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<span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1942–1943:_Early_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1942–1943:_Early_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>1942–1943: Early career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1942–1943:_Early_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1943–1944:_Earl_Hines_and_Billy_Eckstine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1943–1944:_Earl_Hines_and_Billy_Eckstine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1943–1944: Earl Hines and Billy Eckstine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1943–1944:_Earl_Hines_and_Billy_Eckstine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1945–1948:_Early_solo_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1945–1948:_Early_solo_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>1945–1948: Early solo career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1945–1948:_Early_solo_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1948–1953:_Stardom_and_the_Columbia_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1948–1953:_Stardom_and_the_Columbia_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>1948–1953: Stardom and the Columbia years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1948–1953:_Stardom_and_the_Columbia_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1954–1959:_Mercury_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1954–1959:_Mercury_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>1954–1959: Mercury years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1954–1959:_Mercury_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1959–1969:_Atkins_and_Roulette" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1959–1969:_Atkins_and_Roulette"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>1959–1969: Atkins and Roulette</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1959–1969:_Atkins_and_Roulette-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1970–1982:_Fisher_and_Mainstream" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970–1982:_Fisher_and_Mainstream"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>1970–1982: Fisher and Mainstream</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970–1982:_Fisher_and_Mainstream-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rio_and_Norman_Granz" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rio_and_Norman_Granz"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Rio and Norman Granz</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rio_and_Norman_Granz-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1982–1989:_Late_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1982–1989:_Late_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>1982–1989: Late career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1982–1989:_Late_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vocal_commentary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vocal_commentary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vocal commentary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vocal_commentary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Awards and honors</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Awards and honors subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sarah_Vaughan_International_Jazz_Vocal_Competition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sarah_Vaughan_International_Jazz_Vocal_Competition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Sarah Vaughan International Jazz Vocal Competition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sarah_Vaughan_International_Jazz_Vocal_Competition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Discography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Filmography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sarah Vaughan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="سارة فون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سارة فون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سارا وان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سارا وان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сара Воан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сара Воан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Сара Вон – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сара Вон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سارا وان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سارا وان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EB%9D%BC_%EB%B3%B8" title="세라 본 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="세라 본" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%A1_%D5%8E%D5%B8%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Սառա Վոան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սառա Վոան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%94%D7%9F" title="שרה ווהן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שרה ווהן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90_%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სარა ვონი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სარა ვონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="ساره فون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ساره فون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3" title="サラ・ヴォーン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サラ・ヴォーン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Воан, Сара – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Воан, Сара" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughanov%C3%A1" title="Sarah Vaughanová – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sarah Vaughanová" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99" title="ซาราห์ วอห์น – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซาราห์ วอห์น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sarah Vaughan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Сара Вон – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сара Вон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%8E%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E6%81%A9" title="莎拉·沃恩 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="莎拉·沃恩" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American jazz singer and pianist (1924–1990)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the American jazz singer. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Sarah Vaughan (disambiguation)">Sarah Vaughan (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de; font-size: 125%;"><div class="fn">Sarah Vaughan</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vaughan, c. 1946"><img alt="Vaughan, c. 1946" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._1.jpg/220px-Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._1.jpg/330px-Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._1.jpg/440px-Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3628" data-file-height="4835" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Vaughan, c. 1946</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de">Background information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Birth name</span></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Sarah Lois Vaughan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1924-03-27</span>)</span>March 27, 1924<br /><a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark, New Jersey</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">April 3, 1990<span style="display:none">(1990-04-03)</span> (aged 66)<br /><a href="/wiki/Hidden_Hills,_California" title="Hidden Hills, California">Hidden Hills, California</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genres</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">Jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_pop" title="Traditional pop">traditional pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bossa_nova" title="Bossa nova">bossa nova</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Singer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Instrument(s)</th><td class="infobox-data note">Vocals, piano</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Years active</span></th><td class="infobox-data">1942–1990</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Labels</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_Records" title="Mercury Records">Mercury</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Verve_Records" title="Verve Records">Verve</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Roulette_Records" title="Roulette Records">Roulette</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Records" title="Pablo Records">Pablo</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Musical artist</div> <p><b>Sarah Lois Vaughan</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ɔː/: 'au' in 'fraud'">ɔː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span>, March 27, 1924 – April 3, 1990) was an American <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> singer and pianist. Nicknamed "Sassy" and "<a href="/wiki/List_of_nicknames_of_jazz_musicians" title="List of nicknames of jazz musicians">The Divine One</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> she won two <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Awards" title="Grammy Awards">Grammy Awards</a>, including the Lifetime Achievement Award, and was nominated for a total of nine Grammy Awards.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was given an <a href="/wiki/NEA_Jazz_Masters" title="NEA Jazz Masters">NEA Jazz Masters</a> Award in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-masters_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-masters-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Critic <a href="/wiki/Scott_Yanow" title="Scott Yanow">Scott Yanow</a> wrote that she had "one of the most wondrous voices of the 20th century".<sup id="cite_ref-Yanow_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yanow-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vaughan was born in <a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark, New Jersey</a>, to Asbury "Jake" Vaughan, a carpenter by trade who played guitar and piano, and Ada Vaughan, a laundress who sang in the church choir, migrants from Virginia.<sup id="cite_ref-GatesWest2002_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GatesWest2002-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sassy_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sassy-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Vaughans lived in a house on Brunswick Street in Newark for Vaughan's entire childhood.<sup id="cite_ref-sassy_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sassy-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jake was deeply religious. The family was active in New Mount Zion Baptist Church at 186 Thomas Street. Vaughan began piano lessons at the age of seven, sang in the church choir, and played piano for rehearsals and services. Sarah and her family were all registered <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrats</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She developed an early love for popular music. In the 1930s, she frequently saw local and touring bands at the Montgomery Street Skating Rink.<sup id="cite_ref-sassy_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sassy-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By her mid-teens, she ventured illegally into Newark's night clubs and performed as a pianist and singer at the Piccadilly Club and at <a href="/wiki/Newark_Liberty_International_Airport" title="Newark Liberty International Airport">Newark Airport</a>. </p><p>Vaughan attended <a href="/wiki/East_Side_High_School_(Newark,_New_Jersey)" title="East Side High School (Newark, New Jersey)">East Side High School</a>, then transferred to <a href="/wiki/Newark_Arts_High_School" title="Newark Arts High School">Newark Arts High School</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-sassy_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sassy-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which opened in 1931. As her nocturnal adventures as a performer overtook her academic pursuits, she dropped out of high school during her junior year to concentrate more fully on her music. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1942–1943:_Early_career"><span id="1942.E2.80.931943:_Early_career"></span>1942–1943: Early career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1942–1943: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vaughan was frequently accompanied by a friend, Doris Robinson, on her trips into New York City. In the fall of 1942, by which time she was 18 years old, Vaughan suggested that Robinson enter the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Theater" title="Apollo Theater">Apollo Theater</a> Amateur Night contest. Vaughan played piano accompaniment for Robinson, who won second prize. Vaughan later decided to go back and compete as a singer herself. She sang "<a href="/wiki/Body_and_Soul_(1930_song)" title="Body and Soul (1930 song)">Body and Soul</a>" and won—although the date of this victorious performance is uncertain. The prize, as Vaughan recalled to <a href="/wiki/Marian_McPartland" title="Marian McPartland">Marian McPartland</a>, was $10 and the promise of a week's engagement at the Apollo. On November 20, 1942, she returned to the Apollo to open for <a href="/wiki/Ella_Fitzgerald" title="Ella Fitzgerald">Ella Fitzgerald</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During her week of performances at the Apollo, Vaughan was introduced to bandleader and pianist <a href="/wiki/Earl_Hines" title="Earl Hines">Earl Hines</a>, although the details of that introduction are disputed. <a href="/wiki/Billy_Eckstine" title="Billy Eckstine">Billy Eckstine</a>, Hines' singer at the time, has been credited by Vaughan and others with hearing her at the Apollo and recommending her to Hines. Hines claimed later to have discovered her himself and offered her a job on the spot. After a brief tryout at the Apollo, Hines replaced his female singer with Vaughan on April 4, 1943.<sup id="cite_ref-sassy_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sassy-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1943–1944:_Earl_Hines_and_Billy_Eckstine"><span id="1943.E2.80.931944:_Earl_Hines_and_Billy_Eckstine"></span>1943–1944: Earl Hines and Billy Eckstine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1943–1944: Earl Hines and Billy Eckstine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vaughan spent the remainder of 1943 and part of 1944 touring the country with the Earl Hines big band, which featured <a href="/wiki/Billy_Eckstine" title="Billy Eckstine">Billy Eckstine</a>. She was hired as a pianist so Hines could hire her under the jurisdiction of the musicians' union (<a href="/wiki/American_Federation_of_Musicians" title="American Federation of Musicians">American Federation of Musicians</a>) rather than the singers union (<a href="/wiki/American_Guild_of_Variety_Artists" title="American Guild of Variety Artists">American Guild of Variety Artists</a>). But after <a href="/wiki/Cliff_Smalls" title="Cliff Smalls">Cliff Smalls</a> joined the band as a trombonist and pianist, her duties were limited to singing. The Earl Hines band in this period is remembered as an incubator of <a href="/wiki/Bebop" title="Bebop">bebop</a>, as it included trumpeter <a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Gillespie" title="Dizzy Gillespie">Dizzy Gillespie</a>, saxophonist <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Parker" title="Charlie Parker">Charlie Parker</a> (playing tenor saxophone rather than alto), and trombonist <a href="/wiki/Bennie_Green" title="Bennie Green">Bennie Green</a>. Gillespie arranged for the band, although the <a href="/wiki/1942%E2%80%9344_musicians%27_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="1942–44 musicians' strike">contemporary recording ban</a> by the musicians' union meant that no commercial recordings exist. </p><p>Eckstine quit the Hines band in late 1943 and formed a big band with Gillespie, leaving Hines to become the band's musical director. Parker joined Eckstine, and over the next few years the band included <a href="/wiki/Gene_Ammons" title="Gene Ammons">Gene Ammons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Art_Blakey" title="Art Blakey">Art Blakey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Dorham" title="Kenny Dorham">Kenny Dorham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dexter_Gordon" title="Dexter Gordon">Dexter Gordon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lucky_Thompson" title="Lucky Thompson">Lucky Thompson</a>. Vaughan accepted Eckstine's invitation to join his band in 1944, giving her the opportunity to record for the first time on December 5, 1944, on the song "I'll Wait and Pray" for <a href="/wiki/De_Luxe_Records" title="De Luxe Records">De Luxe</a>. Critic and producer <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Feather" title="Leonard Feather">Leonard Feather</a> asked her to record later that month for <a href="/wiki/Continental_Records" title="Continental Records">Continental</a> with a septet that included Dizzy Gillespie and <a href="/wiki/Georgie_Auld" title="Georgie Auld">Georgie Auld</a>. She left the Eckstine band in late 1944 to pursue a solo career, although she remained close to Eckstine and recorded with him frequently. </p><p>Pianist <a href="/wiki/John_Malachi" title="John Malachi">John Malachi</a> is credited with giving Vaughan the moniker "Sassy", a nickname that matched her personality. She liked it, and the name and its shortened variant "Sass" stuck with colleagues and the press. In written communications, Vaughan often spelled it "Sassie". