CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="az" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Abak — Vikipediya</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )azwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","yanvar","fevral","mart","aprel","may","iyun","iyul","avqust","sentyabr","oktyabr","noyabr","dekabr"],"wgRequestId":"2e3d99d9-f7d8-421c-8fbe-4b265dad29fd","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Abak","wgTitle":"Abak","wgCurRevisionId":7606361,"wgRevisionId":7606361,"wgArticleId":33385,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Mexaniki hesab maşınları"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"az","wgPageContentLanguage":"az","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Abak","wgRelevantArticleId":33385,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"az","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"az"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":2000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q12806","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.21"}; RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.common-site":"ready","ext.gadget.darkModeFixes":"ready","ext.gadget.logo":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.directLinkToCommons","ext.gadget.referenceTooltips","ext.gadget.sidebarRelated","ext.gadget.metaBox","ext.gadget.adminsStats","ext.gadget.EditToolbar","ext.gadget.EditToolbar-menu-page_elements","ext.gadget.EditToolbar_infobox_person","ext.gadget.EditToolbar_discussion","ext.gadget.EditToolbar_references","ext.gadget.markadmins","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=az&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=az&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=az&modules=ext.gadget.common-site%2CdarkModeFixes%2Clogo&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=az&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.23"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/RomanAbacusRecon.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="956"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/RomanAbacusRecon.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="637"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="510"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Abak — Vikipediya"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//az.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abak"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Redaktə" href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Vikipediya (az)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//az.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abak"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.az"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Vikipediya — Atom-lent" href="/w/index.php?title=X%C3%BCsusi:SonD%C9%99yi%C5%9Fiklikl%C9%99r&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="auth.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Abak rootpage-Abak skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Məzmuna keç</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sayt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Əsas menyu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Əsas menyu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Əsas menyu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Əsas menyu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">yan panelə köçür</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">gizlə</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Naviqasiya </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ana_s%C9%99hif%C9%99" title="Ana səhifəni ziyarət edin [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Ana səhifə</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:K%C9%99nd_meydan%C4%B1" title="Layihə haqqında, nələr edəbilərsiniz, axtardıqlarınızı harda tapmaq olar"><span>Kənd meydanı</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:%C4%B0cma_portal%C4%B1" title="Gündəlik xəbərlər ilə əlaqəli məlumatlar"><span>İcma portalı</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/X%C3%BCsusi:SonD%C9%99yi%C5%9Fiklikl%C9%99r" title="Vikidəki son dəyişikliklər siyahısı [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Son dəyişikliklər</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/X%C3%BCsusi:T%C9%99sad%C3%BCfi" title="Təsadüfi məqaləyə keç [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Təsadüfi məqalə</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/X%C3%BCsusi:X%C3%BCsusiS%C9%99hif%C9%99l%C9%99r"><span>Xüsusi səhifələr</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Layihələr" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Layihələr" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Layihələr </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Seçilmiş-məqalələr" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:Se%C3%A7ilmi%C5%9F_m%C9%99qal%C9%99l%C9%99r"><span>Seçilmiş məqalələr</span></a></li><li id="n-Seçilmiş-siyahılar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:Se%C3%A7ilmi%C5%9F_siyah%C4%B1lar"><span>Seçilmiş siyahılar</span></a></li><li id="n-Yaxşı-məqalələr" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:Yax%C5%9F%C4%B1_m%C9%99qal%C9%99l%C9%99r"><span>Yaxşı məqalələr</span></a></li><li id="n-Məqalə-namizədləri" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:M%C9%99qal%C9%99_namiz%C9%99dl%C9%99ri"><span>Məqalə namizədləri</span></a></li><li id="n-Mövzulu-ay" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:M%C3%B6vzulu_ay"><span>Mövzulu ay</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Xüsusi" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Xüsusi" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Xüsusi </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:Biziml%C9%99_%C9%99laq%C9%99"><span>Bizimlə əlaqə</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6m%C9%99k:M%C3%BCnd%C9%99ricat" title="Yardım almaq üçün."><span>Kömək</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Ana_s%C9%99hif%C9%99" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Vikipediya" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-az.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-az.