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cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Търсене в Уикипедия" aria-label="Търсене в Уикипедия" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Специални:Търсене"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Търсене</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Лични инструменти"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Облик" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Облик</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg" class=""><span>Направете дарение</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB+%28%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%29" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително." class=""><span>Създаване на сметка</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB+%28%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%29" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Влизане</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Допълнителни опции" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Лични инструменти" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Лични инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Потребителско меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg"><span>Направете дарение</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB+%28%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%29" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Създаване на сметка</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB+%28%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%29" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Влизане</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страници за излезли от системата редактори <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%89:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Научете повече за редактирането"><span>научете повече</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Списък на промените, направени от този IP адрес [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Приноси</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Дискусия относно редакциите от този адрес [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Съдържание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Съдържание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Етимология" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Етимология"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Етимология</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Етимология-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Топография" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Топография"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Топография</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Топография-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Геология" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Геология"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Геология</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Геология-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Климат" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Климат"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Климат</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Климат-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Реки_и_езера" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Реки_и_езера"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Реки и езера</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Реки_и_езера-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Флора" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Флора"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Флора</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Флора-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Фауна" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Фауна"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Фауна</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Фауна-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Астрономически_събития" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Астрономически_събития"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Астрономически събития</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Астрономически_събития-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Превключване на подраздел Астрономически събития</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Астрономически_събития-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2013_руско_метеорно_събитие" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2013_руско_метеорно_събитие"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>2013 руско метеорно събитие</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2013_руско_метеорно_събитие-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-История" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#История"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>История</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-История-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Етнически_състав" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Етнически_състав"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Етнически състав</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Етнически_състав-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Текущо_административно_деление_на_Урал" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Текущо_административно_деление_на_Урал"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Текущо административно деление на Урал</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Текущо_административно_деление_на_Урал-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Източници" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Източници"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Източници</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Източници-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Съдържание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Скриване/показване на съдържанието" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Скриване/показване на съдържанието</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Урал (регион)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Към статията на друг език. Налична на 24 езика" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 езика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Урал – башкирски" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Урал" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Ураал – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Ураал" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%86%DB%95)" title="ئۆرال (ناوچە) – кюрдски (централен)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئۆرال (ناوچە)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="кюрдски (централен)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A" title="Оуралъ – църковнославянски" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Оуралъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="църковнославянски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Урал – чувашки" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Урал" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ural_(region)" title="Ural (region) – английски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ural (region)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ural" title="Ural – испански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ural" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%87)" title="اورال (منطقه) – персийски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اورال (منطقه)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%9C_(%D7%90%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99)" title="האורל (אזור גאוגרפי) – иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האורל (אזור גאוגרפי)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ურალი – грузински" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ურალი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EB%9E%84_%EC%A7%80%EC%97%AD" title="우랄 지역 – корейски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="우랄 지역" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oeralgebied" title="Oeralgebied – нидерландски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oeralgebied" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Урал – осетински" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Урал" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ural_(region_fizycznogeograficzny)" title="Ural (region fizycznogeograficzny) – полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ural (region fizycznogeograficzny)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ural_(regi%C3%A3o)" title="Ural (região) – португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ural (região)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ural_(regiune)" title="Ural (regiune) – румънски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ural (regiune)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румънски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Урал – руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Урал" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ural_(regi%C3%B3n)" title="Ural (región) – словашки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ural (región)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urawu_(chisi)" title="Urawu (chisi) – шона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Urawu (chisi)" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5_(%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84)" title="ยูรัล (ภูมิภาค) – тайски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยูรัล (ภูมิภาค)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ural_(rehiyon)" title="Ural (rehiyon) – тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ural (rehiyon)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD)" title="Урал (регіон) – украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Урал (регіон)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D8%AE%D8%B7%DB%81)" title="اورال (خطہ) – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اورال (خطہ)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80" title="烏拉地區 – китайски" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="烏拉地區" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1322976#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Редактиране на междуезиковите препратки" class="wbc-editpage">Редактиране</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именни пространства"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)" title="Преглед на основната страница [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Статия</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0:%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)" rel="discussion" title="Беседа за страницата [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Промяна на езиковия вариант" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">български</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Прегледи"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=history" title="Предишни версии на страницата [h]" accesskey="h"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Инструменти" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Инструменти</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=history"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Основни </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)" title="Списък на всички страници, сочещи насам [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Какво сочи 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ural_(region)" hreflang="en"><span>Общомедия</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1322976" title="Препратка към свързания обект от хранилището за данни [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Обект в Уикиданни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Облик</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скриване</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">от Уикипедия, свободната енциклопедия</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bg" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10580035/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:left;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption-center{text-align:center;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:354px;max-width:354px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader" style="text-align:center;background-color:transparent">Региони на Урал в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Русия">Русия</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:352px;max-width:352px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Map_of_Russia_-_Urals_Federal_District.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Map_of_Russia_-_Urals_Federal_District.svg/350px-Map_of_Russia_-_Urals_Federal_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Map_of_Russia_-_Urals_Federal_District.svg/525px-Map_of_Russia_-_Urals_Federal_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Map_of_Russia_-_Urals_Federal_District.svg/700px-Map_of_Russia_-_Urals_Federal_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1092" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B3" title="Уралски федерален окръг">Уралски федерален окръг</a><sup id="cite_ref-ukaz_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ukaz-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:352px;max-width:352px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Urals_economic_region.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Urals_economic_region.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="207" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Икономически регион Урал (страницата не съществува)">Икономически регион Урал</a><sup id="cite_ref-bseecon_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bseecon-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:352px;max-width:352px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Ural_Mountains_Map_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Ural_Mountains_Map_2.png/350px-Ural_Mountains_Map_2.