite_ref-351">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amny.com/transit/a-look-back-at-the-1966-transit-strike-that-1-11302919/">"A look back at the 1966 transit strike that shut down NYC"</a>. amNewYork. January 7, 2016. Retrieved May 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=amNewYork&rft.atitle=A+look+back+at+the+1966+transit+strike+that+shut+down+NYC&rft.date=2016-01-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fa-look-back-at-the-1966-transit-strike-that-1-11302919%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-352"><a href="#cite_ref-352">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1980/04/13/114042458.pdf">"Transit System Rolls Amid Debate On Contract and Fate of 50 Fare; Fare Outlook Is Gloomy CITY TRANSIT ROLLS AS PACT IS DEBATED Union Is Deeply Divided Hearing on New Penalties Put Off Savings in 'Break' Time"</a> (PDF). The New York Times. April 13, 1980. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 11, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Transit+System+Rolls+Amid+Debate+On+Contract+and+Fate+of+50+Fare%3B+Fare+Outlook+Is+Gloomy+CITY+TRANSIT+ROLLS+AS+PACT+IS+DEBATED+Union+Is+Deeply+Divided+Hearing+on+New+Penalties+Put+Off+Savings+in+%27Break%27+Time&rft.date=1980-04-13&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1980%2F04%2F13%2F114042458.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-353"><a href="#cite_ref-353">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2005/US/12/23/nyc.transit/">"Buses, subways on the move again in New York – Dec 23, 2005"</a>. CNN. December 23, 2005. Retrieved May 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Buses%2C+subways+on+the+move+again+in+New+York+%E2%80%93+Dec+23%2C+2005&rft.date=2005-12-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2005%2FUS%2F12%2F23%2Fnyc.transit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-354"><a href="#cite_ref-354">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPressman2011" class="citation web cs1">Pressman, Gabe (November 8, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/when-the-lights-went-out-in-1965/1932524/">"Remembering When the Lights Went Out in 1965"</a>. NBC New York. Retrieved May 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+New+York&rft.atitle=Remembering+When+the+Lights+Went+Out+in+1965&rft.date=2011-11-08&rft.aulast=Pressman&rft.aufirst=Gabe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnewyork.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fwhen-the-lights-went-out-in-1965%2F1932524%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-355"><a href="#cite_ref-355">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorman2019" class="citation news cs1">Norman, Derek M. (July 14, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/14/nyregion/1977-blackout-photos.html">"The 1977 Blackout in New York City Happened Exactly 42 Years Ago"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved May 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+1977+Blackout+in+New+York+City+Happened+Exactly+42+Years+Ago&rft.date=2019-07-14&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Norman&rft.aufirst=Derek+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F07%2F14%2Fnyregion%2F1977-blackout-photos.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-356"><a href="#cite_ref-356">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott2003" class="citation news cs1">Scott, Janny (August 15, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/15/nyregion/the-blackout-of-2003-the-stranded-in-subways-in-traffic-in-elevators-all-stuck.html">"THE BLACKOUT OF 2003: THE STRANDED; In Subways, in Traffic In Elevators: All Stuck"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved May 8, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=THE+BLACKOUT+OF+2003%3A+THE+STRANDED%3B+In+Subways%2C+in+Traffic+In+Elevators%3A+All+Stuck&rft.date=2003-08-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Janny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2003%2F08%2F15%2Fnyregion%2Fthe-blackout-of-2003-the-stranded-in-subways-in-traffic-in-elevators-all-stuck.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-357"><a href="#cite_ref-357">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAaron_Feis,_Sabrina_FordJennifer_Fermino2011" class="citation news cs1">Aaron Feis, Sabrina Ford & Jennifer Fermino (August 27, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypost.com/p/news/local/mass_transit_shutdown_mode_ge2t81TM8fgggFhhBkbHoJ">"Hurricane Irene halts NY, NJ mass transit"</a>. The New York Post. News Corp. Retrieved August 28, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Post&rft.atitle=Hurricane+Irene+halts+NY%2C+NJ+mass+transit&rft.date=2011-08-27&rft.au=Aaron+Feis%2C+Sabrina+Ford&rft.au=Jennifer+Fermino&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypost.com%2Fp%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fmass_transit_shutdown_mode_ge2t81TM8fgggFhhBkbHoJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-358"><a href="#cite_ref-358">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190714090148/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/travel/nycs-subway-service-running-ok-monday-after-irene/2011/08/29/gIQA1NnInJ_story.html%3Fwpisrc%3Dnl_headlines">"NYC's subway service running OK Monday after Irene"</a>. The Washington Post. August 29, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/travel/nycs-subway-service-running-ok-monday-after-irene/2011/08/29/gIQA1NnInJ_story.html?wpisrc=nl_headlines">the original</a> on July 14, 2019. Retrieved August 29, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=NYC%27s+subway+service+running+OK+Monday+after+Irene&rft.date=2011-08-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flifestyle%2Ftravel%2Fnycs-subway-service-running-ok-monday-after-irene%2F2011%2F08%2F29%2FgIQA1NnInJ_story.html%3Fwpisrc%3Dnl_headlines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-359"><a href="#cite_ref-359">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark2011" class="citation news cs1">Clark, Roger (August 29, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121005120801/http://www.ny1.com/content/top_stories/145962/straphangers-have-relatively-easy-monday-morning-rush">"Straphangers Have Relatively Easy Monday Morning Rush"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NY1" title="NY1">NY1</a>. New York: Charter Communications. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ny1.com/content/top_stories/145962/straphangers-have-relatively-easy-monday-morning-rush">the original</a> on October 5, 2012. Retrieved August 30, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NY1&rft.atitle=Straphangers+Have+Relatively+Easy+Monday+Morning+Rush&rft.date=2011-08-29&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ny1.com%2Fcontent%2Ftop_stories%2F145962%2Fstraphangers-have-relatively-easy-monday-morning-rush&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-360"><a href="#cite_ref-360">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/28/mta-shutdown-hurricane-sandy-subway-cuomo_n_2034337.html">"MTA Shuts Down Sunday Night, As Hurricane Nears"</a>. Huffington Post. October 28, 2012. Retrieved February 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=MTA+Shuts+Down+Sunday+Night%2C+As+Hurricane+Nears&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2012%2F10%2F28%2Fmta-shutdown-hurricane-sandy-subway-cuomo_n_2034337.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-asandy-361"><a href="#cite_ref-asandy_361-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121111173605/http://www.mta.info/nyct/service/RebuildingRockawaysAfterHurricanSandy.htm">"Rebuilding the Rockaways After Hurricane Sandy"</a>. mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mta.info/nyct/service/RebuildingRockawaysAfterHurricanSandy.htm">the original</a> on November 11, 2012. Retrieved November 18, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=Rebuilding+the+Rockaways+After+Hurricane+Sandy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Fservice%2FRebuildingRockawaysAfterHurricanSandy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-362"><a href="#cite_ref-362">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newyork.cbslocal.com/2013/05/16/cuomo-mta-to-restore-a-train-subway-service-to-the-rockaways/">"Cuomo: MTA To Restore A Train Subway Service To The Rockaways"</a>. CBS News. New York. May 16, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Cuomo%3A+MTA+To+Restore+A+Train+Subway+Service+To+The+Rockaways&rft.date=2013-05-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewyork.cbslocal.com%2F2013%2F05%2F16%2Fcuomo-mta-to-restore-a-train-subway-service-to-the-rockaways%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-363"><a href="#cite_ref-363">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMTAInsider2012" class="citation web cs1">@MTAInsider (November 19, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/MTAInsider/status/270625005337993216">".@NYGovCuomo: Tomorrow at 4am, the MTA will begin providing a free subway shuttle between Far Rockaway & Beach 90th St. It's the #H train"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=.%40NYGovCuomo%3A+Tomorrow+at+4am%2C+the+MTA+will+begin+providing+a+free+subway+shuttle+between+Far+Rockaway+%26+Beach+90th+St.+It%27s+the+%23H+train.&rft.date=2012-11-19&rft.au=MTAInsider&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FMTAInsider%2Fstatus%2F270625005337993216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SandyRecoveryMap-364"><a href="#cite_ref-SandyRecoveryMap_364-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130123125002/http://alert.mta.info/sites/default/files/pdf/hurricane_recovery_map_bw_Nov_20_rock_shtl.pdf">"Hurricane Sandy Recovery Service As of November 20"</a> (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. November 20, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alert.mta.info/sites/default/files/pdf/hurricane_recovery_map_bw_Nov_20_rock_shtl.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on January 23, 2013. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hurricane+Sandy+Recovery+Service+As+of+November+20&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2012-11-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Falert.mta.info%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fpdf%2Fhurricane_recovery_map_bw_Nov_20_rock_shtl.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-365"><a href="#cite_ref-365">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121122162108/http://mta.info/news/stories/?story=878">"MTA News"</a>. mta.info. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mta.info/news/stories/?story=878">the original</a> on November 22, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmta.info%2Fnews%2Fstories%2F%3Fstory%3D878&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-366"><a href="#cite_ref-366">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mhJrrGNvcFk">Raw: Sandy Leaves NYC Subways Flooded</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mann_2013-367"><a href="#cite_ref-Mann_2013_367-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMann2013" class="citation web cs1">Mann, Ted (March 8, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323628804578346922530133006">"Downtown, Old Stop on Subway to Reopen"</a>. The Wall Street Journal & Company. New York. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal+%26+Company&rft.atitle=Downtown%2C+Old+Stop+on+Subway+to+Reopen&rft.date=2013-03-08&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10001424127887323628804578346922530133006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-368"><a href="#cite_ref-368">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlegenheimer2013" class="citation web cs1">Flegenheimer, Matt (March 8, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/03/08/old-subway-station-will-temporarily-replace-new-station-damaged-by-sandy/">"Storm Damage Prompts Return of Old Subway Stop"</a>. The New York Times. New York.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Storm+Damage+Prompts+Return+of+Old+Subway+Stop&rft.date=2013-03-08&rft.aulast=Flegenheimer&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcityroom.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F03%2F08%2Fold-subway-station-will-temporarily-replace-new-station-damaged-by-sandy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-369"><a href="#cite_ref-369">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/RestoringSouthFerryStation.htm">"mta.info – Restoring South Ferry Station"</a>. mta.info.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=mta.info+%E2%80%93+Restoring+South+Ferry+Station&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Fservice%2FRestoringSouthFerryStation.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-370"><a href="#cite_ref-370">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/SouthFerryStationReopenApril2013.htm">"mta.info – Old South Ferry Station to Reopen for Service"</a>. mta.info.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=mta.info+%E2%80%93+Old+South+Ferry+Station+to+Reopen+for+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Fservice%2FSouthFerryStationReopenApril2013.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bidprocessouthferry-371"><a href="#cite_ref-bidprocessouthferry_371-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonohue2014" class="citation news cs1">Donohue, Peter (December 8, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/194-million-contract-awarded-upgrade-south-ferry-station-article-1.2037938">"$194 million contract awarded to upgrade South Ferry subway station"</a>. Daily News. New York Daily News. Retrieved February 7, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+News&rft.atitle=%24194+million+contract+awarded+to+upgrade+South+Ferry+subway+station&rft.date=2014-12-08&rft.aulast=Donohue&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2F194-million-contract-awarded-upgrade-south-ferry-station-article-1.2037938&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-372"><a href="#cite_ref-372">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFurfaro2015" class="citation web cs1">Furfaro, Danielle (October 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nypost.com/2015/10/29/sandy-ravaged-subway-station-to-be-closed-for-nearly-a-year/">"Sandy-ravaged subway entrance to be closed 9 months"</a>. New York Post. Retrieved October 31, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Post&rft.atitle=Sandy-ravaged+subway+entrance+to+be+closed+9+months&rft.date=2015-10-29&rft.aulast=Furfaro&rft.aufirst=Danielle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnypost.com%2F2015%2F10%2F29%2Fsandy-ravaged-subway-station-to-be-closed-for-nearly-a-year%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-373"><a href="#cite_ref-373">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarc_Santora2015" class="citation news cs1">Marc Santora (January 26, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/27/nyregion/new-york-blizzard.html?_r=0">"Snowstorm Barrels Into Northeast; New York City Subways and Buses Are Halted"</a>. NY Times. Retrieved January 26, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NY+Times&rft.atitle=Snowstorm+Barrels+Into+Northeast%3B+New+York+City+Subways+and+Buses+Are+Halted&rft.date=2015-01-26&rft.au=Marc+Santora&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F01%2F27%2Fnyregion%2Fnew-york-blizzard.html%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-374"><a href="#cite_ref-374">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129020044/http://gothamist.com/2015/01/27/snowpe_back_to_work.php">"[Update] NYC Travel Ban Lifted, MTA Service Will Resume This Morning"</a>. Gothamist. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gothamist.com/2015/01/27/snowpe_back_to_work.php">the original</a> on January 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gothamist&rft.atitle=%5BUpdate%5D+NYC+Travel+Ban+Lifted%2C+MTA+Service+Will+Resume+This+Morning&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2F2015%2F01%2F27%2Fsnowpe_back_to_work.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-375"><a href="#cite_ref-375">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/blizzard-2015-travel-bans-lifted-snowfall-totals-fall/story?id=28505431">"Blizzard 2015: New England Gets Walloped by More Than 2 Feet of Snow"</a>. ABC News. January 28, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Blizzard+2015%3A+New+England+Gets+Walloped+by+More+Than+2+Feet+of+Snow&rft.date=2015-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FUS%2Fblizzard-2015-travel-bans-lifted-snowfall-totals-fall%2Fstory%3Fid%3D28505431&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-controversy-376"><a href="#cite_ref-controversy_376-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlegenheimer2015" class="citation news cs1">Flegenheimer, Matt (January 27, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nytimes.com/2015/01/28/nyregion/new-york-blizzard.html">"Leaders in New York and New Jersey Defend Shutdown for a Blizzard That Wasn't"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. New York. Retrieved January 28, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Leaders+in+New+York+and+New+Jersey+Defend+Shutdown+for+a+Blizzard+That+Wasn%27t&rft.date=2015-01-27&rft.aulast=Flegenheimer&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnytimes.com%2F2015%2F01%2F28%2Fnyregion%2Fnew-york-blizzard.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-377"><a href="#cite_ref-377">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDolceLamWiltgen" class="citation web cs1">Dolce, Chris; Lam, Linda; Wiltgen, Nick. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weather.com/storms/winter/news/winter-storm-juno-blizzard-boston-nyc-new-england">"Juno: Heavy Snow Continues in New England"</a>. New York: The Weather Channel. Retrieved January 28, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Juno%3A+Heavy+Snow+Continues+in+New+England&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=The+Weather+Channel&rft.aulast=Dolce&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.au=Lam%2C+Linda&rft.au=Wiltgen%2C+Nick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Fstorms%2Fwinter%2Fnews%2Fwinter-storm-juno-blizzard-boston-nyc-new-england&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-378"><a href="#cite_ref-378">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/map/9471">"Late Night Subway Service"</a> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>). <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. December 2020. Retrieved January 26, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Late+Night+Subway+Service&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft.date=2020-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fmap%2F9471&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-379"><a href="#cite_ref-379">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCoy2016" class="citation news cs1">McCoy, Kevin (January 23, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2016/01/23/winter-storn-jonas-shuts-down-nyc/79226352/">"NYC grinds to a halt amid deadly East Coast blizzard"</a>. USA Today. New York.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=NYC+grinds+to+a+halt+amid+deadly+East+Coast+blizzard&rft.date=2016-01-23&rft.aulast=McCoy&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2016%2F01%2F23%2Fwinter-storn-jonas-shuts-down-nyc%2F79226352%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-380"><a href="#cite_ref-380">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGardinerHonan2017" class="citation web cs1">Gardiner, Aidan; Honan, Katie (March 13, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170314154944/https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20170313/cobble-hill/snow-commute-subway-bus-de-blasio-ferry-lirr-metro-north-mta">"Above-Ground Subway Service Shuts Down at 4 a.m. Tuesday, Cuomo Says"</a>. DNAinfo New York. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20170313/cobble-hill/snow-commute-subway-bus-de-blasio-ferry-lirr-metro-north-mta">the original</a> on March 14, 2017. Retrieved March 14, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DNAinfo+New+York&rft.atitle=Above-Ground+Subway+Service+Shuts+Down+at+4+a.m.+Tuesday%2C+Cuomo+Says&rft.date=2017-03-13&rft.aulast=Gardiner&rft.aufirst=Aidan&rft.au=Honan%2C+Katie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnainfo.com%2Fnew-york%2F20170313%2Fcobble-hill%2Fsnow-commute-subway-bus-de-blasio-ferry-lirr-metro-north-mta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-381"><a href="#cite_ref-381">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTroutman2020" class="citation news cs1">Troutman, Matt (August 4, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patch.com/new-york/new-york-city/mta-suspends-outdoor-subway-service-over-isaias-high-winds">"MTA Suspends Outdoor Train Service Over Isaias High Winds"</a>. New York: Patch. Retrieved August 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=MTA+Suspends+Outdoor+Train+Service+Over+Isaias+High+Winds&rft.date=2020-08-04&rft.aulast=Troutman&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpatch.com%2Fnew-york%2Fnew-york-city%2Fmta-suspends-outdoor-subway-service-over-isaias-high-winds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-382"><a href="#cite_ref-382">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldbaum2020" class="citation news cs1">Goldbaum, Christina (April 30, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/30/nyregion/subway-close-cuomo-coronavirus.html">"N.Y.C.'s Subway, a 24/7 Mainstay, Will Close for Overnight Disinfection"</a>. The New York Times. New York. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved April 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=N.Y.C.%27s+Subway%2C+a+24%2F7+Mainstay%2C+Will+Close+for+Overnight+Disinfection&rft.date=2020-04-30&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Goldbaum&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F04%2F30%2Fnyregion%2Fsubway-close-cuomo-coronavirus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-383"><a href="#cite_ref-383">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/coronavirus">"MTA service during the coronavirus pandemic"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MTA+service+during+the+coronavirus+pandemic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.mta.info%2Fcoronavirus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-384"><a href="#cite_ref-384">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyer2020" class="citation news cs1">Meyer, David (May 6, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nypost.com/2020/05/06/why-nyc-ghost-trains-run-during-coronavirus-subway-shutdowns/">"Why 'ghost trains' still run during nightly coronavirus subway shutdowns"</a>. New York Post. New York: News Corp. Retrieved December 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Post&rft.atitle=Why+%27ghost+trains%27+still+run+during+nightly+coronavirus+subway+shutdowns&rft.date=2020-05-06&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnypost.com%2F2020%2F05%2F06%2Fwhy-nyc-ghost-trains-run-during-coronavirus-subway-shutdowns%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-385"><a href="#cite_ref-385">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldbaumRosenthal2021" class="citation news cs1">Goldbaum, Christina; Rosenthal, Brian M. (February 15, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/15/world/mta-subway-hours.html">"N.Y.C.'s Subway Will Run Longer Into Night Next Week"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved February 16, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=N.Y.C.%27s+Subway+Will+Run+Longer+Into+Night+Next+Week&rft.date=2021-02-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Goldbaum&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft.au=Rosenthal%2C+Brian+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F02%2F15%2Fworld%2Fmta-subway-hours.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-386"><a href="#cite_ref-386">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuse" class="citation news cs1">Guse, Clayton. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nydailynews.com/coronavirus/ny-covid-cuomo-subway-reopening-mta-overnight-20210215-pb3wpoi7bzfmdizfmloao4kqrq-story.html">"Overnight closure of NYC subway to scale back to 2 a.m. to 4 a.m. starting Feb. 22"</a>. New York Daily News. Retrieved February 16, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Overnight+closure+of+NYC+subway+to+scale+back+to+2+a.m.+to+4+a.m.+starting+Feb.+22&rft.aulast=Guse&rft.aufirst=Clayton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fcoronavirus%2Fny-covid-cuomo-subway-reopening-mta-overnight-20210215-pb3wpoi7bzfmdizfmloao4kqrq-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Slattery_Sommerfeldt_Guse_2021-387"><a href="#cite_ref-Slattery_Sommerfeldt_Guse_2021_387-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlatterySommerfeldtGuse2021" class="citation news cs1">Slattery, Denis; Sommerfeldt, Chris; Guse, Clayton (May 3, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/ny-nyc-mta-overnight-subway-service-returns-20210503-cmguz5wue5ehvnbpud7wlb4fx4-story.html">"MTA to restore NYC's 24-hour subway service on May 17"</a>. New York Daily News. Retrieved May 5, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=MTA+to+restore+NYC%27s+24-hour+subway+service+on+May+17&rft.date=2021-05-03&rft.aulast=Slattery&rft.aufirst=Denis&rft.au=Sommerfeldt%2C+Chris&rft.au=Guse%2C+Clayton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fny-nyc-mta-overnight-subway-service-returns-20210503-cmguz5wue5ehvnbpud7wlb4fx4-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-388"><a href="#cite_ref-388">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuFerré-Sadurní2021" class="citation news cs1">Hu, Winnie; Ferré-Sadurní, Luis (May 3, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/03/nyregion/nyc-reopening.html">"New York Region to Accelerate Reopening, Raising Hopes and Anxiety"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved May 5, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+York+Region+to+Accelerate+Reopening%2C+Raising+Hopes+and+Anxiety&rft.date=2021-05-03&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Winnie&rft.au=Ferr%C3%A9-Sadurn%C3%AD%2C+Luis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F05%2F03%2Fnyregion%2Fnyc-reopening.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-389"><a href="#cite_ref-389">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuSchweberPiccoli2021" class="citation news cs1">Hu, Winnie; Schweber, Nate; Piccoli, Sean (May 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/17/nyregion/nyc-subway-full-service-24-hours.html">"N.Y.C. Subway Returns to 24-Hour Service After More Than a Year"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved May 17, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=N.Y.C.+Subway+Returns+to+24-Hour+Service+After+More+Than+a+Year&rft.date=2021-05-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Winnie&rft.au=Schweber%2C+Nate&rft.au=Piccoli%2C+Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F05%2F17%2Fnyregion%2Fnyc-subway-full-service-24-hours.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-390"><a href="#cite_ref-390">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKabak2009" class="citation web cs1">Kabak, Benjamin (June 22, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://secondavenuesagas.com/2009/06/22/less-transit-money-leads-to-dirtier-stations/">"Less Transit money leads to dirtier stations"</a>. Second Ave. Sagas. Retrieved November 24, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Second+Ave.+Sagas&rft.atitle=Less+Transit+money+leads+to+dirtier+stations&rft.date=2009-06-22&rft.aulast=Kabak&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsecondavenuesagas.com%2F2009%2F06%2F22%2Fless-transit-money-leads-to-dirtier-stations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-391"><a href="#cite_ref-391">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKabak2010" class="citation web cs1">Kabak, Benjamin (September 30, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://secondavenuesagas.com/2010/09/30/abc-7-mta-cleaners-slacking-on-the-job/">"ABC 7: MTA cleaners slacking on the job"</a>. Second Ave. Sagas. Retrieved November 24, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Second+Ave.+Sagas&rft.atitle=ABC+7%3A+MTA+cleaners+slacking+on+the+job&rft.date=2010-09-30&rft.aulast=Kabak&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsecondavenuesagas.com%2F2010%2F09%2F30%2Fabc-7-mta-cleaners-slacking-on-the-job%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:17-392">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:17_392-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:17_392-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarone2017" class="citation news cs1">Barone, Vincent (March 28, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amny.com/transit/mta-ends-trash-can-removal-pilot-program-in-subway-stations-1.13330827">"MTA trashes pilot program that removed bins from stations"</a>. am New York. Retrieved April 2, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=am+New+York&rft.atitle=MTA+trashes+pilot+program+that+removed+bins+from+stations&rft.date=2017-03-28&rft.aulast=Barone&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fmta-ends-trash-can-removal-pilot-program-in-subway-stations-1.13330827&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-393"><a href="#cite_ref-393">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upi.com/Top_News/2009/03/24/NYC-takes-aim-at-subway-rats/UPI-79751237928283/">"NYC takes aim at subway rats"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_Press_International" title="United Press International">United Press International</a>. March 24, 2009. Retrieved June 27, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=United+Press+International&rft.atitle=NYC+takes+aim+at+subway+rats&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FTop_News%2F2009%2F03%2F24%2FNYC-takes-aim-at-subway-rats%2FUPI-79751237928283%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-394"><a href="#cite_ref-394">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsday.com/long-island/transportation/rats-rule-the-subway-rails-platforms-1.883713">Rats rule the subway rails, platforms"</a>, Matthew Sweeney, Newsday, August 13, 2008 </li> <li id="cite_note-395"><a href="#cite_ref-395">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeja2011" class="citation news cs1">Beja, Marc (September 8, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111128110652/http://www.amny.com/urbanite-1.812039/rat-bites-woman-in-subway-station-as-she-waits-for-train-1.3152338">"Rat bites woman in subway station as she waits for train"</a>. amNewYork. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amny.com/urbanite-1.812039/rat-bites-woman-in-subway-station-as-she-waits-for-train-1.3152338">the original</a> on November 28, 2011. Retrieved September 12, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=amNewYork&rft.atitle=Rat+bites+woman+in+subway+station+as+she+waits+for+train&rft.date=2011-09-08&rft.aulast=Beja&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Furbanite-1.812039%2Frat-bites-woman-in-subway-station-as-she-waits-for-train-1.3152338&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-396"><a href="#cite_ref-396">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100313194115/http://www.brooklyntoday.info/component/content/article/2-general-news/152-rats-in-subway-are-health-hazard-for-new-yorkers.html">"Rats in subway are health hazard for New Yorkers"</a>. Brooklyn Today – The Brooklyn News Network. January 12, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brooklyntoday.info:80/component/content/article/2-general-news/152-rats-in-subway-are-health-hazard-for-new-yorkers.html">the original</a> on March 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rats+in+subway+are+health+hazard+for+New+Yorkers&rft.pub=Brooklyn+Today+%E2%80%93+The+Brooklyn+News+Network&rft.date=2010-01-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brooklyntoday.info%3A80%2Fcomponent%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2-general-news%2F152-rats-in-subway-are-health-hazard-for-new-yorkers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-397"><a href="#cite_ref-397">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNamako2009" class="citation news cs1">Namako, Tom (March 24, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090727022513/http://www.nypost.com/seven/03242009/news/regionalnews/you_dirty_rats__new_traps_target_subway__161096.htm">"You Dirty Rats! New Traps Target Subway Vermin"</a>. New York Post. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypost.com/seven/03242009/news/regionalnews/you_dirty_rats__new_traps_target_subway__161096.htm">the original</a> on July 27, 2009. Retrieved June 27, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Post&rft.atitle=You+Dirty+Rats%21+New+Traps+Target+Subway+Vermin&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.aulast=Namako&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypost.com%2Fseven%2F03242009%2Fnews%2Fregionalnews%2Fyou_dirty_rats__new_traps_target_subway__161096.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-398"><a href="#cite_ref-398">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRedwine2011" class="citation news cs1">Redwine, Tina (October 5, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111008132358/http://www.ny1.com/content/news_beats/transit/148410/mta-to-launch-new-cleaning-initiative-to-combat-rat-infestations">"MTA To Launch New Cleaning Initiative To Combat Rat Infestations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NY1" title="NY1">NY1</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ny1.com/content/news_beats/transit/148410/mta-to-launch-new-cleaning-initiative-to-combat-rat-infestations">the original</a> on October 8, 2011. Retrieved October 5, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NY1&rft.atitle=MTA+To+Launch+New+Cleaning+Initiative+To+Combat+Rat+Infestations&rft.date=2011-10-05&rft.aulast=Redwine&rft.aufirst=Tina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ny1.com%2Fcontent%2Fnews_beats%2Ftransit%2F148410%2Fmta-to-launch-new-cleaning-initiative-to-combat-rat-infestations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-399"><a href="#cite_ref-399">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEpstein2011" class="citation news cs1">Epstein, Emily (October 24, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111027192558/http://www.metro.us/newyork/local/article/1005728--mta-removes-bins-hoping-to-reduce-trash">"MTA removes bins hoping to reduce trash"</a>. Metro. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metro.us/newyork/local/article/1005728--mta-removes-bins-hoping-to-reduce-trash">the original</a> on October 27, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metro&rft.atitle=MTA+removes+bins+hoping+to+reduce+trash&rft.date=2011-10-24&rft.aulast=Epstein&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metro.us%2Fnewyork%2Flocal%2Farticle%2F1005728--mta-removes-bins-hoping-to-reduce-trash&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto4-400">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto4_400-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto4_400-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160312011722/http://www.mta.info/news-trash-new-york-city-transit-subway/2015/08/06/mta-new-york-city-transit-trash-can-free-stations">"MTA | news | MTA New York City Transit: Trash Can Free Stations Pilot Yields Positive Results"</a>. www.mta.info. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mta.info/news-trash-new-york-city-transit-subway/2015/08/06/mta-new-york-city-transit-trash-can-free-stations">the original</a> on March 12, 2016. Retrieved March 11, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA+%7C+news+%7C+MTA+New+York+City+Transit%3A+Trash+Can+Free+Stations+Pilot+Yields+Positive+Results&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mta.info%2Fnews-trash-new-york-city-transit-subway%2F2015%2F08%2F06%2Fmta-new-york-city-transit-trash-can-free-stations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-401"><a href="#cite_ref-401">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amny.com/transit/mta-ends-trash-can-removal-pilot-program-in-subway-stations-1.13330827">"MTA trashes pilot program that removed bins from stations"</a>. am New York. March 28, 2017. Retrieved December 24, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=am+New+York&rft.atitle=MTA+trashes+pilot+program+that+removed+bins+from+stations&rft.date=2017-03-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amny.com%2Ftransit%2Fmta-ends-trash-can-removal-pilot-program-in-subway-stations-1.13330827&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-402"><a href="#cite_ref-402">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://247wallst.com/transportation/2016/03/10/new-york-city-has-dirtiest-subway-system/">"New York City Has Dirtiest Subway System"</a>. 247wallst.com. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=247wallst.com&rft.atitle=New+York+City+Has+Dirtiest+Subway+System&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F247wallst.com%2Ftransportation%2F2016%2F03%2F10%2Fnew-york-city-has-dirtiest-subway-system%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-403"><a href="#cite_ref-403">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181221134610/http://www.mta.info/press-release/nyc-transit/mta-launches-phase-2-operation-track-sweep-two-week-track-cleaning-blitz">"NYC Transit – MTA Launches Phase 2 of Operation Track Sweep: A Two-Week Track Cleaning Blitz"</a>. MTA. September 12, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mta.info/press-release/nyc-transit/mta-launches-phase-2-operation-track-sweep-two-week-track-cleaning-blitz">the original</a> on December 21, 2018. Retrieved December 21, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MTA&rft.atitle=NYC+Transit+%E2%80%93+MTA+Launches+Phase+2+of+Operation+Track+Sweep%3A+A+Two-Week+Track+Cleaning+Blitz&rft.date=2016-09-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mta.info%2Fpress-release%2Fnyc-transit%2Fmta-launches-phase-2-operation-track-sweep-two-week-track-cleaning-blitz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-404"><a href="#cite_ref-404">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2018/10/31/new-vacuum-trains-aim-to-suck-trash-in-its-tracks">"New Vacuum Trains Aim to Suck Trash Right in its Tracks"</a>. www.ny1.com. Retrieved December 21, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ny1.com&rft.atitle=New+Vacuum+Trains+Aim+to+Suck+Trash+Right+in+its+Tracks&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ny1.com%2Fnyc%2Fall-boroughs%2Fnews%2F2018%2F10%2F31%2Fnew-vacuum-trains-aim-to-suck-trash-in-its-tracks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-405"><a href="#cite_ref-405">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160808131947/http://www.mta.info/news-operation-track-sweep-new-york-city-transit-subway-tracks/2016/08/05/sustained-mta-effort-keep">"MTA | news | Sustained MTA Effort to Keep the Tracks Clean Includes Two-Week Track Cleaning Blitz at All 469 Subway Stations and New Cleaning Equipment"</a>. www.mta.info. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mta.info/news-operation-track-sweep-new-york-city-transit-subway-tracks/2016/08/05/sustained-mta-effort-keep">the original</a> on August 8, 2016. Retrieved August 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mta.info&rft.atitle=MTA+%7C+news+%7C+Sustained+MTA+Effort+to+Keep+the+Tracks+Clean+Includes+Two-Week+Track+Cleaning+Blitz+at+All+469+Subway+Stations+and+New+Cleaning+Equipment&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mta.info%2Fnews-operation-track-sweep-new-york-city-transit-subway-tracks%2F2016%2F08%2F05%2Fsustained-mta-effort-keep&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ScienceDaily_2016-406">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ScienceDaily_2016_406-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScienceDaily_2016_406-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScienceDaily_2016_406-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScienceDaily_2016_406-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScienceDaily_2016_406-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/10/061012185519.htm">"New York Subway Noise Levels Can Result In Hearing Loss For Daily Riders"</a>. ScienceDaily. March 25, 2016. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ScienceDaily&rft.atitle=New+York+Subway+Noise+Levels+Can+Result+In+Hearing+Loss+For+Daily+Riders&rft.date=2016-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2006%2F10%2F061012185519.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Internet_Archive_2010-407">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Internet_Archive_2010_407-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Internet_Archive_2010_407-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Internet_Archive_2010_407-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100624104046/http://www.mailman.columbia.edu/news/article?article=761">"Got Ear Plugs? You May Want to Sport Them on the Subway and Other.... – News – Mailman School of Public Health"</a>. Internet Archive. June 24, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mailman.columbia.edu/news/article?article=761">the original</a> on June 24, 2010. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Got+Ear+Plugs%3F+You+May+Want+to+Sport+Them+on+the+Subway+and+Other....+%E2%80%93+News+%E2%80%93+Mailman+School+of+Public+Health&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mailman.columbia.edu%2Fnews%2Farticle%3Farticle%3D761&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marshall_2016-408"><a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_2016_408-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshall2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Marshall, Aarian (June 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2016/06/get-ready-quieter-nyc-subway-stations-yes-possible/">"Get Ready for Quieter NYC Subway Stations (Yes, It's Possible)"</a>. WIRED. Retrieved June 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WIRED&rft.atitle=Get+Ready+for+Quieter+NYC+Subway+Stations+%28Yes%2C+It%27s+Possible%29&rft.date=2016-06-16&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Aarian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2F2016%2F06%2Fget-ready-quieter-nyc-subway-stations-yes-possible%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MTA-performance-409"><a href="#cite_ref-MTA-performance_409-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/nyct/rules/SubwayPerformerRules.htm">"Performer Rules"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>. Retrieved May 10, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Performer+Rules&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Transportation+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fnyct%2Frules%2FSubwayPerformerRules.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-410"><a href="#cite_ref-410">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/mta/aft/muny/">MTA's Arts for Transit's Music Under New York (MUNY) Section</a> MTA.info website. </li> <li id="cite_note-411"><a href="#cite_ref-411">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211029/9K5HpspsQcA">"2010 Music Under New York Auditions"</a>. MTA.info (YouTube). May 27, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9K5HpspsQcA">the original</a> on October 29, 2021. Retrieved May 29, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MTA.info+%28YouTube%29&rft.atitle=2010+Music+Under+New+York+Auditions&rft.date=2010-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D9K5HpspsQcA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-412"><a href="#cite_ref-412">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211029/zHbAGwoUIv0">"2011 Music Under New York Auditions"</a>. MTA.info (YouTube). May 27, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHbAGwoUIv0">the original</a> on October 29, 2021. Retrieved May 28, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MTA.info+%28YouTube%29&rft.atitle=2011+Music+Under+New+York+Auditions&rft.date=2011-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DzHbAGwoUIv0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-413"><a href="#cite_ref-413">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211029/zDHDbfddk44">"2012 Music Under New York Auditions"</a>. MTA.info (YouTube). May 16, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDHDbfddk44">the original</a> on October 29, 2021. Retrieved May 16, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MTA.info+%28YouTube%29&rft.atitle=2012+Music+Under+New+York+Auditions&rft.date=2012-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DzDHDbfddk44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-414"><a href="#cite_ref-414">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamey2015" class="citation news cs1">Ramey, Corinne (May 17, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/musicians-try-out-for-coveted-spots-to-play-in-the-subway-1431911156">"Musicians Try Out for Coveted Spots to Play in the Subway"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Musicians+Try+Out+for+Coveted+Spots+to+Play+in+the+Subway&rft.date=2015-05-17&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft.aulast=Ramey&rft.aufirst=Corinne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fmusicians-try-out-for-coveted-spots-to-play-in-the-subway-1431911156&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-415"><a href="#cite_ref-415">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/subways-nyc-iconic-beauty-queens-gallery-1.1311904">"Miss Subways through the years: The iconic NYC beauty queens then and now"</a>. NY Daily News. Retrieved February 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NY+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Miss+Subways+through+the+years%3A+The+iconic+NYC+beauty+queens+then+and+now&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fsubways-nyc-iconic-beauty-queens-gallery-1.1311904&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-416"><a href="#cite_ref-416">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBayen1976" class="citation news cs1">Bayen, Ann (March 29, 1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-MCAAAAMBAJ&q=on%20the%20town%20miss%20subway&pg=PA46">"Token Women"</a>. New York Magazine. p. 46.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Magazine&rft.atitle=Token+Women&rft.pages=46&rft.date=1976-03-29&rft.aulast=Bayen&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY-MCAAAAMBAJ%26q%3Don%2520the%2520town%2520miss%2520subway%26pg%3DPA46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-417"><a href="#cite_ref-417">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlein1993" class="citation news cs1">Klein, Alvin (June 6, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/06/nyregion/theater-on-the-town-in-revival-at-goodspeed-opera.html?scp=6&sq=miss%20subway%20on%20the%20town&st=cse">"'On the Town' in Revival at Goodspeed Opera"</a>. The New York Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27On+the+Town%27+in+Revival+at+Goodspeed+Opera&rft.date=1993-06-06&rft.aulast=Klein&rft.aufirst=Alvin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F06%2F06%2Fnyregion%2Ftheater-on-the-town-in-revival-at-goodspeed-opera.html%3Fscp%3D6%26sq%3Dmiss%2520subway%2520on%2520the%2520town%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-418"><a href="#cite_ref-418">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131026000826/http://gothamist.com/2004/10/26/ms_subway_2004_crowned.php">"Ms. Subway 2004 Crowned"</a>. Gothamist. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gothamist.com/2004/10/26/ms_subway_2004_crowned.php">the original</a> on October 26, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gothamist&rft.atitle=Ms.+Subway+2004+Crowned&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgothamist.com%2F2004%2F10%2F26%2Fms_subway_2004_crowned.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-419"><a href="#cite_ref-419">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19970614003443/http://www.mta.nyc.ny.us/mtacc/demo/doc205.htm">"Mets/Yankees Metrocard"</a>. June 14, 1997. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mta.nyc.ny.us/mtacc/demo/doc205.htm">the original</a> on June 14, 1997. Retrieved February 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mets%2FYankees+Metrocard&rft.date=1997-06-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mta.nyc.ny.us%2Fmtacc%2Fdemo%2Fdoc205.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-420"><a href="#cite_ref-420">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mta.info/mta/news/releases/?en=081125-NYCT188">"Press Releases"</a>. mta.info. May 19, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mta.info&rft.atitle=Press+Releases&rft.date=2023-05-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mta.info%2Fmta%2Fnews%2Freleases%2F%3Fen%3D081125-NYCT188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-421"><a href="#cite_ref-421">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/11/28/mta-adds-nostalgia-train-_n_1116571.html">"Watch: MTA Adds A Dose Of 'Nostalgia' With Vintage Trains"</a>. Huffington Post. November 28, 2011. Retrieved February 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Watch%3A+MTA+Adds+A+Dose+Of+%27Nostalgia%27+With+Vintage+Trains&rft.date=2011-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2011%2F11%2F28%2Fmta-adds-nostalgia-train-_n_1116571.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-422"><a href="#cite_ref-422">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metro.us/things-to-do/new-york/holiday-train-mta-nostalgia-subway-buses-2017">"Ride into the past with the MTA Holiday Nostalgia Train"</a>. Metro US. November 20, 2017. Retrieved December 22, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metro+US&rft.atitle=Ride+into+the+past+with+the+MTA+Holiday+Nostalgia+Train&rft.date=2017-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metro.us%2Fthings-to-do%2Fnew-york%2Fholiday-train-mta-nostalgia-subway-buses-2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-423"><a href="#cite_ref-423">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forgotten-ny.com/2011/12/holiday-subway/">"Holiday Subway"</a>. forgotten-ny.com. Forgotten New York. December 19, 2011. Retrieved March 25, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=forgotten-ny.com&rft.atitle=Holiday+Subway&rft.date=2011-12-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforgotten-ny.com%2F2011%2F12%2Fholiday-subway%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-424"><a href="#cite_ref-424">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://untappedcities.com/2014/03/11/untapped-mailbag-advertising-takeovers-on-the-shuttle-to-times-square/">"Untapped Mailbag: Advertising Takeovers on the Shuttle to Times Square"</a>. Untapped Cities. March 11, 2014. Retrieved May 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Untapped+Cities&rft.atitle=Untapped+Mailbag%3A+Advertising+Takeovers+on+the+Shuttle+to+Times+Square&rft.date=2014-03-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funtappedcities.com%2F2014%2F03%2F11%2Funtapped-mailbag-advertising-takeovers-on-the-shuttle-to-times-square%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-425"><a href="#cite_ref-425">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee2008" class="citation news cs1">Lee, Jennifer (October 2, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/10/02/a-full-body-wrap-for-times-sq-shuttle/">"A 'Full Body Wrap' for Times Sq. Shuttle"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved January 15, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+%27Full+Body+Wrap%27+for+Times+Sq.+Shuttle&rft.date=2008-10-02&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcityroom.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F10%2F02%2Fa-full-body-wrap-for-times-sq-shuttle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-426"><a href="#cite_ref-426">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/nov/25/nazi-inspired-ads-for-the-man-in-the-high-castle-pulled-from-new-york-subway">"Nazi-inspired ads for The Man in the High Castle pulled from New York subway"</a>. The Guardian. Reuters. November 25, 2015. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. Retrieved October 4, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Nazi-inspired+ads+for+The+Man+in+the+High+Castle+pulled+from+New+York+subway&rft.date=2015-11-25&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus-news%2F2015%2Fnov%2F25%2Fnazi-inspired-ads-for-the-man-in-the-high-castle-pulled-from-new-york-subway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-427"><a href="#cite_ref-427">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2015" class="citation news cs1">Robertson, Adi (November 24, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2015/11/24/9793096/amazon-pulls-man-in-the-high-castle-nazi-subway-ads">"Amazon pulls Nazi symbols from New York subway ad campaign"</a>. The Verge. Retrieved October 4, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Amazon+pulls+Nazi+symbols+from+New+York+subway+ad+campaign&rft.date=2015-11-24&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Adi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2015%2F11%2F24%2F9793096%2Famazon-pulls-man-in-the-high-castle-nazi-subway-ads&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-428"><a href="#cite_ref-428">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBodnerBecker2017" class="citation news cs1">Bodner, Brett; Becker, Jake (October 3, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/basketball/knicks/hopeless-knicks-greet-nyc-subway-riders-due-fs1-ad-campaign-article-1.3538210">"'Hopeless' Knicks greet NYC subway riders due to FS1 ad campaign"</a>. NY Daily News. Retrieved October 4, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NY+Daily+News&rft.atitle=%27Hopeless%27+Knicks+greet+NYC+subway+riders+due+to+FS1+ad+campaign&rft.date=2017-10-03&rft.aulast=Bodner&rft.aufirst=Brett&rft.au=Becker%2C+Jake&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fsports%2Fbasketball%2Fknicks%2Fhopeless-knicks-greet-nyc-subway-riders-due-fs1-ad-campaign-article-1.3538210&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-429"><a href="#cite_ref-429">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonesteelBieler2017" class="citation news cs1">Bonesteel, Matt; Bieler, Des (October 3, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/early-lead/wp/2017/10/03/sit-here-if-youre-hopeless-nyc-subway-ads-taunt-knicks-fans/">"Knicks owner James Dolan reportedly 'furious' at Fox Sports 'hopeless' ads"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a>. Retrieved October 4, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Knicks+owner+James+Dolan+reportedly+%27furious%27+at+Fox+Sports+%27hopeless%27+ads&rft.date=2017-10-03&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Bonesteel&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft.au=Bieler%2C+Des&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fearly-lead%2Fwp%2F2017%2F10%2F03%2Fsit-here-if-youre-hopeless-nyc-subway-ads-taunt-knicks-fans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-430"><a href="#cite_ref-430">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAssociated_Press2010" class="citation web cs1">Associated Press (June 28, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/MTA-Wraps-Subway-in-Train-Length-Ad-97355324.html">"MTA Wraps Subway in Train-Length Ad"</a>. NBC New York. Retrieved June 18, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+New+York&rft.atitle=MTA+Wraps+Subway+in+Train-Length+Ad&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.au=Associated+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnewyork.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2FMTA-Wraps-Subway-in-Train-Length-Ad-97355324.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-431"><a href="#cite_ref-431">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVranica2014" class="citation web cs1">Vranica, Suzanne (January 28, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304856504579338704254890072">"And Now, Ads for the Super Bowl Ads – WSJ"</a>. Online.wsj.com. Retrieved June 28, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=And+Now%2C+Ads+for+the+Super+Bowl+Ads+%E2%80%93+WSJ&rft.pub=Online.wsj.com&rft.date=2014-01-28&rft.aulast=Vranica&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052702304856504579338704254890072&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-432"><a href="#cite_ref-432">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/14/business/media/dastardly-british-and-brand-new-to-the-super-bowl.html">"Dastardly, British and Brand New to the Super Bowl"</a>. The New York Times. January 14, 2014. Retrieved June 18, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Dastardly%2C+British+and+Brand+New+to+the+Super+Bowl&rft.date=2014-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F01%2F14%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Fdastardly-british-and-brand-new-to-the-super-bowl.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-433"><a href="#cite_ref-433">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJennings2015" class="citation web cs1">Jennings, Rebecca (April 15, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ny.racked.com/2015/4/15/8420645/lane-bryant-imnoangel-subway-ads">"Lane Bryant's #ImNoAngel Subway Ads Causing Controversy in Brooklyn Orthodox Communities"</a>. Racked NY. Retrieved June 18, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Racked+NY&rft.atitle=Lane+Bryant%27s+%23ImNoAngel+Subway+Ads+Causing+Controversy+in+Brooklyn+Orthodox+Communities&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft.aulast=Jennings&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fny.racked.com%2F2015%2F4%2F15%2F8420645%2Flane-bryant-imnoangel-subway-ads&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-434"><a href="#cite_ref-434">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmily_BassJulia_Jones2019" class="citation web cs1">Emily Bass; Julia Jones (June 16, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2019/06/16/us/nyc-subway-pride-trains-trnd/index.html">"PRIDE + PROGRESS New York subways celebrate Pride Month with new 'Pride Trains' and MetroCards"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. Retrieved June 17, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PRIDE+%2B+PROGRESS+New+York+subways+celebrate+Pride+Month+with+new+%27Pride+Trains%27+and+MetroCards&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2019-06-16&rft.au=Emily+Bass&rft.au=Julia+Jones&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2019%2F06%2F16%2Fus%2Fnyc-subway-pride-trains-trnd%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-435"><a href="#cite_ref-435">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClayton_GuseThomas_Tracy2019" class="citation news cs1">Clayton Guse; Thomas Tracy (June 14, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/ny-mta-celebrates-lgbt-pride-with-trains-metrocards-20190614-hd3odbkev5hdvoonrxsjiu2l6q-story.html">"Everyone on board the Pride train! MTA celebrates LGBTQ culture with Pride-themed trains, MetroCards"</a>. New York Daily News. Retrieved June 17, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Everyone+on+board+the+Pride+train%21+MTA+celebrates+LGBTQ+culture+with+Pride-themed+trains%2C+MetroCards&rft.date=2019-06-14&rft.au=Clayton+Guse&rft.au=Thomas+Tracy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnew-york%2Fny-mta-celebrates-lgbt-pride-with-trains-metrocards-20190614-hd3odbkev5hdvoonrxsjiu2l6q-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-436"><a href="#cite_ref-436">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theartstory.org/artist-haring-keith.htm">"Keith Haring Biography, Art, and Analysis of Works"</a>. The Art Story. Retrieved October 28, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Art+Story&rft.atitle=Keith+Haring+Biography%2C+Art%2C+and+Analysis+of+Works&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theartstory.org%2Fartist-haring-keith.