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/X%C3%BCsusi:Axtar" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Vikipediya saytında axtar [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Axtar</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Vikipediyada axtar" aria-label="Vikipediyada axtar" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Vikipediya saytında axtar [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Xüsusi:Axtar"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Axtar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Şəxsi alətlər"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüş"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Səhifənin şrift ölçüsünün, eninin və rənginin görünüşünü dəyişdirin" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Görünüş" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Görünüş</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=az.wikipedia.org&uselang=az" class=""><span>İanə et</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=X%C3%BCsusi:HesabYarat&returnto=Abak" title="Hesab yaratmaq və daxil olmaq üçün təşviq olunursunuz; Ancaq məcburi deyil" class=""><span>Hesab yarat</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=X%C3%BCsusi:DaxilOl&returnto=Abak" title="Daxil olmanız tövsiyə olunur, amma bu məcburi tələb deyil. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Daxil ol</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Daha çox seçim" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Şəxsi alətlər" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Şəxsi alətlər</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="İstifadəçi menyusu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=az.wikipedia.org&uselang=az"><span>İanə et</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=X%C3%BCsusi:HesabYarat&returnto=Abak" title="Hesab yaratmaq və daxil olmaq üçün təşviq olunursunuz; Ancaq məcburi deyil"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hesab yarat</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=X%C3%BCsusi:DaxilOl&returnto=Abak" title="Daxil olmanız tövsiyə olunur, amma bu məcburi tələb deyil. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Daxil ol</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çıxış etmiş redaktorlar üçün səhifələr <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6m%C9%99k:Giri%C5%9F" aria-label="Redaktə haqqında ətraflı məlumat əldə edin"><span>daha ətraflı</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/X%C3%BCsusi:T%C3%B6hf%C9%99l%C9%99rim" title="Bu IP ünvanından edilən redaktələrin siyahısı [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Töhfələr</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/X%C3%BCsusi:M%C3%BCzakir%C9%99S%C9%99hif%C9%99m" title="Bu IP ünvanından edilmiş müzakirələr [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Müzakirə</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Ebağla\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ddd; margin: 0 0 3px;\"\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"nomobile\" style=\"float:right\"\u003E\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_CEE_Spring_2025\" title=\"m:Wikimedia CEE Spring 2025\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Logo_original-t.png/171px-Logo_original-t.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"171\" height=\"95\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Logo_original-t.png/258px-Logo_original-t.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Logo_original-t.png/342px-Logo_original-t.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1800\" data-file-height=\"1000\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"color: grey; max-width:1280px; margin: 12px auto; font-family: Tahoma, \u0026#39;DejaVu Sans Condensed\u0026#39;, sans-serif; text-align: center; font-size: 16pt; position: relative;\"\u003EMartın 21-dən mayın 31-dək Mərkəzi və Şərqi Avropa icmalarına qoşulun və \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Vikipediya:M%C3%B6vzulu_ay/VikiBahar_2025\" title=\"Vikipediya:Mövzulu ay/VikiBahar 2025\"\u003EVikiBahar 2025\u003C/a\u003E məqalə müsabiqəsində iştirak edin.\u003Cbr /\u003EMəqalələr yazın və hədiyyələr qazanın!\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"clear: both;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sayt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Mündəricat" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mündəricat</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">yan panelə köçür</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizlə</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tarixi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tarixi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tarixi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tarixi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-İstinadlar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#İstinadlar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>İstinadlar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-İstinadlar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mündəricat" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Mündəricat" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mündəricatı göstər/gizlət" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mündəricatı göstər/gizlət</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Abak</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başqa dildəki məqaləyə keçin. 109 dildə mövcuddur." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-109" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">109 dildə</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus" title="Abakus – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Abakus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abaco" title="Abaco – araqon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Abaco" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="araqon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="معداد – ərəb" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معداد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="ərəb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9B" title="এবাকাছ – assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="এবাকাছ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81bacu" title="Ábacu – asturiya" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ábacu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakhu%C3%B1a" title="Jakhuña – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Jakhuña" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A4%D8%B1%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%87" title="چؤرتکه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="چؤرتکه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus" title="Abakus – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Abakus" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Абак – belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Абак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Абак – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Абак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA_(%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE)" title="Абак (сметало) – bolqar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Абак (сметало)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolqar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus" title="Abakus – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Abakus" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="অ্যাবাকাস – benqal" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যাবাকাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="benqal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus_(ra%C4%8Dunaljka)" title="Abakus (računaljka) – bosniya" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Abakus (računaljka)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Сампин – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Сампин" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80bac" title="Àbac – katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àbac" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1ung-bu%C3%A0ng" title="Sáung-buàng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sáung-buàng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C4%8D%C3%ADtadlo" title="Počítadlo – çex" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Počítadlo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="çex" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Абак – çuvaş" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Абак" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="çuvaş" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacws" title="Abacws – uels" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Abacws" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="uels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacus_(regnemaskine)" title="Abacus (regnemaskine) – danimarka" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Abacus (regnemaskine)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danimarka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus_(Rechenhilfsmittel)" title="Abakus (Rechenhilfsmittel) – alman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abakus (Rechenhilfsmittel)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%B2%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Άβακας – yunan" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άβακας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="yunan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacus" title="Abacus – ingilis" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Abacus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingilis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abako_(me%C4%A5anika_kalkulilo)" title="Abako (meĥanika kalkulilo) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Abako (meĥanika kalkulilo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81baco" title="Ábaco – ispan" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ábaco" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus" title="Abakus – eston" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Abakus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="eston" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abako" title="Abako – bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Abako" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%B1%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%87" title="چرتکه – fars" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چرتکه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="fars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmitaulu" title="Helmitaulu – fin" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Helmitaulu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abaque_(calcul)" title="Abaque (calcul) – fransız" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Abaque (calcul)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransız" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacas" title="Abacas – irland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Abacas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AE%97%E7%9B%A4" title="算盤 – qan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="算盤" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="qan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouly%C3%A9" title="Boulyé – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Boulyé" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81baco" title="Ábaco – qalisiya" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ábaco" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="qalisiya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DB%8A%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="چۊرتيکا – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="چۊرتيکا" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A3%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%98%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%80" title="મણકાઘોડી – qucarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મણકાઘોડી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="qucarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94" title="חשבונייה – ivrit" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חשבונייה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="गिनतारा – hind" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गिनतारा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hind" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abak" title="Abak – xorvat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Abak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="xorvat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakusz" title="Abakusz – macar" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Abakusz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="macar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%AF_(%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF)" title="Աբակ (տախտակ) – erməni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աբակ (տախտակ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="erməni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abaco" title="Abaco – interlinqua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Abaco" data-language-autonym="İnterlingua" data-language-local-name="interlinqua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İnterlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swipoa" title="Swipoa – indoneziya" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Swipoa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abako" title="Abako – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Abako" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talnagrind" title="Talnagrind – island" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Talnagrind" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="island" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abaco" title="Abaco – italyan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Abaco" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="italyan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%90%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B9" title="アバカス – yapon" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アバカス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="yapon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakos" title="Abakos – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Abakos" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpoa" title="Simpoa – yava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Simpoa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="yava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="აბაკი – gürcü" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აბაკი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gürcü" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus" title="Abakus – qaraqalpaq" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Abakus" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="qaraqalpaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacus" title="Abacus – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Abacus" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Абак – qazax" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Абак" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="qazax" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%81" title="ក្បាច់គិតលេខ – kxmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ក្បាច់គិតលេខ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="kxmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಅಬ್ಯಾಕಸ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಬ್ಯಾಕಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%ED%8C%90" title="주판 – koreya" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="주판" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%90%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%95" title="گِنتارٕ – kəşmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="گِنتارٕ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kəşmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Абак (математика) – qırğız" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Абак (математика)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="qırğız" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacus" title="Abacus – latın" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Abacus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latın" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abaco" title="Abaco – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Abaco" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A8lraam" title="Tèlraam – limburq" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Tèlraam" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%94" title="ລູກຄິດ – laos" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ລູກຄິດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakas" title="Abakas – litva" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Abakas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skait%C4%ABk%C4%BCi" title="Skaitīkļi – latış" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Skaitīkļi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latış" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Сметалка – makedon" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сметалка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82" title="മണിച്ചട്ടം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മണിച്ചട്ടം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Сампин – monqol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сампин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="monqol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sempoa" title="Sempoa – malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sempoa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81baco" title="Ábaco – mirand" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ábaco" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8" title="अबाकस – nepal" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अबाकस" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacus_(rekentuig)" title="Abacus (rekentuig) – holland" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Abacus (rekentuig)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuleramme" title="Kuleramme – nünorsk norveç" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kuleramme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nünorsk norveç" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus_(kuleramme)" title="Abakus (kuleramme) – bokmal norveç" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Abakus (kuleramme)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmal norveç" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8" title="ਅਬੈਕਸ – pəncab" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਬੈਕਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pəncab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus_(liczyd%C5%82o)" title="Abakus (liczydło) – polyak" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Abakus (liczydło)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80baco" title="Àbaco – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Àbaco" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="گنتارا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گنتارا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81baco" title="Ábaco – portuqal" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ábaco" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuqal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abac" title="Abac – rumın" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Abac" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumın" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Абак – rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Абак" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80bbacu_(c%C3%A0rculu)" title="Àbbacu (càrculu) – siciliya" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Àbbacu (càrculu)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%AA%D8%B3" title="آباڪس – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آباڪس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus_(ra%C4%8Dunanje)" title="Abakus (računanje) – serb-xorvat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Abakus (računanje)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serb-xorvat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacus" title="Abacus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Abacus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus_(po%C4%8D%C3%ADtacia_tabu%C4%BEka)" title="Abakus (počítacia tabuľka) – slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Abakus (počítacia tabuľka)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abak" title="Abak – sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Abak" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakusi" title="Abakusi – alban" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Abakusi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="alban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81" title="Абакус – serb" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Абакус" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sipoah" title="Sipoah – sundan" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sipoah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus" title="Abakus – isveç" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Abakus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="isveç" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakasi" title="Abakasi – suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Abakasi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="எண்சட்டம் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எண்சட்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="అబాకస్ – teluqu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అబాకస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="teluqu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Абак – tacik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Абак" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tacik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94" title="ลูกคิด – tay" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลูกคิด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abakus" title="Abakus – taqaloq" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Abakus" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="taqaloq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abak%C3%BCs" title="Abaküs – türk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Abaküs" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="türk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8F)" title="Абак (рахівниця) – ukrayna" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Абак (рахівниця)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrayna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="گنتارا – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گنتارا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abak" title="Abak – özbək" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Abak" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="özbək" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A0n_t%C3%ADnh" title="Bàn tính – vyetnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bàn tính" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vyetnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacus" title="Abacus – varay" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Abacus" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AE%97%E7%9B%98" title="算盘 – vu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="算盘" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-abacus" title="I-abacus – xosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="I-abacus" data-language-autonym="İsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AE%97%E7%9B%98" title="算盘 – çin" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="算盘" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="çin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AE%97%E7%9B%A4" title="算盤 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="算盤" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C7%B9g-p%C3%B4a%E2%81%BF" title="Sǹg-pôaⁿ – Min Nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sǹg-pôaⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AE%97%E7%9B%A4" title="算盤 – kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="算盤" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12806#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillərarası keçidləri redaktə et" class="wbc-editpage">Keçidləri redaktə et</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad fəzaları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Abak" title="Məqalənin məzmununu göstər [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Məqalə</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCzakir%C9%99:Abak&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Səhifə barədə müzakirə (səhifə mövcud deyil) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Müzakirə</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dil variantını dəyişdirin" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">azərbaycanca</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Görünüş"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Abak"><span>Oxu</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&veaction=edit" title="Bu səhifəni redaktə et [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redaktə</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&action=edit" title="Səhifənin vikimətnini redaktə et [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Vikimətni redaktə et</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&action=history" title="Bu səhifənin keçmiş nüsxələri. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Tarixçəyə bax</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Səhifə alətləri"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alətlər" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alətlər</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Alətlər</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">yan panelə köçür</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">gizlə</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Daha çox seçim" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Fəaliyyətlər </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Abak"><span>Oxu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&veaction=edit" title="Bu səhifəni redaktə et [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redaktə</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&action=edit" title="Səhifənin vikimətnini redaktə et [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Vikimətni redaktə et</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&action=history"><span>Tarixçəyə bax</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ümumi </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/X%C3%BCsusi:S%C9%99hif%C9%99y%C9%99Ke%C3%A7idl%C9%99r/Abak" title="Vikidə bu məqaləyə bağlantılar [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Səhifəyə keçidlər</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/X%C3%BCsusi:%C6%8Flaq%C9%99liD%C9%99yi%C5%9Fiklikl%C9%99r/Abak" rel="nofollow" title="Bu məqaləyə aid başqa səhifələrdə yeni dəyişikliklər [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Əlaqəli redaktələr</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipediya:Yükləmə_sehrbazı" title="Yeni şəkil və ya multimedia faylı yüklə [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Fayl yüklə</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&oldid=7606361" title="Bu səhifənin bu versiyasına daimi keçid"><span>Daimi keçid</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&action=info" title="Bu səhifə haqqında ətraflı məlumat"><span>Səhifə məlumatları</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=X%C3%BCsusi:CiteThisPage&page=Abak&id=7606361&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Bu səhifəyə necə istinad etmək barədə məlumat"><span>Bu səhifəyə istinad et</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=X%C3%BCsusi:UrlQ%C4%B1sald%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1&url=https%3A%2F%2Faz.