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1945–1948:_Early_solo_career"><span id="1945.E2.80.931948:_Early_solo_career"></span>1945–1948: Early solo career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1945–1948: Early solo career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._2.jpg/250px-Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="344" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._2.jpg/375px-Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._2.jpg/499px-Sarah_Vaughan_-_William_P._Gottlieb_-_No._2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3551" data-file-height="4890" /></a><figcaption>At <a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Society" title="Café Society">Café Society</a>, September 1946</figcaption></figure> <p>Vaughan began her solo career in 1945 by freelancing on <a href="/wiki/52nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="52nd Street (Manhattan)">52nd Street</a> in New York City at the Three Deuces, the Famous Door, the Downbeat, and the <a href="/wiki/Onyx_Club_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="Onyx Club (New York City)">Onyx Club</a>. She spent time at Braddock Grill next to the Apollo Theater in Harlem. On May 11, 1945, she recorded "<a href="/wiki/Lover_Man_(Oh,_Where_Can_You_Be%3F)" title="Lover Man (Oh, Where Can You Be?)">Lover Man</a>" for Guild with a quintet featuring Gillespie and Parker with <a href="/wiki/Al_Haig" title="Al Haig">Al Haig</a> on piano, <a href="/wiki/Curly_Russell" class="mw-redirect" title="Curly Russell">Curly Russell</a> on double bass, and <a href="/wiki/Sid_Catlett" title="Sid Catlett">Sid Catlett</a> on drums. Later that month, she went into the studio with a slightly different and larger <a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Gillespie" title="Dizzy Gillespie">Gillespie</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Parker" title="Charlie Parker">Parker</a> aggregation and recorded three more sides. </p><p>After being invited by violinist <a href="/wiki/Stuff_Smith" title="Stuff Smith">Stuff Smith</a> to record the song "Time and Again" in October 1945, Vaughan was offered a contract to record for <a href="/wiki/Musicraft_Records" title="Musicraft Records">Musicraft</a> by owner Albert Marx, although she would not begin recording as a leader for Musicraft until May 7, 1946. In the intervening time, she recorded for Crown and Gotham and began performing regularly at <a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Society" title="Café Society">Café Society</a> Downtown, an <a href="/wiki/Racial_integration" title="Racial integration">integrated</a> club in New York's <a href="/wiki/Sheridan_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheridan Square">Sheridan Square</a>. </p><p>While at Café Society, Vaughan became friends with trumpeter <a href="/wiki/George_Treadwell" title="George Treadwell">George Treadwell</a>, who became her manager. She delegated to him most of the musical director responsibilities for her recording sessions, allowing her to concentrate on singing. Over the next few years, Treadwell made changes in Vaughan's stage appearance. Aside from a new wardrobe and hair style, she had her teeth <a href="/wiki/Crown_(dentistry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown (dentistry)">capped</a>, eliminating a gap between her two front teeth. </p><p>Her recordings for Musicraft included "<a href="/wiki/If_You_Could_See_Me_Now_(1946_song)" title="If You Could See Me Now (1946 song)">If You Could See Me Now</a>" (written and arranged by <a href="/wiki/Tadd_Dameron" title="Tadd Dameron">Tadd Dameron</a>), "<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Blame_Me_(Dorothy_Fields_and_Jimmy_McHugh_song)" title="Don't Blame Me (Dorothy Fields and Jimmy McHugh song)">Don't Blame Me</a>", "<a href="/wiki/I%27ve_Got_a_Crush_on_You" title="I've Got a Crush on You">I've Got a Crush on You</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Everything_I_Have_Is_Yours_(song)" title="Everything I Have Is Yours (song)">Everything I Have Is Yours</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Body_and_Soul_(1930_song)" title="Body and Soul (1930 song)">Body and Soul</a>". With Vaughan and Treadwell's professional relationship on solid footing, the couple married on September 16, 1946. </p><p>In 1947, Vaughan performed at the third Cavalcade of Jazz concert held at <a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field_(Los_Angeles)" title="Wrigley Field (Los Angeles)">Wrigley Field</a> in Los Angeles that was produced by <a href="/wiki/Leon_Hefflin,_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Leon Hefflin, Sr.">Leon Hefflin, Sr.</a> on September 7, 1947. The <a href="/wiki/Miguelito_Vald%C3%A9s" title="Miguelito Valdés">Valdez Orchestra</a>, The Blenders, <a href="/wiki/T-Bone_Walker" title="T-Bone Walker">T-Bone Walker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slim_Gaillard" title="Slim Gaillard">Slim Gaillard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Liggins" title="Joe Liggins">The Honeydrippers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Otis" title="Johnny Otis">Johnny Otis and his Orchestra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Woody_Herman" title="Woody Herman">Woody Herman</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Moore%27s_Three_Blazers" title="Johnny Moore's Three Blazers">Three Blazers</a> also performed that same day.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vaughan's recording success for Musicraft continued through 1947 and 1948. Her recording of "<a href="/wiki/Tenderly" title="Tenderly">Tenderly</a>"—she was proud to be the first to have recorded that <a href="/wiki/Jazz_standard" title="Jazz standard">jazz standard</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—became an unexpected pop hit in late 1947. Her December 27, 1947, recording of "<a href="/wiki/It%27s_Magic" title="It's Magic">It's Magic</a>" (from the <a href="/wiki/Doris_Day" title="Doris Day">Doris Day</a> film <i><a href="/wiki/Romance_on_the_High_Seas" title="Romance on the High Seas">Romance on the High Seas</a></i>) found chart success in early 1948. Her recording of "<a href="/wiki/Nature_Boy" title="Nature Boy">Nature Boy</a>" from April 8, 1948, became a hit around the time the popular <a href="/wiki/Nat_King_Cole" title="Nat King Cole">Nat King Cole</a> version was released. Because of a second recording ban by the musicians' union, "Nature Boy" was recorded with an <a href="/wiki/A_cappella" title="A cappella">a cappella</a> choir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1948–1953:_Stardom_and_the_Columbia_years"><span id="1948.E2.80.931953:_Stardom_and_the_Columbia_years"></span>1948–1953: Stardom and the Columbia years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1948–1953: Stardom and the Columbia years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The musicians' union ban pushed Musicraft to the brink of bankruptcy. Vaughan used the missed royalty payments as an opportunity to sign with the larger <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia</a> record label. After the settling of legal issues, her chart successes continued with "<a href="/wiki/Black_Coffee_(1948_song)" title="Black Coffee (1948 song)">Black Coffee</a>" in the summer of 1949. While at Columbia through 1953, she was steered almost exclusively to commercial pop ballads, several with success on the charts: "<a href="/wiki/That_Lucky_Old_Sun" title="That Lucky Old Sun">That Lucky Old Sun</a>", "Make Believe (You Are Glad When You're Sorry)", "I'm Crazy to Love You", "Our Very Own", "I Love the Guy", "Thinking of You" (with pianist <a href="/wiki/Bud_Powell" title="Bud Powell">Bud Powell</a>), "<a href="/wiki/I_Cried_for_You" title="I Cried for You">I Cried for You</a>", "These Things I Offer You", "Vanity", "I Ran All the Way Home", "Saint or Sinner", "My Tormented Heart", and "Time". </p><p>She won <i><a href="/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)" title="Esquire (magazine)">Esquire</a></i> magazine's New Star Award for 1947, awards from <i><a href="/wiki/Down_Beat" class="mw-redirect" title="Down Beat">Down Beat</a></i> magazine from 1947 to 1952, and from <i>Metronome</i> magazine from 1948 to 1953. Recording and critical success led to performing opportunities, with Vaughan singing to large crowds in clubs around the country during the late 1940s and early 1950s. In the summer of 1949, she made her first appearance with a symphony orchestra in a benefit for the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Orchestra" title="Philadelphia Orchestra">Philadelphia Orchestra</a> entitled "100 Men and a Girl." Around this time, Chicago disk jockey <a href="/wiki/Dave_Garroway" title="Dave Garroway">Dave Garroway</a> coined a second nickname for her, "The Divine One", that would follow her throughout her career. One of her early television appearances was on <a href="/wiki/DuMont_Television_Network" title="DuMont Television Network">DuMont</a>'s variety show <i><a href="/wiki/Stars_on_Parade_(TV_series)" title="Stars on Parade (TV series)">Stars on Parade</a></i> (1953–54) in which she sang "<a href="/wiki/My_Funny_Valentine" title="My Funny Valentine">My Funny Valentine</a>" and "Linger Awhile". </p><p>In 1949, with their finances improving, Vaughan and Treadwell bought a three-story house on 21 Avon Avenue in Newark, occupying the top floor during their increasingly rare off-hours at home and moving Vaughan's parents to the lower two floors. However, business pressures and personality conflicts led to a cooling in Treadwell and Vaughan's relationship. Treadwell hired a road manager to handle her touring needs and opened a management office in Manhattan so he could work with other clients. </p><p>Vaughan's relationship with Columbia soured as she became dissatisfied with the commercial material and its lackluster financial success. She made some small-group recordings in 1950 with Miles Davis and Bennie Green, but they were atypical of what she recorded for Columbia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Radio">Radio</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1949, Vaughan had a radio program, <i>Songs by Sarah Vaughan</i>, on <a href="/wiki/WEPN_(AM)#WMGM" title="WEPN (AM)">WMGM</a> in New York City. The 15-minute shows were broadcast in the evenings on Wednesday through Sunday from The Clique Club, described as "rendezvous of the bebop crowd."<sup id="cite_ref-bb_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bb-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was accompanied by <a href="/wiki/George_Shearing" title="George Shearing">George Shearing</a> on piano, <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Pettiford" title="Oscar Pettiford">Oscar Pettiford</a> on double bass, and <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Clarke" title="Kenny Clarke">Kenny Clarke</a> on drums.<sup id="cite_ref-bb_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bb-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1954–1959:_Mercury_years"><span id="1954.E2.80.931959:_Mercury_years"></span>1954–1959: Mercury years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1954–1959: Mercury years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Vaughan_1955.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Sarah_Vaughan_1955.jpg/220px-Sarah_Vaughan_1955.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Sarah_Vaughan_1955.jpg/330px-Sarah_Vaughan_1955.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Sarah_Vaughan_1955.jpg/440px-Sarah_Vaughan_1955.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1114" data-file-height="1310" /></a><figcaption>Vaughan in 1955</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1953, Treadwell negotiated a contract for Vaughan with <a href="/wiki/Mercury_Records" title="Mercury Records">Mercury</a> in which she would record commercial material for Mercury and jazz-oriented material for its subsidiary, <a href="/wiki/EmArcy_Records" title="EmArcy Records">EmArcy</a>. She was paired with producer <a href="/wiki/Bob_Shad" title="Bob Shad">Bob Shad</a>, and their working relationship yielded commercial and artistic success. Her debut recording session at Mercury took place in February 1954. She remained with Mercury through 1959. After recording for <a href="/wiki/Roulette_Records" title="Roulette Records">Roulette</a> from 1960 to 1963, she returned to Mercury from 1964 to 1967. </p><p>Her commercial success at Mercury began with the 1954 hit "Make Yourself Comfortable", recorded in the fall of 1954, and continued with "<a href="/wiki/How_Important_Can_It_Be" class="mw-redirect" title="How Important Can It Be">How Important Can It Be</a>" (with <a href="/wiki/Count_Basie" title="Count Basie">Count Basie</a>), "<a href="/wiki/Whatever_Lola_Wants" title="Whatever Lola Wants">Whatever Lola Wants</a>", "<a href="/wiki/The_Banana_Boat_Song" class="mw-redirect" title="The Banana Boat Song">The Banana Boat Song</a>", "You Ought to Have a Wife", and "<a href="/wiki/Misty_(song)" title="Misty (song)">Misty</a>". Her commercial success peaked in 1959 with "<a href="/wiki/Broken_Hearted_Melody" title="Broken Hearted Melody">Broken Hearted Melody</a>", a song she considered "corny" which nevertheless became her first gold record,<sup id="cite_ref-The_Book_of_Golden_Discs_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Book_of_Golden_Discs-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a regular part of her concert repertoire for years to come. Vaughan was reunited with Billy Eckstine for a series of duet recordings in 1957 that yielded the hit "<a href="/wiki/Passing_Strangers_(1957_song)" title="Passing Strangers (1957 song)">Passing Strangers</a>". Her commercial recordings were handled by a number of arrangers and conductors, primarily <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Peretti" title="Hugo Peretti">Hugo Peretti</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hal_Mooney" title="Hal Mooney">Hal Mooney</a>. </p><p>The jazz "track" of her recording career proceeded apace, backed either by her working trio or combinations of jazz musicians. One of her favorite albums was a <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_(1955_album)" title="Sarah Vaughan (1955 album)">1954 sextet date</a> that included <a href="/wiki/Clifford_Brown" title="Clifford Brown">Clifford Brown</a>. </p><p>In the latter half of the 1950s, she followed a schedule of almost non-stop touring. She was featured at the first <a href="/wiki/Newport_Jazz_Festival" title="Newport Jazz Festival">Newport Jazz Festival</a> in the summer of 1954 and starred in subsequent editions of that festival at Newport and in New York City for the remainder of her life. In the fall of 1954, she performed at <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hall" title="Carnegie Hall">Carnegie Hall</a> with the Count Basie Orchestra on a bill that also included <a href="/wiki/Billie_Holiday" title="Billie Holiday">Billie Holiday</a>, Charlie Parker, <a href="/wiki/Lester_Young" title="Lester Young">Lester Young</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Modern_Jazz_Quartet" title="Modern Jazz Quartet">Modern Jazz Quartet</a>. That fall, she again toured Europe before embarking on a "Big Show" U.S. tour, a succession of performances that included <a href="/wiki/Count_Basie" title="Count Basie">Count Basie</a>, George Shearing, <a href="/wiki/Erroll_Garner" title="Erroll Garner">Erroll Garner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Rushing" title="Jimmy Rushing">Jimmy Rushing</a>. At the 1955 New York Jazz Festival on <a href="/wiki/Randalls_and_Wards_Islands" title="Randalls and Wards Islands">Randalls Island</a>, Vaughan shared the bill with the <a href="/wiki/Dave_Brubeck" title="Dave Brubeck">Dave Brubeck</a> quartet, <a href="/wiki/Horace_Silver" title="Horace Silver">Horace Silver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Smith_(musician)" title="Jimmy Smith (musician)">Jimmy Smith</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Richards" title="Johnny Richards">Johnny Richards</a> Orchestra. </p><p>Although the professional relationship between Vaughan and Treadwell was quite successful through the 1950s, their personal relationship finally reached a breaking point and she filed for a divorce in 1958. Vaughan had entirely delegated financial matters to Treadwell, and despite significant income figures reported through the 1950s, at the settlement Treadwell said that only $16,000 remained. The couple evenly divided the amount and their personal assets, terminating their business relationship. </p><p>She made her UK debut in 1958 on <a href="/wiki/Sunday_Night_at_the_London_Palladium" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunday Night at the London Palladium">Sunday Night at the London Palladium</a> with several songs including "Who's Got the Last Laugh Now".