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Tetrazene - Wikipedia
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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrazene" title="Tetrazene - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tetrazene" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrazene" title="Tetrazene - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tetrazene" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%86" title="تترازن - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تترازن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9traz%C3%A8ne" title="Tétrazène - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tétrazène" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%82%BC%E3%83%B3" title="テトラゼン - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="テトラゼン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="2-Тетразен - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="2-Тетразен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh 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Le informazioni hanno solo fine illustrativo, non esortativo né didattico. L'uso di Wikipedia è a proprio rischio: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disclaimer_sul_rischio" title="Wikipedia:Disclaimer sul rischio">leggi le avvertenze</a>.</span></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2-Tetrazene.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/2-Tetrazene.svg/220px-2-Tetrazene.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/2-Tetrazene.svg/330px-2-Tetrazene.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/2-Tetrazene.svg/440px-2-Tetrazene.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="162" /></a><figcaption>2-Tetrazene</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1-Tetrazene.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/1-Tetrazene.svg/220px-1-Tetrazene.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/1-Tetrazene.svg/330px-1-Tetrazene.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/1-Tetrazene.svg/440px-1-Tetrazene.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="558" data-file-height="228" /></a><figcaption>1-Tetrazene</figcaption></figure> <p>I <b>tetrazeni</b> sono <a href="/wiki/Composto_chimico" title="Composto chimico">composti chimici</a> che presentano nella struttura molecolare una catena di quattro atomi d'<a href="/wiki/Azoto" title="Azoto">azoto</a> uniti fra loro ed aventi un doppio legame chimico fra due degli atomi d'azoto; il capostipite e più semplice dei tetrazeni è chiamato <b>tetrazene</b> e potendo esistere in due forme <a href="/wiki/Isomeria" title="Isomeria">isomere</a> si distingue in <b>1-tetrazene</b> e <b>2-tetrazene</b>. </p><p>L'alto numero di atomi d'azoto e l'alto contenuto energetico del loro <a href="/wiki/Legame_chimico" title="Legame chimico">legame</a> rende tutti i tetrazeni composti altamente esplosivi. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1(5-tetrazolyl)-4-guanyl_tetrazene_hydrate.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/1%285-tetrazolyl%29-4-guanyl_tetrazene_hydrate.svg/220px-1%285-tetrazolyl%29-4-guanyl_tetrazene_hydrate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/1%285-tetrazolyl%29-4-guanyl_tetrazene_hydrate.svg/330px-1%285-tetrazolyl%29-4-guanyl_tetrazene_hydrate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/1%285-tetrazolyl%29-4-guanyl_tetrazene_hydrate.svg/440px-1%285-tetrazolyl%29-4-guanyl_tetrazene_hydrate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="353" data-file-height="151" /></a><figcaption>L' 1-(5-tetrazolil)-3-guanil tetrazene idrato, un composto usato negli esplosivi, anche comunemente conosciuto come tetrazene</figcaption></figure><div style="clear:left;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2-tetrazeni">2-tetrazeni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrazene&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione 2-tetrazeni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrazene&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: 2-tetrazeni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sono <a href="/wiki/Isoelettronico" title="Isoelettronico">isoelettronici</a> con il <a href="/wiki/Butadiene" title="Butadiene">butadiene</a> dianione, con una struttura planare e tre <a href="/wiki/Orbitale_molecolare" title="Orbitale molecolare">orbitali molecolari</a> π occupati. Descritti per la prima volta nel 1878 da E. Fischer. Sinteticamente si ottengono comunemente dall'<a href="/wiki/Accoppiamento_ossidativo" title="Accoppiamento ossidativo">accoppiamento ossidativo</a> di <a href="/wiki/Idrazina" title="Idrazina">idrazine</a> 1,1-disostituite, mentre il 2-tetrazene H<sub>4</sub>N<sub>4</sub> è stato ottenuto nel 1975 dal 1,1,4,4-tetrakis(trimetilsilil)-2-tetrazene. Alchil- ed aril-2-tetrazeni sono ottenibli partendo dall'ammina corrispondente per N-aminazione e successivo auto accoppiamento ossidativo: </p><p>R<sub>1</sub>R<sub>2</sub>-NH + BuONO --> R<sub>1</sub>R<sub>2</sub>-N-NO --> R<sub>1</sub>R<sub>2</sub>-N-NH<sub>2</sub> --> R<sub>1</sub>R<sub>2</sub>-N-N=N-N-R<sub>1</sub>R<sub>2</sub> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usi">Usi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrazene&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Usi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrazene&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Usi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sia gli 1- che i 2-tetrazeni sono spesso sintetizzati e prodotti per essere impiegati negli esplosivi, additivi per combustione, additivi per pirotecnica. In laboratorio per sintesi come fonte di radicali aminilici e prodotti derivati. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrazene&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrazene&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Z. Naturforsch. 57b, 365–376 (2002) </p> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gnome-applications-science.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chimica"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/25px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/38px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/50px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Chimica" title="Portale:Chimica">Portale Chimica</a></b>: il portale della scienza della composizione, delle proprietà e delle trasformazioni della materia</div></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8cb5f4d85‐ncmps Cached time: 20241126162336 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.069 seconds Real time usage: 0.335 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 779/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2639/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 605/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1654/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.022/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 626429/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 58.845 1 -total 66.70% 39.251 1 Template:Portale 29.17% 17.164 1 Template:Disclaimer 23.86% 14.040 1 Template:Avviso_permanente 19.41% 11.422 1 Template:Icona_argomento 3.77% 2.218 1 Template:Clear --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key itwiki:pcache:2669383:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241126162336 and revision id 137238028. 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