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Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%9F%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%A0%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_(1689)" title="Βαπτιστική Ομολογία Πίστης (1689) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βαπτιστική Ομολογία Πίστης (1689)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confesi%C3%B3n_de_Fe_(1689)" title="Confesión de Fe (1689) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Confesión de Fe (1689)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confession_de_foi_baptiste_(1689)" title="Confession de foi baptiste (1689) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Confession de foi baptiste (1689)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1689_%EC%B9%A8%EB%A1%80%EC%8B%A0%EC%95%99%EA%B3%A0%EB%B0%B1" title="1689 침례신앙고백 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1689 침례신앙고백" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confessione_di_fede_battista_del_1689" title="Confessione di fede battista del 1689 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Confessione di fede battista del 1689" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baptistu_tic%C4%ABbas_apliec%C4%ABba_(1689)" title="Baptistu ticības apliecība (1689) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Baptistu ticības apliecība (1689)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%B3%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0%E5%91%8A%E7%99%BD" title="第二ロンドン信仰告白 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="第二ロンドン信仰告白" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londy%C5%84skie_Wyznanie_Wiary_z_1689_roku" title="Londyńskie Wyznanie Wiary z 1689 roku – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Londyńskie Wyznanie Wiary z 1689 roku" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confiss%C3%A3o_de_F%C3%A9_(1689)" title="Confissão de Fé (1689) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Confissão de Fé (1689)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%83rturisirea_de_credin%C8%9B%C4%83_baptist%C4%83_de_la_Londra" title="Mărturisirea de credință baptistă de la Londra – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mărturisirea de credință baptistă de la Londra" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_1689_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Баптистское вероисповедание 1689 года – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Баптистское вероисповедание 1689 года" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lontoon_baptistien_uskontunnustus_1689" title="Lontoon baptistien uskontunnustus 1689 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lontoon baptistien uskontunnustus 1689" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1689_Baptist_Confession_of_Faith" title="1689 Baptist Confession of Faith – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1689 Baptist Confession of Faith" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Document written about the Baptist Christian faith</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p>The Confession of Faith (1689), also known as the <b>1689 Baptist Confession of Faith</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-A1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BCF1689_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BCF1689-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the <b>Second London Baptist Confession of Faith</b> (to distinguish it from the <a href="/wiki/Confession_of_Faith_(1644)" title="Confession of Faith (1644)">1644 London Baptist Confession of Faith</a>), is a <a href="/wiki/Particular_Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Particular Baptist">Particular Baptist</a> <a href="/wiki/Confession_of_faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Confession of faith">confession of faith</a>. It was written by <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">English</a> <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a> who subscribed to a <a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Calvinistic</a> <a href="/wiki/Soteriology" title="Soteriology">soteriology</a> as well as to a <a href="/wiki/Covenant_theology" title="Covenant theology">covenantal</a> (yet non-<a href="/wiki/Westminster_Confession_of_Faith" title="Westminster Confession of Faith">Westminsterian</a>) <a href="/wiki/Systematic_theology" title="Systematic theology">systematic theology</a>. Because it was adopted by the Philadelphia Association of Baptist Churches in the 18th century, it is also known as the <b>Philadelphia Confession of Faith</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaff1877_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaff1877-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Philadelphia Confession, however, was a modification of the Second London Confession; it added an allowance for the singing of hymns, psalms, and spiritual songs in the <a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Supper" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord's Supper">Lord's Supper</a> and made optional the <a href="/wiki/Laying_on_of_hands" title="Laying on of hands">laying on of hands</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">baptism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-A2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Confession_of_Faith_(1689)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Confession was first published in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> in 1677 under the title "A confession of Faith put forth by the Elders and Brethren of many Congregations of Christians, Baptized upon Profession of their Faith in London and the Country.<sup id="cite_ref-Garrett2009_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Garrett2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With an Appendix concerning Baptism."