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1959–1969:_Atkins_and_Roulette"><span id="1959.E2.80.931969:_Atkins_and_Roulette"></span>1959–1969: Atkins and Roulette</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1959–1969: Atkins and Roulette"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The exit of Treadwell from Vaughan's life was precipitated by the entry of Clyde "C.B." Atkins, a man of uncertain background whom she had met in Chicago and married on September 4, 1958.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Atkins had no experience in artist management or music, Vaughan wished to have a mixed professional and personal relationship like the one she had with Treadwell. She made Atkins her manager, although she was still feeling the sting of the problems she had with Treadwell and initially kept a closer eye on Atkins. Vaughan and Atkins moved into a house in <a href="/wiki/Englewood,_New_Jersey" title="Englewood, New Jersey">Englewood, New Jersey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sassy_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sassy-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When Vaughan's contract with Mercury ended in late 1959, she signed on with Roulette, a small label owned by <a href="/wiki/Morris_Levy" title="Morris Levy">Morris Levy</a>, who was one of the backers of <a href="/wiki/Birdland_(New_York_jazz_club)" title="Birdland (New York jazz club)">Birdland</a>, where she frequently appeared. She began recording for Roulette in April 1960, making a string of large ensemble albums arranged or conducted by <a href="/wiki/Billy_May" title="Billy May">Billy May</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Jones_(pianist)" title="Jimmy Jones (pianist)">Jimmy Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Reisman" title="Joe Reisman">Joe Reisman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benny_Carter" title="Benny Carter">Benny Carter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lalo_Schifrin" title="Lalo Schifrin">Lalo Schifrin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Wilson" title="Gerald Wilson">Gerald Wilson</a>. She had pop chart success in 1960 with "Serenata" on Roulette and "Eternally" and "You're My Baby", a couple of residual tracks from her Mercury contract. She recorded <i><a href="/wiki/After_Hours_(1961_Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="After Hours (1961 Sarah Vaughan album)">After Hours</a></i> (1961) with guitarist <a href="/wiki/Mundell_Lowe" title="Mundell Lowe">Mundell Lowe</a> and double bassist <a href="/wiki/George_Duvivier" title="George Duvivier">George Duvivier</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_%2B_2" title="Sarah + 2">Sarah + 2</a></i> (1962) with guitarist <a href="/wiki/Barney_Kessel" title="Barney Kessel">Barney Kessel</a> and double bassist <a href="/wiki/Joe_Comfort" title="Joe Comfort">Joe Comfort</a>. </p><p>In 1961, Vaughan and Atkins adopted a daughter, Deborah Lois Atkins, known professionally as Paris Vaughan. However, the relationship with Atkins proved difficult and violent. After several incidents, she filed for divorce in November 1963. She turned to two friends to help sort out the financial affairs of the marriage. Club owner John "Preacher" Wells, a childhood acquaintance, and Clyde "Pumpkin" Golden Jr. discovered that Atkins' gambling and spending had put Vaughan around $150,000 in debt. The Englewood house was seized by the IRS for nonpayment of taxes. Vaughan retained custody of their child and Golden took Atkins' place as Vaughan's manager and lover for the remainder of the decade. </p><p>When her contract with Roulette ended in 1963, Vaughan returned to the more familiar confines of Mercury. In the summer of 1963, she went to Denmark with producer Quincy Jones to record <i><a href="/wiki/Sassy_Swings_the_Tivoli" title="Sassy Swings the Tivoli">Sassy Swings the Tivoli</a></i>, an album of live performances with her trio. During the next year, she made her first appearance at the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> for President <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyndon Johnson">Lyndon Johnson</a> and danced with the president afterwards.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Tivoli recording would be the brightest moment of her second stint with Mercury. Changing demographics and tastes in the 1960s left jazz musicians with shrinking audiences and inappropriate material. Although she retained a following large and loyal enough to maintain her career, the quality and quantity of her recorded output dwindled as her voice darkened and her skill remained undiminished. At the conclusion of her Mercury deal in 1967, she lacked a recording contract for the remainder of the decade. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970–1982:_Fisher_and_Mainstream"><span id="1970.E2.80.931982:_Fisher_and_Mainstream"></span>1970–1982: Fisher and Mainstream</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1970–1982: Fisher and Mainstream"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dizzy_Gillespie_and_Sarah_Vaughan_Perform_at_the_White_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Dizzy_Gillespie_and_Sarah_Vaughan_Perform_at_the_White_House.jpg/250px-Dizzy_Gillespie_and_Sarah_Vaughan_Perform_at_the_White_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Dizzy_Gillespie_and_Sarah_Vaughan_Perform_at_the_White_House.jpg/375px-Dizzy_Gillespie_and_Sarah_Vaughan_Perform_at_the_White_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Dizzy_Gillespie_and_Sarah_Vaughan_Perform_at_the_White_House.jpg/500px-Dizzy_Gillespie_and_Sarah_Vaughan_Perform_at_the_White_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="336" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Gillespie" title="Dizzy Gillespie">Dizzy Gillespie</a> and Vaughan perform at the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> in honor of the <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Shah" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad Reza Shah">Shah of Iran</a> on November 15, 1977.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1971, at the Tropicana in Las Vegas, Marshall Fisher was a concession stand employee and fan when he was introduced to Sarah Vaughan. They were attracted to each other immediately. Fisher moved in with her in Los Angeles. Although he was white and seven years older, he got along with her friends and family. Although he had no experience in the music business, he became her road manager, then personal manager. But unlike other men and managers, Fisher was devoted to her and meticulously managed her career and treated her well. He wrote love poems to her.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 277">: 277 </span></sup> </p><p>In 1971, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Shad" title="Bob Shad">Bob Shad</a>, who had worked with her as a producer at Mercury, asked her to record for his label, <a href="/wiki/Mainstream_Records" title="Mainstream Records">Mainstream</a>, which he had founded after leaving Mercury. Breaking a four-year hiatus, Vaughan signed a contract with Mainstream and returned to the studio for <i><a href="/wiki/A_Time_in_My_Life" title="A Time in My Life">A Time in My Life</a></i>, a step away from jazz into pop music with songs by <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Gaye" title="Marvin Gaye">Marvin Gaye</a> arranged by <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Wilkins" title="Ernie Wilkins">Ernie Wilkins</a>. She didn't complain about this eclectic change in direction, but she chose the material for her next album after admiring the work of <a href="/wiki/Michel_Legrand" title="Michel Legrand">Michel Legrand</a>. He conducted an orchestra of over one hundred musicians for <i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_with_Michel_Legrand" title="Sarah Vaughan with Michel Legrand">Sarah Vaughan with Michel Legrand</a></i>, an album of compositions by Legrand with lyrics by <a href="/wiki/Alan_and_Marilyn_Bergman" title="Alan and Marilyn Bergman">Alan and Marilyn Bergman</a>. The songs brought some of the musicians to tears during the sessions. But Shad wanted a hit, and the album yielded none.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 278–280">: 278–280 </span></sup> She sang a version of the pop hit "<a href="/wiki/Rainy_Days_and_Mondays" title="Rainy Days and Mondays">Rainy Days and Mondays</a>" by the Carpenters for <i><a href="/wiki/Feelin%27_Good_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Feelin' Good (Sarah Vaughan album)">Feelin' Good</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 283">: 283 </span></sup> This was followed by <i><a href="/wiki/Live_in_Japan_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Live in Japan (Sarah Vaughan album)">Live in Japan</a></i>, her first live album since 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 293">: 293 </span></sup> <i>Sarah Vaughan and the Jimmy Rowles Quintet</i> (1974) was more experimental, containing free improvisation and some unconventional scatting.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 294">: 294 </span></sup> </p><p><i>Send in the Clowns</i> was another attempt to increase sales by breaking into the pop music market. Vaughan disliked the songs and hated the album cover depicting a clown with an afro. She filed a lawsuit against Shad in 1975 on the belief that the cover was inconsistent with the formal, sophisticated image she projected on stage. She also contended that the album <i>Sarah Vaughan: Live at the Holiday Inn Lesotho</i> had an incorrect title and that Shad had been harming her career.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 295–296">: 295–296 </span></sup> Although she disliked the album, she liked the song "<a href="/wiki/Send_in_the_Clowns" class="mw-redirect" title="Send in the Clowns">Send in the Clowns</a>" written by Stephen Sondheim for the musical <i>A Little Night Music</i>. She learned it on piano, made many changes with the help of pianist Carl Schroeder, and it became her signature song.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 300–305">: 300–305 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Optreden_Sarah_Vaughan,_1978_-_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Optreden_Sarah_Vaughan%2C_1978_-_03.jpg/220px-Optreden_Sarah_Vaughan%2C_1978_-_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Optreden_Sarah_Vaughan%2C_1978_-_03.jpg/330px-Optreden_Sarah_Vaughan%2C_1978_-_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Optreden_Sarah_Vaughan%2C_1978_-_03.jpg/440px-Optreden_Sarah_Vaughan%2C_1978_-_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2273" data-file-height="3318" /></a><figcaption> Vaughan in 1978</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1974, she performed music by <a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George Gershwin</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Bowl" title="Hollywood Bowl">Hollywood Bowl</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Philharmonic" title="Los Angeles Philharmonic">Los Angeles Philharmonic</a>. The orchestra was conducted by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Tilson_Thomas" title="Michael Tilson Thomas">Michael Tilson Thomas</a>, who was a fan of Vaughan and invited her to perform.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 306–307">: 306–307 </span></sup> Thomas and Vaughan repeated the performance with Thomas' home orchestra in Buffalo, New York, followed by appearances in 1975 and 1976 with other symphony orchestras in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 310">: 310 </span></sup> </p><p>After leaving Mainstream, she signed with <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Records" title="Atlantic Records">Atlantic</a> and worked on an album of songs by John Lennon and Paul McCartney that were arranged by <a href="/wiki/Marty_Paich" title="Marty Paich">Marty Paich</a> and his son, <a href="/wiki/David_Paich" title="David Paich">David Paich</a> of the rock band Toto. She was enthusiastic to be more involved in the making of an album, but Atlantic rejected it on the claim that it contained no hits. "I don't know how they can recognize hits in advance", she said. Atlantic canceled her contract. She said, "I don't give a damn about record companies any more."<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 297">: 297 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rio_and_Norman_Granz">Rio and Norman Granz</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Rio and Norman Granz"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1977, filmmaker Thomas Guy followed Vaughan on tour to film the documentary <i>Listen to the Sun</i>. She traveled throughout South America: Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, and Peru. She was enamored of Brazil, as this was her third tour of Brazil in six years. In the documentary, she called the city of Rio "the greatest place I think I've ever been on earth". Audiences were so enthusiastic that she said, "I don't believe they like me that much."<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 315">: 315 </span></sup> After rejection by Atlantic, she wanted to try producing her own album of Brazilian music. She asked <a href="/wiki/Alo%C3%ADsio_de_Oliveira" title="Aloísio de Oliveira">Aloísio de Oliveira</a> to run the sessions and recorded <i>I Love Brazil!