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Available in 107 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-107" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">107 забон</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Аетнос – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аетнос" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etniese_groep" title="Etniese groep – африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Etniese groep" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnie" title="Ethnie – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ethnie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D8%AB%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مجموعة إثنية – арабӣ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجموعة إثنية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%87_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%87" title="مجموعه عرقيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مجموعه عرقيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnik_qrup" title="Etnik qrup – озарбойҷонӣ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Etnik qrup" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="озарбойҷонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE" title="اتنیک قوروپ – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اتنیک قوروپ" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Етническа група – булғорӣ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Етническа група" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="булғорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="एथ्निसिटी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="एथ्निसिटी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A7%80" title="নৃগোষ্ঠী – бинғолӣ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নৃগোষ্ঠী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бинғолӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etni%C4%8Dka_grupa" title="Etnička grupa – босниягӣ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Etnička grupa" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88tnia" title="Ètnia – каталонӣ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ètnia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="گرووپی نەتەوەیی – курдии марказӣ" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گرووپی نەتەوەیی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="курдии марказӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnikum" title="Etnikum – чехӣ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Etnikum" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чехӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C5%B5p_ethnig" title="Grŵp ethnig – валлӣ" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Grŵp ethnig" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnicitet" title="Etnicitet – даниягӣ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Etnicitet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="даниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balli" title="Balli – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Balli" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnie" title="Ethnie – немисӣ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ethnie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gruba_etnike" title="Gruba etnike – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Gruba etnike" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpung_tinaru" title="Simpung tinaru – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Simpung tinaru" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Εθνοτική ομάδα – юнонӣ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εθνοτική ομάδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="юнонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_group" title="Ethnic group – Англисӣ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ethnic group" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Англисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etno" title="Etno – эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Etno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia – испанӣ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia – баскӣ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etninen_ryhm%C3%A4" title="Etninen ryhmä – финӣ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Etninen ryhmä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnie" title="Ethnie – франсузӣ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ethnie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франсузӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88tnia" title="Ètnia – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ètnia" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BApa_eitneach" title="Grúpa eitneach – ирландӣ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Grúpa eitneach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buidheann_cinneachail" title="Buidheann cinneachail – шотландии гэлӣ" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Buidheann cinneachail" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотландии гэлӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia – галисиягӣ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисиягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%A5" title="વંશીય જૂથ – гуҷаротӣ" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વંશીય જૂથ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="гуҷаротӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possan_kynneeagh" title="Possan kynneeagh – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Possan kynneeagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="אתניות – ибронӣ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אתניות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ибронӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9" title="जातीय समूह – ҳиндӣ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जातीय समूह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ҳиндӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etni%C4%8Dka_skupina" title="Etnička skupina – хорватӣ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Etnička skupina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnikum" title="Etnikum – маҷорӣ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Etnikum" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="маҷорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%A9%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%A2" title="Էթնիկական խումբ – арманӣ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էթնիկական խումբ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_ti_etniko" title="Grupo ti etniko – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Grupo ti etniko" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Ej%C3%B3%C3%B0arbrot" title="Þjóðarbrot – исландӣ" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Þjóðarbrot" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia – италиявӣ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиявӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="民族 – японӣ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="民族" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golongan_%C3%A8tnik" title="Golongan ètnik – Ҷаванизӣ" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Golongan ètnik" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Ҷаванизӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ეთნოსი – гурҷӣ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ეთნოსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="гурҷӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azdar" title="Azdar – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Azdar" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Этникалық топ – қазоқӣ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Этникалық топ" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="қазоқӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7" title="ក្រុមជនជាតិ – кхмерӣ" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ក្រុមជនជាតិ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="кхмерӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಜನಾಂಗೀಯ ಗುಂಪುಗಳು – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜನಾಂಗೀಯ ಗುಂಪುಗಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EC%A1%B1" title="민족 – кореягӣ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="민족" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="кореягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koma_etn%C3%AEk" title="Koma etnîk – курдӣ" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Koma etnîk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagas_ethnek" title="Bagas ethnek – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Bagas ethnek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnos" title="Ethnos – лотинӣ" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ethnos" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="лотинӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etniciteit" title="Etniciteit – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Etniciteit" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnin%C4%97_grup%C4%97" title="Etninė grupė – литвонӣ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Etninė grupė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnisk%C4%81_grupa" title="Etniskā grupa – латишӣ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Etniskā grupa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латишӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vondrom-poko" title="Vondrom-poko – малагасӣ" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Vondrom-poko" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalompok_etnik" title="Kalompok etnik – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kalompok etnik" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Етничка група – мақдунӣ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Етничка група" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="мақдунӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ястан – муғулӣ" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ястан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="муғулӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelompok_etnik" title="Kelompok etnik – малайӣ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kelompok etnik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%85%E1%80%AF" title="လူမျိုးစု – бирманӣ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လူမျိုးစု" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etniciteit" title="Etniciteit – голландӣ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Etniciteit" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnisitet" title="Etnisitet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Etnisitet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnisitet" title="Etnisitet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Etnisitet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia – окситанӣ" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnine_joukko" title="Etnine joukko – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Etnine joukko" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%82%E0%AC%9A%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A4_%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BF" title="ଅନୁସୂଚିତ ଜାତି – одия" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଅନୁସୂଚିତ ଜାତି" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="одия" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B9" title="ਨਸਲੀ ਸਮੂਹ – панҷобӣ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਸਲੀ ਸਮੂਹ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панҷобӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupa_etniczna" title="Grupa etniczna – лаҳистонӣ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grupa etniczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="лаҳистонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%85%DA%89%D9%84%D9%87" title="توکمډله – пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="توکمډله" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_%C3%A9tnico" title="Grupo étnico – португалӣ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Grupo étnico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grup_etnic" title="Grup etnic – руминӣ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grup etnic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="руминӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Этническая группа – русӣ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Этническая группа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_group" title="Ethnic group – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ethnic group" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%BE" title="نسلي گروھ – синдӣ" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="نسلي گروھ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etni%C4%8Dka_grupa" title="Etnička grupa – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Etnička grupa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%B8%E1%81%A2%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B6%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="ජාතිය – сингалӣ" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජාතිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_group" title="Ethnic group – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ethnic group" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnikum" title="Etnikum – словакӣ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Etnikum" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словакӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etni%C4%8Dna_skupina" title="Etnična skupina – словенӣ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Etnična skupina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudzi" title="Rudzi – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Rudzi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia – албанӣ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Etnia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Етничка група – сербӣ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Етничка група" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelompok_%C3%A9tnik" title="Kelompok étnik – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kelompok étnik" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnisk_grupp" title="Etnisk grupp – шведӣ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Etnisk grupp" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabila" title="Kabila – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kabila" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/binacadan" title="binacadan – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="binacadan" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81" title="இனக் குழு – тамилӣ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இனக் குழு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%8C" title="กลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ – тайӣ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กลุ่มชาติพันธุ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangkat_etniko" title="Pangkat etniko – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pangkat etniko" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnik_grup" title="Etnik grup – туркӣ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Etnik grup" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="туркӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Етнічна спільність – украинӣ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Етнічна спільність" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="نسلیت – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نسلیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etnik_guruh" title="Etnik guruh – ӯзбекӣ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Etnik guruh" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ӯзбекӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BA%AFc_t%E1%BB%99c" title="Sắc tộc – ветнамӣ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sắc tộc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ветнамӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%8F%E7%BE%A4" title="族群 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="族群" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuzwe" title="Ubuzwe – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ubuzwe" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ეთნოსი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ეთნოსი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A2" title="עטנישע גרופע – идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="עטנישע גרופע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%B8%CC%80y%C3%A0_%C3%A8n%C3%ACy%C3%A0n" title="Ẹ̀yà ènìyàn – йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹ̀yà ènìyàn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B3%E2%B4%B3%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵡⵙⵉⵜ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵡⵙⵉⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A8%AE%E4%BA%BA" title="種人 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="種人" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cho%CC%8Dk-k%C3%BBn" title="Cho̍k-kûn – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Cho̍k-kûn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%8F%E8%A3%94" title="族裔 – 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hreflang="en"><span>Викианбор</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41710" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Элементи Викидода</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Зоҳир"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tg" dir="ltr"><p><b>Қавмият</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Забони форсӣ">форсӣ:</a> <span lang="fa" dir="rtl" style="font-style:tahoma;font-size:1.2em">قومیت</span>‎ аз <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D3%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Забони англисӣ">англ.</a> <span lang="en" style="font-style:italic;">ethnicity</span>), <b>гурӯҳи қавмӣ</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Забони форсӣ">форсӣ:</a> <span lang="fa" dir="rtl" style="font-style:tahoma;font-size:1.2em">گروه قومی</span>‎ аз <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D3%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Забони англисӣ">англ.