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<div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ndịna</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">Ga na nootu akụkụ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">zoo</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Mmalite</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Edensibia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edensibia"> <div 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><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ịgụ na ide nke mgbasa ozi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 42 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">42 asụsụ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="تربية إعلامية – Arabiikị" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تربية إعلامية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabiikị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_savadl%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Media savadlılığı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Media savadlılığı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Медыяадукацыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Медыяадукацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Медийна грамотност – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Медийна грамотност" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetitzaci%C3%B3_medi%C3%A0tica" title="Alfabetització mediàtica – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alfabetització mediàtica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medi%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_gramotnost" title="Mediální gramotnost – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mediální gramotnost" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medienkompetenz" title="Medienkompetenz – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Medienkompetenz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%AD%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Γραμματισμός στα Μέσα – Grik" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γραμματισμός στα Μέσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_literacy" title="Media literacy – Bekee" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Media literacy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Bekee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edukado_al_amaskomunikilaro_kaj_informado" title="Edukado al amaskomunikilaro kaj informado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Edukado al amaskomunikilaro kaj informado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educaci%C3%B3n_medi%C3%A1tica" title="Educación mediática – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Educación mediática" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meediakirjaoskus" title="Meediakirjaoskus – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Meediakirjaoskus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="سواد رسانه‌ای – Asụsụ Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سواد رسانه‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Asụsụ Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medialukutaito" title="Medialukutaito – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Medialukutaito" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89ducation_aux_m%C3%A9dias" title="Éducation aux médias – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Éducation aux médias" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94" title="אוריינות מדיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוריינות מדיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="मिडिया साक्षरता – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मिडिया साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medijska_pismenost" title="Medijska pismenost – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Medijska pismenost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Մեդիագրագիտություն – Armenianị" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մեդիագրագիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenianị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literasi_media" title="Literasi media – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Literasi media" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educazione_ai_media" title="Educazione ai media – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Educazione ai media" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AA%E3%83%86%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B7%E3%83%BC" title="メディア・リテラシー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メディア・リテラシー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%92%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="მედიაწიგნიერება – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მედიაწიგნიერება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EB%94%94%EC%96%B4_%EB%A6%AC%ED%84%B0%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C" title="미디어 리터러시 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미디어 