</i> with <a href="/wiki/Milton_Nascimento" title="Milton Nascimento">Milton Nascimento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jose_Roberto_Bertrami" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Roberto Bertrami">Jose Roberto Bertrami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dorival_Caymmi" title="Dorival Caymmi">Dorival Caymmi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Carlos_Jobim" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio Carlos Jobim">Antonio Carlos Jobim</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 315–316">: 315–316 </span></sup> </p><p>She had an album but no label to release it, so she signed to <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Records" title="Pablo Records">Pablo</a> run by <a href="/wiki/Norman_Granz" title="Norman Granz">Norman Granz</a>. She had known Granz since 1948 when she performed on one of his Jazz at the Philharmonic tours. He was the record producer and manager for Ella Fitzgerald and the owner of <a href="/wiki/Verve_Records" title="Verve Records">Verve</a>. After selling Verve, he started <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Records" title="Pablo Records">Pablo</a>. He was dedicated to acoustic, mainstream jazz and had recorded Count Basie, <a href="/wiki/Duke_Ellington" title="Duke Ellington">Duke Ellington</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Clark_Terry" title="Clark Terry">Clark Terry</a>. In 1978 he recorded Vaughan's <i><a href="/wiki/How_Long_Has_This_Been_Going_On%3F_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="How Long Has This Been Going On? (Sarah Vaughan album)">How Long Has This Been Going On?</a></i>, a set of jazz standards with veteran jazz musicians <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Peterson" title="Oscar Peterson">Oscar Peterson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Pass" title="Joe Pass">Joe Pass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Brown_(musician)" title="Ray Brown (musician)">Ray Brown</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Louis_Bellson" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Bellson">Louis Bellson</a>. The album was nominated for a Grammy Award. Pablo released <i>I Love Brazil!</i> and it, too, was nominated for a Grammy.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayes_8-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 317–319">: 317–319 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1982–1989:_Late_career"><span id="1982.E2.80.931989:_Late_career"></span>1982–1989: Late career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1982–1989: Late career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarah_Vaughan_and_Billy_Eckstine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sarah_Vaughan_and_Billy_Eckstine.jpg/220px-Sarah_Vaughan_and_Billy_Eckstine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sarah_Vaughan_and_Billy_Eckstine.jpg/330px-Sarah_Vaughan_and_Billy_Eckstine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sarah_Vaughan_and_Billy_Eckstine.jpg/440px-Sarah_Vaughan_and_Billy_Eckstine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="508" data-file-height="684" /></a><figcaption>Vaughan and Billy Eckstine at Monterey Jazz Festival in 1981</figcaption></figure> <p>In the summer of 1980, she received a plaque on 52nd Street outside the CBS Building (Black Rock) commemorating the jazz clubs she had once frequented on "Swing Street" and which had long since been replaced with office buildings. A performance of her symphonic Gershwin program with the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Symphony" title="New Jersey Symphony">New Jersey Symphony</a> in 1980 was broadcast on PBS and won her an <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy Award">Emmy Award</a> the next year for Individual Achievement, Special Class. She was reunited in 1982 with Tilson Thomas for a modified version of the Gershwin program, played again by the Los Angeles Philharmonic but this time in its home hall, the <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Chandler_Pavilion" title="Dorothy Chandler Pavilion">Dorothy Chandler Pavilion</a>; the CBS recording of the concert <i><a href="/wiki/Gershwin_Live!" title="Gershwin Live!">Gershwin Live!</a></i> won a Grammy for <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Jazz_Vocal_Performance,_Female" title="Grammy Award for Best Jazz Vocal Performance, Female">Best Jazz Vocal Performance, Female</a>. </p><p>After the end of her contract with Pablo in 1982, she committed to a limited number of studio recordings. She made a guest appearance in 1984 on <a href="/wiki/Barry_Manilow" title="Barry Manilow">Barry Manilow</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/2:00_AM_Paradise_Cafe" title="2:00 AM Paradise Cafe">2:00 AM Paradise Cafe</a></i>, an album of pastiche compositions with established jazz musicians. In 1984, she participated in <i>The Planet is Alive, Let It Live</i> a symphonic piece composed by Tito Fontana and Sante Palumbo on Italian translations of Polish poems by Karol Wojtyla, better known as <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a>. The recording was made in Germany with an English translation by writer <a href="/wiki/Gene_Lees" title="Gene Lees">Gene Lees</a> and was released by Lees on his private label after the recording was rejected by the major labels. </p><p>In 1985 Vaughan reconnected with her longstanding, continually growing European audience during a celebratory concert at the Chatelet Theater in Paris. Released posthumously on the Justin Time label, <i><a href="/wiki/In_the_City_of_Lights" title="In the City of Lights">In the City of Lights</a></i> is a two-disc recording of the concert, which covers the highlights of Vaughan's career while capturing a beloved singer at the height of her powers. Thanks in part to the hard-swinging telepathic support of pianist Frank Collett (who answers each of her challenges then coaxes the same from her), Sarah reprises <a href="/wiki/Tad_Dameron" class="mw-redirect" title="Tad Dameron">Tad Dameron</a>'s "If You Could See Me Now" with uncommon power, her breathstream effecting a seamless connection between chorus and bridge. For the Gershwin Medley, drummer <a href="/wiki/Harold_Jones_(drummer)" title="Harold Jones (drummer)">Harold Jones</a> swaps his brushes for sticks to match energy and forcefulness that does not let up until the last of many encores. On June 16, 1985, Vaughan appeared at the <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Jazz_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Playboy Jazz Festival">Playboy Jazz Festival</a>. </p><p>In 1986, Vaughan sang "Happy Talk" and "Bali Ha'i" in the role of Bloody Mary on a studio recording by <a href="/wiki/Kiri_Te_Kanawa" title="Kiri Te Kanawa">Kiri Te Kanawa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carreras" title="José Carreras">José Carreras</a> of the score of the Broadway musical <i><a href="/wiki/South_Pacific_(musical)" title="South Pacific (musical)">South Pacific</a></i>, while sitting on the studio floor. Vaughan's final album was <i><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Romance" title="Brazilian Romance">Brazilian Romance</a></i>, produced by <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9rgio_Mendes" title="Sérgio Mendes">Sérgio Mendes</a> with songs by <a href="/wiki/Milton_Nascimento" title="Milton Nascimento">Milton Nascimento</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dori_Caymmi" title="Dori Caymmi">Dori Caymmi</a>. It was recorded primarily in the early part of 1987 in New York and Detroit. In 1988, she contributed vocals to an album of Christmas carols recorded by the <a href="/wiki/Mormon_Tabernacle_Choir" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon Tabernacle Choir">Mormon Tabernacle Choir</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Utah_Symphony_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Utah Symphony Orchestra">Utah Symphony Orchestra</a> and sold in Hallmark Cards stores. In 1989, Quincy Jones' album <i><a href="/wiki/Back_on_the_Block" title="Back on the Block">Back on the Block</a></i> included Vaughan in a brief scatting duet with Ella Fitzgerald. This was her final studio recording. It was her only studio recording with Fitzgerald in a career that had begun 46 years earlier opening for Fitzgerald at the Apollo. </p><p>The video <i>Sarah Vaughan Live from Monterey</i> was taped in 1983 or 1984 with her trio and guest soloists. <i>Sass and Brass</i> was taped in 1986 in New Orleans with guests Dizzy Gillespie and Maynard Ferguson. <i>Sarah Vaughan: The Divine One</i> was part of the <i><a href="/wiki/American_Masters" title="American Masters">American Masters</a></i> series on PBS. Also in 1986, on Independence Day in a program nationally televised on PBS she performed with the <a href="/wiki/National_Symphony_Orchestra" title="National Symphony Orchestra">National Symphony Orchestra</a> conducted by <a href="/wiki/Mstislav_Rostropovich" title="Mstislav Rostropovich">Mstislav Rostropovich</a>, in a medley of songs composed by George Gershwin.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1989, Vaughan's health began to decline, although she rarely revealed any hints of this in her performances. She canceled a series of engagements in Europe in 1989, citing the need to seek treatment for arthritis of the hand, although she was able to complete a series of performances in Japan. During a run at New York's <a href="/wiki/Blue_Note_Jazz_Club" title="Blue Note Jazz Club">Blue Note Jazz Club</a> in 1989, she was diagnosed with lung cancer and was too ill to finish the last day of what would turn out to be her final series of public performances. </p><p>Vaughan returned to her home in California to begin chemotherapy and spent her final months alternating stays in the hospital and at home. She grew weary of the struggle and demanded to be taken home, where at the age of 66 she died on the evening of April 3, 1990, while watching <i>Laker Girls</i>, a television movie featuring her daughter.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Her funeral was held at Mount Zion Baptist Church in <a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark, New Jersey</a>. Following the ceremony, a horse-drawn carriage transported her body to <a href="/wiki/Glendale_Cemetery,_Bloomfield" title="Glendale Cemetery, Bloomfield">Glendale Cemetery, Bloomfield</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vocal_commentary">Vocal commentary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Vocal commentary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parallels have been drawn between Vaughan's voice and those of <a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">opera</a> singers. Jazz singer <a href="/wiki/Betty_Carter" title="Betty Carter">Betty Carter</a> said that with training Vaughan could have "gone as far as <a href="/wiki/Leontyne_Price" title="Leontyne Price">Leontyne Price</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-CarrFairweather2004_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CarrFairweather2004-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bob_James_(musician)" title="Bob James (musician)">Bob James</a>, Vaughan's musical director in the 1960s said that "the instrument was there. But the knowledge, the legitimacy of that whole world were not for her ... But if the aria were in Sarah's range she could bring something to it that a classically trained singer could not."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a chapter devoted to Vaughan in his book <i>Visions of Jazz</i> (2000), critic <a href="/wiki/Gary_Giddins" title="Gary Giddins">Gary Giddins</a> described her as the "ageless voice of modern jazz – of giddy postwar virtuosity, biting wit and fearless caprice".<sup id="cite_ref-Giddins2000_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giddins2000-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He concluded by saying that "No matter how closely we dissect the particulars of her talent ... we must inevitably end up contemplating in silent awe the most phenomenal of her attributes, the one she was handed at birth, the voice that happens once in a lifetime, perhaps once in several lifetimes."<sup id="cite_ref-Giddins2000_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giddins2000-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:320px; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>Her voice had wings: luscious and tensile, disciplined and nuanced, it was as thick as cognac, yet soared off the beaten path like an instrumental solo ... that her voice was a four-octave muscle of infinite flexibility made her disarming shtick all the more ironic." – Gary Giddins </p> </blockquote> </div> <p>Her obituary in <i>The New York Times</i> described her as a "singer who brought an operatic splendor to her performances of popular standards and jazz."<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jazz singer <a href="/wiki/Mel_Torm%C3%A9" title="Mel Tormé">Mel Tormé</a> said that she had "the single best vocal instrument of any singer working in the popular field." Her ability was envied by Frank Sinatra who said, "Sassy is so good now that when I listen to her I want to cut my wrists with a dull razor."<sup id="cite_ref-Inc1972_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inc1972-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>New York Times</i> critic <a href="/wiki/John_S._Wilson_(music_critic)" title="John S. Wilson (music critic)">John S. Wilson</a> said in 1957 that she possessed "what may well be the finest voice ever applied to jazz."<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was close to its peak until shortly before her death at the age of 66. Late in life, she retained a "youthful suppleness and remarkably luscious timbre" and was capable of the projection of <a href="/wiki/Coloratura" title="Coloratura">coloratura</a> passages described as "delicate and ringingly high".<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vaughan had a large vocal range of <a href="/wiki/Soprano" title="Soprano">soprano</a> through a female <a href="/wiki/Baritone" title="Baritone">baritone</a>, exceptional body, volume, a variety of vocal textures, and superb and highly personal vocal control. Her ear and sense of pitch were almost perfect, and there were no difficult intervals.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams1992_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams1992-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In her later years, her voice was described as a "burnished contralto" and as her voice deepened with age her lower register was described as having "shades from a gruff baritone into a rich, juicy contralto".<sup id="cite_ref-NYT87_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT87-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her use of her contralto register was likened to "dipping into a deep, mysterious well to scoop up a trove of buried riches."<sup id="cite_ref-NYTCarnegie_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTCarnegie-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Musicologist Henry Pleasants noted, "Vaughan who sings easily down to a contralto low D, ascends to a pure and accurate [soprano] high C."<sup id="cite_ref-Pleasants_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pleasants-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vaughan's <a href="/wiki/Vibrato" title="Vibrato">vibrato</a> was described as "an ornament of uniquely flexible size, shape and duration,"<sup id="cite_ref-Williams1992_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams1992-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as "voluptuous" and "heavy."<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vaughan was accomplished in her ability to "fray" or "bend" notes at the extremities of her vocal range.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams1992_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams1992-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was noted in a 1972 performance of <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Bart" title="Lionel Bart">Lionel Bart</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Where_Is_Love%3F" title="Where Is Love?">Where Is Love?</a>" that "In mid-tune she began twisting the song, swinging from the incredible cello tones of her bottom register, skyrocketing to the wispy pianissimos of her top."<sup id="cite_ref-Inc1972_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inc1972-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She held a microphone in live performance, using its placement as part of her performance.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams1992_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams1992-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her placings of the microphone allowed her to complement her volume and vocal texture, often holding the microphone at arm's length and moving it to alter her volume.