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href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Bantuan</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">IPA/Bahasa Mandarin</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 12 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:বাংলা ভাষায় ম্যান্ডারিন চীনা শব্দের প্রতিবর্ণীকরণ – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:বাংলা ভাষায় ম্যান্ডারিন চীনা শব্দের প্রতিবর্ণীকরণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Help:IPA/Mandarin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7:%D8%A2%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="راهنما:آی‌پی‌ای/ماندارین – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راهنما:آی‌پی‌ای/ماندارین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:IPA_for_Mandarin" title="विकिपीडिया:IPA for Mandarin – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिपीडिया:IPA for Mandarin" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:IPA_kanggo_Basa_Mandarin" title="Wikipédia:IPA kanggo Basa Mandarin – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wikipédia:IPA kanggo Basa Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiuto:AFI/Mandarin" title="Aiuto:AFI/Mandarin – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Aiuto:AFI/Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%A4%D0%90_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Википедија:МФА за кинески јазик – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Википедија:МФА за кинески јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:IPA_for_Mandarin" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:IPA for Mandarin – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:IPA for Mandarin" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88_IPA" title="ਮਦਦ:ਮੰਦਾਰਿਨ ਲਈ IPA – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਦਦ:ਮੰਦਾਰਿਨ ਲਈ IPA" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Help:IPA/Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86" title="معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے مینڈارن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے مینڈارن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:现代标准汉语国际音标 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Help:现代标准汉语国际音标" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8615206#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-help" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin" title="Lihat halaman bantuan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman bantuan</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi (halaman belum tersedia) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav 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[h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header 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vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&oldid=26981967" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBantuan%3AIPA%2FBahasa_Mandarin"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBantuan%3AIPA%2FBahasa_Mandarin"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Bantuan%3AIPA%2FBahasa+Mandarin"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Bantuan%3AIPA%2FBahasa_Mandarin&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8615206" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="subpages">< <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">Bantuan:IPA</a></bdi></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333546">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Parentesi_Quadre.svg/30px-Parentesi_Quadre.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Parentesi_Quadre.svg/45px-Parentesi_Quadre.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Parentesi_Quadre.svg/60px-Parentesi_Quadre.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="100" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>Halaman ini merupakan petunjuk pengucapan <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional" title="Alfabet Fonetik Internasional">Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (AFI)</a> untuk Bahasa Mandarin di Wikipedia.</b><div style="font-size: 90%;">halaman ini menyediakan sekumpulan simbol fonetik yang digunakan untuk merepresentasikan bunyi Bahasa Mandarin di artikel Wikipedia. Integritas informasi harus dipertahankan di halaman ini; sehingga jika anda ingin mengubah simbol atau informasi apapun, anda harus membuat <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Konsensus" title="Wikipedia:Konsensus">konsensus</a> terlebih dahulu di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Mandarin (halaman belum tersedia)">halaman pembicaraan</a>.</div><div style="font-size: 90%;">Untuk bantuan dalam membaca simbol AFI, lihat <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengucapan" title="Bantuan:Pengucapan">Bantuan:Pengucapan</a>. Untuk penjelasan perbedaan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ /</span> dan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span> <span class="Unicode">⟩</span>, Lihat <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional#Tanda_kurung_dan_delimitasi_transkripsi" title="Alfabet Fonetik Internasional">IPA § Tanda kurung dan delimitasi transkripsi</a>.</div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><div style="white-space: nowrap;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14631882">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;border:1px solid #aaa;background:#fff;margin:0 0 0 1em;padding:.3em .6em .2em .6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;margin-bottom:.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="H:IPA-CMN"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain plainlist noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Jalan_pintas" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Jalan pintas">Pintasan</a></div><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H:IPA-CMN&redirect=no">H:IPA-CMN</a></span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Tabel dibawah ini berisi informasi mengenai <a href="/wiki/Fonem" title="Fonem">fonem-fonem</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Mandarin" title="Bahasa Mandarin">bahasa Mandarin</a> serta cara pelafalannya dalam <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional" title="Alfabet Fonetik Internasional">Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (IPA)</a>, yang akan digunakan pada artikel-artikel Wikipedia. </p><p>Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat <a href="/wiki/Fonologi_bahasa_Tionghoa_Baku" title="Fonologi bahasa Tionghoa Baku">fonologi bahasa Tionghoa Baku</a> </p> <table style="background: none"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan" title="Konsonan">Konsonan</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">IPA</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th> <th>Contoh dalam bahasa Mandarin</th> <th>Kemiripan bunyi dalam bahasa Indonesia </th></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_rongga-gigi_lidah_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser rongga-gigi lidah nirsuara">ɕ</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-palatal_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-palatal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>x </td> <td>hs </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄒ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/3a\/Mandarin_Chinese-x-%E6%99%93.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese-x-%E6%99%93.