</a> <span lang="en" style="font-style:italic;">ethnic group</span>) — як қисми қавм, халқият ва <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Миллат">миллат</a>, ки бо сабаби чандин омилҳо аз он ҷудо шуда, баъзе хусусиятҳои муҳимми забон ва фарҳанги худро нигоҳ доштааст; маҷмуи устувори одамони таърихан дар марзи ҷудогона иқоматкунанда, ки умумияти ба ҳам наздики забонӣ ва фарҳангӣ доранд. Мас., эрониҳои қадим, славянҳои қадим, олмониҳои қадим. </p><p>Дар Тоҷикистон гурӯҳи қавмӣ арабҳо, балуҷҳо, эрониҳо, қарлуқҳо, <a href="/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%87%D0%BE%D2%9B%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Қипчоқҳо">қипчоқҳо</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Туркҳо">туркҳо</a>, туркманҳо, русҳо ва ғайра мебошанд. Гурӯҳи қавмӣ бо роҳи табиии таърихӣ барпо мешавад ва инкишоф меёбад, бевосита ба иродаи одамони алоҳидаи шомили он вобаста набуда, қобилияти ҳастии дурударози садсолаҳо худ аз худ афзоишёбӣ дорад, ки дар дарки ягонагии худ ва фарқият аз дигар умумиятҳо, дар мавҷудияти худномгузорӣ ё номи умумӣ барои гурӯҳи худ ифода меёбад. </p><p>Гурӯҳи қавмиро чунин умумияти одамон ташкил мекунад: </p> <ul><li>мардуме, ки дар вақташ ватани аслии таърихиашонро тарк карда, муқими кишварҳову минтақаҳои дигар гаштаанд;</li> <li>мардуме, ки дар натиҷаи муҳоҷират, рондашавӣ аз ҳудуди кишвар, тағйир ёфтани марзҳои кишвар аз қавму халқият ва миллати худ ҷудо шуда, дар дигар кишварҳо зиндагӣ мекунанд.</li></ul> <p>Одатан, гурӯҳи қавмӣ дар давлатҳои дигар ақаллияти миллиро ташкил медиҳад. Он тадриҷан аз насл ба насл он бо миллатҳое, ки ҳамроҳашон зиндагӣ мекунанд, омезиш меёбад. Хусусиятҳои этникии гурӯҳи қавмӣ аз байн меравад. </p><p>Намояндагии этникӣ усули ташкили ҳокимияти намояндагӣ аст, ки мувофиқи он вакилони муассисаи намояндагӣ на ҳамаи аҳолии мамлакат ё ягон минтақаи он, балки гурӯҳи муайяни этникиро намояндагӣ мекунанд. Дар давраи ҳозира ин усул хеле кам амал мекунад, зеро хилофи усули намояндагии баробар ва баробарҳуқуқии шаҳрвандон мебошад. Ҳодисаи нодир давлати ҷазиравии Фиҷи аст, ки дар он мувофиқи Конститутсияи соли 1991 намояндагии этникӣ асоси ташкили ҳамаи низоми мақомоти намояндагии ҳокимияти давлатӣ муқаррар шудааст. Дар як қатор давлатҳои демократӣ намояндагии этникӣ хислати ёрирасон дорад ва ҳамчун тарзи конститутсионии ҳимояи манфиати халқиятҳои камшумори тагҷоӣ, қисми ками вакилон аз ҳавзаҳои миллӣ интихоб мешаванд (дар Ҳиндустон, Словения ва баъзе давлатҳои дигар). </p><p>Баъзан ба ҷои гурӯҳи қавмӣ «умумияти этникӣ» истифода шуда, манзур аз он миллат, халқият, авлод – иттиҳоди одамон дар асоси умумияти забон, маънавӣ-фарҳангӣ, иҷтимоӣ-рӯҳӣ, инчунин дар бисёр мавридҳо умумияти маишӣ (тарзи зиндагонӣ) ва ҳудудӣ аст. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эзоҳ"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.B7.D0.BE.D2.B3"></span>Эзоҳ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BC%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Вироиши қисмат: Эзоҳ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BC%D3%A3&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Эзоҳ"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Адабиёт"><span id=".D0.90.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B8.D1.91.D1.82"></span>Адабиёт</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BC%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Вироиши қисмат: Адабиёт" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BC%D3%A3&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Адабиёт"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Большой юридический словарь. М. , 1999;</li> <li>Конституционное право. Энциклопедический словарь. М. , 2001.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Сарчашма"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.87.D0.B0.D1.88.D0.BC.D0.B0"></span>Сарчашма</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BC%D3%A3&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Вироиши қисмат: Сарчашма" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BC%D3%A3&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Сарчашма"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFЭМТ2015">Гурӯҳи этникӣ / А. Имомов // Вичлас — Гӯянда. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Душанбе">Д</span>. : <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Сарредаксияи илмии Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик">СИЭМТ</a>, 2015. — (<a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик">Энсиклопедияи Миллии Тоҷик</a> : <span class="nowrap">[<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1232970">.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}@media(hover:none){.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText:not(.rt-commentedText){border-bottom:0;cursor:auto}}</style><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" title="То ҳол 11 ҷилд чоп шудааст, нашр идома дорад.">тахм. 25 ҷ.</span>]</span> / <span class="nowrap"> сармуҳаррир <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%88%D0%BE%D2%B3%D3%A3" title="Нурмуҳаммад Амиршоҳӣ">Н. Амиршоҳӣ</a></span> ; 2011—2023, ҷ. 4). — <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D2%B3%D0%BE/9789994733774" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-99947-33-77-4</a>.</span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Баргирифта аз "<a dir="ltr" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Гурӯҳи_қавмӣ&oldid=1412916">https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Гурӯҳи_қавмӣ&oldid=1412916</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Вижа:Гурӯҳҳо">Гурӯҳҳо</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%82%D3%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Истилоҳоти қавмшинохтӣ (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Истилоҳоти қавмшинохтӣ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D3%A3" title="Гурӯҳ:Гурӯҳҳои этникӣ">Гурӯҳҳои этникӣ</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Гурӯҳҳои пинҳон: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B5,_%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%9C%D0%A2_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%88%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Гурӯҳ:Мақолаҳое, ки бар асоси маводи ЭМТ навишта шудаанд">Мақолаҳое, ки бар асоси маводи ЭМТ навишта шудаанд</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B5%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8_ISBN" title="Гурӯҳ:Саҳифаҳои дорои пайванди сеҳрноки ISBN">Саҳифаҳои дорои пайванди сеҳрноки ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ин саҳифаро бори охир дар 20 октябри 2024, 08:59 вироиш карда буданд.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Матн зери иҷозатномаи <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> дастрас мебошад, дигар иҷозатномаҳои иловагӣ низ ба кор бурда мешаванд. 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