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-437"><a href="#cite_ref-437">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichelle_Young2019" class="citation web cs1">Michelle Young (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://untappedcities.com/2019/09/30/see-an-incredible-exhibit-of-graffiti-tagged-nyc-subway-trains-from-the-70s-and-80s/">"SEE AN INCREDIBLE EXHIBIT OF GRAFFITI-TAGGED NYC SUBWAY TRAINS FROM THE '70S AND '80S"</a>. Untapped NY. Retrieved August 21, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SEE+AN+INCREDIBLE+EXHIBIT+OF+GRAFFITI-TAGGED+NYC+SUBWAY+TRAINS+FROM+THE+%2770S+AND+%2780S&rft.pub=Untapped+NY&rft.date=2019&rft.au=Michelle+Young&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funtappedcities.com%2F2019%2F09%2F30%2Fsee-an-incredible-exhibit-of-graffiti-tagged-nyc-subway-trains-from-the-70s-and-80s%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-438"><a href="#cite_ref-438">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnimal_New_York2014" class="citation web cs1">Animal New York (February 19, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211029/FB_KGZaR9dI">"Watch London Kaye Yarn-Bomb the L Train"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FB_KGZaR9dI">the original</a> on October 29, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Watch+London+Kaye+Yarn-Bomb+the+L+Train&rft.date=2014-02-19&rft.au=Animal+New+York&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DFB_KGZaR9dI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-439"><a href="#cite_ref-439">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMyrto_Katsikopoulou2021" class="citation web cs1">Myrto Katsikopoulou (July 19, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.designboom.com/architecture/ian-callender-projects-new-york-cityscape-ceiling-moving-subway-trains-07-19-2021/">"Ian Callender Projects New York Cityscape on the Ceiling of Moving Subway Trains"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Designboom" title="Designboom">Designboom</a>. Retrieved August 21, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ian+Callender+Projects+New+York+Cityscape+on+the+Ceiling+of+Moving+Subway+Trains&rft.pub=Designboom&rft.date=2021-07-19&rft.au=Myrto+Katsikopoulou&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.designboom.com%2Farchitecture%2Fian-callender-projects-new-york-cityscape-ceiling-moving-subway-trains-07-19-2021%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-440"><a href="#cite_ref-440">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWill_Gleason2021" class="citation web cs1">Will Gleason (February 19, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210821230036/https://www.timeout.com/newyork/news/the-nyc-artist-thats-gone-super-viral-drawing-strangers-on-the-subway-021921">"The NYC artist that's gone super viral drawing strangers on the subway"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Time_Out_(magazine)" title="Time Out (magazine)">TimeOut</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeout.com/newyork/news/the-nyc-artist-thats-gone-super-viral-drawing-strangers-on-the-subway-021921/">the original</a> on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+NYC+artist+that%27s+gone+super+viral+drawing+strangers+on+the+subway&rft.pub=TimeOut&rft.date=2021-02-19&rft.au=Will+Gleason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeout.com%2Fnewyork%2Fnews%2Fthe-nyc-artist-thats-gone-super-viral-drawing-strangers-on-the-subway-021921%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-441"><a href="#cite_ref-441">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWassef2023" class="citation web cs1">Wassef, Mira (January 11, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/changing-america/enrichment/arts-culture/3809239-nycs-no-pants-subway-ride-canceled-for-second-straight-year/">"No Pants Subway Ride canceled for second consecutive year"</a>. The Hill. Retrieved June 8, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=No+Pants+Subway+Ride+canceled+for+second+consecutive+year&rft.date=2023-01-11&rft.aulast=Wassef&rft.aufirst=Mira&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fchanging-america%2Fenrichment%2Farts-culture%2F3809239-nycs-no-pants-subway-ride-canceled-for-second-straight-year%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+City+Subway" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citylab.com/transportation/2018/04/why-new-york-city-stopped-building-subways/557567/">Why New York City Stopped Building Subways</a>, by Jonathan English, April 16, 2018.</li> <li>English, Jonathan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0096144219896578">"Derailed: The Postwar End of New York City Subway Expansion."</a> Journal of Urban History. 2021;47(4):832–848.</li> <li>Hood, Clifton. 722 Miles: The Building of the Subways and How They Transformed New York. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096941587">.mw-parser-output .attached-kml-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .attached-kml-error code{font-size:inherit;font-weight:normal;border:0}.mw-parser-output .kmldata,.mw-parser-output .attached-kml-wikidata{display:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right attached-kml"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Attached_KML/New_York_City_Subway&action=raw">KML file</a> (<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Attached_KML/New_York_City_Subway&action=edit">edit</a> • <a href="/wiki/Help:Attached_KML" title="Help:Attached KML">help</a>)</div></div> </div><div class="kmldata" data-server="en.wikipedia.org" title="Template:Attached KML/New York City Subway"><a href="/wiki/Template:Attached_KML/New_York_City_Subway" title="Template:Attached KML/New York City Subway">Template:Attached KML/New York City Subway</a></div><div title="KML & Wikidata" class="attached-kml-wikidata">KML is not from Wikidata</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:New_York_City_Subway" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.mta.info/agency/new-york-city-transit">Official website</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/21px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/32px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/42px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:New_York_City" title="Portal:New York City">New York City</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:P_train.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/21px-P_train.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/32px-P_train.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/42px-P_train.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Trains" title="Portal:Trains">Trains</a></li></ul></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header">New York City Subway at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/14px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" class="extiw" title="c:New York City Subway">Media</a> from Commons</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/21px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/32px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/42px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7733" class="extiw" title="d:Q7733">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_City_Subway" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_City_Subway" title="Template:New York City Subway"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_York_City_Subway" title="Template talk:New York City Subway"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_York_City_Subway" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New York City Subway"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_City_Subway" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York City Subway</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_services" title="List of New York City Subway services">Current services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="1 (New York City Subway service)">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="2 (New York City Subway service)">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="3 (New York City Subway service)">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="4 (New York City Subway service)">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="5 (New York City Subway service)">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="6 (New York City Subway service)">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="7 (New York City Subway service)">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="A (New York City Subway service)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="B (New York City Subway service)">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="C (New York City Subway service)">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="D (New York City Subway service)">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="E (New York City Subway service)">E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="F (New York City Subway service)">F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="G (New York City Subway service)">G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J/Z_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="J/Z (New York City Subway service)">J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="L (New York City Subway service)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="M (New York City Subway service)">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="N (New York City Subway service)">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="Q (New York City Subway service)">Q</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="R (New York City Subway service)">R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="W (New York City Subway service)">W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J/Z_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="J/Z (New York City Subway service)">Z</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/S_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="S (New York City Subway service)">Shuttles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_Shuttle" title="42nd Street Shuttle">42nd Street</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Avenue_Shuttle" title="Franklin Avenue Shuttle">Franklin Avenue</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rockaway_Park_Shuttle" title="Rockaway Park Shuttle">Rockaway Park</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Planned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/T_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="T (New York City Subway service)">T</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_services#History" title="List of New York City Subway services">Defunct services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1985–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/9_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="9 (New York City Subway service)">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" class="mw-redirect" title="H (New York City Subway service)">H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K_(Eighth_Avenue_Local)" title="K (Eighth Avenue Local)">K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="V (New York City Subway service)">V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JFK_Express" title="JFK Express">JFK Express</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-1985</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="8 (New York City Subway service)">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_(New_York_City_Subway_service)#Dyre_Avenue_Shuttle" title="5 (New York City Subway service)">9 (Dyre Avenue)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K_(Eighth_Avenue_Local)" title="K (Eighth Avenue Local)">AA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="B (New York City Subway service)">BB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="C (New York City Subway service)">CC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E_(New_York_City_Subway_service)#EE_Service" title="E (New York City Subway service)">EE (Eighth Avenue)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="N (New York City Subway service)">EE (Broadway)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="G (New York City Subway service)">GG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HH_(Court_Street_Shuttle)" title="HH (Court Street Shuttle)">HH (Court Street)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J/Z_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="J/Z (New York City Subway service)">JJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J/Z_(New_York_City_Subway_service)#Chrystie_Street_Connection_to_1976" title="J/Z (New York City Subway service)">K (Jamaica)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J/Z_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="J/Z (New York City Subway service)">KK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="L (New York City Subway service)">LL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M_(New_York_City_Subway_service)#MJ_service" title="M (New York City Subway service)">MJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="N (New York City Subway service)">NX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="Q (New York City Subway service)">QB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J/Z_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="J/Z (New York City Subway service)">QJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="Q (New York City Subway service)">QT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="R (New York City Subway service)">RJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="R (New York City Subway service)">RR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="T (New York City Subway service)">T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="T (New York City Subway service)">TT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/S_(New_York_City_Subway_service)#Former_uses" title="S (New York City Subway service)">Shuttles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green%E2%80%93South_Ferry_shuttle" title="Bowling Green–South Ferry shuttle">Bowling Green</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/63rd_Street_Shuttle#Broadway" title="63rd Street Shuttle">Broadway/63rd Street</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Culver_Shuttle" title="Culver Shuttle">Culver</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_Shuttle" title="Grand Street Shuttle">Grand Street</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/S_(New_York_City_Subway_service)#Nassau_Street_Shuttle_(1999)" title="S (New York City Subway service)">Nassau Street</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/IRT_Ninth_Avenue_Line#Closing_and_Polo_Grounds_Shuttle" title="IRT Ninth Avenue Line">Polo Grounds</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/63rd_Street_Shuttle#Sixth_Avenue" title="63rd Street Shuttle">Sixth Avenue/63rd Street</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn%E2%80%93Manhattan_Transit_Corporation" title="Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation">BMT</a> numbers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Q_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="Q (New York City Subway service)">1</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/R_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="R (New York City Subway service)">2</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/T_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="T (New York City Subway service)">3</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/N_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="N (New York City Subway service)">4</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Culver_Shuttle" title="Culver Shuttle">5</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/6_(BMT_rapid_transit_service)" title="6 (BMT rapid transit service)">6</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Avenue_Shuttle" title="Franklin Avenue Shuttle">7</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BMT_Astoria_Line" title="BMT Astoria Line">8</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/IRT_Flushing_Line" title="IRT Flushing Line">9</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/M_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="M (New York City Subway service)">10</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/M_(New_York_City_Subway_service)#MJ_service" title="M (New York City Subway service)">11</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/12_(BMT_rapid_transit_service)" title="12 (BMT rapid transit service)">12</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/13_(BMT_rapid_transit_service)" title="13 (BMT rapid transit service)">13</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/J/Z_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="J/Z (New York City Subway service)">14</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/J/Z_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="J/Z (New York City Subway service)">15</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/L_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="L (New York City Subway service)">16</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BMT_Brooklyn_Loops" title="BMT Brooklyn Loops">Brooklyn Loops</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/East_New_York_Loop" title="East New York Loop">East New York Loop</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unused labels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Unused_New_York_City_Subway_service_labels" title="Unused New York City Subway service labels">Unused New York City Subway service labels</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_stations" title="New York City Subway stations">Stations</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_stations" title="List of New York City Subway stations">List</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By borough</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_stations_in_the_Bronx" title="List