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u6653\/\u66c9\/xi\u01ceo"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese-x-\u6653.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/Mandarin_Chinese-x-%E6%99%93.wav/Mandarin_Chinese-x-%E6%99%93.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">晓/曉/xiǎo</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese-x-%E6%99%93.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese-x-晓.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">mirip seperti pelafalan konsonan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>s<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada kata <b>s</b>angat, namun dilafalkan dengan bagian ujung lidah melipat ke bagian atas liidah. </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_bibir-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser bibir-gigi nirsuara">f</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">f </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄈ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/92\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-f-%E9%9D%9E.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-f-%E9%9D%9E.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u975e\/f\u0113i"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-f-\u975e.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/92/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-f-%E9%9D%9E.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-f-%E9%9D%9E.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">非/fēi</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-f-%E9%9D%9E.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-f-非.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>f</b>irasat </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran_langit-langit" title="Konsonan hampiran langit-langit">j</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">y-/-i- </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄧ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-3" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/a\/a8\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-y-%E7%89%99.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-y-%E7%89%99.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u7259\/y\u00e1"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-y-\u7259.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a8/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-y-%E7%89%99.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-y-%E7%89%99.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">牙/yá</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-y-%E7%89%99.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-y-牙.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>y</b>ang </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_langit-langit_belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup langit-langit belakang nirsuara">k</a></span></big> </td> <td>g </td> <td>k </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄍ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-4" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/94\/Mandarin_Chinese-g-%E5%B9%B2.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese-g-%E5%B9%B2.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u5e72\/g\u0101n"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese-g-\u5e72.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/Mandarin_Chinese-g-%E5%B9%B2.wav/Mandarin_Chinese-g-%E5%B9%B2.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">干/gān</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese-g-%E5%B9%B2.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese-g-干.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>k</b>amu </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">kʰ</span></big> </td> <td>k </td> <td>k' </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄎ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-5" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/4\/4f\/Mandarin_Chinese-k-%E5%8F%A3-pronunciation.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese-k-%E5%8F%A3-pronunciation.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u53e3\/k\u01d2u"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese-k-\u53e3-pronunciation.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4f/Mandarin_Chinese-k-%E5%8F%A3-pronunciation.wav/Mandarin_Chinese-k-%E5%8F%A3-pronunciation.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">口/kǒu</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese-k-%E5%8F%A3-pronunciation.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese-k-口-pronunciation.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">mirip seperti pelafalan konsonan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>k<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada kata <b>k</b>awan, namun dilafalkan dengan <a href="/wiki/Penghembusan" title="Penghembusan">hembusan nafas yang kuat</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran-sisi_rongga-gigi" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan hampiran-sisi rongga-gigi">l</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">l </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄌ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-6" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/27\/Mandarin_Chinese-l-%E6%9D%A5-pronunciation.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese-l-%E6%9D%A5-pronunciation.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u6765\/\u4f86\/l\u00e1i"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese-l-\u6765-pronunciation.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/Mandarin_Chinese-l-%E6%9D%A5-pronunciation.wav/Mandarin_Chinese-l-%E6%9D%A5-pronunciation.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">来/來/lái</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese-l-%E6%9D%A5-pronunciation.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese-l-来-pronunciation.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>l</b>aju </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_dwibibir" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan sengau dwibibir">m</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">m </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄇ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-7" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/a\/a1\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-m-%E6%98%8E.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-m-%E6%98%8E.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u660e\/m\u00edng"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-m-\u660e.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-m-%E6%98%8E.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-m-%E6%98%8E.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">明/míng</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-m-%E6%98%8E.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-m-明.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>m</b>asak </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_rongga-gigi" title="Konsonan sengau rongga-gigi">n</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">n </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄋ，ㄣ，ㄢ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-8" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/6\/60\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-n-%E6%B3%A5.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-n-%E6%B3%A5.