리터러시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medij%C5%B3_ra%C5%A1tingumas" title="Medijų raštingumas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Medijų raštingumas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medijprat%C4%ABba" title="Medijpratība – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Medijpratība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%AE_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4" title="മാധ്യമ സാക്ഷരത – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാധ്യമ സാക്ഷരത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media-educatie" title="Media-educatie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Media-educatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edukacja_medialna" title="Edukacja medialna – Asụsụ Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Edukacja medialna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Asụsụ Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o_midi%C3%A1tica" title="Alfabetização midiática – Pọrtụgụese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alfabetização midiática" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Pọrtụgụese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educa%C8%9Bie_mediatic%C4%83" title="Educație mediatică – Asụsụ Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Educație mediatică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Asụsụ Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Медиаобразование – Asụsụ Russia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Медиаобразование" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Asụsụ Russia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medi%C3%A1lna_v%C3%BDchova" title="Mediálna výchova – Asụsụ Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mediálna výchova" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Asụsụ Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medijska_pismenost" title="Medijska pismenost – Asụsụ Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Medijska pismenost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Asụsụ Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medijska_pismenost" title="Medijska pismenost – Asụsụ Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Medijska pismenost" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Asụsụ Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literasi_media" title="Literasi media – Asụsụ Sundan" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Literasi media" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Asụsụ Sundan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medie-_och_informationskunnighet" title="Medie- och informationskunnighet – Sụwidiishi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Medie- och informationskunnighet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sụwidiishi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="ஊடக அறிவுத்திறன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஊடக அறிவுத்திறன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medya_okuryazarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Medya okuryazarlığı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Medya okuryazarlığı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Медіаосвіта – Asụsụ Ukrain" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Медіаосвіта" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Asụsụ Ukrain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%E1%BA%BFn_th%E1%BB%A9c_truy%E1%BB%81n_th%C3%B4ng" title="Kiến thức truyền thông – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kiến thức truyền thông" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E7%B4%A0%E9%A4%8A" title="媒體素養 – Chaịniiz" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="媒體素養" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chaịniiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1507246#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dezie njiko asusu ndi yiri nụ" class="wbc-editpage">Dezie njikọ ndi a</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ohereaha"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ig" dir="ltr"><p><b>Ịgụ na ide nke mgbasa ozi</b> , na nchọnwa nke egwu mmekọrịta n'ahụmatịkọ ya, n'aka agaghị adịghị ihe na ume n'ihi ịka gị. </p><p>"Na-egbu mmetụta n'ime ihe dịka n'agbanwe, n'ime umu n'ahụmatịkọ ya ji dịka mmetụta n'ime ihe dịka n'agbanwe. site na iji ike nke ozi na nkwurịta okwu mee ihe dị iche n'ụwa. <sup id="cite_ref-:3_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Mmụta mgbasa ozi anaghị ejedebe n'otu usoro mgbasa ozi ma ghọta ya dị ka usoro ikike dị mkpa maka ọrụ, ndụ, na nwa amaala. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Mmụta agụmakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi bụ usoro eji eme ka ikike agụmakwụkwọ nke mgbasa ozi dị elu, a na-ezube ịkwalite mmata banyere mmetụta mgbasa ozi ma mepụta nguzo siri ike maka ma na-eri ma na-emepụta mgbasa ozi. <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Mmụta mgbasa ozi bụ akụkụ nke usoro mmụta na United States na ụfọdụ mba European Union, na otu ndị ọkà mmụta mgbasa ozi na ndị nkụzi na-etinye aka na ihe ọmụma na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọkà mmụta na ndị ọkachamara na ndị otu mba.