<sup id="cite_ref-Schaff1877_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaff1877-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was a revision of the <a href="/wiki/Savoy_Declaration" title="Savoy Declaration">Savoy Declaration</a> (1658) with modifications to reflect Baptist theology.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaff1877_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaff1877-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Savoy</i> is itself a revision of the <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Confession_of_Faith" title="Westminster Confession of Faith">Westminster Confession</a> (1646) from <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_polity" title="Presbyterian polity">presbyterian</a> to <a href="/wiki/Congregationalist_polity" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregationalist polity">congregational church polity</a>. The Confession was published again, under the same title, in 1688 and 1689.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaff1877_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaff1877-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Melton2014_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2014-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Toleration_1689" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Toleration 1689">Act of Toleration</a> passed by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">Parliament of England</a> in 1689 enabled <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">religious freedom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Religious_pluralism" title="Religious pluralism">plurality</a> to co-exist alongside the established churches in England and Scotland. In response to the Act, representatives from over 100 Particular Baptist churches gathered in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> from 3–12 September of 1689 to discuss and endorse the 1677 document. Thus, despite the fact that the document was written in 1677, the official preface to the Confession has ensured that it would be known as the "1689 Baptist Confession of Faith."<sup id="cite_ref-Melton2014_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton2014-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contents">Contents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Confession_of_Faith_(1689)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Contents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Confession consists of 32 chapters, as well as an introduction and a list of signatories. </p> <ol><li>Of the Holy Scriptures</li> <li>Of God and the Holy Trinity</li> <li>Of God's Decree</li> <li>Of Creation</li> <li>Of Divine Providence</li> <li>Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment Thereof</li> <li>Of God's Covenant</li> <li>Of Christ the Mediator</li> <li>Of Free Will</li> <li>Of Effectual Calling</li> <li>Of Justification</li> <li>Of Adoption</li> <li>Of Sanctification</li> <li>Of Saving Faith</li> <li>Of Repentance Unto Life and Salvation</li> <li>Of Good Works</li> <li>Of the Perseverance of the Saints</li> <li>Of the Assurance of Grace and Salvation</li> <li>Of the Law of God</li> <li>Of the Gospel and the Extent of Grace</li> <li>Of Christian Liberty and Liberty of Conscience</li> <li>Of Religious Worship and the Sabbath Day</li> <li>Of Lawful Oaths and Vows</li> <li>Of the Civil Magistrate</li> <li>Of Marriage</li> <li>Of the Church</li> <li>Of the Communion of Saints</li> <li>Of Baptism and the Lord's Supper</li> <li>Of Baptism</li> <li>Of the Lord's Supper</li> <li>Of the State of Man After Death, and of the Resurrection of the Dead</li> <li>Of the Last Judgment</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distinctives">Distinctives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Confession_of_Faith_(1689)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Distinctives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Biblical_law" title="Biblical law">law's</a> continued value for Christians - while <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Christ</a> "abrogated" the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Leviticus" title="Book of Leviticus">Levitical</a> <i>ceremonial</i> laws, the Confession cites Christ to have "strengthened this obligation" to obey the "moral" law expressed in the Ten Commandments, which "for ever binds all."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Forbids <a href="/wiki/Prayer_for_the_dead" title="Prayer for the dead">prayers for the dead</a>, whether faithful or damned.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabbatarianism" title="Sabbatarianism">Sabbatarianism</a> - A weekly <a href="/wiki/Sabbath" title="Sabbath">Sabbath</a> day is prescribed and believed "to be continued to the end of the world" but a 7th year annual sabbath is ignored (cf. Lev. 25ff.)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Marriage is a monogamous heterosexual ordinance.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Intermarriage - Christians ought not intermarry with other religions, nor with any who believe "damnable heresies," but are to marry "in the Lord," and thereby not be "unequally yoked."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Two church offices - (1) <a href="/wiki/Elder_(Christianity)" title="Elder (Christianity)">elders</a> (also called "bishops" or "pastors") and (2) <a href="/wiki/Deacons" class="mw-redirect" title="Deacons">deacons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hell" title="Hell">Eternal torment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>An open view on the <a href="/wiki/Millennialism#Christianity" title="Millennialism">millennium</a>. The Confession does not espouse a particular view on the millennium (cf. chapter 32).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influences">Influences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Confession_of_Faith_(1689)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Influences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Particular Baptists were quick to develop churches in colonial America, and in 1707 the <a href="/wiki/General_Six-Principle_Baptists" title="General Six-Principle Baptists">Philadelphia Baptist Association</a> was formed.