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u6ce5\/n\u00ed"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-n-\u6ce5.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-n-%E6%B3%A5.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-n-%E6%B3%A5.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">泥/ní</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-n-%E6%B3%A5.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-n-泥.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>n</b>asi </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_langit-langit_belakang" title="Konsonan sengau langit-langit belakang">ŋ</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">-ng </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄥ，ㄤ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-9" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/6\/6d\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-j-%E6%B1%9F.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-j-%E6%B1%9F.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u6c5f\/ji\u0101ng"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-j-\u6c5f.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6d/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-j-%E6%B1%9F.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-j-%E6%B1%9F.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">江/jiāng</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-j-%E6%B1%9F.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-j-江.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>ng</b>a<b>ng</b>a </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_dwibibir_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup dwibibir nirsuara">p</a></span></big> </td> <td>b </td> <td>p </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄅ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-10" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/95\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-b-%E5%B8%AE.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-b-%E5%B8%AE.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u5e2e\/\u5e6b\/b\u0101ng"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-b-\u5e2e.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-b-%E5%B8%AE.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-b-%E5%B8%AE.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">帮/幫/bāng</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-b-%E5%B8%AE.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-b-帮.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>p</b>anas </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">pʰ</span></big> </td> <td>p </td> <td>p' </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄆ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-11" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/a\/a3\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-p-%E6%BB%82.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-p-%E6%BB%82.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u6ec2\/p\u00e1ng"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-p-\u6ec2.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-p-%E6%BB%82.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-p-%E6%BB%82.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">滂/páng</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-p-%E6%BB%82.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-p-滂.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">mirip seperti pelafalan konsonan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>p<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada kata <b>p</b>intar, namun dilafalkan dengan hembusan nafas yang kuat </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_tarik-belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser tarik-belakang bersuara">ʐ</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-r_sym_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r_sym-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></big> </td> <td>r- </td> <td>j </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄖ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-12" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/7\/71\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E6%97%A5.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E6%97%A5.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u65e5\/r\u00ec"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-\u65e5.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E6%97%A5.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E6%97%A5.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">日/rì</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E6%97%A5.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-日.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">mirip seperti pengucapan konsonan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>z<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada kata <b>z</b>aman, namun dilafalkan dengan bagian ujung lidah <a href="/wiki/Konsonan_retrofleks" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan retrofleks">ditarik ke belakang</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser rongga-gigi nirsuara">s</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">s </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄙ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-13" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/f4\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E7%A7%81.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E7%A7%81.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u79c1\/s\u012b"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-\u79c1.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E7%A7%81.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E7%A7%81.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">私/sī</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E7%A7%81.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-私.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>s</b>ana </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_tarik-belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser tarik-belakang nirsuara">ʂ</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">sh </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄕ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-14" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/98\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E7%9F%A2.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E7%9F%A2.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u77e2\/sh\u01d0"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-\u77e2.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E7%9F%A2.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E7%9F%A2.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">矢/shǐ</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E7%9F%A2.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-矢.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">mirip seperti pengucapan konsonan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>s<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada kata <b>s</b>aya, namun dilafalkan dengan bagian ujung lidah ditarik ke belakang </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup rongga-gigi nirsuara">t</a></span></big> </td> <td>d </td> <td>t </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄉ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-15" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/b\/b6\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-d-%E7%AB%AF.