of New York City Subway stations in the Bronx">The Bronx</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_stations_in_Brooklyn" title="List of New York City Subway stations in Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_stations_in_Manhattan" title="List of New York City Subway stations in Manhattan">Manhattan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_stations_in_Queens" title="List of New York City Subway stations in Queens">Queens</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_closed_New_York_City_Subway_stations" title="List of closed New York City Subway stations">Closed</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_terminals" title="List of New York City Subway terminals">Terminals</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_transfer_stations" title="List of New York City Subway transfer stations">Transfer</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Accessibility_of_the_Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority#New_York_City_Subway" title="Accessibility of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Accessible</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="A Division (New York City Subway)">A Division</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interborough_Rapid_Transit_Company" title="Interborough Rapid Transit Company">IRT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="B Division (New York City Subway)">B Division</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn%E2%80%93Manhattan_Transit_Corporation" title="Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation">BMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Subway_System" title="Independent Subway System">IND</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_lines" title="List of New York City Subway lines">Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_yards" title="List of New York City Subway yards">Yards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_rolling_stock" title="New York City Subway rolling stock">Rolling stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_R-type_contracts" title="List of New York City Subway R-type contracts">R-type contracts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="History of the New York City Subway">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_the_IRT_subway" title="Early history of the IRT subway">IRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_BRT_and_BMT" title="History of the BRT and BMT">BMT</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Rapid_Transit_Company" title="Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company">BRT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_Contracts" title="Dual Contracts">Dual Contracts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Expansions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Capital_Construction_and_Development_Company" title="MTA Capital Construction and Development Company">MTA Capital Construction and Development Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrystie_Street_Connection" title="Chrystie Street Connection">Chrystie Street Connection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interborough_Express" title="Interborough Express">Interborough Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Program_for_Action" title="Program for Action">Program for Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_Subway_Extension" title="7 Subway Extension">7 Subway Extension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Second Avenue Subway">Second Avenue Subway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unbuilt_plans_for_the_Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Unbuilt plans for the Second Avenue Subway">Historic proposals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construction_of_the_Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Construction of the Second Avenue Subway">Construction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_expansion_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="Proposed expansion of the New York City Subway">Other proposals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LaGuardia_Airport_subway_extension" title="LaGuardia Airport subway extension">LaGuardia Airport extension</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable crashes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Avenue_derailment" title="Ninth Avenue derailment">Ninth Avenue derailment, 1905</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malbone_Street_wreck" title="Malbone Street wreck">Malbone Street wreck, 1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Times_Square_derailment" title="1928 Times Square derailment">Times Square derailment, 1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Union_Square_derailment" title="1991 Union Square derailment">Union Square derailment, 1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Williamsburg_Bridge_subway_collision" title="1995 Williamsburg Bridge subway collision">Williamsburg Bridge collision, 1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_New_York_City_Subway_derailment" title="2024 New York City Subway derailment">96th Street derailment, 2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Strikes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1966_New_York_City_transit_strike" title="1966 New York City transit strike">1966 strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_New_York_City_transit_strike" title="1980 New York City transit strike">1980 strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_New_York_City_transit_strike" title="2005 New York City transit strike">2005 strike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Service disruptions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%932021_New_York_City_transit_crisis" title="2017–2021 New York City transit crisis">2017–2021 New York City transit crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Street_Tunnel_shutdown" title="14th Street Tunnel shutdown">2019–2020 L train shutdown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other major incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_New_York_City_Subway_shooting" title="1984 New York City Subway shooting">1984 shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seong_Sil_Kim_v._New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="Seong Sil Kim v. New York City Transit Authority">2000 lawsuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_New_York_City_Subway_bombing" title="2017 New York City Subway bombing">2017 bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_New_York_City_Subway_fire" title="2020 New York City Subway fire">2020 fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_New_York_City_Subway_attack" title="2022 New York City Subway attack">2022 attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Jordan_Neely" title="Killing of Jordan Neely">2023 killing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:New_York_City_Subway_infrastructure" title="Category:New York City Subway infrastructure">Infrastructure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accessibility_of_the_Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Accessibility of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/58_Joralemon_Street" title="58 Joralemon Street">58 Joralemon Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_Center" title="Fulton Center">Fulton Center</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corbin_Building" title="Corbin Building">Corbin Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dey_Street_Passageway" title="Dey Street Passageway">Dey Street Passageway</a></li></ul></li> <li>Substations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Substation_7" title="Substation 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substation_18" class="mw-redirect" title="Substation 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substation_219" title="Substation 219">219</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substation_401" title="Substation 401">401</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRT_Powerhouse" title="IRT Powerhouse">IRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyckman-Hillside_Substation" title="Dyckman-Hillside Substation">Dyckman-Hillside</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arts and culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_in_popular_culture" title="New York City Subway in popular culture">In popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_Transit_Super_Bowl" title="Mass Transit Super Bowl">Mass Transit Super Bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_Subways" title="Miss Subways">Miss Subways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Arts_%26_Design" title="MTA Arts & Design">MTA Arts & Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Under_New_York" title="Music Under New York">Music Under New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Showtime_(busking)" title="Showtime (busking)">"Showtime"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subway_Challenge" title="Subway Challenge">Subway Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subway_Series" title="Subway Series">Subway Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_tiles" title="New York City Subway tiles">Tiles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Signaling_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="Signaling of the New York City Subway">Automation and signals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_chaining" title="New York City Subway chaining">Chaining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_transit_fares" title="New York City transit fares">Fares</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MetroCard" title="MetroCard">MetroCard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMNY" title="OMNY">OMNY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pizza_Principle" title="Pizza Principle">Pizza Principle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_map" title="New York City Subway map">Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_nomenclature" title="New York City Subway nomenclature">Nomenclature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="Technology of the New York City Subway">Technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other rapid transit in NYC</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AirTrain_JFK" title="AirTrain JFK"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/AirTrain_JFK_notext_logo.svg/20px-AirTrain_JFK_notext_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/AirTrain_JFK_notext_logo.svg/30px-AirTrain_JFK_notext_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/AirTrain_JFK_notext_logo.svg/40px-AirTrain_JFK_notext_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="159" /></a> <a href="/wiki/AirTrain_JFK" title="AirTrain JFK">AirTrain JFK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Authority_Trans-Hudson" title="Port Authority Trans-Hudson"><img alt="Port Authority Trans-Hudson" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/PATH_logo.svg/18px-PATH_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/PATH_logo.svg/27px-PATH_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/PATH_logo.svg/36px-PATH_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/PATH_(rail_system)" title="PATH (rail system)">PATH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/NYCS-bull-trans-SIR-Std.svg/20px-NYCS-bull-trans-SIR-Std.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/NYCS-bull-trans-SIR-Std.svg/30px-NYCS-bull-trans-SIR-Std.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/NYCS-bull-trans-SIR-Std.svg/40px-NYCS-bull-trans-SIR-Std.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Staten_Island_Railway_stations" title="List of Staten Island Railway stations">Stations</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Historical" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beach_Pneumatic_Transit" title="Beach Pneumatic Transit">Beach Pneumatic Transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Railway_Company" title="Manhattan Railway Company">Manhattan Railway Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Transportation_in_New_York_City" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Template:Transportation in New York City"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Template talk:Transportation in New York City"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Transportation in New York City"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Transportation_in_New_York_City" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Transportation in New York City">Transportation in New York City</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public transit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AirTrain_JFK" title="AirTrain JFK">AirTrain JFK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad" title="Metro-North Railroad">Metro-North Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Regional_Bus_Operations" title="MTA Regional Bus Operations">MTA Regional Bus Operations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Select_Bus_Service" title="Select Bus Service">Select Bus Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_lanes_in_New_York_City" title="Bus lanes in New York City">Bus lanes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York City Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NJ_Transit" title="NJ Transit">NJ Transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NYC_Ferry" title="NYC Ferry">NYC Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PATH_(rail_system)" title="PATH (rail system)">PATH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Island_Tramway" title="Roosevelt Island Tramway">Roosevelt Island Tramway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Ferry" title="Staten Island Ferry">Staten Island Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private transit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_the_New_York_metropolitan_area" title="Aviation in the New York metropolitan area">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_and_tunnels_in_New_York_City" title="List of bridges and tunnels in New York City">Bridges and tunnels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NY_Waterway" title="NY Waterway">NY Waterway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haverstraw%E2%80%93Ossining_Ferry" title="Haverstraw–Ossining Ferry">Haverstraw–Ossining Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburgh%E2%80%93Beacon_Ferry" title="Newburgh–Beacon Ferry">Newburgh–Beacon Ferry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_New_York_City" title="Cycling in New York City">Bicycling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citi_Bike" title="Citi Bike">Citi Bike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollar_vans_in_the_New_York_metropolitan_area" title="Dollar vans in the New York metropolitan area">Dollar vans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxicabs_of_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicabs of New York City">Taxis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1949_New_York_City_taxicab_strike" title="1949 New York City taxicab strike">1949 strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boro_taxi" title="Boro taxi">Boro taxi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major construction projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Currently operating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/7_Subway_Extension" title="7 Subway Extension">7 Subway Extension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Side_Access" title="East Side Access">East Side Access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_Center" title="Fulton Center">Fulton Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moynihan_Train_Hall" title="Moynihan Train Hall">Moynihan Train Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Second Avenue Subway">Second Avenue Subway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Second_Avenue_Subway" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Second Avenue Subway">History</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_station_(PATH)" title="World Trade Center station (PATH)">World Trade Center Transportation Hub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canceled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Access_to_the_Region%27s_Core" title="Access to the Region's Core">Access to the Region's Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirTrain_LaGuardia" title="AirTrain LaGuardia">AirTrain LaGuardia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Manhattan%E2%80%93Jamaica/JFK_Transportation_Project" title="Lower Manhattan–Jamaica/JFK Transportation Project">Lower Manhattan–Jamaica/JFK Transportation Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_expansion_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="Proposed expansion of the New York City Subway">Proposed expansion of the New York City Subway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Program_for_Action" title="Program for Action">Program for Action</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Tunnel" title="Staten Island Tunnel">Staten Island Tunnel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed/Future</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn%E2%80%93Queens_Connector" title="Brooklyn–Queens Connector">Brooklyn–Queens Connector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateway_Program_(Northeast_Corridor)" title="Gateway Program (Northeast Corridor)">Gateway Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penn_Station_Access" title="Penn Station Access">Penn Station Access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_light_rail" title="Staten Island light rail">Staten Island light rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interborough_Express" title="Interborough Express">Interborough Express</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traffic proposals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congestion_pricing_in_New_York_City" title="Congestion pricing in New York City">Congestion pricing in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlaNYC" title="PlaNYC">PlaNYC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_Zero_(New_York_City)" title="Vision Zero (New York City)">Vision Zero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Transportation" title="New York City Department of Transportation">NYC Department of Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Bridges_and_Tunnels" title="MTA Bridges and Tunnels">Bridges and Tunnels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="New York City Transit Authority">New York City Transit Authority</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Authority_of_New_York_and_New_Jersey" title="Port Authority of New York and New Jersey">Port Authority of New York and New Jersey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Board_of_Transportation" title="New York City Board of Transportation">Board of Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Rapid_Transit_Company" title="Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company">Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn%E2%80%93Manhattan_Transit_Corporation" title="Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation">Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Subway_System" title="Independent Subway System">Independent Subway System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interborough_Rapid_Transit_Company" title="Interborough