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAbak"><span>Qısaldılmış URL əldə et</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=X%C3%BCsusi:QrKodu&url=https%3A%2F%2Faz.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAbak"><span>QR-kodu endir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çap et/ixrac </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=X%C3%BCsusi:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Abak"><span>Kitab yarat</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=X%C3%BCsusi:PdfOlaraqY%C3%BCkl%C9%99&page=Abak&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF kimi yüklə</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&printable=yes" title="Səhifənin çap versiyası [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Çap versiyası</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Digər layihələrdə </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Abacus" hreflang="en"><span>Vikianbar</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12806" title="Bağlanan məlumatların saxlanması elementinə keçid [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikidata elementi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Səhifə alətləri"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüş"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Görünüş</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">yan panelə köçür</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gizlə</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipediya, azad ensiklopediya</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="az" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:RomanAbacusRecon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/RomanAbacusRecon.jpg/250px-RomanAbacusRecon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/RomanAbacusRecon.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="239" /></a><figcaption>Qədim Roma abakı.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Abak</b> (<a href="/wiki/Lat%C4%B1n_dili" title="Latın dili"><i>lat.</i></a> <span lang="la" style="font-style: italic">abacus</span> – hesab taxtası) — b.e.ə. IV əsrdən başlayaraq <a href="/wiki/Q%C9%99dim_Yunan%C4%B1stan" title="Qədim Yunanıstan">Qədim Yunanıstanda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Q%C9%99dim_Roma" title="Qədim Roma">Romada</a> və 18 əsrədək <a href="/wiki/Q%C9%99rbi_Avropa" title="Qərbi Avropa">Qərbi Avropada</a> hesablama üçün işlədilmiş lövhə. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tarixi">Tarixi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Tarixi bölməsini redaktə et" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktə</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&action=edit&section=1" title="Bölmənin mənbə kodunu redaktə et: Tarixi"><span>vikimətni redaktə et</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lövhə zolaqlara bölünürdü. Bu zolaqlardakı markaları (sümük, daş və s.) hərəkət etdirməklə hesablama aparılırdı. <a href="/wiki/Az%C9%99rbaycan" title="Azərbaycan">Azərbaycanda</a> abak – hesab taxtası kimi tanınır. <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in" title="Çin">Çində</a> abaka suan-pan deyirlər. Bu abak quruluşuna görə rus abakından fərqlənir. Onun hər milində 7 aşıq vardır və bu aşıqlar boyuna sədlə iki hissəyə ayrılır. Hissələrin birində 5, digərində isə 2 aşıq vardır. Yaponlar isə abaka soraban deyirlər. Onlarda hər mil 6 aşıqdan ibarətdir. Mildəki aşıqlar bir-birindən sədlə iki yerə ayrılır. Bu isə onu göstərir ki,Çində və Yaponiyada istifadə olunan abaklar 5-lik say sistemi əsasında yaradılmışdır. Abakdan hesablama aləti kimi hindlilər, ərəblər, romalılar və onlara tabe olan ölkələrdə istifadə olunmuşdur. X əsrdə yaşayan İspaniyada, məşhur Avropa riyaziyyatçısı və fransız rahibi Qerbert (940-1003) abakda hesablama ilə tanış olmuş, bu haqda kitab (980-981) yazmış və onu həm özü, həm də tələbələri vasitəsilə təbliğ etmişdir. Abak Avropaya da Qerbertin və onun tələbələrinin çoxlu əməyi sahəsində yayılmışdır.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="İstinadlar"><span id=".C4.B0stinadlar"></span>İstinadlar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&veaction=edit&section=2" title="İstinadlar bölməsini redaktə et" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktə</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abak&action=edit&section=2" title="Bölmənin mənbə kodunu redaktə et: İstinadlar"><span>vikimətni redaktə et</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6982878">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFАзәрбајҹан_Совет_Енсиклопедијасы1976" class="citation book"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4925992">.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}@media(hover:none){.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText:not(.rt-commentedText){border-bottom:0;cursor:auto}}</style><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" style="border-bottom: 0;" title="Abak">Абак</span> // <a href="/wiki/Az%C9%99rbaycan_Sovet_Ensiklopediyas%C4%B1" title="Azərbaycan Sovet Ensiklopediyası">Азәрбајҹан Совет Енсиклопедијасы</a>: <bdi>[<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4925992" /><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" style="border-bottom: 0;" title="10 cilddə"><span class="nowrap">10 ҹилддә</span></span>]</bdi>. I <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4925992" /><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" style="border-bottom: 0;" title="cild">ҹилд</span>: А—<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4925992" /><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" style="border-bottom: 0;" title="Balzak">Балзак</span>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4925992" /><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" style="border-bottom: 0;" title="Bakı">Бакы</span>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4925992" /><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" style="border-bottom: 0;" title="Azərbaycan Sovet Ensiklopediyasının Baş Redaksiyası">Азәрбајҹан Совет Енсиклопедијасынын Баш Редаксијасы</span>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4925992" /><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" style="border-bottom: 0;" title="baş redaktor">Баш редактор</span>: <a href="/wiki/C%C9%99mil_Quliyev_(tarix%C3%A7i)" title="Cəmil Quliyev (tarixçi)"><span class="nowrap">Ҹ. Б. Гулијев</span></a>. 