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-d-%E7%AB%AF.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u7aef\/du\u0101n"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-d-\u7aef.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-d-%E7%AB%AF.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-d-%E7%AB%AF.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">端/duān</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-d-%E7%AB%AF.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-d-端.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>t</b>ahu </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">tʰ</span></big> </td> <td>t </td> <td>t' </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄊ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-16" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/0\/02\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-t-%E9%80%8F.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-t-%E9%80%8F.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u900f\/t\u00f2u"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-t-\u900f.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-t-%E9%80%8F.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-t-%E9%80%8F.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">透/tòu</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-t-%E9%80%8F.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-t-透.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">mirip seperti pelafalan konsonan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>t<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada kata <b>t</b>awa, namun dilafalkan dengan hembusan nafas yang kuat </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_desis_gesek_rongga-gigi_lidah_nirsuara" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan desis gesek rongga-gigi lidah nirsuara">tɕ</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-palatal_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-palatal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>j </td> <td>ch </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄐ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-17" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/53\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-j-%E5%8F%AB.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-j-%E5%8F%AB.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u53eb\/ji\u00e0o"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-j-\u53eb.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-j-%E5%8F%AB.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-j-%E5%8F%AB.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">叫/jiào</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-j-%E5%8F%AB.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-j-叫.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">mirip seperti pelafalan konsonan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>c<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada kata <b>c</b>erdas, namun dilafalkan dengan posisi lidah agak dekat dengan <a href="/wiki/Konsonan_palatal" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan palatal">langit-langit mulut</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">tɕʰ</span></big> </td> <td>q </td> <td>ch' </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄑ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-18" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/a\/a9\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-q-%E5%8E%BB.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-q-%E5%8E%BB.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u53bb\/q\u00f9"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-q-\u53bb.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-q-%E5%8E%BB.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-q-%E5%8E%BB.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">去/qù</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-q-%E5%8E%BB.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-q-去.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">pelafalannya mirip seperti yang sudah dijelaskan di atas, namun dilafalkan dengan hembusan nafas yang kuat </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek_rongga-gigi_nirsuara#Konsonan_desis_gesek_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan gesek rongga-gigi nirsuara">ts</a></span></big> </td> <td>z </td> <td>ts </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄗ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-19" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/ed\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-z-%E5%AD%90.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-z-%E5%AD%90.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u5b50\/z\u01d0"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-z-\u5b50.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-z-%E5%AD%90.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-z-%E5%AD%90.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">子/zǐ</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-z-%E5%AD%90.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-z-子.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">ske<b>ts</b>a </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">tsʰ</span></big> </td> <td>c </td> <td>ts' </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄘ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-20" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/f0\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E6%AD%A4.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E6%AD%A4.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u6b64\/c\u01d0"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-\u6b64.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E6%AD%A4.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E6%AD%A4.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">此/cǐ</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-%E6%AD%A4.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-此.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">mirip seperti pelafalan konsonan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>ts<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada kata <b>ts</b>unami, namun dilafalkan dengan hembusan nafas yang kuat </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_desis_gesek_tarik-belakang_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan desis gesek tarik-belakang nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ʈʂ</a></span></big> </td> <td>zh </td> <td>ch </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄓ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-21" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/ff\/Mandarin_Chinese-zh-%E4%B9%8B.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese-zh-%E4%B9%8B.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span lang=\"zh\">\u4e4b\/zh\u012b<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese-zh-\u4e4b.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/Mandarin_Chinese-zh-%E4%B9%8B.wav/Mandarin_Chinese-zh-%E4%B9%8B.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span lang="zh">之/zhī</span></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese-zh-%E4%B9%8B.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese-zh-之.