Rapid Transit Company">Interborough Rapid Transit Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Railway_Company" title="Manhattan Railway Company">Manhattan Railway Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hornblower_Cruises" title="Hornblower Cruises">Hornblower Cruises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Water_Taxi" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberty Water Taxi">Liberty Water Taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Water_Taxi" title="New York Water Taxi">New York Water Taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NY_Waterway" title="NY Waterway">NY Waterway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Island_Operating_Corporation" title="Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation">Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Taxi_Workers%27_Alliance" title="National Taxi Workers' Alliance">National Taxi Workers' Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Metropolitan_Transportation_Council" title="New York Metropolitan Transportation Council">New York Metropolitan Transportation Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Plan_Association" title="Regional Plan Association">Regional Plan Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straphangers_Campaign" title="Straphangers Campaign">Straphangers Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_Alternatives" title="Transportation Alternatives">Transportation Alternatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tri-State_Transportation_Campaign" title="Tri-State Transportation Campaign">Tri-State Transportation Campaign</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_transportation_in_New_York_City" title="History of transportation in New York City">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="History of the Long Island Rail Road">LIRR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="History of the New York City Subway">NYC Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_PATH" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the PATH">PATH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Staten_Island_Railway" title="History of the Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_Transit_Super_Bowl" title="Mass Transit Super Bowl">Mass Transit Super Bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_New_York_and_New_Jersey" title="Port of New York and New Jersey">Port of New York and New Jersey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Category:Transportation in New York City">Category:Transportation in New York City</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Template:Metropolitan Transportation Authority"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Template talk:Metropolitan Transportation Authority"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Metropolitan Transportation Authority"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bus" title="Bus">Bus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Regional_Bus_Operations" title="MTA Regional Bus Operations">Regional Bus Operations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Rapid transit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York City Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">Commuter rail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad" title="Metro-North Railroad">Metro-North Railroad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crossings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Bridges_and_Tunnels" title="MTA Bridges and Tunnels">Bridges and Tunnels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law enforcement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority_Police_Department" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority Police Department">Metropolitan Transportation Authority Police Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_New_York_City_Police_Department#Transit_Bureau" title="Organization of the New York City Police Department">New York City Police Department Transit Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triborough_Bridge_and_Tunnel_Authority_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority Police">Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority Police Department</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fleet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_rolling_stock" title="New York City Subway rolling stock">Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Regional_Bus_Operations_bus_fleet" title="MTA Regional Bus Operations bus fleet">Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road_rolling_stock" title="Long Island Rail Road rolling stock">Long Island Rail Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad_rolling_stock" title="Metro-North Railroad rolling stock">Metro-North Railroad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accessibility_of_the_Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Accessibility of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_transit_fares" title="New York City transit fares">Bus and subway fares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_lanes_in_New_York_City" title="Bus lanes in New York City">Dedicated bus lanes</a></li> <li>Fare payment <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MetroCard" title="MetroCard">MetroCard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMNY" title="OMNY">OMNY</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Authority" title="New York City Transit Authority">New York City Transit Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MYmta" title="MYmta">MYmta</a></li> <li>Histories <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="History of the Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="History of the New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Staten_Island_Railway" title="History of the Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_MTA_Inspector_General" title="Office of the MTA Inspector General">Inspector General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Transit_Police" title="New York City Transit Police">New York City Transit Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Capital_Construction_and_Development_Company" title="MTA Capital Construction and Development Company">Capital Construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Arts_%26_Design" title="MTA Arts & Design">MTA Arts & Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Broadway" title="2 Broadway">2 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/370_Jay_Street" title="370 Jay Street">370 Jay Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nassau_Inter-County_Express#MTA_Long_Island_Bus" title="Nassau Inter-County Express">Long Island Bus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_metropolitan_area_railroads" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_metro_area_rail" title="Template:New York metro area rail"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_York_metro_area_rail" title="Template talk:New York metro area rail"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_York_metro_area_rail" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New York metro area rail"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_metropolitan_area_railroads" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York metropolitan area</a> <a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_New_York_City#Rail" title="Transportation in New York City">railroads</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New York</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Rapid transit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York City Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PATH_(rail_system)" title="PATH (rail system)">PATH</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">Commuter rail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad" title="Metro-North Railroad">Metro-North Railroad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/People_mover" title="People mover">People mover</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AirTrain_JFK" title="AirTrain JFK">AirTrain JFK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirTrain_LaGuardia" title="AirTrain LaGuardia">AirTrain LaGuardia</a> (proposed)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Jersey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Rapid transit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PATH_(rail_system)" title="PATH (rail system)">PATH</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">Commuter rail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NJ_Transit_Rail_Operations" title="NJ Transit Rail Operations">NJ Transit Rail Operations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Light_rail" title="Light rail">Light rail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hudson%E2%80%93Bergen_Light_Rail" title="Hudson–Bergen Light Rail">Hudson–Bergen Light Rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark_Light_Rail" title="Newark Light Rail">Newark Light Rail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/People_mover" title="People mover">People mover</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AirTrain_Newark" title="AirTrain Newark">AirTrain Newark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Connecticut</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Commuter_rail" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">Commuter rail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad" title="Metro-North Railroad">Metro-North Railroad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Currently_operating_heavy_rail_rapid_transit_systems_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USSubway" title="Template:USSubway"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USSubway" title="Template talk:USSubway"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USSubway" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USSubway"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Currently_operating_heavy_rail_rapid_transit_systems_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Currently operating <a href="/wiki/Passenger_rail_terminology#Heavy_rail" title="Passenger rail terminology">heavy rail</a> <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">rapid transit</a> systems in the United States</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">California</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Rapid_Transit" title="Bay Area Rapid Transit">Bay Area Rapid Transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Metro_Rail" title="Los Angeles Metro Rail">Los Angeles Metro Rail</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B_Line_(Los_Angeles_Metro)" title="B Line (Los Angeles Metro)">B</a> and <a href="/wiki/D_Line_(Los_Angeles_Metro)" title="D Line (Los Angeles Metro)">D</a> lines</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">DC–MD–VA</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro" title="Washington Metro">Washington Metro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Florida</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metrorail_(Miami-Dade_County)" title="Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)">Miami Metrorail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Georgia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MARTA_rail" title="MARTA rail">Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hawaii</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skyline_(Honolulu)" title="Skyline (Honolulu)">Skyline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Illinois</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_%22L%22" title="Chicago "L"">Chicago "L"</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Maryland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Metro_SubwayLink" title="Baltimore Metro SubwayLink">Baltimore Metro SubwayLink</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Massachusetts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MBTA_subway" title="MBTA subway">MBTA subway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Line_(MBTA)" title="Blue Line (MBTA)">Blue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_Line_(MBTA)" title="Orange Line (MBTA)">Orange</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(MBTA)" title="Red Line (MBTA)">Red</a> lines</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New York</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York City Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New York/New Jersey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PATH_(rail_system)" title="PATH (rail system)">PATH</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ohio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Cleveland <a href="/wiki/RTA_Rapid_Transit" title="RTA Rapid Transit">RTA Rapid Transit</a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(RTA_Rapid_Transit)" title="Red Line (RTA Rapid Transit)">Red Line</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pennsylvania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SEPTA_Metro" title="SEPTA Metro">SEPTA Metro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Market%E2%80%93Frankford_Line" title="Market–Frankford Line">L</a>, <a href="/wiki/Broad_Street_Line" title="Broad Street Line">B</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Norristown_High_Speed_Line" title="Norristown High Speed Line">M</a> lines</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pennsylvania/New Jersey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PATCO_Speedline" title="PATCO Speedline">PATCO Speedline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Puerto Rico</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tren_Urbano" title="Tren Urbano">San Juan Tren Urbano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div>Other transit in the United States: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:USLightRail" title="Template:USLightRail">Light rail/Streetcar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:US_non-airport_people_movers" title="Template:US non-airport people movers">People mover & monorail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:UStrolleybus" title="Template:UStrolleybus">Trolleybus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:USCommRail" title="Template:USCommRail">Commuter rail</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_City_Subway_lines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NYCS_lines_navbox" title="Template:NYCS lines navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NYCS_lines_navbox" title="Template talk:NYCS lines navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NYCS_lines_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NYCS lines navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_City_Subway_lines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York City Subway</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_lines" title="List of New York City Subway lines">lines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/A_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="A Division (New York City Subway)">A Division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="IRT" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Interborough_Rapid_Transit_Company" title="Interborough Rapid Transit Company">IRT</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manhattan/Queens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_Shuttle" title="42nd Street Shuttle">42nd Street</a></li> <li>  <a href="/wiki/IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line">Broadway–Seventh Avenue</a></li> <li>  <a href="/wiki/IRT_Flushing_Line" title="IRT Flushing Line">Flushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRT_Lenox_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Lenox Avenue Line">Lenox Avenue</a></li> <li>  <a href="/wiki/IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Lexington Avenue Line">Lexington Avenue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bronx</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IRT_Dyre_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Dyre Avenue Line">Dyre Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRT_Jerome_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Jerome Avenue Line">Jerome Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRT_Pelham_Line" title="IRT Pelham Line">Pelham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRT_White_Plains_Road_Line" title="IRT White Plains Road Line">White Plains Road</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brooklyn</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IRT_Eastern_Parkway_Line" title="IRT Eastern Parkway Line">Eastern Parkway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRT_New_Lots_Line" title="IRT New Lots Line">New Lots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRT_Nostrand_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Nostrand Avenue Line">Nostrand Avenue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges and tunnels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_Bridge_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway Bridge (Manhattan)">Broadway Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joralemon_Street_Tunnel" title="Joralemon Street Tunnel">Joralemon Street Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steinway_Tunnel" title="Steinway Tunnel">Steinway Tunnel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IRT_Second_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Second Avenue Line">Second Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRT_Third_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Third Avenue Line">Third Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRT_Sixth_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Sixth Avenue Line">Sixth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRT_Ninth_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Ninth Avenue Line">Ninth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_the_IRT_subway" title="Early history of the IRT subway">Original subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensboro_Bridge" title="Queensboro Bridge">Queensboro Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/B_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="B Division (New York City Subway)">B Division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn%E2%80%93Manhattan_Transit_Corporation" title="Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation">BMT</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manhattan/Queens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMT_Astoria_Line" title="BMT Astoria Line">Astoria</a></li> <li>  <a href="/wiki/BMT_Broadway_Line" title="BMT Broadway Line">Broadway</a></li> <li>  <a href="/wiki/BMT_Nassau_Street_Line" title="BMT Nassau Street Line">Nassau Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern division</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>  <a href="/wiki/BMT_Canarsie_Line" title="BMT Canarsie Line">Canarsie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMT_Jamaica_Line" title="BMT Jamaica Line">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMT_Myrtle_Avenue_Line" title="BMT Myrtle Avenue Line">Myrtle Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamsburg_Bridge" title="Williamsburg Bridge">Williamsburg Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern division</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMT_Brighton_Line" title="BMT Brighton Line">Brighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMT_Fourth_Avenue_Line" title="BMT