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams1992_25-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams1992-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She frequently used the song "<a href="/wiki/Send_in_the_Clowns" class="mw-redirect" title="Send in the Clowns">Send in the Clowns</a>" to demonstrate her vocal abilities in live performance. The performance was called a "three-octave tour de force of semi-improvisational pyrotechnics in which the jazz, pop and operatic sides of her musical personality came together and found complete expression" by <i>The New York Times</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Singers influenced by Vaughan include <a href="/wiki/Phoebe_Snow" title="Phoebe Snow">Phoebe Snow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anita_Baker" title="Anita Baker">Anita Baker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sade_(singer)" title="Sade (singer)">Sade</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rickie_Lee_Jones" title="Rickie Lee Jones">Rickie Lee Jones</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Singers <a href="/wiki/Carmen_McRae" title="Carmen McRae">Carmen McRae</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dianne_Reeves" title="Dianne Reeves">Dianne Reeves</a> both recorded tribute albums to Vaughan following her death; <i><a href="/wiki/Sarah:_Dedicated_to_You" title="Sarah: Dedicated to You">Sarah: Dedicated to You</a></i> (1991) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Calling:_Celebrating_Sarah_Vaughan" title="The Calling: Celebrating Sarah Vaughan">The Calling: Celebrating Sarah Vaughan</a></i> (2001) respectively. </p><p>Though usually considered a jazz singer, Vaughan avoided classifying herself as one. She discussed the term in a 1982 interview for <i><a href="/wiki/Down_Beat" class="mw-redirect" title="Down Beat">Down Beat</a></i>: </p> <blockquote> <p>I don't know why people call me a jazz singer, though I guess people associate me with jazz because I was raised in it, from way back. I'm not putting jazz down, but I'm not a jazz singer ... I've recorded all kinds of music, but (to them) I'm either a jazz singer or a blues singer. I can't sing a blues – just a right-out blues – but I can put the blues in whatever I sing. I might sing 'Send In the Clowns' and I might stick a little bluesy part in it, or any song. What I want to do, music-wise, is all kinds of music that I like, and I like all kinds of music.<sup id="cite_ref-Phillips2013_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phillips2013-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>Vaughan mentioned Judy Garland as major vocal influence in a 1969 interview for the Los Angeles Times: </p><p>"Judy Garland was the singer I most wanted to sound like then, not to copy, but to get some of her soul and purity. A wonderful young voice."<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vaughan was married three times: to <a href="/wiki/George_Treadwell" title="George Treadwell">George Treadwell</a> (1946–1958), to Clyde Atkins (1958–1961), and to <a href="/wiki/Waymon_Reed" title="Waymon Reed">Waymon Reed</a> (1978–1981). Unable to bear children of her own, Vaughan adopted a baby girl (Debra Lois) in 1961. Debra worked in the 1980s and 1990s as an actress under the name Paris Vaughan.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of her daughter's marriage, Vaughan was the mother-in-law of former NHL star <a href="/wiki/Russ_Courtnall" title="Russ Courtnall">Russ Courtnall</a>. </p><p>In 1977, Vaughan ended her personal and professional relationship with Marshall Fisher. Although Fisher is occasionally referenced as Vaughan's third husband, they were never legally married. Vaughan began a relationship with Waymon Reed, a trumpet player 16 years her junior who was playing with the Count Basie band. Reed joined her working trio as a musical director and trumpet player and became her third husband in 1978. </p><p>She was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Zeta_Phi_Beta" title="Zeta Phi Beta">Zeta Phi Beta</a> sorority.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The album <i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_with_Clifford_Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarah Vaughan with Clifford Brown">Sarah Vaughan with Clifford Brown</a></i> and the single "<a href="/wiki/If_You_Could_See_Me_Now_(1946_song)" title="If You Could See Me Now (1946 song)">If You Could See Me Now</a>" were inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Hall_of_Fame_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy Hall of Fame Award">Grammy Hall of Fame</a>, an award established in 1973 to honor recordings that are at least twenty-five years old and have "qualitative or historical significance."<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1985 she received a star on the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Hollywood Walk of Fame">Hollywood Walk of Fame</a>, and in 1988 she was inducted into the American Jazz Hall of Fame. </p><p>In 1978, she was given an Honorary Doctorate of Music by <a href="/wiki/Berklee_College_of_Music" title="Berklee College of Music">Berklee College of Music</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-recip_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-recip-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Howard_University" title="Howard University">Howard University</a> presented Vaughan with an Honorary Doctorate of Music in 1982. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://secretary.howard.edu/resources/sarah-lois-vaughan">Sarah Lois Vaughan | Howard University Office of the Secretary</a> </p><p>In 2012, she was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Hall_of_Fame" title="New Jersey Hall of Fame">New Jersey Hall of Fame</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-njhall_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-njhall-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2004–2006, <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Transit" class="mw-redirect" title="New Jersey Transit">New Jersey Transit</a> paid tribute to Vaughan in the design of its <a href="/wiki/Newark_Light_Rail" title="Newark Light Rail">Newark Light Rail</a> stations. Passengers stopping at any station on this line can read the lyrics to "Body and Soul" along the edge of the station platform.<sup id="cite_ref-rail_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rail-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She was given the <a href="/wiki/The_George_and_Ira_Gershwin_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="The George and Ira Gershwin Award">George and Ira Gershwin Award</a> for Lifetime Musical Achievement at the <a href="/wiki/UCLA_Spring_Sing" title="UCLA Spring Sing">UCLA Spring Sing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2003, San Francisco and <a href="/wiki/Berkeley,_California" title="Berkeley, California">Berkeley, California</a>, made by proclamations March 27 Sarah Lois Vaughan Day.<sup id="cite_ref-Riley_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Riley-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sarah_Vaughan_International_Jazz_Vocal_Competition">Sarah Vaughan International Jazz Vocal Competition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sarah Vaughan International Jazz Vocal Competition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/James_Moody_Jazz_Festival" title="James Moody Jazz Festival">James Moody Jazz Festival</a> hosts an annual jazz vocalist competition named for Vaughan. The Sarah Vaughan International Jazz Vocal Competition is also known as the SASSY Awards for Vaughan's nickname.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sarah Vaughan was portrayed by Pamela McPherson-Cornelius in season two, episode six of <a href="/wiki/HBO" title="HBO">HBO</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Deuce_(TV_series)" title="The Deuce (TV series)">The Deuce</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discography">Discography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Discography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_albums_discography" title="Sarah Vaughan albums discography">Sarah Vaughan albums discography</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_singles_discography" title="Sarah Vaughan singles discography">Sarah Vaughan singles discography</a></div> <p><b>Studio albums</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_(1950_album)" title="Sarah Vaughan (1950 album)">Sarah Vaughan</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(with <a href="/wiki/George_Treadwell" title="George Treadwell">George Treadwell and his All Stars</a>)</span> (1950)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_(1955_album)" title="Sarah Vaughan (1955 album)">Sarah Vaughan</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(with <a href="/wiki/Clifford_Brown" title="Clifford Brown">Clifford Brown</a>)</span> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Land_of_Hi-Fi_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="In the Land of Hi-Fi (Sarah Vaughan album)">In the Land of Hi-Fi</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sassy_(album)" title="Sassy (album)">Sassy</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Swingin%27_Easy" title="Swingin' Easy">Swingin' Easy</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i>Sarah Vaughan in a Romantic Mood</i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_and_Billy_Eckstine_Sing_the_Best_of_Irving_Berlin" title="Sarah Vaughan and Billy Eckstine Sing the Best of Irving Berlin">Sarah Vaughan and Billy Eckstine Sing the Best of Irving Berlin</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(with <a href="/wiki/Billy_Eckstine" title="Billy Eckstine">Billy Eckstine</a>)</span> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_Sings_Broadway:_Great_Songs_from_Hit_Shows" title="Sarah Vaughan Sings Broadway: Great Songs from Hit Shows">Sarah Vaughan Sings Broadway: Great Songs from Hit Shows</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_Sings_George_Gershwin" title="Sarah Vaughan Sings George Gershwin">Sarah Vaughan Sings George Gershwin</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(with <a href="/wiki/Hal_Mooney" title="Hal Mooney">Hal Mooney & His Orchestra</a>)</span> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Count_Sarah" title="No Count Sarah">No Count Sarah</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(with <a href="/wiki/Count_Basie_Orchestra" title="Count Basie Orchestra">Count Basie Orchestra</a>)</span> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vaughan_and_Violins" title="Vaughan and Violins">Vaughan and Violins</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i>The Magic of Sarah Vaughan</i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Close_to_You_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Close to You (Sarah Vaughan album)">Close to You</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dreamy_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Dreamy (Sarah Vaughan album)">Dreamy</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Divine_One" title="The Divine One">The Divine One</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i>My Heart Sings</i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Count_Basie/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Count Basie/Sarah Vaughan">Count Basie/Sarah Vaughan</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(with Count Base Orchestra)</span> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/After_Hours_(1961_Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="After Hours (1961 Sarah Vaughan album)">After Hours</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/You%27re_Mine_You" title="You're Mine You">You're Mine You</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_%2B_2" title="Sarah + 2">Sarah + 2</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snowbound_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Snowbound (Sarah Vaughan album)">Snowbound</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Sings_Soulfully" title="Sarah Sings Soulfully">Sarah Sings Soulfully</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Explosive_Side_of_Sarah_Vaughan" title="The Explosive Side of Sarah Vaughan">The Explosive Side of Sarah Vaughan</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Slightly_Classical" title="Sarah Slightly Classical">Sarah Slightly Classical</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Eyes" title="Star Eyes">Star Eyes</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lonely_Hours" title="The Lonely Hours">The Lonely Hours</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vaughan_with_Voices" title="Vaughan with Voices">Vaughan with Voices</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sweet_%27n%27_Sassy" title="Sweet 'n' Sassy">Sweet 'n' Sassy</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C2%A1Viva!_Vaughan" title="¡Viva! Vaughan">¡Viva! Vaughan</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_Sings_the_Mancini_Songbook" title="Sarah Vaughan Sings the Mancini Songbook">Sarah Vaughan Sings the Mancini Songbook</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pop_Artistry_of_Sarah_Vaughan" title="Pop Artistry of Sarah Vaughan">Pop Artistry of Sarah Vaughan</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Scene" title="The New Scene">The New Scene</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/It%27s_a_Man%27s_World_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="It's a Man's World (Sarah Vaughan album)">It's a Man's World</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sassy_Swings_Again" title="Sassy Swings Again">Sassy Swings Again</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Time_in_My_Life" title="A Time in My Life">A Time in My Life</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_with_Michel_Legrand" title="Sarah Vaughan with Michel Legrand">Sarah Vaughan with Michel Legrand</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(with <a href="/wiki/Michel_Legrand" title="Michel Legrand">Michel Legrand</a>)</span> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Feelin%27_Good_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Feelin' Good (Sarah Vaughan album)">Feelin' Good</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Send_in_the_Clowns_(1974_album)" class="mw-redirect" title="Send in the Clowns (1974 album)">Send in the Clowns</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Love_Brazil!" title="I Love Brazil!">I Love Brazil!</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_Long_Has_This_Been_Going_On%3F_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="How Long Has This Been Going On? (Sarah Vaughan album)">How Long Has This Been Going On?</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Duke_Ellington_Songbook,_Vol._1" title="The Duke Ellington Songbook, Vol. 1">The Duke Ellington Songbook, Vol. 1</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Duke_Ellington_Songbook,_Vol._2" title="The Duke Ellington Songbook, Vol. 2">The Duke Ellington Songbook, Vol. 2</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Copacabana_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Copacabana (Sarah Vaughan album)">Copacabana</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Songs_of_the_Beatles" title="Songs of the Beatles">Songs of the Beatles</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Send_in_the_Clowns_(1981_album)" class="mw-redirect" title="Send in the Clowns (1981 album)">Send in the Clowns</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(with Count Basie Orchestra)</span> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crazy_and_Mixed_Up" title="Crazy and Mixed Up">Crazy and Mixed Up</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Planet_Is_Alive...Let_It_Live!" title="The Planet Is Alive...Let It Live!">The Planet Is Alive...Let It Live!</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Romance" title="Brazilian Romance">Brazilian Romance</a></i> (1987)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Filmography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Disc_Jockey_(film)" title="Disc Jockey (film)">Disc Jockey</a></i> (1951)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Murder,_Inc._(1960_film)" title="Murder, Inc. (1960 film)">Murder, Inc.