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">mirip seperti pelafalan konsonan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>c<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada kata <b>c</b>ara, namun dilafalkan dengan bagian ujung lidah ditarik ke belakang </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʈʂʰ</span></big> </td> <td>ch </td> <td>ch' </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄔ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-22" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/c\/c0\/Mandarin_Chinese-ch-%E5%90%83-pronunciation.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese-ch-%E5%90%83-pronunciation.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span lang=\"zh\">\u5403\/ch\u012b<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese-ch-\u5403-pronunciation.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c0/Mandarin_Chinese-ch-%E5%90%83-pronunciation.wav/Mandarin_Chinese-ch-%E5%90%83-pronunciation.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span lang="zh">吃/chī</span></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese-ch-%E5%90%83-pronunciation.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese-ch-吃-pronunciation.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">pelafalannya mirip seperti yang sudah dijelaskan di atas, namun dilafalkan dengan hembusan nafas yang kuat </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan Voiced labial–velar approximant (halaman belum tersedia)">w</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">w-/-u- </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄨ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-23" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/ed\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-w-%E6%88%91.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-w-%E6%88%91.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u6211\/w\u01d2"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-w-\u6211.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-w-%E6%88%91.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-w-%E6%88%91.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">我/wǒ</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-w-%E6%88%91.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-w-我.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>w</b>anita </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_langit-langit_belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser langit-langit belakang nirsuara">x</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">h </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄏ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-24" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/3d\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-h-%E7%81%AB.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-h-%E7%81%AB.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u706b\/hu\u01d2"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-h-\u706b.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3d/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-h-%E7%81%AB.wav/Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-h-%E7%81%AB.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">火/huǒ</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese_pronunciation-h-%E7%81%AB.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese pronunciation-h-火.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>kh</b>ianat </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_Labialized_palatal_approximant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan Labialized palatal approximant (halaman belum tersedia)">ɥ</a></span></big> </td> <td>yu<sup id="cite_ref-v_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-v-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>-/-ü- </td> <td>yü-/-ü- </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄩ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-25" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d0\/Mandarin_Chinese-%C3%BC-%E6%9C%88-pronunciation.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese-%C3%BC-%E6%9C%88-pronunciation.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u6708\/yu\u00e8"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese-\u00fc-\u6708-pronunciation.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/Mandarin_Chinese-%C3%BC-%E6%9C%88-pronunciation.wav/Mandarin_Chinese-%C3%BC-%E6%9C%88-pronunciation.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">月/yuè</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese-%C3%BC-%E6%9C%88-pronunciation.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese-ü-月-pronunciation.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">mirip seperti pelafalan konsonan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>y<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada kata <b>y</b>ang, namun dilafalkan dengan mulut serta bibir dibulatkan </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal">Vokal</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">IPA</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th> <th>Contoh dalam bahasa Mandarin</th> <th>Kemiripan bunyi dalam bahasa Indonesia </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal takbulat terbuka madya">a</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">a </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄚ，ㄢ，ㄤ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">阿，安，盎</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><b>a</b>sik </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>e</b>r </td> <td><b>ê</b>rh </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄦ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">二，兒（儿）</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal takbulat setengah terbuka depan">ɛ</a></span>~<span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_hampir_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal takbulat hampir terbuka depan">æ</a></span></big> </td> <td>y<b>a</b>n/-i<b>a</b>n </td> <td>y<b>e</b>n/-i<b>e</b>n </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄧㄢ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">言</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: left;">t<b>e</b>h </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">yu<b>a</b>n/-ü<b>a</b>n </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄩㄢ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">元</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_tengah_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat tengah depan (halaman belum tersedia)">e</a></span></big> </td> <td>y<b>e</b>/-i<b>e</b>, yu<b>e</b>/-ü<b>e</b> </td> <td>eh </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄝ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">也，月</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>e</b>nak </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_tengah_madya" title="Vokal tengah madya">ə</a></span></big> </td> <td><b>e</b>n,<sup id="cite_ref-short_form_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-short_form-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>e</b>ng </td> <td><b>ê</b>n, <b>ê</b>ng </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄣ，ㄥ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">本，冷</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">p<b>e</b>p<b>e</b>t, m<b>e</b>nang </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_berwarna_R&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal berwarna R (halaman belum tersedia)">ɚ</a></span></big> </td> <td>er </td> <td>êrh </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄦ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">二，兒（儿）</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">tidak ada; bunyi yang paling mirip adalah pelafalan kata <i>h<b>er</b></i> dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris_Amerika" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Inggris Amerika">bahasa Inggris Amerika</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat setengah tertutup belakang">ɤ</a></span></big> </td> <td>e </td> <td>ê / o<sup id="cite_ref-eo_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eo-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄜ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">厄</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">mirip seperti pelafalan vokal <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>o<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada kata <b>o</b>rang, namun dilafalkan tanpa <a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat setengah tertutup belakang">bibir dan mulut dibulatkan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal takbulat tertutup depan">i</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">yi/-i </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄧ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">李</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>i</b>kan </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Mid_back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Mid back rounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">o</a></span></big> </td> <td>w<b>o</b>/-u<b>o</b><sup id="cite_ref-py-o_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-py-o-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>/-<b>o</b>u </td> <td>o<sup id="cite_ref-wg-o_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wg-o-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄛ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">果</span>，<span lang="zh">狗</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>o</b>tak </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɻ̩</span></big> </td> <td>zh<b>i</b>, ch<b>i</b>, sh<b>i</b>, r<b>i</b> </td> <td>ih </td> <td rowspan="2"><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄭ</span><sup id="cite_ref-rare_sym_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rare_sym-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span lang="zh">之，吃，師（师），日</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">tidak ada; fonem <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɻ̩/</span> merupakan bentuk silabis dari konsonan /<span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran_tarik-belakang" title="Konsonan hampiran tarik-belakang">ɻ</a></span>/ </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɹ̩</span></big> </td> <td>z<b>i</b>, c<b>i</b>, s<b>i</b> </td> <td>ŭ </td> <td><span lang="zh">子，次，私</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">tidak ada; fonem <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɹ̩/</span> merupakan bentuk silabis dari konsonan /<span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran_rongga-gigi" title="Konsonan hampiran rongga-gigi">ɹ</a></span>/ </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal bulat tertutup belakang">u</a></span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">wu/-u </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄨ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">土</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>u</b>ntuk </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_hampir_tertutup_hampir_belakang" title="Vokal bulat hampir tertutup hampir belakang">ʊ</a></span></big> </td> <td>-<b>o</b>ng </td> <td>-<b>u</b>ng </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄨㄥ，ㄩㄥ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">冬，用</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">bur<b>u</b>h </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal bulat tertutup depan">y</a></span></big> </td> <td>yu/-ü<sup id="cite_ref-v_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-v-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>yü/-ü </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄩ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">雨</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">mirip seperti pelafalan vokal <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>i<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada kata <b>i</b>kut, namun dilafalkan dengan <a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal bulat tertutup depan">bibir dan mulut dibulatkan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diphthong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diphthong (halaman belum tersedia)">Diphthongs</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">aɪ</span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">ai </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄞ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">艾</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">k<b>ai</b>l </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">aʊ</span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">ao </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄠ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">凹</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">k<b>au</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">eɪ</span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">ei </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄟ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">杯</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">g<b>ei</b>ser </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">oʊ</span></big> </td> <td colspan="2">ou<sup id="cite_ref-short_form_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-short_form-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄡ</span> </td> <td><span lang="zh">歐（欧）</span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><b>ow</b>e </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/Nada_(linguistik)" title="Nada (linguistik)">Nada</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">IPA</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th> <th>Contoh dalam bahasa mandarin</th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angka_nada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angka nada (halaman belum tersedia)">Angka nada</a></th> <th>Penjelasan </th></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tone_(linguistics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tone (linguistics) (halaman belum tersedia)">á</a></span></big> </td> <td>ā </td> <td>a<sup>1</sup> </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄚ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-26" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/fd\/Mandarin_Chinese-%E5%B7%B4-pronunciation.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese-%E5%B7%B4-pronunciation.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span lang=\"zh\">\u5df4\/b\u0101<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese-\u5df4-pronunciation.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/Mandarin_Chinese-%E5%B7%B4-pronunciation.wav/Mandarin_Chinese-%E5%B7%B4-pronunciation.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span lang="zh">巴/bā</span></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese-%E5%B7%B4-pronunciation.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese-巴-pronunciation.