Fourth Avenue Line">Fourth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMT_Franklin_Avenue_Line" title="BMT Franklin Avenue Line">Franklin Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMT_Sea_Beach_Line" title="BMT Sea Beach Line">Sea Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMT_West_End_Line" title="BMT West End Line">West End</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges and tunnels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/60th_Street_Tunnel" title="60th Street Tunnel">60th Street Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montague_Street_Tunnel" title="Montague Street Tunnel">Montague Street Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamsburg_Bridge" title="Williamsburg Bridge">Williamsburg Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Bridge" title="Brooklyn Bridge">Brooklyn Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IND_Culver_Line" title="IND Culver Line">Culver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_New_York_Loop" title="East New York Loop">East New York Loop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue_Line_(Brooklyn_elevated)" title="Fifth Avenue Line (Brooklyn elevated)">Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_Street_Line_(elevated)" title="Fulton Street Line (elevated)">Fulton Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMT_Lexington_Avenue_Line" title="BMT Lexington Avenue Line">Lexington Avenue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Subway_System" title="Independent Subway System">IND</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manhattan/Bronx</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IND_Concourse_Line" title="IND Concourse Line">Concourse</a></li> <li>  <a href="/wiki/IND_Eighth_Avenue_Line" title="IND Eighth Avenue Line">Eighth Avenue</a></li> <li>  <a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Second Avenue Subway">Second Avenue</a></li> <li>  <a href="/wiki/IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line" title="IND Sixth Avenue Line">Sixth Avenue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brooklyn/Queens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>  <a href="/wiki/IND_Crosstown_Line" title="IND Crosstown Line">Crosstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IND_Culver_Line" title="IND Culver Line">Culver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IND_Fulton_Street_Line" title="IND Fulton Street Line">Fulton Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IND_Queens_Boulevard_Line" title="IND Queens Boulevard Line">Queens Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IND_Rockaway_Line" title="IND Rockaway Line">Rockaway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges and tunnels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/63rd_Street_Tunnel" title="63rd Street Tunnel">63rd Street Tunnel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IND_World%27s_Fair_Line" title="IND World's Fair Line">World's Fair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">BMT/IND</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/63rd_Street_lines" title="63rd Street lines">63rd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archer_Avenue_lines" title="Archer Avenue lines">Archer Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Bridge" title="Manhattan Bridge">Manhattan Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Interdivision connections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Purpose-built</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrystie_Street_Connection" title="Chrystie Street Connection">Chrystie Street</a> (BMT/IND)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/60th_Street_Tunnel_Connection" title="60th Street Tunnel Connection">60th Street</a> (BMT/IND)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/63rd_Street_lines" title="63rd Street lines">63rd Street</a> (BMT/IND)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMT_Astoria_Line" title="BMT Astoria Line">Astoria</a> / <a href="/wiki/IRT_Flushing_Line" title="IRT Flushing Line">Flushing</a> lines (BMT/IRT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coney_Island%E2%80%93Stillwell_Avenue_station" title="Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue station">Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue station</a> (BMT/IND)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/207th_Street_Yard" class="mw-redirect" title="207th Street Yard">207th Street Yard</a> (IND/IRT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coney_Island_Complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Coney Island Complex">Coney Island Complex</a> (BMT/IND)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concourse_Yard" class="mw-redirect" title="Concourse Yard">Concourse Yard</a> (IND/IRT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linden_Shops_(New_York_City_Subway)" class="mw-redirect" title="Linden Shops (New York City Subway)">Linden Shops</a> (BMT/IRT/<a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">LIRR</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Construction_of_the_Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Construction of the Second Avenue Subway">Construction of the Second Avenue Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_expansion_of_the_New_York_City_Subway" title="Proposed expansion of the New York City Subway">Proposed and never-built lines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unbuilt_plans_for_the_Second_Avenue_Subway" title="Unbuilt plans for the Second Avenue Subway">Second Avenue Subway proposals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IND_Second_System" class="mw-redirect" title="IND Second System">IND Second System lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Program_for_Action" title="Program for Action">Program for Action lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaGuardia_Airport_subway_extension" title="LaGuardia Airport subway extension">LaGuardia Airport subway extension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Tunnel" title="Staten Island Tunnel">Staten Island Tunnel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Brooklyn_Railway" title="South Brooklyn Railway">South Brooklyn Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Note that this is a list of New York City Subway lines, which are the physical infrastructure over which <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_services" title="List of New York City Subway services">services</a> operate. Lines with colors next to them are <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_nomenclature#Current_status" title="New York City Subway nomenclature">trunk lines</a>; trunk lines determine the color of <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_services" title="List of New York City Subway services">New York City Subway service</a> bullets, except for <a href="/wiki/S_(New_York_City_Subway_service)" title="S (New York City Subway service)">shuttles</a>, which are dark gray.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_City_Subway_rolling_stock" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NYCS_rolling_stock" title="Template:NYCS rolling stock"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NYCS_rolling_stock" title="Template talk:NYCS rolling stock"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NYCS_rolling_stock" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NYCS rolling stock"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_City_Subway_rolling_stock" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway_rolling_stock" title="New York City Subway rolling stock">New York City Subway rolling stock</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/A_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="A Division (New York City Subway)">A Division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R62_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R62 (New York City Subway car)">R62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R62A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R62A (New York City Subway car)">R62A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Technology_Train" title="New Technology Train">NTT</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R142_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R142 (New York City Subway car)">R142</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R142A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R142A (New York City Subway car)">R142A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R188_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R188 (New York City Subway car)">R188</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/B_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="B Division (New York City Subway)">B Division</a> / <a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">SIR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R44_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R44 (New York City Subway car)">R44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R46_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R46 (New York City Subway car)">R46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R68_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R68 (New York City Subway car)">R68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R68A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R68A (New York City Subway car)">R68A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Technology_Train" title="New Technology Train">NTT</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R143_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R143 (New York City Subway car)">R143</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R160_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R160 (New York City Subway car)">R160</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R179_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R179 (New York City Subway car)">R179</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R211_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R211 (New York City Subway car)">R211</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Future</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/A_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="A Division (New York City Subway)">A Division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R262_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R262 (New York City Subway car)">R262</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/B_Division_(New_York_City_Subway)" title="B Division (New York City Subway)">B Division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>R268</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired (R-type)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Interborough_Rapid_Transit_Company" title="Interborough Rapid Transit Company">IRT</a> (A Division)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R12_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R12 (New York City Subway car)">R12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R14_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R14 (New York City Subway car)">R14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R15_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R15 (New York City Subway car)">R15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R17_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R17 (New York City Subway car)">R17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R21_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R21 (New York City Subway car)">R21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R22_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R22 (New York City Subway car)">R22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redbird_trains" title="Redbird trains">Redbirds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R26_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R26 (New York City Subway car)">R26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R28_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R28 (New York City Subway car)">R28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R29/R99_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R29/R99 (New York City Subway car)">R29/R99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R33_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R33 (New York City Subway car)">R33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R33S_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R33S (New York City Subway car)">R33S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R36_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R36 (New York City Subway car)">R36</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_of_Many_Colors" title="Train of Many Colors">Train of Many Colors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Subway_System" title="Independent Subway System">IND</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn%E2%80%93Manhattan_Transit_Corporation" title="Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation">BMT</a> (B Division)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R1%E2%80%939_fleet" title="R1–9 fleet">R1–9s</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R1_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R1 (New York City Subway car)">R1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R4_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R4 (New York City Subway car)">R4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R6_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R6 (New York City Subway car)">R6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R7_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R7 (New York City Subway car)">R7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R9_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R9 (New York City Subway car)">R9</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R10_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R10 (New York City Subway car)">R10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R16_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R16 (New York City Subway car)">R16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redbird_trains" title="Redbird trains">Redbirds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R27_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R27 (New York City Subway car)">R27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R30_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R30 (New York City Subway car)">R30</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R32_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R32 (New York City Subway car)">R32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R38_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R38 (New York City Subway car)">R38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R40_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R40 (New York City Subway car)">R40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R42_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R42 (New York City Subway car)">R42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_of_Many_Metals" title="Train of Many Metals">Train of Many Metals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired (private operators)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">IRT (A Division)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elevated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_El_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="Manhattan El (New York City Subway car)">Manhattan El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MUDC_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="MUDC (New York City Subway car)">MUDC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subway</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Composite_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="Composite (New York City Subway car)">Composite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibbs_Hi-V_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="Gibbs Hi-V (New York City Subway car)">Gibbs Hi-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deck_Roof_Hi-V_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="Deck Roof Hi-V (New York City Subway car)">Deck Roof Hi-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedley_Hi-V_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="Hedley Hi-V (New York City Subway car)">Hedley Hi-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steinway_Lo-V_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="Steinway Lo-V (New York City Subway car)">Steinway Lo-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flivver_Lo-V_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="Flivver Lo-V (New York City Subway car)">Flivver Lo-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Lo-V_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="Standard Lo-V (New York City Subway car)">Standard Lo-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World%27s_Fair_Lo-V_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="World's Fair Lo-V (New York City Subway car)">World's Fair Lo-V</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">BMT (B Division) / SIR</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elevated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BU_cars_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="BU cars (New York City Subway car)">BU cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-type_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="C-type (New York City Subway car)">C-type</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q-type_Queens_car_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="Q-type Queens car (New York City Subway car)">Q-type Queens car</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subway</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AB_Standard_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="AB Standard (New York City Subway car)">AB Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluebird_Compartment_Car_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="Bluebird Compartment Car (New York City Subway car)">Bluebird Compartment Car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-type_Triplex_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="D-type Triplex (New York City Subway car)">D-type Triplex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MS_Multi-section_car_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="MS Multi-section car (New York City Subway car)">MS Multi-section car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ME-1_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="ME-1 (New York City Subway car)">SIRT ME-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Experimental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R11/R34_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R11/R34 (New York City Subway car)">R11/R34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R110A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R110A (New York City Subway car)">R110A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R110B_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R110B (New York City Subway car)">R110B</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Work trains</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R8A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R8A (New York City Subway