<sup id="cite_ref-DOCA:_Philadelphia_Baptist_Association_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOCA:_Philadelphia_Baptist_Association-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This association formally adopted the 1689 Confession in 1742<sup id="cite_ref-DOCA:_Philadelphia_Baptist_Association_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOCA:_Philadelphia_Baptist_Association-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after years of tacit endorsement by individual churches and congregational members. With the addition of two chapters (on the singing of psalms and the laying on of hands), it was retitled <i>The Philadelphia Confession of Faith</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-A3_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further Calvinistic Baptist church associations formed in the mid-late 18th century adopted the Confession as "The Baptist Confession."<sup id="cite_ref-Cathcart2001_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cathcart2001-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_usage">Current usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Confession_of_Faith_(1689)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Current usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Baptist churches around the world continue to subscribe to the 1689 Baptist Confession as the fullest statement of their beliefs. Many 1689 churches are listed in directories like the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reformedwiki.com/reformed-baptist-church-directory">Reformed Wiki</a>, the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://farese.com/list/">Farese Church Directory</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://1689.com/churches">1689 Church Directory</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Reformed_Baptist_denominations" title="List of Reformed Baptist denominations">List of Reformed Baptist denominations</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modernizations">Modernizations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Confession_of_Faith_(1689)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Modernizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Efforts have been made in recent years to modernize the language of the 1689 Baptist Confession to make it more accessible to contemporary readers. Some approaches are rather free, such as SM Houghton's <i>A Faith to Confess,</i> while others, such as Jeremy Walker's <i>Rooted and Grounded,</i> are more conservative<i>.</i> Still others, like Stan Reeve's <i>The 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith In Modern English</i> lie somewhere between. A comparison from the first paragraph demonstrates this:</p><blockquote><p>". . . which maketh the Holy Scriptures to be most necessary, those former ways of God's revealing His will unto His people being now ceased." (<a href="/wiki/Banner_of_Truth_Trust" title="Banner of Truth Trust">Banner of Truth</a>, 1689)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"And as the manner in which God formerly revealed His will has long ceased, the Holy Scripture becomes absolutely essential to men." (A Faith to Confess, 1975)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"This means that the Holy Scriptures are most necessary, because God’s former ways of revealing his will to his people have now ended." (Rooted and Grounded, 2021)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"Therefore, the Holy Scriptures are absolutely necessary, because God's former ways of revealing His will to His people have now ceased." (The 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith in Modern English, 2017)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_expositions">Modern expositions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Confession_of_Faith_(1689)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Modern expositions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several expositions of the 2LBCF have been published in recent years. </p><p><i>A Modern Exposition of the 1689 Baptist Confession</i>, by Samuel Waldron, first published in 1989, was one of the first influential expositions of the confession in recent years.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has remained an influential work ever since, going through several editions, revisions, and corrections. Since it was first published, reformed Baptist scholarship has matured in several respects, particularly regarding covenant theology.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, it remains a respected source for understanding the theology of the 2LBCF. </p><p><i>A New Exposition of the London Baptist Confession of Faith</i>, edited by Rob Ventura, is a collection of essays written by various reformed Baptist pastors and scholars expounding upon the theology of the 2LBCF.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>To the Judicious and Impartial Reader</i>, by James Renihan is part of a multi-volume series covering 17th century reformed Baptist documents.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Renihan's work is much larger than that of Waldron or Ventura. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Confession_of_Faith_(1689)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-A1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A1_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reformed.org/documents/baptist_1689.html"><i>The 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith</i></a>, Documents, Reformed</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+1689+Baptist+Confession+of+Faith&rft.series=Documents&rft.pub=Reformed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reformed.org%2Fdocuments%2Fbaptist_1689.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BCF1689-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BCF1689_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1689 Baptist Confession of Faith"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1689_Baptist_Confession_of_Faith"><i>1689 Baptist Confession of Faith</i> </a></span>. 