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td>nada 1 </td> <td style="text-align: left;">nada datar tinggi <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[˥]</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tone_(linguistics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tone (linguistics) (halaman belum tersedia)">ǎ</a></span></big> </td> <td>á </td> <td>a<sup>2</sup> </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄚˊ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-27" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/e1\/Mandarin_Chinese-%E6%8B%94.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese-%E6%8B%94.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span lang=\"zh\">\u62d4\/b\u00e1<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese-\u62d4.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/Mandarin_Chinese-%E6%8B%94.wav/Mandarin_Chinese-%E6%8B%94.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span lang="zh">拔/bá</span></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese-%E6%8B%94.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese-拔.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td>nada 2 </td> <td style="text-align: left;">nada tengah menaik <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[˧˥]</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tone_(linguistics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tone (linguistics) (halaman belum tersedia)">à</a></span></big> </td> <td>ǎ </td> <td>a<sup>3</sup> </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄚˇ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-28" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/22\/Mandarin_Chinese-third_tone-%E6%8A%8A-pronunciation.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese-third_tone-%E6%8A%8A-pronunciation.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span lang=\"zh\">\u628a\/b\u01ce<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese-third tone-\u628a-pronunciation.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/22/Mandarin_Chinese-third_tone-%E6%8A%8A-pronunciation.wav/Mandarin_Chinese-third_tone-%E6%8A%8A-pronunciation.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span lang="zh">把/bǎ</span></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese-third_tone-%E6%8A%8A-pronunciation.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese-third tone-把-pronunciation.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td>nada 3 </td> <td style="text-align: left;">bervariasi: pada posisi tengah, dilafalkan sebagai nada datar rendah <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[˩]</span>; pada posisi awal, dilafalkan sebagai nada tengah menurun <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[˧˩]</span>; pada posisi akhir, dilafalkan sebagai nada rendah menaik <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[˩˧]</span>; pada posisi <i>isolasi</i>/sendirian, dilafalkan sebagai nada naik turun <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[˧˩˧]</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tone_(linguistics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tone (linguistics) (halaman belum tersedia)">â</a></span></big> </td> <td>à </td> <td>a<sup>4</sup> </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄚˋ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-29" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/34\/Mandarin_Chinese-%E7%88%B8-pronunciation.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese-%E7%88%B8-pronunciation.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span lang=\"zh\">\u7238\/b\u00e0<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese-\u7238-pronunciation.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/Mandarin_Chinese-%E7%88%B8-pronunciation.wav/Mandarin_Chinese-%E7%88%B8-pronunciation.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span lang="zh">爸/bà</span></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese-%E7%88%B8-pronunciation.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese-爸-pronunciation.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td>nada 4 </td> <td style="text-align: left;">nada tinggi menurun <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[˥˩]</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tone_(linguistics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tone (linguistics) (halaman belum tersedia)">a</a></span></big> </td> <td>a </td> <td>a<sup>0</sup> </td> <td><span lang="zh-Bopo">˙ㄚ</span> </td> <td><small><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-30" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/5c\/Mandarin_Chinese-fourth_tone-%E5%90%A7-pronunciation.wav\/Mandarin_Chinese-fourth_tone-%E5%90%A7-pronunciation.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span lang=\"zh\">\u5427\/ba<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"id","wikibase":"","file":"Mandarin Chinese-fourth tone-\u5427-pronunciation.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/Mandarin_Chinese-fourth_tone-%E5%90%A7-pronunciation.wav/Mandarin_Chinese-fourth_tone-%E5%90%A7-pronunciation.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Putar audio" title="Putar audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span lang="zh">吧/ba</span></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mandarin_Chinese-fourth_tone-%E5%90%A7-pronunciation.wav" title="Berkas:Mandarin Chinese-fourth tone-吧-pronunciation.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></small> </td> <td>nada 0 atau 5<br />(tak bernada) </td> <td style="text-align: left;">bervariasi; pada nada lainnya (kecuali nada 4), dilafalkan sebagai nada datar tengah <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[˧]</span>; namun pada nada 4, dilafalkan sebagai nada datar rendah <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[˩]</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7"><b>Catatan:</b> <a href="/wiki/Romanisasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanisasi">Romanisasi</a> Hanyu-Pinyin menggunakan diakritik yang sama seperti halnya diakritik yang digunakan oleh IPA, namun dengan nilai yang berbeda. </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Catatan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Catatan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Catatan"></span>Catatan<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Catatan"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Catatan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Catatan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-palatal-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-palatal_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-palatal_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dalam bahasa Mandarin, konsonan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɕ,<span class="wrap"> </span>tɕ,<span class="wrap"> </span>tɕʰ]</span> adalah konsonan yang selalu diikuti oleh fonem <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[i]</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[j]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[y]</span>, serta <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɥ]</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-r_sym-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-r_sym_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Konsonan <span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_tarik-belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser tarik-belakang bersuara">ʐ</a></span> juga ditranskripsikan sebagai konsonan <span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran_tarik-belakang" title="Konsonan hampiran tarik-belakang">ɻ</a></span> pada beberapa literatur.