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="396" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Ural_Mountains_Map_2.png 1.5x" data-file-width="507" data-file-height="574" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Географски регион Урал</div></div></div></div></div> <p><b>Урал</b> е географски регион, разположен около планината <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Урал (планина)">Урал</a>, между <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Източноевропейска равнина">Източноевропейската</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Западносибирска равнина">Западносибирската</a> равнини. </p><p>Счита се за част от <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF" title="Евразийска степ">Евразийската степ</a>, простираща се приблизително от север на юг – от <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Северен ледовит океан">Северния ледовит океан</a> до изворите на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Урал (река)">река Урал</a>, близо до град <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Орск">Орск</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-bse_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Урал се намира най-вече в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Русия">Русия,</a> но включва и малка част от Северозападен <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казахстан">Казахстан</a>. Това е историческа област, с граници, припокриващи се със съседните региони на Западна <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Волга">Волга</a> и Източен <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Сибир">Сибир</a>. В миналото части от съществуващия Уралски регион са се смятали за начало на Сибир или дори в Сибир и са комбинирани с административните подразделения на Волга. Днес има две официални съименници – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B3" title="Уралски федерален окръг">уралския федерален окръг</a> и уралския икономически район. </p><p>Историческият център на Урал – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Чердин">Чердин</a> – малък град в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Пермски край">Пермския край</a>. През 1797 г. Пермският край е административен център на <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Губерния">губернията</a> със същото име. Най-голямата територия на историческия и съвременен Урал е включена в Пермската губерния. Административният център на Урал е преместен в Свердловск (днес <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Екатеринбург">Екатеринбург</a>) след Революцията и Гражданската война. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Етимология"><span id=".D0.95.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Етимология</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Редактиране на раздел: Етимология" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Етимология"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>От XI век районът на Уралските планини е наричан от руснаците Камен (<i>Камень</i>, „Камъкът“). От средата на XVI до началото на XVII век южните части стават известни като Урал. Името, вероятно произлизащо от <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Тюркски народи">тюркски</a> <i>арал</i>, по-късно се разпространява в цялата област. Думата буквално означава „остров“ и е използвана за всяка територия, различна от околния терен. В <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Башкортостан">Башкортостан</a> има легенда от XIII век за герой на име <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Урал-батир">Урал</a>, който пожертвал живота си заради своя народ. За да го почетат, хората изсипват каменна купчина на гроба му, която по-късно се превръща в планините Уралските планини.<sup id="cite_ref-bse7_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse7-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Топография"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.BE.D0.BF.D0.BE.D0.B3.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.84.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Топография</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Редактиране на раздел: Топография" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Топография"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE.jpg/220px-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE.jpg/330px-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE.jpg/440px-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption> Планината Манарага</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Iset_-_view_from_Three_Caves_(left).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Iset_-_view_from_Three_Caves_%28left%29.jpg/220px-Iset_-_view_from_Three_Caves_%28left%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Iset_-_view_from_Three_Caves_%28left%29.jpg/330px-Iset_-_view_from_Three_Caves_%28left%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Iset_-_view_from_Three_Caves_%28left%29.jpg/440px-Iset_-_view_from_Three_Caves_%28left%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="1278" /></a><figcaption>Река Исет край <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA_%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Каменск Уралски">Каменск-Уралски</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>По топография и други природни особености Урал е разделен от север на юг на полярна (или арктическа), близополярна (или субарктическа), северна, централна и южна части. Полярният Урал има площ около 25 000 km<sup>2</sup> и силно разчленен релеф, а близополярният Урал е по-широк (до 150 km) и по-висока от Полярния Урал. Северният Урал се състои от поредица от успоредни хребети с височина до 1000 – 1300 m и надлъжни вдлъбнатини, които са удължени от север на юг. Централният Урал е най-ниската част на Урал, с най-високата планина от 994 m (Басеги) и плавен релеф. Релефът на Южен Урал е по-сложен, с множество долини и хребети, насочени на югозапад и меридионално. <sup id="cite_ref-bse2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-brit_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Геология"><span id=".D0.93.D0.B5.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Геология</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Редактиране на раздел: Геология" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Геология"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>В Урал се срещат 48 вида икономически ценни руди и минерали. Източните региони са богати на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Халкопирит">халкопирит</a>, никелов оксид, хромитни и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Магнетит">магнетитови</a> руди, както и на въглища (в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82" title="Челябинска област">Челябинска област</a>), <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Боксит">боксити</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Злато">злато</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Платина">платина</a>. В Западел Урал има находища на въглища, нефт, газ и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий">калиеви</a> соли, но специалността на Урал са скъпоценни и полускъпоценни камъни, като <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4" title="Смарагд">изумруд</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82" title="Аметист">аметист</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Берил">аквамарин</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Яспис">яспис</a>, родонит, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Малахит">малахит</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Диамант">диамант</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bse3_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Климат"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.82"></span>Климат</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Редактиране на раздел: Климат" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Климат"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Климатът на Урал е континентален. Хребетите на Уралските планини са удължени от север на юг като по този начин ефективно абсорбират слънчевата светлина, повишавайки температурата. При областите на запад от Уралските планини през зимата е 1 – 2 °C по-топло през зимата в сравнение с източните райони, тъй като първите се затоплят от по-топлите въздушни маси от Атлантическия океан, докато източните склонове се охлаждат от сибирските въздушни маси. Средните януарски температури се увеличават в западните райони от –20 °C в полярите до –15 °C в Южен Урал и съответните температури през юли са 10 °С и 20 °С. Западните райони са с по-големи годишни суми на валежите от източните – около 150 – 300 mm/годишно. Най-голямото количество валежи (1000 mm) падат в Северен Урал. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Реки_и_езера"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B5.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D0.B8_.D0.B5.D0.B7.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Реки и езера</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Редактиране на раздел: Реки и езера" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Реки и езера"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Maksimovsky_rock_Chusovaya_river.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Maksimovsky_rock_Chusovaya_river.jpg/220px-Maksimovsky_rock_Chusovaya_river.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Maksimovsky_rock_Chusovaya_river.jpg/330px-Maksimovsky_rock_Chusovaya_river.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Maksimovsky_rock_Chusovaya_river.jpg/440px-Maksimovsky_rock_Chusovaya_river.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3370" data-file-height="2900" /></a><figcaption>Река <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Чусовая">Чусовая</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Повечето реки в Урал се оттичат към <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Северен ледовит океан">Северния ледовит океан</a>. Това са реките <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Тобол">Тобол</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Исет">Исет</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Тура (река)">Тура</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Печора (река)">Печора</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Лозва">Лозва</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Северна Сосва">Северна Сосва</a>. Южните реки – реките <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Урал (река)">Урал</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Кама (река)">Кама</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Белая">Белая</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Чусовая">Чусовая</a> – се оттичат към <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Каспийско море">Каспийско море</a>. Западните реки, особено северозападните, са по-пълноводни. Пълноводието им трае около 2 – 3 месеца и често причиняват наводнения през май – юни (юни – юли в полярните области), а югоизточните са много по-маловодни и могат да пресъхнат през лятото. Реките се подхранват от топенето на снеговете и дъждове. </p><p>Реките и езерата се използват за водоснабдяване и транспорт. На някои реки са изградени язовири. По-големите са „Кама“ и „Воткинск“.<sup id="cite_ref-bse1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-brit_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Флора"><span id=".D0.A4.D0.BB.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Флора</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Редактиране на раздел: Флора" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Флора"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ландшафтите на Урал се променят, както в географската ширина, така и във вертикалната посока. Доминирани са от степи и лесостепи. Степите са предимно в южния и особено в югоизточните части. Ливадни степи са се развили в долните части на планинските склонове и са покрити с различни <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Детелина">детелини</a>, маргаритки, филипендула, ливадна трева и лисича опашка. Голяма част от земите се обработват. Придвижвайки се на юг, ливадните степи стават по-оскъдни, сухи и ниски. Стръмните чакълести склонове на планини и хълмове на източните склонове на Южен Урал са покрити предимно със скалисти степи. По поречията на реките расте <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Върба">върба</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Топола">топола</a> и карагана.<sup id="cite_ref-bse4_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Aurora_Near_Novy_Urengoy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Aurora_Near_Novy_Urengoy.jpg/220px-Aurora_Near_Novy_Urengoy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Aurora_Near_Novy_Urengoy.jpg/330px-Aurora_Near_Novy_Urengoy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Aurora_Near_Novy_Urengoy.jpg/440px-Aurora_Near_Novy_Urengoy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1181" /></a><figcaption> Аврора в Северен Урал</figcaption></figure> <p>Горите в Урал са разнообразни, особено в южната част. Западните райони са доминирани от иглолистните гори на тайгата, които на юг са смесени и широколистни. Южен Урал е най-разнообразен във видов състав: тук заедно с иглолистните гори има и други дървесни видове като <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лиственица">лиственица</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8A%D0%B1" title="Дъб">дъб</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Бреза">бреза</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Явор">клен</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82" title="Бряст">бряст</a>. В Северен Урал преобладават сибирските видове <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Ела">ела</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Кедър">кедър</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%87" title="Смърч">смърч</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Бор">бор</a>,а в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Урал (планина)">Полярен Урал</a> горите са много по-редки. Полярните гори са ниски и са примесени с <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Мочурища">мочурища</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B8" title="Лишеи">лишеи</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Торфено блато">блата</a> и храсти. Изобилни са <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D1%8A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Листнати мъхове">мъховете</a> и горските плодове (боровинка, морошка, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Черен емпетрум">черна боровинка</a> и др.).<sup id="cite_ref-bse5_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse5-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Фауна"><span id=".D0.A4.D0.B0.D1.83.D0.BD.D0.B0"></span>Фауна</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Редактиране на раздел: Фауна" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Фауна"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Уралските гори са обитавани от животни, характерни за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Сибир">Сибир</a>, като <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Лос">лос</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Кафява мечка">кафява мечка</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лисица">лисица</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%BA" title="Вълк">вълк</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0" title="Росомаха">росомаха</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Рис">рис</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Катерица">катерица</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80" title="Самур">самур</a> (само на север). В Южен Урал често могат да се видят <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Язовец">язовци</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Черен пор">черни порове</a>. Влечуги