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fa%E1%BB%8Bl%E1%BB%A5:Media_and_Information_literacy.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Media_and_Information_literacy.pdf/page1-220px-Media_and_Information_literacy.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Media_and_Information_literacy.pdf/page1-330px-Media_and_Information_literacy.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Media_and_Information_literacy.pdf/page1-440px-Media_and_Information_literacy.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="1427" /></a><figcaption>Ọzụzụ Mgbasa Ozi</figcaption></figure> <p>N'ime ube na-egbu n'ihi n'ahụmatịkọ ya, n'aka agaghị adịghị mmetụta n'ime n'ihi ịka gị na-agha anya. Ọ bụ mmetụta n'ime n'ihi n'ọrụ n'ime ịka, n'ime ọ dbanyere ihe ha na-ekiri, na-anụ, ma na-agụ. Mmụta mgbasa ozi na-agafe ederede ọdịnala na-enweghị akwụkwọ ma na-aga n'inyocha ihe ndị ọzọ dị n'oge a. Ihe atụ ụfọdụ nke ịgụ na ide nke mgbasa ozi gụnyere, mana ọ bụghị nanị na telivishọn, egwuregwu vidio, foto, na ozi ọdịyo. Mmụta mgbasa ozi na-enye ngwaọrụ iji nyere ndị mmadụ aka ịzụlite ikike mgbasa ozi na'ụzọ dị egwu iji nyochaa ozi, na-enye ohere maka ndị na-amụ ọrụ ịgbasawanye ahụmịhe mgbasa ozi ha, ma na-enyere ha aka ịzụlite ike mgbasa ozi na ịbawanye nkà okike n'ime ozi mgbasa ozi nke ha. <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Nnyocha nkatọ nwere ike ịgụnye ịchọpụta onye edemede, ebumnuche na echiche, nyochaa usoro iwu na ụdị, nyochaa ụkpụrụ nke nnọchiteanya mgbasa ozi, na ịchọpụta mgbasa ozi, nyocha, na ajọ mbunobi na mmemme akụkọ na mmekọrịta ọha na eze (na ihe kpatara ndị a). Mmụta Mgbasa ozi nwere ike ịchọpụta etu atụmatụ nhazi - dị ka onye nwe mgbasa ozi, ma ọ bụ ụdị ego ya - si emetụta ozi e gosipụtara.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> "N'obere nke n'ahụmatịkọ ya, mmetụta n'ihi n'ahụmatịkọ ya kpara nke n'ihu n'ahụmatịkọ ndị na-eri ibe ya, n'anya n'ime ya, n'ime ya, n'ime ya."ebumnuche nke agụmakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi bụ inyere ndị mmadụ nọ n'afọ ndụ niile aka ịzụlite omume nke nyocha na nkà ikwu okwu nke ha chọrọ ịbụ ndị na-eche echiche, ndị nkwurịta okwu dị irè na ụmụ amaala na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ụwa nke taa. " Mmụta banyere agụmakwụkwọ gbasara mgbasa ozi nwere ike ịmalite na nwata site n'ịzụlite nkuzi gburugburu echiche dị oke egwu na nyocha miri emi na ịjụ echiche na ederede. <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Ka ụmụ akwụkwọ na-akawanye nká ma na-abanye n'oge okenye, ojiji nke mmụta mgbasa ozi ga-enwe mmetụta n'ịchọpụta ụkpụrụ omume na teknụzụ na mgbasa ozi yana ịghọta etu mgbasa ozi si ejikọta na mkpa ha, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na mmetụta uche.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Na North America na Europe, agụmakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi gụnyere ma ike na echiche nchebe. <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ na mgbasa ozi nwere ike iji nkà mepụta ma mepụta ozi mgbasa ozi, ma iji gosipụta nghọta nke àgwà ndị a kapịrị ọnụ nke mgbasa ozi ọ bụla, yana ịmepụta mgbasa ozi ma sonye dị ka ụmụ amaala na-arụsi ọrụ ike. Enwere ike ịhụ ịgụ na ide nke mgbasa ozi dị ka ihe na-enye aka n'ịmụba echiche nke ịgụ na ide, na-emeso mgbasa ozi ọha na eze, ọdịbendị a ma ama na mgbasa ozi dijitalụ dị ka ụdị 'ihe odide' ọhụrụ nke chọrọ nyocha na nyocha. Site n'ịgbanwe usoro mgbasa ozi ka ọ bụrụ usoro na-arụsi ọrụ ike ma dị oke egwu, ndị mmadụ na-enweta mmata dị ukwuu banyere ikike maka nnọchiteanya na njikwa, ma ghọta ọrụ mgbasa ozi na mgbasa ozi na-ekere òkè n'ịmepụta echiche nke eziokwu.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A na-echepụta agụmakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ụzọ isi dozie akụkụ ọjọọ nke mgbasa ozi, gụnyere njikwa mgbasa ozi, ozi na-ezighi ezi, echiche nwoke na nwanyị na agbụrụ na ime ihe ike, mmekọahụ nke ụmụaka, na nchegbu banyere mfu nke nzuzo, cyberbullying na ndị na-eri Intanet. <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Site n'ịzụlite ihe ọmụma na ikike n'iji mgbasa ozi na teknụzụ, agụmakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi nwere ike inye ụdị nchebe nye ụmụaka na ndị na-eto eto site n'inyere ha aka ime ezigbo nhọrọ na omume mgbasa ozi ha, na usoro ojiji.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta na-ahụ agụ na ide nke mgbasa ozi dị ka usoro mkparịta ụka maka ikpe ziri ezi nke mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na gburugburu ebe obibi nke na-agụnye echiche nke praxis nke Paulo Freire (1970) "nchọpụta na ime ihe n'ụwa iji gbanwee ya" (p. 36). Ọrụ nkuzi a na-ajụ ihe nnọchianya nke klas, okike, agbụrụ, mmekọahụ na ụdị njirimara ndị ọzọ ma na-ama ozi mgbasa ozi aka nke na-emegharị mmegbu na ịkpa ókè. Ndị na-akwado agụmakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi na-ekwu na itinye agụmakwụkwọ media n'ime usoro agụmakwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ na-akwalite itinye aka na obodo, na-eme ka a mara usoro ike dị na mgbasa ozi a ma ama ma na-enyere ụmụ akwụkwọ aka