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-v-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-v_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-v_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Digraf <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>yu<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada <a href="/wiki/Romanisasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanisasi">romanisasi</a> Hanyu-Pinyin melambangkan nilai fonem [<span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_Labialized_palatal_approximant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan Labialized palatal approximant (halaman belum tersedia)">ɥ</a></span>] serta <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>yü<span class="Unicode">⟩</span>; dikarenakan dalam bahasa Mandarin, konsonan [<span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran_langit-langit" title="Konsonan hampiran langit-langit">j</a></span>] tidak akan diikuti oleh vokal [<span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal bulat tertutup belakang">u</a></span>].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-short_form-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-short_form_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-short_form_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="id" dir="ltr">Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <code><ref></code> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama <code>short form</code></span></li> <li id="cite_note-eo-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eo_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dalam romanisasi Wade-Giles, vokal <span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat setengah tertutup belakang">ɤ</a></span> dieja sebagai <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>o<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada konsonan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>k, k', h<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> in Wade-Giles.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-py-o-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-py-o_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dalam romanisasi Hanyu-Pinyin, Vokal <span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Mid_back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Mid back rounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">o</a></span> dieja sebagai <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>o<span class="Unicode">⟩</span> pada konsonan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span>b, p, m, f<span class="Unicode">⟩</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wg-o-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wg-o_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄨㄛ</span> is spelled as ⟨o⟩, except for ⟨k, k', h, sh⟩ (as ⟨kuo, k'uo, huo, shuo⟩) in Wade-Giles.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rare_sym-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rare_sym_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This symbol is rarely used and usually omitted during writing.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Referensi" data-mw-thread-id="h-Referensi"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Referensi"></span>Referensi<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Referensi"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r21093234">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Duanmu, San (2007). <i>The Phonology of Standard Chinese</i> (edisi ke-2nd). Oxford: Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Phonology+of+Standard+Chinese&rft.place=Oxford&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Duanmu&rft.aufirst=San&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABantuan%3AIPA%2FBahasa+Mandarin" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Lee, Wai-Sum; Zee, Eric (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/050A393AF2D3C325E3C6796FE8CA99A3/S0025100303001208a.pdf/standard_chinese_beijing.pdf">"Standard Chinese (Beijing)"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of the International Phonetic Association</i>. <b>33</b> (1): 109–112. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0025100303001208">10.1017/S0025100303001208</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+International+Phonetic+Association&rft.atitle=Standard+Chinese+%28Beijing%29&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=109-112&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0025100303001208&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Wai-Sum&rft.au=Zee%2C+Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fservices%2Faop-cambridge-core%2Fcontent%2Fview%2F050A393AF2D3C325E3C6796FE8CA99A3%2FS0025100303001208a.pdf%2Fstandard_chinese_beijing.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABantuan%3AIPA%2FBahasa+Mandarin" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Lin, Yen-Hwei (2007). <i>The Sounds of Chinese</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sounds+of+Chinese&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Yen-Hwei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABantuan%3AIPA%2FBahasa+Mandarin" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="External_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-External_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-External_links"></span>External links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-External_links"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: External links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: External links"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://project-modelino.com/chinese-phonetic-transcription-converter.php?site_language=english">Chinese Phonetic Transcription Converter</a>—Free Online Tool to convert Chinese Text to Pinyin Phonetic Transcription</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&oldid=26981967">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin&oldid=26981967</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:International_Phonetic_Alphabet_help&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:International Phonetic Alphabet help (halaman belum tersedia)">International Phonetic Alphabet help</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Bantuan_Alfabet_Fonetis_Internasional" title="Kategori:Bantuan Alfabet Fonetis Internasional">Bantuan Alfabet Fonetis Internasional</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_yang_menggunakan_ekstensi_Phonos" title="Kategori:Halaman yang menggunakan ekstensi Phonos">Halaman yang menggunakan ekstensi Phonos</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_kesalahan_referensi" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan kesalahan referensi">Halaman dengan kesalahan referensi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_teks_IPA_polos" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan teks IPA polos">Halaman dengan teks IPA polos</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Halaman ini terakhir diubah pada 1 Maret 2025, pukul 09.15.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks tersedia di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Lisensi Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa Creative Commons</a>; ketentuan tambahan mungkin berlaku. 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