1689 – via <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1689+Baptist+Confession+of+Faith&rft.date=1689&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schaff1877-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schaff1877_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schaff1877_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schaff1877_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schaff1877_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchaff1877" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Schaff, Philip (1877). "The Baptist Confession of 1688 (The Philadelphia Confession)". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8vt3JbWlmLoC&pg=PT651"><i>The Creeds of Christendom</i></a> (entry). Vol. 3 - The Creeds of the Evangelical Protestant Churches. New York: Harper & Bros. pp. 651–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61025-039-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61025-039-9"><bdi>978-1-61025-039-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Baptist+Confession+of+1688+%28The+Philadelphia+Confession%29&rft.btitle=The+Creeds+of+Christendom&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=651-&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Bros&rft.date=1877&rft.isbn=978-1-61025-039-9&rft.aulast=Schaff&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8vt3JbWlmLoC%26pg%3DPT651&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A2_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeonard2012" class="citation book cs1">Leonard, Bill J (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Le7LEWFTNGUC&pg=PA285"><i>Baptists in America</i></a>. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780231501712" title="Special:BookSources/9780231501712"><bdi>9780231501712</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Baptists+in+America&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780231501712&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=Bill+J&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLe7LEWFTNGUC%26pg%3DPA285&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Garrett2009-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Garrett2009_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James Leo Garrett, <i>Baptist Theology: A Four-century Study</i>, Mercer University Press, USA, 2009, p. 72</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton2014-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Melton2014_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Melton2014_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Gordon Melton, <i>Faiths Across Time</i>, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2014, p. 1258</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the1689confession.com/1689/chapter-19">"The 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith, Chapter 19 Of the Law of God, Paragraph 3, 5"</a>. 14 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+1689+Baptist+Confession+of+Faith%2C+Chapter+19+Of+the+Law+of+God%2C+Paragraph+3%2C+5&rft.date=2017-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the1689confession.com%2F1689%2Fchapter-19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the1689confession.com/1689/chapter-22">"Chapter 22 of Religious Worship and the Sabbath Day, Paragraph 4"</a>. 11 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chapter+22+of+Religious+Worship+and+the+Sabbath+Day%2C+Paragraph+4&rft.date=2017-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the1689confession.com%2F1689%2Fchapter-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the1689confession.com/1689/chapter-22">"Chapter 22 of Religious Worship and the Sabbath Day, Paragraph 7"</a>. 11 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chapter+22+of+Religious+Worship+and+the+Sabbath+Day%2C+Paragraph+7&rft.date=2017-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the1689confession.com%2F1689%2Fchapter-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the1689confession.com/1689/chapter-25">"Chapter 25 of Marriage, Paragraph 1"</a>. 8 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chapter+25+of+Marriage%2C+Paragraph+1&rft.date=2017-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the1689confession.com%2F1689%2Fchapter-25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the1689confession.com/1689/chapter-25">"Chapter 25 of Marriage, Paragraph 3"</a>. 8 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chapter+25+of+Marriage%2C+Paragraph+3&rft.date=2017-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the1689confession.com%2F1689%2Fchapter-25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the1689confession.com/1689/chapter-26">"1689 Baptist Confession of Faith, Chapter 26 Of the Church, Paragraph 9, 11"</a>. 7 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1689+Baptist+Confession+of+Faith%2C+Chapter+26+Of+the+Church%2C+Paragraph+9%2C+11&rft.date=2017-05-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the1689confession.com%2F1689%2Fchapter-26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the1689confession.com/1689/chapter-32">"The 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith, Chapter 32 Of the Last Judgement, Paragraph 2"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Philadelphia+Confession+of+Faith&rft.pub=The+Spurgeon+Archive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spurgeon.org%2F~phil%2Fcreeds%2Fphila.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cathcart2001-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cathcart2001_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Cathcart, <i>The Baptist Encyclopedia - Volume 2</i>, The Baptist Standard Bearer, USA, 2001, p. 573</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://banneroftruth.org/uk/store/theology/the-baptist-confession-of-faith/"><i>The Baptist Confession of Faith</i></a>. 