inweta nkà dị mkpa na nyocha. <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Mgbasa ozi nwere ike inwe mmetụta dị mma ma ọ bụ na-adịghị mma na ọha mmadụ, mana agụmakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi na-enyere ụmụ akwụkwọ aka ịchọpụta ihe ize ndụ a na-apụghị izere ezere nke aghụghọ, mgbasa ozi na ajọ mbunobi mgbasa ozi. <sup id="cite_ref-:2_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Otu nyocha na-eto eto amalitela ilekwasị anya na mmetụta nke ịgụ na ide nke mgbasa ozi na ndị ntorobịa. N'ime nyocha meta dị mkpa nke ihe karịrị ọmụmụ 50, nke e bipụtara na Journal of Communication, a chọpụtara na ntinye aka mgbasa ozi nwere mmetụta dị mma na ihe ọmụma, nkatọ, ihe a na-ahụ anya, mmetụta, nkwenkwe omume, àgwà, ịdị irè onwe onye, na omume. <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Ịgụ na ide nke mgbasa ozi na-agbakwa ume ka echiche dị oke egwu na nkwupụta onwe onye, na-enyere ụmụ amaala aka iji ikike ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya mee ihe. Mmụta mgbasa ozi na-enyere ndị mmadụ aka ịghọta ma nye aka n'ikwu okwu n'ihu ọha, ma, n'ikpeazụ, mee mkpebi ziri ezi mgbe ha na-ahọpụta ndị isi ha. <sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ na mgbasa ozi nwere ike ịnagide nguzo dị oke egwu mgbe ha na-agbasa ozi mgbasa ozi, n'agbanyeghị echiche ha banyere ọnọdụ. N'otu aka ahụ, ụmụaka na ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na-eji ngwaọrụ mkpanaka eme ihe na-abawanye nke ukwuu; ya mere, ọ dị mkpa ịchọpụta ọkwa mgbasa ozi nke ndị nne na nna na-emekọrịta ihe dị ka ndị ogbugbo n'etiti ụmụaka na mgbasa ozi mkpanaka. </p><p>Digitalisation na mgbasawanye nke teknụzụ ozi na nkwukọrịta na mmalite nke narị afọ nke 21 agbanweela mgbasa ozi na mmekọrịta ha na ndị ọrụ, nke na-agbanwe ụkpụrụ ndị bụ isi nke agụmakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi. Ọ bụghịzi ajụjụ nke ịkụziri ndị na-anabata ihe dị oke egwu dịka nke ịzụ ụmụ amaala dị ka ndị na-ahụ maka ọrụ na gburugburu ebe obibi na ngwakọta. Mmụta mgbasa ozi ugbu a na-agụnye ihe dị ka netwọk mmekọrịta, obodo mebere emepe, nnukwu data, ọgụgụ isi aka, Nlekọta cyber wdg, yana ọzụzụ onye ọ bụla n'iji ngwaọrụ mkpanaka nke ụdị niile.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Ịgụ na ide</li> <li>Ịgụ na ide dijitalụ</li> <li>Okwu</li> <li>Ihe ọmụma na mgbasa ozi</li> <li>Ịgụ na ide ihe ọmụma</li> <li>Intertextuality</li> <li><i>Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Media Literacy Education</i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mind_Over_Media&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mind Over Media (peeji a adịgịhị)">Uche Banyere Mgbasa Ozi</a></li> <li>Ịrụ ọtụtụ ihe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nd%E1%BB%8B_g%E1%BB%A5r%E1%BB%A5_akw%E1%BB%A5kw%E1%BB%8D_na-esote" title="Ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ na-esote">Òtù ndị na-ede akwụkwọ</a></li> <li>Mgbasa ozi</li> <li>Ịgụ na ide</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Edensibia">Edensibia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%BB%8Ag%E1%BB%A5_na_ide_nke_mgbasa_ozi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Mezie ngalaba: Edensibia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>dezie</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%BB%8Ag%E1%BB%A5_na_ide_nke_mgbasa_ozi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Edensibia"><span>dezie ebe o si</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:3-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Hobbs (2010). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aspeninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Digital_and_Media_Literacy.pdf">Digital and Media Literacy: A Plan of Action</a></i>. Aspen Institute.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Digital+and+Media+Literacy%3A+A+Plan+of+Action&rft.title=Digital+and+Media+Literacy%3A+A+Plan+of+Action&rft.aufirst=Renee&rft.au=Hobbs&rft.date=2010&rft.pub=Aspen+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aspeninstitute.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F11%2FDigital_and_Media_Literacy.pdf"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Potter (2010-11-30). "The State of Media Literacy". <i>Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media</i> <b>54</b> (4): 675–696. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2011.521462">10.1080/08838151.2011.521462</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (peeji a adịgịhị)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0883-8151">0883-8151</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.atitle=The+State+of+Media+Literacy&rft.title=Journal+of+Broadcasting+%26+Electronic+Media&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Broadcasting+%26+Electronic+Media&rft.date=2010-11-30&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=4&rft.au=Potter&rft.aufirst=W.+James&rft.pages=675%E2%80%93696&rft.issn=0883-8151&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F08838151.2011.521462"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Renee. (2011). <i>Digital and media literacy : connecting culture and classroom</i>. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Corwin Press. <a href="/wiki/%E1%BB%8Cp%E1%BB%A5r%E1%BB%A5iche:BookSources/9781412981583" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9781412981583</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (peeji a adịgịhị)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/704121171">704121171</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Digital+and+media+literacy+%3A+connecting+culture+and+classroom&rft.title=Digital+and+media+literacy+%3A+connecting+culture+and+classroom&rft.aufirst=Hobbs&rft.au=Renee.&rft.date=2011&rft.pub=Corwin+Press&rft.place=Thousand+Oaks%2C+Calif.&rft.isbn=9781412981583&rft_id=info:oclcnum/704121171"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Supsakova (April 2016). "Media Education of Children a Youth as a Path to Media Literacy". <i>ProQuest</i> <b>7</b> (1). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Templeeti:ProQuest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Templeeti:ProQuest (peeji a adịgịhị)">Templeeti:ProQuest</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.atitle=Media+Education+of+Children+a+Youth+as+a+Path+to+Media+Literacy&rft.title=ProQuest&rft.jtitle=ProQuest&rft.date=April+2016&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.au=Supsakova&rft.aufirst=Bozena"> </span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r110112">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euromedialiteracy.eu/">The European Charter for Media Literacy</a>. Euromedialiteracy.eu. Retrieved on 2011-12-21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Jacobs (2017). <i>Active Literacy Across the Curriculum</i>. New York: Routledge, 17–18. <a href="/wiki/%E1%BB%8Cp%E1%BB%A5r%E1%BB%A5iche:BookSources/9781138909571" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9781138909571</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Active+Literacy+Across+the+Curriculum&rft.title=Active+Literacy+Across+the+Curriculum&rft.aufirst=Heidi&rft.au=Jacobs&rft.date=2017&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=17%E2%80%9318&rft.isbn=9781138909571"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See Corporate media and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Public_service_broadcasting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Public service broadcasting (peeji a adịgịhị)">Public service broadcasting</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://namle.net">National Association for Media Literacy Education</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Share (2015). <i>Media Literacy is Elementary: Teaching Youth to Critically Read and Create Media</i>. Peter Lang Inc., International Academic Publishers. <a href="/wiki/%E1%BB%8Cp%E1%BB%A5r%E1%BB%A5iche:BookSources/9781433124877" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1433124877</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Media+Literacy+is+Elementary%3A+Teaching+Youth+to+Critically+Read+and+Create+Media&rft.title=Media+Literacy+is+Elementary%3A+Teaching+Youth+to+Critically+Read+and+Create+Media&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.au=Share&rft.date=2015&rft.pub=Peter+Lang+Inc.%2C+International+Academic+Publishers&rft.isbn=978-1433124877"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Friesem (June 2019). "Teaching Truth, Lies, and Accuracy in the Digital Age: Media Literacy as Project-Based Learning" (in en). <i>Journalism & Mass Communication Educator</i> <b>74</b> (2): 185–198. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077695819829962">10.1177/1077695819829962</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (peeji a adịgịhị)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1077-6958">1077-6958</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.atitle=Teaching+Truth%2C+Lies%2C+and+Accuracy+in+the+Digital+Age%3A+Media+Literacy+as+Project-Based+Learning&rft.title=Journalism+%26+Mass+Communication+Educator&rft.jtitle=Journalism+%26+Mass+Communication+Educator&rft.date=June+2019&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.au=Friesem&rft.aufirst=Yonty&rft.pages=185%E2%80%93198&rft.issn=1077-6958&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1077695819829962"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Hobbs (2010). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://works.bepress.com/reneehobbs/11/">Empowerment and protection: Complementary strategies for digital and media literacy in the United States</a>". <i>Formare</i>: 1–17.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.atitle=Empowerment+and+protection%3A+Complementary+strategies+for+digital+and+media+literacy+in+the+United+States&rft.title=Formare&rft.jtitle=Formare&rft.date=2010&rft.au=Hobbs&rft.aufirst=Renee&rft.pages=1%E2%80%9317&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworks.bepress.com%2Freneehobbs%2F11%2F"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">e.g., Media Literacy Resource Guide.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Fueyo (2017-12-28). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://revistascientificas.us.es/index.php/fuentes/article/view/4473">Educación mediática: un enfoque feminista para deconstruir la violencia simbólica de los medios</a>" (in es). <i>Revista Fuentes</i> <b>19</b> (2): 81–93. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (peeji a adịgịhị)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2172-7775">2172-7775</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.atitle=Educaci%C3%B3n+medi%C3%A1tica%3A+un+enfoque+feminista+para+deconstruir+la+violencia+simb%C3%B3lica+de+los+medios&rft.title=Revista+Fuentes&rft.jtitle=Revista+Fuentes&rft.date=2017-12-28&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.au=Fueyo&rft.aufirst=Aquilina&rft.pages=81%E2%80%9393&rft.issn=2172-7775&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frevistascientificas.us.es%2Findex.php%2Ffuentes%2Farticle%2Fview%2F4473"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-0">14.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-1">14.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Frau-Meigs, D. 2008. Media education: Crossing a mental rubicon." It will also benefit generations to come in order to function in a technological and media filled world. In Empowerment through media education: An intercultural dialogue, ed. Ulla Carlsson, Samy Tayie, Genevieve Jacqui¬not-Delaunay and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_P%C3%A9rez_Tornero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Manuel Pérez Tornero (peeji a adịgịhị)">José Manuel Pérez Tornero</a>, (pp. 169 – 180). Goteborg University, Sweden: The International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth and Media, Nordicom in cooperation with UNESCO, Dar Graphit and Mentor Association.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://namle.net/publications/core-principles">Core principles of media literacy education in the United States</a>.  <i>National Association for Media Literacy Education</i> (2009-09-12). Retrieved on 2016-07-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Ramos-Soler (2018-07-01). "Online risk perception in young people and its effects on digital behaviour" (in es). <i>Comunicar</i> <b>26</b> (56): 71–79. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c56-2018-07">10.3916/c56-2018-07</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (peeji a adịgịhị)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1134-3478">1134-3478</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.atitle=Online+risk+perception+in+young+people+and+its+effects+on+digital+behaviour&rft.title=Comunicar&rft.jtitle=Comunicar&rft.date=2018-07-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=56&rft.au=Ramos-Soler&rft.aufirst=Irene&rft.pages=71%E2%80%9379&rft.issn=1134-3478&rft_id=info:doi/10.3916%2Fc56-2018-07"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:2_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Hobbs (2020). <i>Mind Over Media: Propaganda Education for a Digital Age</i>. W.W. Norton.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mind+Over+Media%3A+Propaganda+Education+for+a+Digital+Age&rft.title=Mind+Over+Media%3A+Propaganda+Education+for+a+Digital+Age&rft.aufirst=Renee&rft.au=Hobbs&rft.date=2020&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Jeong (2012). "Media Literacy Interventions: A Meta-Analytic Review". <i>The Journal of Communication</i> <b>62</b> (3): 454–472. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01643.x">10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01643.x</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22736807?dopt=Abstract">PMID 22736807</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.atitle=Media+Literacy+Interventions%3A+A+Meta-Analytic+Review&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Communication&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Communication&rft.date=2012&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=3&rft.au=Jeong&rft.aufirst=S.-H.&rft.pages=454%E2%80%93472&rft_id=info:pmid/22736807&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1460-2466.2012.01643.x"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Practice (2017-05-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shorensteincenter.org/combating-fake-news-agenda-for-research/">Combating Fake News: An Agenda for Research and Action</a> <span style="font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); position: relative;">(en-US)</span>.  <i>Shorenstein Center</i>. Retrieved on 2020-05-17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Gutiérrez-Martín (2012). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.revistacomunicar.com/index.php?contenido=detalles&numero=38&articulo=38-2012-05">Educación para los medios, alfabetización mediática y competencia digital</a>" (in es). <i>Comunicar: Revista Científica de Comunicación y Educación</i> <b>19</b> (38): 31–39. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3916/C38-2012-02-03">10.3916/C38-2012-02-03</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (peeji a adịgịhị)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1134-3478">1134-3478</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" 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