и земноводни живеят най-вече в Южен и Централен Урал. Техни представители са <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Усойница">обикновената усойница</a>, гущери и <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Водни змии">водни змии</a>. Птици са представени от <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Глухар">глухар</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Тетрев">тетрев</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Лещарка">лещарка</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Сокерица">сокерица</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Кукувица">кукувица</a> и др. </p><p>Степите на Южен Урал са доминирани от <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Зайци">зайци</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8" title="Гризачи">гризачи</a>. Има много грабливи птици, като <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Белошипа ветрушка">белошипа ветрушка</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="Мишелов">мишелов</a>. Бозайниците от Полярен Урал са характерни за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Тундра">тундрата</a> и включват <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лисица">лисици</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Северен елен">северни елени</a>. Птиците от тези райони включват <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Северен мишелов">северен мишелов</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Полярна сова">полярна сова</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Тундрова яребица">тундрова яребица</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Полярна сова">полярна сова</a> и др.<sup id="cite_ref-bse6_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-brit_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Астрономически_събития"><span id=".D0.90.D1.81.D1.82.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D1.81.D1.8A.D0.B1.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Астрономически събития</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Редактиране на раздел: Астрономически събития" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Астрономически събития"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2013_руско_метеорно_събитие"><span id="2013_.D1.80.D1.83.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.BE_.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BD.D0.BE_.D1.81.D1.8A.D0.B1.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.B5"></span>2013 руско метеорно събитие</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Редактиране на раздел: 2013 руско метеорно събитие" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: 2013 руско метеорно събитие"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Около 9:20 сутринта в петък, 15 февруари 2013 г., се случва астрономически инцидент, известен като <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Челябински метеоритен взрив">Челябински метеоритен взрив</a> от 2013 г. Огнен метеор, широк приблизително 16 m, с тегло около 10 000 тона и движещ се със скорост 48 000 km/h, гори в земната атмосфера над Уралските планини. Медиите съобщават, че ударната вълна на метеора е нанесла е била толкова мощна, че е разбила прозорци и срутила стени, повредила 4000 сгради и ранила 1491 души. От ранените хора 311 са деца, които по това време са били в училище. Цялостната щета от ударната вълна се оценява на $ 33 000 000. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="История"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>История</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Редактиране на раздел: История" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: История"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Първите хора се появяват в Урал в края на ранния палеолитен период (преди около 75 хиляди години). От късния палеолит (преди 35 – 40 хиляди години) също са открити няколко обекта, включително <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Капова пещера">пещерата Капова</a>. През неолитния период са се формирали племена, които са станали основата на уралската езикова общност и смесения (монголоиден, европоиден) антропологичен тип. Приблизително по същото време в Южен Урал се развиват земеделието и <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Животновъдство">животновъдството</a>. Производството на мед и бронз започва в началото на 2-то хилядолетие пр.н.е.,а производството на желязо е развито около VIII – VII век пр.н.е. <sup id="cite_ref-bse8_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse8-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Medezavodmiass.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Medezavodmiass.jpg/220px-Medezavodmiass.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Medezavodmiass.jpg/330px-Medezavodmiass.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Medezavodmiass.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="266" /></a><figcaption>Язовир в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Миас">Миас</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Около XIV век феодалната държава Голям Перм е създадена на запад до Северен Урал. Руснаците започват да се местят в Урал през XI век, най-вече от Новгородските области. Те се активизират около XIV век, когато в Северен Урал са създадени редица селища и се приписват на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Велики Новгород">Велики Новгород</a>. Собствеността им преминава в Московската държава през 1471 г., заедно със земи около река <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Кама (река)">Кама</a>. След поражението на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Казанско ханство">Казанското ханство</a> през 1552 г., руското влияние се разширява в по-голямата част от <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Башкортостан">Башкортостан</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Удмуртия">Удмуртия</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bse9_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse9-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:1910%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85-%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/1910%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85-%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg/220px-1910%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85-%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/1910%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85-%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg/330px-1910%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85-%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/1910%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85-%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg/440px-1910%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85-%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3336" data-file-height="2884" /></a><figcaption>Железарски завод Исет край <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Екатеринбург">Екатеринбург</a>, създаден през 1726 г. (снимка от 1910 г.).