6 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Baptist+Confession+of+Faith&rft.date=2018-09-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbanneroftruth.org%2Fuk%2Fstore%2Ftheology%2Fthe-baptist-confession-of-faith%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.solid-ground-books.com/detail_136.asp">"SGCB | A FAITH TO CONFESS: The 1689 London Baptist Confession in Modern English"</a>. <i>www.solid-ground-books.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.solid-ground-books.com&rft.atitle=SGCB+%7C+A+FAITH+TO+CONFESS%3A+The+1689+London+Baptist+Confession+in+Modern+English&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.solid-ground-books.com%2Fdetail_136.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFwww.thoughtcollective.com" class="citation web cs1">www.thoughtcollective.com, Thought Collective. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.10ofthose.com/uk/products/28084/rooted-and-grounded">"Rooted and Grounded by Jeremy Walker"</a>. <i>10ofthose.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=10ofthose.com&rft.atitle=Rooted+and+Grounded+by+Jeremy+Walker&rft.aulast=www.thoughtcollective.com&rft.aufirst=Thought+Collective&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.10ofthose.com%2Fuk%2Fproducts%2F28084%2Frooted-and-grounded&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReeves2017" class="citation book cs1">Reeves, Stan (2017). <i>The 1689 Baptist Confession in Modern English</i>. Cape Coral, FL: Founder's PRess. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-943539-04-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-943539-04-8"><bdi>978-1-943539-04-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+1689+Baptist+Confession+in+Modern+English&rft.place=Cape+Coral%2C+FL&rft.pub=Founder%27s+PRess&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-943539-04-8&rft.aulast=Reeves&rft.aufirst=Stan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaldron2016" class="citation book cs1">Waldron, Samuel (2016). <i>A modern Exposition of the 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith</i> (5th ed.). Welwyn Garden City, UK, AL7 1TS: EP Books. pp. cover page. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78397-187-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78397-187-9"><bdi>978-1-78397-187-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+modern+Exposition+of+the+1689+Baptist+Confession+of+Faith&rft.place=Welwyn+Garden+City%2C+UK%2C+AL7+1TS&rft.pages=cover+page&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=EP+Books&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-78397-187-9&rft.aulast=Waldron&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location" title="Category:CS1 maint: location">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaldron2016" class="citation book cs1">Waldron, Samuel (2016). <i>A Modern Exposition of the 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith</i> (5th ed.). Welwyn Garden City, UK, AL7 1TS: EP Books. p. 128. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78397-187-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78397-187-9"><bdi>978-1-78397-187-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Modern+Exposition+of+the+1689+Baptist+Confession+of+Faith&rft.place=Welwyn+Garden+City%2C+UK%2C+AL7+1TS&rft.pages=128&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=EP+Books&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-78397-187-9&rft.aulast=Waldron&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location" title="Category:CS1 maint: location">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVentura2022" class="citation book cs1">Ventura, Rob (2022). <i>A New Exposition of London Baptist Confession of Faith of 1689</i>. Geanies House, Fearn, Ross-shire, IV20 1TW, Scotland, UK: Mentor. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5271-0890-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5271-0890-5"><bdi>978-1-5271-0890-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+New+Exposition+of+London+Baptist+Confession+of+Faith+of+1689&rft.place=Geanies+House%2C+Fearn%2C+Ross-shire%2C+IV20+1TW%2C+Scotland%2C+UK&rft.pub=Mentor&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1-5271-0890-5&rft.aulast=Ventura&rft.aufirst=Rob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location" title="Category:CS1 maint: location">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRenihan2022" class="citation book cs1">Renihan, James (2022). <i>To the Judicious and Impartial Reader</i>. Cape Coral, FL: Founders Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-943539-34-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-943539-34-5"><bdi>978-1-943539-34-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=To+the+Judicious+and+Impartial+Reader&rft.place=Cape+Coral%2C+FL&rft.pub=Founders+Press&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1-943539-34-5&rft.aulast=Renihan&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConfession+of+Faith+%281689%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Confession_of_Faith_(1689)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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confessions of faith</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Continental<br />Reformed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tetrapolitan_Confession" title="Tetrapolitan Confession">Tetrapolitan Confession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helvetic_Confessions" title="Helvetic Confessions">Helvetic Confessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consensus_Tigurinus" title="Consensus Tigurinus">Consensus Tigurinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Confession_of_Faith" title="French Confession of Faith">French Confession of Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Forms_of_Unity" title="Three Forms of Unity">Three Forms of Unity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_Catechism" title="Heidelberg Catechism">Heidelberg Catechism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgic_Confession" title="Belgic Confession">Belgic Confession</a></li> <li><a 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