1976. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4925992" /><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" style="border-bottom: 0;" title="səhifə">С.</span> 10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%7F%27%22%60UNIQ--templatestyles-00000006-QINU%60%22%27%7F%3Cspan+class%3D%22ts-comment-commentedText%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+0%3B%22+title%3D%22Abak%22%3E%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.btitle=%D0%90%D0%B7%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%98%D2%B9%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%3A+%5B%7F%27%22%60UNIQ--templatestyles-00000004-QINU%60%22%27%7F%3Cspan+class%3D%22ts-comment-commentedText%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+0%3B%22+title%3D%2210+cildd%C9%99%22%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E10+%D2%B9%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B4%D3%99%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%5D&rft.place=%7F%27%22%60UNIQ--templatestyles-00000008-QINU%60%22%27%7F%3Cspan+class%3D%22ts-comment-commentedText%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+0%3B%22+title%3D%22Bak%C4%B1%22%3E%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8B%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.pages=%7F%27%22%60UNIQ--templatestyles-0000000C-QINU%60%22%27%7F%3Cspan+class%3D%22ts-comment-commentedText%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+0%3B%22+title%3D%22s%C9%99hif%C9%99%22%3E%D0%A1.%3C%2Fspan%3E+10&rft.pub=%7F%27%22%60UNIQ--templatestyles-00000009-QINU%60%22%27%7F%3Cspan+class%3D%22ts-comment-commentedText%22+style%3D%22border-bottom%3A+0%3B%22+title%3D%22Az%C9%99rbaycan+Sovet+Ensiklopediyas%C4%B1n%C4%B1n+Ba%C5%9F+Redaksiyas%C4%B1%22%3E%D0%90%D0%B7%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%98%D2%B9%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BD+%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.date=1976&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faz.wikipedia.org%3AAbak" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8062477">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Mənbə — "<a dir="ltr" href="https://az.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abak&oldid=7606361">https://az.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abak&oldid=7606361</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/X%C3%BCsusi:Kateqoriyalar" title="Xüsusi:Kateqoriyalar">Kateqoriya</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kateqoriya:Mexaniki_hesab_ma%C5%9F%C4%B1nlar%C4%B1" title="Kateqoriya:Mexaniki hesab maşınları">Mexaniki hesab maşınları</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Bu səhifə sonuncu dəfə 13:54, 4 may 2024 tarixində redaktə edilib.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Mətn <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.az">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike lisenziyası</a> altındadır, bəzi hallarda əlavə şərtlər tətbiq oluna bilər. Ətraflı məlumat üçün <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">istifadə şərtlərinə</a> baxın.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Gizlilik siyasəti</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:Haqq%C4%B1nda">Vikipediya haqqında</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:M%C9%99suliyy%C9%99td%C9%99n_imtina">Məsuliyyətdən imtina</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Davranış Kodeksi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Tərtibatçılar</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/az.wikipedia.org">Statistikalar</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Kuki məlumatı</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//az.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abak&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobil versiya</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Axtar</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Vikipediyada axtar"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Xüsusi:Axtar"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Axtar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Mündəricat" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mündəricatı göstər/gizlət" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mündəricatı göstər/gizlət</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Abak</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>109 dildə</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Mövzu əlavə et</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-bd4b75b84-pl7gb","wgBackendResponseTime":102,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.174","walltime":"0.246","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1475,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":15985,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1099,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":25,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":8932,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 201.325 1 -total"," 95.56% 192.383 1 Şablon:İstinad_siyahısı"," 86.60% 174.341 1 Şablon:ASE"," 84.14% 169.395 1 Şablon:Cite_book"," 26.47% 53.294 1 Şablon:Ki"," 26.38% 53.118 3 Şablon:Str_trim"," 21.26% 42.798 7 Şablon:Mi"," 17.99% 36.218 2 Şablon:Multireplace"," 17.18% 34.597 1 Şablon:Kiril_qrafikasına"," 15.46% 31.123 8 Şablon:Replace"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.061","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":2466847,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.eqiad.main-946b6759d-chmxw","timestamp":"20250324145858","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Abak","url":"https:\/\/az.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abak","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q12806","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q12806","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vikimedia layih\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 t\u00f6hf\u0259 ver\u0259nl\u0259r"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-07-23T18:15:03Z","dateModified":"2024-05-04T13:54:56Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b5\/RomanAbacusRecon.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>