</figcaption></figure> <p>През XVII век Урал се населява от славяни, които донасят със себе си напреднала селскостопанска техника. Това променя начина на живот на района и потушава миналите въоръжени конфликти. Земеделие, основано на зърнени култури, дребна промишленост (дърво, кожа, грънчарство, ковачество и др.) и мрежа от пазарисе разпространява из целия Урал. Солната индустрия се развива в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Соликамск">Соликамск</a>. В същото време обаче започва националното и социално потисничество на коренното население на района, като <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Манси">манси</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Ханти">ханти</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Башкири">башкири</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bse10_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse10-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Orenburg_cossacks_with_camels.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Orenburg_cossacks_with_camels.jpg/220px-Orenburg_cossacks_with_camels.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Orenburg_cossacks_with_camels.jpg/330px-Orenburg_cossacks_with_camels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Orenburg_cossacks_with_camels.jpg/440px-Orenburg_cossacks_with_camels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1240" /></a><figcaption>Оренбургски казаци с камили, XIX век.</figcaption></figure> <p>През XVII век в Урал са открити богати и висококачествени минерални находища. Не се бавят и първите топилни предприятия за желязо и мед. Районът бива признат от руското правителство за стратегически източник на суровини. Повече от 60 фабрики са построени през първата половина на XVIII век и този брой се удвоява през 1750–1760-те години. Индустриалната активност намалява в началото на 19 век поради кризата на феодалната система в Русия и растежът се забавя във всички области, с изключение на добива на злато. Най-големите индустриални и търговски центрове бяха <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC" title="Перм">Перм</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Екатеринбург">Екатеринбург</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Оренбург">Оренбург</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Уфа">Уфа</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80" title="Кунгур">Кунгур</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Ирбит">Ирбит</a>. През 40-те години на XIX век започва редовното търговско корабоплаване по река Кама.<sup id="cite_ref-bse11_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse11-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Magnitogorsk_steel_production_facility_1930s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Magnitogorsk_steel_production_facility_1930s.jpg/220px-Magnitogorsk_steel_production_facility_1930s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Magnitogorsk_steel_production_facility_1930s.jpg/330px-Magnitogorsk_steel_production_facility_1930s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Magnitogorsk_steel_production_facility_1930s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Магнитогорски железарски и стоманодобивен завод през 1920 – 1930-те години.</figcaption></figure> <p>В резултат на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Премахване на крепостничеството">реформата на еманципацията от 1861</a> г. голяма част от уралските земеделци губят повече от половината си лични земи. Първите акционерни дружества се появяват на Урал през втората половина на XIX век, включително тези с чуждестранен капитал. Реконструирани са много стари железарии и са построени редица нови. Развитието се ускорява не само в традиционната златна и платинена промишленост, но и в добива на въглища и машиностроенето. Въпреки това, Урал губи статута си на основната металургична област в южната част на Русия. </p><p>В края на XIX век се наблюдава бърз растеж на уралските градове и на антикапиталистическите движения. Дългогодишната експлоатация на работниците във фабрикоте води до създаване на социалдемократични комитети, изискващи подобряване на условията на труд. Тези дейности достигат своя връх около периода на политическия колапс през 1910-те в Русия. довел до тежка индустриална криза, недостиг на гориво, смущения в транспорта, намаляване на земеделското производство и влошаване на условията на живот. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Октомврийска революция">Октомврийската революция</a> носи многобройни ползи за работниците, но бива последвана от годините на Граждански войни (1917 – 1919). Ситуацията се подобрява едва след 1920 г. През 1920 – 1921 г. промишленото производство е на нивото от 12%, както през 1913 г., но към 1925 – 1926 г. се възстановява до 93% и през 1937 г. достига 700%. През 1929 г. в басейна на река Кама е открит нефт и производството му започва през 1932 г. в Башкортостан. <sup id="cite_ref-bse12_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse12-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>По време на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Втора световна война">Втората световна война</a> (1941 – 1945) Урал се превръща в индустриален гръбнак на Русия, тъй като там са евакуирани най-важните промишлени предприятия от западна Русия, окупирана от германците. От лятото до зимата на 1941 г. 667 фабрики са преместени в Урал и до края на 1941 г. регионът представлява 62% от съветското производство на желязо. Промишленото производство на Урал се е увеличило 3 пъти през 1943 г. спрямо 1941 г., а военното производство се е увеличило 6 пъти. Три завода в Урал снабдяват 66% от съветските танкове и мобилни артилерийски части. <sup id="cite_ref-bse13_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bse13-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Етнически_състав"><span id=".D0.95.D1.82.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D1.81.D1.8A.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.B2"></span>Етнически състав</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Редактиране на раздел: Етнически състав" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Етнически състав"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Северният Урал е дом на хора, говорещи на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Уралски езици">уралски</a> език, като <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Удмурти">удмурти</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Марийци">марийци</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Коми (народ)">коми</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Манси">манси</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Ханти">ханти</a>. Коренното население на Полярния Урал се състои от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Ненци">ненци</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Самоедски народи">самоедски народи</a>, които са широко разпространени в Сибир и имат свои собствени езици. <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Башкири">Башкирите</a> формират най-голямата местна група в региона. Те живеят в Южен Урал и говорят език от тюркската група. Казахстанците са друга значителна национална част от Южен Урал. Много северни племена все още продължават традиционните си дейности, включително риболов, лов и животновъдство (основно на северни елени). Номадските хора на юг са отглеждали коне, но сега най-вече се занимават със земеделие, особено на пшеница, картофи, пъпеши и дини. По-голямата част от населението на Урал (около 80%) са руснаци, които са концентрирани най-вече в градовете.<sup id="cite_ref-brit_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Текущо_административно_деление_на_Урал"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.83.D1.89.D0.BE_.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.BC.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.B2.D0.BD.D0.BE_.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B5_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.A3.