</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i>Schlager-Raketen</i> (1960)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NYTObit-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHolden1990" class="citation news cs1">Holden, Stephen (April 5, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/04/05/obituaries/sarah-vaughan-divine-one-of-jazz-singing-is-dead-at-66.html">"Sarah Vaughan, 'Divine One' Of Jazz Singing, Is Dead at 66"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sarah+Vaughan%2C+%27Divine+One%27+Of+Jazz+Singing%2C+Is+Dead+at+66&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1990-04-05&rft.aulast=Holden&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F04%2F05%2Fobituaries%2Fsarah-vaughan-divine-one-of-jazz-singing-is-dead-at-66.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theenvelope.latimes.com/factsheets/awardsdb/env-awards-db-search,0,7169155.htmlstory?searchtype=all&query=Sarah+Vaughan&x=16&y=11">"Entertainment Awards Database"</a>. theenvelope.latimes.com. November 11, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Entertainment+Awards+Database&rft.pub=theenvelope.latimes.com&rft.date=2008-11-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftheenvelope.latimes.com%2Ffactsheets%2Fawardsdb%2Fenv-awards-db-search%2C0%2C7169155.htmlstory%3Fsearchtype%3Dall%26query%3DSarah%2BVaughan%26x%3D16%26y%3D11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-masters-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-masters_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arts.gov/honors/jazz/sarah-vaughan">"Sarah Vaughan"</a>. <i>NEA</i>. January 24, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NEA&rft.atitle=Sarah+Vaughan&rft.date=2013-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arts.gov%2Fhonors%2Fjazz%2Fsarah-vaughan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yanow-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Yanow_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYanow" class="citation web cs1">Yanow, Scott. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/sarah-vaughan-mn0000204901/biography">"Sarah Vaughan"</a>. <i>AllMusic</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllMusic&rft.atitle=Sarah+Vaughan&rft.aulast=Yanow&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fsarah-vaughan-mn0000204901%2Fbiography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GatesWest2002-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GatesWest2002_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGatesCornel_West2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Louis_Gates,_Jr" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Louis Gates, Jr">Gates, Henry Louis</a>; <a href="/wiki/Cornel_West" title="Cornel West">Cornel West</a> (February 5, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ih5ePspKSeAC"><i>The African-American Century: How Black Americans Have Shaped Our Country</i></a>. Simon and Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780684864150" title="Special:BookSources/9780684864150"><bdi>9780684864150</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+African-American+Century%3A+How+Black+Americans+Have+Shaped+Our+Country&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2002-02-05&rft.isbn=9780684864150&rft.aulast=Gates&rft.aufirst=Henry+Louis&rft.au=Cornel+West&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIh5ePspKSeAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sassy-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sassy_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sassy_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sassy_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sassy_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sassy_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sassy_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGourse2009" class="citation book cs1">Gourse, Leslie (August 5, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kvImwPArpeYC"><i>Sassy: The Life Of Sarah Vaughan</i></a>. Da Capo Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7867-5114-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7867-5114-3"><bdi>978-0-7867-5114-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sassy%3A+The+Life+Of+Sarah+Vaughan&rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&rft.date=2009-08-05&rft.isbn=978-0-7867-5114-3&rft.aulast=Gourse&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkvImwPArpeYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/sarah_vaughan_851605">"Sarah Vaughan - I've always been a Democrat; it runs in my..."</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sarah+Vaughan+-+I%27ve+always+been+a+Democrat%3B+it+runs+in+my...&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brainyquote.com%2Fquotes%2Fsarah_vaughan_851605&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hayes-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_8-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHayes2017" class="citation book cs1">Hayes, Elaine M. (July 4, 2017). <i>Queen of Bebop: The Musical Lives of Sarah Vaughan</i> (1 ed.). Ecco/Harper Collins. pp. <span class="nowrap">29–</span>32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-236468-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-236468-5"><bdi>978-0-06-236468-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Queen+of+Bebop%3A+The+Musical+Lives+of+Sarah+Vaughan&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E29-%3C%2Fspan%3E32&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Ecco%2FHarper+Collins&rft.date=2017-07-04&rft.isbn=978-0-06-236468-5&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=Elaine+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Starry' Day at Cavalcade of Jazz", <i>Los Angeles Sentinel</i>, September 4, 1947.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Said by Sarah Vaughan herself <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNi6M_A9AzU">in her introduction to singing "Tenderly" Live in Sweden in 1958</a> (on Youtube).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bb-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bb_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bb_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EBcEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT8">"Songs by Sarah Vaughan"</a>. <i>Billboard</i>. January 22, 1949. p. 9<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 29,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Songs+by+Sarah+Vaughan&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1949-01-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEBcEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPT8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Book_of_Golden_Discs-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Book_of_Golden_Discs_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurrells1978" class="citation book cs1">Murrells, Joseph (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bookofgoldendisc00murr/page/120"><i>The Book of Golden Discs</i></a> (2 ed.). London: Barrie and Jenkins. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bookofgoldendisc00murr/page/120">120</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-214-20512-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-214-20512-6"><bdi>0-214-20512-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Golden+Discs&rft.place=London&rft.pages=120&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Barrie+and+Jenkins&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=0-214-20512-6&rft.aulast=Murrells&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbookofgoldendisc00murr%2Fpage%2F120&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rebroadcast of Sunday Night at the London Palladium May 17, 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://northjersey.newspapers.com/article/the-news/38628111">"Singer Sarah Vaughan Sued for Limited Divorce"</a>. <i>North Jersey Newspapers</i>. March 27, 1963<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 21,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=North+Jersey+Newspapers&rft.atitle=Singer+Sarah+Vaughan+Sued+for+Limited+Divorce&rft.date=1963-03-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnorthjersey.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-news%2F38628111&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2008" class="citation news cs1">Harris, Gardiner (November 8, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/09/weekinreview/09harris.html?ref=weekinreview">"The Underside of the Welcome Mat"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 3,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Underside+of+the+Welcome+Mat&rft.date=2008-11-08&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Gardiner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F11%2F09%2Fweekinreview%2F09harris.html%3Fref%3Dweekinreview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/462446/Capitol-Fourth-1986-A/">"Capitol Fourth -- 1986, A (1986) - Overview - TCM.com"</a>. <i>Turner Classic Movies</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Turner+Classic+Movies&rft.atitle=Capitol+Fourth+--+1986%2C+A+%281986%29+-+Overview+-+TCM.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tcm.com%2Ftcmdb%2Ftitle%2F462446%2FCapitol-Fourth-1986-A%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/414906/laker-girls#notes">"Laker Girls"</a>. <i>tcm.com</i>. Turner Classic Movies<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 20,</span> 2021</span>. <q>Aired in United States April 3, 1990</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tcm.com&rft.atitle=Laker+Girls&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tcm.com%2Ftcmdb%2Ftitle%2F414906%2Flaker-girls%23notes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOliver1990" class="citation news cs1">Oliver, Myrna (April 5, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/archives/la-me-sarah-vaughan-19900405-snap-story.html">"Sarah Vaughan, 'Divine One' of Jazz, Dies at 66"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Sarah+Vaughan%2C+%27Divine+One%27+of+Jazz%2C+Dies+at+66&rft.date=1990-04-05&rft.aulast=Oliver&rft.aufirst=Myrna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Flocal%2Fobituaries%2Farchives%2Fla-me-sarah-vaughan-19900405-snap-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScaduto,_Anthony1990" class="citation news cs1">Scaduto, Anthony (April 10, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120725050547/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/77353804.html?dids=77353804:77353804&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr+10%2C+1990&author=By+Anthony+Scaduto&pub=Newsday+(Combined+editions)&desc=A+Final+Farewell+To+Sarah+Vaughan&pqatl=google">"A Final Farewell To Sarah Vaughan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Newsday" title="Newsday">Newsday</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/77353804.html?dids=77353804:77353804&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr+10%2C+1990&author=By+Anthony+Scaduto&pub=Newsday+(Combined+editions)&desc=A+Final+Farewell+To+Sarah+Vaughan&pqatl=google">the original</a> on July 25, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2011</span>. <q>Two white horses, bedecked with black plumes over their ears, pulled the hearse a little over three miles to Glendale Cemetery in nearby Bloomfield.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newsday&rft.atitle=A+Final+Farewell+To+Sarah+Vaughan&rft.date=1990-04-10&rft.au=Scaduto%2C+Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpqasb.pqarchiver.com%2Fnewsday%2Faccess%2F77353804.html%3Fdids%3D77353804%3A77353804%26FMT%3DABS%26FMTS%3DABS%3AFT%26type%3Dcurrent%26date%3DApr%2B10%252C%2B1990%26author%3DBy%2BAnthony%2BScaduto%26pub%3DNewsday%2B%28Combined%2Beditions%29%26desc%3DA%2BFinal%2BFarewell%2BTo%2BSarah%2BVaughan%26pqatl%3Dgoogle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWare2004" class="citation book cs1">Ware, Susan (July 23, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WSaMu4F06AQC&q=sarah+vaughan+glendale+cemetery&pg=PA653"><i>Notable American Women: A Biographical Dictionary Completing the Twentieth Century</i></a>. Harvard University Press. p. 653. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674014886" title="Special:BookSources/9780674014886"><bdi>9780674014886</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2021</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notable+American+Women%3A+A+Biographical+Dictionary+Completing+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pages=653&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2004-07-23&rft.isbn=9780674014886&rft.aulast=Ware&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWSaMu4F06AQC%26q%3Dsarah%2Bvaughan%2Bglendale%2Bcemetery%26pg%3DPA653&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CarrFairweather2004-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CarrFairweather2004_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarr,_IanDigby_FairweatherBrian_Priestley2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ian_Carr" title="Ian Carr">Carr, Ian</a>; <a href="/wiki/Digby_Fairweather" title="Digby Fairweather">Digby Fairweather</a>; <a href="/wiki/Brian_Priestley" title="Brian Priestley">Brian Priestley</a> (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/roughguidetojazz00carr"><i>The Rough Guide to Jazz</i></a></span>. Rough Guides. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/roughguidetojazz00carr/page/147">147</a>–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84353-256-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84353-256-9"><bdi>978-1-84353-256-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rough+Guide+to+Jazz&rft.pages=147-&rft.pub=Rough+Guides&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-84353-256-9&rft.au=Carr%2C+Ian&rft.au=Digby+Fairweather&rft.au=Brian+Priestley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Froughguidetojazz00carr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gourse 2001, p. 246.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Giddins2000-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Giddins2000_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Giddins2000_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiddins2000" class="citation book cs1">Giddins, Gary (May 18, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MH0btmTBccsC&pg=PA307"><i>Visions of Jazz: The First Century</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 307–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-513241-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-513241-0"><bdi>978-0-19-513241-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Visions+of+Jazz%3A+The+First+Century&rft.pages=307-&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000-05-18&rft.isbn=978-0-19-513241-0&rft.aulast=Giddins&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMH0btmTBccsC%26pg%3DPA307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inc1972-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Inc1972_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inc1972_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompson,_Thomas1972" class="citation magazine cs1">Thompson, Thomas (June 16, 1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NVcEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA27">"Almost nobody's as classy as Sassy"</a>. <i>Life</i>. p. 27–. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0024-3019">0024-3019</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life&rft.atitle=Almost+nobody%27s+as+classy+as+Sassy&rft.pages=27-&rft.date=1972-06-16&rft.issn=0024-3019&rft.au=Thompson%2C+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNVcEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Williams1992-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Williams1992_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Williams1992_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Williams1992_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Williams1992_25-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Williams1992_25-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams1992" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Martin (November 11, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CRd6wD3LH84C&pg=PA211"><i>The Jazz Tradition</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 211–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-536017-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-536017-2"><bdi>978-0-19-536017-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jazz+Tradition&rft.pages=211-&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1992-11-11&rft.isbn=978-0-19-536017-2&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCRd6wD3LH84C%26pg%3DPA211&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT87-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT87_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolden1987" class="citation news cs1">Holden, Stephen (June 21, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1987/06/21/arts/sarah-vaughan-at-carnegie.html">"Sarah Vaughan At Carnegie"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. 52.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sarah+Vaughan+At+Carnegie&rft.pages=52&rft.date=1987-06-21&rft.aulast=Holden&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1987%2F06%2F21%2Farts%2Fsarah-vaughan-at-carnegie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTCarnegie-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYTCarnegie_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolden1988" class="citation news cs1">Holden, Stephen (July 3, 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1988/07/03/arts/jazz-festival-sarah-vaughan-at-carnegie-shows-grace-in-adversity.html">"Jazz Festival; Sarah Vaughan, at Carnegie, Shows Grace in Adversity"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. 33.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Jazz+Festival%3B+Sarah+Vaughan%2C+at+Carnegie%2C+Shows+Grace+in+Adversity&rft.pages=33&rft.date=1988-07-03&rft.aulast=Holden&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1988%2F07%2F03%2Farts%2Fjazz-festival-sarah-vaughan-at-carnegie-shows-grace-in-adversity.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pleasants-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pleasants_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPleasants1985" class="citation book cs1">Pleasants, Henry (1985). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greatamericanpop00plea"><i>The Great American Popular Singers</i></a></span>. Simon and Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0671540999" title="Special:BookSources/978-0671540999"><bdi>978-0671540999</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+American+Popular+Singers.&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0671540999&rft.aulast=Pleasants&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgreatamericanpop00plea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Phillips2013-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Phillips2013_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillips2013" class="citation book cs1">Phillips, Damon J. (July 21, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jOh9a-rL-e0C"><i>Shaping Jazz: Cities, Labels, and the Global Emergence of an Art Form</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. p. 150. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-4648-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-4648-1"><bdi>978-1-4008-4648-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shaping+Jazz%3A+Cities%2C+Labels%2C+and+the+Global+Emergence+of+an+Art+Form&rft.pages=150&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2013-07-21&rft.isbn=978-1-4008-4648-1&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Damon+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjOh9a-rL-e0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan">"Sarah Vaughan - Wikiquote"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sarah+Vaughan+-+Wikiquote&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikiquote.org%2Fwiki%2FSarah_Vaughan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0891088/">"Paris Vaughan"</a>. <i>IMDb.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 1,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Zphib1920.org&rft.atitle=%CE%96%CE%A6%CE%92+Heritage+%3A%3A+Notable+Zetas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zphib1920.org%2Fnotables.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110219001619/http://www.grammy.org/recording-academy/awards/hall-of-fame">"Grammy Hall of Fame"</a>. GRAMMY.org. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grammy+Hall+of+Fame&rft.pub=GRAMMY.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.grammy.org%2Frecording-academy%2Fawards%2Fhall-of-fame&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-recip-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-recip_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.berklee.edu/about/honorary-degree-recipients">"Honorary Degree Recipients"</a>. <i>www.berklee.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.berklee.edu&rft.atitle=Honorary+Degree+Recipients&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.berklee.edu%2Fabout%2Fhonorary-degree-recipients&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-njhall-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-njhall_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://njhalloffame.org/hall-of-famers/2012-inductees/sarah-vaughan/">"Sarah Vaughan"</a>. <i>New Jersey Hall of Fame</i>. April 14, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Jersey+Hall+of+Fame&rft.atitle=Sarah+Vaughan&rft.date=2014-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnjhalloffame.org%2Fhall-of-famers%2F2012-inductees%2Fsarah-vaughan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rail-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rail_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey_Light_Rail/City_Subway">"Newark, New Jersey Light Rail/City Subway"</a>. <i>www.nycsubway.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nycsubway.org&rft.atitle=Newark%2C+New+Jersey+Light+Rail%2FCity+Subway&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nycsubway.org%2Fwiki%2FNewark%2C_New_Jersey_Light_Rail%2FCity_Subway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927221758/http://www.uclalumni.net/calendarevents/springsing/Gershwin/winners.cfm">"Student Alumni Association | UCLA Alumni"</a>. Uclalumni.net. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Student+Alumni+Association+%26%23124%3B+UCLA+Alumni&rft.pub=Uclalumni.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uclalumni.net%2FCalendarEvents%2Fspringsing%2FGershwin%2Fwinners.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Riley-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Riley_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiley2016" class="citation web cs1">Riley, Ricky (April 2, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://atlantablackstar.com/2016/04/02/jazz-legend-sarah-vaughan-joins-other-black-music-greats-with-commemorative-stamp/">"Jazz Legend Sarah Vaughan Joins Other Black Music Greats with Commemorative Stamp"</a>. <i>Atlanta Black Star</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Atlanta+Black+Star&rft.atitle=Jazz+Legend+Sarah+Vaughan+Joins+Other+Black+Music+Greats+with+Commemorative+Stamp&rft.date=2016-04-02&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=Ricky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fatlantablackstar.com%2F2016%2F04%2F02%2Fjazz-legend-sarah-vaughan-joins-other-black-music-greats-with-commemorative-stamp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPolice2023" class="citation web cs1">Police, Jazz (November 9, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.twincitiesjazzfestival.com/one-last-look-back-the-2022-td-james-moody-jazz-festival/">"One Last Look Back – The 2022 TD James Moody Jazz Festival"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=One+Last+Look+Back+%E2%80%93+The+2022+TD+James+Moody+Jazz+Festival&rft.date=2023-11-09&rft.aulast=Police&rft.aufirst=Jazz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.twincitiesjazzfestival.com%2Fone-last-look-back-the-2022-td-james-moody-jazz-festival%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWild" class="citation web cs1">Wild, Stephi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.broadwayworld.com/new-jersey/article/12th-Annual-TD-James-Moody-Jazz-Festival-Returns-to-NJPAC-in-November-20230912">"12th Annual TD James Moody Jazz Festival Returns to NJPAC in November"</a>. <i>BroadwayWorld.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BroadwayWorld.com&rft.atitle=12th+Annual+TD+James+Moody+Jazz+Festival+Returns+to+NJPAC+in+November&rft.aulast=Wild&rft.aufirst=Stephi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.broadwayworld.com%2Fnew-jersey%2Farticle%2F12th-Annual-TD-James-Moody-Jazz-Festival-Returns-to-NJPAC-in-November-20230912&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9425676/">"Pamela McPherson-Cornelius | Actress"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMDb&rft.atitle=Pamela+McPherson-Cornelius+%26%23124%3B+Actress&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Fname%2Fnm9425676%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarah+Vaughan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Vaughan&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0891098/">Sarah Vaughan</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewItem.do?ark=21198/zz0002w1dh">Image of Sarah Vaughan performing in Los Angeles, California, 1986.</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i> Photographic Archive (Collection 1429). UCLA Library Special Collections, <a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Young_Research_Library" title="Charles E. Young Research Library">Charles E. Young Research Library</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">University of California, Los Angeles</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#b0e0e6}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-temp .navbox-title{background-color:#d3d3d3}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)}html.skin-theme-clienpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist .navbox-title{background-color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clienpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist .navbox-title{background-color:inherit}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox navbox-musical-artist navbox-musical-artist-solo" aria-labelledby="Sarah_Vaughan297" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" 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colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_albums_discography" title="Sarah Vaughan albums discography">Albums</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_singles_discography" title="Sarah Vaughan singles discography">Singles</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Studio albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_(1950_album)" title="Sarah Vaughan (1950 album)">Sarah Vaughan (1950 album)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_(1955_album)" title="Sarah Vaughan (1955 album)">Sarah Vaughan (1955 album)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Land_of_Hi-Fi_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="In the Land of Hi-Fi (Sarah Vaughan album)">In the Land of Hi-Fi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/After_Hours_(1955_Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="After Hours (1955 Sarah Vaughan album)">After Hours</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sassy_(album)" title="Sassy (album)">Sassy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Swingin%27_Easy" title="Swingin' Easy">Swingin' Easy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_and_Billy_Eckstine_Sing_the_Best_of_Irving_Berlin" title="Sarah Vaughan and Billy Eckstine Sing the Best of Irving Berlin">Sarah Vaughan and Billy Eckstine Sing the Best of Irving Berlin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_Sings_George_Gershwin" title="Sarah Vaughan Sings George Gershwin">Sarah Vaughan Sings George Gershwin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_Sings_Broadway:_Great_Songs_from_Hit_Shows" title="Sarah Vaughan Sings Broadway: Great Songs from Hit Shows">Sarah Vaughan Sings Broadway: Great Songs from Hit Shows</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Count_Sarah" title="No Count Sarah">No Count Sarah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vaughan_and_Violins" title="Vaughan and Violins">Vaughan and Violins</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Close_to_You_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Close to You (Sarah Vaughan album)">Close to You</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dreamy_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Dreamy (Sarah Vaughan album)">Dreamy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Divine_One" title="The Divine One">The Divine One</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Explosive_Side_of_Sarah_Vaughan" title="The Explosive Side of Sarah Vaughan">The Explosive Side of Sarah Vaughan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Count_Basie/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Count Basie/Sarah Vaughan">Count Basie/Sarah Vaughan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/After_Hours_(1961_Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="After Hours (1961 Sarah Vaughan album)">After Hours</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/You%27re_Mine_You" title="You're Mine You">You're Mine You</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_%2B_2" title="Sarah + 2">Sarah + 2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Sings_Soulfully" title="Sarah Sings Soulfully">Sarah Sings Soulfully</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snowbound_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Snowbound (Sarah Vaughan album)">Snowbound</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sweet_%27n%27_Sassy" title="Sweet 'n' Sassy">Sweet 'n' Sassy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Eyes" title="Star Eyes">Star Eyes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Slightly_Classical" title="Sarah Slightly Classical">Sarah Slightly Classical</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vaughan_with_Voices" title="Vaughan with Voices">Vaughan with Voices</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pop_Artistry_of_Sarah_Vaughan" title="Pop Artistry of Sarah Vaughan">Pop Artistry of Sarah Vaughan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lonely_Hours" title="The Lonely Hours">The Lonely Hours</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C2%A1Viva!_Vaughan" title="¡Viva! Vaughan">¡Viva! Vaughan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_Sings_the_Mancini_Songbook" title="Sarah Vaughan Sings the Mancini Songbook">Sarah Vaughan Sings the Mancini Songbook</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Scene" title="The New Scene">The New Scene</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/It%27s_a_Man%27s_World_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="It's a Man's World (Sarah Vaughan album)">It's a Man's World</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sassy_Swings_Again" title="Sassy Swings Again">Sassy Swings Again</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Time_in_My_Life" title="A Time in My Life">A Time in My Life</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_with_Michel_Legrand" title="Sarah Vaughan with Michel Legrand">Sarah Vaughan with Michel Legrand</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Feelin%27_Good_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Feelin' Good (Sarah Vaughan album)">Feelin' Good</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Send_In_the_Clowns_(1974_Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Send In the Clowns (1974 Sarah Vaughan album)">Send in the Clowns</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Love_Brazil!" title="I Love Brazil!">I Love Brazil!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_Long_Has_This_Been_Going_On%3F_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="How Long Has This Been Going On? (Sarah Vaughan album)">How Long Has This Been Going On?