car)">R8A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R65_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R65 (New York City Subway car)">R65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Money_train" title="Money train">R95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R110A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R110A (New York City Subway car)">R110A Pump train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R127/R134_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R127/R134 (New York City Subway car)">R127/R134</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPI_MP8AC-3" title="MPI MP8AC-3">R156</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R33_(New_York_City_Subway_car)#Retirement" title="R33 (New York City Subway car)">R161</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Never built</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R39_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" class="mw-redirect" title="R39 (New York City Subway car)">R39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R55_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" class="mw-redirect" title="R55 (New York City Subway car)">R55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R83_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" class="mw-redirect" title="R83 (New York City Subway car)">R83</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Subway_R-type_contracts" title="List of New York City Subway R-type contracts">R-type contracts</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Community_of_Metros_benchmarking_organization_members" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:International_Metro_Organizations" title="Template:International Metro Organizations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:International_Metro_Organizations" title="Template talk:International Metro Organizations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:International_Metro_Organizations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:International Metro Organizations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Community_of_Metros_benchmarking_organization_members" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Metros" title="Community of Metros">Community of Metros</a> benchmarking organization members</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 red;">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Namma_Metro" title="Namma Metro">Bangalore Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MRT_(Bangkok)" title="MRT (Bangkok)">Bangkok MRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Subway" title="Beijing Subway">Beijing Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Metro" title="Delhi Metro">Delhi Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubai_Metro" title="Dubai Metro">Dubai Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou_Metro" title="Guangzhou Metro">Guangzhou Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTR" title="MTR">Hong Kong MTR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakarta_MRT" title="Jakarta MRT">Jakarta MRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Metro" title="Nanjing Metro">Nanjing Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_KL" title="Rapid KL">Rapid Kuala Lumpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seoul_Metro" title="Seoul Metro">Seoul Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Metro" title="Shanghai Metro">Shanghai Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhen_Metro" title="Shenzhen Metro">Shenzhen Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_Rapid_Transit_(Singapore)" title="Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)">Singapore MRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Metro" title="Taipei Metro">Taipei Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehran_Metro" title="Tehran Metro">Tehran Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Metro" title="Tokyo Metro">Tokyo Metro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 gold;">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barcelona_Metro" title="Barcelona Metro">Barcelona Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_U-Bahn" title="Berlin U-Bahn">Berlin U-Bahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brussels_Metro" title="Brussels Metro">Brussels Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Metro" title="Istanbul Metro">Istanbul Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisbon_Metro" title="Lisbon Metro">Lisbon Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway">London DLR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground">London Underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrid_Metro" title="Madrid Metro">Madrid Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oslo_Metro" title="Oslo Metro">Oslo Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro">Paris Métro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_Express_R%C3%A9gional" title="Réseau Express Régional">Paris RER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyne_and_Wear_Metro" title="Tyne and Wear Metro">Tyne and Wear Metro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #0249FE;">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Atlanta_Rapid_Transit_Authority" title="Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority">Atlanta MARTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Rapid_Transit" title="Bay Area Rapid Transit">Bay Area Rapid Transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires_Underground" title="Buenos Aires Underground">Buenos Aires Underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyline_(Honolulu)" title="Skyline (Honolulu)">Honolulu Skyline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico_City_Metro" title="Mexico City Metro">Mexico City Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Metro" title="Montreal Metro">Montreal Metro</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York City Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PATH_(rail_system)" title="PATH (rail system)">New Jersey / New York PATH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-Train" title="O-Train">Ottawa O-Train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro_Metro" title="Rio de Janeiro Metro">Rio de Janeiro Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_Metro" title="Santiago Metro">Santiago Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Metro" title="São Paulo Metro">São Paulo Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_subway" title="Toronto subway">Toronto subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SkyTrain_(Vancouver)" title="SkyTrain (Vancouver)">Vancouver SkyTrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro" title="Washington Metro">Washington Metro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #00AA00;">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Metro" title="Sydney Metro">Sydney Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Trains" title="Sydney Trains">Sydney Trains</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Subway_Series" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Subway_Series" title="Template:Subway Series"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Subway_Series" title="Template talk:Subway Series"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Subway_Series" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Subway Series"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Subway_Series" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Subway_Series" title="Subway Series">Subway Series</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">American Association</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Bridegrooms" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Bridegrooms">Brooklyn Bridegrooms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">American League</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National League</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Dodgers" title="Brooklyn Dodgers">Brooklyn Dodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants_(baseball)" title="New York Giants (baseball)">New York Giants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Mets" title="New York Mets">New York Mets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stadiums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dodgers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ebbets_Field" title="Ebbets Field">Ebbets Field</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Giants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polo_Grounds" title="Polo Grounds">Polo Grounds</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shea_Stadium" title="Shea Stadium">Shea Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citi_Field" title="Citi Field">Citi Field</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yankees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium_(1923)" title="Yankee Stadium (1923)">Yankee Stadium (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium" title="Yankee Stadium">Yankee Stadium (II)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dodgers%E2%80%93Giants_rivalry" title="Dodgers–Giants rivalry">Dodgers–Giants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giants%E2%80%93Yankees_rivalry" title="Giants–Yankees rivalry">Giants–Yankees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodgers%E2%80%93Yankees_rivalry" title="Dodgers–Yankees rivalry">Dodgers–Yankees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mets%E2%80%93Yankees_rivalry" title="Mets–Yankees rivalry">Mets–Yankees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">World Series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridegrooms–Giants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1889_World_Series" title="1889 World Series">1889</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Giants–Yankees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1921_World_Series" title="1921 World Series">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_World_Series" title="1922 World Series">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_World_Series" title="1923 World Series">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_World_Series" title="1936 World Series">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_World_Series" title="1937 World Series">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_World_Series" title="1951 World Series">1951</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dodgers–Yankees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1941_World_Series" title="1941 World Series">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_World_Series" title="1947 World Series">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_World_Series" title="1949 World Series">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_World_Series" title="1952 World Series">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_World_Series" title="1953 World Series">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_World_Series" title="1955 World Series">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_World_Series" title="1956 World Series">1956</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mets–Yankees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_World_Series" title="2000 World Series">2000</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Histories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Dodgers" title="Brooklyn Dodgers">Brooklyn Bridegrooms/Dodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants_(National_League)" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Giants (National League)">New York Giants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_Mets" title="History of the New York Mets">New York Mets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_Yankees" title="History of the New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interleague_play" title="Interleague play">Interleague play</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York City Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball_rivalries" title="Major League Baseball rivalries">Major League Baseball rivalries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7733#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7733#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7733#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/288857179">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2008112353">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007547485205171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&oldid=1259822138">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&oldid=1259822138</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rail_transportation_in_the_New_York_metropolitan_area" title="Category:Rail transportation in the New York metropolitan area">Rail transportation in the New York metropolitan area</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:New_York_City_Subway" title="Category:New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:600_V_DC_railway_electrification" title="Category:600 V DC railway electrification">600 V DC railway electrification</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Railway_lines_opened_in_1863" title="Category:Railway lines opened in 1863">Railway lines opened in 1863</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rapid_transit_in_New_York_(state)" title="Category:Rapid transit in New York (state)">Rapid transit in New York (state)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Standard_gauge_railways_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Standard gauge railways in the United States">Standard gauge railways in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Underground_rapid_transit_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Underground rapid transit in the United States">Underground rapid transit in the United States</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_March_2018" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from March 2018">Articles with dead external links from March 2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_September_2024" title="Category:Use American English from September 2024">Use American English from September 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English">All Wikipedia articles written in American English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_September_2024" title="Category:Use mdy dates from September 2024">Use mdy dates from September 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Good_articles" title="Category:Good articles">Good articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2018" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2019" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_May_2024" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from May 2024">Articles containing potentially dated statements from May 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_January_2022" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2022">Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_accuracy_disputes" title="Category:All accuracy disputes">All accuracy disputes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_disputed_statements_from_January_2024" title="Category:Articles with disputed statements from January 2024">Articles with disputed statements from January 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_August_2023" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from August 2023">Articles containing potentially dated statements from August 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2024" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2024">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_New_York_City_Subway_service_templates" title="Category:Pages using New York City Subway service templates">Pages using New York City Subway service templates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2022" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2022">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2021" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2021">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_October_2021" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from October 2021">Articles containing potentially dated statements from October 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_February_2022" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from February 2022">Articles containing potentially dated statements from February 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_using_KML_not_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Articles using KML not from Wikidata">Articles using KML not from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia" title="Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia">Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_hidden_wikidata" title="Category:Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata">Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_video_clips" title="Category:Articles containing video clips">Articles containing video clips</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 27 November 2024, at 07:11 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_City_Subway&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-cc877b49b-9258x","wgBackendResponseTime":220,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"4.012","walltime":"4.655","ppvisitednodes":{"value":48928,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":1402270,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":131136,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":22,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":46,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1704130,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 3951.412 1 -total"," 55.00% 2173.332 2 Template:Reflist"," 23.62% 933.456 247 Template:Cite_web"," 19.22% 759.347 156 Template:Cite_news"," 8.63% 340.943 36 Template:Navbox"," 5.28% 208.453 1 Template:Navboxes"," 4.49% 177.598 1 Template:NYCS_const/table"," 4.41% 174.280 1 Template:Infobox_public_transit"," 4.26% 168.419 1 Template:Infobox"," 3.88% 153.326 7 Template:Cite_bklyn"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"2.149","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":14085748,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-profile":[["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","360","16.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","300","13.6"],["?","260","11.8"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","260","11.8"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","180","8.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","80","3.6"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","80","3.6"],["format","60","2.7"],["init \u003CModule:Citation/CS1/Identifiers\u003E","60","2.7"],["\u003Cmw.title.lua:50\u003E","40","1.8"],["[others]","520","23.6"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-9884d96b7-qt5dq","timestamp":"20241127071127","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"New York City Subway","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_City_Subway","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7733","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7733","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-07-31T20:18:19Z","dateModified":"2024-11-27T07:11:22Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/3a\/Bombardier_R62A_%E2%80%9C1%E2%80%9D_Train_arriving_into_207th_Street_-_November_2022.jpg","headline":"rapid transit system in New York City"}</script> </body> </html>