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BB"></span>Текущо административно деление на Урал</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Редактиране на раздел: Текущо административно деление на Урал" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Текущо административно деление на Урал"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" border="5"> <tbody><tr> <th>Поделение (главен град) </th> <th>Икономически регион <sup id="cite_ref-bseecon_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bseecon-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Федерален окръг <sup id="cite_ref-ukaz_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ukaz-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Башкортостан">Република Башкортостан</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Уфа">Уфа</a>) </td> <td>Урал </td> <td>Волга </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82" title="Челябинска област">Челябинска област</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Челябинск">Челябинск</a>) </td> <td>Урал </td> <td>Урал </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82" title="Курганска област">Курганска област</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Курган (град)">Курган</a>) </td> <td>Урал </td> <td>Урал </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82" title="Оренбургска област">Оренбургска област</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Оренбург">Оренбург</a>) </td> <td>Урал </td> <td>Волга </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Пермски край">Пермски край</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC" title="Перм">Перм</a>) </td> <td>Урал </td> <td>Волга </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82" title="Свердловска област">Свердловска област</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Екатеринбург">Екатеринбург</a>) </td> <td>Урал </td> <td>Урал </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82" title="Тюменска област">Тюменска област</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Тюмен">Тюмен</a>) </td> <td>Западен Сибир </td> <td>Урал </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B3_%E2%80%93_%D0%AE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Ханти-Мансийски автономен окръг – Югра">Ханти-Мансийски автономен окръг</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Ханти-Мансийск">Ханти-Мансийск</a>) </td> <td>Западен Сибир </td> <td>Урал </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B3" title="Ямало-Ненецки автономен окръг">Ямало-Ненецки автономен окръг</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Салехард">Салехард</a>) </td> <td>Западен Сибир </td> <td>Урал </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Удмуртия">Удмуртска република</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Ижевск">Ижевск</a>) </td> <td>Урал </td> <td>Волга </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Източници"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.86.D0.B8"></span>Източници</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Редактиране на раздел: Източници" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Източници"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ukaz-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ukaz_1-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ukaz_1-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://base.garant.ru/12119586/">Указ Президента РФ от 13 мая 2000 г. N 849 „О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе“ (Decree No 849 by the President of Russia on 13 May 2000)</a> //  <span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(<strong class="error">Грешка в записа: Неразпознат езиков код <code>russian</code></strong>)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bseecon-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-bseecon_2-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bseecon_2-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114394.html">Ural economic region</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(<strong class="error">Грешка в записа: Неразпознат езиков код <code>russian</code></strong>)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse7-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse7_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse2_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brit-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-brit_6-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brit_6-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brit_6-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brit_6-3"><sup><i><b>г</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/619028/Ural-Mountains">Ural Mountains</a>, Encyclopædia Britannica on-line</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse3-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse3_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse1_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse4-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse4_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse5-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse5_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse6-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse6_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse8-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse8_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse9-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse9_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse10-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse10_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse11-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse11_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse12-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse12_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bse13-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bse13_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGreat_Soviet_Encyclopedia" class="book" style="font-style:normal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse.sci-lib.com/article114360.html">Ural (geographical)</a> //   Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Посетен на 18 June 2020.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на руски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Взето от „<a dir="ltr" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Урал_(регион)&oldid=11859712">https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Урал_(регион)&oldid=11859712</a>“.</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Специални:Категории">Категории</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Категория:Исторически области в Европа">Исторически области в Европа</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Категория:Исторически области в Азия">Исторически области в Азия</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B3" title="Категория:Уралски федерален окръг">Уралски федерален окръг</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Категория:География на Казахстан">География на Казахстан</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Категория:География на Русия">География на Русия</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Последната промяна на страницата е извършена на 14 юли 2023 г. в 12:29 ч.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текстът е достъпен под лиценза <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.bg">Creative Commons Признание-Споделяне на споделеното</a>; може да са приложени допълнителни условия. 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