</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Duke_Ellington_Songbook,_Vol._1" title="The Duke Ellington Songbook, Vol. 1">The Duke Ellington Songbook, Vol. 1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Duke_Ellington_Songbook,_Vol._2" title="The Duke Ellington Songbook, Vol. 2">The Duke Ellington Songbook, Vol. 2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Copacabana_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Copacabana (Sarah Vaughan album)">Copacabana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Songs_of_the_Beatles" title="Songs of the Beatles">Songs of the Beatles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Send_In_the_Clowns_(1981_Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Send In the Clowns (1981 Sarah Vaughan album)">Send in the Clowns</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crazy_and_Mixed_Up" title="Crazy and Mixed Up">Crazy and Mixed Up</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Planet_Is_Alive...Let_It_Live!" title="The Planet Is Alive...Let It Live!">The Planet Is Alive...Let It Live!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Romance" title="Brazilian Romance">Brazilian Romance</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Live albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/At_Mister_Kelly%27s" title="At Mister Kelly's">At Mister Kelly's</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/After_Hours_at_the_London_House" title="After Hours at the London House">After Hours at the London House</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sassy_Swings_the_Tivoli" title="Sassy Swings the Tivoli">Sassy Swings the Tivoli</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Live_in_Japan_(Sarah_Vaughan_album)" title="Live in Japan (Sarah Vaughan album)">Live in Japan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_with_the_Jimmy_Rowles_Quintet" title="Sarah Vaughan with the Jimmy Rowles Quintet">Sarah Vaughan with the Jimmy Rowles Quintet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Scott%27s_Presents_Sarah_Vaughan_Live" title="Ronnie Scott's Presents Sarah Vaughan Live">Ronnie Scott's Presents Sarah Vaughan Live</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gershwin_Live!" title="Gershwin Live!">Gershwin Live!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/One_Night_Stand_%E2%80%93_The_Town_Hall_Concert_1947" title="One Night Stand – The Town Hall Concert 1947">One Night Stand – The Town Hall Concert 1947</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_the_City_of_Lights" title="In the City of Lights">In the City of Lights</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Linger_Awhile:_Live_at_Newport_and_More" title="Linger Awhile: Live at Newport and More">Linger Awhile: Live at Newport and More</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Divine_Lady_of_Song" title="Divine Lady of Song">Divine Lady of Song</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compilation albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan_in_Hi-Fi" title="Sarah Vaughan in Hi-Fi">Sarah Vaughan in Hi-Fi</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other album appearances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/2:00_AM_Paradise_Cafe" title="2:00 AM Paradise Cafe">2:00 AM Paradise Cafe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Back_on_the_Block" title="Back on the Block">Back on the Block</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extended plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hot_Jazz_(EP)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot Jazz (EP)">Hot Jazz</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Divine_Sarah_Sings" title="The Divine Sarah Sings">The Divine Sarah Sings</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Tenderly" title="Tenderly">Tenderly</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Nature_Boy" title="Nature Boy">Nature Boy</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/It%27s_Magic" title="It's Magic">It's Magic</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Black_Coffee_(1948_song)" title="Black Coffee (1948 song)">Black Coffee</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/That_Lucky_Old_Sun" title="That Lucky Old Sun">That Lucky Old Sun (Just Rolls Around Heaven All Day)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Thinking_of_You_(1927_song)" title="Thinking of You (1927 song)">Thinking of You</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Vanity_(1951_song)" title="Vanity (1951 song)">Vanity</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/How_Important_Can_It_Be%3F" title="How Important Can It Be?">How Important Can It Be?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Whatever_Lola_Wants" title="Whatever Lola Wants">Whatever Lola Wants</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mr._Wonderful_(1955_song)" title="Mr. Wonderful (1955 song)">Mr. Wonderful</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Day-O_(The_Banana_Boat_Song)" title="Day-O (The Banana Boat Song)">The Banana Boat Song</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Passing_Strangers_(1957_song)" title="Passing Strangers (1957 song)">Passing Strangers</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Broken_Hearted_Melody" title="Broken Hearted Melody">Broken Hearted Melody</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Misty_(song)" title="Misty (song)">Misty</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Eternally_(Charlie_Chaplin_song)" title="Eternally (Charlie Chaplin song)">Eternally</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Lover%27s_Concerto" title="A Lover's Concerto">A Lover's Concerto</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Autumn_in_New_York_(song)" title="Autumn in New York (song)">Autumn in New York</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Body_and_Soul_(1930_song)" title="Body and Soul (1930 song)">Body and Soul</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Dancing_in_the_Dark_(Howard_Dietz_and_Arthur_Schwartz_song)" title="Dancing in the Dark (Howard Dietz and Arthur Schwartz song)">Dancing in the Dark</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Blame_Me_(Dorothy_Fields_and_Jimmy_McHugh_song)" title="Don't Blame Me (Dorothy Fields and Jimmy McHugh song)">Don't Blame Me</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Everything_I_Have_Is_Yours_(song)" title="Everything I Have Is Yours (song)">Everything I Have Is Yours</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I%27ve_Got_a_Crush_on_You" title="I've Got a Crush on You">I've Got a Crush on You</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/If_You_Could_See_Me_Now_(1946_song)" title="If You Could See Me Now (1946 song)">If You Could See Me Now</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Moonlight_in_Vermont_(song)" title="Moonlight in Vermont (song)">Moonlight in Vermont</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/My_Funny_Valentine" title="My Funny Valentine">My Funny Valentine</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Poor_Butterfly" title="Poor Butterfly">Poor Butterfly</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Send_In_the_Clowns" title="Send In the Clowns">Send In the Clowns</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Someone_to_Watch_Over_Me_(song)" title="Someone to Watch Over Me (song)">Someone to Watch Over Me</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/With_These_Hands_(song)" title="With These Hands (song)">With These Hands</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Calling:_Celebrating_Sarah_Vaughan" title="The Calling: Celebrating Sarah Vaughan">The Calling: Celebrating Sarah Vaughan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarah:_Dedicated_to_You" title="Sarah: Dedicated to You">Sarah: Dedicated to You</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unmarked_Van:_A_Tribute_to_Sarah_Vaughan" title="Unmarked Van: A Tribute to Sarah Vaughan">Unmarked Van: A Tribute to Sarah Vaughan</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Individual_Performance_in_a_Variety_or_Music_Program126" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F9EFAA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:EmmyAward_VarietyPerformance" title="Template:EmmyAward VarietyPerformance"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:EmmyAward_VarietyPerformance" title="Template talk:EmmyAward VarietyPerformance"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:EmmyAward_VarietyPerformance" title="Special:EditPage/Template:EmmyAward VarietyPerformance"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Individual_Performance_in_a_Variety_or_Music_Program126" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Individual_Performance_in_a_Variety_or_Music_Program" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program">Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1959–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Perry_Como" title="Perry Como">Perry Como</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dinah_Shore" title="Dinah Shore">Dinah Shore</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Belafonte" title="Harry Belafonte">Harry Belafonte</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Danny_Kaye" title="Danny Kaye">Danny Kaye</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Art_Carney" title="Art Carney">Art Carney</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Art_Carney" title="Art Carney">Art Carney</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pat_Paulsen" title="Pat Paulsen">Pat Paulsen</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arte_Johnson" title="Arte Johnson">Arte Johnson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Korman" title="Harvey Korman">Harvey Korman</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Korman" title="Harvey Korman">Harvey Korman</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Korman" title="Harvey Korman">Harvey Korman</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Conway" title="Tim Conway">Tim Conway</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Korman" title="Harvey Korman">Harvey Korman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brenda_Vaccaro" title="Brenda Vaccaro">Brenda Vaccaro</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Albertson" title="Jack Albertson">Jack Albertson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cloris_Leachman" title="Cloris Leachman">Cloris Leachman</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1976–1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chevy_Chase" title="Chevy Chase">Chevy Chase</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vicki_Lawrence" title="Vicki Lawrence">Vicki Lawrence</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Conway" title="Tim Conway">Tim Conway</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rita_Moreno" title="Rita Moreno">Rita Moreno</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Conway" title="Tim Conway">Tim Conway</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gilda_Radner" title="Gilda Radner">Gilda Radner</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sarah Vaughan</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nell_Carter" title="Nell Carter">Nell Carter</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_De_Shields" title="André De Shields">André De Shields</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leontyne_Price" title="Leontyne Price">Leontyne Price</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cloris_Leachman" title="Cloris Leachman">Cloris Leachman</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Hearn" title="George Hearn">George Hearn</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Whitney_Houston" title="Whitney Houston">Whitney Houston</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robin_Williams" title="Robin Williams">Robin Williams</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robin_Williams" title="Robin Williams">Robin Williams</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Linda_Ronstadt" title="Linda Ronstadt">Linda Ronstadt</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tracey_Ullman" title="Tracey Ullman">Tracey Ullman</a> (1990)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1991–2008</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Crystal" title="Billy Crystal">Billy Crystal</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bette_Midler" title="Bette Midler">Bette Midler</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dana_Carvey" title="Dana Carvey">Dana Carvey</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tracey_Ullman" title="Tracey Ullman">Tracey Ullman</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Bennett" title="Tony Bennett">Tony Bennett</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bette_Midler" title="Bette Midler">Bette Midler</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Crystal" title="Billy Crystal">Billy Crystal</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Leguizamo" title="John Leguizamo">John Leguizamo</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Izzard" title="Eddie Izzard">Eddie Izzard</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sting_(musician)" title="Sting (musician)">Sting</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Brady" title="Wayne Brady">Wayne Brady</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Stritch" title="Elaine Stritch">Elaine Stritch</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Jackman" title="Hugh Jackman">Hugh Jackman</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Manilow" title="Barry Manilow">Barry Manilow</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Bennett" title="Tony Bennett">Tony Bennett</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Don_Rickles" title="Don Rickles">Don Rickles</a> (2008)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saxo_Boca1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saxo_Boca1.JPG/18px-Saxo_Boca1.JPG" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saxo_Boca1.JPG/28px-Saxo_Boca1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saxo_Boca1.JPG/36px-Saxo_Boca1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="219" data-file-height="230" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Jazz" title="Portal:Jazz">Jazz</a></li><li 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/112758178">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/87104/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJxhrKHwQRw9DRvTYCj3cP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119140047">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82019976">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13900777n">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13900777n">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Vaughan, Sarah <1924-1990>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/UFIV127306">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35639787">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ola2002159304&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX867031">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p074896679">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007427166605171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000191661">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14679107">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA0684456X?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500330865">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/351d8bdf-33a1-45e2-8c04-c85fad20da55">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/artists/sarah-vaughan/15516">Grammy Awards</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emmys.com/bios/sarah-vaughan">Emmy Awards</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1024120">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/119140047.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119140047">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/071343008">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10567892">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6cc1ksr">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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